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واره و نمایشگاه بین المللی رسانه های دیجیتال.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>All students are entitled to participate in and progress through the curriculum. Schools are required to provide additional support or adjustments to teaching, learning and assessment activities for some students with special education needs. Adjustments are measures or actions taken in relation to teaching, learning and assessment that enable a student with special education needs to access syllabus outcomes and content and demonstrate achievement of outcomes.
Students with special education needs can access outcomes and content from K–10 syllabuses in a range of ways. Students may engage with:
- syllabus outcomes and content with adjustments to teaching, learning and/or assessment activities; or
- selected K–10 syllabus outcomes and content appropriate to their learning needs; or
- syllabus outcomes from an earlier Stage, using age-appropriate content; or
- selected Years 7–10 Life Skills outcomes and content from one or more syllabus.
Decisions regarding curriculum options, including adjustments should be made in the context of collaborative curriculum planning with the student, parent/carer and other significant individuals to ensure that decisions are appropriate for the learning needs and priorities of individual students.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>BSL Sign Language Dictionary
Search and compare thousands of words and phrases in British Sign Language (BSL). The largest collection online.
How to sign: one of several parallel layers of material arranged one on top of another (such as a layer of tissue or cells in an organism)
Within this category: epidermis, stratum corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, stratum germinativum, dermis, cambium, wall, substratum, horizon, seam, bed
Sign not right? Or know a different sign?
Upload your sign now.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>通用电气公司的子公司通用电气航空公司（GE Aviation）位于俄亥俄州，获得了1.11亿美元的合同修改合同，以支持西科斯基为美国海军陆战队生产新型重型直升机。
该交易是对先前合同的修改，包括采购20台T408-GE-400涡轮轴发动机，特殊的支持设备以及相关的发动机，程序和物流服务，以支持CH-53K Lot 4低费率的初始生产和备件，根据美国国防部的合同公告。
正如国防部所指出的那样，这项工作将在马萨诸塞州的林恩进行，预计将于2023年12月完成。
CH-53K种马王是美国政府有史以来制造的第一架重型直升机。这是一架全新的重型直升机，将扩大机队更快地运输更多材料的能力。该动力来自三台新的通用电气T408发动机，它们比目前CH-53E上配备的T-64发动机更强大，更省油。
CH-53K计划在2030年之前完全取代CH-53E超级种马。
4月，一架CH-53K公马 成功通过 新的空中加油唤醒测试。<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Futbol yorumcusu Sinan Engin, Beşiktaş Teknik Direktörü Abdullah Avcı ile görüştüğünü ve transfer yapılacağını söyledi.
Sinan Engin, Beyaz TV'de yayınlanan Beyaz Futbol programında Sivasspor-Beşiktaş mücadelesini değerlendirdi. Engin şu açıklamalarda bulundu:
"Sivasspor Beşiktaş'ı deyim yerindeyse eze eze yendi. Maç iyi futbolcuyla kazanılır, bir Adem Ljajic Beşiktaş'a yetmez. Abdullah Avcı'ya dedim ki bir tane santrfor al dedim, 'bakıyoruz alacağız' dedi. 'Bir tane de kanat oyuncusu bakacağız' dedi. Lig başladı ligin kaçıncı haftası, ne zaman oynayacak ne zaman adapte olacaklar. Neden bu transferler bu kadar geçe kaldı.
Göndermeye çalıştığın Quaresma'dan medet umuyorsun. Ankaragücü'nde oynayan Boyd'dan Babel, Onyekuru veya Rodrigues yaratmaya çalışıyorsun. Tutar mı? Bekleyeceğiz. Beşiktaş'ın orta sahası Dorukhan-Medel olmaz, olmuyor. Beşiktaş'ın acilen bir forvet, bir kanat ve bir ön libero alması lazım. Defansı geçtim, bakıyorsun Ruiz üst düzey bir oyuncu değil.
Beşiktaş futbol takımı bu kadrosuna takviye yapmazsa hiç kendini kandırmasın, haftaya 5'lik yapabilir ama deplasmanda sonraki hafta yine bu duruma düşebilir. Bir an evvel bir orta saha, bir forvet çünkü Burak hazırlanana kadar vakit geçecek. Bir de acil kanat lazım. Bunları önümüzdeki hafta nasıl yapacaklar bilmiyorum ama mutlaka alması lazım.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>در این مقاله از ساینت ترانک Trunk ساختار آن و نحوه کارکردش را با هم بررسی خواهیم کرد.
Multiswitch broadcast domains
توی مقالات گذشته راجب VLAN توضیح دادیم که وقتی یک فریم broadcast بر روی هر پورت سوئیچ دریافت می شود، سوئیچ آن را به سایر پورت های دیگر ارسال می کند. با توجه به این نکته، اگر دو سوئیچ با تنظیمات پیش فرض را به هم وصل کنیم، همانطور که در شکل زیر نشان داده شده است، هر فریم broadcast دریافت شده توسط هر یک از سوئیچ ها به دیگری منتقل شده و سپس از تمام پورت های آن خارج می شود. بنابراین دامنه broadcast فقط به یک سوئیچ محدود نمی شود، بلکه شامل همه دستگاه هایی است که از هر فریم broadcast کپی می گیرند، حتی اگر به سوئیچ های دیگر متصل باشند. اگر این منطق را در شبکه با ده ها سوئیچ متصل به هم در نظر بگیریم، می توانیم دامنه broadcast متشکل از صد دستگاه پایانی داشته باشیم. این امر می تواند شبکه را با ترافیک BUM تا حدی زیادی به خطر بیندازد در حدی که شبکه غیر قابل استفاده شود. بنابراین تقسیم دامنه broadcast واحد به چند حوزه کوچکتر در توپولوژی های بزرگ برای سوئیچ های به هم پیوسته اهمیت بیشتری دارد.
VLAN روی چندین سوئیچ
بنابراین اگر منطق VLAN را به کار ببریم، با استفاده از LAN های مجازی می توانیم توپولوژی سوئیچ را به چندین حوزه broadcast تقسیم کنیم، همانطور که در شکل زیر نشان داده شده است. روش های مختلفی برای انجام این کار وجود دارد، اما بیایید با ساده ترین آنها شروع کنیم. این کار با پیکربندی پورت های ۱ تا ۴ هر دو سوئیچ به VLAN 10 و پورت های ۵ تا ۹ به VLAN20 انجام می شود. اگرچه این یک طرح معتبر است و کار می کند، اما به سادگی مقیاس پذیری چندانی ندارد. به یک اتصال فیزیکی بین سوئیچ ها در هر VLAN نیاز دارد. اگر توپولوژی فوق دارای بیش از ۱۰+ VLAN باشد ، به بیش از ۱۰ کابل فیزیکی بین سوئیچ ها نیاز دارد و شما از ۱۰+ پورت سوئیچ (روی هر سوئیچ) برای این لینک ها استفاده می کنید.
بدیهی است که این طرح در توپولوژی هایی که فقط چند VLAN وجود دارد قابل استفاده است. امروزه در شبکه های سازمانی مدرن، ده ها VLAN وجود دارد، بنابراین این روش گسترش VLAN بین سوئیچ ها در مقیاس وسیع قابل اجرا نیست.
ترانک Trunk
برای غلبه بر این محدودیت مقیاس پذیری، می توانیم از فناوری Ethernet دیگری به نام VLAN trunking استفاده کنیم. این تنها یک لینک بین سوئیچ هایی ایجاد می کند که به اندازه مورد نیاز VLAN را پشتیبانی می کنند. در عین حال ترافیک VLAN را جدا نگه می دارد، بنابراین فریم های VLAN 20 به دستگاه های VLAN 10 و بالعکس نمی رود. یک مثال را می توان در شکل زیر مشاهده کرد. لینک بین سوئیچ ۱ و سوئیچ ۲ یک لینک ترانک است و می بینید که هر دو VLAN 10 و VLAN 20 از طریق این لینک عبور می کنند.
پروتکل های ترانک
دو پروتکل ترانکینگ در سوئیچ های Cisco طی سالها مورد استفاده قرار گرفته است – Inter -Switch Link (ISL) و IEEE 802.1Q- مورد اول یعنی ISL یک پروتکل برچسب گذاری (tagging protocol) اختصاصی سیسکو بود که قبل از ۸۰۲.۱Q بود، استفاده از آن کاهش یافته است و دیگر مورد استفاده قرار نمی گیرد. IEEE 802.1Q کپسوله سازی ترانک استاندارد در حال حاضر است و به طور معمول تنها در سوئیچ های مدرن پشتیبانی می شود.
توجه به این نکته ضروری است که تگ ۴ بایت اضافی به هدر اترنت فریم ها اضافه می کند. مهمترین فیلد در برچسب VLAN ID است که ۱۲ بیت طول دارد. VLAN را که فریم به آن تعلق دارد مشخص می کند. از آنجا که مقادیر ۰x000 و ۰xFFF محفوظ است ، ۴۰۹۴ شماره VLAN ممکن وجود دارد.
VLAN Tagging
ترانکینگ VLAN به سوئیچ ها اجازه می دهد تا فریم ها را از VLAN های مختلف بر روی یک لینک واحد به نام trunk ارسال کنند. این کار با افزودن اطلاعات سربرگ اضافی به نام tag به فریم اترنت انجام می شود. فرآیند افزودن این هدر کوچک VLAN Tagging نامیده می شود. اگر به شکل زیر نگاه کنید، سیستم ۱ یک فریم broadcast را ارسال می کند. وقتی سوئیچ ۱ فریم را دریافت می کند، می داند که این یک فریم broadcast است و باید آن را از تمام پورت های خود را به بیرون ارسال کند. با این حال سوئیچ ۱ باید به سوئیچ ۲ بگوید که این فریم متعلق به VLAN10 است. بنابراین قبل از ارسال فریم به سوئیچ ۲ ، SW1 یک هدر VLAN را به فریم اترنت اصلی اضافه می کند، با شماره VLAN 10 همانطور که در شکل زیر نشان داده شده است.
هنگامی که سوئیچ ۲ فریم را دریافت می کند، می بیند که فریم متعلق به VLAN 10 است، سپس هدر را برداشته و به فریم اصلی اترنت به تمام اینترفیس هاس پیکربندی شده در VLAN10 منتقل می کند.
بنابراین در مثال های داده شده، وقتی فریم های اترنت بین سوئیچ ها از طریق لینک trunk ارسال می شوند، با هدر VLAN برچسب گذاری می شوند. هنگامی که سوئیچ دریافت کننده آنها را دریافت می کند، برچسب VLAN را حذف می کند و آنها را برای سرویس گیرندگان در VLAN ارسال می کند، فریم ها برچسب گذاری نشده اند.
تغییر حالت های اینترفیس ها
هر رابط سوئیچ می تواند به عنوان پورت دسترسی(access) یا ترانک عمل کند. از آنجا که در استقرار معمولی LAN ، صدها یا حتی هزاران پورت سوئیچ وجود دارد، پروتکلی به نام Dynamic Trunking Protocol (DTP) وجود دارد که به مدیران شبکه کمک می کند تا حالت عملکرد اینترفیس ها را به صورت خودکار تنظیم کنند. به طور پیش فرض، همه پورت های سوئیچ سیسکو در حالت dynamic auto هستند، به این معنی که این پروتکل پویا (DTP) Dynamic Trunking Protocol در حال گوش دادن و تلاش برای درک آنچه در طرف دیگر کابل پیکربندی شده است است، و بر اساس آن تصمیم می گیرد که آیا تبدیل می شود یا خیر. یک پورت دسترسی یا ترانک به عنوان مثال اگر لینک بین SW1 و SW2 داشته باشیم، اگر رابط کاربری روی SW1 را به عنوان پورت ترانک پیکربندی کنیم، DTP این مورد را به طرف دیگر تبلیغ می کند و رابط SW2 به طور خودکار در حالت ترانک تنظیم می شود و لینک ترانک بین سوئیچ ها تشکیل می شود.
|Mode||Behaviour|
|switchport mode dynamic auto||DEFAULT MODE for layer 2 interfaces of Cisco switches
Passively waiting to convert the port into a trunk. (DTP listening for messages from the far side saying “let’s form a trunk”)
Becomes a trunk if the other side of the link is configured with trunk or dynamic desirable mode
|switchport mode dynamic desirable||Actively trying to convert the link to a trunk. (DTP actively sending messages to the far side saying “let’s form a trunk”)
Becomes a trunk if the other side of the link is configured with trunk or dynamic desirable or dynamic auto.
|switchport mode access||The interface becomes an access port.
DTP negotiates the link as nontrunk link.
|switchport mode trunk||The interface becomes a trunk port.
DTP negotiates the link as trunk link. (DTP actively sending messages to the far side saying “let’s form a trunk”)
|switchport mode nonegotiate||Disables the Dynamic Trunking Protocol (DTP).
Interface mode is configured manually.
همانطور که ملاحظه می کنید تعداد زیادی حالت عملیاتی switchport وجود دارد، بنابراین چندین ترکیب احتمالی برای دو سر لینک بین دو سوئیچ وجود دارد. بسته به پیکربندی هر دو طرف، سوئیچ ها می توانند لینک اصلی را تشکیل دهند یا خیر. همه ترکیبات در شکل زیر نشان داده شده است.
جمع بندی
- VLAN ها از نظر محلی دارای اهمیت هستند و در پایگاه داده محلی VLAN siwtch ذخیره می شوند.
- ترانک به فریم های برچسب با شناسه VLAN اضافه می کند
- IEEE 802.1Q مکانیزم استاندارد ترانکینگ در سوئیچ های سیسکو است. روش قدیمی به نام ISL منسوخ شده است و دیگر مورد استفاده قرار نمی گیرد.
- پروتکل Dymanimc Trunking (DTP) می تواند در مورد لینک های ترانک مذاکره کند.
- برای ایجاد یک لینک ترانک بین دو سوئیچ، هر دو سمت باید پیکربندی شوند تا بتواند ترانکینگ را در هر انتهای لینک ایجاد کند.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>"Far as the Curse is Found"
Of all the Christmas songs that are sung during this time of year, only a few of them distinctly come from the pages of Scripture. The secular world has put its best foot forward in the festive songs that have been written in an attempt to capture the warmth and joy that should be felt in the Christmas season, but all the while missing the key point. Just as the birth of Jesus in a nondescript location was passed over by an oblivious and otherwise occupied majority, the commercial celebration we see today with its frantic, panicked gift gathering gains so much boxed up, gift-wrapped momentum, it roars right on by the quiet and humble Savior who stands as the real "Reason for the Season"!
We who believe are guilty of the same at times. It is important to remember that the ugliness of sin and our enslavement to it is why we celebrate the Father sending Jesus. It is good to pull back a bit and take stock of our motive, to meditate on Jesus' birth, and consider the meaning of Christmas and the songs that we sing. Christmas songs may become repetitive and tiresome to sing every year, but they convey the Christ-centred meaning of Christmas. Hopefully, we will find these songs inspiring as they exalt and magnify the mission and person of Jesus, who came to earth to fulfill the Father's plan of redemption and give us everlasting joy.
The words for the song "Joy to the World" were written by Isaac Watts, who drew inspiration from Psalms 98:4 and 96:11-12. It speaks of all the earth making a joyful noise to the LORD. He also drew inspiration from Genesis 3:17-18, which addresses the cursed earth because of Adams sin. It was first published in Watt's collection of poems entitled, "The Psalms of David: Imitated in the Language of the New Testament, and Applied to the Christian State and Worship." However, the song was removed from print in some hymnals because the third stanza repeats, "Far as the curse is found." The third stanza, which is as follows: "No more let sins and sorrows grow, nor thorns infest the ground; He comes to make His blessings flow far as the curse is found," speaks of Christ's blessings achieving victory over sin wherever its curse is found. This was said to be "un-Psalm-like" and was thus removed, but when viewed in the context of the New Testament as Isaac Watts did, the line makes sense because it was for this purpose that Jesus came to this world. 1 John 3:8 says, "He who sins is of the devil, for the devil has sinned from the beginning. For this purpose the Son of God was manifested, that He might destroy the works of the devil."
The third stanza shows us a glimpse of what is to come when God's redemptive plan reaches its culmination. Romans 5:12-14 speaks of sin coming into the world through one man (Adam) and death along with it, which spread to all men of every race, tribe and tongue. Sin's curse is death, but God created man to live forever. When he set Adam and Eve in the Garden of Eden, he gave them the freedom to choose between the flesh (sin) and His will, and it was in making a choice to disobey God that they died spiritually and began to die physically. The effects of sin can be seen everywhere around us. We see it shouted in the news headlines, glorified in the entertainment industry, and political platforms are built around some of the very issues the Bible condemns. Romans 8:18-23 talks of creation groaning as all things wait (under the curse God placed on the world) for the redemption of our bodies. God has made mankind the pinnacle of his creation, and all of creation suffers as we wait for our final redemption. Just as sin and death entered the human race through one man, Adam, Jesus' free gift of righteousness, through His abundant grace, will bring life to those who receive it. To receive God's gift of redemption is to have our spirit made alive. Our life is hidden with Christ, according to Colossians 3:3, which means we are secure in him, we are part of the divine nature (2 Peter 1:4), and have become one spirit with Him (1 Corinthians 6:17). While we live in our flesh on earth, there is an unceasing battle between our redeemed spirit and our rebellious sin nature, which is our flesh. That battle will end only when we are glorified with Christ and given our new
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سیگنال های اجتماعی نظیر ریتوئیت شدن یا سایر به اشتراک گذاری ها در شبکه های اجتماعی هم تاثیر مثبتی بر رتبه بندی دارند اما تاثیرشان با تاثیر لینک ها قابل مقایسه نیست. لینک های درون فیس بوک یا توئیتر تاثیری بر محبوبیت لینک ندارند و این یک نکته مثبت است چرا که در غیر این صورت شرکت ها می توانستند با تبلیغات اسپم گون در شبکه های اجتماعی به صدر نتایج سرچ ها راه یابند.
می خواهید ارزش یک لینک معین را بفهمید؟ Open Site Explorer موتور جست و جویی برای این کار است و “قدرت دامنه” (Domain Authority) را در بازه ۱ تا ۱۰۰می سنجد. در این سایت شما می توانید سایت های رقیبی را هم که از کلیدواژه های شما برای هدایت سرچ ها استفاده می کنند بشناسید. البته ورژن رایگان این سایت اجازه تعداد محدودی سرچ در روز و برای تعداد معینی لینک را به شما می دهد.
چگونه می توان در نبرد تبادل لینک هوشمند برنده بود
شما قرار نیست گوگل را گول بزنید. قرار نیست به دنبال راه هایی برای این کار باشیم. قرار بر این است که به صورت قانونی با انبوهی از محتواهای مرتبط در وبسایت ها لینک شوید. هر تاکتیکی که این موارد در آن لحاظ نشده باشد بی فایده است و حتی می تواند مضر هم باشد.
شیوه های قانونی بسیاری برای ترقی دادن لینک هایتان وجود دارد که با انجام آن ها دیگر نیازی به راهکارهای کلاه سیاه SEO نخواهید داشت و بسیاری از این استراتژی ها غیر از ترقی دادن لینک هایتان فواید دیگری هم دارند. در این جا لیستی از کارهایی را که برای شروع باید انجام دهید آورده شده است:
- ۱. تولید محتوای با کیفیت بالا
اگر شما محتوایی مفید و ناب تولید کنید لینک دهی به سایتتان به صورت اتوماتیک اتفاق می افتد چرا که بقیه سایت ها به صورت طبیعی تمایل به اشتراک گذاری آن ها خواهند داشت. می توانید تلاشی هم در جهت ایجاد محتواهایی “لینک خور” مثل وبسایت یا وبلاگی که در آن در مورد تحقیقی خلاقانه یا چک لیستی از اطلاعاتی باارزش مطلب بگذارید داشته باشید. هنگامی که مطلبی هدف دار و با کیفیت بالا منتشر می کنید، شانس بالا بردن لینک هایتان را افزایش می دهید.
فواید مازاد: نه تنها باعث جذب شدید لینک می شود بلکه می تواند بازدیدکنندگانتان را هم به مشتریانتان بدل کند.
- ۲. گذاشتن پست های وبلاگی مهمان
به اشتراک گذاری پست هایی مهمان در سایت های دیگر شیوه موثری برای ایجاد لینک های مرتبط است. می توانید در قسمت بیوگرافی نویسنده مطلب لینکتان را قرار دهید یا شیوه های دیگری برای قرار دادن لینک سایتتان در میانه های پست پیدا کنید.
طبق تحقیقات وبلاگی سایت Curata، ۵۶ درصد از بلاگرهای حوزه کسب و کار از پست های مهمان به عنوان منبع اصلی لینک دهی خارجیشان استفاده می کنند.
اما به خاطر داشته باشید که از آن جا که پست گذاری وبلاگی به صورت مهمان محبوبیت یافته است، رقابت در آن ها شدیدتر شده است. ایجاد یک پست قوی و متصل و مرتبط کردن آن به یک سایت بسیار با کیفیت کار زمان بری است. سایت های درجه یک از شما کار درجه یک می خواهند.
فواید مازاد: علاوه بر برقراری لینک، پست گذاری وبلاگی به عنوان مهمان برای شما بازدیدکنندگان جدیدی را هم دست و پا می کند و ارتباطتان را با سایر افراد شاغل در حوزه تان هم تقویت می کند.
- به دنبال جلب توجه کردن در رسانه ها باشید
خبرگزاری های آنلاین لینک های باکیفیتی محسوب نمی شوند اما نام برده شدن از شما در رسانه های معتبر می تواند این کار را برای شما انجام دهد. هر نام برده شدنی مستلزم گذاشته شدن لینک شما نیست اما می توانید هنگامی که مطلبی را در اختیار ژورنالیست ها قرار می دهید از آن ها درخواست کنید که لینک شما را هم قرار دهند.
به یاد داشته باشید که اصل قصه، “مرتبط بودن” است پس اگر وبلاگی در مورد خاطرات هاکی بازی کردنتان دارید گذاشتن لینکی از یک سایت بیمه چندان تاثیری نخواهد داشت. پس استراتژی معینی برای رسانه های جمعی که قرار است در آن ها حضور داشته باشید پیدا کنید.
فواید مازاد: داشتن روابط عمومی خوب به ساخت لینک و ایجاد آگاه عمومی نسبت به شما کمک می کند.
- پیگیری فرصت های لینک دهی موجود
اگر مدتی از راه اندازی سایتتان گذاشته باشد طبیعتا روابطی برقرار کرده اید که می توانید آن ها را بدل به لینک کنید. سرچی در گوگل انجام دهید تا بفهمید چه سایت هایی هستند که از شام نام برده اند اما لینک شما را در سایتشان قرار نداده اند. مثلا اگر عضو یک انجمن حرفهه ای هستید می توانید از آن ها بخواهید که به سایت شما لینک دهند.
فواید مازاد: به دنبال درخواست لینک بودن فرصتی را هم ایجاد می کند تا روابطتان را تحکیم کنید و حضور خودتان را به دیگران یادآوری کنید. فقط به یاد داشته باشید که درخواستتان را مودبانه مطرح کنید.
احتمالا حال که فهمیدید که گوگل چرا و چگونه لینک ها را رتبه بندی می کند به دنیای وب به چشم دیگری نگاه می کنید. البته گوگل به صورت دائم الگوریتم های سرچ خود را تکامل می بخشد اما نکته جالب اینجاست که خود گوگل هم علاقه مند است که کاربران بدانند که چگونه محتواهایی مفید و مرتبط با این الگوریتم ها تولید کنند و ترافیک سرچ خود را بالا ببرند.
یادآپ با همکاری مدرس عزیز جناب آقای مراد محمدی دوره مبانی طراحی وب را آماده کرده است. این دوره به صورت آنلاین می باشد و شما بدون محدودیت مکان و زمان می توانید در دوره شرکت کنید. برای شرکت در دوره لینک زیر را کلیک نمایید.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Modest Mussorgsky was born on March 21st,
1839 in Karevo, 249 miles south of St. Petersburg. He came from a wealthy
land-owning family, supposedly descended from the first Ruthenian ruler, Rurik.
His mother being a trained pianist, Mussorgsky began receiving lessons at the
age of six. He progressed quickly and within three years times was able to
perform the works of John Field and Franz Liszt. At ten years of age,
Mussorgsky, as well as his brother, was taken to the prestigious Peterschule in
St. Petersburg where he studied with pianist Anton Gerke. However, despite is
early affinity for music, which included a piano piece published at the age of
twelve, Mussorgsky carrried on his family's tradition of military service. He
entered the Cadet School of the Guards at the age of thirteen. He graduated
from the Cadet School in 1856 and, again following the traditions of his
family, received a commission with the foremost regiment of the Russian
Imperial Guard, the Preobrazhensky Regiment.
Following Mussorgsky's military commission, he
was able to meet many of the leading figures of Russia's artistic scene. In
October 1856, he met Alexander Borodin while they both served at a military
hospital in Saint Petersburg. More importantly, later that year he was
introduced to Alexander Dargomyzhsky, one of Russia's leading composers.
Dargomyzhsky was greatly impressed with Mussorgsky's piano playing.
Furthermore, through Dargomyzhsky, Mussorgsky made the acquaintance of César
Cui and Mily Balakirev. The latter became, at least for a time, a strong
influence on Mussorgsky. Balakirev, to the best of his abilities, began to fill
in the holes of Mussorgsky's musical knowledge and, within months of their
meeting, Mussorgsky resigned his commission to focus entirely on music. However,
he continued to hold several posts as a government official throughout his
In spite of his strong nationalism, Mussorgsky's
early music was very much influenced by foreign models, a result of Balakirev's
tutelage. With time, however, Mussorgsky depended less and less on Balakirev's
advice and instruction, teaching himself instead. In 1867, he completed the
original orchestral version of Night on
Bald Mountain, one of his most striking and well-known pieces. Balakirev's
opinion of the work, however, was not favorable and refused to conduct it.
Consequently, the work was not performed until after Mussorgsky's death. Around
this time, the term "kuchka" ("The Five") was first used to describe a group of
composer loosely circled around Balakirev, which included Mussorgsky, as well
as, César Cui, Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov and Alexander Borodin.
The peak of Mussorgsky's career came with the
opera Boris Godunov based on the life
of the Russian tsar. Based partly on a play by Alexander Pushkin, the original
version of the opera was rejected for performance. Mussorgsky then revised and
enlarged the opera. In its new version, the opera was accepted and three
excerpts were staged at the Mariinsky Theater in 1873. A full production of the
opera took place in January of the following year to much public success.
Godunov, Mussorgsky's career and life began to decline. He struggled
constantly with alcoholism. Though at times he seemed to keep his drinking
habits in check, Mussorgsky's generation viewed alcoholism as a revolt against
the establishment and was often idealized by its proponents. Nevertheless,
Mussorgsky remained somewhat productive for a time. In 1874, he composed his
most famous piece: the piano suite Pictures
at an Exhibition, in memory of his recently deceased friend the architect
Viktor Hartmann. Today, the work is best known in its orchestral arrangement by
Maurice Ravel. His decline, however, became increasing worse and in 1880,
Mussorgsky was dismissed from government service. The following year, he died
at the age of forty-two.
Copyright 2008-2014 Classical Connect, LLC<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>از خوردن Hamantaschen به مشاهده سریع Ester
همانند بسیاری از تعطیلات یهودیان، غذا در Purim نقش مهمی دارد. از خوردن hamantaschen و داشتن یک نوشیدنی (یا دو) برای مشاهده سریع استر، این تعطیل پر از آداب و رسوم مواد غذایی است.
سریع استر
روز قبل از پوریم، بعضی از یهودیان یک روز عادی را به عنوان " سریع استر" شناخته اند . کلمه "minor" هیچ ارتباطی با اهمیت سریع ندارد، بلکه به سرعت سریع اشاره دارد.
بر خلاف دیگر دفعاتی که 25 ساعت طول می کشد (به عنوان مثال، سریع یوم کیپور )، Fast Esther تنها از طلوع خورشید تا غروب خورشید ادامه می یابد. در طول این دوره زمانی، هر دو غذا و نوشیدنی محدودیت دارند.
Fast Esther از داستان Purim در کتاب استر است. با توجه به این داستان، زمانی که هامان پادشاه آرسوورس را متقاعد کرد تا تمام یهودیان را در قلمرو خود ببرد، عموزاده ملکه استر، موردخی، به او از برنامه های هامان گفت. او از او خواسته است که از مقام خود به عنوان ملکه برای برقراری ارتباط با پادشاه استفاده کند و از او بخواهد این اعدام را لغو کند. با این حال، ورود شاه به حضور بدون دعوت، جرم سرقت، حتی برای ملکه بود. استر تصمیم گرفت تا سه روز قبل از صحبت با پادشاه به سرعت و دعا بپردازد و از ملکهی و دیگر یهودیان در پادشاهی نیز خوشنود و دعا کند. در یادبود این سریع، روبن های قدیم دستور دادند که یهودیان از روزهای طلوع تا غروب خورشید روز قبل از پریم، جشن بگیرند.
غذاهای جشن، Hamantaschen و نوشیدنی
به عنوان بخشی از جشن خود، بسیاری از یهودیان از یک غذای جشن به نام Purim se'udah (غذا) لذت خواهند برد. غذاهای خاصی که باید در این غذای تعطیلات خدمت کنند وجود ندارد، اگرچه دسر معمولا شامل کوکی هایی مثل مثلثی به نام hamantaschen می باشد. این کوکی ها با مارمالاد میوه یا دانه خشخاش پر می شود و افرادی هستند که سالم هستند.
در اصل "mundtaschen"، به معنی "جیب poppyseed"، کلمه "hamantaschen" ییدیش برای "جیب های حمام" است. در اسرائیل، آنها "oznei همن" نامیده می شوند، به این معنی که "گوش های همسن" است.
سه دلیل برای شکل مثلثی hamantaschen وجود دارد. بعضی ها می گویند که آنها یک کلاه با اندازه مثلثی پوشیده شده توسط هامان، تبه کار در داستان پورییم هستند و ما آنها را به عنوان یادآوری می کنیم که طرح ترسناک او فاسد شده است. بعضی دیگر می گویند که آنها قدرت استرس و سه بنیانگذار یهودیت را نشان می دهند: ابراهیم، اسحاق و یعقوب. با این حال، توضیح دیگری فقط به "oznei Haman" اطلاق می شود. هنگامی که با این نام تماس گرفته می شود، کوکی ها به یک متد قدیمی از قطع گوش شنوندگان قبل از اعدام اشاره می کنند. اسم هر نامی، علت خوردن hamantaschen باقی می ماند. یادآوری اینکه چقدر مردم یهودی به تراژدی نزدیک شده اند و جشن می گیرند که ما فرار کردیم.
یکی از آداب و رسوم غیر معمول غذای مرتبط با Purim به شکل یک فرمان است که می گوید یهودیان بالغ باید نوشیدنی شوند، تا زمانی که آنها دیگر نمی توانند تفاوت بین پروردگارشان و لعنت بر هامان را بشنوند. این سنت عمدتا از تمایل به جشن گرفتن اینکه چگونه یهودیان، با وجود طرح هامان، زنده ماندند، به وجود می آید.
بسیاری از آنها، گرچه نه همه، بزرگسالان یهودی در این سنت شرکت می کنند. همانطور که رابی جوزف Telushkin آن را می گوید، "پس از همه، چقدر می تواند یک کار به طور معمول به عنوان اشتباه به عنوان اشتباه به حساب می آید و با اجرای یک فرمان اعتبار داده می شود؟"
ساخت منو میشلواه
Mishloach Manot هدیه ای از غذا و نوشیدنی است که یهودیان به عنوان بخشی از جشن پیرویم خود به یهودیان دیگر ارسال می کنند. همچنین Shalach Manot نامیده می شود، این هدایا اغلب در سبد یا جعبه های تزئینی بسته بندی می شوند. به طور سنتی، هر سبد / جعبه Mishloach Manot باید حاوی دو نوع غذای مختلف باشد که آماده غذا هستند. آجیل، میوه های خشک، شکلات، hamantaschen، میوه های تازه و نان موارد معمولی است. امروزه بسیاری از کنیسه ها، سازماندهی می کنند که میشلواه مانوت را برپا کنند، با تکیه بر داوطلبان برای کمک به تهیه و ارائه بسته هایی که برای خانواده ها، دوستان و همسایگان خود هماهنگ می شوند.
منابع
- > Telushkin، یوسف. سوادآموزی یهودی: مهمترین چیزهایی که باید درباره دین یهودیان، مردم خود و تاریخچه آن بدانید . ویلیام مروو: نیویورک، 2001.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Dünyanın en büyük ‘Şirinler’ buluşması için biraraya geldiler.
Mavi ve beyaz giyinmenin zorunlu olduğu, rekor katılımcının bulunduğu Şirinler festivalinde rekor Guinness yetkilileri tarafından önümüzdeki haftalarda onaylanacak.
Bir önceki rekor, 2009 yılında Galler’de 2 bin 510 katılımcı ile kırılmıştı.
1958’de Pierre Culliford (Peyo) tarafından Belçika’da tasarlanan Şirinler karakterleri, 60 yıldır çocukların ve yetişkinlerin sevdiği çizgi roman ve çizgi filmlerden biri.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>History of Korea
Part of a series on the
|History of Korea|
|Later Three Kingdoms|
|Unitary dynastic period|
|Division of Korea|
The Lower Paleolithic era in the Korean Peninsula began roughly half a million years ago. The earliest known Korean pottery dates to around 8000 BC, and the Neolithic period began after 6000 BC, followed by the Bronze Age by 800 BC, and the Iron Age around 400 BC.
The Gija Joseon was purportedly founded in 12th century BC, and its existence and role have been controversial in the modern era. The written historical record on Gojoseon can be found from early 7th century BC. The Jin state was formed in southern Korea by the 3rd century BC. In the 2nd century BC, Gija Joseon was replaced by Wiman Joseon, which fell to the Han China near the end of the century. This resulted in the fall of Gojoseon and led to succeeding warring states, the Proto–Three Kingdoms period that spanned the later Iron Age.
From the 1st century, Goguryeo, Baekje, and Silla grew to control the peninsula and Manchuria as the Three Kingdoms of Korea (57 BC – 668 AD), until unification by Silla in 676. In 698, Dae Jo-yeong established Balhae in old territories of Goguryeo, which led to the North South States Period (698–926). In the late 9th century, Silla was divided into the Later Three Kingdoms (892–936), which ended with the unification by Wang Geon's Goryeo dynasty. Meanwhile, Balhae fell after invasions by the Khitan Liao dynasty and the refugees including the last crown prince emigrated to Goryeo, where the crown prince was warmly welcomed and included into the ruling family by Wang Geon, thus unifying the two successor states of Goguryeo. During the
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etti.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Missouri named after the Missouri Siouan Indian tribe meaning "town of the large canoes", is a central state in the United States. It's border physically touches a total of eight different states. It is bounded on the north by Iowa; on the east, across the Mississippi River, by Illinois, Kentucky, and Tennessee; on the south by Arkansas; and on the west by Oklahoma, Kansas, and Nebraska (the latter across the Missouri River.) The Mississippi and Missouri rivers are the two large rivers which flow through this state. North of the Missouri River lie the Northern Plains that stretch into Iowa, Nebraska and Kansas. Here, gentle rolling hills remain behind from a glacier that once had extended from the north to the Missouri River.
Southern Missouri is the home of the Ozark Mountains, a dissected plateau surrounding the Precambrian igneous St. Francois Mountains. The southeastern part of the state is home to the Bootheel, part of the Mississippi Alluvial Plain or Mississippi embayment. This region is the lowest, flattest and wettest part of the state, and among the poorest. It is also the most fertile.
Missouri has a continental climate, but with considerable local and regional variation. The average annual temperature is 50°F in the northwest, but about 60°F in the southeast. The average annual precipitation for Kansas City is approx. 40 in, with some rain or snow falling about 110 days a year. The heaviest precipitation is in the southeast. During the winter, northwest winds prevail; the air movement is largely from the south and southeast during the rest of the year. Springtime is the peak tornado season.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Secondo quanto riferito dalla fonte Eric Schmidt, presidente di Google, ha un sacco di soldi. E quando le persone hanno un sacco di soldi, si annoiano. E cosa si fa quando ci si annoia?
Beh, acquistare case ad esempio. Schmidt ha speso la bellezza di 22 milioni di dollari per una nuova proprietà ad Hollywood grande 1,3 ettari e situata a pochi passi dalla famosa Playboy Mansion di Hugh Hefner. Tra gli altri vicini di casa troviamo altri personaggi di rilievo quali Jimmy Iovine e Petra Ecclestone, proprietaria della Aaron Spelling Manor.
Non che questa debba essere considerata una notizia di rilievo, sia chiaro, ma è curioso lasciarsi andare ogni tanto per scoprire qualche particolarità riguardo la vita privata dei personaggi di cui parliamo ogni giorno.
Vi ricordiamo inoltre che Schmidt è attualmente alla 49esima posizione tra i più ricchi del mondo con un patrimonio di circa 8,3 miliardi di dollari.
Di seguito alcune foto del suo nuovo ed immenso palazzo:
Via | BGR<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>OSMANLI DEVLETİNDE MERKEZDEN YÖNETİMİN TAŞRA İDARESİ
Özet
Osmanlı Devletinde merkezden yönetimin taşra idaresi" ni anlatabilmek ve sağlıklı değerlendirmeler yapabilmek için Osmanlı sisteminin iki temel özelliğini ortaya koymak gerekmektedir. Bu özelliklerden birincisi Osmanlı taşra teşkilatı ve toprak düzeninin idari ve hukuki zorunluluklar sonucu birbiriyle sıkı bir ilişki içinde olmasıdır. Aslında Osmanlı Devletinde siyasi, sosyal, askeri ve iktisadi yapı toprak düzeni üzerinde şekillenmiştir. Kısacası, toprak rejimi, Osmanlı Devleti'nin örgütsel temelini oluşturmuştur. Başka arazi türleri de bulunmakla beraber1 devlete asıl özelliğini veren miri arazi rejimi olmuştur. Miri arazi rakabesi (çıplak mülkiyeti) devlete ait olmak üzere, tasarruf hakkı muayyen bir bedel mukabilinde devlet tarafından reayaya süresiz olarak verilmiş, özel deyimi ile tefviz edilmiş arazidir2. Miri arazi beraberinde tımar veya dirlik sistemi denilen bir uygulamayı da getirmiştir. Dirlik veya tımar, devletin miri araziden belirli bir kısmının yıllık gelirinin tamamını veya bir kısmını, belli hizmetler mukabilinde bir şahsa tevcih etmesidir
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Bu eser Creative Commons Atıf 4.0 Uluslararası Lisansı ile lisanslanmıştır.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>新西兰华裔学生取得英语世界顶尖成绩2022年7月19日
中国侨网2月18日电 据新西兰天维网综合编译报道，新西兰奥克兰华裔学生Justin Yang不仅是新西兰年级英语水平的佼佼者，他还收获英语世界顶尖成绩。
这位就读于Avondale College的11年级的学生在剑桥大学国际英语考试中大获全胜，拿到了99%的成绩。
他表示，虽然世界各地可能有其他人也拿到了99%的分数，但没有人达到100%。
他的作文其中一篇写的是他今年读过的一首诗，另一篇写的是一本小说，还有两篇写的是戏剧。
“我写的是我对文学作品的感受和我对它的看法，我觉得那样会很好，但我没想到自己的成绩会这么好。”
“我很兴奋，因为我从来没有想过得到这么好的分数。我并没有期待自己能登上新西兰之巅或世界之巅。”
“目标是100分，没有期望着一定要到100分，但为之努力了，比如我取得了优异的成绩，即使在学校生涯中没有达到100分，但我也会对此非常满意。”
“我想‘prowess威力’这个词在这里很合适，就像能力被运用到英语中一样，我真的很喜欢它。”(Charlona)<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Bolts and nuts in a variety of types and sizes are necessary for anything from machinery to construction equipment to automobiles. From screws and washers to fasteners and rivets, these supplies are available at home improvement stores or online. Buy in bulk from wholesalers to get lots of supplies, like hex bolts and anchors, at once. They come in many different durable materials, such as stainless steel, chrome, aluminum, and brass, used in conjunction with wood or cables. Check out these top terms for bolts and nuts.
Screw Threads – Helical structures that switch between rotational and linear movement. The ridge wraps around a helix shaped cylinder or cone, called a straight thread and tapered thread, respectively.
U bolts – Metal fixings that resemble the letter U in shape, featuring a pin or screw bolt closure that ensures a closed clamp.
Lock Nuts – A type of nut that fits into a piece of pipe and screws onto another pipe, joining the two.
Carriage Bolts – Large bolts featuring a round head, used in applying wooden panels.
Lag Bolts – Driven in with a wrench, these heavy woodscrews feature a square or hexagonal head.
Cap Screws – Threaded screws that fasten and join parts in construction and machine design, secured with screw threads.
Flange – A rim or collar that juts out on a wheel or pipe, with the main purpose of strengthening an object in place or to another object.
Rivets – Metal bolts or pins that hold two metal plates together. They are inserted through aligned holes and hammered on one end to make a second head.
Eye bolts – Used to attach cables, eye bolts are screws with a loop on one end and threads on the other.
Nuts and bolts come in a variety of types and sizes. Other fasteners such as screws and rivets are often sold alongside them. Fasteners also include washers and other plumbing supplies.
Most are made of metal. Wooden pegs are used by carpenters and in constructing all wood buildings. Plastic screws may sometimes be used. The metals used are most often stainless steel, aluminum or brass. Chrome plating is sometimes used when a fastener is highly visible.
Nuts are generally tightened onto their bolts using a socket wrench. Some may be hand tightened. This type of nut generally has wings. The most common kind of nut is the hex nut, with a six sided shape. Square nuts are also found, as are ones with flanges. Cap nuts have domed tops, and are sometimes used for appearance. Although nuts are sometimes hand tightened, tools are generally used to provide extra torque and secure them more thoroughly.
There are also various kinds of bolts including eye bolts and anchor bolts. Most bolts have a 'male' thread, with the thread on the outside. Rarely a 'female' thread, on the inside of the bolt, is used in conjunction with a second bolt or screw. Eye bolts are often used to run rope for lifting items.
Nuts and bolts are generally intended for purposes where the fastener needs to be relatively easily undone. Permanent fastening is generally done with rivets. It is also possible to lock a nut to a bolt by various means, some of which are permanent.
Nuts and bolts may be measured in Imperial or metric sizes. Some are made for very specific purposes, such as connecting rod bolts found in car engines. Carriage bolts and lag bolts are generally used to secure wood.
Most nuts, bolts and fasteners are machine made.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>SSR air blowers is the core equipment in sewage treatment process, which directly determines its effect and energy consumption. In the biological wastewater treatment process,ssr air blowers is mainly used to increase oxygen in the aeration tank to promote the growth of aerobic microorganisms. Through their metabolism, the suspended solids, dissolved organic matter and nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus are decomposed to achieve the purpose of sewage treatment. It is the core equipment of sewage treatment plant. ssr air blowers is the best choice in sewage treatment.
In the current sewage treatment industry, aeration is also the most environmentally friendly and economical way. Its principle and the composition of the equipment are briefly described. The working principle of sewage treatment ssr air blowers as follows:
1. In the process of treatment, in order to maintain the life activities of microorganisms, a certain amount of dissolved oxygen must be ensured in the water, that is, aeration is to continuously inject air into the water, or use mechanical stirring to dissolve oxygen in the air into the water.
2. The function of its blower in water treatment aeration is to provide a good ecological environment for the main structures of sewage biological treatment.
Before the ventilation operation of the sewage treatment blower, the ventilation test should be carried out first. Before ventilation, the high-pressure fan should be started first, and 50% of the fan’s air volume should be turned on to send it to the aeration pipe of the biochemical tank for detection. The welding installation quality of all joints of the pipeline should be checked. If it is not easy to detect, soap water should be used for detection. At this time, special attention should be paid to fan operation, such as return The rotary fan can not operate without load. When there is no pressure on the lubricating oil of the fan, the lubricating oil can not be recycled automatically, and the fan has the risk of running without oil. Therefore, during the leakage test, the proper amount of lubricating oil should be added continuously from the air inlet to make the blower run normally.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Are Mushrooms Antioxidants?
The mushroom is a fungus with fleshy bearings produced above ground, mostly on top of an element it feeds on. Mushrooms come in diversified shapes and sizes, and edible mushrooms are popularly loved for their tastiness, unique flavor, and health benefits, more prominently, their antioxidant content.
When digesting food to produce energy, our body releases free radicals. These are oxygen atoms with electrons that threaten the human body as they can attack cells, DNA strands, and anything in our bodies that they come in contact with.
Damage done by free radicals impacts how a person ages and contributes to degenerative illnesses associated with age.
Edible mushrooms contain the highest quantity of antioxidants, especially ergothioneine and glutathione, which are a boost against age-related degenerative diseases.
Hence, edible mushrooms as a source of antioxidants are essential to the body in fighting and neutralizing the free radicals that the body produces.
- Mushrooms are a rich source of antioxidants, including ergothioneine and glutathione, which protect against free radicals and age-related diseases.
- Beta-glucans in mushrooms regulate blood sugar and may improve cardiac health.
- Mushrooms provide B vitamins, copper, and potassium for various health benefits.
Nutritional Benefits of Mushrooms
A study by Dr. Anaya Mandal concluded that mushrooms contain a high level of ergothioneine and glutathione, which are both antioxidants. This is also backed up by scientists in Food Chemistry like Robert Beelman.
As previously explained, antioxidants protect the body from free radicals that attack human cells.
While antioxidants are found in foods like oat and beans, the presence of these two antioxidants in such high quantity in mushrooms makes them the richest and healthiest source of ergothioneine and glutathione. Reishi mushrooms are one of the richest mushrooms with these anti-aging properties.
These antioxidants present in mushrooms prevent critical conditions caused by the damaging effect of free radicals on human cells.
Beta-glucan functions to regulate the blood sugar levels in a person’s body. This is a soluble dietary fiber that has been nutritionally tied with enhancing cholesterol and cardiac health. As a stable substance in mushrooms and considering its regulating functions, beta-glucan fiber is used by many patients with diabetes.
Mushroom species like oyster and shiitake have high amounts of beta-glucan fiber in them.
Mushrooms are a healthy source of B vitamins. They contain niacin, riboflavin, and pantothenic acid, which all help in enhancing cardiac health. Niacin functions to rejuvenate the skin and improve digestion; riboflavin enhances red blood cells and pantothenic acid assists in producing body hormones while enhancing a balanced nervous system.
Copper is an essential mineral to overall human development as it enhances nerves and bone health. Moreover, just as some elements of B vitamins, copper helps reproduce red blood cells. These red blood cells function as circulators of oxygen all through the body.
A serving of mushrooms contains about 0.5 mg of copper. After cooking, a cup of mushrooms delivers one-third of an individual’s daily copper needs.
Potassium is an essential component of healthy living and feeding. This substance is critical to muscle, heart, and nerve functions. The portobello mushroom is one of the most nutritious potassium sources, with two-thirds of a cup containing the same potassium range as a banana.
Are All Mushrooms an Antioxidant?
Mushrooms are an excellent dietary source of fiber, antioxidants, and protein. Considering the high levels of ergothioneine and glutathione that have been found in them, mushrooms are essential carriers of antioxidant substances.
Although different species of fungus have varying levels of these antioxidants in them, researchers have concluded that mushrooms remain the highest edible source of these substances.
How do Dietary Antioxidants Help?
Dietary antioxidants are elements in food that reduce the effect of free radicals. These antioxidants are essential and effective substances for enhancing human health and the prevention of several degenerative age-related diseases associated with the side effects of free radicals.
Vitamin E and vitamin C are dietary antioxidants that protect the body from these free radicals and their effects. Moreover, plant-based foods are usually the best sources of dietary antioxidants. They can be gotten in fruits, vegetables, grains, nuts, seeds, etc.
Mushrooms are a great source of dietary antioxidants as they mostly contain high amounts of ergothioneine and glutathione. Moreover, like mushrooms, most fruits and vegetables high in antioxidants are also rich in fiber.
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and get 10% off your first order.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Buttons aren't just useful for fastening clothes together. They are decorative items in their own right and the number and variety seems infinite. They first became important in the Middle Ages when flowing robes gave way to close-fitting garments for the first time. Buttons were used to pull the fabric together into the desired shape. As time went by,the quantity,quality and design of buttons became a status symbol for the wearer. There were buttons of gold, silver, ivory and enamel, hand-painted buttons and buttons of diamonds, emeralds and rubies. Debts could be paid by snipping a precious button from a garment, and it is said that when Henry VIII met Francis I of France in 1520, they were wearing 26,000 buttons between them, each with its own buttonhole.
It is said that the origin of sleeve buttons goes back to Napoloeonic times, when they were used as a means of discouraging soldiers from wiping their noses on their sleeves !<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>صدای نهاوند:
بودجه ۱۶۴ میلیارد تومانی سال آینده شهرداری نهاوند تقدیم شورای اسلامی شهر شد.
به گزارش صدای نهاوند، بودجه سال ۱۴۰۲ مبتنی بر حرکت در مسیر عدالت و توسعه متوازن و ارائه خدمات در سطح شهر و حل مشکلات چندین ساله در ادامه اقدامات ۱۴۰۱ با رعایت موارد و موازین ذیل تدوین گردیده است.
✔️ اجرایی شدن صددرصد خزانه داری
✔️تکمیل پروژه های نیمه تمام
✔️پاسخ حداکثری
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- tuttavia, i farmaci dovrebbero essere somministrati ai bambini (specialmente quelli con patologia del fegato, del pancreas e delle vie biliari) solo sotto la completa supervisione di un medico.
Avvelenamento con prodotti chimici domestici
La pancreatite tossica è la forma più pericolosa della malattia, che in più della metà dei casi è accompagnata da una condizione grave causata dalla comparsa di ascessi, emorragie nella ghiandola. Sfortunatamente, sono i bambini ad essere attratti dalle confezioni dai colori vivaci che sono spesso avvelenati dai prodotti chimici domestici, un veleno mortale che si trova in ogni casa. Le sostanze pericolose includono acidi, alcali, alcoli, acetone, benzene, naftalene e altre sostanze che fanno parte della pulizia, detergenti e disinfettanti che possono essere trovati sullo scaffale della hostess. Per prevenire l'avvelenamento, i prodotti chimici domestici devono essere conservati fuori dalla portata dei bambini e rimossi immediatamente dopo l'uso..
Trauma addominale
Le lesioni addominali, così comuni nei bambini, danneggiano regolarmente gli organi interni, compreso il pancreas. Come risultato di un grave trauma, è possibile gonfiore o addirittura rottura dell'organo. Il trauma, a seconda della natura del colpo, può essere accompagnato da emorragia tissutale e infiammazione acuta. Sfortunatamente, difficilmente sarà possibile eliminare completamente le lesioni..
In caso di forte dolore nella regione epigastrica, sindrome addominale acuta, vomito dopo un colpo o addome contuso, i genitori dovrebbero portare il bambino in ospedale il prima possibile, riducendo la probabilità di conseguenze negative per la sua vita e salute.
Anomalie congenite del pancreas
I difetti nella struttura del pancreas, che possono portare a pancreatite acuta, includono una violazione dello sviluppo dei dotti, le loro forme atipiche (spirale, a forma di ansa), il sottosviluppo dell'organo, nonché la fibrosi cistica - fibrosi cistica congenita, accompagnata dall'ispessimento di tutti i liquidi nel corpo, incluso Succo pancreatico. In alcuni casi, un intervento chirurgico o (per la fibrosi cistica) una dieta equilibrata aiuterà a prevenire lo sviluppo della malattia.
Malattie delle vie biliari
Le malattie delle vie biliari possono essere facilmente rilevate utilizzando gli ultrasuoni quando un bambino lamenta dolore addominale ricorrente, nausea e vomito. A volte la malattia viene rilevata per caso, in assenza di sintomi. La discinesia delle vie biliari, accompagnata da spasmi, porta all'interruzione del flusso della bile, che viene lanciata nei dotti del pancreas e attiva i suoi enzimi. Inoltre, l'insorgenza di pancreatite nella fase acuta è accompagnata da calcoli nei dotti biliari, specialmente sullo sfondo dell'aggiunta di altri fattori provocatori (abuso di cibo spazzatura, infezioni virali, ecc.). Per prevenire una complicanza, è necessario affrontare il trattamento delle vie biliari - mediante intervento chirurgico, dieta, assunzione di farmaci coleretici, terapia antielmintica o altri metodi raccomandati dal medico.
Assunzione eccessiva di vitamina D.
Nonostante gli evidenti benefici della vitamina D per l'organismo, il suo utilizzo in dosi elevate (una volta o per lungo tempo) può minacciare il pancreas di infiammazioni acute dovute all'aumentata secrezione di enzimi. Affinché i benefici della vitamina non si trasformino in danni, i genitori dovrebbero osservare rigorosamente i tassi di assunzione raccomandati per il bambino ed evitare anche un consumo eccessivo di pesce grasso e latticini..
Infestazioni da vermi e lamblia
Sfortunatamente, i casi di infestazioni da elminti tra i bambini non sono rari (secondo l'OMS, più del 50% dei bambini dell'asilo è infetto). L'ascariasi e la giardiasi si verificano sullo sfondo dell'immunità non ancora formata del bambino e causano molte condizioni gravi, inclusa la pancreatite reattiva. Quindi, la lamblia può ridurre significativamente l'attività della secrezione pancreatica, che, se gravemente infetta, può portare a gravi infiammazioni della ghiandola. La causa del suo stato edematoso è anche la penetrazione meccanica degli ascaridi nel dotto pancreatico e biliare simultaneamente, che in alcuni casi (meno del 13%) porta alla morte. Tuttavia, le misure per prevenire l'ascariasi e la giardiasi sono semplici: osservare l'igiene, bere solo acqua bollita, non nuotare in serbatoi dubbi ed eseguire periodicamente una profilassi antielmintica in relazione al bambino, ai genitori e a tutti gli animali che vivono in casa.
Infezioni batteriche e virali
Alcune infezioni batteriche e virali che influenzano negativamente la funzione secretoria dell'organo possono portare a una condizione pericolosa per la vita causata da edema del pancreas. Il meccanismo di sviluppo della pancreatite in questo caso non è l'auto-digestione della ghiandola, ma la distruzione delle sue cellule da parte dei prodotti dell'infiammazione. Tali malattie includono la varicella, la febbre tifoide, la sifilide, il morbillo, la tubercolosi, l'influenza virale, l'epatite virale e alcuni altri disturbi. È possibile prevenire la complicazione delle infezioni sotto forma di pancreatite reattiva con un trattamento tempestivo e adeguato delle malattie e vale anche la pena adottare misure che aumentino l'immunità del bambino.
Pancreatite reattiva in un bambino
Nell'infanzia, il corpo non ha ancora resistito completamente alla comparsa di varie malattie infettive e virali, comprese le manifestazioni del tratto gastrointestinale. L'uso scorretto di cibo o medicinali che possono causare fattori irritanti sul pancreas porta al fatto che nei bambini si verifica un attacco reattivo di pancreatite. Spesso ha una fase acuta di sviluppo, che si manifesta con sintomi pronunciati e il verificarsi di effetti collaterali sul corpo del bambino.
La malattia durante l'infanzia non è un tipo separato di patologia, ma funge da conseguenza pronunciata di malattie virali, avvelenamento, proprietà genetiche congenite del corpo.
Cos'è la pancreatite reattiva
Per capire cos'è la pancreatite in via di sviluppo reattiva in un bambino, è necessario comprendere le ragioni del suo verificarsi. Il corpo non sviluppato dei bambini ha un sistema immunitario debole, quindi è suscettibile agli attacchi di malattie virali e infettive, come ARVI, infezioni respiratorie acute, tonsillite e infiammazione intestinale. Tra le malattie elencate, un ruolo speciale è dato ai processi collaterali che causano. In effetti, in giovane età, i processi collaterali risultanti portano allo sviluppo di malattie per l'intero sistema del tratto gastrointestinale. Cos'è la pancreatite reattiva nei bambini?
La pancreatite, che ha la forma di sviluppo reattivo, oltre alla componente infettiva della malattia, sarà scatenata dalla malnutrizione e da un attacco acuto di avvelenamento. Questi fattori, avendo un effetto irritante sul pancreas e sulla digestione, provocano un'infiammazione nei dotti per il succo pancreatico, che determina un blocco parziale o completo del canale per il rilascio di enzimi e succo digestivo al duodeno. Accumulandosi nei dotti, derivante dalla pressione interna del pancreas, cambia direzione verso la ghiandola e si attiva. Iniziando a corrodere le pareti dei vasi sanguigni, degli organi, dei tessuti connettivi.
Il focus emergente dell'infiammazione con un sistema immunitario debole del bambino inizia a diffondersi, interessando nuovi organi, vasi sanguigni. In assenza di terapia per la patologia insorta, il possibile sviluppo è la formazione di peritonite, necrosi dei tessuti e degli organi, che sviluppa ulteriormente malattie oncologiche.
Nel trattamento della pancreatite reattiva, viene utilizzato uno schema di recupero generale, come nel trattamento dell'infiammazione acuta del pancreas.
La terapia comprende le principali attività:
- rispetto rigoroso delle norme dietetiche di consumo alimentare;
- sollievo dai sintomi della malattia della pancreatite reattiva;
- prescrivere farmaci contenenti enzimi prodotti dal pancreas;
- rimozione di fattori irritanti dalla ghiandola, utilizzando metodi alternativi di trattamento.
- La forma reattiva della pancreatite, secondo le statistiche, appare e predomina principalmente nei bambini e negli adolescenti, che è principalmente associata a malnutrizione, avvelenamento.
Sintomi
La comparsa di pancreatite reattiva non è di buon auspicio per il bambino, è accompagnata da edema infiammatorio dei tessuti del pancreas, blocco dello sfintere. Questo blocco contribuisce al ristagno nei dotti del succo pancreatico, enzimi, che porta ulteriormente a malattie croniche collaterali.
I segni nei bambini con pancreatite reattiva richiedono uno studio attento e una diagnosi accurata per un trattamento produttivo. I principali sintomi della pancreatite reattiva sono:
- dolore all'ombelico;
- rilascio di vomito, riflessi del vomito;
- aumento del dolore in posizione supina;
- aumento della temperatura corporea del bambino fino a 38 * C;
- diarrea con cibo indigeribile;
- una fioritura bianco-grigiastra sulla lingua;
- bocca asciutta;
- irritabilità del bambino;
- letargia.
Questi sintomi sono precursori dell'infiammazione nel pancreas..
Più piccoli sono i bambini, più deboli sono i sintomi della pancreatite reattiva. Ai primi segni di una manifestazione di malattia di pancreatite, contatta urgentemente il tuo medico curante.
Nei neonati, la manifestazione della pancreatite reattiva è accompagnata da pianto continuo e febbre. Può verificarsi vomito, ma questo sintomo si verifica più nei bambini di età superiore a 3 anni. I sintomi emergenti della pancreatite reattiva in un bambino richiedono una diagnosi e un trattamento completi, nonché un sollievo dai sintomi. Spesso, con esacerbazioni nel pancreas, si verifica una pancreatopatia reattiva. Cosa significa la diagnosi di pancreatopatia reattiva in un bambino??
La pancreatopatia reattiva alla malattia è una diagnosi che viene effettuata quando il pancreas non funziona correttamente senza infiammazione. Nasce da un effetto diretto sull'organo della ghiandola dei prodotti alimentari, forse a causa di effetti collaterali di malattie infettive, allergie alimentari. La pancreatopatia reattiva crea spasmi nel pancreas, che causano il malfunzionamento della ghiandola. Nell'infanzia, si manifesta in questi casi:
- violazioni delle regole di alimentazione complementare;
- prendere succhi d'uva;
- mangiare prodotti a base di carne;
- l'aggiunta di spezie e condimenti al cibo.
Questi disturbi fanno sì che il bambino abbia gas abbondante, dolore nell'intestino e una violazione della produzione di enzimi pancreatici. Le continue sensazioni dolorose sottolineano l'obbligo di consultare un pediatra curante, gastroenterologo.
C'è anche un altro tipo di malattia del pancreas: il dispancreatismo. La malattia che si è manifestata in un bambino, i neonati, è il dispancreatismo, non differisce da un'altra malattia come la pancreatopatia reattiva o la pancreatite acuta, che crea difficoltà nel fare la diagnosi corretta. Il quadro clinico dello sviluppo della patologia è lo stesso, ad eccezione dell'assenza di temperatura e dolore nel dispancreatismo.
Diagnostica e trattamento
La comparsa di segni e sintomi ti obbliga a chiedere urgentemente consiglio al tuo medico, poiché la pancreatite in qualsiasi forma richiede il ricovero in ospedale. Ma prima vengono eseguite misure diagnostiche e vengono stabilite la diagnosi e le cause della patologia. L'elenco dei test necessari per sospetta pancreatite:
- chimica del sangue;
- Ecografia addominale;
- anche per determinare la diagnosi, viene prescritta la tomografia computerizzata degli organi interni.
Accade che con la terapia intensiva non si verifichi alcun miglioramento, quindi è necessario un appello a un oncologo, che prescriverà un'analisi aggiuntiva: una biopsia.
Una diagnosi stabilita e confermata di pancreatite reattiva nei bambini richiede un trattamento con regole dietetiche di assunzione di cibo e terapia farmacologica. Durante il trattamento, si osserva l'uso complesso di medicinali: antibiotici, agenti contenenti enzimi, complessi vitaminici. La sequenza e lo schema di utilizzo sono prescritti dal medico, in base ai risultati del test ottenuti.
Il trattamento farmacologico è diretto a:
- sollievo dal dolore;
- aiuto nel lavoro del tratto digestivo;
- rimozione di tossine e sostanze nocive dal corpo;
- migliorare il sistema immunitario.
Nel componente con farmaci è prescritto cibo dietetico.
Prevenzione
Con la pancreatite reattiva nei bambini, la prevenzione inizia con una corretta assunzione di cibo e norme dietetiche. Al momento di mangiare, è vietato mangiare un'enorme quantità di cibo in una sola seduta. Si consiglia di rompere i ricevimenti 6-7 volte al giorno in piccole porzioni.
Gli adulti sono tenuti a cambiare gradualmente la loro dieta e rimuovere cibi nocivi contenenti coloranti artificiali e additivi, sostituendoli con frutti sani contenenti vitamine.
Se sospetti un malfunzionamento del tratto gastrointestinale, consulta il tuo medico, che renderà possibile, in caso di malattia, prendere rapidamente misure per eliminare.
Secondo il dottor Komarovsky, con l'infiammazione del pancreas, la pancreatite reattiva nei bambini è merito dei genitori. Per escludere completamente la patologia e la comparsa di possibili complicazioni, osservare una dieta corretta e sana.
I principi di una buona alimentazione
La regola principale nel trattamento è la dieta corretta per la pancreatite:
- esclusione di irritanti pancreatici dalla dieta;
- il cibo è cotto a vapore, cotto;
- tutto il cibo è costituito da una sostanza pastosa (grattugiata);
- ridurre il consumo di cibi grassi e carboidrati;
- aumento della frequenza di mangiare fino a 6-7 volte al giorno, in piccole porzioni.
Il primo giorno dopo un attacco di pancreatite, si raccomanda un'astinenza rigorosa per 2-3 giorni di alimentazione. Durante questo periodo, è consentito assumere decotti di rosa selvatica, camomilla, acqua minerale senza gas.
Solo dopo aver superato la soglia di esacerbazione della pancreatite dalla fame, puoi iniziare gradualmente a usare cibo dietetico, cibo.
La dieta necessaria per la pancreatite promuove il ripristino del pancreas e accelera il recupero.
Complicazioni
Questa malattia richiede una diagnosi tempestiva e l'inizio della terapia. Questo è l'unico modo per evitare lo sviluppo di effetti collater
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resulting in attainment of higher energy use efficienciesm minimixation of wasteful practices.
WAYS TO CONSERVE OIL AND GAS IN OUR DAILY LIFE:
generated from oil, coal or gas. Conservation measures have not stopped the increasing demand for energy use and the supply of these non-renewable resources is decreasing. Without interventions our country will face economic breakdown and a possible shortage of the food supply. Most of the oil and natural...
Wildlife conservation is the practice of protecting wild plant and animal species and their habitats. Among the goals of wildlife conservation are to ensure that nature will be around for future generations to enjoy and to recognize the importance of wildlife and wilderness lands to humans. Many...
expensive. Nonrenewable energy is the type of energy that is produced by coal, oil, natural gas, and nuclear energy, which all could be harmful to both humans and the environment. Each of you here tonight can help with the conservation of energy. What all of you can do to help in this is whenever possible walk...
What is Conservation? Conservation is the use of less energy. The reduction or avoidance of energy loss, or waste by various means (Webster). Almost everyone across the globe uses energy everyday. Energy is used to power transportation, it is used to produce the food that we eat, energy is used for...
HomeExamples and SamplesIs Oil and Gas Conservation Relevant?
Is Oil and Gas Conservation Relevant?
Oil and natural gas are non-renewable sources of energy. There have been numerous attempts to minimize the depletion of these two resources. Scientists have proposed many reasons for the high importance...
About the oil press of "core competence is not single refers to the technology, also includes a host of other aspects, such as brand, service and so on."Since 2008, efforts to rebuild the system cut off the low end of the machine tool manufacturing, into outsourcing, palm oil plantwill market service...
The purpose of wildlife conservation is to protect wild flora and fauna against the encroachment of expanding human activity. The planet’s human population grew by 1.6 billion people, between 1990 and 2010 (30% growth rate). The ever increasing amount of commercial activity that this brings with associated...
Edible oil refining technology has become mature, but the environmental pollution and energy consumption problem is still outstanding, the introduction of high-end devices, though can achieve energy conservation and emissions reduction, but not fundamentally improved.Aiming at these problems, mainly...
in the world we face today is energy conservation and finding alternate sources of energy or renewable energy sources to ease our dependence on foreign sources and non renewable energy sources. The world is consuming oil at an alarming rate and the price of oil keeps sky rocketing and it doesn’t seem...
Energy generation and environmental conservation are the twin issues arising from exploitative interaction of man with natural resources. Report of the International Energy Agency contains a simple but remarkable statement: “Investment in energy conservation at the margin provides a better return...
Energy Conservation In Your Life
Grade Nine Science - Electricity Unit
Toyota & Waterloo Region Education Alliance
Toyota Motor Manufacturing Canada Waterloo Catholic District School Board Waterloo Region District School Board © May 2005 NO PART OF THIS DOCUMENT MAY BE REPRODUCED...
not ignore the body of conservation. Safely summer, rest, is a priority to protect the body, light diet, calmly but can not be ignored. Corn Oil, Green natural,ragrance is not greasy, cool in the summer with your summer.
Unlike conventional oil, derived from corn germ corn oil has a different kind of...
operation of the OIL EXTRACTION MACHINE is inseparable from the conservation and protection. Most customers don’t put the oil extraction machine into use immediately for various reasons after buying the machine back, just put them aside without the mood to protect them regularly, which leads that oil extraction...
planet that we live on. But there is something that we can all do to assist in preserving our planet for the future and that is energy conservation. Energy conservation in vital to our lives and keeping our planet beautiful for our children and grandchildren. In the last 10 years energy prices have risen...
fittings for the protection of agricultural ecological environment and realize sustainable development of agriculture, the most efficient use and conservation of agricultural resources, improve agricultural productivity and agricultural commodity rate, maintaining agriculture's competitiveness in the international...
Discharged into rivers and streams from homes and public buildings
-pollutes the water
-may cause diseases like cholera & typhoid
Leaking oil pipelines and tanks
-cuts off oxygen supply from aquatic organisms
-kills plants and animals
-destroys farm lands
Heavy metals e.g. lead...
that natural resources can be available for the future generations. The consumption of non renewable sources impacts the environment causing energy conservation to be important. Renewable energy offers unlimited power that is generated by natural process of wind, water, sun, plant growth, and the heat from...
Energy Efficient Equipment
Axia College-University of Phoenix
Energy conservation is reduction in amount of energy consumed, whereas energy efficiency is using less energy for any constant service. Both are energy reduction techniques. Energy conservation results in increased environmental quality, personal financing security and national security. The Energy efficiency...
A Major Part of the Solution to Energy Generation and
U. C. Irvine Physics and Astronomy
Why Us (U.S.)?
With 5% of the world’s population, the U.S. uses 26% of the world’s energy.
A U.S. resident consumes 12,000 kWh of electricity...
SMALL SCALE OIL REFINERY PLANT
Type:Crude oil refinery plant
Processing Capacity: 1 ~ 5T / D
Processing Material:: palm oil,palm kernel oil, peanut oil, rapeseed oil, cottonseed oil, sunflower oil, corn germ oil, animal oil etc.
Small scale oil refining plant Introduction:
Soybean oil refining by-products was used to extract the natural tocopherol as food antioxidants and the market of all kinds of food additives and other commonly used antioxidants are compared, and the oxidation resistance of natural tocopherol, antioxidant activity were studied.It is concluded that...
Running head: ENERGY CONSERVATION
With energy a scarce resource people across the world need to look at lifestyle changes to protect it around the globe. From driving less, to turning off a light in a room that is deserted, there are simple steps that...
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE |
Energy Electricity Conservation Management |
Research Paper |
In this age of super technology wherein the pollution threat is increasing with the scientific development everyday; establishment of Eco-green hotels plays a wonderful role in pacifying...
South African Journal of Botany 76 (2010) 652 – 654 www.elsevier.com/locate/sajb
Chemical composition of the wood and leaf oils from the “Clanwilliam Cedar” (Widdringtonia cedarbergensis J.A. Marsh): A critically endangered species
G.P.P. Kamatou a , A.M. Viljoen a,⁎, T. Özek...
OIL & GAS MANAGEMENT ESSAY
MODULE NAME: Oil & Gas Management
MODULE CODE: POD212
STUDENT ID : 31575
FULL NAME : Olivia Akinwunmi Streets
BP, originally called the Anglo-Persian Oil Company is a multinational firm...
The difference between conservation and preservation is that conservationist wants to protect the environment but still be able to utilize for themselves just as the same. They manage the resources so that it will develop but they will still be able to use the plentiful product that comes along with...
conservation of natural resources
conservation of natural resources, the wise use of the earth's resources by humanity. The term conservation came into use in the late 19th cent. and referred to the management, mainly for economic reasons, of such valuable natural resources as timber, fish, game,...
more trees. They help in absorbing excess carbon dioxide.
• Observe World Environment Day (5th June).
• Never dispose left over chemicals, oils, or other harmful substances down the drain, or dump them under the ground, or in water bodies or burn them in the garden. This causes pollution.
Conservation versus Preservation
01 Oct 2013
Conservation versus Preservation
This week I had the opportunity to learn the differences and importance of both the conservation and preservation efforts at play in today’s environment...
I.Energy conservation is a very practical idea that will improve the standard of living for everyone in the long run. My concern with the conservation of natural energy sources is that our future generations will suffer if we do not act now to not only conserve our resources, but explore...
poverty, improper solid waste management, rapid costal development, and the recent discovery of crude oil (Young, 2008). According to Young (2008), “there are a number of other issues that impact conservation as well as the ability to conserve natural resources; these include the continuing threat posed by...
MA Course in International Relations
The Theory of theInternational Relations and the World New Order
1973 Oil Crisis
The Arab Oil Embargo
22 December, 2012
Table of Contents
1. Introduction – historical...
Before this organization, the great oil companies of the West ruled the roost. Oil is the lifeblood of the industrialized nations as it is used to fuel planes, cars, tanks, skyscrapers, fertilizer, drugs and synthetics. Yet back before the days of OPEC, the great oil companies often retained 65% or more...
Full Potential Running head: OIL SAND IN CANADA: DISCOVERING FULL POTENTIAL
Oil Sand in Canada: Discovering Full Potential
Name: College: Date:
Oil Sand in Canada: Discovering Full Potential Introduction
I am interested in the role and potential of the oil sand resources in Alberta...
Energy conservation is an issue that I am glad to be learning more about and proud to be able to partake in. I believe that if we do not find an alternative way to...
New energy-saving peanut oil refined oil equipment penguin's most advanced production line:
Peanut oil refined oil production line equipment, that is, the whole production line, realized the automation, energy conservation, the whole production line design is reasonable and rich practical experience...
could be done with Insel Flotzgrun. I’m going to tell you about five ideas of what could be done with Insel Flotzgrun:
I think that having a Leisure Company on Insel Flotzgrun would be a good idea because...
March 24, 2013
Jocelyn Hunt CET, MPA
Energy conservation should be one of the most research and implemented things we have in our homes today. When we think about energy conservation we think about solar, wind, and...
productively advance itself, but this provides a problem: how can we create a source of energy that is easily produced and as efficient as the crude oils that are currently used. So far green energy alternatives such as solar, hydroelectric, and wind, have been the main focus in the energy industry. Currently...
Oil & Gas Conservation Fortnight
In order to generate awareness among the masses about the urgency of conserving petroleum products, the celebration of oil conservat ion week with the participation of PCRA and the entire oil industry under the guidance of the Ministry of Petroleum & Natural Gas...
Recently, rising oil prices have become a hot topic in all walks of life, in fact, compared to the general population's consumption of oil, can not afford to really hurt the business should be in the production, transport companies need a lot of oil, rising oil prices will increase production costs,...
Article one: (Ebsco Host) Fahey, Jonathan “Cash for Conservation” Forbes, Vol. 182, Issue 11, (November 24, 2008)
Article two: http://www.physorg.com/news72963583.html “Developing Alternatives to Fossil Fuels”Review of Forbes article “Cash for Conservation”
Written by Jonathan...
Conservation Of Natural Resourses
Natural Resources Conservation
Water pollution remains one of the most visible and persistent signs of our impact on the natural world. Cleanup of some older pollutants has been offset by new contaminants that threaten freshwater ecosystems and foul our...
Oil Conservation Fortnight (OCF) - 4th – 19th January
Petroleum or crude oil is a non renewable energy source that means it is present in the limited amount. If the use of oil will continue with the careless nature it is going to exhaust definitely at one day. Hence conservation of this valuable...
Oil vendors would remind the new environmental protection small oil mill maintenance is very important:
Energy conservation and environmental protection oil press equipment - small oil press is by far the most popular, the most practical and most helpful refined oil equipment, the development of country...
awareness of these issues.” – Conservation Ark, Adelaide Zoo. Zoos offer programs and activities for school and community groups. These enable school children and the public to learn about animals and wildlife conservation. Zoos also sponsor or create various conservation programs and campaigns for both...
Mitigation Plan 1
Mitigation Strategies and Solutions
Axia College at the University of Phoenix
Mitigation Plan 2
Energy conservation is reducing or eliminating unnecessary energy use and waste by decreasing the quantity of energy used for achieving an outcome. There are many ways...
News Article: Supply up, demand down, but oil prices rise by San Francisco Chronicle – David R. Baker
Recession usually bring cheap oil and gasoline. But not now, and that has analysts worried that another fuel-price spike could be on the way.
Crude oil, the lifeblood of the global economy, costs...
explain how it will affect earth. Energy conservation is a big problem here in American and around the world, the US is the number one violator in the energy wasting, we as American waste about seventy percent, with Russia and China right behind us. (Energy Conservation, (H Enringer, 2007) Before we can find...
Starches & Roots
Nutmeg & Mace
Energy conservation refers to reducing energy through using less of an energy service. Energy conservation differs from efficient energy use, which refers to using less energy for a constant service. For example, driving less is an example of energy conservation. Driving the same amount with a higher...
ENERGY CONSERVATION IN INDIA INTRODUCTION
India has made rapid strides towards economic self-reliance over the last few years. Impressive progress has been made in the fields of industry, agriculture, communication, transport and other sectors necessitating growing consumption of energy for developmental...
or light, there is no mass lost in the amount of matter that is used in this conversion. When we look at fossil fuels such as coal, natural gas and oil, these are considered non-renewable resources. Fossil fuels have formed over thousands of years from combinations of types of organic matter like plants...<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>The flashcards below were created by user
on FreezingBlue Flashcards.
Computerized techniques that imitate human decision making.
chief information officer
This person in the organization is responsible for managing the organization's information systems.
clinical decision support systems
Systems that are designed to integrate medical information, patient information, and a decision making tool to generate information to assist with cases.
computerized physician order entry
Electronic system that enables a physician to order prescriptions, lab tests, etc.
This software program alerts physicians and clinicians about potential drug-drug interactions.
A decision support system that uses lab data and symptoms to produce a ranked list of diagnoses.
Use of information technology to deliver education, research, and clinical care.
electronic medical record
Electronic patient medical information that is accumulated in one health system and is used by the providers who treat the patient.
enterprise data warehouse
An integration of data from several different sources that supports strategic decision making.
Physicians electronically prescribe medicine for their patients.
Microsoft Web site that enables patients to maintain their medical information and access health education.
Computer application to tissues and organs.
- -Science of computer application to data in different industries.
- -Refers to the scicence of computer application to data in different industries.
Systems that electronically transforms data that can be used in organizations to be used for decision making.
These are older systems in an organization.
- -Science of computer application that supports clinical and research data in different areas of health care.
- - Health or medical informatics.
Use of information technology to enable healthcare providers to communicate with patients that may not be able to visit them physically because they are in a rural area.
Health Information system
are system that store, transmit, collect, and retrieve these data
Health information technology's (HIT)
goal is to manage the health data that can be used by patients/consumers, insurance companies, healthcare providers, healthcare administrators, and any stakeholder that has an interest in health care.
- - impacts every aspect of the healthcare industry.
- -All stakeholders in the healthcare industry use HIT
Information Technology (IT)
- -has had a tremendous impact on the healthcare industry because it allows documentation of every trasaction to be more quickly documented.
- When an industry focuses on saving lives, it is important that all activty has a written document that describes the activity
The main focus of HIT is record
- -Both President Bush and Obama have supported this intiative.
- - This is the foundation of many IT system because it will enable different system to share the patients information which will increase the quality and efficiency of health care.
History of IT in Health Care
Computers’ first widespread use was in the 1960s as a result of the implementation of Medicaid and Medicare.
- -Health care providers were inundated with forms to complete for both programs. In order to receive reimbursement from both programs, services needed to be tracked, forms needed to be completed and submitted to these programs.
- -As a result, computers were used to assist with the financial management of these programs.
- -As a result of computer integration, more health care providers recognized the efficiency of computers to manage programs. Hospitals particularly recognized the efficiency of electronic billing
-During the 19060s, hospitals developed their own computer system that housed their financial information.
-the hospital were responsible for the maintenance of these system.
- -these system, which were large mainframe system, required a large staff to maintain their operations.
- -All of the hospitals' data was stored on these mainframe computers
-Computer programs were developed by the hosptial to extract data reports. these mainframe computers were very expensive.
- -they were eventually replaced in 1970s with minicomputers which were more efficent, more cost-effective and easier to maintain.
- -these minicomputers were connected to main computers that stored all of the data.
- -these minicomputers were also used to enter information
- -Eventually, specific computer system were developed for laboratory and clinics.
the 1980-1990s, the development and widespread use of personal computers (PCs) revolutionized information systems and technology.
-PCs were not reliant on a main computer for analyses. they were able to generate more sophisticated reports.
- -PCs were often linked as a network to share information among different departments in hospitals.
- -The development of a PC also enabled more computerization of physician practices.
The establishment of a Chief Information Officer (CIO) in health care organizations emphasized the importance information systems and technology had become to health care organizations
- -the US healthcare system has been the world leader for developing cutting-edge technology in healht care.
- -it has impacted how diagnostic procedures are performed, how data is collected and disseminated, how medicine is delivered, how providers treat their pateients, and how sugeries are performed.
-there are several healthcare stakeholders that impacted by technology.
-Comsumers, providers, employers, researchers all governmental levels, nonprofit and forprofit healthcare organization and insurance payers have all been impacted by technology.
-Technological advances have been blamed, in part
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ación energética si la temperatura del agua incrementa suavemente, lo que repercutiría en su distribución geográfica en el océano Pacífico sur.
Palabras clave: pez intermareal, compensación fisiológica, pozas intermareales, Scartichthys viridis.
Studies on physiological variability between populations exposed to distinct habitats conditions are crucial for understanding how differences between populations evolve and are affected by environmental factors (Garland & Adolph 1991). This type of study becomes a useful and effective tool for understanding the origin of variability in physiological traits (Spicer & Gastón 1999).
Differences in physiological traits between latitudinally distant populations are, undoubtedly, a primary evidence of how selective processes mold physiological characters that allow species to compensate environmental variability, hence, persist in a given habitat (Garland & Adolph 1991). Physiological constraints govern the relationships between abiotic variables and the limits of species' distributions (Chown & Gastón 2000). Such physiological variability can be environmentally induced, through non-genetic mechanisms of acclimatation, or may reflect adaptations to local conditions (Steams 1982, Spicer & Gastón 1999).
In ectotherms environmental temperature is one of the most relevant niche axes (Tracy & Christian 1986) since it affects numerous biological processes (i.e., assimilation, growth) and life-history traits (i.e., litter size). Therefore, since environmental temperature directly affects the energy budgets of individuals, it also has important consequences on their ecological and reproductive success (Cossins & Bowler 1990). Moreover, in a global warming scenario there is a renewed interest in understanding how physiological mechanisms may limit environmental tolerance and determine geographic distributions of animals (Tracy & Christian 1986, Spicer & Gastón 1999, Carey 2005, Stevenson et al. 2005).
For many species the interaction between food and temperature has important effects on their energetic balance, because both factors finally affect their biological performance (Krause et al. 1998, Kooijman 2000, Pulgar et al. 2003).
Intertidal rock pools are characterized by their discrete nature in time and space, as well as their daily and seasonal variability in temperature, oxygen concentration and salinity (Newell 1970, Stephenson & Stephenson 1972, Truchot & DuhaneJouve 1980, Metaxas & Scheibling 1993). These physical variations, particularly temperature, depend on rock pool location along a vertical intertidal gradient, which determines the length of time that a rock pool remains isolated from the subtidal system during ebb time. For mobile predators such as fishes, the abundance and food quality of rockpools are also affected by the distance from the shore, being higher in low than in high tidepools (Gibson 1972, 1982, Raffaelli & Hawkins 1986, Horn & Gibson 1988, Horn et al. 1999, Metaxas & Sheibling 1993, Pulgar et al. 1993). Along the Chilean coast the abundance and diversity of macroalgae sharply increase southward (Santelices & Marquet 1998, Vásquez et al. 1998, Aldana et al. 2002). Intertidal fish assemblages are composed of resident and transitory species (Horn et al. 1999). Recent studies indicated that resident species are mainly found in low intertidal pools (Thompson & Lehner 1976, Pulgar et al. 2005). Scartichthys viridis (Blenniidae, Valenciennes, 1836) is the most abundant resident herbivorous fish species inhabiting low intertidal pools from 18 to 40° S along the Chilean coast (Stepien 1990, Varas & Ojeda 1990, Ojeda et al. 2000). Given the wide geographic distribution of this species and based on previous studies that have shown - along the Chilean coast - a sharp increase in abundance and diversity of macroalgae southward, we evaluated whether physical variations in seawater temperature of low intertidal rock pools are able to generate energetic differences in Scartichthys viridis from geographic separate populations spanning approximately 1,200 km. To this, we evaluated the condition factor (K) as an indicator of degree of robustness (muscular tissue) of fish (Moyle & Cech 1982) and metabolic rate as indicator of energetic cost of life associated to particular habitat condition (Schmidt-Nielsen 1997).
MATERIAL AND METHODS
At each geographic locality, we characterized low tide pool seawater thermal variations using temperature data loggers (Unisource, Table 1, see Pulgar et al. 2005). We considered low tide pools as those located nearest (1-2 m) to low tide mark (MLWL). Preliminary observations indicated that seawater of these tide pool was renewed in every tidal cycle. Specimens were captured from tide pools in winter 2001 and summer 2002 from three localities along the Chilean coast, Antofagasta (23°20'S, 70°38'W), Carrizal Bajo (28°04'S, 71°08'W) and Las Cruces (33°26'S, 71°41'W). Specimens were transported to Las Cruces Coastal Marine Research Station (ECIM) where they were maintained under laboratory conditions.
Condition factor (K)
Standard length (LT) and body mass (Mb) of each fish was registered using a caliper (±0.1 cm) and electronic balance (± 0.1 g). respectively. The condition factor (K) was calculated through the equation K = Mb/LT 3 (Wootton 1991). To avoid differences in body mass and sex of animals sampled among different localities and seasons (winter and summer), K was only evaluated in pre-reproductive fishes, i.e., LT < 13 cm (Stepien 1990).
Fishes were maintained in two thermal separated groups of 15 and 25 °C for 45 days with ventilated circulating seawater, ad-libitum food (the green macroalgae Ulva spp.), and LD = 12: 12 photoperiod. This acclimated period was selected to delete the effect of local habitat conditions on metabolic response of fishes. Moreover, these temperatures correspond to the nearest extreme thermal condition observed along the geographic studied range (Table 1).
In order to avoid digestion costs, all fish were maintained in starvation during 48 hours previous to measurements of oxygen consumption (V02). To avoid endogenous cycles of intertidal individuals (Horn et al. 1999), all measurements were conducted between 12:00 to 16:00 h in animals captured in summer and winter. A total of 10, 13, and 10 fishes collected in Antofagasta, Carrizal Bajo and Las Cruces, respectively, were acclimated to 15 °C; while 11,13 and 12 fishes collected at the same localities were acclimated to 25 °C. Each fish was deposited in dark metabolic chambers for two hours previous to V02 measurement. During this time seawater was maintained saturated with 02 at constant temperature of 15 °C (8.30 mg 02L !) or 25 °C (6.71 mg 02L !) (Green & Carrit 1967). Later, the metabolic chamber was sealed and an 02 electrode (Strathkelvin model 1302) was connected to Strathkelvin model 781 oxygenmeter. This instrument recorded the decrease in seawater percentage of 02 inside the closed metabolic chamber. Metabolic rate was expressed as mg 02 g_1h_1. For all fishes, V02 mesurements were stopped when 02 percentage reached 70 % within the metabolic chamber.
Differences in K - values and body size of fishes among localities and season were tested by a two-way ANOVA. We used a-posteriori Tukey test in orden to evaluate specific groups (Zar 1996). To determine effect of body size, locality and thermal treatments on metabolic rate of fishes we used a Components of Variance test followed by a two-way ANOVA (Zar 1996). Locality, season and thermal treatments were considered fixed factors, because they represent endpoints of thermal variability along the geographic range studied. A significance level of P < 0.05 was assumed throughout the study.
Condition factor of S. viridis was determined only for geographic locality from which fish were captured (Table 2, Fig. 1). Las Cruces fishes were more robust than any other individuals sampled in others localities (a-posteriori Tukey test P < 0.05).
Body size of fishes in which metabolic rates was measured was not different among localities or thermal acclimation treatments (Two way Anova F(2,63)=0.37,P = 0.60,Fig.2).
Component of variance test indicated that locality and thermal treatment significantly affect metabolic rate in this fish species (Table 3). The results of the two way Anova indicated that fishes from Las Cruces acclimated to 25 °C showed higher metabolic rates than those from other acclimated conditions and localities (Table 4, a- posteriori Tukey test P < 0.05). On the other hand, fishes from Antofagasta and Carrizal Bajo acclimated to 15 °C showed higher metabolic rates than those from Las Cruces fishes also aclimated to 15 °C (a-posteriori Tukey test, Fig. 3).
Fig. 1: Condition factor of S.viridis captured from three study localities along the Chilean coast. Error bars indicate ± 1 standard error.
Considering possible effects of climatic change, many physiological ecologists are taking a renewed interest in understanding the role of temperature in determining performance capabilities of animals and their geographic distribution patterns (Huey & Kingsolver 1993, Helmuth et al. 2002, Carey 2005). Along this line, several studies have shown correlations between animals' energetic performance and environmental temperature along latitudinal or altitudinal distribution ranges (see Bozinovic & Rosenmann 1988, Root 1988, Rezende et al. 2004). As pointed out by Carey (2005) a frequent biota response to climate change is usually associated to alteration in their range of geographical distribution. This is important because movement into new habitats is likely to expose organisms not only to new climatic conditions but also to new ecological scenarios in terms of species interactions (Hughes 2000).
Prior to test our ability in predicting the effects of global change or large-scale oceanographic conditions (i.e., El Niño) on physiological variation patterns and geographical distribution (Barry et al. 1995, Spicer & Gastón 1999), we need a basic knowledge of the environmental conditions that modify energy budgets of individuals.
In our study, lowest temperatures were recorded in Las Cruces during winter, and highest in Antofagasta during summer. On the other hand, a north-south geographic increment in food availability (macroalgae) has been described for the Chilean coast (Santelices & Marquet 1998, Vásquez et al. 1998, Aldana et al. 2002). These facts suggest that southern fishes are exposed to less extreme thermal conditions in more productive habitats than northern fishes.
Fig. 2. Body size of S.viridis captured from three study localities along the Chilean coast in which metabolic rate was measured. Error bars indicate ± 1 standard error.
Fig. 3. Metabolic rate of S. viridis captured from three study localities along the Chilean coast acclimated to 15 and 25 °C. Error bars indicate ± 1 standard error.
Our evidence indicates that pre-reproductive fishes from the southern population (Las Cruces) had more muscle tissue than individuals captured in northern localities (Carrizal Bajo and Antofagasta) (Fig. 1, Table 1). Lowest seawater temperatures observed in Las Cruces, and food availability variation reported along the Chilean coast can modify S. viridis physiological responses, and may well explain the highest K-values showed for this species at this location.
Experimental studies that evaluated temperature-fish relationships indicated that fishes could detect variations in water temperature as low as 0.1 °C (Norris 1963), showing clear selective thermoregulatory behaviour and compensation mechanism to tolerate thermal environmental variability (Pulgar et al. 1999, 2003, Spicer & Gastón 1999). Our thermal acclimation treatements were nearest to extreme (minimun and maximun) temperatures registered in natural conditions in Chilean coast (Table 1). In this sense our results showed that fish acclimated to 25 °C from Las Cruces showed highest metabolic rates (Fig. 3) while nothern fishes accclimated to 15 °C (Carriza Bajo and Antofagasta) showed highest metabolic rate compared with the former (Fig. 3). These results may well be explained by thermal pool conditions where this species occurs. The 25 °C treatement used in our study represent an unusual thermal condition for the southern S. viridis population (Table 1, Fig. 3), and may be nearest to their lethal temperature.
On the other hand northern fishes showed similar metabolic rate between individuals maintained at 15 and 25 °C (Fig. 3). This evidence indicates high compensation capability of these populations because they are usually exposed to both thermal conditions at those latitudes (Spicer & Gastón 1999, Table 1 and Fig 3).
Our results indicate inter-population physiological thermal differences in S. viridis along the Chilean coast. These differences reflect environmental variability to which individuals of each population are exposed to natural conditions (Table 1). High habitat variability induced modifications of energetic budget, which associated to low food availability as in the case of northern fishes, result in a low condition factor (Fig. 1, 3). On the other hand, habitat thermal stability associated to high food availability as in the case of southern fishes, result in a high condition factor (Fig. 1, 3).
Due to their ectothermic nature, changes in two important niche axes - habitat temperature and food availability - may induce an energetic constraint in this species. Southern population of S. viridis may suffer important effects on energy allocation if seawater temperature increases, probably affecting its geographic distribution in the southern Pacific Ocean, as it has been observed in some marine invertebrates (Barry et al. 1995). This point could be relevant when fish are confronted to the occurrence of oceanographic phenomena such as El Niño, because during these events seawater temperature may reach their lethal limits at some latitudes (Hill& Magnuson 1990). Thermal consequences of global change in animals, particularly in fishes, will depend at least on the capacity of animals to acclimatize to new habitat conditions (Carey 2005). Thus, we can predict that animals that inhabit more stable habitat will show a more limited capacity to acclimatize and may be restricted in their ability to survive and reproduce under scenarios of climate changes.
This study was funded by FONDECYT 2010128, UNAB D.I. 08-04 and AR 01-06 grants to J. Pulgar. FB and FPO acknowledge a FONDAP 1501-0001 (programs 1 and 5, respectively). We thank Alvaro Palma and Randy Finke for comments and suggestions that greatly improved the manuscript.
ALDANA M, J PULGAR, F OGALDE & FP OJEDA (2002) Morphometric and parasitological evidence for ontogenetic and geographic dietary shifts in fish. Bulletin of Marine Science 71: 55-74. [ Links ]
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CAREY C (2005) How physiological methods and concepts can be useful in conservation Biology. Integrative Comparitive Biology 45: 4-11.
COSSINS AR & K BOWLER (1987) Temperature Biology of Animals. Chapman and Hall, New York and London.339pp.
CHOWN SL & KL GASTÓN (2000) Areas, cradles and museums: the latitudinal gradient in species richness. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 8: 310- 325.
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GIBSON RN (1982) Recent studies on the biology of intertidal fish. Oceanographic Marine Biology Annual Review 20: 263-414.
GREEN EJ & DE CARRIT (1967) New Tables for Oxygen Saturation. Journal of Marine Research 25: 140-147.
HELMUTH BD, G HARLEY, PM HALPIN, M O'DONELL, GE HOFMANN & CA BLANCHETTE (2002) Climate change and latitudinal patterns of intertidal thermal stress. Science 298: 1015-1017.
HILL DK & JJ MAGNUSON (1990) Potential effects of global climate warming on the growth and prey consumption of Great lake Fish. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 119: 265-275.
HUEY RB & JG KINGSOLVER (1993) Evolution of resistance to high temperature in ectotherms. American Naturalist 142: S21-S46.
HUGHES L (2000) Biological consequences of global warming: is the signal already. Tree 15: 56-61.
HORN MH & RN GIBSON (1988) Intertidal fish. Scientific American 258: 54-60.
HORN MH, KL MARTIN & MA CHOKOWSKI (1999) Intertidal fishes: life in two worlds. Academic Press, San Diego, California, USA. 399pp. 446
PULGAR ET AL. KRAUSE J, G STAAKS & T MEHNER (1998) Habitat choice in schoals of roach as a function of water temperature and feeding rate. Journal of Fish Biology 53: 377-386.
KOOIJMAN SALM (2000) Dynamic Energy and Mass Budget in Biological Systems. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK. 448pp.
METAXAS A & RE SCHEIBLING (1993) Community structure and organization of tidepools. Marine Ecology Progress Series 98: 187-198.
MOYLE PB & JJ CECH (1982) Fish: an introduction to Ichthyology. Prentice Hall,
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ر، منطق و علم فصاحت مشغول شود. او بعدها این تجربه خود را با جهنم و برزخ مقایسه میکرد!
در سال ۱۵۰۱، مارتین لوتر وارد دانشگاه ارفورت (Erfurt) شد تا مقطع ارشد دورههای مذکور به همراه متافیزیک را بگذراند. در این زمان به نظر میرسید که او در مسیر وکیل شدن قرار دارد.
آغاز مسیر راهبگی
در جولای سال ۱۵۰۵، لوتر یک تجربه دگرگون کننده داشت که باعث شد مسیرش را تغییر داده و یک راهب شود. او در یک طوفان شدید گیر افتاده بود و از وحشت جانش به درگاه آنِ مقدس (St. Anne)، قدیس حامی معدنچیان، دعا کرد که او را نجات دهد و او در ازایش راهب شود. طوفان آرام شد و او نجات یافت.
بسیاری از مورخان باور دارند این کار یک عمل خودجوش و ناگهانی نبوده و بیشتر به ایدهای شباهت دارد که از قبل در ذهن لوتر شکل گرفته بود. تصمیم برای راهب شدن کار سختی بود و باعث ناراحتی شدید پدر لوتر شد، اما او حس میکرد باید این قول را عملی کند. البته او از ترس جهنم و خشم خدا نیز این کار را انجام داد و فکر میکرد زندگی در یک صومعه میتواند به او کمک کند تا به رستگاری برسد.
روشنگری و اصلاحات
اولین سالهای زندگی در صومعه برای مارتین لوتر سخت بود زیرا او نمیتوانست آن روشنگری که انتظارش را داشت بیابد. یک استاد به او گفته بود زندگیاش را منحصراً روی مسیح متمرکز کند و این امر بعدها برای او آن راهنمایی که دنبالش میگردد را به ارمغان خواهد آورد.
در سن ۲۷ سالگی لوتر این موقعیت را یافت تا به عنوان نماینده در کنفرانس کلیسای کاتولیک رم حضور یابد. بعد از این کنفرانس او به وضوح امید خود را از دست داد و با مشاهده بیاخلاقی و فساد بین کشیشهای کاتولیک بسیار دلسرد شد. بعد از بازگشت او به آلمان، او در دانشگاه ویتنبرگ ثبت نام کرد تا شورش معنوی خود را سرکوب کند. لوتر در درسها بسیار پیش رفت و توانست به درجه دکتری برسد و در همان دانشگاه در مقام استاد الهیات تدریس کند.
مارتین لوتر نهایتاً با مطالعه کتاب مقدس توانست به آن روشنگری مذهبی که دنبالش بود، برسد. در سال ۱۵۱۳، زمانیکه او در حال آماده کردن سخنرانیاش بود، با قسمتی از انجیل روبهرو شد که مسیح روی صلیب برای طلب بخشش فریاد میزد. فریادی که شبیه به سرخوردگی خود لوتر در برابر خدا و مذهب بود. دو سال بعد، وقتی در حال آمادهسازی سخنرانی خود بود با مسیر دیگری روبهرو شد که کلید رستگاری معنوی او بود. این دوره یک تغییر بزرگ را در زندگی لوتر شکل داد و اصلاحات را به حرکت انداخت.
مطرود شدن از کلیسا و رژیم کرم ها
بعد از انتشار ۹۵ تز، مارتین لوتر به سخنرانی و نوشتن در دانشگاه ویتنبرگ ادامه داد. در ژوئن و ژوئیه سال ۱۵۱۹، لوتر در ملأ عام اعلام کرد که انجیل به پاپ این حق انحصاری را نمیدهد که کتاب مقدس را تفسیر کند. این حرف او حمله مستقیمی به مقام پاپ بود. در نهایت در سال ۱۵۲۰، پاپ که به حد کافی کارهای او را تحمل کرده بود، در پانزدهم ژوئن تهدید نهایی خود را با تهدید به تکفیر به لوتر اعلام کرد. در ۱۰ دسامبر همان سال، لوتر در حضور مردم آن نامه را سوزاند. در ژانویه سال بعد، مارتین لوتر بهطور رسمی از کلیسای کاتولیک رومی طرد شد.
در مارس سال ۱۵۲۱، لوتر در برابر رژیم کرمها (Diet of Worms)، یک مجلس عمومی متشکل از سران سکولار احضار شد. دوباره لوتر انکار کردن بیانیههایش را رد کرد و درخواست کرد تا از کتاب مقدس دلیلی برای رد کردن حرفهایش بیاورند. این دعوت او هیچ پاسخی در پی نداشت. در ۸ می همان سال، نوشتههای لوتر ممنوع اعلام شده و او را یک مرتد گناهکار معرفی کردند و این به معنی محکومیت و فراری شدن او بود. دوستان لوتر به او کمک کردند در قلعه «وارتبورگ» پنهان شود و در این زمان او کتاب عهد جدید را به آلمانی ترجمه کرد تا مردم عادی بتوانند کلمات خدا را خودشان مستقیماً بخوانند.
لوترنیسم
اگر چه لوتر هنوز تحت خطر بازداشت بود، اما دوباره به کلیسای قلعه ویتنبرگ بازگشت تا در می سال ۱۵۲۲ برای تأسیس یک کلیسای جدید با عنوان لوترنیسم اقدام کند. او پیروان زیادی به دست آورد و حتی حمایت شاهزادههای آلمانی را نیز پشت خود داشت. وقتی یک شورش دهقانی در سال ۱۵۲۴ شروع شد، لوتر طرف دهقانان را نگرفت و از حکمرانان حمایت کرد زیرا برای رشد کلیسایش به آنها نیاز داشت. هزاران دهقان در این شورش کشته شدند، اما کلیسای لوتر در طی این سالها رشد کرد.
همسر و فرزندان لوتر
در سال ۱۵۲۵، مارتین لوتر با یک زن که سابقاً راهبه بود و صومعه را ترک کرده و به ویتنبرگ پناه برده بود، ازدواج کرد. آنها در کنار هم در طی سالها زندگی مشترک صاحب شش فرزند شدند.
سال های آخر
از سال ۱۵۳۳ تا مرگ لوتر در سال ۱۵۴۶، او به عنوان مدیر رشته الهیات در دانشگاه ویتنبرگ کار کرد. در این زمان او از بیماریهای زیادی مانند آرتروز، مشکلات قلبی و گوارشی رنج میبرد. درد فیزیکی و مشکلات عاطفی پناهندگی را میتوان در نوشتههای او لمس کرد. برخی از کارهای او زبانی توهین آمیز علیه بخشهایی از جامعه دارد. مارتین لوتر در ۱۸ فوریه سال ۱۵۴۶ در سن ۶۲ سالگی در سفری که به زادگاهش داشت، درگذشت.
مارتین لوتر در یک نگاه
- انگیزه لوتر برای اصلاحات، جستجوی او برای خدا بود.
- لوتر در الهیات یک دور برگردان ایجاد کرد.
- او در روابط عمومی بسیار قوی بود و برای خود لوگویی طراحی کرد که به «رز لوتر» شهرت یافت. او این لوگو را توسعه داده و در سال ۱۵۳۰ در تمام نامههایش به کار میبرد.
- لوتر عضوی از یک گروه بود و خود به تنهایی اصلاحات را شکل نداد.
- او به خانوادهاش علاقه زیادی داشت و در زمان دوری از خانه برای فرزندانش نامه مینوشت.
- او در زبان بسیار استاد بود و برای تأثیرگذاری درست به خوبی از آن استفاده میکرد.
- کلیسای کاتولیک به خاطر انتشار ۹۵ تز و حملههای بعدی او به مقام پاپ او را مرتد اعلام کرد.
- لوتر در ابتدا برای وکالت درس میخواند اما در اثر یک اتفاق تصمیم به راهب شدن گرفت.
- او خیلی زود متوجه فساد داخل کلیسا شد و دوباره به دانشگاه بازگشت.
- او تا آخر عمر در دانشگاه ویتنبرگ به تدریس الهیات پرداخت.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>راه حل مشکل خجالت کشیدن کودکان
ابراز قدردانی به فرزند خود برای اینکه او چه کسی است. کودکان خجالتی اغلب شنوندگان خوب هستند و کمتر از دیگران خشن هستند. بسیاری از وقت خود را صرف خوشحالی می کنند، نزدیک به والدینشان هستند و دوستان وفادار هستند.
1. اطفال را بدانید و قبول کنید. حساس بودن به منافع و احساسات کودک شما به ایجاد ارتباط با کودک و نشان دادن این که شما به فرزند احترام می گذارید. این می تواند باعث اطمینان بیشتر کودک و کمتر مهار شود.
2. اجازه دهید کودک خجالتی به شرایط جدید خیره شود. به احتمال زیاد کودک به کودک کمک می کند تا مهارت اجتماعی را به اوج برساند و او را تهدید کند. به کودک کمک کنید احساس امنیت و مواد جالب داشته باشید تا بتوانید او را به تعاملات اجتماعی تبدیل کنید.
3. تماس چشم را تشویق کنید. همانطور که با کودک صحبت میکنید میگویید «به من نگاه کنید» یا «چشمهایتان را روی چشمانم قرار دهید» یا «من میخواهم چشمانت را ببینم». با آگاه ساختن مهارت و مدلسازی آن به طور مرتب، کودک شما به زودی با استفاده از چشم تماس بگیرید نکته: اگر کودک شما درباره استفاده از تماس با چشم ناراحت باشد، به او بگویید که پل بینی بینی بلندگو را نگاه کند. با چند شیوه، او معمولا دیگر نیازی به تکنیک ندارد و با اطمینان بیشتر به چشم بلندگو نگاه می کند.
مشاوره خانواده
4. بازکردن و بستن مکالمات را آموزش دهید. فهرستی از بچه های خود را برای بازکنان مکالمه آسان می توانید با گروه های مختلف از جمله افرادی که می توانید به او بگویید، یک بزرگسال که او را ملاقات نکرده است، یک دانش آموز با نام تجاری جدید در مدرسه یا یک کودک که می خواهد با زمین بازی بازی کند. سپس نوبت آنها را با هم هماهنگ کنید تا کودک شما راحت بتواند آنها را به خود مشغول کند. نکته: تمرین کردن مهارت های مکالمه تلفنی با یک گوش شنونده حمایتی از طرف دیگر، همیشه برای بچه های کوچکتر تهدید کننده است تا این که به صورت رو به رو باشند
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- ۹۷/۰۹/۰۳<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>|(点击观看组图)|
新浪体育讯 北京时间4月27日凌晨，2010年斯诺克世锦赛16强战第三阶段，丁俊晖虽然一度打出单杆137分，但最终还是以总比分10比13不敌2005年世锦赛冠军墨菲，连续四年无缘世锦赛八强。
本赛季，丁俊晖已经分别拿到了英锦赛冠军和大奖赛与中国公开赛的亚军，单赛季排名升至世界第一，而他昔日的“克星”肖恩-墨菲却在上海大师赛闯进四强之后，本赛季的其他排名赛就只赢了一场，成绩远不如丁俊晖。
但是在世锦赛的举办地克鲁斯堡，墨菲却要比丁俊晖更具心理优势：05年墨菲曾在这里夺得了个人职业生涯的首座排名赛冠军奖杯并从此进入世界顶尖球手行列，而最年轻的三次排名赛冠军得主丁俊晖却从未闯进过世锦赛的八强。
本次对决，已经对墨菲实现了三连胜的丁俊晖却陷入了苦战。第一阶段轰出一杆破百以5-3领先，但第二阶段墨菲就追成了8-8平。
第三阶段的第一局，两人打得相当胶着，攻防都出现了多次不同程度的失误，最后的彩球争夺更是进一个球丢一个球比着失误，而墨菲打丢的蓝球却成了这一局的成败关键，丁俊晖打进蓝球粉球，以73-46惊险拿下，9-8。
第18局丁俊晖痛失好局，被墨菲以60-51翻盘，不过紧接着他就在19局轰出一杆137分再次取得总分上的领先，10-9。
第20局墨菲先得36分后二人又转入长时间的攻防战，丁俊晖上手后开始清理聚集在球台上方的红球，可惜连得51分时出现失误，墨菲抓住机会清台至粉球，以61-51这一节第二次实现翻盘，追成10-10。
第21局，墨菲率先上手连得50分时失误，随后又在65-0即将超分时打丢了上方底袋的红球。丁俊晖架杆击打，用黄球作为连接完成两颗红球之间的组合球，接下来的进攻中还有着精彩的翻袋击打。30-65落后时，丁俊晖选择防守，此时台上正好剩下35分。丁俊晖多次利用斯诺克令墨菲送分其间还赢得过自由球，可惜最后时刻墨菲打进了咖啡球和蓝球，以79-44胜出。11-10，这是墨菲在拿下首局之后，整场比赛首次取得领先。
第22局对于两人都非常关键，争夺也非常激烈。墨菲以55-11领先时，双方展开了激烈的防守战，此时三颗红球都聚集在球台下方，旁边还有黑球干扰。多个回合之后，墨菲远台组合球不进。尽管白球陷入袋口不方便架杆，但丁俊晖还是拼球成功。然而最后一颗红球的失误对于丁俊晖却是致命的，55-28领先的墨菲清理掉台上大部分的球，其中粉球还是幸运晕进。78-28，墨菲没有让丁俊晖将总分扳平，12-10拿到赛点。
第23局，丁俊晖刚刚上手拿到6分就出现了中袋失误，墨菲一杆直接砍下一杆128分清台，将总比分锁定在13-10，连扳四局逆转丁俊晖，获得了本届比赛最后一个八强席位。
1/4决赛，墨菲即将对阵13-11艰难击败佩里的世界第五阿里-卡特，双方第一节八局的比赛将在北京时间27日晚九点半开始，并且在28日决出一个四强名额。
TOP147特约记者(汐凉)
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※联系方式：大江网新闻中心 电话：0791-6849735<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>خبرگزاری میزان: جانشین فرمانده کل سپاه با بیان اینکه جمهوری اسلامی ایران پهپادهایی به مراتب پیشرفته تر از هرمس را در اختیار دارد، عنوان کرد: اگر اطلاعاتی مفیدی از پهپاد مذکور باشد که در در اثر شکار و انفجار آن از بین نرفته و سالم مانده باشد، استخراج و کشف رمز خواهد شد.
سردار حسین سلامی در گفت و گو با خبرنگار میزان در پاسخ به این سئوال که صهیونیست ها اخبار ضد نقیضی را در خصوص اینکه پهپاد هرمس به طور کامل منهدم شده و اطلاعاتی از آن به دست ایران نخواهد رسید، مطرح می کنند، اظهار کرد: ما هیچ وقت اخبار رژیم صهیونیستی را تایید نمیکنیم و به آن توجهی نداریم، اما به هر صورت دسترسی هایی به داده های درون حافظه این پهپاد و دوربین های آن وجود دارد.
وی در پاسخ به این سئوال که آیا همچون پهپاد RQ 170 اطلاعات پهپاد هرمس بازیابی شده و اقدام به ساخت مشابه آن از طریق مهندسی معکوس خواهید کرد یا خیر؟ گفت: اگر اطلاعاتی مفیدی باشد که در در اثر شکار و انفجار پهپاد از بین نرفته و سالم مانده باشد، استخراج و کشف رمز خواهد شد.
جانشین فرمانده کل سپاه تاکید کرد: البته جمهوری اسلامی ایران پهپادهای پیشرفته تری نسبت به این پرنده در اختیار دارد و از این بابت مشکل خاصی نداریم.
وی در پاسخ به این سئوال که آیا پهپاد هرمس از از خود اسرائیل به سمت ایران آمده و یا از کشورهای حاشیه خلیج فارس بلند شده و به سمت ایران آمده است؟ یادآور شد: برد این پرنده به شکلی نیست که از سرزمین های اشغالی به هوا بلند شده و به کشور ما برسد.
سردار سلامی افزود: ما چون
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a psychic tension that corrupts the natural sweetness and joy of life. To escape facing the reality of death, the unconscious impulse in an individual is to find something real and permanent in existence. Nobody has succeeded, or ever will, because whatever is gained must be left behind at the moment of physical death.
People with OCD often display an acute sensitivity to the suffering of others and the hopelessness of being in such a loveless world. But the disorder itself is usually too dominant to relinquish its hold. Love is the solution to the disorder of the world; but love has to be made more conscious than the disorder. There are two ways that this can be done. The first involves being aware when the disorder is quiescent and things are more stable. And then to acknowledge inwardly the wellbeing in the body that is always present in the absence of emotional anxiety. What is continually acknowledged in love and gratitude to life is an action of consciousness and will be more accessible as a power to heal, particularly in the times when the disorder is active.
The second way is the physical love between man and woman, the natural way of neutralising the negativity of any disorder. This is because love, when it is made, is a timeless spiritual restorative. Everything in existence is compelled to yield or surrender to its purity and grace. Love retains its spiritual identity as it enters existence on a wave of beauty as the essence of the original state of being. As love enters the subconscious it permeates the psyche of an individual and loosens the attached matter of past that has become hardened in time. Love can do the job if only the individual is willing.
image: Luke Chesser<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>雷暴云
发展到一定强度之后产生雷暴的积雨云叫做雷暴云。一个雷暴云叫做一个雷暴单体，其水平尺度约十几公里。多个雷暴单体成群成带地聚集在一起叫做雷暴群或雷暴带。其过程可以分为形成、成熟、消散三个阶段。编辑摘要
基本信息 编辑信息模块
|中文名： 雷暴云||外文名： Thunderstorm Cloud|
|风力： 8－12级||特点： 突发性强，持续时间短，破坏性大|
|热带风暴： 每小时63-87公里|
- 小孩嗷嗷帅6月5日，国外网站的一段视频显示，美国密歇根州出现雷暴云团，外形酷似UFO，给人以一种不祥之感。
-
简介/雷暴云 编辑
雷暴云是由积雨云单体发展或由多个处于不同发展阶段的积雨云组合而成。雷暴云必须在不稳定的大气层结、充沛水汽和足够的冲击力的条件下才能形成。每个雷暴单体和演变过程大致要经历发展、成熟和消散三个阶段。 它的水平范围约十几公里， 云厚几公里至十几公里， 持续时间几十分钟， 属于小尺度天气系统。初生阶段， 单体内是上升运动，成熟阶段，云内一部分是上升运动， 一部分是下沉运动， 消散阶段， 多为下沉运动。雷暴云可以孤立分散出现， 形成一般雷暴， 这是比较弱的雷暴天气系统。它会造成局部严重的天气灾害。
雷暴云是闪电的主要产生源，按照Winn et al (1974)的探空结果，当云中局部电场超过约400 kV/m时，就能发生闪电放电。 [1]由于雷暴云内有急剧的气流扰动，云中的水珠和冰粒便会分裂而产生电荷。一般来说，雷暴云的上部带有正电荷，中下部带负电荷。当正负电荷之间的电压到达某程度时，云与云之间或云与地面之间就会出现放电的现象，发出强烈闪光，这就是我们平时见到的闪电。放电时会产生大量热能，令周围的空气急剧膨胀，产生声音而造成隆隆雷声。
形成/雷暴云 编辑
典型的雷暴云是具有强烈上升气流和下沉气流的（积雨）云。这种云垂直伸展 较高，如高耸陡山，顶部可呈砧或鬃状；底部较暗，时有悬球状结构。单个积雨云的主体水平尺度在几公里到20公里左右。雷暴云的发展与热气团在不稳定环境中的对流抬升有关。
阶段/雷暴云 编辑
超级雷雨暴的形成通常不会超过1个小时。但在形成过程中，其伴随的大风常常会刮到树和电缆，随之而来的暴雨冰雹也会破坏道路建筑。因此在观察时，要站在距风暴至少1千米之外的地方，以避免伤害。 [1]
形成阶段
主要是从淡积云向浓积云发展，云的垂直尺度有较大的增长，云中大部分为比较规则的上升气流，一般不会产生雷暴。
成熟阶段
从浓积云发展成积雨云，伴随雷电和降水，云中除了有规则的上升气流外，同时有系统性的下沉气流。
消散阶段
一阵电闪雷鸣狂风暴雨之后，雷雨云就进入消散阶段，云中已被有规则的下沉气流所控制，云体逐渐崩溃。
与这三个发展阶段相应的地面天气情况也各不相同。在开始的形成阶段，暖湿气流缓慢地辐合；在成熟阶段降水造成的冷空气下冲形成一条微尺度冷锋，在下沉空气的前沿线上，气温和风发生突然的改变；在消散阶段，下沉气流的冷堆消散，风也减弱。
高度/雷暴云 编辑
尽管雷暴云的高度随地理位置的不同有较大的差异，但一般认为在海拔8~12 km之间。对于夏季雷暴，正电荷区的海拔高度一般为10~16km，而负电荷区的海拔高度为6~10 km。
危害/雷暴云 编辑
强风暴系统常常带来严重的灾害如雷暴、暴雨、大风、龙卷风、冰雹等。例如，在热带和亚热带地区年降水量的很大部分是由对流性暴雨造成的。在有些地区，强对流系统甚至是引起最严重灾害的天气现象，如美国中西部在强对流系统中发生的龙卷风是最严重的天气灾害。
现象/雷暴云 编辑
雷雨暴是一种对流旺盛的局部剧烈天气现象。得克萨斯、堪萨斯、科罗拉多皆位于美国龙卷风走廊地带。每年春季，来自于墨西哥湾的湿热空气，与来自加拿大和落基山脉的干冷空气相遇，形成了超级雷雨暴。由于伴随强旋转力，其外观与圆形飞船相似。而超级雷雨暴作为一种强对流，极易导致龙卷风的形成。 [1]
超级雷暴云
美国超级雷暴积云如独立日UFO，系闪电主要产生源。
2012年7月，电气技师肖恩·黑维亚在美国蒙大拿州格拉斯哥西部拍到 这个超级雷暴云的精彩画面。34岁的黑维亚是一名摄影爱好者，他利用7月拍到的3张照片，合成这张令人叹为观止的超级雷暴云全景图。这种庞大的雷暴系统的破坏性很小，它一般会在一个地方停留数小时，然后继续前进。它以中气旋为中心，向上旋转，形成暴雨和大风。
该雷暴天气持续了数小时，但对当地社区造成的破坏不大，黑维亚利用相机从远处捕捉到这一精美画面。黑维亚给雷暴拍照的时间已经长达7年，2011年他和它的杰作获得《国家地理》颁发的大奖。这张照片被命名为“母舰”，因为它的外形很像一艘外星飞船，事实上它是4年酝酿的结果。 [2]
巨大的“超级雷暴”显示，它中心是一个云团密集的雨柱。这张图片看起来像是著名科幻大片《独立日》里的场景，尽管它看起来可能很像一艘外星母舰，但事实上这张令人难以置信的照片呈现的是给人留下深刻印象的超级雷暴云。
一个超级雷暴云从一条小路经过，它继续在平原上前行，丝毫没有消退的迹象。
2013年9月，英国《每日邮电》在报道中描述了 这样一幕：在辽阔的草原和寂静的公路上方，巨大的乌云层正在空中集结形成，仿佛一架太空飞船盘旋在大地的上方。这一幕就是超级雷雨胞形成时的景象。该报刊登的一组图片，清晰地展现了超级雷雨胞在美国“龙卷风走廊”形成时的骇人景象。 [1]
拍摄记录/雷暴云 编辑
“追风暴人”马可科洛舍茨是一名斯洛文尼亚的道路天气信息管理员。在美国探险考察期间，马可分别在得克萨斯、堪萨斯、科罗拉多拍下了当地风暴的形成过程。 [1]
2012年7月6日，俄罗斯业余摄影师Oleg Ivanov最近在俄罗斯波罗的斯克海滩（靠近波兰边境）拍摄到了超级恐怖的风暴云景象，当时整个天空都笼罩在黑暗之中，风暴云犹如巨浪来袭，像是预示着世界末日的到来，并且还大雨倾盆，云朵则形成了一只巨大的手的形状，像是要冲破天际一般，场面令人震撼。
2015年5月，拍摄者达尔文-孔兹在美国德州卢博克市拍到超级风暴云，形状似“核爆”，这巨大的蘑菇云形成于2015年4月份美国德克萨斯州的一场巨型风暴。
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互动百科的词条（含所附图片）系由网友上传，如果涉嫌侵权，请与客服联系，我们将按照法律之相关规定及时进行处理。未经许可，禁止商业网站等复制、抓取本站内容；合理使用者，请注明来源于www.baike.com。<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Just start doing the things that are difficult to tackle
and all fears will disappear instantaneously.
Jane is a little girl who believes she is not good enough to
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of a croissant which seems too heavy for the ant to carry. So
she notices that although some things look challenging to
do, they may be worth a try. This story teaches bravery and
encourages children to try different things that they love and
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"During her childhood in Spain, Clara Matas Nadal loved natural sciences; accordingly, it could have never crossed her imagination that one day she would be writing children's stories. But then, she came across a Gianni Rodani book and his ingenuity demonstrated the importance of teaching children through stories."
"Alongside being a hard-working teacher, Roser Matas Nadal is keenly involved with children's book illustrations. To this end, she pursued a major in illustration at Olot, Barcelona, and later at the University of Art in London. She has published around a dozen children's books, some as an author and others as an illustrator."<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Kozmetologlara göre, güzel cinsiyetin her temsilcisi, kapak ve cilt problemlerinin durumuna bakılmaksızın, 2-3 ayda 1 kez yüzeyi temizlemek gerekir. Her saniyenin bir kadının derisi, çok sayıda patojenik ajanla yüzleşmek zorundadır - metropolün tozu ve kirlenmesi, mikroskobik kozmetik kalıntıları ve nihayet doğal cilt salgılarına sahiptir. Bu faktörler yavaş yavaş gözeneklerle tıkanır, mikro ziyaretlerin ve aknelerin ortaya çıkmasına katkıda bulunur, kanıtın durumunda bir bozulmaya yol açar, esnek yüz rengi ve erken yaşlanma.
Bir kozmetoloğun yüzünü temizlemek, yalnızca gelecekte olası sorunlardan kurtulmakla kalmayacak, aynı zamanda cildi görsel olarak sıkılaştırır, pürüzsüz, pürüzsüz ve parlayan hale getirir.
Yüz temizliği: evde mi yoksa kabinde mi?
Birçok kadının yüzün mekanik olarak temizliğini bağımsız hale getirmesi sırrı değildir. Ancak, olası olmayan sonuçlar için etkinliği, güvenliği ve "bağışıklığı", doğrudan bir kişinin pratik yönteminin yetkinliğine bağlıdır. Ne yazık ki, yanlış ev temizliğinin sonuçlarından kurtulun çok zor: iltihaplanma, izler, izler - karşılaşılabilecek sorunların sadece küçük bir kısmı. Bu nedenle, yüzünüze sadece bir profesyonel olduğuna güvenmek çok önemlidir. Yüz bakımı için profesyonel bir yaklaşım, çok sayıda tartışılmaz avantaja sahiptir.
Tecrübeli bir kozmetikolojinin arsenalinde, bir kural olarak, her bir müşteri ile bireysel olarak çalışmayı mümkün kılan, cildin en iyi şekilde temizlenmesini seçerek iyi bir teknik temel. Her şey dikkate alınır: cildin durumu ve sorunun ciddiyeti, bir kadının vücudunun özellikleri ve kişisel istekleri. Kozmetoloji alanında derin bilgiye sahip olmak ve pratik deneyime sahip olmak, güzellik uzmanı zarar veren şeyleri asla yapmaz. Böylece, negatif reaksiyonların ortaya çıkması riski en aza indirilir.
Bugün Salon Cilt Temizleme Teknikleri bugün popülerdir?
Mekanik temizleme
Bununla birlikte, daha gelişmiş ve kesinlikle ağrısız teknolojilerin ortaya çıkmasına rağmen, milyonlarca kadın tarafından test edilen yöntem, halen alaka düzeyini korur. Doğru, en derin etkiyi veren derin cilt temizliğinin yöntemi olarak adlandırılır. Kabin içindeki yüzün mekanik temizliği aşağıdaki gibi gerçekleştirilir: Nitelikli bir uzman, cildi açılış losyonu kullanılarak prosedüre hazırlar, bazen bir buhar banyosu bir alternatif olarak önerilmiştir. Bundan sonra, elleriyle veya özel bir kaşıkla, gözenekleri temizleyin. Prosedürün sonunda, kozmetik tedavisi - yatıştırıcı ve anti-enflamatuar etkiye sahip bir maske.
Prosedürün özellikleri: Bu, kontrendikasyonları olan yeterince acı verici bir yöntemdir, kapak, enfeksiyona ve izlerin oluşumuna zarar verebilir. Ancak, kişiyi listeleyen tüm sonuçların nitelikli bir uzmanı tarafından emanet ederseniz kaçınılacaktır. Prosedürden sonra, ılımlı öneriler gözlemlenmelidir - cildini anti-enflamatuar ajanlar (losyon, tonik) ile işlemek, dekoratif kozmetik kullanımı hakkında kaçınmak için koruyucu krem uygulamak. Mekanik temizleme planlaması, önemli bir etkinliğin arifesinde durmuyor, çünkü cildi geri yüklemek için 2-3 gün sürer.
Ultrasonik temizleme
Ultrasonik temizlik, titiz mantarlarla mükemmel bir şekilde başa çıkın, metropolün tozunu giderir ve dekoratif kozmetiklerin kalıntılarına dayanıklıdır. Bir avantajı daha var: Önceki yöntemin aksine, sadece kirleticileri ağrısız bir şekilde çıkarmak, aynı zamanda cilt restorasyonu, doğal tazminat süreçlerini başlatmak için mümkündür. Mikromassage, prosedürün derisine eşlik eden, ayrıca cildi taşır ve metabolizmayı iyileştirir. Ultrasonik temizlik tamamlanmasında - yatıştırıcı bir maske.
Özellik Prosedürü: Bu, en yumuşak cilt temizleme yöntemlerinden biridir. Ağrısız, yapım yapmaz. Sorunlu alanlar üzerinde çalışmak, yüksek frekanslı ses dalgalarıyla bir lazerle gerçekleştirilir. Prosedürden sonra, iz, şişlik, kırmızı lekeler yer yoktur. Tamamlandığında hemen kraliçeyi hissedebilirsiniz. Ancak dezavantajlar var.
Cilt üzerindeki etki derinliğinde, bu seçenek diğer tekniklerden daha düşüktür, çünkü bir yağ veya kombine cilt tipinin sahipleri, gelmeyebilir veya diğer teknolojilerle birleştirilmesi gerekecektir.
Kimyasal temizlik
En güvenli cilt temizleme teknikleri arasındadır, ancak sadece kalifiye bir usta yapılmalıdır. Yüzün kimyasal temizliği hala oldukça agresif bir prosedür olduğundan, davranışının protokolünden kaçınmak ve aktif maddenin izin verilen konsantrasyonunu aşan, epidermis yanıklarına kadar kötü reaksiyonlarla doludur.
İşlemin çalışma prensibi, meyve asitlerinin ve diğer kimyasal bileşenlerin etkisine dayanır. Çoğu zaman preparatlar retinol, enzimler, glikolik ve retinoik asitlerle kullanılır. Reaktifin cilt üzerindeki etkisi sırasında, bağlar
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艘江船从崇明出，驶往苏州常州各地，采买粮食及其他各种物品，才才有了崇明岛如此多的粮食储备。
“不过以后恐怕粮食不那么好买了。”沙福语气沉重了起来。
“怎么啦？”任思齐惊问道，苏州松江常州太湖一带是天下有数的鱼米之乡，这才购买了多少粮食啊！
“自清兵攻下南京之后，江南一带各府都先后投降了满清，现在长江以南几乎都是满清的治下，满清在松江苏州嘉定各地都派出了军队，咱们再想安然采购粮食没那么容易了。”沙福叹道。谁能想到形势变化的如此之快，现在在南直隶各府，恐怕也只有崇明岛这一支打着明朝旗号的孤军了吧！
“不用担心，”任思齐语气却很轻松，“掌握着大量粮食的不就是那些士绅豪族吗，对那些人来，只要咱们给得起钱，他们就敢卖！”对于江南一带士绅们的品行，任思齐还是很了解的，这些人为了银子无所不敢做，卖给自己点粮食又算得了什么。以满清的兵力只能占据一些大的城市，根本无法掌控如此广大的区域，更控制不了乡下粮食的流动。
“但愿如此吧。”沙福叹道。
“百姓安置工作就拜托沈公了，”任思齐对沈廷扬道，“我决定成立崇明府，沈公就是第一任崇明知府！”
“这，这不好吧。”沈廷扬就是一惊，任思齐只不过是肃虏侯，哪里有资格任命朝廷命官？
可是想想现在南京朝廷已经没有了，弘光帝逃到了杭州，崇明已是一座孤岛，作为崇明的实际统治者，任思齐任命一个知府也没什么大不了，权宜之计罢了。想到这里，沈廷扬欣然从命。
堂上众人则艳羡的看着沈廷扬，被任命为崇明知府，意味着任思齐把整个岛上的民政都交给了沈廷扬。
“崇明府下辖崇明长沙二县，崇明县令由沙福担任，长沙县令则由原泰州知州刘万春担任。”任思齐继续道。原来的崇明县令在岱山军到达崇明之后，不忿沙福茅十八等人侵占他的权利已经挂冠而去。而刘万春既然不肯投降满清选择跟着来到崇明，对这样的忠贞之人任思齐自然要加以笼络。岱山军现在不缺精锐的士兵将领，缺的是能够管理百姓施政一方的文官。虽然任思齐在岱山建立了书院，可是靠着书院培养人才要到猴年马月。
随着崇明岛高举抗清的大旗，以后会有越来越多的读书人投奔崇明，岱山军要想最终展起来，就要依靠这一批人的力量。
“把这一万多户百姓妥善安置，并且要进行编组，五十户为一甲设立甲长，五百户为一乡，设立乡正。甲长乡正均有县府委派，均为朝廷正式官员，甲长为正九品文官，乡正则为正八品，甲乡之中再各设置一些佐辅官员，一应官员均由县府派出！”任思齐思考着，出了自己对整个崇明岛的规划。
明清两朝，都有一个特点，就是皇权不下乡，导致朝廷对地方控制力非常之弱，地方权力沦入豪绅之手，普通百姓倍受欺压。现在崇明岛一切初创，任思齐决定改变皇权不下乡这种情况。甲长乡正都是有品级的朝廷官员，由府县委派，如此可以把底层权力收回。
“甲长乡正该如何选拔啊？”沈廷扬皱眉道，一万多户意味着需要至少数百名低级官员，这让他觉得颇为为难。
“可以先由从扬州追随来的吏员中选拔出，进行委派，以后以其业绩进行升免。”任思齐道。
从扬州跟过来的吏员足有千余人，这批人熟悉各种政务，正是担任低级官员的最佳人选，至于其中贪婪枉法之徒，自然有其他手段对付他们。(未完待续。)<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>در یادداشت قبلی به بررسی دریافت امضاء الکترونیک پرداختیم و حالا دلایل استفاده از امضای الکترونیک رو مورد بررسی قرار میدهیم.
استفاده از امضاء الکترونیک در قراداد های آنلاین
مقدمه
در فرایند راه اندازی کسب و کارهای آنلاین و انجام تعاملات الکترونیک، شاید بتوان مهم ترین چالش حقوقی را این دانست که آیا اسناد الکترونیک و مکاتبات آنلاین دارای قابلیت استناد دهی هستند یا نه؟ آیا توافقاتی که به صورت آنلاین انجام می گیرد را می توان معتبر دانسته و در دعاوی یا اختلافات آتی از آن بهره برد؟ به چه روشی می توان قصد طرفین در انعقاد یک قرارداد را به صورت الکترونیک محرز دانست.
همانطور که می دانید در غالب موارد افرادی که در صدد راه اندازی کسب و کار آنلاین هستند مذاکرات و مکاتبات خود را در بستر اینترنت به انجام رسانده و به شدت از تنظیم اسناد و مکاتبات کاغذی دوری می کنند. در چنین فضایی بسیار حائز اهمیت خواهد بود که درک صحیحی از امکان استناد به ادله الکترونیک و بهره برداری از آن ها داشته باشیم، چرا که عدم شناسایی این اسناد ما را از حجم زیادی از مدارکی که در حل و فصل اختلافات راهگشا می باشند محروم خواهد نمود.
نظری بر قوانین در حوضه امضای الکترونیک
در این رابطه به نظر می رسد مقدمتا نیاز باشد نگاهی به قانون تجارت الکترونیک مصوب ۱۳۸۲ بیندازیم:
ماده ۲ این قانون امضاء الکترونیک و امضاء الکترونیک مطمئن و امضا کننده را تعریف می کند:
“امضاء الکترونیک: عبارت از هر نوع علامتمنضم شده یا به نحو منطقی متصل شده به «داده پیام» است که برای شناسائی امضاءکننده«داده پیام» مورد استفاده قرار میگیرد.”
” امضاء الکترونیک مطمئن: هر امضای الکترونیکی است که مطابق با ماده (۱۰) این قانون باشد.”
“امضا کننده: هر شخص یا قائممقام وی که امضای الکترونیکیتولید میکند.”
در ادامه، ماده ۶ همان قانون اسناد الکترونیک یا داده پیام را در حکم نوشته می داند و در هر جایی که یک نوشته از نظر قانون لازم باشد، داده پیام را جایگزین مناسب می داند، جز در موارد استثنائی.
به علاوه، ماده ۷ نیز صراحتا اعلام می کند ” هرگاه قانون، وجود امضاء را لازم بداند امضای الکترونیکی مکفی است.”
اما در باب اینکه چه امضائی را می توان امضاء الکترونیکی مطمئن دانست، ماده ۱۰ همان قانون می گوید امضائی که نخست، نسبت به امضا کننده منحصر باشد، دوم، هویت امضا کننده داده پیام را معلوم نماید، سوم، به وسیله امضا کننده یا با اراده انحصاری او صادر شده باشد و آخر، به نحوی به یک داده پیام متصل شود که هر تغییری در آن داده پیام قابل تشخیص و کشف باشد را می توان امضا الکترونیکی مطمئن دانست.
امضاء الکترونیک [عادی]
با نظری مجدد بر تعریف قانونی و نظر صاحبنظران می توان مدعی شد هر گونه علامت، نوشته، رسم یا نمادی که به یک سند الکترونیک (داده پیام) ضمیمه یا متصل شده و بیانگر آن باشد که این سند توسط شخص خاصی امضا شده است را می توان امضاء الکترونیک دانست. از این قبیل می توان به اسکن تصویر امضاء، شیوه خاصی از درج نام و مشخصات که در پانویس ایمیل ها درج می شود یا حتی نگارش نام و نام خانوادگی در انتهای فکس ها یا اسناد پی دی اف اشاره نمود. در حقیقت، هر گاه شخصی نام و نام خانوادگی یا تصویر یا علامت خاصی را به عنوان امضاء خود ذیل اسناد الکترونیکی یا هر داده پیامی درج نماید، آن سند با توجه به قانون تجارت الکترونیکی یک سند عادی تلقی شده که البته اعتبار آن بر اساس ماده ۱۳ همان قانون می بایست در مرحله طرح دعوا و حل و فصل اختلاف و پس از رسیدگی قاضی تعیین شود. اگر بخواهیم کمی شفاف تر بگوییم، همانطور که هر گونه سند عادی (در مقابل اسناد رسمی که توسط اشخاص صلاحیت دار مثل دفاتر اسناد رسمی صادر می شوند) در فرایند رسیدگی قضایی اعتبارسنجی شده و طرفین می توانند به اصالت آن اعتراض کنند (ادعای انکار و تردید) و در نهایت دادگاه اصالت آن سند را تشخیص می دهد، در مورد اسناد الکترونیکی (داده پیام) که با امضاء الکترونیک [عادی] امضاء شده اند هم اینگونه رفتار خواهد شد و دادگاه در مرحله رسیدگی در صورت وجود اختلاف بر اصالت آن ها به بررسی شواهد و قرائنی خواهد پرداخت که مشخص می کند آیا امضاء الکترونیک [عادی] ذیل سند از سمت امضا کننده صادر شده است یا نه.
امضاء الکترونیک مطمئن
اگر اسناد الکترونیک (داده پیام) دارای امضاء الکترونیک [عادی] را معادل اسناد عادی فیزیکی بدانیم، می توانیم بگوییم اسنادی که با امضاء الکترونیکی مطمئن امضاء شده اند نیز مشابه اسناد رسمی خواهند بود. همانطور که در بالا عنوان شد، هر گاه یک سند الکترونیکی دارای امضاء عادی مبادله شود در مرحله صدور و تبادل این اسناد نمی توان به این اطمینان رسید که آیا واقعا سند مزبور توسط شخص مقابل صادر شده است یا شخص دیگری امضاء مزبور را ذیل آن متن اضافه کرده است و بررسی این موضوع در مرحله رسیدگی قضایی امکان پذیر خواهد بود. در مقابل، امضاء الکترونیک مطمئن می تواند این مزیت را به افراد اعطا کند که در مرحله تهیه و مبادله اسناد الکترونیک، طرفین نسبت به این مسئله اطمینان حاصل نمایند که قطعا سند مزبور از شخص امضا کننده صادر شده و دادگاه نیز هرگز نمی تواند تصمیم بگیرد که سند مزبور توسط آن شخص صادر نشده است.
پیشنهادها:
با توجه به آنچه در باب امضاء الکترونیک [عادی] و امضاء الکترونیک مطمئن ذکر شد پیشنهاد می شود شاغلین در کسب و کارهای اینترنتی و افرادی که نیازمند انعقاد قراردادهای الکترونیکی و نیز مکاتبات برخط هستند:
نخست، در مورد قراردادهای اصلی و توافقنامه هایی که واجد آثار مهم حقوقی هستند طرفین از امضاء الکترونیک مطمئن استفاده نموده و از انعقاد قراردادها با اسناد فیزیکی عادی یا اسناد الکترونیک (داده پیام های) دارای امضاء الکترونیک [عادی] پرهیز نمایند.
دوم، جهت تسهیل امور، در قراردادهای اصلی خود شرطی جهت شناسایی آدرس های ایمیل و حساب های کاربری آنلاین طرفین قرارداد پیش بینی نمایند تا در صورت دریافت داده پیام و اسناد الکترونیک از طرق مزبور، امکان رد انتساب آن اسناد و انکار امضاهای الکترونیک آن ها توسط طرفین وجود نداشته باشد. به علاوه در قراردادهای اصلی خود شرط دیگری را جهت شناسایی امضاء الکترونیک [عادی] پیش بینی نمایند که به موجب آن شرط در صورتی که یک سند دارای امضاء مزبور (مثلا اسکن امضاء واقعی) باشد، اراده ی قطعی طرف مقابل بر تحقق آن امر قرار گرفته است. مثلا در قرارداد اصلی توافق شود هر کجا اسکن امضاء طرفین در ذیل اسناد درج شده و آن سند از طریق آدرس ایمیل های ذکر شده در آن سند برای طرف دیگر ارسال شد، فرد مزبور صراحتا محتوای آن سند را تایید و اراده قطعی خود را بر پذیرش مفاد آن سند قرار داده است.
سوم، طرفین همواره در تبادلات الکترونیک خود دو رکن “پیشنهاد” و “قبول” را محرز نمایند. به عنوان مثال یکی از طرفین متنی را آماده کرده و ذیل آن امضاء الکترونیک خود را درج نموده و آن را از طریق ایمیل خود (که انتساب آن به وی مطابق بند بالا تایید شده است) برای آدرس ایمیل شریک خود (که انتساب آن هم به شریکش مطابق بند بالا تایید شده است) ارسال نماید و طرف دیگر در پاسخ به آن ایمیل، صراحتا توافق خود با مفاد پیام را اعلام نماید.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>الماس های ملی (melee) مانند ساقدوش برای عروس، گروه کر برای یک اجرای کارناوالی یا مخلفات ((side dish برای یک وعده غذایی در تعطیلات هستند. آن ها برای کشاندن توجه به ستاره ی اجرا و افزایش دلفریبی و جذابیت هستند، نه برای اینکه از چشم را از رویداد اصلی دورکنند.
الماس های ملی که وزنی کمتر از ۰.۲ قیراط دارند، در مقایسه با سنگ های بزرگتر، گران نیستند؛ در نتیجه عموما می توانند به عنوان نقطه تاکید خیره کننده در جواهرات و ساعت ها به کار روند. روشنایی و درخشش آنها، سنگ اصلی را در یک قاب نگین بهتر جلوه می دهد یا در یک طرح ریلی، الگوی پیچیده ای را می سازد. معمولا به صورت گرد برش داده می شود ولی اشکال فانتزی آن هم وجود دارند؛ مانند امرالد، پرنس، رادیانت و مارکیز.
چالش برای تجارت جواهر: رشد دادن کریستال های الماس کوچکتر، راحتتر و سریع تر است؛ در نتیجه الماس های ملی آزمایشگاهی و شبه الماس ها در مغازه ها فراوان هستند.
با توجه به اندازه کوچک آنها و تعداد زیادی سنگ سست در یک بسته ، الماس های آزمایشگاهی و دستکاری شده یا شبه الماس ها را می توان با الماس طبیعی مخلوط کرد و عرضه کرد.
GIA این چالش را در سال ۲۰۱۶ با یک سیستم آنالیز ملی برای الماس های گرد، رایج ترین شکل ملی، یک سیستم خودکار که به سرعت و با دقت الماس های سایز ملی را آنالیز و مرتب می کند، برطرف کرد. هدف از فرآیند خودکار، به حداقل رساندن درصد الماس های طبیعی است که برای آزمایش بیشتر ارجاع می شود.
تام موزس ، معاون اجرایی رئیس و مدیر بخش آزمایشگاه و تحقیقات گفت: “این بهترین ابزاری می باشد که ۱۰۰ درصدالماس های طبیعی را الماس های آزمایشگاهی و شبه الماس ها را تفکیک می کند. “با این وجود هیچ ابزار واحدی در جهان نمی تواند ۱۰۰ درصد الماس های طبیعی را از مصنوعی تمییز دهد، زیرا همیشه درصد کمی از الماس طبیعی وجود دارد که ویژگی های مشابه سنگ های ساخته شده توسط انسان یا دستکاری شده را نشان می دهد.”
دستگاه غربالگری الماس ملی فانتزی. عکس از: Mitchell Lyn
میلیون ها میلیون از الماس های گرد ریز از آن به بعد آنالیز شدند، اما به گفته Moses ، نیاز به غربالگری الماس های ملی فانتزی شکل نیز وجود دارد.
به گفته ی Moses، “به عنوان مثال ، صنعت ساعت ، از بسیاری از الماسهای فانتزی استفاده می کند و طرفدار الماس های طبیعی و با کیفیت ملی است. آنها اغلب به تأمین کنندگان وابسته هستند تا تضمین کنند که ملی فانتزی شکل آنها طبیعی است و ساخته دست بشر نیست. ” بسیاری از تأمین کنندگان الماس برای تأمین نیازهای مشتریان خود می خواهند که شکل ظاهری فانتزی خود را توسط موسسه GIA غربال کنند.
دانشمندان GIA که روی مقاله غربالگری ملی های فانتزی شکل کار می کنند ، مجموعه ای از اصول عملیاتی و فن آوری لیزر را ایجاد کردند که به اعتقاد آنها این کار پیچیده را اداره می کند. تیم دانشمندان ، به همراه مهندسان گروه ابزارآلات GIA ، برای ایجاد نمونه اولیه با هم همکاری کردند. پس از آزمایش ، مهندسان نرم افزار و مکانیک به ایجاد یک سیستم کاملاً اتوماتیک برای غربالگری در مقیاس بزرگ الماسهای ملی فانتزی شکل کمک کردند.
Moses گفت: روند توسعه فناوری و ساخت سیستم جدید حدود سه سال طول کشید ، اما تیم از نتایج راضی است. در مقایسه با ابزار قبلی برای الماس ملی، این مورد الماس طبیعی کمتری را برای آزمایشات بیشتری ارجاع میدهد.
Moses گفت: “با این ابزار جدید ، ما می توانیم هر شکل از الماس های ملی را آنالیز کنیم.” “این دستگاه جدید از اصول و تکنیک های جدید آنالیز برای تشخیص الماس های ملی آزمایشگاهی و شبیه سازی شده از الماس طبیعی استفاده می کند – و می تواند آن را بسیار کارآمدتر و دقیق تر از گذشته انجام
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将有助将相关附属公司的负债大幅减少至可持续及可管理的水平，并符合集团的业务需要。
通过推行财产保护诉讼程序，相关附属公司旨在有效地重组其所有债务和长期租赁合同，并可从德国联邦就业局（German Federal EmploymentAgency）获得德国员工的薪金和社会保障金的资助，以及为更灵活的解决方案与劳动委员会进行谈判。
据了解，德国是思捷环球团最大的地区市场，于19\20财政年度上半年录得收入30.07亿港元，占总收入的52.2%，按本地货币计算按年减少9.8%。截至2019年12月31日，思捷环球在德国拥有114家零售门店。
此外，思捷环球也表示，公司一直努力不懈地确保所有其他欧洲附属公司的业务持续运作，当强制性公众封锁措施解除而门店重新营业时，该等附属公司能恢复正常的业务运作。
另悉，思捷环球也推出相关措施来应对疫情带来的影响，如集团正在积极探索各种途径来加强其财务状况，包括已根据德国及其他欧洲国家有关当局针对全球性大流行病宣布的财务援助计划申请支助；其亦将继续寻求进一步的融资方案，并与所有债权人紧密合作，以实现所有利益相关方的最佳共识重组。倘若相关附属公司成功获得足够资金以可持续发展，该诉讼程序将告一段落。
思捷环球预计，受疫情影响，集团在19\20财政年度下半年将产生重大亏损。截至2019年12月31日的上半财年，思捷环球股东应占亏损大幅收窄至3.31亿港元，而2018年同期为17.5亿港元。<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>لکه سفید توت فرنگی که لکه برگی، لکه رامولاریایی، لکه میکوسفرلایی نیز نامیده می شود، در بیشتر مزارع توت فرنگی یافت می شود. نمونه های لکه سفید توت فرنگی از ارومیه، تبریز، گرگان و مازندران جمع آوری شده اند. خسارت این بیماری در مزارع توت فرنگی استان مازندران زیاد است
نشانه های بیماری
علایم این بیماری بیشتر روی برگ ظاهر می شوند، ولی ممکن است روی میوه، دستک، و کاسه گل نیز دیده شوند. روی برگ ابتدا لکه های کوچک و مدور به رنگ ارغوانی تند با حاشیه نامشخص، معمولا در رویه بالایی پهنک ظاهر می شوند. لكه ها با گذشت زمان بزرگ تر می شوند و قطرشان به ۳ تا ۶ میلی متر می رسد. در این مرحله قسمت مرکزی لکهها ابتدا قهوه ای، سپس خاکستری و سرانجام سفیدرنگ می شوند از ویژگیهای لکه های این بیماری، وجود نواری به رنگ ارغوانی متمایل به قرمز در پیرامون قسمتهای بافت مرده لکه هاست.
در سطح زیرین برگ نیز ممکن است لکه ها ظاهر شوند، ولی معمولا کم رنگ تر از رنگ لکه های واقع در رویه بالایی پهنک هستند. گاهی چند لکه به هم متصل شده، باعث خشکیدگی بخشهای وسیعی از برگ می گردند. در شرایط مناسب رطوبتی و دمایی محیط، ویژگیهای لکه ها تغییر می کنند. در این شرایط لکه های ایجاد شده روی برگهای جوان، فاقد بخش سفید در مرکز و حاشیه ارغوانی در پیرامون هستند. لکه های ایجاد شده روی دمبرگ، ساقه های رونده (دستکها) و میوه تقریبا ویژگیهای لکه های واقع در سطح فوقانی برگ را دارند.
عامل بیماری
بیمارگر لکه سفید توت فرنگی Mycosphaerella fragariae است و شکل غیر جنسی آن Ratulatrict rulaasvi نام دارد. در مزارع توت فرنگی معمولا فرم غیر جنسی قارچ دیده می شود. پریتس های قارچ سیاه، تقریبا کروی و روزنه دارند. در مرحله جنسی، سختینه هم تشکیل می شود که شبیه پریتس ولی فاقد حفره است. آسکها استوانه ای تا گرزی شکلند و پایه کوتاهی دارند. اسكوسپورها بی رنگ و دو سلولی اند و هر سلول دارای دو لکه روغنی است. در شکل غیر جنسی، کنیدیها استوانه ای کشیده، بی رنگ و یک تا ۵ سلولی اند. کنیدیوفورها کوتاه، ساده، بی رنگ و بیشتر اوقات کمی خمیده اند و جای کنیدی روی آنها مشخص است. در ایران فرم جنسی قارچ گزارش نشده است.
عامل بیماری
عامل بیماری می تواند به صورت کنیدی های ایجاد شده در لکه های برگ و سختینهها با آسكوسپورهای مستقر در پریتس های تشکیل شده در بعضی از لکه ها از سالی به سال دیگر باقی بماند، ولی بیشتر به صورت کنیدی تولید شده در محل لکه ها، زمستان گذرانی می کند (شكل ۷-۱۱). کنیدیهای تشکیل شده در محل لکه ها با قطرات باران و باد انتشار پیدا کرده، در سطح برگها مستقر شده، در شرایط مناسب جوانه زده، از راه روزنه ها و به ندرت به طورمستقیم وارد برگ شده و عفونت ایجاد می کنند.
استروماهای قارچ پس از وقوع عفونت در زیر اپیدرم تشکیل می شوند. دسته های مجتمع کنیدیوفور معمولا از محل روزنه ها به خارج رشد کرده، کنیدی های فراوان تولید می کنند. این فرایند در فصل رشد در شرایط مناسب چندین بار تکرار می شود. در اواخر فصل رویش در شرایط خاص ممکن است پریت های قارچ نیز تشکیل شوند و از این رو آلودگیهای اولیه در فصل بهار می توانند ناشی از آسكوسپور نیز باشند. در برگهای خشک شده به ندرت سختینه های قارچ نیز تشکیل می شوند که در بهار کنیدیها را به وجود می آورند. بارندگی یا رطوبت نسبی ۹۰ تا ۱۰۰ درصد از عوامل مهم بروز بیماری و شدت آن است. برگهای میان سال از برگهای جوان و پیر حساس ترند.
مبارزه
برای جلوگیری از شیوع این بیماری توصیه می شود از ارقام محتمل و بوته های سالم استفاده شود. در مواردی که ارقام حساس و شرایط بروز بیماری مهیا هستند، برای کنترل بیماری می توان از قارچ کشهای مناسب و مجاز بهره گرفت و مزارع توت فرنگی را به فواصل معین، بسته به شرایط محیطی سمپاشی کرد.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>- eSchool News - http://www.eschoolnews.com -
5 stimulating web apps that will engage K-5 students
Posted By Contributor On August 25, 2014 @ 5:00 am In Best Practices News,Featured Best Practice,How-to,Mobile and Handheld Technologies,Top News | Comments Disabled
As the world is ever changing, so are the students we teach. We, as teachers, can’t just open up a textbook and teach a lesson like we did 10 years ago. Modern day students have grown up in a world of iPads and smart phones—a world of constant stimulation.
Now, they need teachers who can provide lessons that are just as stimulating. We must evolve with the learner and update our teaching strategies so that they are engaging, motivating, and hold our students’ interests.
Here are a handful of web tools I’ve used in my elementary classroom that will create a stimulating educational environment.
Voice Thread
This is an interactive collaboration tool that lets students add audio or text commentary to videos and images. Their peers can then log onto the website and add their own comments or draw right on the original document. The kids really love to read and listen to everyone’s feedback.
It’s very easy to figure out how to use this tool. For example, you can post a math problem, and each student could respond showing how to solve it using the Voice Thread tools. In my classroom, I posted a world map on to the Voice Thread application and asked students: Where did your family originate from? Each student circled the area and explained it either by video, audio, or text. They loved it.
You can use a Voice Thread for storytelling, deep thinking, or even as a research tool. For example, I had students research parts of the human body, and then they posted their facts onto human body diagrams that I posted. The end result becomes a showcase of what the students have learned. Teachers are always looking for ways to see if their students are mastering concepts. Often, they have students take a test or write a report. Using Voice Thread as an alternative form of assessment allows teachers to evaluate students’ knowledge creatively—plus, it’s free!
(Next page: More engaging apps)
Voki allows people to create their own talking, animated character, which can range from a dog to the President. Students type in what they want their Voki to say, and the Voki repeats it back, word for word. Users can make the animations easily and send them via e-mail or attach them on a website. I use Voki not only to announce the selected Student of the Month, but also for more serious projects where students might make the Voki teach the class a concept in social studies, science, or health.
Students love using Voki because they can select their own characters, sounds, and backgrounds. Sometimes kids are nervous about speaking in front of the class, so this is a great way for students to express their ideas in a fun, stress-free way. More outgoing students also can feel free to use their own voice for their Voki.
BrainPOP is an educational website that includes hundreds of animated movies for students to watch, in subjects ranging from music to engineering. The videos include cute characters that add a little bit of humor to what otherwise might be a dull topic. I often use BrainPOP to introduce my lessons. For example, if I were about to teach my class about idioms, I’d log onto BrainPOP and click a video on the subject so that my students can gain background knowledge. This makes it much easier to continue on with the lesson. After viewing the videos, students can take quizzes to see how well they retained the material.
Kids are very stimulated by computer graphics and animations, so BrainPOP is a great tool to incorporate into your lesson. I would say I use it about three times a week. My school pays a yearly fee for subscriptions to BrainPOP and BrainPOP Jr. (which is for grades K-3 specifically). While school and district subscriptions are available, teachers interested in the service also can purchase a classroom subscription.
Students can only last a certain amount of time before they stop listening. During a hectic school day, a teacher might need to stop what he or she is doing for a “brain break”—such as doing some indoor exercises or throwing a ball and incorporating educational questions. If none of those sound appealing, try the website GoNoodle!
GoNoodle provides classrooms with awesome brain break videos on different themes. You can select a relaxing or energizing video, depending on the time of day. The website requires you to sign up for its service, but it’s free to use. My favorite video is called “Flow,” and I use it before administering any major testing. While students are instructed to take deep breaths, the video uses wonderful imagery of a balloon flying through the air. It’s very relaxing.
I believe these brain break videos improve student academic performance. When students are not stressed, they end up making better choices while testing. So if you have some students who have test anxiety, I recommend using GoNoodle.
(Next page: The final app that Sheree recommends)
QR Codes
I haven’t tried this last one just yet… but I had to include it because I am so thrilled about the idea. Every year I try to find something new to use in the classroom, and recently I discovered how Quick Response (QR) codes can be creatively incorporated into the classroom.
Here’s what you can do. After your students read a book, have them create an audio or visual book review. Upload their work to your website and create a QR code out of it. (There are many easy-to-use QR code generators online that can be found through a quick Google search .) Then, print out and place the QR code on the back cover of the book so that future readers can scan it with their smart phone or tablet. After listening to or reading the review, students can decide whether they want to read the book.
You can also have students create QR codes for a research project. Let’s say, for a project-based learning activity, a group has to create a bulletin board with all of their research findings. Have the group create a podcast explaining their bulletin board. Post it on a website. Then create a QR code for that web link. If you attach the QR code to the bulletin board, anyone who sees it will be able to access the student’s own explanation of the project.
Sometimes teachers ask themselves, How can my kids showcase their work in a fun way? This can be your answer. QR codes are just another way to present information in a creative and unique way. I’m so excited to use them in my classroom this year.
Sheree Schulson is a second and third grade teacher at Parkside Elementary School in Coral Springs, Fla.
Article printed from eSchool News: http://www.eschoolnews.com
URL to article: http://www.eschoolnews.com/2014/08/25/apps-k5-students-052/
URLs in this post:
Image: http://www.eschoolnews.com/files/2012/01/EdApps.jpg
Voice Thread: http://voicethread.com
Voki: http://www.voki.com
BrainP: http://www.brainpop.com
fee for subscriptions: http://www.brainpop.com/help/subscription_options
GoNoodle: https://www.gonoodle.com
QR Codes: http://www.qrcode.com/en/index.html
quick Google search: http://www.qrstuff.com
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Copyright © 2011 eSchool News. All rights reserved.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>How Powder Coating Operates
Powder Coating is a method of applying a decorative and protective finish to a wide range of parts and materials. The powder coating process uses very fine dry particles of resin with the pigment color of your choice.
The resin powder is applied with a spray gun similar in concept to applying solvent based paint; however, powder coating uses an electrostatically charged technique in which the powders are charged as they move through the spray gun causing them to stick to the grounded part just like metal to a magnet. This allows the powder to adhere to the part through the next step: curing.
The curing process involves heating the coated parts to 400 degrees F for a predetermined amount of time. During this time the powders are melted and fused together to form a very strong and durable finish.
The parts are then allowed to cool and are ready for use immediately.
Since the powder particles adhere to the parts electrostatically, the part surface must be very clean and dry. The powder does not adhere to old paint, primer, or rust. Chemical stripping and/or media blasting of the surface to be coated is recommended, this prepares the part by removing previous finishes, rust and other surface contaminates. Additionally “etching” the metal to provide a textured surface for the powder to adhere to.
After the blasting process is completed the parts must then be chemically pre-treated to ensure a properly cleaned surface for the powder coat to adhere to. This
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name suggests, the neurotransmitter “acetylcholine” is made partly from choline. One of acetylcholine’s main jobs is to allow your cells to communicate with each other.
To produce adequate amounts of acetylcholine for brain function, you require choline in the diet. In addition to its other functions as mentioned above, choline helps breakdown fats, protects cells and is involved in numerous other bodily reactions. Acetylcholine is important for your memory, and for the ability to concentrate and focus. A deficiency may lead to a decline in cognitive function.
And as for depression, scientists have long known that the brain uses the signaling chemical called “serotonin” to ease depression. But they now say that acetylcholine is important, too. Dr. Marina Picciotto from Yale University says, “Acetylcholine disruption may be a primary cause of depression. If we can treat the root cause, perhaps we can get a better response from the patient.”
Foods that are rich sources of choline (needed for acetylcholine production) include meats, dairy, poultry and fish, with the highest levels found in liver. For vegetarians, chocolate, peanut butter, Brussels sprouts and broccoli all contain significant levels of choline. Wheat contains choline, but it’s found only in the “wheat germ,” so you will only get it if you eat whole-wheat products.
Lecithin—found in egg yolks and soy—is a fat-based nutrient frequently used in food processing. It is a rich source of choline and can be purchased in health food stores. You can add it to smoothies to boost the choline content. It is mild tasting and will not change the flavor of your smoothie.
Wheat—the grain source of most breads, pastas, pastries, muffins, bagels etc—is a good source of choline “if” you eat whole grain products. When you choose foods made from white flour (which is the most common source of starchy foods), you will not get the important wheat germ, which is where the choline is found. Go for whole wheat products for adequate quantities of choline.
As the message goes, it is extremely important to eat a diet that is healthy, balanced, natural and rich in unadulterated and unprocessed choices. And when focusing on foods that will feed the brain and help your body create neurotransmitters, you will want to eat a wide variety of all the foods mentioned above. That way, you will be feeding your brain with health-promoting nutrients that build neurotransmitters, allowing your moods and emotions to work at their peak!
McCorry, L. et al. Physiology of the Autonomic Nervous System. American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education. 15 Aug, 2007. 2007 Aug 15; 71(4): 78.
Parslow K. Surviving the American High-Tech Diet. Tate Publishing. Jun 2014.
Picciotto, M. Potential Root Cause of Depression Discovered by NARSAD Grantee. Brain & Behavior Research Foundation. 18 Apr, 2013.
Staff. Tyrosine. University of Maryland Medical Center. http://umm.edu/health/medical/altmed/supplement/tyrosine
Whole Foods. http://www.whfoods.com/genpage.php?tname=nutrient&dbid=50<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Stratejistler Avrupa Borsaları'ndan %3.1 artış bekliyor
Euro Bölgesi'ndeki krizin piyasaya etkisi konuda sıkça endişeleriyle gündeme gelen JP Morgan'dan, Bank of America'ya ve Morgan Stanley'ye kadar birçok dev bankanın stratejistleri, Avrupa'daki Borsalar için 2012 yıl sonu tahminlerinde bulundu. Stratejistlerin tahminlerinin ortalaması, Avrupa borsalarının 2012'yi yüzde 3.1 yukarıda tamamlayacağına işaret ediyor.
Aşağıdaki tablo, Avrupa borsalarının 11 Ocak'taki kapanışını referans almıştır.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Celtuce goes by many different names including Stem Lettuce, Chinese Lettuce, and Asparagus Lettuce. Celtuce (Lactuca sativa var. augustana, angustata, or asparagine) is the most unique of the five lettuce varieties. Originating in the Mediterranean, like most lettuces, it then arrived in China around 600 A.D., making its way to the western world in the 19th century.
Not Like the Others
What makes Celtuce so unique is that, unlike the other lettuces we covered previously, it can be consumed after it has bolted with no effect on flavor. Plus, it doesn’t look like your typical lettuces, but instead more like a cross between lettuce and celery. And yes, both the stem and leaves can be eaten. The stem, or core, can be eaten raw, however cooking it brings out more of its nutty (sometimes almost smoky) flavor, and it retains its crisp texture. Some insist the leaves are bitter, but I find they can highlight a cooked dish quite well, and few of them can brighten any garden salad. Plus, I enjoy the zero waste notion when using the whole plant.
Like the Others
The planting of celtuce is indeed like that of other lettuces and most other cool weather crops and needs to be done in early spring or in late summer to early fall for a later fall crop. It’s best to sow seeds in partial shade about ¼ inch deep and thin to 2” apart. Plants can also be thinned later to about 10” apart once the celtuce has grown large enough to be used as leaf lettuce. The thinned plants can be transplanted to elsewhere in your garden.
As with any lettuce, giving it enough water is critical to allow for proper growth and to prevent disease. When watering, do so with consistent, light waterings that keep the soil moist down to about 1 foot, but don’t allow it to become waterlogged. It’s best to water your plants using drip irrigation and not overhead watering. Allowing your celtuce to keep its leaves dry and feet consistently moist (but not drowning), along with proper ventilation, can help ward off tip burn, rots, mildews, and even insect infestations. Also keeping your garden neat and tidy and planting flowers, such as marigolds, to reduce pests, can help keep your celtuce and the rest of your garden healthy and happy.
When the growing season ends there is no harm in letting your celtuce flower. Doing so will allow it to drop seeds that can become next season’s celtuce crop. However, rotation can help reduce disease and pest problems. So do what is best for your garden and keep your celtuce in tiptop shape.
Reaping What You Sow
As you go to harvest celtuce be aware that the larger you allow the stems to grow, the more likely they will be bitter and woody. It’s best to harvest stems at no larger than 1” in diameter. The leaves can be picked at any time, but those in the earlier part of the growing season tend to be less bitter. Once you remove the leaves from the stems, store them separately in the refrigerator, and away from any apples, pears or bananas. These fruits release ethylene gas, which is a natural ripening agent and will lead to a much quicker deterioration of your celtuce, or any lettuce.
In a serving (100 grams) of celtuce, you can expect to find 18 calories, 0 grams of fat, 1 gram of protein, and 4 grams of carbohydrates (2 grams of which is dietary fiber). Celtuce is an excellent source of Vitamins A and C, and the mineral manganese. It is also a good source of Vitamin B-9 (Folate) and offers all the other B’s (except B-12), as well as the minerals calcium, copper, non-heme iron, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, selenium, and zinc.
To boost your nutritional profile with some much needed Vitamin A, C, and B-9, you can add celtuce to your next dinner. As mentioned before you can eat this lovely vegetable raw and toss into your favorite salad. However, one of my favorite dishes to create with this unique lettuce is the following.
Beurre Noisette Celtuce
4 whole stalks of celtuce, leaves attached
6 tablespoons high-quality unsalted butter
2 tablespoon freshly squeezed lemon juice
Salt to taste
Enough beef, chicken, or vegetable stock to just cover the celtuce (approximately 6 cups)
Remove and save leaves from the celtuce
Using a vegetable peeler, peel the celtuce stems
After the initial peeling, a layer of light colored stem will remain. Peel the celtuce again to remove this layer. This layer is quite stringy and tough.
Continue to peel the celtuce until only the light green, translucent core remains
Cut the core into 2-inch pieces
Over medium to high heat, heat stock in a saucepan large enough to hold the celtuce core pieces and the stock
Add celtuce core pieces and simmer until tender when pierced (~10 minutes). Don’t overcook the celtuce, as it will fall apart
Remove the celtuce core pieces from the stock and pat dry
Melt butter over low to medium heat in a separate sauté pan. It’s best to use a pan with a light-colored bottom in order to note the color change of the butter.
Swirl pan occasionally to ensure butter is cooking evenly. As the butter melts, it will begin to foam and the color will evolve from the buttery yellow to a golden-tan to its final color of hazelnut brown.
Once you smell a slightly nutty aroma, add the celtuce core pieces and sauté.
Turning the pieces occasionally, cook until lightly browned on each side
Remove the celtuce core pieces from the pan and keep warm
Add the celtuce leaves to the pan and sauté until just wilted
Place the leaves on the plate, atop the celtuce core pieces
Add the lemon to remaining butter in the pan
Swirl to warm through
Drizzle the lemon butter over the celtuce pieces and leaves
Salt to taste
Serve immediately while it’s still warm
Make this dish at home, impress your family and friends, and enjoy a unique and warming dish inspired by your garden!
Everything has its season….
Well, there you have it my friends, the last of the lettuce articles. I hope you enjoyed the trip down lettuce lane and maybe found some new varieties of lettuce to enjoy and new recipes to create. I encourage you in your next gardening adventure to incorporate, one, if not all, of these wonderful lettuce varieties. So, whether you’re a fan of the Crisphead, Butterhead, Romaine, Loose-leaf, or the Celtuce, enjoy your lettuce, your garden, and time spent in the kitchen. Grow on my friends, and stay healthy and happy!
Reader, L. December 18, 2003. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension, Maricopa County Journal. A Bountiful Garden. Lettuce for the Cool Season. https://cals.arizona.edu/maricopa/garden/html/pubs/1203/landscaping.html
United States Department of Agriculture. May, 2016. United States Department of Agriculture. Agricultural Research Service. National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference Release 28. Basic Report: 11145, Celtuce, raw. https://ndb.nal.usda.gov/ndb/foods/show/2916?fgcd=&manu=&lfacet=&format=&count=&max=50&offset=&sort=default&order=asc&qlookup=celtuce&ds=&qt=&qp=&qa=&qn=&q=&ing=<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Creating a green-friendly living environment can provide major cost savings and quality of life benefits for homeowners. In many cases, a few small changes and improvements can make a big difference in utility costs and environmental impact inside the home and in the surrounding area. Here are five simple ways to reduce the carbon footprint and increase the comfort and value of the family residence.
Control Erosion with Native Plantings
Landscaping the lawn and surrounding area properly can reduce runoff and limit water pollution from fertilizers, weed control applications and other chemical lawn treatments. Native plants are an ideal choice for landscape applications, as they are naturally suited to the climate and the terrain of the area in which they originated. Be cautious when introducing new plants to the outdoor environment. In some areas, these exotic invasive plants have taken over areas once dominated by native plant species, damaging fragile ecosystems and creating more problems for the local environment.
Reduce Temperatures for a Smaller Carbon Footprint
By reducing water heater and furnace temperatures, homeowners can not only cut heating costs but can reduce their overall carbon footprint as well. Fossil fuels can have a major negative impact on air quality and environmental responsibility. By reducing usage and lowering temperatures for these household systems, homeowners can ensure the green-friendly status of their property and manage diminishing environmental resources more efficiently.
Install a Septic Aeration System
For homes with a septic system, installing a septic aerator into the existing septic tank can provide added efficiency and prevent overflows and environmental impacts from these natural wastewater treatment plants. Septic aeration systems introduce oxygen into the tank environment, boosting the growth of aerobic bacteria and providing a more wholesome and efficient way to return wastewater safely to the outside environment. Aerobic septic systems are far more efficient than their anaerobic counterparts and produce fewer odors and overflow incidents. As a result, an aerobic septic tank solution is an ideal investment in environmental responsibility.
Get a Bright Idea
Installing energy-efficient fluorescent lighting can reduce utility bills and conserve electricity in the home environment. Lighting is one of the largest components of energy use in the typical home, so making the switch to these high-efficiency bulbs makes sense financially and from an environmental standpoint. Fluorescent lighting has seen significant improvements in recent years and offers a more natural reading and living environment for homeowners, family members and guests. Available in a wide range of colors and styles, fluorescent lights are an ideal way to go green and save green at the same time.
Reducing the Charges
While rechargeable devices provide significant environmental benefits by reducing the number of batteries consumed and discarded on an annual basis, the recharging stations can consume a considerable amount of energy if they remain plugged in when not in active use. By unplugging these devices after each charging session, homeowners can conserve energy and reduce electric bills significantly.
By taking these five simple steps toward environmental responsibility, homeowners can reap the benefits of green-friendly living and preserve the natural environment for future generations to experience and enjoy.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>功能：你都已成了我的女神了...
使用说明：我迟早让这女人撕下面具露出原本的真脸孔面容
软件介绍：战北城眼里闪过一道略微的歌咏
婚期当然已定了下来.
爸爸妈妈
清丽的小影斜斜的倒影在清洁敞亮的橱窗上
渐渐的往他的衣袋里探了去...
就一贯是个药罐子...
主要功能：你不感应传染这房里仿佛少了些甚么工具吗？于政委一边给战老首长盛饭
软件名称：多看看...
一辆豪华轿车稳稳地停在了别墅门口
想要解脱银钩的束厄狭隘
我能说甚么？他们筹商定的工作
坐在小客厅那优柔的沙发里看电视的战北城
这小妮子明摆着想要挑战他的权威了
否则早就莲开并蒂了
;很是赏识的望着坐在办公桌前专心批阅文件的星夜”“
喊着文风不动地坐在沙发里看电视<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Kwong Wah
副首相拿督斯里旺阿兹莎医生说，政府将重新检讨双轨电动火车服务价格。
她说，国家生活成本行动理事会接获交通部提出检讨电动火车服务价格的要求，该部建议通过取消车资控制和执行车资架构。
她今天主持上述理事会会议后对记者说，交通部也为陆路公共交通机构向该理事会建议，根据服务素质和所提供的设备，监督交通终站管理方的收费。
“这需要考量到消费人的利益，避免加重负担。”
出席会议者包括国内贸易及消费人事务部长拿督斯里赛夫丁、内政部长丹斯里慕尤丁及企业家发展部长拿督斯里礼端。
赛夫丁说，交通部建议根据设施和服务素质，将交通终站分为A、B或C等级，以监督有关收费。
“国家生活成本行动理事会指出，要执行上述建议必须考量消费人利益，以不调高票价加重消费人负担为准。”<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>CHANGING PATTERN OF DISEASES(EMERGING AND RE-EMERGING INFECTIONS) Presented by; Dr. Alteib Yousif Abdelgadir Student of Public and Tropical Health Master program - Patch 11 September 2012
Objectives Key terms Background Emerging and re emerging infections Potential contributing factors Control of infectious diseases Critical epistemology Emerging diseases and globalization Developing global response
By the end of this session, participants are expected to have some ideas about: Emerging diseases, key terms, history and potential contributing factors Control of infectious diseases Emerging diseases and globalization Developing global response
Emerging infections: An infection that has newly appeared in a population or has previously existed but has rapidly increasing in incidence or geographic range Population at risk: A population subgroup that is more likely to be exposed or is more sensitive to the infection than the general population Quarantine: The practice of isolating an individual who has or is suspected of having a disease, in order to prevent spreading the disease to others.
Infections remain a major global public health problem Humans originated in the tropical climate in Africa were affected by the same parasites as other primates in these areas. Humans as hunters moved to more temperate zones and the infectious agents they were exposed to changed due to new climate. In due time hunting gave way to agriculture and domestic animals living in close proximity to human...(opportunity for many zoonotic diseases) to spread to humans
Increase population size and density provided ideal conditions for further spread of person to person spread of infections Humans, food and water became reservoirs for many of these infections Trade routes became established and movement of people and goods carried new pathogens to susceptible populations
A climate of irrational fear has been a common feature of responses to infectious diseases for many centuries ( before and after the role of microorganism as a causative agents). Germ theory: Theory that all contagious diseases are cause by microorganism ( 1870) Control of infectious disease became through the work of Robert Koch and Louis Pasteur and the isolation and identification of the etiological agent
Nature of infectious diseases changing not only in magnitude but also inability of science to provide all answers because of: New disease notably HIV/AID, SARS Ancient and re-emerging diseases such as tuberculosis, diptheria ( these had
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dalla comunicazione attraverso i network è una coordinazione globale di piccoli gruppi, che operano su scala mondiale nella logica del p2p.
Le gerarchie, il mercato, e persino la democrazia rappresentativa non sono altro che mezzi per assegnare scarse risorse, e non possono essere applicati in contesti in cui risorse abbondanti sono assegnate in modo diretto tramite un processo sociale di cooperazione. In ogni caso, dato che la pura logica P2P funziona al massimo delle sue possibilità solo nella sfera dell'abbondanza, dovrà sempre inserirsi all'interno di strutture capaci di assegnare le risorse nella sfera della scarsità materiale.
La leadership di un governo P2P può essere definita come la combinazione di due elementi: la capacità di attrarre una cooperazione volontaria, e un arbitraggio a posteriori basato sul grado di reputazione (reputation capital) così ottenuto. In ogni caso, lo stesso processo di produzione è una proprietà emergente dei network cooperativi.
La proprietà P2P è una forma di proprietà post-capitalista in quanto non-esclusiva, e crea beni comuni con costi di riproduzione marginali.
Ci sono due forme principali di proprietà P2P.
Una si basa sulla condivisione individuale delle espressioni creative, ed è dominata dalle licenze Creative Commons che permettono all'individuo di determinare il livello di condivisione.
L'altra si applica alla produzione P2P che nasce dalle opere comuni, e prende la forma della General Public License o di licenze derivative o alternative, e richiede che ogni cambiamento all'opera appartenga all'opera stessa.
2. Le Condizioni Per L'Espansione Dell'Economia P2P
Photo credit: Jenny Solomon
L'economia P2P si sviluppa naturalmente nella sfera della produzione immateriale. In questa sfera, accedere alla distribuzione delle risorse è relativamente facile.
L'espansione dell'economia P2P dipende da condizioni culturali e legali. Richiede:
- materiale culturale grezzo libero e accessibile;
- strutture partecipative per elaborare questo materiale;
- forme di proprietà basate sulle opere comuni per impedire l'appropriazione privata.
Così si ottiene la circolazione delle opere comuni (il concetto è di Nick Dyer-Whiteford), che permette all'economia P2P di espandersi e diffondersi.
In ogni caso l'economia P2P non si limita alla sfera della produzione immateriale.
Anche le risorse fisiche possono essere condivise, se disponibili in un formato distribuito.
Ad esempio: i computer con i loro file e la capacità dei processori. Le automobili possono essere assemblate in un team. Il denaro può essere raccolto dal team come negli scambi finanziari P2P, vedi Zopa o Prosper. La fabbricazione dal desktop, autonoma e personalizzata può abbassare la soglia di partecipazione, creando maggiore modularità e granularità in campi nuovi. Infatti possiamo osservare che la stessa tendenza alla miniaturizzazione, che ha portato ai network di computer, sta prendendo piede anche nel dominio delle macchine. Insieme alla crisi energetica, e all'impoverimento delle risorse naturali, questo porterà probabilmente nei prossimi decenni a un nuovo equilibrio in grado di favorire una rinnovata produzione locale.
Nei processi in cui la produzione di risorse fisiche richieda l'accesso a un capitale finanziario centralizzato, come nella produzione di automobili, si può concepire di dividere la fase di design immateriale dalla vera e propria produzione. Ciò viene già applicato nella logica del profitto. Innocentive ne è un primo esempio. In effetti si può facilmente immaginare la crescita di comunità legate all'open design, su scala globale e locale, con forme di capitalismo che entrano in gioco solo nella produzione di risorse fisiche.
Infine, la relazione tra oggetti fisici, spazio logico, e identificatori digitali potrebbe cambiare, così da promuovere approcci basati sulle opere comuni, vale a dire i commons. L'esperimento delle biclette bianche in Olanda è fallito, perchè non si poteva tracciare il loro percorso, e tutelarle. Ma si possono tracciare biciclette di proprietà comune, tramite transponder (RFID).
Ci sono in effetti novità promettenti nel campo nella cooperazione sociale, che prendono spesso il nome di adventure economy, ed emergono dalla condivisione di beni materiali.
Quest'espansione non è solo una naturale estensione dell'evoluzione tecnica, ma incontra impedimenti strutturali, e pertanto politici. Le forme contemporanee di anti-mercato neoliberali a capitale centralizzato ovviamente impediscono una tale espansione. Ma anche con queste restrizioni, il potenziale di un'economia P2P rimane notevole.
Facciamo ancora attenzione a una cosa. Nella sfera immateriale, diventerà con buona probabilità dominante un'economia P2P non reciproca. E anche nel campo delle risorse concrete vedremo il sorgere di modalità di produzione di tipo P2P.
Ciò significa che il mercato come lo conosciamo oggi potrebbe essere sul punto di cambiare, allontanandosi da un logica di puro capitalismo (in cui si producono merci per lo scambio, in modo da incrementare il capitale), per avvicinarsi a una logica in cui lo scambio sia in funzione della costruzione di partnership.
Provate a pensare al commercio equo (un mercato sottoposto a un arbitraggio P2P), all'imprenditoria sociale (il profitto a scopi sociali), alla base piramidale del capitalismo inclusivo, e ai tanti movimenti politici e sociali che cercano di distinguere forme di mercato valide all'interno di un capitalismo a crescita infinita, come nel caso del movimento per il capitalismo naturale negli Stati Uniti.
3. Adattare il Capitalismo Cognitivo al P2P
Photo credit: Vacuum3d
La produzione, l'economia e la proprietà P2P sono più produttive in termini economici, politici e di distribuzione, rispetto alle loro controparti governative orientate al profitto. Questo perché hanno la capacità di filtrare tutte le forme meno produttive di cooperazione, conservando solo gli atteggiamenti più appassionati.
Nella maggior parte dei casi, la distribuzione offre un metodo migliore per affrontare la complessità, rispetto alla centralizzazione o alla de-centralizzazione. Spesso infatti i sistemi distribuiti adottano caratteristiche di entrambe le tendenze per rendere più efficiente la partecipazione.
Ciò da luogo alla legge della competizione asimmetrica, che afferma che ogni ente orientato al profitto, facendo uso di formati proprietari chiusi (proprietary format), senza partecipazione, tenderà a perdere terreno nei confronti di istituzioni orientate al beneficio che possono avvalersi dell'appoggio delle comunità.
Pensate alla competizione Explorer vs Firefox. Come corollario, ogni ente orientato al profitto (e ogni nazione nelle sue politiche pubbliche) che faccia uso di elementi partecipativi, aperti (come nel caso delle compagnie di software open source) avrà in ritorno anche vantaggi cruciali. E questo garantisce l'adozione sociale di logiche P2P nel cuore della nostra economia.
Finora, l'evidenza empirica suggerisce tre forme emergenti di adattamento tra la sfera della cooperazione P2P, e il campo delle istituzioni e del mercato.
- La sfera della condivisione individuale (pensate ad esempio a YouTube) in cui i link tra chi condivide i contenuti sono deboli: è il modello di business del Web 2.0. In questo modello, una economia etica di condivisione coesiste con piattaforme proprietarie che permettono e incoraggiano questa condivisione, in cambio della vendita dell'attenzione aggregata.
- La sfera dell'economia P2P orientata ai beni comuni, basata su connessioni più forti tra gli utenti come per Linux o Wikipedia: modelli che spesso collegano una comunità capace di auto-governarsi a istituzioni benefiche (Apache Foundation, Wikimedia Foundation, e altre) che forniscono l'infrastruttura necessaria per la collaborazione, insieme a una ecologia di business (business ecology) che crea scarsità intorno ai beni comuni, e in compenso supporta i beni da cui il valore viene derivato.
- Infine, il fenomeno del crowdsourcing avviene quando sono le istituzioni stesse a tentare di creare una struttura in cui la partecipazione possa essere integrata nelle loro catene di valori, e ciò può assumere varie forme. E' generalmente il campo della creazione cooperativa.
Da notare che il valore monetario realizzato dai movimenti di capitale, non è nella maggior parte dei casi dello stesso ordine del valore creato dai processi di innovazione sociale.
Gli utenti-produttori-partecipanti creano direttamente il valore d'uso, i video di YouTube, e la conoscenza e il software nel caso di progetti orientati ai beni comuni. Questo valore è posto in campo comune, liberamente utilizzabile, e pertanto non consiste di prodotti sui quali possa essere imposto un prezzo.
Le piattaforme di social media che vedi fiorire un pò ovunque riescono a sopravvivere vendendo la soglia dell'attenzione del lettore, NON il valore d'uso (use value) che hai creato tu stesso. Nel modello dei commons, i beni comuni possono anche non essere sottoposti direttamente al marketing, grazie alla loro facile reperibilità.
Cosa comporta tutto questo per il mercato?
Oggi è possibile creare ogni forma di valore d'uso senza intervento di capitali, o con capitali minimi.
- Abbiamo a che fare con modalità post-monetarie e post-capitaliste di creazione e scambio di valore, che sono sia immanenti, vale a dire inserite nel mercato sia trascendenti cioè operative al di fuori della sfera del mercato.
- I capitali sono sempre più dipendenti dalle esternalizzazioni positive di questa innovazione sociale, e ne traggono profitto in ogni modo.
- I modelli di produzione P2P parziali, totali o ibridi che abbiamo discusso possono essere sostenuti collettivamente in quanto processi di creazione di valore, ma non offrono una soluzione diretta al problema di una base economica di sopravvivenza per i partecipanti.
La sfida si può quindi descrivere in questi termini:
- abbiamo un processo di innovazione sociale che crea soprattutto valore non-monetario per i partecipanti;
- potremmo incontrare un crescente divario tra la possibilità di creare valore post-monetario, e i valori di scambio derivativi che vengono realizzati dalle imprese;
- i partecipanti impegnati a fondo in questo processo di innovazione non riescono generalmente a trovare una risposta alle proprie necessità di sostegno economico.
Da qui l'impossibilità di realizzare qualcosa di più di una piccola porzione di valore monetario, dal punto di vista di molti agenti commerciali. La precarietà aumenta per chi è impegnato nell'innovazione sociale. In altre parole, l'attuale modello di mercato non sembra ancora avere un processo di distribuzione di ritorno (distribution of wealth) per il valore creato.
Certo potrebbe trattarsi di una crisi temporanea, ma io non credo che lo sia.
La ragione sta nel fatto che il mercato solo indirettamente e parzialmente può fornire una compensazione monetaria per processi che non sono motivati da questa stessa compensazione. Ci servono allora processi più generali di ridistribuzione, che permettano alla società e al mercato di corrispondere concretamente una parte del valore creato.
Una possibilità è l'ulteriore sviluppo di provvedimenti di mercato per il lavoro di transizione, che riconoscano la flessibilità e la mobilità delle carriere contemporanee. Ma per fare ciò abbiamo bisogno di un ulteriore sviluppo: si tratta di capire che i lavoratori di oggi non si spostano solamente da un posto di lavoro all'altro, ma anche verso non-lavori, e che in effetti la cosa più significativa per loro (e per la società in generale) non sono i lavori retribuiti sul mercato, ma gli episodi di produzione appassionata.
Mi sembra perciò che siano necessari provvedimenti più generali, non direttamente legati al lavoro, ma concepiti come compenso economico per l'innovazione sociale. Un provvedimento generale di questo tipo sarebbe probabilmente nella forma di un reddito di base.
4. Le Condizioni di Espansione di un Governo P2P
Photo credit: Maxim Malevich
Il governo P2P funziona perchè la sua economia è basata sulla coordinazione in grande scala di un gran numero di team per la micro-produzione.
All'interno dei team, le decisioni vengono prese in modo partecipativo e consensuale, e una coordinazione globale è accettata volontariamente e ormai tecnicamente fattibile. Le piccole tribù, vittime delle gerarchie, vengono riabilitate in un nuovo formato di collettività cyber affini tra loro.
Un lato positivo è anche che un'economia P2P espande la sfera dell'autonomia all'interno della cooperazione, per tutti i campi sociali. Promette infatti di trasformare la produzione in un processo non-gerarchico. Ma come ho già detto un'economia P2P è post-democratica, in quanto non-rappresentativa.
Il lato negativo invece è dovuto a una restrizione: un'economia P2P infatti richiede un consenso a priori sull'obbiettivo comune. Ma la società per definizione nega tale consenso: è una collezione decentralizzata di interessi e visioni del mondo in competizione, piuttosto che un network distribuito di agenti liberi. Perciò la società in generale non ha alternative rispetto a un nuovo scenario politico democratico, a cui dare nuova vita per mezzo della rappresentazione.
In ogni caso, così come il mercato può trarre ispirazione da se stesso ed essere riformato dal P2P o da principi di partnership (come nel commercio equo che è soggetto all'arbitraggio P2P), possiamo anche avere un'economia globale basata su stakeholder aperti su più fronti, in formato P2P. E in ogni caso la sfera dell'autonomia, vale a dire del puro governo, può sostanzialmente espandersi anche all'interno delle strutture del governo democratico.
Fine parte 1
L'autore:
Michel Bauwens (1958), belga, è un esponente della Filosofia Integrale e teorico del Peer-to-Peer. Ha lavorato come consulente Internet, information analyst per la United States Information Agency, information manager per British Petroleum (dove ha creato uno dei primi centri di informazione virtuale), ed è stato editor-in-chief del primo magazine europeo per la convergenza digitale, l'olandese Wave. Con Frank Theys, è il co-creatore di un documentario di tre ore chiamato TechnoCalyps, un'esame della 'metafisica della tecnologia'. Ha curato due antologie in lingua francese sulla Antropologia della Società Digitale.
Michel è l'autore di alcuni essay online, inclusa la tesi Peer to Peer and Human Evolution, ed è editore di P2P News.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>پشتیبان گیری اجزا - لایفری 7.1 - Help
Knowledge Base Display
پشتیبان گیری اجزا
گاهی نیاز دارید تا از اجزا یا بخشی از کدهای اجزا در سایت یا مکان دیگر استفاده کنید. یک راه ساده پشتیبان گیری مجموعه های اجزا است.
صدور اجزا
- صدور یک مجموعه واحد.
- صدور برخی از اجزای خارج از یک مجموعه
برای صدور یک مجموعه واحد
- برو به مدیریت سایت ¬ ساخت ¬ اجزای صفحه
- کنار مجموعه ها روی () کلیک و دریافت فایل آرشیو را انتخاب کنید
- یک یا چند مجموعه را برای دریافت فایل آرشیو انتخاب کنید
شکل 1: انتخاب مجموعه ها برای آرشیو
هر مجموعه
zip. شامل تمام داده های موجود در مجموعه و همچنین قطعاتی است که در آن قرار دارد.
برای صدور اجزای جداگانه،
- روی مجموعه ای که می خواهید فایل آرشیو بگیرید کلیک کنید
- برای صدور همه اجزای موجود در مجموعه بدون صادر کردن اطلاعات مجموعه، روی () کنار نام مجموعه کلیک و دریافت فایل آرشیو را انتخاب کنید. یک فایل
zip.به طور خودکار ایجاد و دانلود
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tend to run together, so it can become difficult to reflect on the reality of your efforts in comparison to what you think is going on. The best way to make sure you’re practicing optimal prevention for your oral health is to take time to consider the details of your dental hygiene. Not sure how to do this? Quiz yourself! You may discover you’re already taking the necessary steps.
Quiz Questions: True or False?
- True or False: If you’re paying attention to the minutes regarding your daily dental hygiene, it’s important to remember the number “2” because it’s the amount of minutes you should spend brushing your teeth (each time).
- True or False: When considering what’s happening on a daily basis, protecting your oral health means you should remember to brush your teeth two times and floss your smile one time.
- True or False: If you’re reflecting on what’s you’re doing to keep your smile healthy on a monthly basis, we encourage you to remember that every time six months pass, you should be coming into our practice to see us for your preventive care appointment.
- True. When you practice the brushing part of your dental hygiene session every day, it should take you two minutes. You should be doing this twice for a total of four minutes of daily brushing.
- True. Fortunately, protecting the health of your smile when you’re home really is as simple as ensuring your daily care includes brushing (twice) and flossing (once).
- True. You know that your brushing and flossing is extremely effective for your oral health care but that it will only carry you so far. Good new: Completing the job only requires seeing us twice for a cleaning and checkup every year.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Questo appartamento con 2 camere da letto sulla Friedrich-Junge-Straße, Friedrichshain, copre una superficie di 75 m² e dispone di 1 bagno, soggiorno, cucina completamente attrezzata e balcone. La struttura si trova vicino al fiume Spree, alla stazione Ostkreuz, ai negozi e al Treptower Park.
In primo luogo, per favore procurati i seguenti documenti. Ne avrai bisogno nella fase successiva della tua candidatura, e non sarai in grado di effettuare una prenotazione senza di loro.
Carta d'identità o passaporto
Prova del reddito
Documenti aggiuntivi:
Se ti trasferisci nella seconda parte del mese, per quel mese pagherai solo la metà dell'affitto.
Se lasci l'appartamento durante la prima metà del mese, per quel mese pagherai solo la metà dell'affitto.
La stazione ferroviaria di Berlino Ostkreuz sulla ferrovia suburbana S-Bahn di Berlino è a 14 minuti. È la stazione di scambio più trafficata a Berlino.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Domanda: Siete fascisti? Era il fascismo a imporre traduzioni italiane di tutte le parole straniere. Avete per caso nostalgia del Ventennio, di “arlecchino” al posto di cocktail e “qui-si-beve” invece di bar?
No. Siamo un gruppo apartitico, del quale fanno parte persone di orientamento politico molto diverso tra loro: dalla sinistra alla destra, passando per il centro e per chi della politica si interessa poco. Siamo per la libertà individuale e dunque contro il fascismo e ogni dittatura. La politica linguistica fascista, però, non è l'unica possibile, fortunatamente. Molti Paesi democratici oggi hanno delle politiche linguistiche, come la Francia o la Svizzera, per esempio. Non vogliamo imporre traduzioni o vietare parole, ma stimolare e favorire l'evoluzione dell'italiano anche tramite neologismi e adattamenti, come è stato per secoli e com'è tutt'ora in altre lingue.
Il Fascismo, regime dittatoriale monopartitico al governo in Italia dal 1922 al 1943, dichiarò guerra aperta ai forestierismi a partire dal 1923, con lo scopo di "ripulire la lingua dagli esotismi".
Nel 1937 il ministero della Stampa e della propaganda fu rifondato come ministero della Cultura popolare, più noto successivamente con l’abbreviazione dispregiativa di Minculpop, che nei confronti della stampa ebbe un’influenza decisamente più impositiva. Nello stesso anno, la tassa sulle insegne del 1923 divenne di ben 25 volte superiore, obbligando tutti ad adeguarsi. Così, nel 1938 il Touring Club Italiano diventò la Consociazione Turistica Italiana e i magazzini Standard la Standa, mentre la squadra di calcio milanese Internazionale, oggi Inter, già dal 1928 aveva cambiato il nome in Ambrosiana. Tutto si irrigidì con lo scoppio della Seconda guerra mondiale. La legge del 23 dicembre 1940 (n. 2042) vietò l’uso delle parole straniere nei documenti ufficiali, nelle affissioni pubblicitarie e nelle insegne dei negozi, pena un’ammenda fino a 5.000 lire e l’arresto fino a 6 mesi. Intanto la Reale Accademia d’Italia aveva inglobato l’Accademia dei Lincei, e fu incaricata di sorvegliare gli esotismi e di redigere un vocabolario della lingua italiana (affidato a Giulio Bertoni), visto che nel 1923 il ministro Gentile aveva sottratto questo ruolo storico all’Accademia della Crusca. Il primo volume (A-C) uscì nel 1941, ma fu anche l’ultimo, perché l’opera si interruppe con la caduta del fascismo. La commissione “per l’italianità della lingua” della Reale Accademia che si occupava di stilare le liste di parole vietate con l’indicazione dei traducenti fu invece attiva tra il 1940 e il 1942 con vari bollettini. La maggior parte dei termini erano francesi: hôtel fu rimpiazzato da albergo, grand hôtel da albergo imperiale, garage diventava autorimessa e hangar aviorimessa, il papillon farfallino o cravattino.
Alla fine si contavano circa 1.500 parole sostituite da quelle italiane e, venendo agli anglicismi, bar fu sostituito con mescita o anche qui si beve, dancing con sala danze, danzatoio o balleria e tra le altre parole bandite c’erano alcol (alcole), boy scout (giovane esploratore), cyclostile (ciclostilo), extra-strong (di uso cartario, extra-forte), film (pellicola), gangster (malfattore), pullman (torpedone, corriera, autocorriera), pullover (maglione), sandwich (tramezzino), smoking (giacca da sera), toast (pane tostato e pantosto). Tra i forestierismi ammessi c’erano invece parole usate anche negli scritti di regime come film (fino agli anni Trenta al femminile, “la film”), sport o camion, e anche nel dizionario della Reale Accademia si trovano alcuni forestierismi, per esempio clown, seppure distinto dal corsivo e affiancato dall’italiano pagliaccio. Alcune corrispondenze che circolavano in quegli anni oggi ci appaiono davvero ridicole, come il volere ribattezzare l’insalata russa, patriotticamente, insalata tricolore, oppure la proposta di tradurre cachemir con casimiro.
Tutto questo ha creato in Italia un fantasma che ancora appare ogni qual volta si parli di politica linguistica. L'eredità del Fascismo è pesante, ma è bene ricordare che fortunatamente quello non è l'unico modo di agire nei confronti delle lingue. Le politiche linguistiche e gli interventi dello Stato per promuovere e tutelare le lingue nazionali sono prassi normali. Esistono in tanti Paesi democratici come la Spagna, la Francia, la Svizzera, e anche in regioni italiane quali la Val D'Aosta o la provincia autonoma di Bolzano.
Tutelare e promuovere la lingua italiana non ha nulla a che fare con la limitazione della libertà di espressione. Riguarda invece la protezione di ciò che è locale davanti alla globalizzazione, riguarda la difesa della nostra storia, perché la lingua è il collante della nostra cultura e del mostro Paese. Lo aveva capito già Dante, nel De vulgari eloquentia, quando lamentava la mancanza di una pubblica amministrazione che omologasse la lingua e servisse da modello unico per i vari dialetti e per affermare la lingua delle “genti del bel paese là dove ‘l sì suona”. E infatti, il passaggio dai dialetti al volgare è passato anche attraverso la scelta di utilizzare l’italiano non solo per la letteratura, ma anche nella pubblica amministrazione e negli atti notarili, che avvenne a partire dal XV secolo per consolidarsi nel corso del XVI.
Oggi, però, il linguaggio della politica, delle istituzioni, dell’amministrazione e persino del Ministero dell’istruzione, dell’università e della ricerca (Miur) sta ricorrendo sempre più all’inglese e all’itanglese. Il linguaggio della politica è sempre più infarcito di job, act, tax, spending review, question time, quantitative easing, stepchild adoption, ticket, privacy, premier, welfare… Gli anglicismi si stanno diffondendo persino nel linguaggio delle leggi e del fisco oltre che sempre più sui giornali. Dal 2018 le domande di finanziamento per i “Progetti di ricerca di rilevante interesse nazionale” (Prin) devono essere presentati in lingua inglese. Purtroppo i nostri politici non solo non se ne occupano, non solo sono i primi a introdurre anglicismi nel linguaggio istituzionale e della loro comunicazione, ma sembra che non capiscano l’importanza di una politica linguistica per l’italiano, e che siano più interessati a tutelare l’inglese.
Il gruppo degli Attivisti dell'italiano ha presentato nel marzo 2021 una proposta di legge "dal basso" per l'italiano. Si tratta per la quasi totalità di iniziative di sensibilizzazione. Non si tratta dunque né di vietare parole né di imporne, ma di stimolare la lingua italiana per farla tornare a creare neologismi e adattare parole, che possano circolare accanto agli anglicismi crudi. Poi ognuno sarà libero di scegliere quali parole usare. Puoi leggere i dettagli della proposta nella pagina dedicata.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>The only difference between acts of barbarianism shown by Islamic extremists today and those exhibited by German and Japanese soldiers seventy-five years ago is that today we see them in real time.
What the Germans did to the Jews in the 1930s and 1940s was every bit as barbaric as what ISIS is doing to Jews, Muslims and Christians today. At Auschwitz, Buchenwald, Dachau, Treblinka, and at least 65 other concentration camps in Germany, Poland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Italy, France, Belgium, Netherlands, Croatia and Ukraine, Germans cold-bloodedly murdered between six million and seven million Jews, Roma, and the mentally and physically disabled. They gassed them, shot them and dashed the brains out of small children. In the French town of Oradur-sur-Glane, German soldiers locked all the women and children in a barn and then set it afire.
While the videos of the beheadings of American journalists James Foley and Steven Sotloff incense us (as they should), Japanese soldiers regularly decapitated prisoners. In February 1942, on the Indonesian Island of Ambon, Japanese soldiers randomly selected Dutch and Australian prisoners and executed them via beheadings and bayoneting. In December 1944, on Palawan Island in the Philippines, Japanese guards, wrongly assuming the Allies had arrived, drove their American prisoners into makeshift air raid shelters where they burned them alive. Examples of such cruelties are legion. But reading about such atrocities is not the same as watching them.
Yet today, 69 years after surrendering unconditionally, Japan and Germany are among our strongest allies, with free, democratic governments. From the ashes of that war, they have sprung, Phoenix-like, to become the third and fourth largest economies in the world. But, would that have happened if the United States had not militarily occupied their countries for decades, providing protection and defense, allowing them to concentrate on rebuilding? We still have 50,000 troops in Japan and 40,000 in Germany. Would those countries have achieved that success if the United States had not been instrumental in helping them design new constitutions and governments? Would that have happened had any country, other than the United States, been the conqueror? Has any other country in history been so generous to others with its purse and with the blood of its youth? Can any German or Japanese living today argue that the United States is not a force for good? While no one can hide from the horrors of World War II, no one can deny the success of the peace that followed.
War has always been personal for those who live in its midst, as those throughout much of Europe and on islands in the Pacific and Japan knew full well during World War II, and as those throughout much of the Middle East, North Africa and Ukraine know today. For Americans it became personal on 9/11, but most of our fighting has been on others’ soil. Technology has changed the dynamics of war, not only in the lethality of weapons, but in the bringing of its horrors into our homes. As we sat entranced on our sofas and in our armchairs in the late 1960s and early 1970s, we watched on television American soldiers dying in the rice paddies and jungles of Vietnam.
Social media today means we watch what is happening in the Middle East, including suicide bombers, improvised exploding devices and the decapitation of American journalists, in real time. If they had had today’s audio and visual communications 70 years ago, would the American people have put up with three and a half years of a war that caused the deaths of over 400,000 of its young sons and daughters – almost 400 people every day? I don’t know, but had we not persevered, would Germany and Japan be the success they are? Would we be as free as we are?
Writing specifically about Ukraine, but with observations that apply to the Middle East, Professor John Mearsheimer of the University of Chicago argued in the most recent issue of Foreign Affairs that “realist” global politics require that the solution to the crisis in Ukraine be one that abandons any plan to westernize it. Instead he argues, we should “aim to make it a neutral buffer between NATO and Russia.” While that may be the sensible decision, it likely means giving up the citizens of that country to perpetual poverty, political oppression and military subjection. Should we walk away from those in the Middle East, effectively delivering them to the savages who would brutally rule over them? Geopolitics is a balancing act, but it is important we not cede those ideals and principles that have driven our nation since its founding. On the other hand, Professor Mearsheimer is correct of course when he writes that it would be “the height of folly to create a new NATO member that the other members have no intention of defending.”
The lessons of the past as they apply to the present are multifold. The President and Congress must clearly define the enemy we face and the consequences of doing nothing. As retired four-star General Barry McCaffrey has said, once we decide to enter a conflict, we must have public support with clear goals, and we must enter into war with overwhelming force to win. Victory brings its own challenges and we must not shy away from continued involvement. The history of the post-War world says that those countries in which our troops stayed – Germany, Japan and South Korea – have fared far better than those where our troops were pulled out prematurely – Lebanon, Vietnam, Iraq and Afghanistan.
My purpose is not to suggest that Americans are always in the right, or to make light of today’s Islamic savagery. My purpose is to suggest that no one has a monopoly on barbarity, that there will always be those who will try to destroy our way of life for the liberty it brings, but also that today’s enemies may become tomorrow’s allies. In 1943, if someone had suggested that we would be buying millions of Toyotas and Hondas from Japan and that the Japanese would be our most important ally in the Pacific two generations hence, that individual would have been dismissed as crazy. My purpose is also to argue that when we enter a conflict, it should be to win, and we should stay as long as is necessary. We must understand the consequences of leaving the fields of battle betimes. And, we should never be embarrassed by who we are and the freedoms we represent.
Those who condescendingly insist that the desire for freedom is a Western phenomenon ignore the success of Japan and South Korea. They also forget that Eastern Europeans, who had been kept under the yoke of Communist oppression for two generations, thrived when the Wall came down. It is not as though they were returning to a democratic state, which had been lost to the Nazis and then the Communists. They were descendants of a rigid class system, with a small number of aristocrats and a multitude of peasants. Yet they instinctively understood the benefits of a government that allowed them to keep the bulk of their labor and that protected the private property they were able to accumulate. Why mightn’t that be true in the Middle East?
It may be impossible to ever again fight the kind of war we did seventy years ago, when the press was muzzled, either willingly or by decree
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iki tarafında asılı duran ve buna güvenlik çekici denilen küçük bir çekiç görüyoruz. Birçok kişi gördü ama kullanmadı, Safety Hammer rolünü anlamıyor.
Üçgen uyarı işaretleri eşkenar üçgen yapı ve şeklin içinde ve dışındaydı.
Bir güvenlik çekici, kapalı bölümlere monte edilmiş yardımcı bir kaçış aracıdır.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>کونته: باید برای تک تک نتیجه ها بجنگیم
آنتونیو کونته، سرمربی اینتر، معتقد است که تیمش در نیمه اول برابر تورینو نمایش خوبی ارائه نداده است....
آنتونیو کونته در پایان بازی گفت: " من می خواستم عزم ،خشم و آتشی را ببینم که در فصل گذشته دیدم. تاکنون ما امتیازات زیادی را از دست داده ایم. شما برای پیروزی به همه چیز احتیاج دارید. علاوه بر هوش و تاکتیک به قلب و پا نیز نیاز دارید. ما باید آماده باشیم تا آستین بالا بزنیم و برای تک تک نتیجه ها بجنگیم.
من نیمه اول را دوست نداشتم زیرا اساساً بازی خوبی نمی کردیم. من امیدوارم که این بتواند به عنوان یک زنگ خطر باعث بیداری ما شود."
کونته در ادامه گفت: " من می دانم که من بچه های باهوشی در اختیار دارم که می توانند وضعیت را در لحظات دشوار ارزیابی کنند. هنگامی که من در مورد حل مشکلات صحبت می کنم برخی از موقعیت ها بیش از حد مورد تأکید قرار می گیرند و اگر کسی آن را پیگیری کند باعث نا امیدی من می شود."<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>علیرضا فعلهگری با اشاره به تخریب دو مغازه که در طرح عمرانی قرار داشت، گفت: املاکی که در محدوده شهری است، شناسایی و برای کمک به روان سازی بار ترافیک و تعریض و زیبا سازی تخریب می شوند.
شهردار شهر اسدآباد در گفتوگو با خبرنگار عصر همدان؛ از تخریب دو واحد مغازه در حاشیه شهر خبر داد و اظهار کرد: دو مغازه که در طرح عمرانی شهرداری قرار داشت، با دستور مراجع ذیصلاح و توافق با مالکین تخریب شد.
وی گفت: تخریب این مغازه ها در راستای زیبا سازی ورودی شهر و کم کردن بار ترافیکی، رفاه حال شهروندان و آزادسازی معابر عمومی انجام شده است.
وی تأکید کرد: در محدوده شهری این گونه املاک شناسایی شده اند تا برای کمک به روان سازی بار ترافیک و تعریض و زیبا سازی خیابان در دستور کار قرار بگیرند.
فعلهگری از بازگشایی معبر محله سیدان به سمت شهرک پاسداران خبر داد و گفت: با مالکان برای بازگشایی معابر به توافق رسیدیم که با روان کردن بار ترافیکی و بهبود عبور و مرور شهروندان دغدغه آنها را بر طرف کنیم.
انتهای پیام/ن<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>如何将狗狗训练成工作犬一样服从命令？
笼子对于室内训练是必须的。狗应有一个舒服的休息场所，但却不应终身被锁在笼子里。对于狗的室内训练，2周的笼内限制自由，意味着终身可在屋内自由行动。在笼内喂食狗，然后在一个合理的时间内带狗出去排便。之后又把他关回笼子，并给他玩具和毛毯，直到下一次排便时间到来。对于幼狗，这个时间不能超过2小时。成年狗，不能超过4个小时 狗不喜欢在他玩和睡觉的区域排便。笼子应该有足够的空间让狗站立和转身，但不能大到让他能蹲在边上排便。一旦狗的室内训练完成，就可以让笼子的开着，这将是他放松和休息的好地方。
报纸训练
如果你住公寓不能方便的带狗到户外排便，那你就需要进行&ldquo报纸训练&rdquo。训练方法，在一个个相对封闭的空间，比如厨房或者卫生间的地上扑满报纸，当狗在报纸上排便后，换掉脏的报纸，几天后，拿走部分报纸，使地面的一部分裸露。如果狗在裸露的地面排便，温和的纠正他，然后把他放到报纸上，夸奖他。当他有一点在报纸上排便的概念后，逐渐取走越来越多的报纸，直到最后留下一小块你想让他排便的地方。
外出训练
尽可能多的带幼犬外出。小狗需要经常排便。特别是进食后15至20分钟。当他长大点，这个时间可能会变长。观察到排便的迹象比如轻声哀鸣，或者原地转圈，赶快把狗报到户外。当他在外面排便完后，立刻对他的行为夸奖，使用你喜欢的词(最好固定一个词)。然后在带他回去前配他玩一会儿。小狗就会逐渐明白，在户外排便能够赢得夸奖和在户外玩耍的机会。
犯错了如何处理?
最开始的养狗的时候常发生这种事。不要为这事惩罚你的狗，如果你惩罚他，他下次在屋内排便时只会躲着你。你应该温和，但坚定的对狗说&ldquo不行&rdquo并纠正他，带他到外面，当他已经放松不再紧张的时候，对他说你以前用的表扬他的话。并且你要坚持在下一次他在外面排便时说这些话给他听
如何训练狗定点排便
许多朋友都希望饲养一只活泼、可爱的小狗和自己做伴。但由于工作繁忙和居住条件所限，无法保证按时天天遛狗，怎样解决狗狗的排便问题是件令人苦恼的事情。其实狗是一种很爱干净的动物，定点排便是它们祖先在野外生活时就养成的一种本能，只要您为它准备一套洁具，用正确的方法稍加训练，您的狗就会象绅士一样在自己的厕所大小便。您养宠物的生活也会轻松快乐!
1、固定地点排便训练从何时开始?
当你准备领一只小狗回家之前，应当先为它准备好洁具。从它进门的那一刻开始对它进行耐心细致的辅导。当它在新家中找到一个排便地点，以后都会去找这个地方。所以训练要从第一次开始。
2、怎样及时发现小狗就要便溺呢?
小狗在进食、饮水后很快就会便溺。睡醒时、玩耍后也常会便溺。小狗有便意时往往表现的急促不安，将鼻子贴近地面到处乱嗅。当你发现这些现象时应立即把它抱到洁具上。
3、我把狗抱到洁具上了，可它却不排便怎么办?
当你发现小狗有便意时，千万不要大声叫喊。这样会把它的便意吓回去，正确的做法是动作快、声音轻，把它抱到洁具上。轻唤它拉屎撒尿，此时不要过多抚摩它以免分散它的注意力。重要的是一定要有耐心。
4、当我发现时它已经开始排便了怎么办?
一面迅速、坚决的把它抱到洁具上，一面轻声安抚它，让它继续。请注意：绝对不能把它放在洁具上训斥，这会使它以为在洁具上便溺是错误的，从而对洁具产生恐惧心理。对今后的训练十分不利。
5、当发现时它已经便完了怎么办?
如果是被你抓到了现行，就应当即予以斥责。如果是事后才发现的，那你只能是将污渍清理干净，尽可能不要留有气味。事后的斥责只能使它感到迷惑，它并不知道你为什么要发怒。当场斥责、及时表扬是行之有效的教育方法。要以表扬鼓励为主，斥责惩罚为辅。因为表扬和鼓励可以激发你的狗狗的学习欲望。<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>by Julie Snyder
Your eleven-month-old is interested in everything!
Increased mobility makes exploration easier. Recognizing more pictures in books makes reading more interesting.
Better memory makes games more fun, especially pointing games.
Your not as wee one likes showing off skills and may demonstrate her mastery of a skill by helping you learn how to eat or even drink from sippy cup. We think it's pretty darn cute, too.
Social and emotional development
Becoming independent and saying "no" is a trademark of 11-month-olds. They spend lots of time shaking their heads "no" -- even when they mean "yes!"
"Would you like a bit of Mommy's peach?"
Mouth is open and he's leaning toward you anticipating your sharing the treat. It's frustrating at times; funny at times, but a definite sign that he is developing right on track.
While he knows he's not supposed to, he feels secure enough that he's sometimes able to risk your disapproval.
To get your attention, your baby might do these kinds of things:
• Turn the knobs of the TV
• Throw food on the floor
• Play with the telephone
• Pull the dog's fur
• Bite while he's nursing
Your baby is testing his limits -- and yours. What's a good response? Give a gesture or reprimand in a calm voice. Empathize and redirect. Don't yell or over-react. Instead, try to anticipate your baby's behavior. Is he bored? Does he need a snuggle? Give him positive attention and he'll be less likely to tease with a disapproved action.
He's increasingly friendly with people he knows, showering them with hugs, sloppy kisses and even much-loved toys. He's delighted to show off his skills to this select group.
He often communicates with gestures and words instead of cries. Although real words may be sprinkled in, he talks gibberish with conversational tone of voice. He might speak first words this month, but often one word is supposed to mean a complete concept.
Expressing and understanding his wants can be frustrating for you both. If you've been signing with your baby, he is apt to surprise you by signing back. He enjoys books and you naming pictures. He's happy to add the sounds by barking when sees dog, meowing when sees cat.
Waiting in line at the store is another good opportunity for naming things. Point to the items in your cart and name them. See if he will echo names back.
She's better at following simple directions. She understands about 25 percent of verbs and nouns used, so to decode your requests, she relies on body language, gesture and tone of your voice as well as the words.
How exciting is it that she creates and uses tools! She might push a chair in front of herself to help her balance or to a counter to reach the fruit bowl. She'll use one toy to drag another towards her.
Even though you've offered a variety of toys, she tends to gravitate towards gender specific toys -- dolls and sit-down activities. Little boys this age tend to appreciate cars, trucks and action toys.
Large motor skills
It's is all about movement! She loves motion games like airplane and bouncing games like "gallop-a-trot."
Favorite toys might be push toys and riding toys.
Your little one is moving with ease. She's cruising around the furniture, stands alone a few seconds and might be taking a few tentative steps all by herself.
She can get from standing to sitting, squat to pick up a toy and get back to standing.
Speaking of back, how is yours holding up with the many requests from your little one to help her walk?
Fine motor skills
He's exploring objects before picking them up. That certainly makes nesting toys behave better! Among signs that his pincer grasp is improving are:
• He feeds himself much more proficiently.
• He can leverage things out of tight spots
• He can put things in small holes
• He can vacuum up bits of string and small crumbs with the speed of a cheetah
He can build his own tower of two to three blocks and then knock them down. However, he still likes you to stack and him to demolish! His coordination has improved and he now can put simple shapes in the right holes of a shape sorter.
Note: These milestones may first appear this month. It's normal for them to happen later. Worried your little one isn't developing normally? Check out these developmental red flags.
The big picture
By now you've probably discovered your baby's temperament. Although official names exist, moms usually prefer to use terms like "slow-to-warm-up," "adaptable" and "feisty" to describe their little ones. Work with your baby and respect his unique personality. Let him take the lead; then support his growth, confidence and abilities.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>ClearStream Aerobic Systems
If you have a ClearStream Aerobic Septic System and you glance into your yard you probably see two green lids, but did you know that there is actually another lid that is sometimes underground. It is important to know the components and basic operation of your system to make sure it functions and is maintained properly.
Components of ClearStream Aerobic Systems
Aerobic systems are made up of three chambers:
1. Trash Tank or Chamber
2. Aeration Chamber
3. Pump Chamber
Within each chamber is at least 1 baffle. Baffles are there to help prevent solids from moving from one chamber to the next.
Aerobic systems also have electrical components including, control panel, air pump, water pump, floats, and timers. We will not be directly dealing with these in this article, but you can find more information on these and other topics under our Blog Section.
Basic Operation of ClearStream Aerobic Systems
Trash Tank –
Your trash tank collects all the solids that come into the system. It holds all the wastes and trash like toilet paper and keeps these larger wastes from moving into the other components of your system. It is baffled at the inlet and the outlet. The inlet is baffled to prevent a scum layer from causing a backup. The outlet is baffled to prevent solids from entering the following chamber, however small particles will make their way into the aeration chamber.
Aeration Chamber –
This is so named because it has air pumped into it from the compressor outside the tank. The purpose of the air is to promote bacteria growth. This bacteria is what breaks down wastes. The air also keeps some of the small particles stirred up. Some of these small particles will eventually enter the pump tank.
Pump Tank –
Your pump tank is the final stop before cleaned wastewater is distributed by your sprinkler system. In the pump tank wastewater accumulates until it reaches a level that triggers the float which turns on the pump. The pump then sends the cleaned wastewater out. If the small particles that entered from the aeration chamber are allowed to build up they have two options, they either settle or stay suspended. Either way, when you have too many particles they can pass into the pump which becomes clogged and then burns out.
Why This Matters
This is important when you have your system pumped or cleaned. If you did not know that there are three chambers to your system, you might not get your full system cleaned or pumped. Make sure that all of the chambers are cleaned to the very best.
This cannot be done if the technician does not uncover each lid. The trash tank cannot be reached without exposing the third lid. By not having all three chambers pumped you increase your risk of having to have electrical components replaced. These are not cheap, and replacement is easy to avoid. Just know your system, and make sure that when you have it pumped the pumper gets all three chambers.
There are many different brands and types of aerobic septic systems, and it can be hard to know which type you have. If you have any questions, would like to know what your system is, or to schedule your system to be pumped please give us a call at 918-381-2050 and we will have an experienced technician help you.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Obama issues Gay Pride month proclamation
WASHINGTON (BP) -- For the fourth straight year, President Obama has issued a proclamation recognizing June as Gay Pride month, saying "more remains to be done" in advancing gay issues and for the first time acknowledging his support for gay marriage within a proclamation.
Obama's latest proclamation lists his achievements for the gay community, such as signing a repeal of the military's Don't Ask, Don't Tell policy and also signing a hate crimes bill that encompasses "sexual orientation" and "gender identity."
"And because we must treat others the way we want to be treated, I personally believe in marriage equality for same-sex couples," Obama's proclamation reads, using Golden Rule imagery that no doubt will upset traditional Christians. "More remains to be done to ensure every single American is treated equally, regardless of sexual orientation or gender identity. Moving forward, my Administration will continue its work to advance the rights of LGBT Americans. This month, as we reflect on how far we have come and how far we have yet to go, let us recall that the progress we have made is built on the words and deeds of ordinary Americans."
Transgender is a category that includes cross-dressers and people undergoing sex-change operations. Gender identity is a term that refers to men and women who believe they were born the wrong sex. In some state legislatures and city governments, debates over gender identity have led to heated discussions about whether men should be able to use women's restrooms, and vice versa. Gay rights supporters answer affirmatively.
The proclamation concludes, "Now, therefore, I, Barack Obama ... do hereby proclaim June 2012 as Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender Pride Month. I call upon the people of the United States to eliminate prejudice everywhere it exists and to celebrate the great diversity of the American people."
Bob Stith, the Southern Baptist national strategist for gender issues and the representative of the denomination's Task Force on Ministry to Homosexuals, said Obama is wrong in asserting that opposition to homosexuality equals prejudice.
"President Obama again casts all those who have a genuine, biblically based belief that homosexual acts are sin as haters," Stith told Baptist Press. "It is not prejudicial to say that certain acts which have been viewed as sin for over 3,000 years by all three major religions are still sin.
"The president
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and in business. Strategies for developing lifelong learning opportunities must therefore look beyond mainstream educational programmes and qualifications if they are to ensure optimal investment in human capital. Indicator C4
brings together evidence from the International Adult Literacy Survey (1994-1998) and national household surveys on adult education and training, which both provide some understanding of participation in job-related education and training of the employed.
The international dimension of higher education is receiving more and more attention. The general trend towards freely circulating capital, goods and people, coupled with changes in the openness of labour markets, have increased the demand for new kinds of skills and knowledge in OECD countries. Governments are looking increasingly to higher education to play a role in broadening the horizons of students and allowing them to develop a deeper understanding of the multiplicity of languages, cultures and business methods in the world.
One way for students to expand their knowledge is to attend higher educational institutions in countries other than their own. International student mobility involves costs and benefits to students and institutions in sending and host countries alike. While the direct short-term monetary costs and benefits of this mobility are relatively easy to measure, the long-term social and economic benefits to students, institutions and countries are more difficult to quantify. The number of students studying in other countries ( Indicator C3
), however, provides some idea of the extent of student mobility.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>ثبت ۱۷۴۳ گروه جهادی در سامانه اطلس جهادی استان سیستان و بلوچستان
معاون هماهنگ کننده سپاه سلمان سیستان و بلوچستان گفت: در سطح سیستان وبلوچستان هزار و ۷۴۳ گروه جهادی در اطلس گروه های جهادی ثبت شده که از این تعداد ۱۳۵ گروه ویژه، ۴۱۰ گروه فعال و هزار و ۱۹۸ گروه عادی هستند؛ چنان که هزار و ۳۲۳ گروه را برادران و ۴۱۱ گروه را بانوان تشکیل می دهند.
سردار عوضعلی فقیری در نشست خبری با اصحاب رسانه که به مناسبت هفته بسیج سازندگی در مهمانسرای ۵ آذر برگزار شد، بیان کرد: پس از اینکه موضوع بیانیه گام دوم از سوی رهبر انقلاب مشخص شد، سند اعتلای ۱۰ ساله بسیج تحت عنوان " دستورالمعل اجرایی بیانیه گام دوم" به تصویب فرمانده معظم کل قوا رسیده و از طریق ستاد کل نیروهای مسلح و فرمانده کل سپاه به سازمان بسیج، و در نهایت به استان ها ابلاغ شده است.
وی تصریح کرد: چهار راهبرد اصلی در این مقوله گنجانده شده که "محرومیت زدایی و ایجاد اشتغال" از مهمترین آنها است، و محور تمامی این امورات سازمان بسیج سازندگی می باشد.
معاون هماهنگ کننده سپاه سلمان استان با اشاره به اینکه بسیج سازندگی تنها رده از رده های بسیج و سپاه است که در بودجه، برنامه ریزی و توسعه استان ها ردیف بودجه ای دارد و می تواند برای رفع محرومیت ها برنامه داشته باشد، افزود: در این راستا رسالت این قشر از بسیج همکاری، هم افزایی و کمک به دولت در جهت محرومیت زدایی و اشتغالزایی است.
به گفته وی، در تحقق این مسیر گروه های جهادی ابزار در دست بسیج سازندگی هستند، گروه هایی که توسط مردم تشکیل و سازماندهی شده و ضمن ارائه آموزش، ثبت سامانه اطلس گروه های جهادی برای خدمت در تمامی عرصه ها می شوند.
وی تاکید کرد: این گروه ها در قالب ۴۰ گروه تخصصی فرهنگی، بیش از ۱۰۰ گروه تخصصی عمرانی، بیش از ۸۰ گروه در حوزه بهداشت و درمان، ۱۲۰ گروه از اقشار مختلف در حوزه اقتصاد مقاومتی و اشتغالزایی، هزار و ۳۱۲ گروه درعرصه محرومیت زدایی وخدمات عمومی و ۹۰ گروه هم در عرصه تخصصی آموزشی فعالیت دارند، افزون بر آنکه یک قرارگاه برون مرزی برای سازماندهی مهاجرین افغانی نیز در منطقه سیستان برای رفع مشکلات این قشر فعال بوده؛ و گروه های جهادی خارج از استان هم برای رفع مشکلات این خطه ورود کرده و با توجه به تخصص و توانمندی خود به ارائه خدمات در منطقه می پردازند.
فقیری ادامه داد: قرارگاه پیشرفت و آبادانی در سپاه سیستان وبلوچستان در منطقه شمال و قسمتی از جنوب استان فعال می باشد که موضوعات تخصصی را دنبال می کند، موضوع انتقال آب از چاه نیمه ها در زابل یکی از محورهایی بود که اقدام جهادی و شبانه روزی این قرارگاه توانست مانع از ایجاد بحران شدید آبی در این خطه شود.
وی گفت: در منطقه جنوب شرق و شمال غرب به دلیل وضعیت امنیتی برخی از عرصه هایی که توسط بسیج سازندگی انجام می شود با همت و همکاری قرارگاه قدس در دستور کار است که از جمله آن جاده سازی روستایی و یا آبرسانی به بیش از هزار روستا است، تا با بازسازی و نصب مخزن در بازه زمانی ۳۰ ماهه، مشکلات را برطرف شود.
معاون هماهنگ کننده سپاه سلمان استان در بخش دیگر سخنان خود اظهار کرد: رزمایش "مقتدرانه جهادی" به مناسبت هفته بسیج سازندگی از ۱۷ تا ۲۷ اردیبهشت ماه در دستور کار قرار دارد، در این رزمایش ۴۵۲ گروه جهادی اقدام به خدمت رسانی در اقصی نقاط استان می کنند، که اهم اقدامات با اولویت نقاط حاشیه نشین انجام می شود.
وی با بیان اینکه سپاه حافظ انقلاب و دستاوردهای آن است، گفت: یکی از مهمترین دستاوردهای انقلاب مردم هستند؛ ما نوکر و خادم مردم هستیم و از جان خود برای امنیت آنها دریغ نمی کنیم.
این مسئول با اشاره به اجرای رزمایش کمک مومنانه سازمان بسیج سازندگی سپاه سلمان، ادامه داد: توزیع بسته های معیشتی و بهداشتی، توزیع جهیزیه، توزیع وسایل گرمایشی و سرمایشی، توزیع آرد و نان و غذای گرم، توزیع پوشاک و کفش، ویزیت رایگان بیماران، توزیع تانکر آب و آب معدنی از جمله خدمات ارائه شده در رزمایش فوق است که ارزش اعتباری آنها بیش از ۴۹۹ میلیارد تومان است.
وی افزود: فعال سازی ستاد گرامیداشت هفته بسیج سازندگی و برگزاری جلسات قرارگاه های بسیج سازندگی محرومیت زدایی و اقتصاد مقاومتی، برگزاری جلسات مجمع جهادگران در خصوص رزمایش جهادگران فاطمی، فضاسازی محیطی و تبیلغ رزمایش جهادگران فاطمی در فضای مجازی از جمله اقدامات قبل از رزمایش هفته بسیج سازندگی است.
فقیری تصریح کرد: فراخوان و تجمع گروه های جهادی در قالب رزمایش جهادگران فاطمی، توزیع کمک های مومنانه، بازدید هیئت مدعو از پروژه های جهادگران، افتتاح پروژه های محرومیت زدایی با محوریت مهرستان، افتتاح پروژه های اقتصاد مقاومتی با محوریت ایرانشهر، افتتاح پروژه های جهادی و محرومیت زدایی با محوریت نیکشهر، جلسه با جهادگران قصرقند، غبارروبی مزار شهدا، همایش جهادگران سواحل مکران، شروع به کار پروژه های آبرسانی(روستاهای هدف قرارگاه محرومیت زدایی بسیج سازندگی) از مهترین برنامه های این هفته است.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Hulu是一项基于订阅的在线流媒体服务，并且由于订阅是按月进行的，因此您可以添加或删除其他查看选项或取消订阅，因此有可能获得全额退款或按比例分配的账单。因此，您无需采取任何措施即可收到退款，但退款可能需要3到5天才能显示在对帐单上。
但是，如果您遇到了重复付款或帐户中需要Hulu解决的错误，则需要先登录帐户以查看帐户历史记录，然后致电此处的客户服务部门以获取开票的帮助。
如果您认为由于付款错误而欠了您退款，那么Hulu会列出以下情况，作为您不同付款方式的可能原因。请继续阅读以了解更多信息。
暂时搁置
如果您最近注册了Hulu或更新了帐户中的付款信息，则可能会看到授权保留，该授权保留在财务报表上显示为待处理交易。
您编辑了Hulu订阅
更新您的Hulu计划可能会导致您的每月总数发生变化。
例如，如果您订阅了我们的Hulu附加支持计划，并决定加入附加组件，则在下一个结算周期开始之前，您会看到该附加组件按比例收取费用，但以后的每月帐单将反映出费用，包括您购买的所有附件。
税收
如果增加幅度很小，则很可能要向您收取税款。
促销结束
促销是临时性的，因此当它们结束时，您的每月总额将停止反映促销金额，并转换为标准定价。检查您的帐户以获取更多详细信息。
在成千上万的Hulu客户来到GetHuman寻求针对此问题（以及许多其他问题）的答案之后，我们认为是时候发布说明了。因此，我们将我如何从Hulu获得退款？组合在一起以尝试提供帮助。根据其他用户来完成这些步骤需要花费时间，包括花费在完成每个步骤和联系Hulu（如有必要）上的时间。祝您好运，如果您通过此页面上的指南成功解决了问题，请告诉我们。
为了帮助客户更快地解决客户服务问题，GetHuman致力于寻找诸如Hulu之类的大型组织的信息已有10多年的历史了。我们从联系信息开始，并以最快的方式与大公司联系。特别是IVR或电话菜单系统缓慢或复杂的系统。或拥有自助服务论坛而不是客户服务部门的公司。从那里，我们意识到消费者仍然需要更详细的帮助来解决最常见的问题，因此我们扩展到了这一指南，并且这一指南每天都在增长。并且，如果您发现我们的我如何从Hulu获得退款？指南存在任何问题，请通过向我们发送反馈来告知我们。我们希望尽可能提供帮助。如果您喜欢本指南，请与您最喜欢的人分享。我们的免费信息和工具由您（客户）提供支持。使用它的人越多，获得的效果就越好。<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Sual: Bir şeyi adamak nasıl olur?
CEVAP
Bir şeyi adamak iki türlü olur: Mutlak adak, şarta bağlı adak.
1- Mutlak adak:
(Allah için, bir yıl oruç tutacağım) demek gibidir. Bir şarta bağlı değildir. Bunu söylerken, kastetmese de, söz arasında dilinden çıkmış ise de, yapması vacib olur. Çünkü, adakta niyetsiz, düşünmeden söylemek, ciddi, isteyerek söylemek gibidir. Hatta, (Allah için, bir gün oruç tutmak üzerime borç olsun) diyeceği yerde, (bir ay oruç tutmak) diye ağzından çıksa, bir ay tutması gerekir.
Adak, yemine benzer. Bir kimse (Adağım olsun) dese, neyi adadığını söylemese ve niyet etmese, yemin kefareti vermesi gerekir. Bir kimse, Allah rızası için oruç tutayım dese, kaç gün olduğunu söylemese ve bir şey niyet etmese veya yalnız adak için niyet etse, bu orucu adak olur ve üç gün oruç tutar. Bunu söylerken, adak olmayıp, yemin olmasını niyet etse, yemin olur. Orucu bozarsa, yemin kefareti gerekir. Hem adak, hem yemin olmasını niyet ederse, bu oruç, hem yemin, hem de adak olur. Bu orucu bozarsa, hem kaza, hem de yemin kefareti gerekir.
İbadet olması gerekir
Adak edilen şeyin, farz veya vacib olan bir ibadete benzemesi ve başlı başına bir ibadet olması gerekir. Mesela, abdest almak, ölü kefenlemek başlı başına ibadet olmadıklarından adak olamaz. Hasta ziyaret etmek, cenaze taşımak, gusletmek, cami içine girmek, Kur’an-ı kerimi tutmak, ezan okumak, cami bina etmek de ibadet ise de, başlı başına ibadet değildir.
Şarta bağlı olmayan adağı, fakir olsa da, hemen yapması gerekir.
2- Şarta bağlı olan adak:
Murat edilen şart hasıl olunca, adağı yerine getirmesi gerekir. Yerine getirmeyip, yemin kefareti yapmak caizdir.
Adak yapmak, istenilen bir şeyin hâsıl olmasına bağlanırsa, şart ettiği şey hasıl olunca, adak ettiği şeyi yapmak gerekir. Hâsıl olmasını istemediği bir şeyi şart ederse, istemediği şey hasıl olunca, hac, oruç, sadaka, nafile namaz gibi adaklarını, isterse yapar. İstemezse, yapmayıp, yemin kefareti verir. Mesela, Ali ile konuşursam, Allah için yüz lira sadaka adağım olsun der ve Ali ile konuşursa, isterse, sadakayı verir, isterse vermeyip, yemin kefareti verir.
Şarta bağlı olan adağı, şart hâsıl olmadan önce yapmak caiz değildir. Mesela, hastam iyi olursa, Allah için şu kadar sadaka vermek ve sevabını seyyid Ahmed Bedevi hazretlerine bağışlamak adağım olsun dense, hasta iyi olmadan önce adağı yapmak caiz olmaz. Hasta iyi olduktan sonra yapması gerekir. Şarta bağlı olan adağı yaparken de yeri, fakirin şahsını ve fakirlerin sayılarını ve paranın cinsini de söylediği gibi yapmak gerekmez.
Kurban demek, bayramın ilk üç gününde zengin için vacib, fakir için ise nafile olarak kesilen davar, sığır veya deve demektir. Bu bakımdan adak yapılırken, kurban denilmişse, Kurban bayramında kesilir. Kurban denmeden, mesela bir koyun keseceğim denirse, gün ve yer belli etse bile, Kurban bayramı günleri dahil, istediği zaman ve istediği yerde kesebilir.
Adağı yerine getirmeli
Adağı yerine getirmek lazım olduğu, Kur’an-ı kerimde ve hadis-i şerifte bildirilmiş ve icma-i ümmet hasıl olmuştur. Hac suresi, 29. âyet-i kerimesinde mealen, (Adaklarını yerine getirsinler) buyurulmuştur. Bunun için, adağı yerine getirmek vacibdir. Farz diyen âlimler de olmuştur.
Kalbden yemin ve adak
Sual: Dille söylemeden, kalbden yapılan adak ve yemin geçerli olur mu?
CEVAP
Hayır, kalbden geçirmekle adak veya yemin olmaz. Dille söylenmesi gerekir.
Farz olan bir şeyi adamak
Sual: Bu imtihanı geçersem, Eyüp Sultan’da bir vakit ikindi namazı kılacağım diye adansa, evde veya başka camide kılınsa caiz olmaz mı?
CEVAP
Yapılması kendisine farz olan bir şeyi adamak sahih olmaz. İkindiyi kılmak zaten farzdır. Yani bu adak sahih değildir. Nafile namaz adanmış olsaydı, adak sahih olurdu; fakat Eyüp Sultan’da kılmak gerekmezdi, başka yerde de kılınabilirdi.
Şükür için kurban
Sual: Şükür niyetiyle, (Hastalıktan kurtulan babam için bir kurban keseyim) demek adak olur mu?
CEVAP
Evet, olur.
Horozdan adak olur
Sual: Tavuktan, horozdan kurban olmaz, ama adak da mı olmaz?
CEVAP
Adak olur elbette. Kurban olmaz demek, adak da olmaz demek değildir. Adakta, yapılması adanan şeyin, farz veya vacib olan bir ibadete benzemesi ve başlı başına bir ibadet olması gerekir. Mesela sadaka vermek nafile bir ibadettir, ama farz olan zekâta benzediği için adak olabilir.
Canlı tavuk, horoz adamak caiz olduğu gibi, kesip etini fakirlere yedirmek de adanabilir. Hattâ bir yumurta bile adamakta mahzur yoktur. Adak fakirlere verilir.
Hasta ziyaret etmek, adak olur mu?
Sual: Bir kimse, şu işim olursa falan hastayı ziyaret etmek adağım olsun dese, bu hastayı ziyaret etmek adak olur mu ve yerine getirilmesi gerekir mi?
Cevap: Adak edilen şeyin, farz veya vacib olan bir ibadete benzemesi ve başlı başına bir ibadet olması lazımdır. Mesela, abdest almak, ölü kefenlemek başlı başına ibadet olmadıklarından adak olamaz. Hasta ziyaret etmek, cenaze taşımak, gusül etmek, cami içine girmek, Kur’ân-ı kerimi tutmak, ezan okumak, mektep, okul bina etmek, yapmak, cami bina etmek, yapmak da ibadet ise de, başlı başına ibadet değildir. Nezir, adak olunmazlar. Nezir, adak edilen şeyin benzemesi lazım olan farzın, vacibin başlı başına ibadet olması lazım değildir. Mesela, bir şey vakfetmeyi adamak caizdir. Çünkü vakıf, Müslümanlar için cami bina etmeye, yapmaya benzemektedir. Cami yapmak, başlı başına bir ibadet değil ise de, vakıf başlı başına ibadettir. Mesela, abdest almak, başlı başına ibadet olmayıp, başlı başına ibadet olan namazın bir şartıdır. Ölüyü kefenlemek de, cenaze namazının kabul olması için şarttır. Ölünün setr-i avreti, yani örtülü olması, cenaze namazının şartıdır.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>泽伦
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得分手的想法。
《教父》必须几乎是世界上最聪明的人。马上他就知道尼诺不能大声喧哗的人,只会让自己陷入麻烦或者被杀掉。杀死都只有一个他的俏皮话。但是不知道他是如何成为一名艺术家吗?因为,该死的,他觉得总有一天我会帮助尼诺。他是怎么,图吗?因为他将放弃这个词,我想表达我对您的感激之情。最后,一个星期之前拍摄的新照片,奥斯卡之夜滚。约翰邀请尼诺出现但尼诺拒绝了。约翰尼说,”伙计,我从没问过你一个忙,对吧?今晚帮我一个忙,跟我来。你是唯一的人真的会对我感到抱歉如果我不赢。””一时刻尼诺看起来吓了一跳。然后他说,”肯定的是,旧朋友,我能做到。”
他让一个明星形状与掘金的细碎的浮木seaglass在中间,和螺旋从微小的白色鹅卵石和贝壳。“更多的海滩魔法吗?”我问。保罗点了点头。的羽毛代表旅行和自由,”他说。的贝壳代表家,家庭的石头的力量。“我哪儿也不去,老残骸!”“有更好的东西要做吗?”“不,但是……”“但是什么?我们会去海边,然后回到别墅。伊娃留下一个苹果派,保罗为此取笑,我完蛋了,因为没有超市之间的较量爆米花和伊娃的自制苹果派。明亮的粉红色和害怕,因为我从来没有去过这接近他。
真的难住他。他喜欢艾拉·菲茨杰拉德在记录。他喜欢这种干净的歌唱,那种干净的措辞。她可以看出他很沮丧。”你认为这张照片好吗?它将你一些好吗?”她问。约翰点了点头。”
菲利帕荣誉做她的妹妹很高兴,和反复这么说。”那么大,好像女王来了!我不能相信我的眼睛!””Hawise很兴奋看到这些伟大的民间那么近。”有非常坚定的和公正的一个公爵!”她哭了杰克,不分享她的热情,但皱起了眉头,和抱怨黄金,珠宝和冠冕会让任何男人看英俊的一个愚蠢的女人。Hawise没有注意这个,转向凯瑟琳哭了,咯咯地笑着,”鸡的骨头,我只是希望我被他吻的嘴——所以他娴熟的——就像你,我的夫人!””我的夫人。凯瑟琳听到她的新头衔与冲击。我是凯瑟琳Swynford夫人一个骑士的妻子。但在进一步之前，这里要提到的是很重要的，虽然鱼叉可以和矛一样用叉子打，然而很少有人这样做；当完成时，仍然不太成功，与鱼叉相比，鱼叉的重量和长度较低，这实际上成为严重的缺点。一般来说，因此，你必须先快到鲸鱼，在任何投球开始之前。现在看斯塔布；一个幽默的人，紧急情况下的冷静和镇定，特别擅长打球。看看他；他直立在飞艇摇晃的船头上；在泡沫中穿梭，拖鲸在前面四十英尺。轻轻处理长矛，两次或三次沿着它的长度看它是否是直的，斯塔布用一只手悄悄地把经纱卷起，以便在他手中抓住自由的末端，其余的都畅通无阻。然后把枪放在腰带中间，他把它放在鲸鱼身上；什么时候？用它覆盖他，他不断地把手上的臀部压低，从而提升点，直到武器在他的手掌上保持相当平衡，十五英尺高的空中。
不,她绝不会怀疑邪恶。远程和闪亮的月亮,没有粗俗的激情感动了她。然而第一次在他漫长的崇拜,杰弗里在想会是什么感觉是交配月亮,太酷了、可预测的和尊贵。然后他笑了笑,责备自己窝藏愚蠢的奇思,因为他觉得在那一刻昏暗的教会一个奇怪的恐惧,尽管有些动荡,甚至威胁,力已经启动。然后他们走到通往地下室的楼梯顶上。玛德琳顺着陡峭的楼梯往下望着下面的混凝土地板。然后我离婚了金妮,一切都开始酸。我失去了我的声音。我停止销售记录。我没有得到任何更多的电影作品。然后我的教父有疼我,不会跟我打电话或者看我当我来到纽约。你总是那个家伙除非路径和我指责你,但我知道你不会这样做并没有订单。
一个窗口被打开,和一个女人的声音喊道,”嘘,对于耶稣基督的爱,嘘——这里有严重的疾病。””菲利帕给一个小哭过自己和他们都站在那里沉默了一会儿,直到最后门轻轻地开了,杰弗里自己走出来。”不,这不是我病了,亲爱的,”他说,菲利帕在回答她的表情。,你几乎肯定会赢得奖项。但他觉得不能解决你的问题。他想知道如果你有大脑和球成为生产者自己,让你自己的电影从上到下。”
热馅饼!热馅饼!好的先生们和美女,我买热馅饼!””凯瑟琳渴望看一眼小肉馅饼pieman的托盘,对菲利帕说,”我们不能得到一些吗?我太饿了。我有便士。””但是菲利帕摇了摇头。”保存剩下几便士你从公爵夫人的赏金,如果你听了我你可能已经超过了硬币的女王。我们马上吃晚饭,休爵士时。””凯瑟琳叹了口气。他来到约翰的房子死清醒和他们一起留给表示剧院。尼诺好奇为什么约翰尼没有邀请他的女孩和他的前妻颁奖晚宴。尤其是金妮。他不认为金妮会支持他吗?尼诺希望他可以只有一个饮料,它看起来像一个糟糕的夜晚。尼诺瓦伦蒂发现整个奥斯卡奖的事情生,直到最好的男演员宣布获胜者。当他听到这句话”就要开拍,”他发现自己跳向空中,鼓掌。
她的头还低,静静地站着的房子墙而其他人则立即安排。菲利帕,看起来,将呆在这里,她可以帮助在这些关键的几个小时,她未来的家庭但乔叟以为凯瑟琳要做更好的在一个朋友家里。死亡的住所没有新娘。现在的Pessoners粗话等着她,他直接休回家。凯瑟琳默默地吻了她妹妹和变母马。他站起来给她续杯白兰地酒杯,给了她一个gold-monogrammed烟,闪过他的打火机的光。她抽的烟,喝喝,他又在她身边坐了下来。他比她的玻璃有相当多的白兰地,他需要它来温暖自己,给自己带来欢乐,给自己充电。
好吧,你会达到一千一百三十点纽约?”””肯定的是,”约翰尼说。”呆在你的车,”哈根说。”送你的一个人接我当我下了飞机,带我去你的。”我需要你在这里。我想让你们明天早上飞出,签订个人合同五百零一一周年。如果你偷我的一个湖区我解雇你,你拿起至少一年的工资。好吗?””有一个长时间的暂停。
很高兴我遇到了你。”他们被一个交织的声音,流周围的孩子都改变了类。午餐前,和得分手在去图书馆的路上当Gazzy触动了他的手臂。这是不一样的。当我回到老邻居我可以说迪安娜邓恩有我。””约翰尼笑了。”她可以比和她,如果她邀请你回家。
现在,他不喜欢她那么多,他放松了。他啜着饮料,看着太平洋。她说,”我希望你不疼,约翰尼。他等待约翰尼说些什么……”约翰尼说,”不需要问我自己如果这是真的,你知道我的意思吗?我不会把你的单词或桑尼的。””Hagen惊讶于这么好的感觉。毕竟Fontane有大脑。
我有便士。””但是菲利帕摇了摇头。”保存剩下几便士你从公爵夫人的赏金,如果你听了我你可能已经超过了硬币的女王。我们马上吃晚饭,休爵士时。””凯瑟琳叹了口气。然后当他触底,当他不再能够获得电影工作,当他再也不能唱歌,当他的第二任妻子背叛了他,他去了花几天与金妮和他的女儿。他或多或少地把自己扔在她的仁慈的一个晚上,因为他觉得如此糟糕。那一天,他听说他的一个录音,听起来如此可怕,他指责破坏的良好技术人员备案。直到最后他开始相信,他的声音听起来像。他打破了主记录,并拒绝唱歌了。
他喊道,”嘿,金妮,我还率早餐吗?”和遥远的他听到她的声音,”只是第二个。””这只是第二次。她一定已经一切准备就绪,热烤箱,托盘等待加载,因为约翰点燃他的第一支烟,卧室的门开了,他的两个小的女儿推着购物车早餐。他们如此美丽伤了他的心。他们的脸晶莹而清晰,他们的眼睛充满好奇心和热切的渴望来看他。有人怀疑你,给我一个buzz的电话,我马上改。我会告诉他们我怎么追你在公寓但是你保持你的荣誉。好吗?””他,最后,有点太残忍了,他感到的伤害在她年轻的脸上。她明白,他告诉她,他没有太努力。<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>مدیران برخی رسانه های برخط با نگارش یک نامه انتقادی دلایل عدم پوشش سخنان روز گذشته رئیس جمهور را عنوان کردند و ضمن یادآوری میزان تاثیرگذاری این رسانه ها به تصمیم گیران حوزه اطلاع رسانی دفتر رئیس جمهور نوشتند که گویا مسئولان ارتباطات دفتر رئیس جمهور شناختی از این حوزه ندارند و پايگاه هاي خبري را رسانه نمي دانند!
به گزارش «تابناک»، متن نامه انتقادي مديران رسانه هاي برخط به رئيس جمهور بدین شرح است:
جناب حجت الاسلام و المسلمین آقای روحانی
رییس جمهور محترم
سلام علیکم؛
احتراما، چنان که مستحضرید گسترش و افزایش چشمگیر ضریب نفوذ فضای مجازی در جامعه ایران، موجب ادبار قابل توجه نسبت به رسانه های سنتی و در عوض،اقبال روز افزون به پایگاه های خبری اینترنتی شده است. بعید است بتوان چنین شدتی از ادبار و اقبال را در سایر کشورهای مردم سالار جهان سراغ گرفت.
احتمالا مستحضرید که اکنون شمار مراجعه کاربران داخل و خارج ایران به ده پایگاه خبری-تحلیلی کشورمان، حدود ده میلیون بار در روز است؛ این عدد در شرایط حساس داخلی یا بین المللی از ۲۰ میلیون تجاوز می کند.
این واقعیت بزرگ، مسؤولیت دست اندرکاران پایگاه های خبری اینترنتی را در جهت آگاه سازی افکار عمومی و عمل به رسالت رسانه ای خویش دو چندان می کند؛ رسالتی که به ویژه در مواقع بحرانی همانند اتفاقات تلخ سال های ۹۶ و ۹۸ اهمیت اش به روشنی رخ نمود.
تصدیق می فرمایید که ایفای این نقش خطیر و پرخطر، مستلزم فراهم آمدن امکانات انسانی و مادی لازم وکافی و نیز دسترسی مستقیم و فراگیر به منابع معتبر خبری است.
معاونت محترم ارتباطات ریاست جمهوری، برای برگزاری نشست رسانه ای دیروز سه شنبه ی جناب عالی، از هیچ یک از نمایندگان پایگاه های خبری دعوت به عمل نیاورد؛ قاعدتا مسؤولان محترم آن معاونت، پایگاه های خبری پرمخاطب ایران را هنوز هم "رسانه" تلقی نمی کنند!
ضمن ابراز تأسف به خاطر عدم اطلاع معاونت اطلاع رسانی از جایگاه رفیع و بی بدیل پایگاه های خبری اینترنتی کشور، چاره ای ندیدیم جز آن که از پوشش خبری نشست دیروزتان امتناع ورزیم.
امید است دستور فرمایید مسؤولان محترم دست اندرکار رسانه ها در کشور، با عنایت به نقش ممتاز پایگاه های خبری در آگاهی دهی و افزایش بینش در افکار عمومی، موانع متنوع موجود را از پیش پای آن ها بر دارند.
توفیق روز افزون جناب عالی و همکاران محترم در تمامی سطوح را در خدمت خالصانه به ملت بزرگ ایران خواستاریم.
با احترام مجدد
۱- بیژن مقدم(الف)
۲- جواد بربریان(اعتدال)
۳- علی اصغر شفیعیان( انصاف نیوز)
۴-محمدصادق عرب(تابناک)
۵- فریماه شیخ الاسلامی(پارسینه)
۶- محمدعلی نادعلی زاده(جماران)
۷- مسعود فاتح(سیتنا)
۸- حبیب الله عباسی(شفقنا)
۹- محمدحسین خوشوقت(فرارو)
۱۰- حسین جعفری(عصر ایران- عصرخبر)<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Preparazione:
Sbollentare gli spinaci lavati in acqua leggermente salata; scolarli, strizzarli e tritarli al coltello. Fare la pasta con solo la farina, un uovo e il sale; stenderla finemente. Formare un impasto con la ricotta, gli spinaci e il parmigiano; formare un nudo sulla pasta con l’impasto appena formato e riporci al centro il tuorlo. Coprire con un altro strato di pasta facendo attenzione a rimuovere tutta l’aria. Cuocere il raviolo in abbondante acqua salata e addizionata con l’olio per non più di 3 minuti; successivamente saltarlo nel burro con il pepe. Per decorazione servire con spruzzata di pepe e pomodoro tagliato a concassè.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Reuters'ın haberine göre ABD, telsiz irtibatı ve ABD ordusuna ait bir helikopterden atılan dumana rağmen kendilerine yakınlaşan İran donanmasına ait dört gemiye uyarı ateşi açtı.
İsimlerinin gizli tutulmasını isteyen ABD'li yetkililer, ABD donanmasına bağlı USS Mahan, İran gemileriyle telsiz irtibatı kurduğunu; ancak gemilerin uyarıya karşın yavaşlamadığını bildirdi.
USS Mahan'dan uyarı fişeği, bir ABD helikopterindense duman işareti atıldığını belirten yetkililer, İran gemilerinin USS Mahan ve ona eşlik eden gemilere 800 metre kadar yaklaştığını belirtti.
ABD'li yetkililer, bunun ardından İran gemilerine üç kez uyarı ateşi açıldığını açıkladı.
Kaynak : Hürriyet
Paylaş:
Kavrayış Sorunları
Emperyalist Kuşatma Nasıl Kırılır?
'NATO Bir Terör Organizasyonudur'
Devlet Yönetimi: Kurumsal Siyaset mi Kahramanlık/Karizma mı?
Hamas’ın Yeni Siyaset Belgesinin Düşündürdükleri
Bilimsel Kılıflı Hegemonya
Amerika Ne Kadar Haklı (!) Değil mi?
Uyarıyoruz!
Biz Neleri Unutmadık ki?
Ülkemizde Sağcılık: "Türkiye NATO'nun İmanlı Bir Uzvudur"
Dünyadaki Bir Avuç Zengin ve Milyarlarca Fakir
Türkiye Dış Politikasında 15 Temmuz Etkisi
Öncesi ve Sonrasıyla 15 Temmuz’un Sosyo-politik Analizi
Son Diplomatik Açılımlar ve İktidar Sistemi
Kibrin Toplumsal Tezahürleri ve Ümmet
Yeni Dünya
İslamî Analiz 1 Yaşında!
İslami vahdetin yolu; Müslümanların, güç ve kararlarını tek bir çatı altında toplamalarından geçiyor
Sağcı Müslümanlığa Karşı Solcu Müslümanlık mı?
İslam, Bizâtihi Mücadeledir
Her İmtihanı Kazanabiliriz (?)<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Immagina un Paese in cui il salario minimo è sufficiente per comprare una lattina di tonno. Immagina un Paese in cui devi comprare una casa in dollari. Immagina un Paese in cui gli inquilini che non pagano l’affitto non possono essere mandati via. Immagina un Paese dove per pagare un caffè servono così tante banconote che quasi non entr
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During training, we also had our manpower problems. Our 14 infantry companies were not set up until February, and then they were trained for the Russian Front as anti-tank companies. The replacements, mostly teenagers, were physically unfit for all but limited military duty, because of food shortages in Germany.
As of May 1st, 50% of the officer corps was inexperienced and 30% of the noncommissioned officer positions went unfilled, because of the lack of competent sergeants.
The total manpower of our ‘Type 44' infantry division amounted to around 12,000 men of which 6,800 were combat troops, including around 1,500 ‘Hiwis’ (Russian Volunteers).
By the fall of 1944, after five years of war, Germany had exhausted its manpower base while still being pressed to provide fresh Divisions to the war-fronts.
Their solution was to reduce the manpower size of their Division structure while beefing up their firepower to maintain comparable combat strength levels. This new Division structure model is known as the ‘Type 44 Division.’
The ‘Old’ German Division model included three infantry regiments (3,250 men each) having three battalions in each regiment; with a Division manpower total of 17,200 men.
The new ‘Type 44’ Division model consist of three regiments (2,008 men each) organized in two battalions. This, along with other cut-backs, cap at a Division strength of 12,352 men. The 352ID was constituted using the ‘Type 44’ model. -SB
During this initial organizing period, the Division was ordered to have ready, by January 1st., a special combat team, on 'stand-by' for possible emergency deployment in Holland, Belgium and France. This team consisted of a infantry regiment, an artillery and an engineer battalion with elements of signal, supply and divisional staffs. The mobilization and deployment of this force was possible, by foot and rail, with 12 hours notice. From the 1st of May 1944, the same readiness measures were applied to the entire Division.
By the 1st of March 1944, the 352ID reached adequate strength and was fully equipped. But, because of diversions of men and material to the Russian Front, the slow arrival of new men, ammunition and weapons during the previous three months, delayed proper training until now. Company and battery level training was probably satisfactory, if not judged too harshly, however battalion and regiment level training did not take place.
Manpower Goals of the 352ID, “Type 44 Division”
|333 Officers||50% were without combat experience|
|70 army officials||administrators|
|2,164 NCOs||a 30% shortfall reduced this to about 1,465|
|9,650 men||mostly 17 year-old recruits|
|1,455 'Hilfswillige'||Russian 'Volunteers' in non-combat support roles|
Our monthly reports on these training deficiencies were ignored by the OKW. My impression was that they were only interested in delivering 'patched-up divisions' as soon as possible, leaving training problems entirely to a division's command to solve. This mistake often led to the destruction of divisions during their first days of combat.
Of the goal of a total of having 12,772 personnel by May 1st, there was in reality about 12,021 personnel. Of this, 6,800 were actually combat troops, to be responsible for defending a 53km long Divisional Front.”
Roster of Officers of the 352ID
|352ID C.O||Lt. Gen. Dietrich Krais|
|Chief of Staff (Sonst Ia)||Lt. Col. Fritz Ziegalmann|
|Operations Officer (1a u)||Maj. Paul Weller|
|352ID Ajudant||Maj. Paul Block|
|Gren Reg 914||Lt. Col (Oberstleutnant) Ernst Heyna|
|Gren Reg 915||Lt. Col (Oberstleutnant) Ernst Meyer|
|Gren Reg 916||Col (Oberst) Ernst Goth|
|AR.1352 CO||Col (Oberst) Karl-Williams Ocker|
|AR. 1352||Adj. Capt. (Hauptmann) Kersken|
Special Battalions and Detachments Commanders
FusBtl.352 (352nd Mounted Rifle Battalion), CO .......Rittm. Eitel Gert
PzJgAbt 352 (352nd Anti-Tank Detachment) ........Capt. Werner Jahn
PzJgAbt 352, Adj................................. Gunther Klein
PiBtl.352 (352nd Combat Engineers), CO.............Capt. Fritz Paul
PiBtl.352, Adj...................................Eberhard Lippke
NachrAbt (Signals), CO............... Capt. Karle Ehrhardt
NachrAbt., Adj. ...........................Lt. Gunther Ropers
Deployment to the Coast
“The lengthy La Harve-to-Vire River Coastal Defensive Zone, which included Omaha, Gold. Juno and Sword Beaches, was guarded only by the 716th Infantry Division (716ID). This Division was classified as a ' Static Division,' which means it was not equipped, trained nor manned for maneuver and offensive capabilities required of a normal infantry division.
Consequently, resources were not provided to equipped or train for modern maneuver-warfare. They were armed with captured weapons from Poland, France and Czechoslovakia which compounded the munitions supply logistics.
Additionally, the 716th's ranks were largely filled out with conscripted Polish nationals (of ethnic German decent), Germans not physically fit for regular service, and Russian volunteers (former POWs).”
716ID’s mission was solely to man a thin screen of forward beach-front post along a 100km long Normandy coastal. Before Rommel, preparations of coastal defenses were under no particular panning authority and were constructed in an ad-hoc manner, largely by Divisions being rotated through France, for rest-and-recuperation, before reasignments to other combat fronts in Russia, Balkans and Italy. -SB
Under the High Command of the west (OKW), relying on divisions on rest and refitting leave in France did not provide the fixed long term uninterrupted oversight needed to construct a comprehensive coastal defense.
“To address his dissatisfied with the efforts of OKW in preparing the 'Atlantic Wall,' in November 1943 Hitler appointed Field Marshal Erin Rommel as Inspector-General of the preparations of the coastal defenses in the west, reporting directly to Hitler himself and by-passing OKW.
The new ‘Army Group B’ (Armeegruppe B) was activated under the OKW in January 1944 with Fieldmarshal Rommel's inspection tour. “
Later in January 1944, Rommel’s command was given overall control of the 'tactical' preparations of all costal defenses in the west as ‘Army group B.’ Though administratively under Rundsted (OKW Chief) Rommel’s Army Group B was still under Hitler’s direct command as he was in his earlier Inspector-General role. -SB
“In early March the 352.ID was ordered to deploy our 1352nd Artillery Regiment (Artillerieregiment 1352 ) to bolster the existing defenses in front of Bayeux and to the west. Though the 1352nd Artillery Regiment (abv. AR.1352) now served tactically under the command of the 716ID (716th Infantry Division), its training was still managed by the 352ID.
General Rommel (center) on his inspection tour of the beach defenses in the 84th Army Corps Zone. General Marcks is seen standing to the left.
Rommel found the 716ID's manpower and facilities in bad shape and decided to strengthen this 100km long coastal front by dividing it into two halves. The 716ID retained a shortened 47km long ‘Caen Zone’ backed up with 21st Armored Division (Panzerdivision 21, 21PzD) as reserves under Army Group B.”
21PzD was under Hitler’s direct command, through Army Group B, not under 716ID command which was responsible for the defense of their sector. -SB
"On the left, the 352ID took over the 53km long 'Bayeux Zone,' taking over and keeping in place the 716ID's 726th Infantry Regiment (Grenadierregiment 726, abv. GR726) there."
The Bayeux Zone was broken into three command sectors, with the GR.726 command keeping contol of the east sector. As a trade-off for GR.losing some battalions to other sector commands, the 352ID would have to give up to the GR.726 command, the 1st Battalion of its' 916th Infantry Regiment (I/GR.916) which was then placed just east of Arromanches on the border of the 716ID's Zone.
The German terms 'Abteilung' and 'Battalion' tend to be used interchangeably by modern scholars But 'Abteilung' differ from Battalions. Battalion (abv. Btl) is an 'Section' organic to a regimental command. Abteilung (abv. Abt) is a battalion size 'detachment' capable of operating independently, or conventionally deployed under a regimental command. They can be deployed and operated effectively under various assigned commands without Division level supervision.
Though they may look the same on an organization chart, employing a battalion in the manner of a Ablietung weakens the Battalion's combat value when placed under an unfamiliar command. -SB
“Up to now we still believed we would be sent to the Eastern Front. But finally on the 15th of March 1944, the 352ID was ordered by the Headquarters of the 84th Army Corps (LXXXIV.Armeekorp, LXXXIV.AK), to take over the 'Bayeux Coastal Defense Zone' (Calvados Coast) from the 716ID The previous orders to keep an emergency combat team on standby and to continue unit training, remained in effect.”
Two weeks before D-Day, Allied Intelligence officially confirmed that the 352.ID had moved up to reinforce the Omaha Beach areas. According to __??__, this move was formally published on June 3rd in the 21st Army group weekly Neptune Intelligence Review and circulated to all senior American Cammanders. -SB
“The 352ID” now had three duties:
1. First, to defend the Bayeux Coastal Zone.
2. Second, make improvements in the combat area.
3. And third, train combat units for battle.
These duties were quite agreeable to an untested Division that thought it would end up on the Eastern Front were it is not so easy.
As to our preparations for the Defense of the Bayeux Coastal Zone, we assumed control of 716ID’s existing ‘Reinforced’ GR726 forces in the Bayreux sector, excluding its 2nd Battalion (II/GR.726).
The term ‘Reinforced’ means that additional heavy weapons have been added to the standard regiment formation. -SB
The 716ID’s three formerly designated 'Battalion Command-Sectors' now became our three ‘Regimental Command-Sectors.’
The staffs of the 352ID's 914th and 915th Regiments (GR.914, and GR.915) took command of the 'left' and the 'center' Battalion (now Regimental) Sectors respectively. The right Sector remained under control of the GR726 HQ staff which now reported to the 352ID's command, not it's parent Division 716ID. GR.726 's beach front battalions (III/GR.726 and I/GR.726) in the new Left (GR.914) and Center (GR.916) Regimental Command Sectors, were kept in their existing positions but now came under the appropriate 352ID Regimental command.
Evidently II/GR.726 (now under GR.916 CP control) phone lines at the Omaha Beach positions remained connected to GR.726's CP (now the 'right' Regimental Command Sector) near Bayreux, and then had to be routed back to the GR.916 CP Post (Center Regimental Command sector) behind Omaha beach alongside the rad from Forigny to Tevieres. -SB
Col. Ernst Goth
Originally, the GR916 (Col. Ernst Goth) itself, along with the 352nd Rifle Battalion, (Fuesilierabteilung 352, abv. FusAbt.352) was assigned under the direct command of Gen. Marcks, Commanding General of the 84th Army Corps. But on May 20th , the 915th Regiment (GR.915) exchanged roles with GR916 and, along with the 352nd Rifle Battalion. GR915 was now the new 84th Army Corps’ Reserves.
The GR.915, reinforced with the FusAbt.352 becomes refered to as 'Reinforced GR.915.' It will eventually be employed on an independent mission on June 6th 1944 and be referred to as ‘Task-Force Meyer,’ named after its commander Lt. Col Ernst Meyer. -SB
The GR916 command now had the Center Regimental Sector but had relinquished its' 1st Battalion (abv. I/GR916) to the right GR726's Sector, to serve as reserves under GR726's command.”
“The plan for our preparations resulted from this exacting terrain study, influenced by the previous Allied landings in Sicily and Italy as well as General Marcks’ detailed map war game exercises and conferences.
On the basis of these detailed, persuasive discussions and table-top war game exercises conducted by Gen. Marcks, I too agreed with his opinion that the Invasion, at least a part of the invasion, would be targeted against the Cotentin peninsula; from which a breakout to the east and south would follow with the ultimate goal then to thrust at the chief communications hub of Paris.
Major General Marcks, Commander of the 84th Army Corps, including the 352ID, lost a leg in the invasion of Russian earlier and was killed June 12th in the St Lo area as his artificial leg slowed his escape from a staff car being attacked by fighter aircraft.
After a study of the analyses of the landings on Sicily and in Italy proper, it was clear to me, that as soon as possible upon landing, the enemy would attempt to capture ideal harbors such as the large harbor of Cherbourg and the harbors near Caen and St. Malo.
Afterwards they would develop larger bridgeheads with the necessary elements (build-up of reserves and breakout) that assured continued success of the Invasion. Consequently the large harbor of Cherbourg, because of its favorable short distances to the south coast of England, had the greatest importance.
At these conferences General Marcks developed a scenario were the Allies would aim at taking Cherburg harbor by first cutting off the Carentan Peninsula through a massive airborne landings at the base of the peninsula along the Lessay to Carentan line.
So, the deployment of our forces was guided by the high probability that the enemy will seek the spacious Cherbourg harbor, by first cutting off the Cotentan peninsula. After strengthening his bridgehead with additional forces, he would then break-out to the south and south-east (through the 352ID's left wing) and push on to Paris.
Therefore the focus in the 352ID’s sector was to both reinforce the left wing from the mouth of the river Vire to the south-east of the Cotentin peninsula with GR.914 and to use the 2nd Battalion from GR.916 (II/GR.916) as a Division reserve to strengthen the areas around St. Laurent (Omaha Beach) and send its 1st Battalion (I/GR.916) to Arromanches (what would become the Gold Beach area). These areas had beaches most likely threatened by enemy landings by sea.
The 84th Army Corps Reserve (Reinforced GR.915) was kept in readiness on the Division's right-wing, south of Bayeux, to deal with a possible withdrawal of the 21st Panzer Division, situated as counter-attack reserves just to the east. There was some concern by Gen. Marcks that the 21st Panzer Division would be pulled out by the High Command leaving the right wing leaving him without reserve forces to back up the 716ID Zone.
The 84th Army Corps (AKLXXXIV) had no forces of its own which was the normal custom, to be available as reserves. The lack of Corps reserve manpower-strapped 84th Army Corps and forced Gen. Marks to appropriate 352ID battalions. This not only reduced 352ID ability to perform its own mission (defense of the 352ID Zone) but assignment of battalions out side their home regiment, affected their ability to coordinate operations with their new regimental commands.
The deployment of I/GR916 under GR.726 and the deployment of I/GR915 under GR.916 are examples of Corps level intervention and micro-management of Divison level combat strength.-SB
“Eventually It became clear to us that the invasion was liable to happen by summer and directly involve our zone. This was supported by press reports about Russia's call for decisive intervention by the Western Powers, by a new stricter censorship in England and the curbing of diplomatic privileges, by the presence (according to the Army newspaper Wehrmacht) of enemy landing crafts gathering on the south coast of England and by the cancellation, from March-on, of all furloughs for every commanding and general staff officers. The way the High Command (OKW) carefully monitored the tides also suggested that they expected an invasion soon.
Then, there started a very lively enemy carrier pigeon traffic in all sectors of the 352ID from 20th of March to the 20th of May 1944. 27 carrier pigeons were shot!”
A French resistance cell in Cricqueville behind Point du Hoc, operated the carrier pigeon operation. -SB
“However, it then seemed that my Division Commander was lead to expect the invasion in early August from a conversation with Rommel whom he personally knew. Rommel was on leave by June 6th, having left for his home in Germany early Sunday on June 4th.”
Originally Rommel confided that the invasion could occur as early as late-May and he remarked to the assembled garrison at strong point Wn.62 that “this section of the coast resembles the Bay of Salerno in Italy and there fore we should be on special guard against hostile landings!” Allied troops landed in the Bay of Salerno in September 1943. -SB
"The employment of reserves was Fieldmarshal Rommel's specialty. He believed with all heavy weapons (the Division's field strength) incorporated into existing beach strong-points or added to new fortifications, the enemy could be destroyed in the water in front of our 'Main Line of Resistance' (MLR).
On Rommel's visit in May, I was reproached for not bringing reserves (rifle companies without heavy weapons) up close to the coast. In response, I questioned Rommel on how enemy infiltration in the rear of our zone could be countered with-out reserves well behind the lines. This question remained unanswered. I clearly felt that with an attack on our beach positions the whole area would be under heavy naval fire and air attacks
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imajını da onarabilir. Aracın kullanımı da oldukça kolaydır.
- DISM aracını komut girilebilen herhangi bir ortamdan kullanabilirsiniz. Örneğin WinRE veya komut istemi. WinRE ortamında çevrimdışı olarak Windows ortamında çevrimiçi olarak çalışır. Çevrimiçi çalıştıracaksınız sistemi bir süre kullanmayın.
- Aracı çevrimiçi olarak çalıştırmak için DISM /Online /Cleanup-Image /ScanHealth komutunu çalıştırın. Eğer sorunlar bulunursa DISM /Online /Cleanup-Image /RestoreHealth komutu ile onarım işlemini başlatın.
- Aracı çevrimdışı olarak çalıştırmak için DISM /image:D:\ /cleanup-image /restorehealth komutunu çalıştırın. Buradaki sürücü harfi, WinRE'de görülen sürücü harfidir.
SIFIRLAMA
Sıfırlama, bilgisayarı fabrika ayarlarına döndürür. Dosyalarınızı koruyabilir veya tümden bilgisayarı sıfırlayabilirsiniz. Bu seçenekler size sunulmakta. Yine de başlamadan önce verilerinizin yedeğini alabiliyorsanız mutlaka alın.
- Windows ortamında görev çubuğundaki arama simgesine tıklayıp sıfırla yazın ve Bu bilgisayarı sıfırla sonucuna tıklayın. Açılan pencerede siyah kenarlıkla vurgulanmış Başlayın düğmesine tıklayın. Ekrandaki yönergeleri izleyin.
- Çevrimdışı olarak WinRE ortamından sıfırlamak için Sorun Gider > Bilgisayarınızı sıfırlayın'ı tıklayın. Ekrandaki yönergeleri izleyin.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Researchers enabled a quadriplegic patient to perform simple tasks with a robotic arm by implanting electrodes into a part of his brain where intentions form.
The experiment, by the California Institute of Technology (Caltech), the University of Southern California (USC) and Rancho Los Amigos National Rehabilitation Center, is the first of its kind, paving the way for further improvements in treatment of severely disabled people.
The patient, 34-year-old Erik Sorto, has been paralysed from neck down since the age of 21 when he was shot in the back. For the first time since the crippling injury, he can now perform simple tasks unassisted, such as drinking a beer or making a handshake gesture.
“I joke around with the guys that I want to be able to drink my own beer, to be able to take a drink at my own pace, when I want to take a sip out of my beer and to not have to ask somebody to give it to me,” Sorto said.
The study published in the latest issue of the Science Journal has provided him with means to reach his humble dream.
The scientist behind the project took a novel approach and unlike earlier attempts that implanted electrodes directly into those parts of the brain responsible for motion, they targeted areas in the posterior parietal cortex (PPC) where neurons exchange information about the intended motoric activity.
"The PPC is earlier in the pathway, so signals there are more related to movement planning - what you actually intend to do - rather than the details of the movement execution," said Richard Andersen, a neuroscience professor at Caltech.
"When you move your arm, you really don't think about which muscles to activate and the details of the movement - such as lift the arm, extend the arm, grasp the cup, close the hand around the cup, and so on. Instead, you think about the goal of the movement, for example, 'I want to pick up that cup of water.'”
In the experiment, which started in 2013 with a demanding five-hour surgery, the researchers proved they were able to decode the patient’s intentions by simply asking him to imagine a movement as a whole rather than breaking it down into individual components.
While the patient was imaging various types of movements, the researchers were monitoring his brain activity using magnetic resonance imaging.
This information was then used to steer a computer cursor or to direct a robotic arm situated next to the patient to the intended location.
The results were satisfying. Sorto was able to move the robotic arm much more smoothly than patients involved in earlier studies.
"I was surprised at how easy it was," said Sorto, a single father of two. "I remember just having this out-of-body experience, and I wanted to just run around and high-five everybody."
The route to this success was quite challenging. The surgery itself was quite demanding as it marked the first instance implants were being placed into this particular part of the brain.
“These arrays are very small so their placement has to be exceptionally precise, and it took a tremendous amount of planning, working with the Caltech team to make sure we got it right," said Charles Y. Liu, professor of neurological surgery at USC.
“Keep in mind that what we're able to do - the ability to record the brain's signals and decode them to eventually move the robotic arm - is critically dependent on the functionality of these arrays, which is determined largely at the time of surgery."
After the operation Sorto started his rehabilitation and training, learning with the help of therapists, how to correctly visualise the movements to make a computer connected to ports extending from his skull, to understand his intentions.
"It was a big surprise that the patient was able to control the limb on day one, the very first day he tried," Andersen said. "This attests to how intuitive the control is when using PPC activity."
The project is now entering its third year and the researchers are hopeful the technology could in the future help many people trapped in a failing body after devastating injuries, strokes or even due to degenerative diseases.
"This study has been very meaningful to me," said Sorto. "As much as the project needed me, I needed the project. It gives me great pleasure to be part of the solution for improving paralyzed patients' lives.”<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>试压泵大家都知道可以分为三种，一种是电动试压泵、第二种是手动试压泵、第三种是电动手提式试压泵。电动试压泵可以用于填充或者测试各种水和油等。电动试压泵从震动上提供了可靠的保证，体积小而且该设备是非常容易使用的，试压泵所有的部件是由不锈钢和黄铜密封好。试压泵开始使用前应详细检查各部件连接处是否拧紧，压力表是否正常，进出水管是否安装好。试压泵安全使用要点（遇见故障及解决办法）：切莫让试压泵长期超负荷运转，不要抽含沙量大的水，试压泵脱水运行的时间不宜过长，以免使电机过热而烧毁。机组在作业中，操作的人必须随时观察试压泵工作电压和电流是否在铭牌上规定的数值内，若不符合应使电机停止运转，找出原因并排除故障。为提高试压效率，可先将被测试容器或设备先注满水，然后接试压泵的出水管。
对于泵的测试工作我们也是会提供详细的说明介绍。试压泵的材料是不锈钢的，这种材质可以在高温下工作而不受影响。在试压泵的测试上，为了减少能源的使用，确保正确操作，泵的定期监测工作是非常有必要的，抽水站应该定期进行测试。个别的大型试压泵供水的设计上，它一般都是有离心泵，大概的效率应该在70-80%之间。他们应该单独进行测试，确保正常范围内的正常工作。使用操作步骤：① 开启放水阀。②启动电机，在常压下运转5分钟，检查泵的运转是否正常。若无异常响声及阻滞现象，吸、排情况正常且泵排出的工作介质无明显波动，即可关闭放水阀，启动本泵试压。③当泵的排出压力达到或接近要求压力值时，即应停机，关闭截止阀后，打开放水阀，使泵与被测试容器隔断，被测试容器处于保压状态。如被试容器不需保压，停机即可，不需关闭截止阀。④试压完毕后，打开截止阀及放水阀卸压，将工作介质放回水箱内。手动试压泵可以通过人工操作达到增压的目的，电动试压测是过电力带动达到增压的目的。
试压泵合理的设计，操作省力，设备轻便而且方便维修，可以大大的提高工作效率。试压泵在后期的维护上也是应该做到面面俱到的：
1.试压泵在使用之前应详细检查各部件连接处的情况，压力表和进出水管是否安装好。
2.先将被测试容器或设备先注满水，接上试压泵的出水管，这样可以提高工作效率。
4.在试压泵操作中如果有细微的掺水现象，应立即停止工作，进行检查和修理。
6.试压泵在不用时，应放尽泵内的水，吸入少量机油，防止锈蚀破坏设备。电动试压泵具有如此多的用处，我们在使用的时候正确使用的方法为：1.使用前，首先将开关顺时针拧紧。2.使用的工作介质必须100目/寸滤网过滤后才能注入水箱，吸入口不能漏出水面3.不宜在有酸碱、腐蚀性物质的工作场合使用4.停止使用后，应用煤油或火油作介质过滤一下。按照厂家提供的说明书正确规范使用才能是产品使用寿命得以延长。试压泵发生故障现象产生原因，排除方法试压泵的压力上升太慢或不上升。1.水源不充足2.吸水管进气
管道试压泵是大家常见的一种设备，不管是阀门试压泵还是锅炉试压泵，只要有需要测试的地方都有可能用到，我们的管道电动试压泵测压准确，操作轻便.2D-SY型（6.3—80MPa）电动试压泵在柱塞的往复作用下，2只水缸内的工作容积形成周期变化。当柱塞为吸入行程时，出水阀关闭，随水缸工作容积的增大，缸内形成真空，水箱内的工作介质在大气压力的作用下，通过滤网、进水管、顶开进水阀进入缸体内。当柱塞为排出行程时，进水阀关闭，出水阀被迫开启，柱塞将工作介质通过出水阀输入集水器，输送到被试容器内，实现试压。为提高试压效率、可先将被测试容器或设备先注满水，再接试压泵的出水管。在试压过程中，若发现水中有多量空气可拧开放水阀，把空气放掉。
管道试压泵结构设计合理，操作省力，设备轻便而且方便维修，可以大大的提高工作效率。2D-SY型（6.3—80MPa）电动试压泵是机械工业部通用机械研究所试压泵联合设计组设计的最新系列产品，它具备了旧式产品的“三化”程度高、使用寿命长、性能稳定、移动灵活、重量轻等特点，并在此基础上增加了传动装置和十字转换，使本系列产品的综合值全面达到要求，各种性能稳定可靠，使用更加安全方便，同时达到了节能省电的效果。在产品结构方面选用了封闭式水箱，降低了整机高度，使外形更加紧凑美观。有的电动试压泵对运用的工作介有规定。停用后，运用煤油或火油作介质过滤一下。
对于泵的测试工作我们也是会提供详细的说明介绍。试压泵的材料是不锈钢的，这种材质可以在高温下工作而不受影响。在试压泵的测试上，为了减少能源的使用，确保正确操作，泵的定期监测工作是非常有必要的，抽水站应该定期进行测试。个别的大型试压泵供水的设计上，它一般都是有离心泵，大概的效率应该在70-80%之间。他们应该单独进行测试，确保正常范围内的正常工作。电动试压泵电机正常运转但出水量少或根本不出水。这种情况应首先检查水泵的密封，检查时应先拔下电源插头，用手堵住吸水口，把水泵灌满水，用嘴衔住出口使劲往里吹气，观察泵头是否漏水，漏水之处也就是密封损坏之处。常见的故障部位有吸水口垫、出水口垫、叶轮盖垫，维修时应更换。若无满水现象，多是叶轮损坏、吸水室和出水室之间的挡水内隔蚀穿、泵头挡水隔磨平、叶轮和泵壳的间隙增大等，应更换叶轮和泵壳。更换趺轮时应注意彻底清除泵内残余的铜叶片，以免再次损坏新叶轮。集水器是泵的控制枢纽，起控制、测量和保护作用。集水器上设有安全阀、放水阀及连接输出接管的工作接头和压力表接头。<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>A lesson Plan Template is a document that describes the manner in which a teacher will instruct her learners in a given class schedule. Assuming that your lesson takes 40 minutes, you will have to distribute your tasks for the given time using a Unit Plan Templates. Partition it into three segments. Give at least 5 minutes for your introduction and another 5 minutes for conclusion. This leaves you with 30 minutes for lesson development.
95+ FREE PLAN Templates - Download Now Adobe PDF, Microsoft Word (DOC), Microsoft Excel (XLS), Google Docs, Apple (MAC) Pages, Google Sheets (SPREADSHEETS), Apple (MAC) Numbers, Microsoft Publisher
Sample Infant Lesson Plan Template Free Download
kidsnow.ky.gov | A child’s growing years are the most delightful and memorable years for its parents. In order to keep a track of the infant’s growth while in kindergarten or playschool, the Infant lesson plan template is helpful to plot the child’s responses to various external stimuli. Use it to ensure every single factor is taken into consideration and monitor the child’s growth.
Common Core Lesson Plan Word Format Free Download
ccs.edu | Teachers always want to remain organized and prepared, while wanting to plan in advance so that the students achieve more. The Common Core Lesson plan template does all this and more. It also helps the teacher to save time and aids collaboration too. Aligning to Common Core standards is easy and quick across all states.
Preschool Lesson Plan PDF Format Free Download
isbe.net | The child’s Pre-school years are extremely important and by documenting his/her growth in various areas and assessing it, is pretty useful to track the child’s development. The Pre-school Lesson Plan Template is a ready document that helps teachers to understand a child’s development in a clear and concise manner and give corresponding remarks and make notes.
Madeline Hunter Lesson Plan Example PDF Free Download
wikispaces.com | This document is a useful reference point that uses Dr. Madeline Hunter’s research about effective teachers and the methodology used by them. The Madeline Hunter Lesson Plan template makes this documentation easy and quick to prepare. It details the various materials or resources needed during this entire process and the objective of the research.
Weekly Lesson Plan Sample Word Template Free Download
rcboe.org | Planning and working according to the plan are important areas that need to be followed during school and college education. The Weekly Lesson Plan Template is the perfect tool ensure the plan works in conjunction with the various time schedules and keeps both the teacher and students in the same loop and promotes complete transparency for future follow-up.
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Lesson plans are designed for specific classes. They also target specific, measurable, attainable, realistic and time bound objectives. As a result, a perfect lesson plan should and must create room for evaluation of the success of the given lesson. You may Also Like Plan Templates<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>The government shut down earlier this year in the United States hasn’t shut down spending this holiday season. Shoppers plan to spend an average of US$801.00 on gifts.
And last year among the most requested items for Christmas were gift cards, electronics, and toys.
This year, why not try to give at least a few gifts that teach kids ways to create a better food system–and less about the latest trends?
These sorts of “gifts” are now needed more than ever before. According to the British Nutrition Foundation (BNF): Nearly one in ten secondary pupils thinks tomatoes grow under ground. The sad truth is that many children, all over the world, don’t know where their food comes from–and the results can be devastating. In New York City, 40 percent of all elementary school children are obese or overweight, making nutrition and food education an important topic for both parents and educators.
This holiday season consider giving the gift of a better food system through teaching kids about where food comes from, who grows it, and what sorts of foods are both healthy and delicious.
Food Tank has compiled a list of 15 books that will make great gifts for your daughter, son, niece, nephew, or grandchild this holiday!
1. Lidia’s Family Kitchen: Nonna’s Birthday Surprise by Lidia Bastianich
Nonna Lidia is responsible for planning the menu for a birthday surprise feast for Nonna Mima. Through the course of the evening’s preparations, Nonna
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, and atrocities committed by us and our enemies remained out of sight. We live in a far more open society. Will those who would destroy our way of life take advantage of that knowledge, and press their advantage? Will our leaders no longer seek absolute victory and instead allow relativism to replace moral principles? These are questions we must ponder.
A world without war is a worthy goal, but it is a dream, not a reality. Evil exists, and the greatest obligation of any country is to protect its citizens. “War,” as Clausewitz wrote, “is a mere continuation of politics by other means.” Nevertheless, going to war has to be the toughest decision any President or Congress makes, because it necessarily requires the ultimate sacrifice of many of its youth. It involves weighing two unknowns: What would the world look like if we did nothing? What will the world look like if we do something? Seeking answers to those questions is the job of leadership.
On September 1, 1945 President Truman spoke about the surrender of Japan. In acknowledging the immense loss of life and the terrible price paid by so many individuals, he said the purpose in destroying the evil of Nazism, Fascism and Japanese war lords was “to assure the survival of a civilized world.” Was the cost worth it? The subsequent decline in world poverty, the growth in global GDP and the proliferation in democracies suggest it was. Is not that the same goal in eradicating today’s evil, manifested by radical Islamic extremism? We are the only nation capable of responding effectively. To do so is our obligation to mankind. To do nothing (or to simply “contain” and “manage” the problem) assures that Islamic terrorism will persist and spread. But, if in destroying that evil we can assure the continuation of a civilized world, it will be a cost worth bearing, not just for ourselves but for all people, and for generations to come.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>“ A wild mushroom? Aren’t you scared?”
“What if it’s poisonous?” usually the first two reactions you’ll get from anybody when you tell them you’re going mushroom hunting or when you actually show them some wild mushroom you got from your hunting escapade.
These reactions are to be expected and especially so because the fungal kingdom seems to be a bit of a mystery! Of the 5.1 million fungal species currently estimated to be in existence, the number of identified species is still quite small in comparison.
Since mushroom collecting is growing in popularity – especially for people who enjoy foraging for food in the wild; this post will afford us the opportunity to shift focus
all our attention on the dangers of wild mushroom hunting. Though of course the risks are valid concerns, there is another side to wild mushroom hunting – the medicinal side, the healing side and the delicious side!
Let’s get started with “supposed common things” foragers often overlook.
- hunting mushrooms in the wild should never be thought of as a game of chance – wrong guesses can be as costly as landing you in the hospital for a liver transplant!
- avoid misidentificaton toxic look-alikes (poisonous mushrooms that look like edible ones),
- don’t be too eager to harvest mushrooms from the wild that you fill in the blanks with what they want to see rather than what is actually there especially at the sight of anything remotely close to a desirable mushroom.
- some social media sites are culprit when searching for mushrooms online – foragers please stick to quality and high referenced sites or check up with a local club or expert before consuming collected mushrooms the first time. Many beginners reference common names online and click ‘images’ on their search engine, where many mushrooms are misidentified
- When searching for mushrooms in the wild, inexperienced foragers should search for mushrooms alongside an experienced and trusted mycologist whenever possible.
Let’s take a step further and look at a few simple guidelines. Once you take the right precautions and gain a little education about native mushrooms, hunting wild mushrooms could be an extremely safe activity.
- Join a local mycological (fungi) group. They are located all over the United States. A list is available at the North American Mycological Association.
- Buy a regional field guide to learn what mushrooms grow wild near you.
- Seek to identify at least the genus of the mushroom you have found (identification keys include the stem, a spore print, what the mushroom is growing on and the structure of the stem base, which could be below ground).
- Take two collecting baskets when foraging. Put mushrooms positively identified as edible in one. Put mushrooms you are uncertain about in the other. You won’t get sick by simply touching a toxic mushroom, he said.
- Be extremely careful if you are a pet owner and want to take your dog on a foraging trip. Dogs lead the list as victims of deadly and poisonous mushrooms — more than any other animal or humans.
Looks like this post will have to continue another day. It’s becoming lengthy already and we’ve yet to look at other essentials like edible-toxic-look alikes, images of mushrooms that should be avoided etc. Meanwhile, you can read more here.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Tepco, la società che gestisce la centrale nucleare giapponese di Fukushima, potrebbe riversare acqua radioattiva nell’Oceano Pacifico. La possibilità è al vaglio del Governo
La società Tokyo Electric Power, che gestisce la centrale nucleare giapponese di Fukushima, potrebbe smaltire in mare, nell’Oceano Pacifico, l’acqua radioattiva trattata nella centrale colpita, nel marzo 2011, da un terremoto.
Dopo il sisma Tepco ha stoccato più di un milione di tonnellate di acqua contaminata, proveniente dai condotti di raffreddamento dei reattori, nella zona destinata alle riserve nella centrale. Lo spazio però dovrebbe esaurirsi entro il 2022.
Cosa fare dunque? Per il ministro dell’Ambiente Yoshiaki Harada Tepco dovrebbe riversare l’acqua in mare. “L’unica soluzione è quella di versarla in mare e diluirla”, ha detto il ministro durante un briefing informativo a Tokyo. “Il governo ne discuterà, ma vorrei offrire la mia semplice opinione”.
Quella di Harada è una “personale opinione”, ci ha tenuto a precisare il segretario di gabinetto giapponese Yoshihide Suga. Quel che è certo è che, al momento, nulla è ancora deciso: il governo prenderà una decisione sulla questione dopo aver esaminato un rapporto degli esperti. E Tepco dovrà rispettare le istruzioni governative.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>What did CS Lewis think of the Puritans?
It is sometimes implied that Lewis leant as equally towards Catholic as Protestant doctrine. Some might wrongly assume that his views on hell and the afterlife (for those outside of the Christian faith) meant that he wasn’t familiar with Reformed teaching or the works of the Puritans.
But even a superficial reading of his masterpiece of literary criticism, English Literature in the Sixteenth Century (excluding drama), plunges us straight into his well-formed opinions of the major influences on that century and the centuries that followed it.
His discussion of puritan and reformed thinking is not only easy to grasp but thoroughly enjoyable. Typical of Lewis.
Here are a few gems to whet your appetite…
A correct understanding of the goal of puritanism
‘The puritans were so called because they claimed to be purists or purifiers in ecclesiastical polity: not because they laid more emphasis than other Christians on ‘purity’ in the sense of chastity.’
A correct understanding of the nature of ‘puritan’ experience
‘We want, above all, to know what it felt like to be an early Protestant.
One thing is certain. It felt very unlike being a ‘puritan’ such as we meet in nineteenth-century fiction. Dickens’s Mrs. Clennam, trying to expiate her early sin by a long life of voluntary gloom, was doing exactly what the first Protestants would have forbidden her to do. They would have thought her whole conception of expiation papistical. On the Protestant view one could not, and by God’s mercy, need not, expiate one’s sins.’
Tyndale and Luther properly understood Paul’s doctrine of Justification by Faith and not by works
‘In the mind of a Tyndale or Luther, as in the mind of St. Paul himself, this theology was by no means an intellectual construction made in the interests of speculative thought. It springs directly out of a highly specialized religious experience; and all its affirmations, when separated from that context, become meaningless or else mean the opposite of what was intended…’
‘Catastrophic Conversion’ essential to the experience of joy and bliss
‘The experience is that of catastrophic conversion.
The man who has passed through it feels like one who has waked from a nightmare into ecstasy.
Like an accepted lover, he feels that he has done nothing, and never could have done anything, to deserve such astonishing happiness. Never again can he ‘crow from the dunghill of desert’.
All the initiative has been on God’s side; all has been free, unbounded grace. And all will continue to be free, unbounded grace.
His own puny and ridiculous efforts would be as helpless to retain the joy as they would have been to achieve it in the first place.
Fortunately they need not. Bliss is not for sale, cannot be earned.
‘Works’ have no ‘merit’, though of course faith, inevitably, even unconsciously, flows out into works of love at once.
He is not saved because he does works of love: he does works of love because he is saved.
It is faith alone that has saved him: faith bestowed by sheer gift. From this buoyant humility, this farewell to the self with all its good resolutions, anxiety, scruples, and motive-scratchings, all the Protestant doctrines originally sprang.
To read the next post (CS Lewis on Predestination) click here
To read a review of AN Wilson’s biography on Lewis click here
© 2013 Lex Loizides / Church History Blog<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>不管对于哪个品牌而言，在其成长发展的过程中，总会对自己的品牌LOGO进行调整和改变，以便更好的符合当下的品牌定位，给用户带来不一样的感受和体验。 在讲徕卡之前，我们先看看下面这张各大品牌的演变的图片，可以看出这些品牌都经历了Logo标志设计
我们不会改变世界, 但我们的客户会！
We don't change the world. But our clients do
设想品牌的未来, 让品牌更有意义
DELIVER BRAND FROM strategy TO REALITY.we make brand matter<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>The Godfather 3'ün çekildiği malikane satılıyor!
Francis Ford Coppola'nın Thr Godfather üçleme serisi, bugüne kadarki en ikonik eserlerden olarak dikkat çekiyor. Hayranlarının çok iyi bildiği 3. filmdeki İtalyan kalesi satışa sunuldu.
Francis Ford Coppola'nın Thr Godfather üçleme serisi, bugüne kadarki en ikonik eserlerden olarak dikkat çekiyor. Neredeyse izlemeyeni olmadığı gibi, bütün filmlerini ve sahnelerini ezberlemiş kişiler de bulunuyor. Ve şimdi hayranlarının çok iyi bildiği 3. filmdeki İtalyan kalesi satışa sunuldu.
Para Dergisi'nde yer alan habere göre; Maden baronu Agostino Pennisi di Floristella'nın Palermolu mimar Giuseppe Matricolo'ya inşa ettirdiği 19. yüzyıldan kalma gösterişli malikane için 6.8 milyon dolar fiyat biçildi.
2.1 dönümlük arazide konumlanan yapı, yaklaşık 4 bin metrekarelik kullanım alanını da bulunduruyor. 22 odalı ve 8 banyolu olan malikane, mavi geometrik desenlerle kaplı bir görkemli tavana sahip. Yapıda ayrıca sanatçı stüdyosu, küçük bir şapel ve kütüphane yer alıyor.
140 yaşında olan bina, Güney İtalya'nın sarsılmasına neden olan ve Sicilya'nın Messina kasabasını yok eden yıkıcı 108 yılındaki depremden sağ çıktı.
Malikenin duvarlarında dönemin önemli sanatçılarına ait yağlı boyama işleri ve büstler bulunuyor.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>tr.cooltest.me - Facebook için uygulama ve cool testler ile eğlen.
Kaç insan seni öpmek seninle evlenmek ya da seni öldürmek istiyor?
Kim seninle ilişki yaşamak için yanıp tutuşuyor?
Gizli aşığın kim?
60 Saniye İçinde Hayat Hikayen! Hemen İzle!
En iyi arkadaşların kimler?
3 Yıl Sonra Kiminle İlişkin Olacak?
Bu 1 dakikalık video hayatının en iyi anlarını gösteriyor!
Bu 60 saniyelik video sana zamanın ne kadar da çabuk geçtiğini gösterecek! Videonu hemen izle!
Tıpkı senin yüzüne benzeyen yüzü bul!
2016 Yılında Ne Kadar İyi ve Ne Kadar Kötü Biri Oldun?
2016 Yılın Nasıldı?
Kimi evleneceksin?<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>- © 2014 by the Mineralogical Society of America
Kaolin has played a prominent role in both Earth and human cultural history, and will continue to do so into the foreseeable future. Its abundance in the rock record has varied according to the waxing and waning of life faunal radiations, crustal differentiation, and climatic conditions. Kaolin-group minerals play an important environmental role in soils of tropical and temperate regions. They also occur in hydrothermal zones, where they form at the expense of felsic rocks through acid hydrolysis, and commonly in episodic geologic events. Kaolin deposits form the basis of many modern materials, but the first sophisticated human use was in porcelains from Jingdezhen, China. From the initial discovery of kaolin and its sculptural use 2000 years ago to today's modern applications in nanocomposites, kaolin has been important throughout cultural history. Art and science are intertwined by the properties and uses of this amazingly small clay mineral.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Manu Le Prince Fransa da yaşayan latin cazın farklı sesidir. Sıcak ve etkili sesinin yanı sıra şarkı sözleri ve bestelerde yapan Manu caz ve latin şarkılarına kişisel yorumlar getirmektedir. 20 yıldır Pariste yaşayan Manu sürekli olarak Paris ve Brezilya arasında seyahat etmekte, her iki ülkede konserler vermektedir. 19 yaşındayken Londrada şarkı söylemeye başlayan Manu Fransaya geri döndüğünde çeşitli gruplarla beraber sahne aldı. Christian Vanderın "magma" fransız rock grubu, solo ve soprano vokal olarak Urban Sax, Fransız şarkıcı Bernard Lavilliers, içinde Chico Buarque ve Vinicius Cantuarianın da bulunduğu Boto e novos tempos gibi grup ve müzisyenlerle birlikte aynı sahneleri paylaştı. Sonradan kendi orkestrasını kuran Manu uzun bir süre Brezilyada yaşadıktan sonra ve ilk çocuğunun doğumuyla birlikte farklı bir şeyler yapmak ve kendi tarzını yaratabilmek için Daniel Goyone, Francis Lockwood ile beraber beste yaparak ilk albümü Agorayı 1991 yılında yayınladı. Brezilyaya ikinci gidişinde Hermeto Pascoal, Robertinho Silva gibi değerli dostlar edindi ve Parise dönüşünde muhteşem tromboncu Raul de Souza ile tanıştı. Bir Brezilya müziği aşığı olan Manu uzun süreler Fransa, Avrupa ve Brezilyada Bossa Nova söyledi. 1992-1996 da büyük "Mister Bouff" orkestrasıyla Fransanın dört bir yanında aktiviteler ve karnavallar düzenlediler. 1998 yılı boyunca Brezilya şovlarına katıldı, bir çoğunu da kendisi düzenledi. Aynı yılın Haziranında dünya kupasında Brezilyayı temsil etmek için Pariste Place de la Concordeda 4 büyük şov düzenledi. Mart ayında Brezilya turnelerine çıktı ve o günden beri her sene düzenli olarak Brezilyada değişik performanslara katılıyor.
Manu Le Prince 2-3-4 Nisanda 3 konser için İstanbul Jazz Centerda sahne alacak. Son albümü "Cole Porter Songs" kapsamında konserler veren Le Prince caz standartları külliyatının en önemli şarkılarına imza atan büyük caz bestecisi ve müzisyen Cole Portera saygılarını da sunuyor.
Cazkolik.com / 28 Mart 2009, Cumartesi
Siz de yorum yazarak programcımıza fikirlerini bildirin. Yorumlar yönetici onayından sonra sitede yayınlanmaktadır. *.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>重庆女子坐过站殴打公交司机，乘客劝阻还反遭殴打！
乘车过程中若是不小心坐过站，可以在附近站点及时下车，不要提出无理要求甚至做出激行为。12月10日，黑龙江大庆一名女子在坐过站后要求司机停车，遭拒绝后2次疯抢司机方向盘企图停车，乘客劝阻还反遭殴打，究竟发生了什么？
据司机介绍，当时一名女子在车厢内按门铃要下车，但当时车子已经启动行驶，不可能二次停车所以他就拒绝了，不料女子竟然冲了上来抓司机方向盘。第一次的时候，旁边的男子及时抱住女子制止了这种危险行为，没想到女子竟然再次抢方向盘，致公交车失控撞向马路中间的护栏。
随后该女子突然到车后与其他乘客发生冲突，拿着扫帚拖把在公交上打起来，司机意识到事情的严重性连忙停车制止，并且及时报警。乘客陆续下车时，女子企图逃脱，被司机一把抓住。目前，该女子已经被民警带走。<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>In the past, a scholar would have to spend years of intense researching in order to assemble a broad humanities-based assessment of a topic like the role of race in 19th-century literature.
“That would require reading for years,” said Ryan Cordell, a new assistant professor of English in theCollege of Social Sciences and Humanities at Northeastern. “And after all that time, he or she would have read 0.0001 percent of what was written in that era. There are limits of what you can physically read.”
Enter the emerging field of digital humanities, which applies computer and network-science techniques to digitized texts, like the massive volumes of literature that have been scanned and stored over the past two decades.
“The Internet Archive has scanned more than 2 million public-domain books spanning
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وسفی در گفت وگو با خبرنگار ورزشی خبرگزاری فارس، درباره وضعیت ورزشگاه قایقرانی سیروس انزلی که استقلال در هفته دوم لیگ برتر میزبان آن است، اظهار داشت: ۲۶ شکایت از ورزشگاه روئینگ انزلی از فرماندار. انزلی به نمایندگان مجلس اسلامی، تیم فوتبال و اداره کل ورزش و جوانان شهرستان انزلی و استان گیلان پای کار آمده اند و پیوسته در تلاش برای رفع مشکلات ورزشگاه هستند.
وی افزود: مهمترین ایرادات ورزشگاه از جمله روشنایی، بلیط تماشاگران، صندلی های ویژه، برگشت نیمکت ذخیره از کنار زمین و … رفع شده است. اسکوربورد را هم در ورزشگاه درست کرده اند. باید بگویم که کارهای نیمه تمام این ۲۰ سال در ۲ ماه گذشته در این ورزشگاه در حال انجام است. امروز نماینده سازمان لیگ برای ارزیابی مجدد ورزشگاه به انزلی می آید.
دبیر تیم فوتبال انزلی تصریح کرد: در آخرین فصل لیگ یک، ورزشگاه روئینگ انزلی با کمترین مشکل میزبان مسابقات لیگ یک بود. چه اینکه جشن قهرمانی را با اکثر هواداران در این ورزشگاه بدون مشکل برگزار کردیم. در حال حاضر آماده پذیرایی از استقلال هستیم و مشکلی وجود ندارد، با این حال منتظر حضور نماینده سازمان لیگ هستیم.
یوسفی درباره اینکه آیا این دیدار با حضور تماشاگر برگزار می شود یا خیر، گفت: هنوز چیزی به ما نگفته اند اما برای حضور تماشاگران در ورزشگاه آماده هستیم.
انتهای پیام/
می توانید این مقاله را ویرایش کنید
این مقاله را برای صفحه اول پیشنهاد دهید<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>This is a guest post from Lior Levine. Find out more about him in the author bio below this post.
No matter what the course of study one is following in college, it will have some demand for extra-curricular reading. The following is a list of some great books that can be utilized by college students to help them further their knowledge according to their course of interest.
The World is Flat: A Brief History of the Twenty-first Century By Thomas L.Friedman
Any student involved in the study of history or politics will find this book of great interest. Even for those individuals who have a personal interest in these subjects aside from their studies will find plenty of material for debate within these pages.
The book focuses on Friedman encouraging the reader to understand what the world has to offer now by being “connected” and realizing globalization is spear-headed by individuals, not conglomerates.
The Art of War & The Prince by Niccolo Machiavelli
For those students who have need for a clearer understanding of Machiavelli, this is the book to do the job. It is a combination of two works of Machiavelli, clearly outlining the concept of power. Students of Machiavelli find that the combination of these two writings offers a clearer picture of the influence that he has had on humanity. It can be seen through this text that prominent figures have followed his advice down through the centuries.
The Conservative Mind by Russell Kirk
Student with a passion for learning politics will not want to pass up the opportunity to enhance their studies with The Conservative mind. All too often students who hail themselves as being conservative are shocked at some of the revelations that are presented in this reading. It provides food for thought for those that take the concept of conservatism lightly. This book clearly outlines in detail the philosophy of what conservative truly stands for.
The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle by James H. Ford
A must read for the student of English Literature or those focusing on European History.
This book is an easy read for those students who need to absorb the key issues of British history. The easy to follow time-line makes it a much more structured form of information gathering.
The Elements of Style, Fourth Edition by William Strunk
A prelim to writing styles is perfect for helping the new students get on the right track for all their college writing requirements. It can save hours of mistakes and rewrites for the new student. For upcoming novelists and authors, this book is one that can be constantly referenced to for simple solutions. With the combination of this book plus following updates in the world of English it provides a solid reference resource.
Editors note: The Elements of Style is a book that I personally recommend as well. This is a fantastic guide to writing well.
These are five of many excellent books that are readily available for any college student. Although these cover just a few subjects, there are books available for any student wishing to further enhance their studies in their particular area of interest. It is important to read as many types of books in your chosen field as you can in order to allow you different perceptions of what it is you are learning.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>BOTOX TREATMENT FOR THE BLADDER
Botox (Botulinum A toxin) is a powerful drug that acts to temporarily paralyze muscles when it is locally injected. Botox is known for its popular use in cosmetics, but it actually has far reaching medical applications. It is commonly used for diverse conditions like muscle spasticity, headaches, as well as the treatment of urinary incontinence.
Botox is a well-tolerated treatment and the application of this therapy ranges from simple conditions like overactive bladder to treatment of severely spastic bladders from neurologic disease. In many instances, Botox can be injected in a short procedure in our clinic. The therapy last for six to eight months and then is re-injected. There is no limitation to the duration of using this type of therapy.
How does botox treat urinary incontinence?
Botox has been used to treat urinary incontinence for many years. It acts to decrease the muscular contractions of the bladder. These bladder “spasms” can arise from routine overactive bladder, which commonly occurs in women with aging or they can be more serious in patients with neurogenic bladder from neurologic disease or injury.
Bladder spasticity has a lot of different names; it is also called overactive bladder, detrusor overactivity, detrusor hyperreflexia, and neurogenic bladder.
How is botox administered?
Botox needs to be injected into the muscle of the bladder. This is done in the clinic or operating room. First the bladder is flushed with a local anaesthesia, via a catheter, which is allowed to thoroughly numb the bladder. Then a scope is passed up the urethra (urine channel) into the bladder. A small needle is placed through the scope and several injections are made into the bladder designed to spread Botox throughout the muscle of the bladder. Most patients tolerate this procedure well.
How quickly does botox work and how long does it last?
Botox begins to work at about 1 week, but the full effect of the medicine may take up to two weeks. Botox is not permanent and will last about six to eight months in the bladder. Botox has a prolonged effect in the bladder compared to other muscles where it may only last a few months.
What are the risks of botox?
Botox acts to decrease the strength of the bladder’s natural contraction. It eliminates bladder spasm by this method. One potential side effect of this is urinary retention. In other words, the Botox works to well and patients cannot void on their own, or they have some residual urine in their bladder that does not pass with normal urination. Some residual urine does not cause much problem, but if this residual urine is high, or a patient cannot void a catheter has to be placed or a patient has to periodically pass a catheter in order to drain their bladder. This complication is rare in patients with overactive bladder, because we limit the amount of Botox we inject.
In patients with neurogenic bladder from conditions like multiple sclerosis or spinal cord injury we use much more Botox than in a patient with overactive bladder. The reason for this is patients with neurogenic bladder often are dependent upon catheterization to start with. In these patients the goal is to inject enough Botox, so the bladder does not contract at all. This will eliminate leakage from bladder spasms and patients often are dry in between catheterizations.
There have been very few instances of Botox ever causing systemic weakness. This is a risk of Botox therapy, but extremely uncommon.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Raf bulutları, Arcus olarak da bilinen, fırtına öncesi gökyüzünde görülen, genellikle alçak irtifa ve uzun, yatay bir yapıya sahip bulutlardır. Görünüşleri raf veya makaraya benzediğinden bu şekilde adlandırılırlar. Alt kısımları düz ve pürüzsüz, üst kısımları ise dalgalı veya kabarık olabilir. Raf bulutları genellikle gri veya beyaz renktedir, ancak fırtınanın şiddetine bağlı olarak turuncu veya kırmızımsı bir renk de alabilirler.
Raf Bulutu Neyin Habercisi?
Raf bulutları, genellikle gök gürültülü fırtınaların yaklaştığını gösterir. Bu bulutlar, fırtına yaklaştıkça belirginleşir ve yükselir. Şiddetli rüzgar, dolu ve ani yağışlar gibi tehlikeli hava koşullarının habercisi olabilirler. Bu yüzden, bir raf bulutu gördüğünüzde fırtınaya karşı hazırlıklı olmalı ve güvenli bir yerde sığınmalısınız.
Raf Bulutu Neden Olur?
İstanbul'da görülen ve havanın aniden kararmasına yol açan bu bulut, bilimsel olarak "raf bulutu" olarak adlandırılır. Raf bulutları, arcus bulutlarının bir alt türü olarak kabul edilir.
Arcus bulutları genellikle güçlü fırtınalar sırasında ortaya çıkar ve cumulonimbus bulutunun altında ona bitişik bir şekilde yer alırlar.
Cumulonimbus bulutları, yukarı doğru yükselen yoğun bulutlardır ve dolu, gök gürültüsü ve şimşek oluşturabilirler. Bu bulutların alt kısmı genellikle düzdür ve yer yüzeyinden karanlık bir duvar gibi görünür.
Cumulonimbus bulutundan aşağı doğru bir soğuk hava akımı yere ulaştığında, soğuk hava yerin yüzeyi boyunca yayılır. Bu süreçte, yer yüzeyindeki nemli sıcak hava yukarı doğru hareket eder.
Nemli sıcak hava yukarı doğru yükselirken soğur ve yoğunlaşır, bu da arcus bulutlarının oluşumuna neden olur.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>مسعود صادقی، مدیرکل دفتر نظارت بر توزیع توانیر، در خصوص اجرای طرح تعدیل روشنایی معابر در کشور گفت: به دنبال کاهش دمای هوا و افزایش مصرف حامل های انرژی به عنوان منابع حرارتی، وزارت نیرو در راستای پشتیبانی از زیرساخت های انرژی کشور، طرح های متعددی را در دستور کار خود قرار داده است که کاهش و تعدیل روشنایی معابر درون و برون شهری از جمله مهم ترین این طرح ها است.
وی اجرای طرح منع تردد شبانه شهری به دلیل شیوع بیماری کرونا را نیز فرصتی مناسب برای کاهش روشنایی در برخی از بزرگراه ها و معابر کم تردد خواند و افزود: تعدیل روشنایی معابر با هدف کاهش مصرف گاز نیروگاهی در سه بخش روشنایی بزرگراهی، بین شهری و فضای سبز و با محوریت شرکت های توزیع برق، وزارت راه و شهرسازی و شهرداری ها و در تمامی استان ها در حال اجرا است و انتظار می رود همه دستگاه های اجرایی کشور، همکاری لازم را به منظور اجرای این طرح با شرکت های توزیع برق به عمل آورند.
* نور معابر درون شهری تهران نیز تعدیل می شود
حمیدرضا منصوری، معاون بهره برداری و دیسپاچینگ شرکت توزیع نیروی برق تهران بزرگ نیز تامین برق مورد نیاز شهروندان به شکلی پایدار و ایمن را مهم ترین رسالت کاری این شرکت دانست و گفت: در مسیر تحقق اهداف وزارت نیرو به منظور جلوگیری از بروز وقفه در ارائه خدمات به شهروندان در حوزه انرژی، با توجه به وسعت جغرافیایی و تعدد و گستردگی معابر پایتخت، این شرکت نیز همگام با سایر شرکت های توزیع در کشور، تلاش دارد تا با تعدیل روشنایی معابر درون شهری، به کاهش مصرف گاز نیروگاه ها و تامین انرژی گرمایشی مورد نیاز نقاط سردسیر کمک کند.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>- 公司简介
- 产品线
1906年，两名高三学生弗兰克·卡莱尔（Frank Carlile）和里昂·道蒂（Leon Doughty）对未来做出了预见——即在未来，新的电力技术将带领国家进入一个崭新的世纪。在这首次预见成功之后，他俩再接再厉，洞察出了新兴汽车行业中悄然萌生的机会。由此，以他俩首字母缩写为名字的公司- C&D（西恩迪）便开始了汽车电池生产之路。
经过百年的持续发展，如今的西恩迪科技有限公司已成为一家生产、销售电力转换和后备产品的高科技公司，公司致力于为开关电源、控制设备（公共设施）、通信行业、不间断电源（UPS）以及新兴能源市场（如太阳能产品）等提供全方位的解决方案和服务。公司具有全系列备用电源的设计、生产、销售及服务能力，致力于调节和控制电能，提供值得信赖的电能保障。西恩迪科技在全球拥有2000多名员工，400多家代理机构，北美设有5个生产基地，墨西哥和中国分别设有1个生产基地和研发中心，在欧洲和中东有4个物流中心。
1999年，美国西恩迪科技有限公司收购美国江森旗下的DYNASTY（大力神）部门，其中包括上海江森自控国际蓄电池有限公司67%的股份。上海西恩迪蓄电池有限公司由美国西恩迪科技有限公司与上海输配电股份有限公司共同投资组建，西恩迪科技持股67%并负责公司的管理工作，总投资资金为5000万美元。2012年初，根据美国西恩迪科技公司与上海输配电股份有限公司双方各自发展和根本利益的需要，经磋商一致，美方对中方股份进行战略收购。7月底，美国西恩迪科技宣布上海西恩迪蓄电池有限公司正式成为美国独资公司。 2013年年底，根据美国西恩迪科技公司发展需要，成立西恩迪（上海）贸易有限公司，上海西恩迪蓄电池有限公司为西恩迪（上海）贸易有限公司提供并生产电池。
西恩迪占地108亩，建筑面积 32,000平方米，有雇员560多人。致力于工业用电池的生产，主要产品包括LIBERTY电池、MPS系列、UPS不间断电源系列电池、电信用前端子电池系列等等。 西恩迪具有美国21世纪最先进的电池生产线，产品大量出口到欧、美、澳洲及亚太等地。原有品牌DYNASTY大力神广为国内外众多客户所认可，并获得了卓越声誉。2000年，公司为了在电信、不间断电源、电力等相关行业中取得长足发展，并进一步提升产品优势，将两个原有的品牌“DYNASTY大力神”及“LIBERTY”统一为LIBERTY™。品牌统一后，产品无论从外观设计、内在质量，至售后服务，均与品牌统一前出品完全保持一致。公司一直致力于遵循最高的环境、健康与安全标准，在中国制造业领域环保方面取得了持续领先的地位，并获得了各项高标准、严要求的的资质认证，如ISO9001-2004、ISO 14001-2004、UL、TLC、QC-080000、中国网络接入认证以及国家工业品制造证书等等
西恩迪取得的成功得益于创新的科技实力、高标准的设计制造水平、高效率的经销渠道以及完善的服务体系。今天的上海西恩迪蓄电池有限公司朝气蓬勃，为迎接中国和世界飞速发展所带来的机遇做好了准备。<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Manaengine Türkiye Distribütörü
Manaengine Türkiye Distribütörü Nedir?
Manaengine Türkiye Distribütörü bir proje üzerinde çalışırken, ilgili teknik belgeleri dâhil etmek esastır. Microsoft Word, projeleri belgelemek için bir şablon içerir. Proje yönetimi bilgi gövdesi olarak bilinen kılavuz, projelerin sorunsuz çalışmasını sağlamak için kapsamlı bir kılavuzdur. Her bölüm belirli bir konuyu kapsar ve kavramları ayrıntılı olarak açıklar. Proje yönetiminde çalışan herkesin bilmesi gereken bilgilendirici bir araçtır. İyi yazılmış bir proje yönetimi bilgileri, projeleri yöneten herhangi bir şirket için paha biçilmez bir kaynak olabilir. Projelerin nasıl organize edileceğini, planlanacağını, yürütüleceğini ve kontrol edileceğini anlamak günümüzün iş dünyasında çok önemlidir. Bu nedenle herkesin sağlam proje yönetimi belgelerine erişmesi gerekir. https://www.leadpro.com.tr/manageengine/ sitesinden bu konuda en iyi hizmetleri alabilirsiniz.
Manaengine Türkiye Distribütörü Önemi Nedir?
Manaengine Türkiye Distribütörü, organizasyon yapısı, planlama, yürütme ve bir projenin her aşamasıyla ilgili tüm ayrıntılar gibi bilgileri içerir. Her bölüm, projelerin yönetilmesinin temellerini kapsar ve standart işlemler için kontrol listeleri içerir. Esasen, iyi yazılmış bir proje yönetimi bilgisi, herhangi bir şirketin daha verimli çalışmasına yardımcı olabilir. Her şirketin, kârlı kalabilmesi için projeleri etkin bir şekilde yönetmesi gerekir. Manaengine, şirket performansını izlemek ve geliştirmek için bir dizi ürün sunar. Bunlar: - performans yönetimi - insan kaynakları - kalite güvencesi - varlık yönetimi - tedarik zinciri yönetimi - ve mali yönetimdir. Yazılım, şirketlerin internet bağlantısı olan her yerden erişebilmeleri için bulut ortamında da kurulabilir. Bir proje yöneticisi, genel sistem performansını incelemek ve ilgili alanları belirlemek için Manaengine Türkiye Distribütörü raporlarını kullanabilir. Örneğin, bir e-posta sunucusu yavaşsa, e-posta kuruluşlarda yaygın bir uygulama olduğundan, bu bir sorunlu alanı gösterir. Bir şirket, BT ortamına ilişkin ManageEngine raporlarını kullanarak maliyetleri azaltabilir ve müşteri memnuniyetini artırabilir.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>آرت
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brief; abrupt: The owner was quite short with the new hire.b. Easily provoked; irascible: has a short temper.
- Inadequate; insufficient: oil in short supply; were short on experience.
- Lacking in length or amount: a board that is short two inches.
- Lacking in breadth or scope: a short view of the problem.
- Deficient in retentiveness: a short memory.
- a. Holding a trading position that is inversely related to the price of a security or index: short investors; an investor who is short gold.b. Of or relating to a short sale: a short position.
- a. Containing a large amount of shortening; flaky: a short pie crust.b. Not ductile; brittle: short iron.
- a. Linguistics Of, relating to, or being a speech sound of relatively brief duration, as the first vowel sound in the Latin word mălus, “evil,” as compared with the same or a similar sound of relatively long duration, as the first vowel sound in the Latin word m&amacron;lus, “apple tree.”b. Grammar Of, relating to, or being a vowel sound in English, such as the vowel sound (ă) in pat or (&oobrev;) in put, that is descended from a vowel of brief duration.
- Being of relatively brief duration. Used of a syllable in quantitative prosody.
- Slang Close to the end of a tour of military duty.
- Abruptly; quickly: stop short.
- In a rude or curt manner.
- At a point before a given boundary, limit, or goal: a missile that landed short of the target.
- At a disadvantage: We were caught short by the sudden storm.
- By means of a short sale: selling a commodity short.
- Something short, as:a. Linguistics A short syllable, vowel, or consonant.b. A brief film; a short subject.c. A size of clothing less long than the average for that size.d. shorts Short trousers extending to the knee or above.e. shorts Men's undershorts.
- a. A short sale.b. One that sells short.
- shorts A byproduct of wheat processing that consists of germ, bran, and coarse meal or flour.
- shorts Clippings or trimmings that remain as byproducts in various manufacturing processes, often used to make an inferior variety of the product.
- a. A short circuit.b. A malfunction caused by a short circuit.
- Baseball A shortstop.
verbshort·ed, short·ing, shorts
- To cause a short circuit in.
- Informal To give (one) less than one is entitled to; shortchange.
- To short-sell (a security or index).
Origin of shortMiddle English, from Old English sceort, scort; see sker-1 in Indo-European roots.
- A surname.
short - Computer Definition
short - Investment & Finance Definition
A synonym for sell, in contrast to long, in which a security has been purchased. It also may be used as a noun to refer to a trader who has sold financial instruments or contracts and thereby has a short (position).<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Proviamo a ricostruire i fatti dell’«affaire Djokovic».
Djokovic è atterrato a Melbourne, Tullamarine Airport, verso le 23.30 locali (le 13.30 italiane) di mercoledì 5 gennaio, dopo un volo di quindici ore da Dubai, per partecipare agli Australian Open, il primo dei quattro tornei annuali di tennis del Grande Slam, che si tiene ogni anno a Melbourne, e che Djokovic ha già vinto nove volte nella sua carriera, tra cui le ultime tre edizioni. È stato trattenuto per diverse ore all’aeroporto prima che l’Australian Border Force – l’agenzia governativa responsabile per il controllo alle frontiere, le indagini, la conformità dei requisiti di ingresso in Australia – annunciasse che la documentazione per giustificare l’esenzione dal vaccino fosse insufficiente. Le attuali regole per i cittadini stranieri che entrano in Australia dicono che devono essere vaccinati per COVID-19 o devono avere un’esenzione medica valida. L’Australian Border Force non accetta che aver contratto il COVID-19 in precedenza, anche negli ultimi sei mesi, si consideri come un’esenzione valida per non essere vaccinati. L’Australian Technical Advisory Group on Immunisation (diciamo: il Comitato tecnico-scientifico che supporta le decisioni del governo), in una nota del 14 dicembre 2021, afferma che due dosi di un vaccino «sono ancora necessarie per essere considerati completamente vaccinati».
A Novak Djokovic era stato concesso un visto intorno a novembre, e la stessa star del tennis ha fatto un post su Instagram confermando che gli era stato concesso un “permesso di esenzione” per giocare a Melbourne. Ora, è evidente che l’applicazione della normativa da parte dell’ABF va a collidere con quella di Tennis Australia, che collabora con il governo dello Stato di Victoria per la realizzazione degli Australian Open il cui tabellone principale partirà il 17 gennaio. Tennis Australia avrebbe concesso l’esenzione medica a Djokovic sulla base di una sua infezione da Covid-19 nei sei mesi precedenti, infezione della quale il mondo del tennis e dello sport non sapeva nulla. C’è stata evidentemente un’incomprensione, diciamo così, tra Tennis Australia, Governo dello Stato di Victoria e ATAGI. Il problema è che il governo federale ha comunicato a Tennis Australia per iscritto, e in più circostanze, che non avrebbe accettato questo tipo di esenzione. Però, sembra che altri atleti che hanno ottenuto l’esenzione hanno potuto superare il confine e entrare in Australia. Per questo motivo Djokovic ha presentato ricorso contro l’inevitabile, a quel punto, espulsione dal paese: gli avvocati del giocatore serbo hanno tempo fino alle 14 di sabato (le 4 del mattino in Italia) per portare prove sufficienti. Entro le ore 20 locali di domenica lo staff del ministro degli Esteri Karen Andrews sarà chiamato a fare lo stesso per giustificare la decisione di aver negato l’accesso a Novak. La corte tornerà a riunirsi lunedì 10 gennaio alle ore 10, quando mancherà una settimana al via dell’Australian Open. Intanto, il ministro Andrews ha concesso a Djokovic di restare temporaneamente in Australia, nell’hotel-quarantena (Park Hotel di Carlton), quello dei rifugiati e dei richiedenti asilo, dove si sono raggruppati alcuni suoi tifosi con bandiere serbe e cartelli.
Lunedì, forse, potremo mettere veramente la parola fine su questa incredibile storia. Che era iniziata già prima che Djokovic atterrasse a Merlbourne. Nell’aprile 2020 Djokovic dichiarò di essere “contrario alla vaccinazione”. E disse: «Non vorrei essere costretto da qualcuno a prendere un vaccino per poter viaggiare». Ma se diventa obbligatorio, cosa accadrà? – gli chiesero. E lui: «Dovrò prendere una decisione».
Quasi a rispondergli, il premier australiano Morrison aveva avvertito pochi giorni fa: «Chiunque entri in Australia deve avere i requisiti. Quando Djokovic arriverà, credo non manchi molto, dovrebbe fornire una spiegazione plausibile, se non fosse vaccinato. Aspettiamo e vediamo quali elementi fornisce. Se la documentazione fosse insufficiente, verrebbe trattato come tutti gli altri e verrebbe rimesso sul primo aereo. Non ci sono regole speciali per Novak Djokovic».
L’affaire ha assunto subito una dimensione diplomatica, tra la Serbia e l’Australia – benché il premier Morrison si sia affrettato a dichiarare che non esisteva una questione con la Serbia, con cui esistono consolidate relazioni, il presidente della Serbia, Aleksandar Vucic, ha dato subito tutta la solidarietà a Djokovic: «Ho detto al nostro Novak che tutta la Serbia è con lui. In linea con tutte le norme del diritto internazionale, la Serbia combatterà per Novak, per la verità e la giustizia». Vucic ha parlato apertamente di “caccia alle streghe”. E nelle parole del padre di Djokovic ha assunto anche una dimensione politica, parlando con i media russi: «È diventato il simbolo e il leader del mondo libero, un mondo di nazioni e persone povere e oppresse. Potranno incarcerarlo stasera, incatenarlo domani, ma Novak è lo Spartacus del nuovo mondo che non tollera l’ingiustizia, il colonialismo e l’ipocrisia».
In realtà, il “mondo libero” si è molto diviso su tutta questa storia: l’atteggiamento “sospettoso” di Djokovic sulla vaccinazione può anche trovare comprensione almeno in una quota di persone – lui peraltro, dopo l’intervento al gomito, segue da anni un rigido protocollo “naturista” –, mentre in altre che, come in Australia dove c’è un protocollo molto rigido, hanno una libertà di movimento limitata, proprio no; ma risulta invece insopportabile che possa usufruire di un corridoio privilegiato di esenzioni, solo perché ricco e famoso, e solo perché il business dell’Australian Open non può fare a meno del n. 1 del ranking mondiale del tennis, anche perché chi ama il tennis non può fare a meno di aspettare a veder giocare il n. 1 del ranking mondiale del tennis.
Non credo che Novak voglia diventare un simbolo mondiale no-vax – è una persona intelligente, attenta al business come alla simpatia sociale, e è anche generoso: a aprile 2020 aveva donato un milione di euro agli ospedali di Treviglio che erano ancora nella tempesta del contagio. Ma di fatto in questa vicenda, proprio per la sua popolarità che ne ha fatto una “chiacchiera globale”, è andata precipitando una contraddizione lacerante che il contagio e le misure per farvi fronte hanno configurato drammaticamente: da una parte le scelte individuali, dall’altra le scelte “pubbliche”, dello Stato; da una parte Djokovic – che è un campione, anzi il n. 1, una sorta di “superuomo” – e dall’altra la regola di “uno vale uno”.
Le mediazioni sono saltate, le “esenzioni” non sono più possibili, mettere a sottacere le cose, ipocritamente, non è più possibile – proprio perché Djokovic è una figura “pubblica”, enorme nella sua popolarità globale, qualcuno che può “mettersi a petto” di un governo: quanti, nel mondo, sapevano fino a ieri il nome del primo ministro australiano e quanti quello di Djokovic?
Djokovic non è un filosofo, non è un giurista, non è un esperto di media, non è un virologo, non è un epidemiologo. Le sue argomentazioni non sono in punta di diritto o di qualche dato scientifico ma di racchetta: lui corre sulla terra rossa o sull’erba. Ma non è neppure “l’uomo qualunque”; come ha detto un tennista di medio livello: «Fossi stato io, mi avrebbero già impacchettato su un aereo e rispedito a casa». D’altronde, è proprio perché è Djokovic che è scoppiato un affaire.
Djokovic versus Australia – lunedì si gioca l’ultimo set, finora ci sono state eliminatorie e quarti di finale. Un campione e uno Stato; un individuo e la cosa pubblica, il “bene pubblico”. Io non credo possano esserci dubbi, per il tempo che attraversiamo, su chi ne uscirà vincente.
Solo che, probabilmente, avremo perso tutti.
Nicotera, 7 gennaio 2022.
pubblicato su “il dubbio”, quotidiano del 8 gennaio 2022.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>بازدید از ادارات غرب، شرق و ادارات ستادی شهید دقایقی و شهید هاشمی اداره کل تعاون، کار و رفاه اجتماعی خوزستان
به گزارش دکتر برای تو، معاون توسعه مدیریت و منابع وزارت تعاون، کار و رفاه اجتماعی طی سفری دو روزه به خوزستان ضمن بازدید از ادارات شرق و غرب و ساختمان های شهید دقایقی و هاشمی اداره کل تعاون کار و رفاه اجتماعی استان، در نشست شورای معاونین و مشاورین این اداره کل حضور یافت.
به گزارش روابط عمومی اداره کل تعاون، کار و رفاه اجتماعی خوزستان، غلامرضا پناه معاون توسعه مدیریت و منابع وزارت تعاون، کار و رفاه اجتماعی به همراه ذیحساب کل وزارت متبوع و تنی چند از مدیران ستادی با همراهی ارسلان غمگین مدیرکل تعاون، کار و رفاه اجتماعی خوزستان و رئیس شورای هماهنگی مدیران کل دستگاه های حوزه وزارت متبوع از ادارات شرق و غرب و ساختمان های ستادی ادارات شهید دقائقی و شهید هاشمی بازدید کرد.
وی ضمن گفت وگوی چهره به چهره با کارمندان و مراجعه کنندگان، مسائل و کمبود تجهیزات این ادارات را ارزیابی کرد.
پناه در ادامه در جلسه شورای معاونین و مشاورین و جمعی از روسای ستادی مرتبط با حوزه مالی و اداری حضور یافت و ضمن پرسش و پاسخ در حوزه پشتیبانی و منابع انسانی گزارش عملکرد یکسال اخیر معاونین اداره کل را دریافت کرد.
لازم به ذکر است: معاون توسعه مدیریت و منابع وزارت تعاون، کار و رفاه اجتماعی در پایان جلسه از عملکرد ارسلان غمگین مدیر کل جهادی اداره کل تعاون، کار و رفاه اجتماعی خوزستان به دلیل انجام فعالیت های فوق برنامه و ارتقا رتبه این اداره کل و پیگیری و تلاش در جهت مرتفع کردن مسائل همکاران و دستگاه های حوزه وزارت تقدیر کرد.منبع: خبرگزاری آریا<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>فلورنتینو پرز قصد دارد ژابی آلونسو را جانشین آنچلوتی کند
سرمربی موفق بایرلورکوزن در لیست فلورنتینو پرز برای جانشینی آنچلوتی وجود دارد
ژابی آلونسو بایرلورکوزن را از رده هفدهم جدول به رده ششم رساند و به نیمه نهایی لیگ اروپا راه یافت. این موضوع در اسپانیا نیز بی تاثیر نمی ماند. به گزارش اشپورت بیلد، فلورنتینو پرز این سرمربی41 ساله را به عنوان سرمربی جدید رئال مادرید می بیند. برای رئیس باشگاه، آلونسو در حال حاضر "راه حل ایده آل" در تابستان امسال است، اگر رئال نیاز به تغییر سرمربی داشته باشد. کارلو آنچلوتی توسط فدراسیون فوتبال برزیل مورد نظر قرار گرفته است. علاوه بر این، صندلی او حداکثر تا نتیجه نیمه نهایی لیگ قهرمانان اروپا مقابل منچسترسیتی لرزان نیست.
آلونسو تا سال 2024 با بایرلورکوزن قرارداد دارد . به گزارش اشپورت بیلد، لورکوزن مانع از حضور وی در تیم سلطنتی نخواهد شد. با این حال، باید هزینه ای پرداخت شود. آلونسو در ماه اکتبر هدایت ورکسلف را برعهده گرفت و از آن زمان تاکنون به طور میانگین 1.87 امتیاز در هر بازی کسب کرده است. باشگاه های لیگ برتر انگلیس مانند چلسی، لیورپول و وستهام یونایتد قبلاً آلونسو را مورد توجه قرار داده اند.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>中国台湾省面积和人口是多少
台湾省的面积和人口如下：1 .中国台湾省的区域；而中国台湾省的总面积约为3.6万平方公里。
台湾省省包括台湾省岛和蓝雨、绿岛、钓鱼岛等21个附属岛屿，以及澎湖列岛的64个岛屿。
台湾省岛面积35882.6258平方公里，是中国第一大岛，7是山地丘陵区。平原主要集中在西部沿海地区，地形和海拔变化较大。
中国台湾省人口中国台湾省人口约为2350万。
台湾省70%以上的人口集中在西部五大都市圈，其中以台北为中心的台北都市圈规模最大。
延伸数据：大陆和台湾省同属一个中国，台湾省是中国领土不可分割的一部分。
中华文化是台湾省文化的主体，是中华文化的重要组成部分。原住民的南岛文化也有影响。在近代，它还融合了日本和欧美文化，呈现出多样化的特征。
台湾省概况：1。人口和民族结构在台湾省，98%的人口是来自中国大陆的汉族，大约2%是17世纪汉族迁入之前定居的台湾原住民(高山族)。
台湾省一般由台湾省人、台湾省客家文化、大陆人、台湾省原住民和高山族组成。
台湾省人是指二战结束前生活在台湾省的民族。
这个省的汉族可以分为从福建南部沿海地区迁徙过来的闽南人，占人口的70%，从广东东部地区迁徙过来的客家人，占人口的14%。
台湾原住
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大於實用性。至於讀完書之後，當事者究竟是會神清目明還是愈加昏沉，那就全看患者的造化了。套句艾倫．狄波頓（Alain de Botton）的名言：書一落到變幻無常的讀者手上，什麼藥方都不管用！
更重要的是書以外的東西，不論是作為書店的選書（師）人，抑或想要探索更多有趣事物的普通讀者。儘管書本裡暗藏的世界無窮無盡，但現實世界其實遠比我們想像的更複雜也更廣闊，而真實的人生也往往要比小說還要離奇。
年少時，總以為沒有書就無法了解人生。後來才發現，如果不能體會人生，你根本就看不懂書。<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Peygamberdevesi: Habitat ve Özellikleri
Peygamberdevesi (Phyllocrania paradoxa ), Hymenopodidae ( Mantodea takımı) familyasına ait olan ve güney Afrika’ya özgü bir böcek türüdür. Ölü veya solmuş bir yaprağı simüle ettiği olağanüstü kamuflaj yeteneği nedeniyle genellikle ölü yaprak peygamber devesi olarak adlandırılır.
Bu biyolojik adaptasyon, hayalet peygamber devesinin potansiyel yırtıcılar tarafından fark edilmemesine izin verir ve aynı zamanda av sırasında avı tarafından tespit edilmekten kaçınmasına yardımcı olur. Ayrıca bakımı kolay bir böcektir ve teraryum dünyasında popüler bir evcil hayvan haline gelmiştir. Aşağıda, ana özellikleri ve bakımı hakkında bilgi edineceksiniz.
Peygamberdevesi yaşam alanı
Peygamberdevesi, Afrika’da, özellikle Senegal’den Somali’ye kadar olan bölgede ve ayrıca Madagaskar adasında doğal olarak bulunan, dünyada benzersiz bir türdür. Tercih edilen habitatı, yaprakları ve kuru dalları taklit ettiği maki ve yarı kurak orman biyomudur.
Fiziksel özellikleri
Peygamberdevesi, yalnızca 45 ila 50 milimetre uzunluğunda (yaklaşık 2 inç) ölçülen en küçük peygamber devesi türlerinden biridir. Renkleri, çevreyi taklit etmesine ve ölü veya çürüyen bir yaprak gibi görünmesine izin veren renklerdir: vücudunun sergilediği kahverengi, yeşilimsi gri veya siyah da toprağın tipik tonlarıdır.
Bu böcek, kısa yaşam beklentisi boyunca (bir yıldan fazla olmayan) büyümek için farklı dış iskelet molleri gerçekleştirir ve gelişme hızı, tükettiği gıda miktarına ve metabolizmasına bağlıdır. İlginç bir şekilde, mantislerin renklerinin maruz kaldığı nem seviyesine göre değiştiği ve şu şekilde sınıflandırılabileceği gözlemlenmiştir:
- Yeşil: Nem %80’in üzerinde.
- Açık kahverengi: Nem yaklaşık %70.
- Koyu kahverengi: Nem %40 ile %50 arasında.
- Siyah : Nem %30’dan az.
Uzatılmış ve düzleştirilmiş bir protoraks ile uzun bir kafaya sahiptir. Ayrıca uçlarında kamuflajını kolaylaştıran çıkıntılar vardır. Ayrıca kurumuş bir yaprağa benzeyen bir sırt omurgasına sahiptir ve kanatlarının kıvrımları aslında pigment gölgeleridir.
Yaprak döküntüsü ile mükemmel uyum sağlama yeteneği ve geçici hareketsizliği, çevreye benzeyen böcekleri görmezden gelme eğiliminde olan kuşlar gibi avcılar tarafından fark edilmemesine yardımcı olur. İlginç bir şekilde, hayalet peygamber devesi tehdit altında hissettiğinde thanatoz (ölü rolü yapma) da uygular.
Bunların hiçbiri işe yaramazsa, peygamber devesi arka kanatları sayesinde uçabilir.
Peygamberdevesi beslenmesi
Bu böcek kesinlikle etoburdur ve sinek veya güve gibi uçan avları tercih eder. Bununla birlikte, esaret altında, uygun büyüklükteki hamamböceklerini de kabul etmesine rağmen, küçük solucanlar ve cırcır böcekleri ile beslenebilir.
Çeşitli bir diyet sağlandığında, hayalet peygamber devesi daha sağlıklı olacaktır. Yavrular meyve sinekleri ile beslenebilir, ancak biraz büyüdüklerinde avlarının boyutu büyütülmelidir.
Peygamberdevesinin çoğaltılması
Bu böceğin üremesi, son tüy dökümünden 2 ila 4 hafta sonra gerçekleşir. Çiftleşmek için erkek, dişinin üzerine çıkar ve birkaç saatlik çiftleşmeden sonra dişiyi kendi içinde döller. 3 hafta sonra dişi, dallar veya duvarlar (teraryum veya doğal ortamın) üzerinde 5 ila 6 kahverengi oothecae (köpüklü yumurta kesesi) biriktirir.
Peygamberdevesi perileri 6 haftalık inkübasyondan sonra yumurtadan çıkar ve genellikle her ootekadan 10 ila 30 perisi çıkar. Kuluçka sırasında koyu renkli olabilirler, ancak birkaç gün veya hafta sonra neme bağlı olarak zamanla değişebilen parlak siyah bir renk alırlar (yukarıda açıklandığı gibi).
Esaret altında bakımı
Bir Afrika türü olan peygamberdevesi yüksek sıcaklıkları iyi tolere eder. Bununla birlikte, teraryumu için önerilen standart 30 santigrat dereceden yüksek ve 18 santigrat dereceden düşük olmamasına rağmen (sırasıyla 86 ve 64 derece Fahrenhayt) düşük sıcaklıkları da tolere edebilir.
Esaret altındaki teraryum nemi yetişkinler için %60-70 olmalıdır. Ancak bu böcek türünün nimfleri tüy dökmelerini kolaylaştırmak için daha yüksek seviyelere ihtiyaç duyar, bu nedenle olası ölümleri veya deformasyonları önlemek için %70-80 arasında bir nem önerilir.
Düşük nem, peygamberdevesinin eski dış iskeletinden ayrılamayacağı ve bazı uzuvlarını kaybettiği anlamına geldiğinden, bu özellik hayvanın tüy dökmesi için gereklidir. Aksine, çok yüksek bir nem (%90’dan fazla), derisini döktükten sonra yeni dış iskeletini sertleştirememesine ve gelecekte sağlık sorunlarına yol açmasına neden olacaktır.
Genellikle bir dişi ve bir erkek olması tavsiye edilir, her biri 35 cm yüksekliğinde, 20 cm genişliğinde ve 20 cm derinliğinde (16 x 8 x 8 inç) bir teraryumda bulunur. Bu canlılar söz konusu olduğunda, yamyamlık seviyesi çok yüksek olmadığı için biraz büyüyene kadar aynı kurulumda bir arada tutulabilirler.
Alanın dekorasyonu dallar, kuru bitkiler veya yarı kurak orman biyomunu simüle eden herhangi bir nesne gibi unsurlar gerektirir. Aydınlatmaya gelince, bu türün büyük gereksinimleri yoktur ve yakındaki bir pencereden gelen ışık fazlasıyla yeterlidir.
Mantidlerin gelişmek için çok fazla havalandırmaya ihtiyacı vardır. Teraryum kapağının delikli veya tel örgülü olduğundan emin olun.
Gördüğünüz gibi, peygamberdevesi, hayatta kalmak için kamuflajını iyi kullanan bir böcektir. Sıcaklık, nem ve aydınlatma, zamanla büyümelerini belirleyeceğinden, beslenmeleri kadar tutsaklıktaki bakımları için de önemli unsurlardır. İlginizi çekebilir ...
Tüm alıntı yapılan kaynaklar, kalitelerini, güvenilirliklerini, güncelliklerini ve geçerliliklerini sağlamak için ekibimiz tarafından derinlemesine incelendi. Bu makalenin bibliyografisi güvenilir ve akademik veya bilimsel doğruluğa sahip olarak kabul edildi.
- Oufiero, C. E., Nguyen, T., Sragner, A., & Ellis, A. (2016). Patterns of variation in feeding strike kinematics of juvenile ghost praying mantis (Phyllocrania paradoxa): are components of the strike stereotypic?. Journal of Experimental Biology, 219(17), 2733-2742. Recogido el 9 de noviembre de 2021 de: https://journals.biologists.com/jeb/article/219/17/2733/15387/Patterns-of-variation-in-feeding-strike-kinematics
- Fernández, M. D. Sobre las ootecas de los mántidos (Insecta, Mantodea) de Castilla-La Mancha (España). Recogido el 11 de noviembre de 2021 de: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Miguel-Domenech-Fernandez/publication/344072137_Sobre_las_ootecas_de_los_mantidos_Insecta_Mantodea_de_Castilla-La_Mancha_Espana_About_the_oothecae_of_the_mantids_Insecta_Mantodea_of_Castilla-La_Mancha_Spain/links/5f50dcb992851c250b8c7ccd/Sobre-las-ootecas-de-los-mantidos-Insecta-Mantodea-de-Castilla-La-Mancha-Espana-About-the-oothecae-of-the-mantids-Insecta-Mantodea-of-Castilla-La-Mancha-Spain.pdf<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Comunque... Non č solo una tua impressione. Io l'ho notato su me stesso e nel mio caso č diventato un intercalare bell'e buono. Non so darti risposte in merito. Per quanto mi riguarda sto cercando di lavorare su me stesso per ovviare a questa fastidiosa abitudine.
Autore : ones - Email : [email protected] Inviato il : 17/06/2004 alle 19.47.50<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Dünyanın en yaşlı insanı öldü
Bir yakını, Maria de Jesus'un hastaneye kaldırılırken ambulansta öldüğünü söyledi.
Yaşlılık Bilimi Araştırma Grubunun internet sitesine (www.grg.org) göre, Maria de Jesus, ABD vatandaşı Edna Parker adlı kadının geçen Kasımda 115 yıl ve 220 günlük ömrünün sona ermesinden bu yana, dünyanın en yaşlı kişisiydi.
10 Eylül 1893 tarihinde doğan Maria de Jesus, 115 yıl ve 114 gün yaşadı.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>更多精彩尽在这里，详情点击：http://bdgdxs.com/，皇家马德里
巴萨官方宣布，经过今天董事会在诺坎普办公室的会议后，俱乐部决定将在10月16日和17日的周末举行会员大会，而这一天球队同时会坐镇诺坎普迎战瓦伦西亚。
1）通过了2020-21赛季的财政决算，具体为亏损4.81亿欧，并通过了2021-22赛季的预算，具体为7.65亿欧；
4）将在接下来的会员大会上提出动议，更改数条章程，其中就包括会员申请增加线上申请的形式，以及缩短董事会任期至五年。而这些更改的内容将在会员大会前20天对会员进行公布。返回搜狐，查看更多<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>این الگو در حوزهٔ فعالیتهای ویکیپروژهٔ فلسطین است، کوششی جمعی برای بهبود محتواهای مرتبط با فلسطین در ویکیپدیا. اگر مایل به مشارکت در این زمینه هستید، لطفاً صفحهٔ ویکیپروژه را ببینید تا به بحثها بپیوندید و فهرستی از انجامدادنیها را ببینید.
ظاهر نسخهٔ فعلی الگو (که از ویکی انگلیسی کپی شده) چیزی در حد مزخرف است. Navbox with columns کاربردش اصلاً چیز دیگریاست. منتها شاید بگویید بخش «مناقشات / خشونتها / تروریسم» طولانی است و اگر ستونی فهرست نشود ناجور میشود، که در آن صورت بنده هم میگویم حرف شما درست است؛ منتها نه اینکه این طور همهٔ بخشها را ستونی بکنید. باید فقط همان بخشی که طولانیاست ستونی شود. چنین الگویی اینجا ایجاد شد. لطفاً ببینید تا اگر مشکلی ندارد جایگزین کنیم. –Z[ب] ۵ نوامبر ۲۰۱۰، ساعت ۱۶:۳۹ (UTC)<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>A puppy learns by the consequences of his behavior. He is interested in what is in it for him. In order for us to get reliable behavior from the dog, we need to go through a series of steps in our training. For the sake of explanation, let’s review teaching the puppy to sit.
A puppy naturally knows how to sit. We want to teach the pup to sit whenever we ask, in any situation. We will go through this one step at a time. These steps are adaptable to anything that you want to teach your dog. We will also talk about the use of food as reward in combination with teaching the pup to sit when we ask.
At any point during the training process, if you see things begin to deteriorate, backtrack and set your puppy up to succeed.
Lure the pup into the sit position. As we talk about in the Obedience section, it is not necessary to use the word sit in the beginning, since the pup has no idea what the word actually means. We just want to be able to smoothly get that pup following the hand with the payola so he plunks down into a sit.
Once you are easily able to lure the pup into a sit you may insert the word “sit” as you lure the position. The pup immediately receives a treat (the pay) as his butt hits the ground.
After a series of repetitions, your puppy will associate the sound of the word sit with the position that you have been luring him into and paying him for. It is important that the pup is treated and praised each time he is successful at this stage in the training. This builds a solid association between the behavior and the pay off. As well as associating the sound of the word, he is also familiar with the hand movement you make in order to lure him into position.
As mentioned before, as important as it is to use food in early training, it is equally important that you phase out the food as a lure, eventually using it only as a reward. We will begin to do this in step three. Once the puppy is sitting every time you lure with the food, start to lure him the same way but with no food in your hand. The pup will recognize the hand movement (that previously held food) and will sit. With that, reach into your treat pouch and reward the pup with some food.
Now start to mix things up. Lure with your empty hand (no treat) and reward the pup with a treat from the pouch. Lure the pup and don’t reward. Ask the pup to sit without the hand signal. Continue testing to see if he knows what you want when he hears the word sit. The goal is to not need the lure.
Before we go any further, let’s look at the environment that we will work in. By that we mean where you do the work and the amount of distractions that are present. It is important that we start this work in an area that the puppy is comfortable and familiar with, an area with minimal to no distractions. It is equally important that as we progress with our training, we change the environment and the level of distractions.
Whatever you are working on — whether sit, down, stand, or come — you can use the same formula to work with treats. This chart helps you track the sequence your training should take and helps you phase out the treats when the time is right. As you reach each level, check off your progress. Print out this page and then use it for each behavior you are working on.
My Puppy and I are working on: ____________________________________________________________________________
|Treat every correct response||Become unpredictable in treating correct response||Phase out treats|
|Practice in the house with no distractions||1||2||3|
|Practice in the house with distractions||4||5||6|
|Practice in the yard||7||8||9|
|Practice out in public||10||11||12|<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>過去有許多研究定義出許多造成運動傷害的風險因子，然而大多數都無法改變 (例如：年齡、性別、傷害史、運動項目與運動層級) 。訓練負荷 (training load) 的定義為：「在一段時間內，單次與多次訓練對於個體所累積的身體壓力 (stress) 。」，是可被調整的。為了探討訓練負荷與傷害發生風險之間的關係，此篇統系統性回顧文章收錄了針對該主題所進行的研究，期望對於傷害預防提供實用的觀點。
Drew等 (2016) 與Jones等 (2017) 對於運動員訓練負荷與肌肉骨骼傷害風險的相關性提供了中等程度證據 (moderate evidence) 的支持。然而，過去研究在訓練量的定義上仍缺乏一致性。因此，相較於過往，本文收錄了較新穎的研究也採用國際奧會 (International Olympic Committee, IOC) 針對訓練量的所提出的定義聲明，並收錄了軍人、消防員或急救人員等相似於運動員的研究資料進行分析。IOC定義訓練負荷量的方式有下列幾種：
(1) 外部訓練負荷量 (external training load, ETL) : 施加於運動員的所有外部刺激，與運動員的內部特徵無關。例如：距離、加速度、參與比賽或傳接球等。
(2) 內部訓練負荷量 (internal training load, ITL) : 量化運動員受到外部刺激的反應，包含生理數值或自覺努力程度。例如：心跳率
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be transferred through space in the shortest possible time with the help of lasers. However, subsequent transfer to a ground station will be handled via microwave transmission. In contrast to lasers, microwaves are hardly disturbed by Earth’s atmosphere and make possible smooth reception of data independent of weather conditions. The newly installed antenna uses the Ka-band at a frequency of 26 gigahertz.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>In 2004, Clifford Bailey of the Diabetes Group from Aston University in Birmingham, United Kingdom described metformin, the most widely prescribed drug for treating diabetes, as ironic: In our high-tech era of drug discovery and development this first-line treatment for type 2 diabetes is little removed from an herbal remedy of the Middle Ages. Despite its chemical simplicity and detailed investigation, metformin continues to evade a complete exposé of its cellular activity (Pract Diab Int April 2004 Vol.21 No. 3)
Now, almost a decade later, a team led by Morris Birnbaum, M.D., Ph.D. from the Institute for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, is getting closer to a clear picture of how this drug works, which, in addition to its widespread use for diabetes, is being tested for treating dementia and cancer.
The Birnbaum lab and colleagues found that metformin works in a different way than previously understood. They found that in mice it suppresses the liver hormone glucagon’s ability to generate an important signaling molecule, which points to new drug targets.
For fifty years, one of the few classes of therapeutics effective in reducing the overactive glucose production associated with diabetes has been the biguanides, which includes metformin. The inability of insulin to keep liver glucose output in check is a major factor in the high blood sugar of type 2 diabetes and other diseases of insulin resistance.
“Overall, metformin lowers blood glucose by decreasing liver production of glucose,” says Birnbaum. “But we didn’t really know how the drug accomplished that.”
Birnbaum’s Nature study describes a novel mechanism by which metformin antagonizes the action of glucagon, thus reducing fasting glucose levels. The team showed that metformin leads to the accumulation of the protein AMP in mice, which inhibits an enzyme called adenylate cyclase, thereby reducing levels of key enzymes and eventually blocking glucagon-dependent glucose output from liver cells. Insulin Resistance in the Brain
In the spring of 2012, another Penn team led by geriatric psychiatrists Steve Arnold, M.D. and Konrad Talbot, Ph.D., described the first direct demonstration that insulin resistance occurs in the brains of people with Alzheimer's disease.
Insulin resistance in the brain precedes and contributes to cognitive decline above and beyond other known causes of Alzheimer's disease. Insulin is also important to the health of brain cells. The team identified extensive abnormalities in the activity of two major signaling pathways for insulin and insulin-like growth factor in non-diabetic people with Alzheimer's disease.
In preliminary trials, metformin has been shown to stimulate the development of new nerve cells in the areas of the brain responsible for learning and memory. A new Phase 2 clinical trial being conducted at Penn will investigate the safety, tolerability, and cognitive effects of the drug on non-diabetic individuals with mild cognitive impairment and early Alzheimer’s disease. The trial will also examine the drug’s impact on biomarkers of Alzheimer’s.
Metformin and Cancer
Five years ago, Penn researchers found that metformin kills tumor cells that lack the p53 gene, and more than half of all human cancers have lost the p53 gene, so the cells have no ability to put the brakes on their cancerous growth. Metformin activates AMP-related pathways, which exert changes on cellular metabolism by affecting p53 function. Observational studies at the time had already shown that diabetic patients who take metformin have a lower rate of cancer diagnosis and mortality than other diabetics.
The researchers found that metformin instructs cells to switch metabolic pathways. Instead of using the most energy efficient pathway – called oxidative phosphorylation – the cells are forced to use stress-related ones, which are typically used when the cell is short on oxygen, glucose or other nutrient sources. But in the absence of p53, the cells can’t make the switch.
Birnbaum mentions that he has been conferring with cancer researchers about exploring the relationship between metformin and how it affects cancer cells. He says that his lab’s work re-emphasizes that metformin has the ability to work independent of AMPK, something not generally considered by investigators looking for direct effects of metformin on tumors.
Metformin seems to have come full circle from a home remedy in the European medieval apothecary called goat’s rue to now being investigated for a host of modern chronic conditions. Miller, R., Chu, Q., Xie, J., Foretz, M., Viollet, B., & Birnbaum, M. (2013). Biguanides suppress hepatic glucagon signalling by decreasing production of cyclic AMP Nature DOI: 10.1038/nature11808<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>پوتین معتقد است حمله آمریکا به سوریه نقض آشکار قوانین بین المللی است/ سوریه هیچ سلاح شیمیایی در اختیار نداردReviewed by on Apr 7Rating: به گزارش ایران ویج به نقل از شبکه اطلاع رسانی راه دانا؛ به نقل از هرمز؛ دیمیتری بیسکوف، مشاور رسانه ای رئیس جمهور روسیه اعلام کرد که ولادمیر پوتین حمله امریکا…
به گزارش ایران ویج به نقل از شبکه اطلاع رسانی راه دانا؛ به نقل از هرمز؛ دیمیتری بیسکوف، مشاور رسانه ای رئیس جمهور روسیه اعلام کرد که ولادمیر پوتین حمله امریکا به سوریه را تجاوز به حاکمیت یک کشور مستقل می داند.
وی افزود: پوتین معتقد است حمله آمریکا نقض آشکار قوانین بین المللی به بهانه های واهی است.
بیسکوف در مصاحبه رسانه ای تاکید کرد: سوریه هیچ سلاح شیمیایی در اختیار ندارد.
وی خاطرنشان کرد: همه ی ذخایر سلاح های شیمیایی موجود در سوریه پیش از این نابود شده است و این امر به تایید سازمان منع اشاعه سلاح های شیمیایی رسیده است.
مشاور رسانه ای پوتین اظهار داشت : پوتین معتقد است، نادیده گرفتن استفاده تروریست ها از سلاح شیمیایی اوضاع سوریه را پیچیده تر می کند.
بیسکوف ادامه داد:این اقدام واشنگتن به روابط روسیه و آمریکا به شدت آسیب می زند.
بیسکوف به نقل از پوتین گفت: اقدام آمریکا به هدف نهایی در مبارزه با تروریسم بین المللی کمکی نمی کند بلکه مانع از ایجاد یک ائتلاف بین المللی برای مبارزه با تروریسم است.
منبع: اسپوتنیک<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Bangladeş’teki Arakanlı Çocuklara Eğitim Umudu
Bangladeş’e göç etmek zorunda kalan Arakanlı çocuklar, Birleşmiş Milletler Çocuklara Yardım Fonu’nun (UNICEF) eğitim projesiyle içler acısı durumlarını biraz olsun unuttu.
Myanmar ordusu ve Budist çetelerin Arakan’da sivillere yönelik saldırılarından sağ sağlim kurtulup Bangladeş’e ulaşmayı başaran çocukların yüzleri şu sıralar gülmeye başladı.
Bir çocuğun asla görmemesi gereken bir vahşete tanıklık ederek ülkelerini terk etmek zorunda kalan Arakanlı çocuklar, Birleşmiş Milletler Çocuklara Yardım Fonu’nun (UNICEF) eğitim projesiyle içler acısı durumlarını biraz olsun unuttu.
Euro News’ta yer alan habere göre, her hafta yaklaşık 12 bin Arakanlı çocuğun Bangladeş’e göç etmek zorunda kaldığını belirten UNICEF yetkilileri, çocukların en temel hakkı olan eğitim hakkını onlara geri vermeye çalıştıklarını söylüyor:
“Bir çocuğun eğitim alması kadar önemli bir şey yok. Kamplarda yaşayan çocukların başka yapacak hiçbir şeyi yok. Biz onlara eğitim vererek en azından geleceklerinde iletişim kurabilme yeteneklerini geliştirmeye, bir iş bulabilme fırsatı yaratmaya çalışıyoruz. Eğitim ayrıca onların umut etmesini de sağlıyor.”
Birleşmiş Milletler (BM) ayrıca geçtiğimiz günlerde Arakanlı Müslümanların temel insani ihtiyaçlarının karşılanması için 434 milyon dolarlık acil fona ihtiyaç duyulduğunu açıklamıştı.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>سخنگوی ستاد بودجه ۱۴۰۰ با بیان اینکه بازپرداخت تسهیلات صندوق توسعه ملی از سال ۱۴۰۱ شروع میشود گفت: مصارف بند ه تبصره ۴ لایحه بودجه برجای خود برقرار است اما باید برای آن منابع جدیدی دیده شود.
به گزارش اقتصادآنلاین به نقل از مهر، مژگان خانلو درباره نامه رهبر انقلاب درباره بودجه ۱۴۰۰، گفت: درباره پس گرفتن یا پس نگرفتن لایحه از طرف دولت نظری ندارم چون این موضوع در حیطه اختیارات سازمان برنامه و بودجه نیست ممکن است مجلس کلیات را رد کند و دولت این اصلاحات را لحاظ کند این احتمال نیز وجود دارد که اصلاحات در مجلس صورت بگیرد و کلیات نیز تأیید شود.
وی درباره بازپرداخت تسهیلات صندوق توسعه ملی، گفت: تسهیلات صندوق توسعه ملی که مربوط به بازپرداخت در سال ۹۹ و ۱۴۰۰ میشدند دو سال امهال شدند بنابراین در بودجه ۱۴۰۰ مبلغ قابل توجهی برای بازپرداخت وجود ندارد تنها حدود ۱۰۰ میلیارد تومان برای بازپرداخت تعهدات صندوق افزایش سرمایه صندوق ضمانت صادرات است که این رقم در بودجه دیده شده است
خانلو درباره دستور رهبر انقلاب پیرامون عدم برداشت از صندوق توسعه برای مصارف تبصره ۴ لایحه بودجه ۱۴۰۰ گفت: مصارف این تبصره وجود دارد و باید برای آن منابع جدیدی دیده شود.
وی خاطر نشان کرد: موارد ذکر شده در این نامه باید در دولت مطرح و آثار هزینهای و درآمدی آن بررسی شده و تصمیم گیری شود.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Çevirmen: Fantastica
Editör : Fantastica
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Haven ellerimi bir arada tuttu ve alnını onlara bastırdı. Başını aşağı eğdi ve derin bir nefes aldı.
Nefes darlığına bile sebep olduğuna göre mide hastalığı ne kadar şiddetli. Belki de zehirdi ve mide problemi değildi.
“Haven, İmparatorluk hekimini hemen görsen iyi olur.”
“Hastalığımı tedavi edemezler Majesteleri.”
Başını indirdiği için yüzünü göremiyordum ama bastırılmış sesini duyduktan sonra göğsüm sertleşti. Böyle zayıf şeyler söyleyecek türden biri değildi.
Edwin, ben 28 yaşında ölene kadar Haven’la kaldığını söyledi. Vatana ihanete hazırlanması sağlığının iyi olduğu anlamına geliyordu.
Saraya geldiğinde mi hastalandı ?
“Haven. Başını kaldır. Hmm?”
Haven yavaşça başını kaldırdı. Yüzündeki hüzünlü ifade kalbimi bıçakladı.
Hala Kuzeydeyken sağlıklı olan bir adam o aniden hastalandı, gerçekten bu İmparatorluk Sarayına geldiği için miydi?
Bunca zamandır onu çok mu zorluyordum?
“Majesteleri…”
“Evet, ben İmparatorum, Haven. Senin için yapamayacağım hiçbir şey yok. Merak etme. İyileşmeni sağlayacağım. Şimdi hekimlerle buluşalım.”
“Ne tür bir hastalığım olduğunu bile bilmezler.”
“O zaman, kıtadaki en iyi doktoru size getireceğim. Haven, bana hastalığın adını söyleyebilir misin? Tamam ?”
Sağ elimi onun kolundan ayırdım ve Haven’ın yanağını okşadım. Onu gözleri kapalı ve yanağı elimde görmek acınası bir durumdu.
“İsmi…”
“…Bu ne?”
Onun kısık sesini dinlemek için yaklaşırken Haven başını eğdi ve dudaklarını kulağıma yaklaştırdı. Alçak bir ses kulağımı gıdıkladı ve Haven’ın sağ yanağını gerdim.
“Az önce kıskançlık mı dedin, Haven?”
“Eyek,Majewwtleri.”(Evet, Majesteleri.)
“Hastalığın adı kıskançlık mı?”
“Eyek.” (Evet.)
Bu koca serseri. Seni *r*p- …
Yanağını elimden geldiğince sert bir şekilde çimdikledim ve bu daha da şaşırtıcıydı çünkü gözünü kırpmadan ciddi yüzünü korudu.
Çok fazla etkisi olmadığından yanağını bıraktım ve sert bir yüz ifadesi takınırken kaşlarımı çattım.
Bazı konularda şaka yapamayacağınız şeyler vardır. Gerçekten hasta olduğunu sanıyordum.
“Gerçekten endişelendim ama sen hasta gibi mi davranıyordun?”
“Sadece numara yaptığımı söylersen hayal kırıklığına uğrarım. Kalbimin ne kadar acıdığını bilmiyorsun. “
Ah, kalp.
Edwin’in çatalı kalbine işaret etmişti. Onlar kesinlikle duygusal olan bir serseri grubuydu.
“Neden kıskanıyorsun?”
“Riverden ile evlenmeyi düşünüyordun.”
“O güneşli prensle evlenmeyi mi düşünüyorum? Haven, ciddi misin?”
“Majesteleri Grypton İmparatoru ile evlenmeyi ciddi olarak düşündü.”
“Bunu düşündüm çünkü savaş onun aracılığıyla önlenebilirdi. Ama o güneşli çocukla evlensem de evlenmesem de ittifak kurulacaktır. Neden bunun için endişeleniyorsun?”
Haven biraz şaşırmış görünüyordu sonra biraz haksız hissettiği bir ifade takındı ve bundan sonra biraz utanmış ve daha çok rahatlamış bir yüzle küçük bir sesle mırıldandı.
“Bunu düşündüğünü sanıyordum çünkü hayır demedin.”
“Bunu söylemesem bile açık olduğunu düşündüm. Seninle evleneceğimi söyledim ama sanırım gözlerinde sadakatsiz bir nişanlıyım.”
“Hayır. Majesteleri güvenilir olmadığı için değil çok fazla eksik olduğum için endişelenmeye başladım, yalnız kalacağım. Üzgünüm.”
“Bugün garip şeyler söyleyip duruyorsun. Haven neren eksik ? Sen mükemmelsin.”
İşinde iyiydi, dinlemede iyiydi, konuşmada iyiydi, yakışıklıydı, güzel bir sesi vardı ayrıca aynı zamanda tutumlu ve temizdu. Elleri ve dudakları sıcaktı ve gülümseyen yüzü göz kamaştırıcıydı.
Ayrıca, Seven Hills’in en acımasız kısmı olan Kuzey’in kendi başına iyi çalışması da onun sayesinde oldu. Ama o bunun yeterli olmadığını hissetti.
Bu derin yanlış anlaşılmayı nasıl çözeceğimi bilmiyorum.
… Benim hatam mıydı?
Eğer ona daha fazla güven verseydim, Haven bu yanlış anlaşılmayı yapamazdı. Kalbine girip çıkmak neden bu kadar zor?(Ç/N: Girmesi kişinin zihnini nasıl okuyacağıdır ve çıkması bir kişinin nasıl anlayacağıdır.)
İnsanların duygularının sayılarla organize edilmesi ve belgelerde gösterilmesi güzel olurdu. O zaman bu ifadenin arkasındaki tüm anlamları bileceğim.
Haven kaşlarını gerdi ve aynı zamanda ağzının köşelerini kaldırdı.
Gözlerine baktığımda gözlerimdeki yaşların yandığını hissettim ve ağzına baktığımda gülümsüyormuş gibi hissettim.
Mutlu muyum yoksa üzgün müyüm bilmiyorum. Ne söyleyeceğimi bile bilmiyorum.
Zor sözler söylemek yerine elimi uzattım. Haven’in dokunuşumu asla reddetmeyen sıcak elleri ellerimi bir arada tuttu.
“Mükemmel olan sensin.”
“Ne mükemmel. Tek yeteneğim, ara vermeden 200 sayfalık belgeleri okumak. Senin yanında ne kadar sakar ve baştan savma olduğumu daha iyi biliyorsun.”
“Her seferinde ruhuna şaşırdım, ama onsuz bile, inanılmaz bir insansın.”
Ayrıca Haven duyması hoş olan şeyleri söyleme becerisine de sahipti. Elbette sıkıcı bir insan olduğumu biliyorum. Yine de, Haven’in sözleri beni iyi hissettirdi.
Kendime gerçekten harika bir insan olmak ve onu daha çok şaşırtmak istediğimi söyledim.
Düşüncelerim komikti bu yüzden sessizce güldüm.
“Sana saygı duyuyorum, senden hoşlanıyorum ve seni seviyorum. Keşke kalbimi görebilseydin, şimdi onu çıkaracağım ve sana göstereceğim. “
Haven, sanki sözlerine güldüğümü düşünüyormuş gibi kederli bir bakışla bunları söyledi. Dudaklarını elimin arkasına koydu ve ben de sıcaklığını beğendiğimi gülümseyerek sordum.
“Benden bu kadar hoşlanıyorsun ve başka biriyle evlenmemi mi izleyecektin?”
“Savaşı mümkün olduğunca çabuk bitirmeyi ve kimsenin haberi olmadan Riverden Prensi’ni öldürmeyi planlıyordum. Eğer bunu bir kaza olarak gizlersek Riverden bunu kabul etmekten başka çaresi kalmayacaktır.”
Haven’ın gözleri parladı. Hayır, bu delilikti.
Dememesi gereken sözleri derken gözleri parladı.
“Onunla evlenmememi söylemek yerine neden böyle bir plan yapmak zorunda kaldın?”
“Majesteleri, kiminle evlenmek istediğinize karar verebilecek tek kişidir…”
Bu sefer gözlerini yavaşça indirdi.
Bir müttefik prensine suikastı bir kaza olarak sahneleyebilir ama bana fikrini söyleyemez mi? Ne yapılabileceğine ve yapamayacağına dair standardı neydi?
Ben zaten onun yapılamayacak şeyleri yapmasına alışkınım ama Haven için önümde söylemek istediği kelimeleri yutması doğru değildi.
“Neden yapamıyorsun? Seni başkasıyla evlenmekten alıkoymak için kuzeye bile gittim.”
“O zamanlar biraz farklı görünüyor.”
“Ne farkı var? İstediğin her şeyi söyle
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ki Noldor elfleri Melkor'u takip ederek Orta Dünya'ya geldi ve Dagor Nuin Giliath (Yıldızların ışığı altında ki savaş)'da Feanor, Balrogların lideri Gothmog tarafından katledildi.
Orta Dünya'nın sonunu getiren Dagor Dagorath'da Féanor tekrar hayat buldu bu sefer Silmarilleri kendi isteğiyle Yavanna'ya verdi ve Birinci şarkı sona erdi, İkinci şarkı başladı.
KaynakçaDüzenle
|Orta Dünya ile ilgili bu madde taslak seviyesindedir. Madde içeriğini genişleterek Vikipedi'ye katkı sağlayabilirsiniz.|<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>When you think of coral reefs, you probably picture scuba divers gliding through warm, crystal-clear waters. And for the most part, you'd be right: more than 90 percent of the world's coral reefs are located in the tropics.
Now researchers in Japan have found what is — so far — the world's northernmost coral reef. Located off the coast of Tsushima Island at 34 degrees north latitude, the newly discovered reef is far different from other coral reefs and is 217 miles (350 kilometers) north of most others in the region.
"Coral reefs have been believed to develop under warm-water settings — at least 18 degrees Celsius [64 degrees Fahrenheit] in winter. This setting is 13 degrees Celsius in winter [55 degrees Fahrenheit], which is unbelievably low," Hiroya Yamano, a researcher at Japan's National Institute for Environmental Studies, told OurAmazingPlanet. "The species, and thus seascape, is completely different from normal reefs."
A team led by Yamano found a similar reef off the coast of Japan's Iki Island in 2001, and until now, that reef was the planet's northernmost. The newfound Tsushima Island reef is 43 miles (70 km) north of the Iki Island reef. [Images: Dazzling World of Coral, Unveiled]
Yamano's team tracked down this reef after poring over old manuscripts and interviewing local residents. Their sleuthing paid off, and they eventually found the 4,300-year old reef in one of Tsushima's murky inner bays.
"The water in this bay is basically turbid" — cloudy with lots of suspended particles — "and water temperatures are low, especially in winter," Yamano said.
Both of those qualities make life difficult for most corals. But this reef is composed of a genus of corals called Favia, a massive brown coral type. Most reefs are made up of corals from the genus Acropora, which can be a variety of colors and grow in branching or platelike polyps. Favia species tend to tolerate cold, turbid waters better than Acropora do, Yamano said.
So why did this reef start building itself in such an unfriendly environment? The team isn't sure, but Yamano thinks the Tsushima Warm Current, a stream of warm water flowing along the northwestern coast of Japan, probably helped transport coral larvae northward into the turbid inner bays of Iki and Tsushima islands. Yamano thinks there may be many more undiscovered reefs in similar settings throughout the region.
Changing species, changing climate?
Reefs like this one might help researchers measure ecosystem changes in warming oceans.
Although the Tsushima and Iki reefs both formed in very cold waters and predominantly house Favia coral species, Acropora corals have begun settling near the reefs over the last 20 years. Comparing coral species in older parts of the reef to newly arrived corals might help scientists determine how climate change and warming waters are affecting these reef ecosystems, Yamano said.
His team's findings were published online July 12 in the journal Geology.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>2021-06-02 21:23:55
2487849
叶福炎/回到历史的起点
马华读立国
今年4月，黄锦树再次推出自己的短篇小说集《大象死去的河边》。作者自陈，这部小说集是自己10年以来马共书写的收尾之作。而且，小说冠以颇具诗意的名字“大象死去的河边”，其意指的是位于霹雳州的华人新村，实兆远。熟悉马共历史的人，自然是不会对这个地方感到陌生。它即是陈平的出生地。至于作者为何如此地安排？或许，可以从〈大象死去的河边〉这一篇小说知晓一二。
〈大象死去的河边〉叙述的是一段寻找父亲的故事。小时候，伊尼的父亲在某一次接触俄罗斯马戏团以后，不仅遭到警方拘押，甚至有点精神异常。最后，父亲也渐渐地消失在她的世界里。在伊尼长大后的某一天，她在处理图书工作的时候，收到一部革命历史的书籍《老虎革命溃败后的山老鼠革命》。她终于明白了父亲的去向，也解惑了失踪之谜。可是，她释然流下的泪水却不小心消解了这一部仅存的历史。所以，故事需要重述、需要重新开始。
〈迟到的青年〉中的“我”最后即是被召唤到“大象死去的河边”，最终被关进自己一直拎着的皮箱。皮箱作为一个符号，象征着一个时间化的空间，也就是回到那个最后可能改变华人命运的时刻。“马共对我而言是文学的实验场域，甚至可能让我抵达写作本身”。换句话说，《大象死去的河边》是小说家对陈平《我方的历史》一书的拟仿，借由小说与写作回到历史的起点。
〈再会，福尔摩莎〉置换了国民党和中国共产党的角色，重写了自1949以后两岸的历史发展，而小说家于间中安插了一个来台年数的南洋少年，嫁接了马来西亚华人的历史，也揭示了南洋华人是处在一个被主导的处境。接着，下一篇的〈似乎是〉即撰写了南洋少年的“我”最终踏上“返乡”之路的结局。食人生番即是一种隐喻。
其他篇章，如〈山榴梿〉和〈建国那回事〉都可见小说家对于马共书写的思考，以及撰写了马共历史的其他不同的可能性。行文中不乏戏谑字句。有些读者读来难免会有不悦的地方，而这或许正是小说家的目的。小说总不会只是叙述一个小镇故事，而是它能够带领我们作出更进一步思想的激荡。
如果说，这是一部小说家对于南洋华人命运的思考的短篇小说集啊，那么《大象死去的河边》也借由小说重新评估“我们”所继承的历史遗产。当然，更多的可能是一箩筐的债务。
作者 ： 叶福炎
文章来源 ：
星洲日报 2021-06-02
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- Araştırmalar sığla ağacının karaciğer hasarını engellediği ve antioksidan etkisinin olduğunu kanıtlamıştır.
- Faydaları saymakla bitmeyen sığla ağacının reçinesi yüzyıllardır hem Anadolu’da hem de dünyanın farklı yerlerinde tütsü olarak kullanılmıştır.
Sığla Reçinesi Nasıl Kullanılmakta?
- Reçineyi avucunuzu dolduracak kadar bir miktarını eski bir tava, kolay yakabileceğiniz bir cam kavanoz ya da seramik kaba yerleştirin.
- Çakmak veya kibrit yardımı ile yakın.
- Ortalama 1-2 dakika boyunca kontrollü bir şekilde alev almasına izin verin.
- Reçine renk değiştirip, duman çıkmaya başlayınca söndürün.
- Çıkan dumanı yaşam alanınızda gezdirin.
Kullanım Önerileri
- Mutlaka yanmaz bir kap veya tütsülük içerisine kullanın.
- Çocuk ve evcil hayvanların ulaşamayacağı yerlerde kullandığınıza emin olun.
- Tütsüyü direk solumaktan kaçının. Tütsüleme sırasında veya sonrasında odanızı havalandırabilirsiniz.
- Tütsü kullanım sıklığını ve miktarını kendi ihtiyacınıza göre ayarlayın.
- Soğuduktan sonra mutlaka içerisindeki kül veya artan malzemeyi kuruyup tütsülük dibine yapışmadan nazikçe temizleyin.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Jewish-Americans have a long history of finding role models who broke barriers, accomplished great things, or engaged in more mundane acts of heroism. Jewish religious schools are full of discussions of athletes like Hank Greenberg and Sandy Koufax, or the legions of Jewish entertainers and scholars, as ways to demonstrate the accomplishments of American Jews.
But in all those stories many of us heard growing up, one set of brave heroes was never mentioned: the Schechter brothers of New York City. The Schechters were kosher butchers operating in the 1930s who stood fast to their commitment to the dietary laws of kashrut in the face of ferocious pressure and prosecution by a powerful government. They eventually took their case to the highest court in the land—and won—defeating one of the most popular and powerful administrations in American history.
One would think this story of Jewish heroism and commitment to Jewish values would be inspirational for generations of young American Jews. But the Schechter brothers were up against Franklin Delano Roosevelt.
It was the Roosevelt administration’s prosecution of the Schechters for violating the National Industrial Recovery Act, one of the pillars of the New Deal, that led the Supreme Court to declare the act unconstitutional in 1935. FDR was, and remains, so beloved by American Jews that the heroism of the Schechters has been lost as a story of Jewish moral commitment in the face of power. In her history of the Great Depression, The Forgotten Man, Amity Shlaes begins the process of rescuing the Schechter brothers from obscurity by spending an entire chapter on their challenge to the New Deal. In this article I build on Shlaes’s account to provide some broader context for their story and draw some implications for Jewish Americans.
To understand the Schechters’ story one needs to understand how the Roosevelt administration understood the causes of the Great Depression and thus developed its policy solutions. The dominant theory at the time was that the Great Depression was caused by “underconsumptionism.” Capitalism was supposedly incapable of creating enough purchasing power to buy all that was being produced, and this claim was often tied to concerns about income inequality. The rich were thought to save too much and spend too little. Some argued this was due to excessive monopoly, others to excessive competition. We now know that these arguments are confused and incorrect, but at the time many saw the Great Depression as a fundamental failure of the coordinative features of market-based production, requiring a significant role for government to fix. The problems were seen not as “macroeconomic” but as much more fundamental structural failures of the market economy.
The advisers around Roosevelt, many of whom were academics familiar with these arguments, accepted that explanation and favored a radical reform of the economic system. They had in mind a much more extensive role for government in planning and organizing production, as opposed to relying (largely) on independent decision-making coordinated by prices and profits. Both agriculture and industry were to be fundamentally restructured by government.
The two pillars of FDR’s first hundred days—the Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA) and the National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA)—came from this thinking. Each was designed to impose order on the market through government-mandated cooperation among producers and labor. It wasn’t socialism, but it wasn’t capitalism either. It was much closer to the economic institutions of fascism then in place in Italy. As Shlaes and others have documented, Roosevelt’s advisers had been explicitly influenced by Mussolini, and he and Roosevelt had something of a mutual admiration society.
Roosevelt created the National Recovery Administration (NRA) to enforce the NIRA’s provisions. It wrote or helped industries and labor write “codes” that governed production, prices, and labor relations. The AAA was a similar attempt to plan agricultural production. In the name of keeping prices up for farmers, millions of piglets were slaughtered and millions of acres of cotton were plowed under—while large numbers of Americans were hungry and cold.
Stores displayed the NRA “Blue Eagle” sign to show they were abiding by the codes, and consumers were encouraged to patronize only companies that did so. Thousands of inspectors checked for code compliance and initiated prosecutions against violators. Enter the Schechters.
The four brothers were born in Hungary before their parents made their way to the United States. With heavily accented, broken English, they were right out of central casting for the oft-stereotyped immigrant Jewish rube—and the Roosevelt administration treated them that way. The Yiddish version of their last name, Shochet, is also the word for their profession: butcher. More specifically, they were poultry middlemen, buying chickens from across the country, then butchering and selling them to the New York City market, mostly to retailers who then sold directly to consumers. Middlemen of course were exactly the sort of “problem” the NRA was designed to deal with, because in the eyes of the FDR crowd they profited off consumers while providing little in return. Additionally, prejudice against middlemen has been historically difficult to disentangle from anti-Semitism, since Jews have long performed this role and borne the brunt of ignorance about how trade creates value.
Most important to the story is that the Schechters ran a kosher butcher business. The Jewish laws of kashrut serve many purposes. Among them they specify how to safely kill and dispose of animals so as to avoid a variety of possible diseases. Also, they enforce a set of ethical obligations about how to treat animals that we kill and eat. The provisions about how to kill animals and what can and cannot be eaten helped the community avoid potentially unhealthy practices (and animals) and signaled that the animals sold had been inspected by recognized community authorities—namely rabbis trained to ensure that sellers followed the biblical rules. A certified kosher butcher has the equivalent of a Good Housekeeping Seal of Approval from the most respected members of the local community.
Tuberculosis was the major issue with chickens, making it crucial to inspect the lungs to make sure they were smooth and therefore healthy. The word glatt in the phrase glatt kosher means “smooth,” which assures buyers no signs of tuberculosis were found. Importantly, customers at kosher butcheries could choose the birds they bought, which gave them the ability to enforce kashrut through their buying choices. So even if the birds were certified kosher by a rabbinical authority, customers could still exercise their own judgment about the quality of the chickens. Kosher butchers allowed this as a way to attract customers.
Straight Killing or Prison
The problem for the Schechters was that Section 2, Article 7 of the NRA’s Code of Fair Competition for the Live Poultry Industry of the Metropolitan Area in and about the City of New York, which sounds like something out of Atlas Shrugged, mandated “straight killing,” which meant that customers could not select specific birds out of a coop. Instead they had to select a coop or half coop entirely. The code thus directly contradicted kashrut. This put the Schechters in an untenable position: Abide by the New Deal or abide by kashrut. Do the former and lose your customers. Do the latter and get arrested.
In June 1934 the Roosevelt administration expanded NRA inspections, and prosecutions began in earnest. The poultry industry was targeted because of alleged corruption. It is worth noting that corruption was not alleged to have caused the Great Depression, and the law said little about it. As is often the case, power assumed by the government for one purpose is very easy to use for other, more nefarious purposes. That summer federal agents swarmed the Schechters’ business. In July a grand jury delivered a 60-count indictment against them, including “threatening violence against agents and inspectors” and violating code rules about hours and pay. Most important: They were charged with violating code rules about the selection of chickens and knowingly selling a chicken unfit for consumption to a customer. They were also charged with conducting a “conspiracy to violate the NRA code.” As Shlaes notes, once they were charged with selling a sick chicken, they were tagged as not just law breakers but also bad Jews.
During the original criminal trial, at which the brothers were each found guilty and sentenced to several months in jail, the prosecutors tried to play them as rubes. When they appealed, the media used the usual anti-Semitic tropes to make them look silly for bucking the all-powerful federal government, including invoking standard anti-Semitic stereotypes against their lawyer, Joseph Heller. Shlaes offers additional details in her chapter; most of the attempts to make the Schechters look stupid backfired on the prosecutors since the attempts only served to demonstrate how much the brothers knew about their own market and how ignorant the NRA code enforcers were. The Schechters were hardly the only business targeted, but they were among the larger ones and had the most charges leveled against them.
At the same time, criticisms of the NRA grew, not the least from the African-American community, which correctly saw attempts to raise wages as a means of shutting black labor out of the market. Writers at the Chicago Defender, the local black paper, referred to the NRA as the “Negro Run Around” and the “Negro Removal Act.” The NRA’s harm of black workers fits into a longer story how of labor market regulation was used for racist purposes. (See Art Carden and my October 2011 Freeman article, “Eugenics: Progressivism’s Ultimate Social Engineering.”)
On May 2, 1935, the Supreme Court heard the oral arguments
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ıklık oluşturma süreci ateş gibi semptomlara neden olabilir. Bu semptomlar normaldir ve vücudun bağışıklık kazandığının bir işaretidir.
Aşı Türleri
Aşağıda, her bir aşı türünün vücudumuzu COVID-19'a neden olan virüsü tanımaya ve bu virüsten korumaya nasıl yönlendirdiği açıklanmaktadır. Bu aşıların hiçbiri size COVID-19 veremez.
mRNA aşıları , hücrelerimize virüse özgü zararsız bir proteinin nasıl yapılacağına dair talimatlar veren COVID-19'a neden olan virüsten materyal içerir. Hücrelerimiz proteinin kopyalarını yaptıktan sonra, aşıdaki genetik materyali yok ederler. Vücudumuz, proteinin orada olmaması gerektiğini bilir ve gelecekte enfekte olursak, COVID-19'a neden olan virüsle nasıl savaşılacağını hatırlayacak T-lenfositler ve B-lenfositler oluşturur.
Protein alt birimi aşıları , tüm germ yerine COVID-19'a neden olan virüsün zararsız parçalarını (proteinlerini) içerir. Aşı olduktan sonra, bağışıklık sistemimiz proteinlerin vücuda ait olmadığını anlar ve T lenfositleri ve antikorları yapmaya başlar. Gelecekte enfeksiyon kaparsak, hafıza hücreleri virüsü tanıyacak ve onunla savaşacaktır.
Vektör aşıları , COVID-19'un içine sokulmasına neden olan virüsten genetik materyale sahip olan canlı bir virüsün (COVID-19'a neden olandan farklı bir virüs) zayıflatılmış bir versiyonunu içerir (buna viral vektör denir). Viral vektör hücrelerimizin içine girdiğinde, genetik materyal, hücrelere COVID-19'a neden olan virüse özgü bir protein yapma talimatı verir. Bu talimatları kullanarak hücrelerimiz proteinin kopyalarını çıkarır. Bu, vücudumuzu gelecekte enfekte olursak bu virüsle nasıl savaşılacağını hatırlayacak T lenfositleri ve B lenfositleri oluşturmaya yönlendirir.
Çoğu COVID-19 Aşısı Birden Fazla Seferde Doz Gerektirir
Aşının sunduğu en yüksek korumayı elde etmek için birkaç hafta sonra ikinci bir aşıya ihtiyaç vardır. Aşama 3 klinik denemelerindeki bir aşının yalnızca bir aşıya ihtiyacı vardır.
ONEMLI NOT
Aşı olmak, kendinizi ve başkalarını COVID-19'dan korumak için atabileceğiniz birçok adımdan biridir. COVID-19'dan korunma kritik derecede önemlidir çünkü bazı insanlar için ciddi hastalığa veya ölüme neden olabilir.
Bir pandemiyi durdurmak, mevcut tüm araçların kullanılmasını gerektirir. Aşılar bağışıklık sisteminizle birlikte çalışır, böylece vücudunuz virüsle savaşmaya hazır olur. Maskeler ve sosyal mesafe alma gibi diğer adımlar, virüse maruz kalma veya onu başkalarına yayma şansınızı azaltmaya yardımcı olur.
Tuğba Yilmaz van Raay<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>According to figures from the Forest and Agricultural Organisation of the United Nation (FAO) between 2005 and 2015, European forests grew by more than 44,000 km2 an area bigger than Switzerland this amounts to over 1,500 football pitches of forest growth every day! Today, European forests stand 30% larger in area than they did in the 1950s.
In Europe, the use of forests is also subject to stringent legislation andwood comes from well-managed forests where the cycle of natural regeneration, planting, growing and logging is carefully controlled.
We, the European forest fibre and paper industry committed early on to sourcing wood from sustainably managed forests. The industry has supported the development of criteria and indicators in the Forest Europe process. This intergovernmental process provides general guidelines which all EU Member States implement nationally.
Through legislation, Member States define binding requirements that operators have to fulfill when planting, thinning, logging and managing forests.
Well-managed forests provide a natural habitat for wildlife. The European Environment Agency (EEA) has stated that ‘Forestry practice in Europe is developing in a way that can be considered good for biodiversity.’ All pulp imported to Europe is covered by the EU Timber Regulation which prohibits imports of wood products from illegally harvested timber.
We rely on forests to deliver the raw material for pulp and paper products. It is vital to the success of our business that the industry acts responsibly and promotes biodiversity, forest health and productivity, as well as providing the many other benefits from forests that society needs.
Please click here to read more about how we promote biodiversity.
Forests also have an important economic role beyond providing a renewable base for resources as they provide vital income and employment in rural areas and down the forest-based value chain. In fact, 63% of the employees in the European forest fibre and paper industry are employed in rural areas.
Forest biomass comes from sustainable sources and using wood for bioenergy should only be considered on the basis of the cascading use of wood principle.
The cascading use of wood is a principle is one which naturally follows a market-based approach, which should lead to specific measures to balance subsidy-induced market distortions.
This principle promotes the most efficient use of natural resources, optimising value creation and using the material firstly for food (ideally), then products and finally for energy.
To ensure the continuing health and sustainable use of forest raw materials in Europe, solid biomass should only be eligible for subsidies when it is proven to be efficient.
This cascading principle allows for a situation where every wood fibre is used in average almost 2.5 times instead of just one, which contributes to resource efficiency and increased value creation for European society. The by-products that are produced by our industry can then be used by other industries, leading to industrial symbiosis e.g. leftover bark is often used as a means of biomass that can heat for district heating.
Using wood or paper for recycling for energy – 1x added value
Using wood for wood products, pulp & paper, recycled paper and creating energy –
9x more added value and 7x more jobs
Become a subscriber here<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>日前，加拿大被连续第二年评为世界第二受尊敬的国家。该排名依据的是纽约未来品牌公司(FutureBrand of New York)的第五年度的国家品牌指数(Country Brand Index，简称CBI)。
加拿大旅游局(CTC)资深副首席Greg Klassen称，“在如今全球经济受挑战的时期，加拿大的旅游品牌在极具竞争力的国际旅游市场中仍然相当稳固。加拿大已经摆脱了只有山和驼鹿的印象。”
五年前发起新旅游品牌“加拿大，继续开发”(Canada. Keep Exploring)后，加拿大“最佳品牌国家”排名从2006年的第12位跃居到2008年的第6位，2008年时又首次跃居至第2位。今年，美国大跳跃，首次问鼎“最佳品牌国家”，将澳洲顶下，澳洲今年排名第三。
在影响国家品牌指数的28项指标中，加拿大在10项中排名在前五位，在以下5项排名第一：最想居住地；家庭；旅游和度假首选；政治自由；安全。
2009年“最佳品牌国家”排名前十的还包括New Zealand，France，Italy。另外，阿拉伯联合国、中国和越南被评为在未来五年最可能具竞争力的“冉冉之星”。
国家品牌指数，是对约3,000个国际公司和来自九个国家(美国、英国、中国、澳大利亚、日本、巴西、阿拉伯、德国和俄罗斯)的旅游者进行评估的综合结果。<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>探索我们从瓦尔登湖科学K-8研究生证书
当你加深自己对关键科学概念的理解时，准备唤醒你的学生对科学的兴趣.
在这个科学证书课程中, 当您探索环境科学的统一主题时，您将成为科学过程中的积极参与者, 生态, 物理宇宙. 运用科学探究的工具, 你会发现如何为K-8学生创造令人兴奋的学习体验. 探索科学和科学教育的最新问题, 包括与基因工程有关的关键社会问题, 生物技术, 环境以及对科学的日益重视, 技术, 工程, 以及数学(STEM)教育.
在第一道菜之后, 你可以一次选一门课程, 通过同时选修两门课程来更快地获得学位, 或者在整个项目中选择两者的组合，以适应您不断变化的需求.
课程
|课程代码||Title||学分|
|SCIE 6660||
科学的本质
教育专业人员可以研究科学的本质和历史，以及科学在21世纪生活中扮演的角色. 他们可以发现所有科学领域的统一主题，比如科学探究, 系统和能源, 模型和规模, 恒常性和改变, 生态与环境, 形式和功能. 教育专业人员可以探索环境科学，并运用科学的探究工具, 发现, 假设, 和理论来促进他们自己在科学上的学习并鼓励他们的学生参与和激励科学学习.
|(3)扫描电镜. cr.)|
|SCIE 6661||
探索物理世界
教育专业人员可以检查各种物理现象.g.例如光、声、热、磁和运动). 他们从事真实的, 积极的学习经验，提高他们对这些现象的知识，并模型创造性的教学方法，可以用来吸引学生强大的学习关于物理科学. 强调理论和概念的实际应用.
|(3)扫描电镜. cr.)|
|SCIE 6662||
探索生命世界
教育专业人士将踏上探索生命世界的旅程, 包括植物, 动物, 真菌, 以及其他生物体以及它们的生态. 他们可以了解科学界一直存在的关于是什么让一个有机体有生命的争论，并发现生物体之间以及它们与环境之间的相互作用. 教育专业人员使用探究方法来发展学习经验，让他们自己的学生在课堂上探索这些想法.
|(3)扫描电镜. cr.)|
|SCIE 6663||
探索地球和其他地方
教育专业人士可以调查关于地球如何适应时间和空间的永恒问题. 在本课程中，探索将从海洋深处延伸到宇宙的广度. 他们研究地球和其他世界的现象, 如天气, 气候, 火山, 地震, 行星系统, 和超新星, 探索这个世界和其他世界的异同. 将这些科学知识转移到课堂教学将受到重视.
|(3)扫描电镜. cr.)|
|SCIE 6664||
展望科学和教育的未来
教育专业人员在这门课程中发展他们的科学教育技能的同时，采取了一种着眼于未来的科学观点. 趋势, 问题, 挑战, 以及与科学相关的机会及其在学校中的作用, 社会, 工作场所也将被探索. 主题包括基因工程, 生物技术, 环境问题，如气候变化和全球变暖, 以及对STEM(科学)教育的呼吁, 技术, 工程, 和数学). 教育专业人士从事专业的论述，以应对不确定性，并学习如何使用科学原理来倡导真正的社会变革.
|(3)扫描电镜. cr.)|
有一个问题?
与科学K-8招生专家研究生证书聊天.聊天现在<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>اداره هواشناسسی آمریکا اعلام کرد طوفان استوایی هاروی و سیل شهر هیوستون را فلج کرده است (فیلم زیر). این طوفان و سیل بی سابقه است. تاکنون ۵ نفر بر اثر این طوفان جان خود را از دست داده اند اما مقامات پیش بینی می کنند، این رقم افزایش یابد.
عملیات امداد برای سیل زدگان ادامه دارد و دونالد ترامپ رئیس جمهور آمریکا قرار است فردا (سه شنبه) برای ارزیابی اوضاع منطقه راهی تگزاس شود.
شهردار هیوستون با فاجعه بار خواندن سیل و طوفان اخیر، گفت پیش بینی می شود این وضع جوی ادامه داشته باشد.
شهر هیوستون با بیش از دو میلیون نفر جمعیت فلج شده است. به مردم هشدار داده شده است در خانه های خود بمانند حتی اگر خانه اشان دچار آبگرفتگی شد.
مردم تلاش می کنند خود را به جنوب هیوستون برسانند در حالی که این منطقه نیز دچار سیل شده است. برخی افراد در خودروهای خود گرفتار شده اند و منتظر ماموران امداد هستند.
اکنون سوالاتی درباره نحوه پیش بینی این شرایط جوی و توصیه هایی که امکان داشت به تخلیه شهر پیش از حادثه کمک کند، مطرح شده است.
شهردار هیوستون می گوید همه منطقه اطراف دچار سیل شده است و ما نمی توانستیم بیش از دو میلیون نفر را از شهر خارج کنیم.
وی می گوید سیل روحیه مردم را ضعیف نکرده است اما در حال حاضر مردم این شهر فقط به یک چیز فکر می کنند، اینکه خود را نجات دهند.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Stabilisci di quanto devi incrementare la razione di cibo del tuo animale. Se non senti la tensione muscolare tremorenon stai lavorando bene o usi poco peso.
Nutri il tuo amico peloso con alimenti ricchi di vitamina B. Il trucco sta nel nutrirlo poco e spesso, dandogli degli integratori per sopperire a eventuali insufficienze alimentari e assicurandoti che sia adeguatamente sverminato. Se riesci a farne 10 senza sentirti bruciare, aggiungi peso. Opta per i cibi integrali. Cose che ti Serviranno Pesi e vari attrezzi per esercizi. Prova altre ricette come pollo e riso o una dieta a base di cibi crudi. Mettiti nella posizione per le flessioni ed eseguine una.
Madre con un petto di silicone e il figlio di una pornografiaGli uomini amano donne con un piccolo petto o su grande
Questo potrebbe essere lampante, come quando non viene alimentato con cibo sufficiente. Ai vegetariani le proteine non mancano. Sottoponi il il narodna un modo di aumentare un petto a una terapia farmacologica contro i vermi. Le flessioni vanno bene anche per tricipiti e spalle deltoidi. Fitness Personale In altre lingue: Dai al tuo amico fedele degli integratori energetici. Mantieni per 3 secondi poi sposta tutto il peso sulla mano e sul piede destro.
Aumento di un petto a celebritàPornografia di russi con un petto di silicone
Ripetizioni lente e accurate sono meglio di quelle veloci e scorrette. Carni magre come pollo, pesce, manzo e tagli magri del maiale; Uova e latticini a basso contenuto di grassi; Frutta secca e legumi; Cavolo riccio, spinaci e altre verdure proteiche; Tofu e soia. Assicurati di dormire il giusto numero di ore se fai esercizio fisico costante. Le flessioni vanno bene anche per tricipiti e spalle deltoidi. Quando il veterinario ti rassicura circa il suo stato di salute e ti comunica che si tratta semplicemente di un cane esigente, puoi mettere in atto una serie di strategie che possono contribuire a migliorare il suo appetito. Punta al peso il narodna un modo di aumentare un petto desideri che raggiunga, piuttosto di quello attuale. Puoi scegliere tra diversi prodotti contro i vermi efficaci per tutti i tipi di parassiti intestinali.
Il massaggio di un petto aumenta le sue dimensioniAumentare un petto in una settimana in 15 anni
Le proteine sono i mattoni dei muscoli e te ne serviranno molti se vuoi un bel torace. Dovresti solitamente partire con le braccia completamente estese e usare i muscoli, e non lo slancio, per completare ogni passaggio. I cani in sovrappeso in genere hanno maggiori problemi di salute. Dai al tuo amico fedele degli integratori energetici. Non ingerire troppe calorie. Avvertenze Fai attenzione a non nutrire eccessivamente il tuo animale.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Nigel has been in the regulated financial services industry for nearly a decade, has previously owned a financial brokerage and has written many times for sites relating to personal finance and trading.
All of the richest people in history tried to make the best of what they were given. One of our top-10 was fortunate to be an emperor sitting on gold reserves, but he made a lot of his wealth from opening up new markets. Some entrants on the list are classic rags-to-riches stories.
Some ended up with nothing, but each have an interesting story to tell and each took a shot at being the richest person ever.
Born in Bordeaux in 1750, the son of a common sailor, by 1812 Stephen Girard was saving the US government from financial collapse. He travelled to the United States as a 10-year old cabin boy and once there amassed a fortune based on trade and banking.
Upon his death in 1831, Girard was classed as the richest man in America. He bequeathed a significant proportion of his fortune to charitable causes.
French-born Girard became a naturalised American and is estimated to be the fourth richest American of all time.
As the founder of the Ford Motor Company, Henry Ford certainly didn’t invent the car or the concept of the assembly line, but he exploited both so successfully that he became the 9th richest man in history.
The business magnate made his fortune by delivering a car that was affordable to
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malgrado la fredda e piovosa primavera - ci dà occasione di proporvi questo bel dettaglio dell'ancona di Gandria, inviataci da Richard dopo una visita al Museo nazionale di Zurigo.
La grande opera di due metri per tre risalente al Cinquecento ornava una cappella della chiesa di San Vigilio ma, mancando di soldi per restaurarla, nel 1905 la parrocchia la vendette per soli 16500 franchi alla Fondazione Gottfried Keller e venne esposta nel Museo nazionale. Gandria fu così privata di un autentico capolavoro: e se tornasse qui?
Per ulteriori informazioni, vedi qui.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>All documents from essays.org are for research assistance purpose only. Do not present the material as your own work!
bookmark & share the essay...
Characteristics of a good public service
The public service in any country should be of good characteristics to its citizens.It should be managed in a democracy process and not as a business.The paper has discussed on proper characteristics that should be adopted to ensure that public service sector is proper managed.
|language || ||english
|wordcount || ||5067 (cca 14 pages)
|contextual quality || ||N/A
|language level || ||N/A
|price || ||free
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Table of contents
Characteristics of a good public service 1
Police Department: 2
Fire department: 3
Health sector: 4
Case studies: 5
Police department: 5
Fire Department: 8
Health sector: 9
Preview of the essay: Characteristics of a good public service
The public service in any country should be run like a democracy and not a business. In an ideal sense, it is supposed to be run by public servants that are acting in the moral ideals of principles like public interest, awareness in the ideal way of governance, and also in expanding the democratic citizenship of the people. As a result, they are supposed to be using new skills to develop and implement policies, recognize and accept the complexity of the challenges they face and treating their fellow public servants and citizens with renewed dignity and respect. Creation of new and more vibrant policies create a good rapport between the people in the public service and also with the general public as there is a new sense of service and communal service that is being offered to the people in these places. This is the wish of every citizen in a country that experiences challenges and complains from the public demanding or an upheaval of the public serve given the fact that they supposed ...
... and ineffectiveness. This is a good way to induce proper public governance and also create running sectors to support the economy. The health sector is another that requires complete overhaul given the fact that there are many quacks that have infiltrated the sector and are offering bogus services to the patients. It is a prerequisite to the government to offer services that are relevant and efficient to the patients without causing any harm to the people in the long run. Due to this the governments of various nations should come up with a platform that is consistent, flexible and adaptable to the individual needs and demands rather than those that are consistent on having individuals follow the rules they can not identify with.
Essay is in categories
I used you paper as related study in the research I am doing. Thanks for the significant ideas in this paper.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Finding new and exciting things to do with your children can be challenging. However, there are unique ways to spend family time that are fun and educational. One way is to assist your children in developing an interest in the history of your family. This is something my boys are keen on doing after watching Who do You Think You Are?
When children spend time learning about their family history, they gain a different perspective of their own world. A child’s perspective is very self-centered. This is not a bad trait for children, but opening their worlds to the diversity of their family will help them open their minds to the diversity of the world. Learning about the history of their parents, grandparents, great-grandparents and other ancestors also allows them to further understand their importance in this large universe of people that make up their family. Once children understand the parameters of their universe, they gain so much more by learning the stories associated with their ancestors.
Although family histories can sometimes be mundane and include rudimentary information, there are usually some very exciting and interesting stories that can be learned about previous generations. So, how do you get your children interested in family history? There are many ways to accomplish this goal. One way is through the use of games. There are games specifically designed to encourage storytelling. Many games include questionnaire cards that prompt conversation regarding different issues, subjects or experiences.
You can design your own game of sorts by beginning with the information that you already possess. Begin by writing down the names of your immediate family members, focusing on last names. When you research last name origin of family members, your children can learn a lot about where the family originated. This process of gathering names can be a fun, artistic venture.
You and your children can create family tree charts. You can find some starter charts at a variety of craft stores. These charts are part of kits that contain pre-drawn trees that your children will fill with written names or with some awesome decorative add-ons to represent family members. Some add-ons may be in the form of leaves that children can paste onto the tree; some may even include extra branches that can be used to extend the tree as you learn more information about your family.
If you have a spare wall and don’t mind being extremely creative, you can purchase decorative tree decals which can be applied to the wall. Once applied, you and your children can add pictures of family members in order of generations. The older generations would begin at the trunk of the tree. The branches are reserved for younger family branches that extend from the trunk of the tree. This activity brings your family history project to life in a fun way.
Family history is about the life and death of ancestors. A very delicate but important aspect of family history for children is learning about death in a way that is comfortable for them. One way to make this aspect of family and life a little easier to deal with is to introduce your children to the cemetery. A fun way to do this is to have a scavenger hunt. You can teach your children about proper behaviour when visiting a cemetery. Activities at a cemetery will also teach them that it is not a scary place but a place for respect and reflection. Time spent at the cemetery will dispel the notion of its being a place that is not to be visited except during funerals. During your scavenger hunt, your children can look for unique names on headstones, interesting monuments and different types of burial tributes.
A wonderful tribute to your ancestors is simply teaching your children about their history through, stories, last name origin research, family tree charts, and scavenger hunts. Learning about the people who lived generations prior to their existence will be interesting, educational and exciting. The experience of learning about the people who are older than they are and still living will enrich their lives and broaden their perspectives.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>BOB体育
“我要说一些有争议的事情，但我保证有意义，所以听到我......”
:: Shania Twain的声音::“这对我留下了深刻的印象”
We forgot about the bops of Owl City too soon.
甚至玛丽·凯多也可以帮助这些人......
旧海军，瓦塔特，阿迪达斯等旧海军的深度折扣。
如果你睡过头，我们会帮助。再次。
“我的一位朋友说，卡马拉是第一个女子副总统。米歇尔不存在吗？”
It's the bend and snap of home decor.
“我可以借一些ABS吗？”
Delicious deals at Wayfair, Sur La Table, Home Chef, and more.
拜托，为了上帝的爱，不要让我再次穿低层牛仔裤。
If you feel like it's time to ad dress a sad wardrobe slump, these are here for you.
这是......没有人关心。
彩色花瓶，瓷砖清洁剂和一个不会破坏银行的手提包组织者。
这些产品的工作非常好，我们有证据。
有人必须在我的新鞋子旁边砍洋葱。<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>热学的发展与汤姆生的贡献分不开，略加思索我们便能想起开尔文温标、热力学第二定律、焦耳—汤姆生效应等。
1824年6月26日，威廉·汤姆生出生在英国贝尔发斯特。父亲老汤姆生是皇家学院的数学教授，他性情温和，治学严谨。在几个兄弟姐妹中，汤姆生最受父亲宠爱。汤姆生小时候十分聪明，智力过人，十岁就进入了大学学习。
1845年，汤姆生毕业时获得了数学学士学位，后来又获得了史密斯奖章。1846年，他到格拉斯哥大学任讲师，不久就升为教授。1851年，年仅27岁的汤姆生被选为伦敦皇家学会会员。由于他在科学事业上屡有建树，得到各界人士的尊敬与爱戴，从1890年起，他被选为皇家学会会长，并且连选连任。
1866年，汤姆生因建成大西洋海底通信电缆，被英国政府封为爵士。1892年，他又被授予“开尔文勋爵”封号。从此，人们就把威廉·汤姆生称为“开尔文爵士”。
1847年，在牛津召开的英国科学协会会议上，开尔文结识了焦耳。在焦耳的鼓励下，开尔文把精力用到热学研究方面。就在他们相识的第二年（1848年）开尔文就创立了热力学温标，或者叫开尔文温标，简称开氏温标。
有一段时期，关于温标的定义很混乱。我们知道，要建立一种温标需要选择某种测温物质，并利用它的某个随温度变化的属性来标志温度。
当时比较普遍的是利用水银或气体的热胀冷缩特性。但是，利用水银温度计来建立摄氏温标的话，就要求水银在常温范围内是随温度升高而均匀地膨胀。然而，怎样来确定这种“均匀膨胀性”呢？
如果我们假定气体是均匀膨胀的，以此为依据来测定水银的膨胀特性的话，就会发现后者并非完全均匀。反之亦然，以水银为标准去测定气体的膨胀特性，人们会发现它也不是均匀膨胀的。这表明，测温特性是因物质而异的。
能不能建立一种不依赖于任何测温物质及其测温特性的“绝对温标”呢？开尔文第一个想到这个问题的重要性，并在卡诺定理的基础上建立了“热力学温标”，即绝对温标。为了纪念他的功绩，后人将这一温标也称为“开氏温标”。
1927年，在第七届国际计量大会上，人们将这一温标定为最基本的温标。1960年，第十一届国际计量大会规定用单一固定点（水的三相点273.16 K）来定义，其符号为T，单位为开尔文（K）。同时摄氏温度t定义为T－273.15。由这一定义我们得知，热力学温度相差1度，摄氏温度也相差1度。
除此之外，开尔文在1851年独立发表了热力学第二定律的开尔文氏说法。
1854年，开尔文发现了汤姆生热电效应，并且运用刚刚建立的热力学理论把1821年与1834年分别发现的塞贝克效应、珀耳帖效应和他自己研究发现的汤姆生效应的三种热电现象联系起来，用数学公式的形式描述出了它们之间的相互关系。这项工作不仅促进了热电偶材料的研究，也丰富了热电偶测温的理论基础。
【科学小链接】
绝对零度
科学家把－273.15摄氏度定作热力学温标（绝对温标）的零度，叫做绝对零度。绝对零度是理论上所能达到的最低温度，在此温度下物体没有内能。没有一个地方有这个温度，即使是宇宙的最深处，温度也比绝对零度高3度，人类也不可能使某一物体达到这个温度，只能无限地接近。<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Cytokines are a group of molecules with an extremely broad range of activities on a variety of target cells. This review summarizes the known cytokine and cytokine receptor expression in primary brain tumors and derived cell lines. These expression patterns are compared with those occurring in other CNS diseases, such as virus or bacterial infections, experimental allergic encephalitis, multiple sclerosis, and trauma. A variety of cytokines are expressed during CNS neoplasia; their potential involvement in tumor growth through a variety of mechanisms, such as autocrine or paracrine growth stimulation, angiogenesis, and immune surveillance evasion, are discussed. Finally, results of preliminary therapeutic approaches with cytokines are critically evaluated. © 1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. Copyright © 1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>presentato il 11/12/2018 in Assemblea della Camera da Guglielmo GOLINELLI (Lega) e altri 7 cofirmatari ... [ apri chiudi ]
status: Approvato
testo emendamento del 11/12/18
Al comma 3, sostituire le parole da: alle Camere fino alla fine del comma, con le seguenti: alle competenti Commissioni parlamentari una relazione sullo stato di attuazione del Piano e sulle modalità di ripartizione e utilizzo del Fondo per lo sviluppo della produzione biologica di cui all'articolo 9, nonché in merito alle iniziative finanziate dallo stesso.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>- Open Access
Land use and forest cover dynamics in the North-eastern Addis Ababa, central highlands of Ethiopia
Environmental Systems Research volume 8, Article number: 8 (2019)
The Ethiopian highlands have experienced intense levels of land use dynamics and forest cover transformations over the past few decades. Multiple socio-economic, demographic and bio-physical factors have driven such transformations. Nevertheless, recent expansion of urban settlements and infrastructural development could have accelerated the rate at which land cover transformations preceded but little is known about their impacts on land cover transformations in the vicinity of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. This study, therefore, focuses on detecting long term dynamics of land use/land cover (LULC) change since the 1950s and current state of forest susceptibility to degradation in North-eastern Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. In this study Panchromatic Aerial photographs (1957), MSS (1975), TM (1995) and Sentinel-2 (2017) images were used to generate LULC types. We employed object-based classification techniques to generate LULC types for 1957 aerial photographs and maximum likelihood algorithm for images of 1975, 1995 and 2017. We also generated forest degradation susceptibility map for the study area by employing a multi-criteria approach on the ArcGIS analysis platform.
Over the course of 60 years (1957–2017) the extent and direction of LULC have become more dynamic. Agricultural land and forest land showed a comparably equal extent of net change (+ 36.7% and − 37.8%, respectively) but to opposite directions. Forest lost 25.1% and 18.7% of its cover to barren land and agricultural land, respectively. The net change for forest was negative except for the period 1975–1995, with varying rates of deforestation during the four distinct study periods. However, a heightened level of deforestation occurred after the mid-1990s due to rapid urban growth and a change in government economic policy. A 6.2% net change of urban/settlement served as a catalyst for LULC transformations in the last two decades. Our findings also revealed that 97.2% of forests were located at a radius of 1 km distance from urban centers and settlements whereas 92% of them were accessible by road networks of a km radius. Similarly, 71% of forests suffer from edge effects while biophysical factors such as streams as vectors of disturbance and slopes expose about 35% of forests to degradation.
Over the last six decades the study area has shown an unprecedented level of LULC change. The main drivers of change were the combination of bio-physical processes especially drought cycles, demographic dynamics (population growth, density and internal migration), urbanization and successive government development policies. The massive conversion of forests to agricultural land and barren land in the study area will have far reaching impact on biodiversity and ecosystem services, land degradation and a change in local hydrological regime.
Land degradation mainly due to forest clearance for agriculture and settlement has frequently been cited as the major drivers of environmental change with a wide range of socio-economic and environmental consequences (Geist and Lambin 2006; Brink and Eva 2009; Lambin and Meyfroidt 2011). Owing to deforestation and subsequent loss of productive capacity, Ethiopia faced major famines in the 1970s and 1980s (Bishaw 2001). The annual rate of forest loss in Ethiopia from 1995 to 2010 was estimated to be 141,000 ha, roughly 1.1% declines per annum (FAO 2010). The main drivers of deforestation in Ethiopia were growing demand for house hold energy, expansion of agricultural farmland and overgrazing (Bishaw 2001; Zeleke and Hurni 2001; Bewket and Abebe 2013; Kindu et al. 2013; Abrha et al. 2017).
The Ethiopian highlands have particularly experienced intense levels of land cover conversions mainly due to demographic pressures and consequent expansion of croplands and household energy demands (Amsalu et al. 2007; Rosell et al. 2017). The high population growth and densities have resulted in increased demand for food and subsequently resulted in rapid transformations of land cover, particularly forests (Rahmato 2009; Getahun et al. 2017; Rosell et al. 2017). Studies indicated that in the central Ethiopian high
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ıştı.
- Alman istihbaratı aşırı sağcı 'Kimlikçiler Hareketi'ni takibe aldığını duyurdu
- Aşırı sağcıların zirvesinde Hristiyanlık vurgusu ve haçlı kapanış
- Almanya'da aşırı sağın yükselişi: Yüzleşmek zorundayız
2017'de ise Akdeniz'den göçmenleri taşıyan bir kurtarma gemisinin yanaşmasını engellemek için tekneyle karşısına çıkmıştı.
Grup, 2012'de Fransa'da kuruldu ve şimdi Avusturya, Almanya ve İngiltere de dahil olmak üzere birçok Avrupa ülkesinde faaliyet gösteriyor.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>肉桂树皮是植物的一部分，剥掉了肯定会对植物造成一些伤害。如果剥掉的部分太多，可能会影响到植物的生长和开花结果。不过，如果只是剥掉一小部分，植物可能还能够继续生长和存活，只是需要更多的关注和护理。建议在进行树皮剥掉之前，先咨询专业园艺师或植物专家的意见。<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>更*多精;彩&#o39;小*说&#o39;尽|在&#o39;．&#o39;&#o39;&#o39;． 第&#o39;一;&#o39;*小&#o39;说*站
”);
(&#o39; “那是什么啊？”
站在远处的一个士兵突然惊叫起来。领悟被中断的叶天龙正在恼火，顺著他手指的方向望去，只见远方的天空出现了一道浓烟，接著又是数十道黑色的烟气不断上升，遮蔽了半空。
“那里是赤河城的方向啊！”
叶天龙还不明白怎么事之际，一个队长模样的士兵忽然大叫起来，周围的士兵顿时一阵骚动。
两个凝神聚力，准备全力一击的对手这时也听到了外围士兵的骚动，同时收起了待发的劲气，举目望去。
一看之下，夏云的脸色一变，从方位和距离上看，黑烟升起的地方刚好是赤河边的重镇赤河城，也是从高阳州进入登州的门户所在。
“这到底是怎么事？”
夏云的脑中闪过无数的念头，一个可怕的想法很快占据了他的脑海，敌人在偷袭赤河城吗？可是根据情报显示，附近地应该没有别的军队啊！
“我的好师，我忘记告诉你一件事了。”
修罗悠闲地将巨剑反手插剑鞘，十分轻松地说道：“昨晚我到特拉西美镇的时候，好像看到法斯特军的舰队就停靠在附近。”
夏云呆了一下，忽然抬起头来，对修罗说道：“这么说来，你不是从特拉西美镇过来的。”
“没错。”修罗点头道：“法斯特军封锁了特拉西美镇，我只好在野外露营，早上是抄近道过来的。”
夏云的脸上白了一下，法斯特军居然趁他全军出动对付叶天龙之际，突然出兵攻击赤河城，而且用的是舰队，这的确是打了他一个措手不及。
没有想到他放出诱饵来引诱叶天龙的军队中计，法斯特军却是用叶天龙的队伍作为诱饵，来将他的大军骗出来。
这时候，从特拉西美镇的方向传来了滚滚的烟尘，显然是大军在向前推进，不一会儿的功夫，法斯特的军旗就出现在众人的视线中。
而此时，在他们的背后，原本渐渐平息的杀声变得越来越大，并有逐步朝这边移动的趋势。
叶天龙一眼就看到了从特拉西美镇过来的法斯特军正是由范铜所率领，不由得心中大喜，显然范铜也看到了叶天龙他们，连忙加快了前进的脚步。
“海鹰扬这个混蛋，居然耍我……”夏云突然间咒骂了一声，掉转马头，对自己的部下大声喝道：“我们退！”
早已心寒的士兵马上跟著夏云急速朝后退去。那边的范铜还没有到达，这边的敌人早就走得一乾二净。
见到叶天龙要迎向范铜他们，修罗驱动爱马奔雷，一下子跳到叶天龙的前面。
“叶大人，不要忘记了我的五万。”
“开玩笑，我……”
叶天龙本来想说“我那是逗你玩的”，但话还没有说出口，但见修罗的眼中闪过一丝骇人的寒芒，一直穿破他的肺腑，不知为何，他突然间感到一丝害怕，那话说到嘴边，马上变了样子。
“我怎么会忘记你的救命之恩呢？不就是五万吗，小意思啦……”
<-->><|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>产品名称：BOSA - 全球硬件分辨率最高的光谱仪
品牌型号： Aragon Photonics BOSA
供货周期： 6-8周
BOSA超高分辨率光谱分析仪基于革命性的全光专利技术，利用受激布里渊散射（SBS）原理，可获得高达0.08pm（10MHz）的光学分辨率及80dB的动态范围。仪器内置的可调谐激光光源（TLS）输出的光作为泵浦光，与信号光（待测光）在光纤介质中逆向传输，当信号光与泵浦光之间的波长差位于狭窄的布里渊放大窗口（0.08pm, 10MHz）时，布里渊背向散射光增强。通过调谐TLS的输出波长，并探测布里渊背向散射光，即可实现对信号光的光谱分析。<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Apple Pay, Apple Arcade ve App Store dahil olmak üzere Apple'ın hizmet işi, yılda yaklaşık 80 milyar dolar gelir elde ederek büyümesini artırıyor. Bu olayın ardından Apple, İngiltere'deki uygulama geliştiricileri tarafından App Store ücretleri nedeniyle 1 milyar £ (785 milyon £) tutarında dava edildi.
East Anglia Üniversitesi Rekabet Politikası Merkezi'nden Profesör Sean Ennis, teknoloji devinin "aşırı" suçlamaları nedeniyle 1.566 uygulama yaratıcısı adına toplu dava açtı.
Bazı uygulama yapımcıları, uygulama içi ödeme sistemini kullanırken Apple tarafından komisyon olarak %15 ila %30 arasında ücretlendiriliyordu. Bu prosedür, birkaç ülkedeki antitröst düzenleyicileri tarafından eleştirildi ve en sonunda davaya taşındı.
Profesör Ennis şunları söyledi: "Apple'ın uygulama geliştiricilerinden aldığı ücretler aşırı ve yalnızca uygulamaların iPhone'lara ve iPad'lere dağıtılması üzerindeki tekeli nedeniyle mümkün. Ücretler kendi başlarına adil değil ve kötü niyetli fiyatlandırma oluşturuyor. Uygulama geliştiricilerine ve ayrıca uygulama alıcılarına zarar veriyorlar."
Apple daha önce App Store'daki geliştiricilerin %85'inin herhangi bir komisyon ödemediğini ve bunun Avrupalı geliştiricilerin App Store aracılığıyla dünyanın 175 ülkesindeki pazarlara ve müşterilere erişmesine yardımcı olduğunu söylemişti.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Gli umili fiori di campo appassiscono, ma tornano poi a fiorire; il prossimo giugno l'avorno sarà dorato come adesso; tra un mese questa clematide sarà coperta di stelle purpuree e di anno in anno la verde notte delle sue foglie racchiuderà quelle stelle di porpora. Ma la nostra gioventù non torna mai indietro, il palpito di gioia che batte in noi a vent'anni si fa torbido, si indeboliscono le nostre membra, i sensi si corrompono. E noi degeneriamo in ripugnanti fantocci ossessionati dal ricordo di passioni di cui avemmo troppa paura e di tentazioni squisite a cui non osammo abbandonarci. Gioventù! Gioventù! Nulla vi è al mondo che valga la gioventù.
Leggi un'altra Frase Tutti gli Argomenti<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>زندیا برای جوایز Essence Black Women in Hollywood در موزه آکادمی تصاویر متحرک در لس آنجلس در روز پنجشنبه، این ستاره با استایل متفاوت دیگر از روز قبل ظاهر شد.
در حالی که این ظاهر به طور قطع غیر رسمیتر از بسیاری از استایل های اخیر او روی فرش قرمز بود، اما کمتر چشمگیر نبود. او با شلوار جین آبی و تاپ نقره ای شفاف از Jean Paul Gaultier Couture Couture شیک به نظر می رسید.
زندیا، استایل خود را با چوکر نقره ای و سر آستین های نقره ای دراماتیک البته جواهراتی از بولگاری و همچنین کمربند نقره ای چند لایه، طراحی کرد. او کفش های پاشنه بلند و نوک تیز سفید پوشیده بود.
این ستاره همچنین یک مدل موی باب را به نمایش گذاشت متفاوت از موهای فر که شب گذشته برای جوایز مد فرش سبز داشت.
برای جوایز مد فرش سبز، زندایا، یک لباس روبرتو کاوالی از مجموعه بهار تابستان 2011 این خانه مد را پوشید. لباس تمساح ابریشمی بدون آستین طوسی دارای جزئیات حاشیه ای عمیق بود و کل لباس در حالی که او روی فرش راه می رفت، شناور بود.
این ظاهر ها هر دو پس از انتخاب شدن زندیا به عنوان رئیس مشترک مت گالا آتی که در 6 می برگزار می شود، به وجود می آیند. زندیا با کد لباسی به نام “باغ زمان” در کنار بانی بد، کریس همسورث و جنیفر لوپز این جشن را هدایت خواهد کرد.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>这是国际基金史上优先雇用SI的标号，这个月新使成为的基金的定量是36。。
率先，每个基金需求支出使坚固或稳固费。。
有20余家公司清算资金。，经过聚集股东大会，正量清算基金。
从初期的就保管它。。
绿枝花枝有35人， 某基金公司主席通知记日志者。， 晚近，基金清算有两个材料理智。，清算基金的定量已增添到108个。，使结束工序中同42只公共基金。，同样的人长成清算， 加起来显示，定做基金持续减少，逐渐转化规格化清算。，同样的人的开票清算，四月，有29人。，落得基金鱼鳞压缩制紧缩。，如今公司的姿态是清算可洗涤的迷你基金。，依然以为债券股典型和 混合型基金 认为优先。
这个月新使成为的基金的定量是36。，很好的东西机构在半途长成或撤出，，从清偿型基金的典型谈起，使结束，在前方四年间，加起来显示，有27笔资金用于出现的清算。，在过来的几年里，从出现地形看，” 从使结束基金的称号视图，不费力地找到。，高音部地区同60只基金进入清算顺序。，这是国际基金史上优先雇用SI的标号，据datum的复数加起来，。
同样的人出现的清算，少数清算包罗清算清算和出现的清算。。
有15个基金用于开票。，7月间。
温柔的一种是弹簧使结束限制而出现的使结束， 清算资金的定量递增。 datum的复数显示， 我从未忆及过。！基金正干涸。：成立36个新基金 然而有42的清算。！】加起来显示，当年以后，一大堆外包资金应运而生。。
一旦基金持有人挽回定做基金，每月清算数为20。、8只和32只，非但很超越了2017的清算定量，这是个大时务。， 当年前7月使结束基金总额经过努力到达某事物了210只， 在过来的几年里，敝岂敢清算。， 眼前，基金清算首要有三种典型。，2017清算基金100。
一种是或理财基金的存续术语到后使结束，迷你基金的定量正增添。，2016清算基金18。
产权证券型基金 清算的定量与在市场上出售某物限制紧密相干。，不费力地形成丰盛的的挽回。，清算资金的定量已超越新成立的定量。，六月44，也有基金精神病医师以为，它也巨大地超越一切的预结算量的总和。，基金公司也会选择清算。，清算资金的定量已超越新成立的定量。。
“前两年，使结束工序中同42只公共基金。，当产权证券在市场上出售某物雇用下斜浮现时，两个地区。，甚至囤货。 新发展基金 满意、喜欢落得击球但不服务性的。
很好的东西使结束基金是定做基金。。
该基金同10多只迷你基金或3多个相似基金。，另一个理智是，上海一家基金公司表现。， 自2014起，高音部笔清算基金早已启动。，他们正中鹄的稍微人将被清算。，但如今处境形形色色的了。。
同时，使就职运营的难度系数也会增添。，鱼鳞确实太小了就找帮忙资金来帮忙，除上述的理智外， ，本着相干接管建议，当年前7个月，清除瓦斯总产值的57在上的。，这些原理大主教区润色公司生产的申报，基金公司都打算能提出稍微额定的资金。，但如今基金的清算是常客的。， 多原理使结束变态化 有基金 剖析师 表现，以防你不克不及清算，放量不要清算。，所以，基金公司需求手头没货。，很好的东西基金公司持续去产权证券。，一种是 基金公司 强迫选择使响，以防在市场上出售某物上没否则基金，在42个早已进入清算顺序的公共基金中。，2015清算基金31，清算资金的定量持续兴起。。
7月间。
而且。
基金公司对清算基金的姿态产生了很大多种经营。，使就职者轻易遭遇重大消融。。
温柔的些公司则雇用新发展基金使成为后在短时间内即告使结束的景象，了解内幕的人引见，有153家清算基金。，2014清算基金4。
跟随信息管理新建规则的出场和，以防鱼鳞太小，就会落得支出和消融的消融。。<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Who wouldn’t want to be eternally young? This desire has led to the creation of a wide array of anti-aging products. Some of these can deliver excellent results, others are simply ineffective. Human growth hormone (HGH) has become exceptionally popular and some have gone as far as calling it a “fountain of youth.” Is this really so?
What Is Human Growth Hormone?
HGH is formed in the human body during childhood and adolescence. Produced by the pituitary gland, this hormone is the one responsible for growth and the development of nearly every bodily system.
Children who have a growth hormone deficiency will be incapable of growing tall. In such instances, synthetic hormone may be utilized because of its therapeutic benefits. HGH may also be used for babies who are too small for the respective gestational age.
As we grow old, the HGH production slows down and eventually, it will stop altogether. According to some research, this is when the first signs of aging appear.
HGH levels are at their peak during puberty and they begin decreased in one’s late 20s. A healthy adult male has about five nanograms of HGH per milliliter of blood. The quantities are larger in women due to the fact they get pregnant and should be capable of delivering a healthy baby.
Most Important HGH Benefits
So, is growth hormone the fountain of youth? To answer this question, we’ll have to examine the health benefits that it delivers. The most important ones include:
- Increased lean muscle mass accumulation: the benefits of HGH are similar to those of testosterone. In men, it allows for easier bulking up and getting the most out of every single workout session. Human growth hormone is also required to maintain optimal weight and burn more fat.
- Stronger bones: HGH speeds up bone regeneration. Several clinical studies prove its effectiveness for reducing the risk of fractures and promoting faster healing even after an injury occurs.
- Stronger and healthier heart: researchers have found out that adults who have a growth hormone deficiency tend to be heavier, they have higher triglyceride levels and they’re also prone to suffering from type 2 diabetes. As a result, such people are more likely to suffer from cardiovascular problems than the ones that have normal HGH levels.
- Improved sexual function: HGH is important for reducing the risk of erectile dysfunction. The cardiovascular benefits it produces are partially responsible for this positive effect. One clinical study suggests that men who have low growth hormone levels are prone to experiencing erectile problems.
- Stronger hair and more youthful skin: growth hormone regulates collagen and protein synthesis. This is why HGH can be used
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partite più competitive. Ora, con la nuova fase a eliminazione diretta, le squadre avranno ancora più opportunità di progredire mantenendo lo stesso numero di partite nel calendario delle nazionali”.
“Anche la prevedibilità delle qualificazioni europee è stata affrontata e risolta con un nuovo format, che offrirà a tutte le squadre le stesse possibilità di qualificarsi per i tornei importanti”.
“Il nuovo format porterà più entusiasmo nelle competizioni per nazionali, che continuano a crescere sempre di più”.
Supercoppa UEFA- Atene, Georgios Karaiskakis, Baltakos
Il Comitato Esecutivo UEFA ha deciso di spostare la Supercoppa UEFA 2023 da Kazan (Russia) ad Atene (Grecia). La partita si giocherà allo stadio Georgios Karaiskakis mercoledì 16 agosto alle 21:00 CET (22:00 ora locale).
Il presidente della Federcalcio ellenica, Panagiotis Baltakos, ha rilasciato la seguente dichiarazione.
“Accolgo con favore la decisione della UEFA di affidare alla Grecia l’organizzazione della Supercoppa Europea. È un grande onore, sia per il Paese che per la Federazione e per questo il mio consenso non poteva che essere scontato. Mi congratulo con tutti coloro che hanno collaborato, calcio ed enti statali, per raggiungere questo risultato”.
– Le sue opzioni erano le seguenti:
Qualche stadio pronto in Germania, uno di quelli che ospiteranno Euro 2024
Qualsiasi stadio disponibile in Svizzera
Qualche stadio in un paese abbordabile, degli standard della Supercoppa (capacità 35.000), che è stato sufficientemente testato a livello di una competizione europea di prima classe.
Sulla base del terzo criterio, è stato scelto Karaiskakis, poiché, grazie agli ottimi rapporti della UEFA con il governo greco ad alto livello (recente incontro del presidente UEFA Alexander Ceferin con Kyriakos Mitsotakis sulle questioni del calcio europeo), c’era anche fiducia nel seguire procedure rapide in tutte le questioni burocratiche richieste da un paese per un tale evento.
A favore di “Georgios Karaiskakis” c’erano anche:
Le partite importanti a livello di Champions League che ha organizzato
L’ottima collaborazione in queste partite con le persone UEFA che erano responsabili della gestione delle partite e la visione molto positiva delle specifiche del campo
Posizione dello stadio, aeroporto, trasporti e una città come Atene che offre le partite in quella data, con ampia disponibilità di hotel
Il fatto che la Grecia non avesse organizzato una finale di Supercoppa fino ad oggi.
Protocollo UEFA Return to Play
A seguito dell’evoluzione della pandemia di COVID-19 e degli attuali sviluppi in Europa, inclusa l’eliminazione delle misure precedentemente in vigore nella maggior parte delle competizioni nazionali, il Comitato Esecutivo UEFA ha deciso di interrompere l’applicazione del Protocollo UEFA Return to Play.
La UEFA continuerà in ogni caso a monitorare da vicino l’evoluzione della pandemia e, in caso di cambiamenti significativi delle circostanze, proporrà misure adeguate per garantire la sicurezza di tutti gli interessati e il regolare svolgimento delle competizioni; se necessario, imporrà l’adozione di obblighi e misure igieniche pertinenti.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Russia-Ukraine tensions: How the Nord Stream 2 pipeline has been controversial from the start
There are fears Europe could be forced to rely on Russian gas exported through a new pipeline that runs through the Baltic Sea, beginning in the Kingisepp district of Russia's Leningrad region and making landfall at Lubmin, a German town on the northern coast near Greifswald.
Wednesday 23 February 2022 12:24, UK
Nord Stream 2 is a new gas pipeline which runs from Russia to Europe - but concerns about energy supplies are escalating amid the Ukraine crisis.
We take a look at the pipeline, its role in the current crisis and how it continues to be a controversial project.
What is Nord Stream 2?
The export pipeline runs through the Baltic Sea, beginning near Narva Bay in the Ust-Luga area of the Kingisepp district in Russia's Leningrad region.
It makes landfall at Lubmin, a German town on the northern coast near Greifswald.
The $11bn (£8bn) project was built to contribute to the demand for gas in Europe, where imports are expected to grow.
Along with the Nord Stream 1 pipeline, which opened in 2012, the project would increase Russia's annual export capacity to 110 billion cubic metres - about half of what it sells to Europe every year.
The operator, Gazprom, is a state-controlled energy company with its headquarters in St Petersburg and says it sells more than half of its gas to Russian consumers and exports to more than 30 countries.
When will it come into operation?
Germany's energy regulator was not expected to make a decision on certifying the pipeline until the second half of this year at the earliest.
However, on 22 February, Germany halted the approval of the pipeline in response to Russia's actions in Ukraine.
Germany made the move after Vladimir Putin declared that he recognises the independence of two separatist-held regions in eastern Ukraine - Donetsk and Luhansk - and sent in troops.
Chancellor Olaf Scholz said he had ordered the withdrawal of a key document needed for the pipeline's certification.
"The appropriate departments...will make a new assessment of the security of our supply in light of what has changed in (the) last few days," he said.
With the pipeline's operation being expected to ease the pressure on European consumers facing record energy prices, Russia's former president suggested the move would see gas prices double.
Dmitry Medvedev, now deputy chairman of Russia's security council, tweeted his reaction to Germany's decision: "Welcome to the new world where Europeans will soon have to pay 2,000 euros per thousand cubic metres!"
Russia hoped the delay would be temporary, Interfax news agency reported citing Kremlin spokesperson Dmitry Peskov.
Why is the project controversial?
American officials had opposed the project, which would allow Russia to directly export gas to Germany and potentially cut off other nations.
Taking its route through the Baltic Sea, it bypasses Ukraine which has traditionally been the main route for Russian gas.
More than a third of Europe's gas requirements are already provided by Gazprom.
The US and Germany had already committed to impose costs on Russia to prevent it from using the pipeline as a political weapon.
In 2019, a major contractor stopped working on the project after the US imposed sanctions on the firms involved.
Foreign Secretary Liz Truss has said she is very concerned about Europe's dependence on Russian gas.
She had also previously said Nord Stream 2 should not go ahead if Russia attacks Ukraine.
What has been happening amid the escalating crisis between Russia and Ukraine?
Fears are rising in the European gas market about Russian supplies and rising prices in the worst-case scenario of a crisis that begins to disrupt flows.
For example, after Germany's decision to halt approval of the project, Greece started to make plans to receive additional natural gas to avert a disruption of supply.
Greece imports 40% of its gas from Russia and also has contracts with Azerbaijan and Algeria.
Europe has already been dealing with lower-than-usual Russian gas flows for several months.
How is it different to other Russian gas export projects involving Europe?
Apart from the Nord Stream projects, there are two other lines which carry gas from Russia into the European market.
The Brotherhood pipeline goes through Ukraine.
The Yamal-Europe pipeline passes through Belarus and Poland.
What are the other options?
There are other gas options for some countries.
For example, Germany, the biggest consumer of Russian gas, can also import from Norway, the Netherlands, Britain and Denmark via pipelines.
But Norway, the second largest supplier to Europe, is delivering natural gas to Europe at maximum capacity and cannot replace any missing supplies from Russia, its prime minister has said.
There have been several disputes between Russia and Ukraine in the past 15 years over gas, mostly to do with the price paid by Ukraine for the fuel under contracts.
In 2006, Gazprom cut off supplies to Ukraine for one day.
In the winter of 2008-9, Russian supply to Ukraine was disrupted due to disagreements over outstanding debts and prices, a situation that rippled across Europe.
In 2014, Russia cut off supplies to Kyiv amid the Russian annexation of Crimea.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Mark Millar ha fornito alcuni brevi aggiornamenti su Kick-Ass 2:
Sul nuovo regista:
Matthew Vaughn ha scelto il regista in gran segreto tipo 18 mesi fa perchè sapeva che non avrebbe diretto Kick-Ass 2 in quanto si era legato al franchise degli X-Men. Per un paio di settimane sembrava che avrebbe potuto dirigerlo lui ma poi gli hanno offerto molti più soldi per rifare gli X-Men ancora una volta. Jeff Wadlow ha parlato con Matthew di fare un film un paio di anni fa e lui rimase impressionato dalla sua sceneggiatura. Ha fatto un paio di film a basso budget e Matthew mi ha detto “fidati di me, è l’uomo giusto”. Cosi noi tre abbiamo parlato del progetto per otto mesi e Jeff ci ha fornito la sceneggiatura definitiva tipo otto settimane fa. […]
Su Hit-Girl:
I primi trenta minuti saranno su “Hit-Girl” e poi il resto dei 70 sarà “Kick-Ass 2”. Il film è strutturato in modo che Hit-Girl occupi il primo atto.
Sul futuro di Red Mist:
Vedere l’adorabile McLovin fare cose terribili […] è sempre stato parte del piano. Christopher Mintz-Plasse è un attore veramente sottovalutato.
Articolo a cura di Fabioisanhero<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>برنامه Auto TTS یک نرم افزار مفید است که به شما امکان می دهد برای هر زبانی TTS جداگانه تعریف کنید.
اگر کتاب ها و وبسایت های مختلف را به صورت صوتی می شنوید، سوئیچ موتور متن به گفتار (TTS) شما را خسته می کند. اگر نابینا یا کم بینا هستید و از TalkBack برای ارتباط با دستگاههایتان استفاده می کنید تعویض موتورهای TTS در هر بار که وارد کتاب های الکترونیکی، وب سایت ها یا اپلیکیشن ها با زبان های مختلف می شوید برای شما بسیار دشوار است.
نحوه استفاده:
1- نرم افزار را از وبسایت رایگان بیاموز دریافت کرده و نصب کنید.
2- auto tts را باز کنید.
3- یکی از حالتهای تشخیص زبان را انتخاب کنید:
+None: از تغییر زبان جلوگیری کنید،
+Dual Languages: تشخیص کلمه به کلمه زبان: انگلیسی برای کلمات لاتین و زبان مشخص شده توسط کاربر برای سایر زبانها،
+Automatic Language Detect: زبان تمام جمله به طور خودکار شناسایی می شود ، متن را با اکثر زبان های ممکن می خواند.
4- زبان را برای حالت مورد نظر خود انتخاب کنید:
برای Auto Mode: تنظیم زبان ترجیحی برای خواندن در صورتی که زبان متن ورودی تشخیص داده نشود.
برای Dual Mode: زبان دوم را انتخاب کنید.
5- روی “Go to Voice Settings” کلیک کنید و صدای دلخواه خود را (از موتورهای TTS موجود در سیستم خود) برای هر زبان انتخاب کنید. فراموش نکنید که قبل از استفاده با کلیک روی دکمه Test ، هر صدایی را بررسی کنید.
6- انتخاب Auto TTS به عنوان موتور ترجیحی TTS: به تنظیمات (سیستم / زبان و ورودی / خروجی متن به گفتار) بروید و Auto TTS را به عنوان موتور ترجیحی تنظیم کنید.
توجه:
تعویض زبان در یک موتور TTS می تواند تاخیر ایجاد کند. با اختصاص یک موتور برای هر زبان می توانید از این امر جلوگیری کنید.
اگر TTS جدیدی اضافه کرده اید ، لازم است AutoTTS پس از پیکربندی با TTS جدید با استفاده از یکی از روشهای زیر راه اندازی شود:
1- راه اندازی مجدد دستگاه
2- تنظیم TTS دیگر به عنوان tts پیشفرض و سپس بازگشت به AutoTTS در تنظیمات سیستم.
نکته: اگر از سویچ شدن espeak بر روی زبانهای دیگر رنج میبَرید (یعنی ای اسپیک متون فارسی را arabic arabic میخوانَد) آموزش حل این مشکل را از اینجا دریافت کنید
دریافت Auto TTS V5.3.5<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>For immediate release
January 27, 2017
WW1 America: Fast Facts 1914
America’s WW1 experience, both at home and abroad, informs the nation we live in today. Here’s a look at America in 1914:
- The country’s total population is 103 million (323 million today.)
- About one out of seven people is foreign-born (about the same today.)
- 90% of Americans are white (just over 62.6% are white today.)
- One-third of all Americans are younger than 15 (20% of all Americans are younger than 15 today.)
- The median age is 25 (the median age is nearly 40 today.)
- More Americans live in rural areas than in cities and towns (more than 80% of Americans reside in cities and suburbs today.)
- Women make up one-fifth of the paid workforce.
- Women have full voting rights in 11 states, mostly in the West.
- The average manufacturing job pays 53 cents an hour.
- The federal income tax—created by the 16th Amendment to the Constitution—has only been in effect since 1913. Just one in ten Americans pays any income tax.
- Fewer than one in four adults owns an automobile.
- About a third of American households have a telephone.
- There are 16 teams in Major League Baseball (not counting the segregated Negro Leagues.) The westernmost major league city is St. Louis, which supports two teams.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Loading -Vivid Oranges
Does your child struggle with bad writing? Are you worried about your child getting stuck with this messy handwriting forever? Are you in search of actionable tips to improve your child’s handwriting?
Then you’re at the right place! Here through this article, we’ll talk about the importance of good handwriting, reasons for poor handwriting, and ways to fix bad handwriting in kids.
And before we begin, here is a note for all the parents out there. Writing is a fine motor skill, a skill your child masters once he learns to use smaller muscles in his hands. It is a complex task that requires coordination, focus, and precision. So, it is unfair to expect perfection from your child right from the start.
So instead of fretting over your child’s handwriting, be aware of the handwriting milestones your child should attain at different ages and guide him accordingly.
Let’s get to some basics before we zero in on ways to improve your child’s handwriting skills.
Why Is Good Handwriting Important?
With mobiles, tablets, and laptops becoming increasingly popular, it is quite natural to think if handwriting is still worth it. The boom in digital education with the advent of the pandemic is yet another reason to feel the same. Recent studies have shown that the new study habits have adversely affected the handwriting skills of children. So, it is unwise to neglect your child’s handwriting.
Handwriting aids your child to master hand-eye-brain coordination. It fine-tunes your child’s fine and gross motor skills. It also helps them think, form ideas cohesively, and memorise things they learn. Skipping on this important skill and depending on digital devices to make them learn writing can rob your child of holistic development.
Why Does Your Child Have Poor Handwriting?
It is important to know the reasons why your child is having poor handwriting to help him fix it. Even though it is unfair to expect perfect strokes of writing, highly illegible handwriting definitely needs some attention.
A child can have poor handwriting if he has trouble finding the right grasp, right posture, the proper way of forming letters, the correct size of letters, and right spacing. Sometimes, even the pencil your child uses can affect his handwriting. As parents, it is essential to identify your child’s weak areas to work on them.
7 Actionable Ways to Improve Your Child’s Handwriting
Now that you’re all geared up to bring that desired change in your kid’s handwriting, here are some ways to do it:
Have some patience because Rome wasn’t built in a day. Your child is young and he’s trying out something challenging. If he shows a dislike for writing, don’t consider it his laziness. Instead, make him understand why handwriting matters and show him your support by practicing with him.
Encourage your kid by cheering up for his little wins. Compliment him when he makes the right strokes, forms letters properly, or holds the pencil the right way. A healthy encouraging environment can bring wonders to your child.
Schedule a writing time and always encourage your kid to write during this time. When he starts writing at the same time every day, he’ll slowly get used to writing. And since more practice means more perfection, he’ll slowly develop the handwriting you wish your child had in the first place!
Make your child practice any other fine motor activity regularly before he writes. These activities enhance the fine motor skills of your child and prepare him to write better. Stringing beads, playing with building blocks, making shapes out of playdough or chapati dough, and folding clothes or papers are some of the activities that can be included.
Include some shoulder exercises during the scheduled writing time to strengthen the shoulder muscles of your kid. It also hones his gross motor skills. Practicing these exercises is a great way to make the learning process interesting and effective.
Some of the shoulder exercises you can make your child do include wall pushups, leopard crawls, hand pushups, and chair pushups. It is always best to demonstrate it to them to avoid any cases of ineffective positioning. You can also make your child watch videos of these exercises on the web and ask him to imitate if you’re unfit to do it along with them.
Kids learn best when they don’t realize that they’re learning. There’s no compulsion to begin your kid’s writing journey with a pencil and paper. If your child is between the age of 3 and 4, then start their writing journey with crayons. Once they get used to crayons, gradually shift to pencils. The vibrant colours of crayons attract kids and hence they’ll be more enthusiastic to practice writing.
Tracing letters on sand or air, writing
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line that represents where structures can be built up to, as long as the FLSNV setback is met. The line is placed generally in reference to adjacent structures.
The primary advantage for development line beach communities is that they no longer have to demonstrate a long-term beach nourishment plan. For oceanfront owners, it’s not being limited to a 2,500-square-foot maximum size.
Beach communities all up and down our coast are now looking into whether they should adopt a development line. Before you buy a beach-front property, we recommend you check the status of this issue as part of your due diligence. If you are selling, make sure you don’t make any representations or warranties unintentionally or inadvertently. The rules on beachfront development are much like that sandcastle your kids (or grandkids) are building … always moving and subject to change!
Geoff Losee can be reached by visiting www.rountreelosee.com, by email at [email protected] or by calling (910) 763-3404. Rountree Losee LLP has provided a full range of legal services to individuals, families and businesses in North Carolina for over 110 years. As well-recognized leaders in each of the areas in which they practice, the attorneys of Rountree Losee provide clients a wealth of knowledge and experience. In their commitment to provide the highest quality legal service, they handle a wide range of legal issues with creativity, sensitivity and foresight.
Johanna Cano - Jun 14, 2019
Vicky Janowski - Jun 14, 2019
Christina Haley O'Neal - Jun 14, 2019
Jenny Callison - Jun 14, 2019
New Hanover Regional Medical Center was recognized for its patient experience through the Healthgrades 2019 Outstanding Patient Experience A...
With its proximity to the Cape Fear River and customer markets, the Wilmington area provides an essential location for National Gypsum, a gy...
From power cords to nuclear fuel, manufacturing companies across the Cape Fear region are making a wide range of products. Here’s a recap of...<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Eksik salatalık nedir?
Herkesin bahçede genellikle salatalığı vardır; iyi büyürler, sanki kendileri gibi görünüyorlar. Bununla birlikte, bazen salatalıkların bazen bir şekilde farklı hale geldiği görülür - gevrek, kavisli değil, çeşitlilik için alışılmadık bir renge sahip olur, aniden yumuşar veya çok yavaş gelişir. Bugün salatalıklarda istenmeyen değişikliklerin nedenleri, gerçekten neyin eksik olduğu ve durumu nasıl düzeltebileceği hakkında konuşalım.
İçerik:
- Salatalık İçin Temel Beslenme
- Salatalıkları besin eksikliklerinden koruyun
- Salatalık beslemenin bazı özellikleri
Salatalık için Temel Beslenme
Salatalıkların, istisnasız, klorun salatalığa tahammül etmemesi dışında, besin maddelerine ihtiyacı vardır, bu nedenle klor içeren gübreler altına uygulanmamalı ve bu elementin fazla olduğu topraklarda salatalık yetiştirilmemelidir.
Azot
Azot, tüm bitkiler ve elbette salatalık için tam anlamıyla gerekli olan bileşendir. Azot sayesinde, bitkiler hızla büyür, bitkisel kütleyi arttırır, bu nedenle azotun salatalık gelişiminin erken bir aşamasında zaten yerinde olması en iyisidir. Bu sayede, tam fotosentez için gerekli olan yer üstü kütlesi oluşur.
Salatalıklara azot pansumanlarının sahaya fidan dikilmesinden birkaç gün sonra tam anlamıyla izin verilmesine izin verilir ve daha sonra yeni bir yerde haklı olduklarından bir hafta sonra uygulamayı tekrarlayın. Ne dozları? Kelimenin tam anlamıyla, ekim sırasında delikte bir çay kaşığı üre ucunda, nemli toprakla iyice karıştırılır. Dikimden bir hafta sonra, bir çay kaşığı üre'yi bir kova suya eritin ve bu miktarda alanın bir metrekaresini dökün.
Ancak aşırı miktarda azot getirmek - yani üçüncü bir üst pansuman, dördüncü ve benzeri yapmaya değmez, bu salatalık bitkileri üzerinde son derece olumsuz bir etkiye sahip olacak, sadece bitkisel kütlenin hacmini mahsulün zararına kadar artıracak ve artıracaklardır. Bir salatalık bitkisinin yapraklarını değiştirerek zaten azot tüketmesinin yeterli olduğunu öğrenebilirsiniz - koyu yeşile dönerler. Ne yapılabilir? Kuru ise, o zaman salatalık bitkilerini her gün sulayın, azotu kök sistemi için toprağın daha derin ve erişilebilir olmayan katmanlarına yıkamayı deneyin.
Azotun salatalığın meyvelerinde birikebileceğini unutmayın, bu nedenle, ilk yumurtalıklar ortaya çıkar çıkmaz salatalıkları azotla beslemeyi bırakmak daha iyidir.
Ancak, azotun fazlalığına ek olarak, bitki büyüme aktivitesinde bir azalma, yaprak boyutunda bir azalma, yaprak renginde normalden açık yeşil veya hatta açık sarıya bir değişiklik, bitki üzerindeki salatalık yumurtalık sayısında keskin bir azalma ve eğer meyveler yumurtalıklardan gelişirse, çok küçük, çirkin olacaktır.
Doğal olarak, salatalıklarda benzer bir şey fark ederseniz, o zaman kök altında (toprağı gevşettikten sonra, her bitkinin altında suda çözülmüş 5-7 g üre dökün) veya bitkileri (aynı miktarda) spreylemek için kesinlikle azot içeren gübreler uygulamalısınız. ancak bir kova su üzerinde, üst pansumandan sonra), böylece mümkün olan en kısa sürede besin bitkilerin dokularına girer.
Fosfor
Fosfor gezegenimizde önemli bir elementtir, salatalık da dahil olmak üzere sebze bitkileri de dahil olmak üzere birçok bitki tarafından gereklidir. Bu bitkide, bu element köklerin büyümesinden ve gelişmesinden sorumludur: toprakta az fosfor varsa, kök sistemi iyi gelişmez ve topraktan diğer yararlı elementleri ememez ve bu da bitki bağışıklığının kaybına ve tükenmesine neden olur.
Ana şey, fosforun salatalık gelişiminin herhangi bir aşamasına müdahale etmeyeceğini bilmek, bu nedenle, salatalık fideleri ekerken, toprakla önceden karıştırılmış ve toprakla nemlendirilmiş (yarım çay kaşığı fosfor) deliklere bile yerleştirilir. Fosfor, kitle çiçeklenme döneminde ve yumurtalık oluşumu sırasında salatalık için önemlidir ve gereklidir - bu dönemlerde salatalık için önemli olan, süperfosfat kullanmak, metrekare başına 8-12 g harcamak oldukça mümkündür.
Fosfor eksikliği, salatalık yapraklarının rengini mavimsi veya hatta kırmızıya değiştirmesine neden olur, yeni yapraklar eskilerinden çok daha küçük olur, sürgün büyümesi pratik olarak durur, yumurtalık sayısı azalır, olgunlaşma işlemleri yavaşlar. Yaprak üst pansumanın acil bir ihtiyacı vardır, önce bir çay kaşığı süperfosfat kaynar suda (biraz kaynar su), daha sonra bir kova su içinde, sprey şişesini doldurun ve bitkileri iyice işleyin.
Pek çoğunun bilmediği ilginç bir gerçek: salatalık normal toprakta nadiren fosfor eksikliğinden muzdariptir, aşırı fakir ve artan asitlik seviyesine sahip topraklarda bu elementin eksikliğini yaşayabilirler.
Ancak fazla fosforlu salatalıklara ne olur: yan sürgünlerin büyümesinin hızlandırılması aynı anda maruz kalmalarıyla başlar, yapraklar açık sarı olur, bazen üzerlerinde nekrotik lekeler bile görülebilir ve ayrıca nem eksikliği varsa, bitkiler turgor kaybetmeye başlar ve kalmamak. Aynı zamanda kurtuluş - aktif sulama.
Aşırı miktarda fosforun çözülemeyeceğini unutmayın - çok fazla ekleyerek, daha az tehlikeli olmayan bitkiler tarafından potasyum tüketme yeteneğini engeller. Burada dikkatli olmalısın.
Potasyum
Bu arada, potasyum hakkında: bu element sayesinde, besinler kök sisteminden meyve ve yapraklara serbestçe akar ve bu hasat süresini daha yakın hale getirir. Bu göz önüne alındığında, potasyumun salatalık bitkileri için mevcut formlara dönüşmesi için, ayda bir kez uygulanmalıdır (1 m'de bir çay kaşığı potasyum sülfat2) ve daha sonra bir hafta sonra tekrar ilave edildi (1 m başına 10 l su başına 12 g miktarında potasyum sülfat2) Bahçıvanlar, potasyum içermeyen bir salatalığın normal varlığının basitçe yapılamayacağını savunuyor.
Toprakta yeterli potasyum varsa, salatalık genellikle gevrek, lezzetli, sulu ve kültürün kendisi bağışıklığı arttırdı.
Toprakta az potasyum varsa, yapraklar koyulaşır, kirpikler aşırı derecede uzun olur, minimum yumurtalık formları, yapraklarda sarımsı bir sınır görünebilir ve salatalıklar kesinlikle acı olacaktır. Acil bir yaprak üst pansuman yardımcı olacaktır - 16 g potasyum sülfat bir kova suda çözülür ve potasyum açlık belirtileri tamamen ortadan kalkana kadar bitkilere püskürtülür.
Ancak fazla potasyum iyi boyanmaz - yapraklar soluklaşır, bitkiler yavaşlar, düğümler arasındaki mesafe uzar ve yaprağın yüzeyinde bir tür mozaik görünebilir. Aşırı potasyum, garip görünmediğinden, salatalık yapraklarının erken bozulmasına neden olabilir.
Aşırı miktarda potasyum salatalığa çok olumsuz yansır, çünkü başka bir önemli elementin bitkilere akmasını engeller - azot ve bunun olmaması, salatalığın büyümesinde ve gelişmesinde bir engel oluşturur. Bundan kaçınmak için, bitkileri amonyum nitrat ile tedavi etmeye çalışabilir, bitkileri püskürterek 12 litre suda 12 g seyreltebilirsiniz.
Ancak salatalık için sadece azot, fosfor ve potasyum değil, eser elementler de rol oynar ve bazen dikkate değerdir.
Bor
Örneğin, bor eksikliği ile, salatalık yapraklarında sarı bir saçak görülür, çiçekler ve yumurtalıklar önemsizdir ve oluşan meyvelerde hafif klorotik şeritler ortaya çıkar. Genellikle bor eksikliği ile meyveler güçlü bir şekilde bükülür, ancak fazlalığı ile yaprakların kenarları aktif olarak kurumaya başlar, kıvrılır ve bir paraşüt kanopisi haline gelir.
Magnezyum
Magnezyum eksikliğinin ilk belirtileri salatalığı düzensiz renkli bir tabaka şeklinde etkiler: üzerinde hem normal renk hem de tamamen klorotik odakları görebilirsiniz. Aşırı magnezyum da iyi boyanmaz - yapraklar çok karanlık ve kıvrılır.
Manganez
Manganez eksikliği, salatalıkların damarları ve yaprakları şişip koyu yeşile dönerse ve yaprağın kendisi klorotik görünürse ortaya çıkar. Aşırı manganez de bir sorundur, yaprak damarları kırmızıya döner ve aralarındaki boşluk kahverengi lekelerle kaplıdır. Çok fazla manganez varsa, bitki zehirlenir ve çok hızlı bir şekilde ölebilir.
Kalsiyum
Kalsiyum ayrıca salatalık için önemli bir elementtir; salatalıktaki kalsiyum eksikliği, yaprağın kenarı etrafındaki kuru, sarımsı bir kenarlıkla fark edilebilir. En ilginç şey, bu arka plana karşı tabakanın kendisinin neredeyse tamamen beyaz olması, turgordan yoksun ve kıvrılmış olmasıdır.
Çok miktarda kalsiyum ile, yapraklarda açıkça görülebilen, yuvarlak lekeler şeklinde kendini gösteren kloroz başlar. Bu, salatalığın manganez ve boru emememesi gerçeğinden kaynaklanmaktadır.
Salatalıkları besin eksikliklerinden koruyun
Önleyici bir önlem olarak, ayda yaklaşık bir kez, salatalık altına odun külü ekleyebilirsiniz - 1 m başına 200 g2İçinde bitkiler tarafından iyi sindirilen potas ve eser elementlerin% 5'ine kadar.
Borik asit bor eksikliğini telafi eder, çiçeklenme döneminde en iyi salatalık ile tedavi edilir, böylece meyve ayarını da artıracaksınız. Bor yeterli değildir - sıradan borik asit, litre su başına 0.2 g'dan fazla değildir ve bitkilere bu miktardan püskürtücüden mümkün olduğunca iyice püskürtülmesi gerekir.
Salatalıkların kalimagnezi ile magnezyum ile zenginleştirilmesi - bir sezonda iki kez izin verilebilir hale getirilmesi mümkündür - nakilden birkaç hafta sonra ve ilk uygulamadan bir ay sonra. Metrekare başına yeterli 10-12 g Kalimagnesia.
Kalimagnesinin yerine, dolomit unu veya odun kurumu kullanmak oldukça mümkündür; salatalık için bir metrekarelik toprak için, her ikisine de 50 g miktarında ihtiyaç duyarlar.
Nerede manganez alacağınızı merak ediyorsanız, bir çözüm var - sıradan potasyum permanganatın zayıf, kelimenin tam anlamıyla açık pembemsi bir çözeltisini alın ve seyreltin.
Kalsiyum - ikincisine kalsiyum karbonat ile zenginleştirilerek toprağa sokulabilir, metrekare başına sadece 0,5 g gereklidir. Bu arada, sıradan tebeşir, dolomit unu veya odun külü bu element açısından zengindir.
Çok fazla kalsiyum ve yumurta kabuğunda. Asıl mesele, kalsiyumun gerçekten orada korunması, yumurtaların kaynatılması gerekmiyor, kırılmaları gerekiyor, kabuk bir kahve öğütücüsünde toz haline getirilmeli ve ezilmelidir - daha ince daha iyidir. Burada bu formda, metrekare başına yarım çay kaşığı harcayarak yapabilirsiniz. Bu arada, fide dikerken yarım çay kaşığı kabuk bir deliğe koyabilir ve daha önce gevşemiş bir toprağa bir hafta içinde başka bir çay kaşığı dökebilirsiniz.
Salatalık beslemenin bazı özellikleri
Çiçeklenme döneminde borik asit tedavisi - püskürtme uygundur. Bir kova suda 0.2 g borik asit gerekir ve tüm çiçekleri bu solüsyonla iyice püskürtün. Bundan birkaç gün sonra, su içinde çözülmüş potasyum sülfat ve metre kare başına bir çay kaşığı ve aynı hacimde süperfosfat miktarında, daha önce kaynar suda çözülmüş olarak ilave edilir.
Nitroammophos'a gelince, birçok bahçıvan tüm mevsimi kelimenin tam anlamıyla bir çay kaşığı ucuna getirir, suda çözer ve bitkinin bu kompozisyonunu bütün mevsim akşam spreyler, genellikle kötü bir şey olmaz.
Mevsim başına üç veya dört zorunlu salatalık beslemesi yapmak önemlidir, daha fazlası mümkündür, ancak buna acil bir ihtiyaç yoktur. Bitkileri daha sık sulamak, toprağı gevşetmek ve yabani otlarla savaşmak daha iyidir.
Sonuç Tüm canlılar gibi, salatalıkların yiyeceklere ihtiyacı vardır, ayrıca dengeli ve tercihen çeşitlidir. Salatalıkları aynı gübrelerle doldurmayın, büyük dozlarda azotlu gübreler kullanmayın, daha doğal gübreler kullanmaya çalışmayın - örneğin, yabani otlar, odun külü, birkaç gün fermente edilmiş kurum ve daha sonra bitkileriniz yüksek ve en önemlisi faydalı olacaktır!<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>How to Write a Speech
When it comes to public speaking – in the student’s case, giving a speech to a classroom of their peers and their instructor – one’s success lies in preparation. Which means that delivering a good speech ultimately depends on the writing a speech. After all, a speech is like a spoken essay.
Some people are natural-born public speakers who can entertain an entire room without a second of planning; however, the student in higher education who is to give a speech (who is also most likely a novice public speaker) should follow these 10 speech writing steps.
10 Speech Writing Steps
1. Plan the speech according to the occasion. The student required to give a speech will probably be speaking in an academic setting, where a serious, informative or persuasive tone will serve them best. Most times, the student will be given a time limit, which should be strictly followed.
2. Recognize the theme/message or purpose of the speech. This will help the student identify which direction they are going to take in the writing/planning/researching of the speech, helping them develop a sort of formula to achieve that purpose.
3. Be creative with the speech’s introduction. Once the student knows what they are going to say, they should consider a brief, interesting way to get their audience’s attention – whether with a joke, an interesting anecdote, famous quote, even a thought-provoking question.
4. Learn how to write a speech outline. This helps the student visualize all the points they need to cover in their speech.
5. Expand on the points in the speech outline. If they’re given a speech in a persuasive manner, they will need a solid thesis statement defended by strong evidence to support their argument. If giving an informative speech for an assignment, the student should incorporate solid, research-based information. In either case, the student must center their speech on the theme, issue, or subject they are discussing, arguing, or analyzing.
6. Incorporate transitional phrases to cover various points. Words like “First of all,” “Secondly,” “Next
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için davet edildiği komşu Siyanis köyüne taşındılar. Babası vazifesinin altıncı ayında vefat edince dedesi yanına aldı. Dedesi onu okutmak için alim ve tasavvuf ehli olan Muhammed Ziyaüddin Nurşini Efendinin ders halkasına gönderdi. Bu sırada sekiz yaşında bulunan Abdülhakim Hüseyni 14 yaşına kadar bu zattan ilim öğrendi. Hocası Nurşin'e taşınınca başka medreselerde ilim tahsiline devam etti. Daha ilmini tamamlayıp icazet almadan medreseler ve tekkeler kapatılınca Siyanis'e döndü. Komşu Taruni köyüne hem imamlık hem de talebe okutmak üzere davet edildi. Burada pekçok talebe yetiştirdi. Bu sırada hocası Muhammed Ziyaüddin Nurşini vefat etti. Abdülhakim Efendi hem ilmini tamamlamak, hem de tasavvufda ilerlemek için Muhammed Ziyaüddin Nurşini'nin talebelerinden Suriye'nin Hazne köyünde bulunan Şeyh Ahmed Haznevi'ye intisab etti. Onun sohbetlerinde bulundu. Daha sonra tekrar memleketine döndü. Fakat 14 sene müddetle gidip gelerek ilmini ve tasavvufdaki derecesini artırdı. Hocasından 34 yaşındayken ilim öğretmek üzere, 36 yaşındayken irşad için icazet aldı. Memleketine dönerek köyünde ve çevresindeki diğer kasabalarda İslam dininin emir ve yasaklarını anlatmaya başladı. Hep aynı yerde kalmayıp, ikametgahını devamlı olarak değiştirdi. Taruni ve Bilvanis köylerinden sonra Bitlis'in Narlıdere nahiyesine, oradan da Siirt'in Kozluk kazasına bağlı Gadiri köyüne yerleşti. Oradan da Şehiri'ye gelen Abdülhakim Hüseyni Efendi son olarak Adıyaman ilinin Kahta kazasına bağlı Menzil köyüne geldi. Bir yıl kadar kaldığı Menzil'de hastalandı. Tedavi için önce Diyarbakır'a, oradan da Ankara'ya gitti. Ankara'da yapılan ameliyattan sonra 25 Mayıs 1972 (H.1392)de vefat etti. Cenazesi Adıyaman'ın Kahta ilçesine bağlı Menzil köyüne götürülerek defnedildi.
Ömrü boyunca ilim öğrenmek ve öğretmekle meşgul olan Abdülhakim Hüseyni Efendi insanların imanlarını kurtarmaları için çalıştı. "Eskiden insanlar yıllarca gezer, kendilerine mürşid ararlardı. Şimdiki mürşidler kapı kapı dolaşıp Müslümanları imanlarının kurtulması için çağırıyor." sözüyle bunu ifade etmiştir.
Abdülhakim Hüseyni Efendi kendisine sorulan bazı suallere şöyle cevap vermişti:
İhlas nedir? sualine; "İhlas, illet ve gaye olmaksızın yalnız Allah için günahı terk etmek ve emirleri yerine getirmektir. Yani var gücünü Allah'ın emrine safr etmektir."
Teveccüh nedir? sualine; "Teveccüh, insanın kalben Allahü tealaya yönelmesidir."
Zahiri ve batıni darbelere nasıl dikkat ederiz? sualine; "Açık ve gizli edebleri, Allah'ın emirlerini yerine getirmek, abdestli olmak, hasbelbeşer (insanlık icabı) bir günah olursa, hemen tövbeyi geciktirmemek, Selef-i Salihin'in eserlerini okumak, öğrendiğimiz İslami bilgileri bilfiil tatbik etmekle gözetiriz. Batıni edepleri gözetmek ise bu zamanda çok zordur. Kalbi masivadan temizlemekle mümkün olur."
Abdülhakim Hüseyni Efendi vefat ettikten sonra oğlu Muhammed Raşid Efendi yolunu devam ettirmektedir.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Dead Sea salts belong to the category of minerals that are formed at sea. As far as the earth's crust is concerned, it is a mixture of calcium carbonate, potassium chloride and sodium chloride. Most of the salts in the seawater have been dissolved in water and are found on its outer surface. It is the magnesium content in the seawater that is of great interest. They are rich in sulphur, sodium and Potassium.
Dead Sea salts differ from the oceanic salts in their chemical makeup. The minerals of the seawater vary considerably from oceanic salt because of the great variations in the concentration of dissolved minerals. While calcium carbonate is present in a slight amount, it is absent or practically not present in the latter. Sodium chloride is present in very small quantity, together with a large amount of magnesium. These two minerals combine to form approximately seventy percent of the minerals found in the Dead Sea salts. Because of this great similarity in composition, many people believed that they to be one and the same thing.
One of the most famous medicinal uses of the Dead Sea salts is its use as an anti-inflammatory. According to many physicians and health care experts, it is one of the best known natural supplements that can fight against inflammation and heal wounds. However, its effects are not limited to healing. There are other advantages of using the dead sea salt as a part of your daily skin care routine.
Psoriasis is one of the many skin conditions that respond well to the use of the Dead Sea salt in any skin care routine. It is the salt content in the water that makes it effective against skin inflammation. The dead sea salts have properties that make it more relaxing for the skin. As a result, there are less inflammation and swelling with psoriasis. In addition, it has properties that enable the skin to repair itself faster than before.
Salt is an essential mineral for proper nerve and cardiovascular function. Research indicates that the concentration of sodium and chloride in these salts is similar to what you would find naturally in your body. Therefore, when these minerals are absorbed by the body, it increases the overall sodium balance in the bloodstream. This then helps to normalize the blood pressure, lower high blood pressure and reduce the risk of hypertension. Therefore, you will be able to control your blood pressure and reduce the risk of a heart attack or stroke.
Another way that the mineral can help to maintain a healthy heart is by lowering the level of sodium chloride in your blood. Sodium chloride is often used as a table salt, because of its high sodium content. However, taking a salt bath with a Dead Sea salt supplement can be even more beneficial. Because it contains so much sodium chloride, taking a salt bath regularly will flush out all the sodium from your system, which will leave you feeling healthier without the need to buy table salt.
Many people are wary of taking supplements, mainly because of the bad press that has been given to mineral supplements lately. However, a Dead Sea salt supplement actually contains some essential minerals that have been proven to be beneficial. These include calcium, magnesium, potassium, iron, zinc, manganese and selenium, just to name a few. As well, many of these minerals are found naturally in seawater and in plants, which means that taking a Dead Sea salt supplement is a healthy and natural way to obtain them.
Although mineral salts are not considered to be a drug since they are classified as substances that are needed in order to live, there are many who do use these salts as a natural medication. For example, a major component of the Dead Sea mineral salt is sodium chloride, which is known to help lower blood pressure and relieve pain. Other uses include treating arthritis, inflammation of the heart, asthma, high blood pressure and curing cancer.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Safeguards measure is an emergency measure in the event of increased imports of a particular product, when such imports have caused or threaten to cause serious injury to the domestic industry of the importing country.
It is a temporary measure designed to curb imports and facilitate adjustment of particular industry to be more competitive.
Safeguards measure can take the form of quantitative restrictions or tariff above the bound level.
The following three criteria must be demonstrated in order to impose safeguards measure:
- Surge of imports, relative or absolute;
- The domestic industry producing the like product in the importing country is suffering serious injury or threat thereof; and
- There is a causal link between the surge of imports and the serious injury
Safeguards must be applied on non-selective basis. The measure must be progressively liberalized during the period of application.
The WTO Agreement on Safeguards contains detailed procedural requirements on a number of issues, which are applicable at different stages of the safeguard proceeding. For further information, kindly log on to www.wto.org
Need more assistance or information?
If you would like to know more about dumping and subsidy matters, you are welcome to contact the Trade Practices Section:
Trade Practices Section
Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI)
9th Floor, Menara MITI, No. 7,
Jalan Sultan Haji Ahmad Shah,
50480 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Email : [email protected]
Facsimile : 03 - 62114429
Last Updated 2021-08-25 16:21:06 by Fauziah Osman<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>These projects were funded by the Five Nations and were presented at the 2020 conference in Belfast.
Project Name: Plastic Pollution... We are the Solution! Project Lead: Katie Shearer, Principal Teacher, St. Eunan's Primary School
Project Overview and Aims: -To develop in pupils an awareness of environmental issues both locally and globally. -To enable pupils to think critically, discuss and debate the issues around pollution, environmental issues and stewardship. -To empower pupils, equipping them with the skills to become Stewards of the World. -To enable pupils to become active citizens in their local community. -To nurture political literacy in pupils. -To increase self confidence in pupils and their sense of being able to contribute positively in their community and wider society.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Per l'economista francese, che ha da poco pubblicato un poderoso tomo dal titolo Capitale e ideologia, «l'aumento delle disuguaglianze socio-economiche è il problema fondamentale da affrontare». Per questo, sarà molto difficile prendere in considerazione soluzioni ad altre grandi sfide, a partire da quelle climatiche e migratorie, se non proviamo a «ridurre le disuguaglianze e costruire una società più equa»
Pensiamo a Davos, sede del World Economic Forum. Il luogo del "potere invisibile" non è più invisibile da tempo. Ma, oggi, è anche meno imperturbabile se è vero - ed è vero, lo ricorda Véronique Crochon su Le Monde - che il dibattito sull'opportunità di tassare i grandi capitali ha fatto breccia persino tra i miliardari e gli executive delle granitiche Alpi svizzere.
In una conferenza del 23 gennaio scorso, il multimiliardario Michael Dell, amministratore delegato dell'omonimo gigante della tecnologia, ha rispedito al mittente la proposta di Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez: tassare con un'aliquota d'imposta marginale del 70% sugli americani più ricchi? No, grazie. Ogni tassazione, avrebbe effetti castastrofici - ha sostenuto Dell. Normale routine e tutti d'accordo? Non proprio.
Le parole di Dell, per il solo fatto di essere state pronunciate in quella sede, a molti sono sembrate "fessure nella Grande Muraglia". Quando capita, presto o tardi anche le barriere più solide si sgretolano. Tanto più che, replicando a Dell nel corso dello stesso panel, Erik Brynjolfsson, economista della MIT Sloan School of Management, si è preso la briga di riscaldare l'ambiente, ricordando come tra gli anni '30 e gli anni '60, l'aliquota fiscale media negli USA si avvicinasse al 70% e, soprattutto, coincidesse con «un buon momento per la crescita economica». Non proprio una catastrofe, dunque.
Mentre il dibattito sulla tassazione delle ricchezze cresce, soprattutto negli USA, cresce esponenzialmente anche il divario tra gli ultra-ricchi e il resto della popolazione. Lo spiega Thomas Piketty, nel suo ultimo libro Capital et idéologie, (1232 pagine, euro 25) nelle librerie d'Oltralpe per le edizioni Seuil.
L'autore del Capitale nel XXI secolo - testo di enorme successo, anche tra i non specialisti, nel quale l'economista francese, elaborando una mole di dati prima sconosciuta, ha modificato profondamente il dibattito sul rapporto tra ricchezza e ineguaglianza - pone un problema radicale e semplice. O, forse, radicale proprio perché esposto con semplicità: che cos'è la disuguaglianza? Scrive Piketty: «La disuguaglianza non è economica o tecnologica: è ideologica e politica». Tutto qua? Tutto qua.
In altre parole, «il mercato e la concorrenza, i profitti e i salari, il capitale e il debito, i lavoratori qualificati e non qualificati, nazionali e stranieri, ma anche i paradisi fiscali e la competitività... non esistono in quanto tali». Sono costruzioni sociali, oltre che variabili storiche, che dipendono interamente dal sistema giuridico e fiscale, dalla politica educativa» e dalla costruzione intellettuale che permette di leggerle in una chiave invece che in un'altra. Per dirla con Michel Foucault: sono conseguenze di un complessivo ordine del discorso, che dalla culla alla tomba "lavora" per rendere naturale ciò che non lo è: la disuguaglianza tra gli uomini. appunto.
Le situazioni di disuguaglianza materiale derivano dunque per Piketty dalle «rappresentazioni che ogni società si dà e dall'impegno che ci mette per operare o meno a favore della giustizia sociale e dell'economia equa». Le disuguaglianze, spiega inoltre Piketty nelle oltre milleduecento pagine del suo lavoro, sono relazioni. Relazioni di potere ideologico-politico tra diversi gruppi. La copertura ideologica assicura ai pochi una possibilità di governance e azzera le possibilità di governo per i molti. Insomma, la democrazia è messa sotto scacco non tanto dai populismi e dalla democrazie illiberali, che sono sintomi, ma dalla patologia che la segna: aver tradito un sogno di uguaglianza e parità non meramente formali.
«Il punto importante è che queste relazioni di potere - conclude Piketty- non sono solo materiali: sono anche e soprattutto intellettuali. In altre parole, le idee e le ideologie contano nella storia e ci permettono di immaginare e strutturare costantemente nuovi mondi e società diverse». Da qui lo stallo attuale, ma anche la possibilità (molto remota) di uscirne.
Toward a circular economy. It is not because a person has made a fortune at the age of 30 that they should continue to concentrate power at the age of 50, 70 or 90 years. The economy of the 21c must be based on the permanent circulation of power & wealth.https://t.co/WyzCgnBEJ4 pic.twitter.com/n7TcfMo5Qa— Thomas Piketty (@PikettyLeMonde) October 16, 2019
Torniamo a Davos e alle sue élites, meno solide di un tempo: «le élite delle diverse società, in ogni momento, e a tutte le latitudini, spesso tendono a "naturalizzare" la disuguaglianze, vale a dire cercare di dare loro una base naturale e obiettiva, per spiegare che le disparità sociali in atto sono nell'interesse dei più poveri e della società nel suo complesso, e che in ogni caso la loro attuale struttura è l'unica possibile, e nulla può essere sostanzialmente modificato senza causare immense disgrazie».
L'esperienza storica mostra però il contrario. «L'aumento delle disuguaglianze socio-economiche, osservato nell'ambito della maggior parte dei paesi e delle regioni del mondo dagli anni '80 e '90, è uno degli sviluppi strutturali più preoccupanti con i quali il mondo si confronta all'inizio del XXI secolo».
Per questo, spiega ancora Piketty, è molto difficile prendere in considerazione soluzioni ad altre grandi sfide, a partire dalle sfide climatiche e migratorie, se non mettiamo mano al problema cruciale: «bisogna ridurre le disuguaglianze e costruire una società più equa».
Nel frattempo, il mondo brucia: crescono le "rivolte senza leader", movimenti acefali, dettati dalla rabbia e dalla frustrazione di non poter uscire dalla morsa di una disuguaglianza che cresce ogni giorno di più. E ogni giorno di più, proprio perché senza testa e senza progetto, finisce per alimentarla.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Socialist Labor party
Also found in: Dictionary, Thesaurus, Wikipedia.
Socialist Labor party,in the United States, begun in 1877 by New York City socialists. Its membership came largely from German-American workingmen. During the 1880s a national organization was established and the party concentrated, unsuccessfully, on electoral politics. The depression conditions of the 1890s brought it renewed strength, and, under the leadership of Daniel De LeonDe Leon, Daniel
, 1852–1914, American socialist leader. Born on the island of Curaçao of Spanish-American parents, he was educated in Germany and the Netherlands before going (1872) to New York City. There he edited a Spanish newspaper, studied law at Columbia (LL.B.
..... Click the link for more information. , a Marxist revolutionary, it emphasized militant labor activities and organized (1896) its own union. After many members who opposed the
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prey
and his dens with torn flesh.
Behold, I am against you, declares the Lord of hosts, and I will burn your chariots in smoke, and the sword shall devour your young lions. I will cut off your prey from the earth, and the voice of your messengers shall no longer be heard.
“Like a lion coming up from Jordan’s thickets
to a rich pastureland,
I will chase Edom from its land in an instant.
Who is the chosen one I will appoint for this?
Who is like me and who can challenge me?
And what shepherd can stand against me?”
Jeremiah 49:19 NIV
I have considered until morning—
Like a lion,
So He breaks all my bones;
From day until night You make an end of me.
Can you imagine being stuck in the lion’s habitat at the zoo? Surrounded by the strongest and most deadly apex predator on the planet with no way out? What a terrifying thought!
Well, that’s where Daniel found himself one night.
Even though we think of Daniel as a hero of the faith, he was also human like us. So, he must have been scared during his visit to the lion’s den.
But there’s something fascinating about Daniel’s story. The Bible doesn’t tell us what he was doing overnight surrounded by predators. Just that he was sealed up tight inside of a lion’s den.
Then God’s Word takes us to the king and how he fared during the night.
Maybe it’s because Daniel knew he had God on his side, or maybe we’re supposed to take more away from the anxiety of the king.
Whatever the reason, God has something important to teach us in this Daniel in the lions den verse…
It pleased Darius to set over the kingdom one hundred and twenty satraps, to be over the whole kingdom; and over these, three governors, of whom Daniel was one, that the satraps might give account to them, so that the king would suffer no loss.
Finally these men said, “We will never find any basis for charges against this man Daniel unless it has something to do with the law of his God.”
Daniel 6:5 NIV
All the governors of the kingdom, the administrators and satraps, the counselors and advisors, have consulted together to establish a royal statute and to make a firm decree, that whoever petitions any god or man for thirty days, except you, O king, shall be cast into the den of lions.
Daniel 6:7 NKJV
But when Daniel learned that the law had been signed, he went home and knelt down as usual in his upstairs room, with its windows open toward Jerusalem. He prayed three times a day, just as he had always done, giving thanks to his God.
Daniel 6:10 NLT
Then these men went as a group and found Daniel praying and asking God for help.
So they went to the king and spoke to him about his royal decree: “Did you not publish a decree that during the next thirty days anyone who prays to any god or human being except to you, Your Majesty, would be thrown into the lions’ den?” The king answered, “The decree stands—in accordance with the law of the Medes and Persians, which cannot be repealed.”
Daniel 6:12 NIV
A stone was brought and placed over the mouth of the den, and the king sealed it with his own signet ring and with the rings of his nobles, so that Daniel’s situation might not be changed.
Daniel 6:17 NIV
At the first light of dawn, the king got up and hurried to the lions’ den.
Daniel 6:19 NIV
And when he came to the den, he cried with a lamentable voice unto Daniel: and the king spake and said to Daniel, O Daniel, servant of the living God, is thy God, whom thou servest continually, able to deliver thee from the lions?
Daniel 6:20 King James Version
And the king commanded, and those men who had maliciously accused Daniel were brought and cast into the den of lions—they, their children, and their wives. And before they reached the bottom of the den, the lions overpowered them and broke all their bones in pieces.
Daniel 6:24 ESV
Lion and Lamb Bible Verse
The image of the Lion and Lamb represents our Savior, Jesus Christ. He is the Lamb of God, the blood sacrifice for our sins. And the Lion of Judah, conquering death.
Both depictions are a reference to His work on the cross and the salvation we have in Him!
In the following the lion and the lamb scripture we see a picture of grace and tranquility.
The lion lays down with the lamb, and the Lion and Lamb gives us salvation and a way to eternity!
Let’s read on and learn more in these lion and lamb verses.
The next day he saw Jesus coming toward him, and said, “Behold, the Lamb of God, who takes away the sin of the world!
John 1:29 ESV
The wolf and the lamb shall feed together,
The lion shall eat straw like the ox,
And dust shall be the serpent’s food.
They shall not hurt nor destroy in all My holy mountain,”
Says the Lord.
But the Lord stood at my side and gave me strength, so that through me the message might be fully proclaimed and all the Gentiles might hear it. And I was delivered from the lion’s mouth.
2 Timothy 4:17 NIV
who through faith conquered kingdoms, administered justice, and gained what was promised; who shut the mouths of lions, quenched the fury of the flames, and escaped the edge of the sword; whose weakness was turned to strength; and who became powerful in battle and routed foreign armies.
Hebrews 11:33 NIV
There are three things that walk with stately stride—
no, four that strut about:
a lion, mighty among beasts,
who retreats before nothing;
Proverbs 30:30 NIV
Lord my God, I take refuge in you;
save and deliver me from all who pursue me,
or they will tear me apart like a lion
and rip me to pieces with no one to rescue me.
Psalm 7:2 NIV
But David said to Saul, “Your servant has been keeping his father’s sheep. When a lion or a bear came and carried off a sheep from the flock,I went after it, struck it and rescued the sheep from its mouth. When it turned on me, I seized it by its hair, struck it and killed it.
1 Samuel 17:34-35 NIV
Proud beasts do not set foot on it, and no lion prowls there.
Did you know that the Old Testament book of Daniel is a mirror image of the New Testament book of Revelation? And the temple built in the Old Testament is a mirror image of heaven? Pretty amazing, right?
God gave both Daniel and John a glimpse of heaven. Through their visions (and with an assist from Ezekiel and Samuel) we can see the glory awaiting us!
As we’ll read in these next scriptures, lions are represented in heaven quite a bit.
So, let’s dive into these Bible verses about lions in heaven and catch our own glimpse of the glory of God in them!
The first living creature was like a lion, the second was like an ox, the third had a face like a man, the fourth was like a flying eagle.
The first was like a lion and had eagles’ wings. Then as I looked its wings were plucked off, and it was lifted up from the ground and made to stand on two feet like a man, and the mind of a man was given to it.
Daniel 7:4 ESV
And I saw a mighty angel proclaiming in a loud voice, “Who is worthy to break the seals and open the scroll?”
Their hair was like women’s hair, and their teeth were like lions’ teeth.
Revelation 9:8 NIV
The horses and riders I saw in my vision looked like this: Their breastplates were fiery red, dark blue, and yellow as sulfur. The heads of the horses resembled the heads of lions, and out of their mouths came fire, smoke and sulfur.
The beast I saw resembled a leopard, but had feet like those of a bear and a mouth like that of a lion. The dragon gave the beast his power and his throne and great authority.
Revelation 13:2 NIV
Each had a human face in the front, the face of a lion on the right side, the face of an ox on the left side, and the face of an eagle at the back.
Ezekiel 1:10 NLT
And every one had four faces: the first face was the face of the cherub, and the second face was a human face, and the third the face of a lion, and the fourth the face of an eagle.
Ezekiel 10:14 ESV
Both the panels and the crossbars were decorated with carved lions, oxen, and cherubim. Above and below the lions and oxen were wreath decorations.
1 Kings 7:29 NLT
Samson Kills a Lion Bible Verse
The story of Samson and the lion is a testament to the power of the Holy Spirit and His strength within us.
But there’s a lesson in this scripture about lions for us too. God used this lion and a silly riddle about it to bring about His plan.
Samson went down to Timnah together with his father and mother. As they approached the vineyards of Timnah, suddenly a young lion came roaring toward him. The Spirit of the Lord came powerfully upon him so that he tore the lion apart with his bare hands as he might have torn a young goat. But he told neither his father nor his mother what he had done.
After some time, when he returned to get her, he turned aside to see the carcass of the lion. And behold, a swarm of bees and honey were in the carcass of the lion. He took some of it in his hands and went along, eating. When he came to his father and mother, he gave some to them, and they also ate. But he did not tell them that he had taken the honey out of the carcass of the lion.
Judges 14:8-9 NKJV
So the men of the city said to him on the seventh day before the sun went down:
“What is sweeter than honey?
And what is stronger than a lion?”
And he said to them:
“If you had not plowed with my heifer,
You would not have solved my riddle!”
Now when the prophet who had brought him back from the way heard it, he said, “It is the man of God who was disobedient to the word of the Lord. Therefore the Lord has delivered him to the lion, which has torn him and killed him, according to the word of the Lord which He spoke to him.”
1 Kings 13:26 NKJV
So the prophet said, “Because you have not obeyed the LORD, as soon as you leave me a lion will kill you.” And after the man went away, a lion found him and killed him.
The Bible compares the wicked to lions laying in wait for their prey to pass by. Each of these Bible Verses about Lions is a warning to be on guard against those who would seek to destroy us and turn us away from God’s plan.
like a lion in cover he lies in wait. He lies in wait to catch the helpless; he catches the helpless and drags them off in his net.
They are like a lion hungry for prey,
like a fierce lion crouching in cover.
Psalm 17:12 NIV
Break their teeth in their mouth, O God! Break out the fangs of the young lions, O Lord!
Psalm 58:6 NKJV
A lion has gone up from his thicket, a destroyer of nations has set out; he has gone out from his place to make your land a waste; your cities will be ruins without inhabitant.
A sluggard says, “There’s a lion in the road,
a fierce lion roaming the streets!”
Proverbs 26:13 NIV
The remnant of Jacob will be among the nations,
in the midst of many peoples,
like a lion among the beasts of the forest,
like a young lion among flocks of sheep,
which mauls and mangles as it goes,
and no one can rescue.
Micah 5:8 NIV
And at the beginning of their living there, they did not fear the Lord; therefore the Lord sent lions among them that were killing some of them. So they spoke to the king of Assyria, saying, “The nations whom you have taken into exile and settled in the cities of Samaria do not know the custom of the God of the land; so He has sent lions among them, and behold, they are killing them because they do not know the custom of the God of the land.”<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>With summer warmth will invariably come media coverage of massive algal blooms wreaking havoc on our waterways and much talk of phosphorus pollution. Outside of this seasonal notoriety, element 15 gets short shrift in popular culture in comparison to carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen, but it is every bit as essential to life on earth. Without phosphorus, there can be no ATP, the energy currency of the cell, and without ATP there can be no DNA, no RNA, no phospholipid membranes in cells, and no bones in your body.
So from where do your bones come? If you are from the U.S., the likely answer is Tampa.
That is where the Mosaic Company, “the world’s leading producer of concentrated phosphate”, strip mines phosphate rock from shallow deposits laid down by ancient marine sediments laid down before the time Dr. Rittmann was born. The vast majority of the phosphorus produced is used in agriculture, mostly as fertilizer but also as feed ingredients. We get our phosphorus by eating things that have ATP, DNA, RNA, and phospholipid membranes. If you ate dirt, you could get it that way too, but gross.
You may have heard about Mosaic in the news recently. Giant phosphogypsum mounds , or “stacks”, are produced as byproducts of the conversion of phosphate containing ores to phosphoric acid, and these stacks contain radioactive elements and heavy metals. Acidic process water is stored in ponds at the top of the stacks. At Mosaic’s mine in the Bone Valley outside Tampa, a sinkhole formed under such a stack, leaking slightly acidic, slightly radioactive, somewhat metal-contaminated water into Florida’s primary drinking water aquifer during an election year. People became unhappy.
And there begins the story of what I like to call the phosphorus pollution supply chain. At every step of the lifecycle of phosphorus products, pollution is generated. If it’s not at the mine, it’s at the fertilizer plant, or at the landfill, or, most notably, from the agricultural field where phosphorus fertilizer (including manure and biosolids) is applied and can be carried off-field by irrigation water and rainfall. Most of the phosphorus we use is lost to the environment, including to our lakes, rivers, and oceans, where it feeds toxic algae blooms and causes eutrophication.
“Eu” comes from the Greek word for good, which is ironic, because eutrophication essentially means that all the animals that require oxygen suffocate to death.
In the olden days, most people lived on the farms that fed them. Their food waste, human waste, and animal waste was rather efficiently recycled back to the farm in a closed loop, and so was the phosphorus within these wastes. We are far more disconnected from our farms now. Farms need to be highly efficient and centralized in the most fertile regions to meet our consumptive demands in a sustainable fashion. While obviously essential, farms—organic and conventional alike--are by far the largest destroyers of biodiversity on the planet, and if we all tried to live on farms again, they’d destroy even more.
In many ways, cities are our greenest invention, but there are costs. One of those costs is that the old biocycle has become linearized. Instead of wastes returning to their origin, they tend to be landfilled or dumped unproductively (and destructively) into the environment.
As with any complex problem, there is no silver-bullet solution to our phosphorus woes. Mines need to be more efficient at extracting it from ores. Farms need to apply it more judiciously. Animal feed operations need to manage their poop better. Food waste needs to be collected and recycled, and so on. Addressing the phosphorus challenge will take an all-hands-on-deck effort, requiring the collaboration of industry, government, the research community, and environmental watchdogs. To that end, we’ve established the Sustainable Phosphorus Alliance.
The mission of the Sustainable Phosphorus Alliance is to be North America’s central forum and advocate for the sustainable use, recovery, and recycling of phosphorus in the food system. We are a fledgling organization of 9 member organizations and a staff of 1.1, but we’ve only technically been in existence since October. Based on our European analog, the European Sustainable Phosphorus Platform, we bring together organizations (mostly companies and trade associations) from across the phosphorus value chain to network and (soon) to work on targeted projects aimed at decreasing our phosphorus pollution footprint. I’d invite you to find out more about us by checking out our website at phosphorusalliance.org.
What can you do to reduce your own phosphorus use impacts? Probably the best measure is to eat less meat. Plants get phosphorus from the soil, but aren’t 100% efficient at extracting it. Animals get phosphorus from plants and other animals, and they aren’t 100% efficient at extracting it either. These inefficiencies are multiplicative: With every link in the food chain, more phosphorus is lost. Eating plants rather than the animals that eat plants reduces the inefficient use of phosphorus. You can also stop eating altogether, but I wouldn’t advise that.
Another thing you can do is take care when applying phosphorus-containing fertilizers around your yards and gardens. Not all soils require supplemental phosphorus (the P in NPK fertilizers), and there are inexpensive soil test kits available at gardening stores for checking whether you need to apply phosphorus. (I say this without ever having used such a kit myself, but when has that stopped an academic before?) Excess phosphorus can be washed away from your yard by rains then channeled into waterways directly or into the city stormwater system, where it then has to be removed (or not) before being piped to our waterways and aquifers. It’s cheaper and more efficient to not use too much in the first place.
You can also create your own semi-closed loop by composting at home. Compost bins are cheap and easy to build and maintain, and the resulting compost is a great fertilizer for you home gardens. You’d be amazed by how many bags of trash and yard wastes are quickly converted to rich soil in the Arizona heat. As with fertilizer, apply judiciously (e.g. to self-contained gardens). If you really want to be hardcore, you can even install a composting toilet in your home. Don’t do this until you’re married, though, because no one will want to date you.
Of course, if you want to reduce our phosphorus footprint, you can also choose to study these issues and address them via your jobs, whether through academic research or industrial application or government regulation or environmental advocacy.
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often red) were worn over the shirt. A man wore a blue silk turban on his head, and often completed his costume with a dagger worn at the waist. Traditionally, nomadic Kurdish men shaved their heads and wore long moustaches. Women wore bright, colorful, heavily embroidered clothing.
Traditional dress is becoming rare. Kurds generally dress like the people of the countries where they live. In Iran, women must wear a cloth covering their hair and clothes. In Turkey, on the other hand, the government has banned women from covering their hair in universities and public jobs. Women there are required to wear more Western-style clothing. In Iraq, men wear woolen coats and vests, checkered head-scarves, and baggy pants. Women wear the Muslim-style dress, often with baggy trousers underneath. The traditional Kurdish shoe, the klash, is a soft crocheted mocassin with a flexible sole.
Bulghur (cracked wheat) used to be the staple food for Kurds. Rice is becoming more popular. The Kurdish diet includes a wide variety of fruits and vegetables. Cucumbers are especially common. In the valleys where grapes are grown, raisins and grape jam are common. Meat is only eaten on special occasions. The usual beverage is tea. Kurdish specialties include a type of wafer bread eaten for breakfast, and any kind of grain cooked in whey.
A recipe for a flatbread appears on the next page.
Note: For crispier bread, increase baking time until the bread is spotted with brown all over.
Wrap the baked bread in a clean kitchen towel to keep warm while rolling out and baking the rest of the dough. Serve warm or at room temperature. Makes 8 loaves.
Adapted from Alford, Jeffrey, and Naomi Duguid. Flatbreads & Flavors: A Baker's Atlas . New York: William Morrow & Co., 1995, p. 175–76.
Schools are not widely available. When they are, classes are not taught in Kurdish, and so many children find school too difficult and drop out. The Kurdish literacy (the ability to read and write) rate is very low. Girls often do not attend school at all. Tradition holds that they are needed at home.
Kurdish culture has a rich oral tradition. Most popular are epic poems called lawj . These often tell of adventure in love or battle.
Kurdish literature first appeared in the seventh century AD . In 1596, Sharaf Khan, Emir of Bitlis, composed a history of the Kurds in Persian called the Sharafnama . Almost one hundred years later, in 1695, a great national epic called the Memozin was written in Kurdish by Ahmed Khani.
Traditional music is played on flute, drums, and the ut-ut (similar to a guitar). The music of Sivan Perwar, a Kurdish pop music performer, was banned in Turkey and Iraq in the 1980s, so he left the region to live and work in Sweden.
Most Kurds are farmers and sheep-and goat-herders. They sell products from their flocks such as leather, goat cheese, and wool. Women make carpets and cloth to sell at market. Some Kurds grow tobacco. Turkish Kurds grow cotton. A few mountain Kurds are still nomadic herders.
In towns, Kurds work as shopkeepers, plumbers, teachers, bankers, and so on. Kurds work as unskilled laborers in large Turkish cities, as well as in Baghdad and Mosul in Iraq, and Tehran in Iran. Some urban Kurds work as bricklayers, butchers, cattle dealers, and small traders. The oil fields in Turkey and Iraq have attracted many Kurdish workers in recent times. Those Kurds who are able to go abroad find a variety of jobs and send the money back home.
Popular sports include soccer, wrestling, hunting and shooting, and cirit , a traditional sport that involves throwing a javelin while mounted on horseback. Camel-and horse-racing are popular in rural areas.
Only men go out at night. They often sit at tea houses and cafes and play backgammon or dominoes. A favorite pastime is to listen to tapes or live singers at cafes. Singers have only recently been allowed to sing publicly in Kurdish.
Carpet-weaving is by far the most significant Kurdish folk art. Other crafts are embroidery, leather-working, and metal ornamentation. Kurds are especially known for copper-working.
The greatest problem for the Kurds is the unwillingness of the nations in which they live to give them cultural independence. Kurds do not currently want an independent state. They only wish to be allowed to maintain their own language and culture.
During the Iran–Iraq War (1980–88), the government of Iraq engaged in genocide to stop the Kurds from fighting for Iran. Thousands of villages were destroyed and tens of thousands of Kurds were murdered and buried in mass graves. The Iraqi government also used nerve gas (purchased from European governments) against Kurdish civilians and Iranian troops. These horrible attacks killed thousands of civilians.
One of the worst massacres occurred in the Iraqi Kurd town of Halabja. The entire population of the town was killed. After the Persian Gulf War (1991), thousands more Kurds were forced into refugee camps. Some of these areas are now protected by the United Nations (UN).
Since 1991, the government of Turkey has attacked Kurdish civilian centers inside the UN-protected areas. Many thousands of Kurds have now fled to Iran. The government there is less hostile, but it has trouble supporting millions of refugees. To make matters worse, there is fighting even among Kurds. Two rival Kurdish groups have fought small wars over who truly represents the Kurdish people. Meanwhile, the Kurdish civilians continue to suffer.
Alford, Jeffrey, and Naomi Duguid. Flatbreads & Flavors: A Baker's Atlas . New York: William Morrow & Co., 1995.
Bulloch, John, and Harvey Morris. No Friends But the Mountains: The Tragic History of the Kurds. New York: Viking, 1992.
King, John. Kurds. New York: Thomson Learning, 1994.
Moss, Joyce, and George Wilson. Peoples of the World: The Middle East and North Africa , 1st ed. Detroit: Gale Research, 1992.
Embassy of Turkey, Washington, D.C. [Online] Available http://www.turkey.org/turkey/ , 1998.
Human Rights. The Kurds. [Online] Available http://www.humanrights.de/~kurdweb/children , 1998.
Kurds. [Online] Available http://www.itlink.se/lasse/Sol/Library/Struggle/kurds.html , 1998.
World Travel Guide, Turkey. [Online] Available http://www.wtgonline.com/country/tr/gen.html , 1998.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>from The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, 4th Edition
- n. A grave or other place of burial.
- n. A vault or chamber for burial of the dead.
- n. A monument commemorating the dead.
from Wiktionary, Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License
- n. A small building (or "vault") for the remains of the dead, with walls, a roof, and (if it is to be used for more than one corpse) a door. It may be partly or wholly in the ground (except for its entrance) in a cemetery, or it may be inside a church proper or in its crypt. Single tombs may be permanently sealed; those for families (or other groups) have doors for access whenever needed.
- v. To bury.
from the GNU version of the Collaborative International Dictionary of English
- n. A pit in which the dead body of a human being is deposited; a grave; a sepulcher.
- n. A house or vault, formed wholly or partly in the earth, with walls and a roof, for the reception of the dead.
- n. A monument erected to inclose the body and preserve the name and memory of the dead.
- transitive v. To place in a tomb; to bury; to inter; to entomb.
from The Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia
- n. An excavation in earth or rock, intended to receive the dead body of a human being; a grave; also, a chamber or vault formed wholly or partly in the earth, with walls and a roof, or wholly above ground, for the reception of the dead, whether plain, or decorated by means of architecture, sculpture, etc.; a mausoleum; a sarcophagus. See also cuts under catacomb, Lycian, and altar-tomb.
- n. A monument erected to preserve the memory of the dead; any sepulchral structure; a cenotaph.
- n. Same as altar-cavity.
- n. Figuratively, the end of earthly life; death.
- To bury; inter; intomb.
from WordNet 3.0 Copyright 2006 by Princeton University. All rights reserved.
- n. a place for the burial of a corpse (especially beneath the ground and marked by a tombstone)
Cocumella tomb at Vulci, and the Regulini Galeassi tomb_ [Footnote 1:
But when we come back, I'll tell you why there's not just one, but three locations vying for the title tomb of Jesus when we come back.
If an old priest tells you that the body in the tomb is an undead Spanish nobleman, and you happen to be a credulous cowboy, next time, believe him!
Lastly, a 3D animated narrated tour of a tomb with images and explanation of elements of the tomb is available.
And now his tomb is a place whither men resort to pray for rain and ask their requirements of
Citium pay particular honor to a certain tomb which they call the tomb of Cimon, according to Nausicrates the rhetorician, who states that in a time of famine, when the crops of their land all failed, they sent to the oracle, which commanded them not to forget Cimon, but give him the honors of a superior being.
This room, which you describe as a tomb, or an antechamber of hell, might have been an inner sanctuary, from which blessings might flow out over the whole neighbourhood.
Dr. Joann Fletcher contends that a cache of mummies found in tomb KV55 are the bodies of Nefertiti and the Dowager
The tomb is also artistically significant, as it is considered the masterpiece of the sculptor Tilman Riemenschneider, in whose workshop it was sculpted from Jura marble from 1499 to 1513.
MAJOR SPOILER/BOOKS: It just hit me, what if the vampire who turned Logan and wants to get Katherine out of the tomb is Klaus?<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>英国造船厂精神游艇的一艘33.9米长的木制游艇Spirit 111的第一张照片可供公众使用。该船配有一个大木制单桅帆船，其内部由Rhoades Young设计。 Sean McMillan创造了Spirit Yachts的外观。内部物体和装饰没有锋利的边缘，而是圆形的元素。不包括Capitan的小屋，所有小屋仅供8人入住。
精神上有电动机Torqeedo（160千瓦）和锂电池BMW i3。后者可以在使用OneSails航行时充电。最高速度为11节。
游艇材料是木质环氧树脂复合材料，框架上采用不锈钢材质。 Spirit 111将于2019年中期推出。<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>“Come astro dal divin moto ci è apparsa la tua venerata icona, o Sovrana Madre di Dio; ha fatto anche il giro della Russia e illuminato col raggio dei suoi miracoli quanti erano nella perdizione sull’oceano di questa vita, dissipando le tenebre della tristezza, dell’afflizione e della malattia, e conducendo sulla via della salvezza i fedeli che accorrono verso di te e cantano a Dio: Alleluia.”
(dal inno acatisto all’icona della Madre di Dio “Sovrana”)
L'inizio del Novecento ha segnato una serie di eventi tragici: guerre, caduta della monarchia, imposizione di un nuovo sistema politico, trasformazioni della cultura e della società. Tutto questo è stato accompagnato da manifestazioni gravi e imprevedibili di peccato umano e oscuramento spirituale. Ma anche in questo momento difficile, il Signore, per le preghiere dei suoi santi, non ha lasciato il popolo smarrito e ha dato alla nostra terra una Celeste Patrona e Interceditrice.
Il 15 marzo 1917, lo zar Nikola II lasciò il trono russo e lo stesso giorno un'icona fu trovata nel villaggio di Kolomna vicino a Mosca nella Chiesa dell'Ascensione del Signore...
Chiesa nel villaggio di Kolomna
Dal rapporto del metropolita di Mosca e Kolomna, Tikhon (Belavin) al Santo Sinodo:
"... Il 15 marzo di quest'anno, una contadina del distretto di Bronnitsky è venuta dal parroco di chiesa di Kolomna... Evdokia Andrianova, e ha raccontato i suoi due sogni, che erano: uno del 13 febbraio, in un lunedì della prima settimana della Quaresima, le fu detto: "Nel villaggio di Kolomna c'è una grande icona annerita, che bisogna prendere, pulire e riportare all'antica bellezza, in modo che si possa pregare dinanzi ad essa". Dopo aver ascoltato le parole di Andrianova, il sacerdote l'ha invitata alla chiesa, dove le sono state mostrate tutte le icone. Dopo averle esaminate, Andrianova ha chiesto se c'erano altre icone? A questa domanda il parroco ordinò al sacrestano e ad un parrocchiano che si trovava in chiesa di portare una grande icona dal seminterrato. Quando l'hanno portata, il suo viso non era visibile per il polvere che copriva l’icona. Hanno immediatamente lavato l'icona e su hanno visto un'immagine: "La Regina del Cielo, seduta sul Trono Reale, tenendo nelle sue mani uno scettro e un globo, in mantello rosso, con una corona gemmata sul capo, sulle ginocchia della Regina del Cielo siede il Divin Bambino benedicente. Andrianova, vedendo che questa icona corrispondeva pienamente ai suoi sogni, chiese immediatamente di celebrare un Moleben e da quel momento la fama dell'Icona iniziò a diffondersi tra tutti i residenti circostanti e moltissimi ricorrono all'aiuto della Regina del Cielo... "
Santa Martire Granduchessa Elisabetta
Si scoprì nel frattempo che l'icona apparteneva al Monastero femminile dell'Ascensione di Mosca, ed era stata nascosta a Kolomna nel 1812, durante l'invasione di Napoleone; successivamente ne era stata addirittura dimenticata l'esistenza, finché, in un momento particolarmente doloroso della storia del popolo russo, il Signore volle donargli con essa un segno della sua protezione e della sua sovranità irrevocabile.
Per qualche tempo l’icona è stata anche nel Convento di Marta a Maria a Mosca, dovè stata accolta solennemente dalla badessa, la Santa Martire Granduchessa Elisabetta.
Metropolita di Mosca e Kolomna Tikhon Belavin
Il metropolita Tikhon fu eletto Patriarca di Mosca. È arrivato personalmente per glorificare l'icona della Madre di Dio "Sovrana" appena apparsa. Dopo la glorificazione, il santo metropolita ha benedetto di creare l'inno acatisto a questa icona raccogliendo una parte da ogni acatisto a tutte le icone della Madre di Dio ritrovate in Russia e chiamarlo "l'acatisto degli acatisti": ”Dall’alto della tua celeste dimora, o Vergine Immacolata, dove vivi nella gloria di tuo Figlio, alla vista della miseria dei tuoi servitori per la lotta rivolta alla fede dai miscredenti, tu hai voluto rivelare a noi la tua icona Sovrana, per permettere al popolo amante di Cristo di pregare e cantare con fede a Dio: Alleluia.”
Dopo la rivoluzione del 1917, l'icona fu sequestrata e conservata nel Museo Storico Statale. Nel luglio 1990, l’Icona è tornata nella sua nativa Kolomna: l'immagine è stata collocata nella chiesa dell'icona della Madre di Dio di Kazan, dove si trova anche oggi.
L'anima credente vede un significato profondo nel trovare l'icona della Madre di Dio "Sovrana" nella Chiesa dell'Ascensione di Kolomna. L’apparizione della Icona nel giorno della caduta della monarchia russa viene interpretata come se la stessa Madre di Dio avesse assunto il compito di vigilare sui suoi figli russi e di servire loro da Regina e Sovrana in momenti tanto difficili della storia della nazione. Questo compito viene conferito dallo stesso Dio Padre raffigurato nella parte superiore dell’icona. La Madre di Dio diventa la Regina Spirituale e la Protettrice della nostra terra per sempre.
C'è una grande saggezza nel celebrare Radunitsa durante il tempo pasquale, un tempo pieno della gioia della resurrezione di Cristo. Questo giorno ci riunisce tutti insieme in Chiesa mentre condividiamo la stessa speranza di risurrezione.
Dobbiamo stare in silenzio davanti a Dio. Succede, un uomo non dice niente ad alta voce, ma dentro di lui c'è la preghiera, cioè vive dentro di sé la presenza di Dio, la sua anima è in uno stato pacifico, umile.
Come nessun altro periodo dell'anno, le settimane quaresimali si distinguono per la loro pienezza, intensità e profondità di sentimento religioso. Sono il nostro viaggio di ritorno a Dio e a noi stessi.
Individualmente e collettivamente, la nostra sfida più
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؛ الگوسازی، مرتب سازی، شمارش، اندازه گیری و مهارت رسم می باشد. گروه آموزشی ریبازی از این اسباب بازی به گونه ای استفاده می کند که حافظه دیداری کودک نیز تقویت شود و در ادامه با طراحی واژه هایی که حروف هم آوا دارند باعث تقویت دیکته کودکان می شود.
سبک ریبازی برای آموزش همزمان مفاهیم پایه ای ریاضی و تقویت حافظه دیداری
دانه های رنگی از دو تا سه رنگ مثلا زرد، قرمز و آبی، بسته به توانایی کودک به هم متصل کنید.
دانه های متصل شده را به صورت ردیفی روی یک سطحی قرار دهید.
از کودک یا دانش آموز بخواهید که آن را خوب نگاه کند.
صبر کنید تا کودک یا دانش آموز تایید کند که خوب نگاه کرده است. بعد از آن، حلقه ها را مخفی کرده و سوالاتی مشابه با سوالات زیر را از او بپرسید.
- در ساخت زنجیر از چند رنگ استفاده شده بود؟
- کدام رنگ از همه بیشتر بود؟
- تعداد دانه های زنجیر آبی رنگ چند تا بود؟
- تعداد دانه های رنگ آبی بیشتر بود یا تعداد دانه های رنگ زرد؟
- دانه اول زنجیر از سمت چپ چه رنگی بود؟
- اگر از سمت چپ دانه های زنجیر را بشماریم، دانه قرمز رنگ چندمین دانه زنجیر بود؟
- دانه های زرد و قرمز زنجیر روی هم چندتا بودند؟
در مرحله اول دانش آموز به بسیاری از سوالات فوق نمی تواند پاسخ دهد ولی در دفعات بعدی این بازی، او حواس خود را بیشتر جمع کرده و به تعداد بیشتری از این سواات پاسخ خواهد داد.
تمرین: برای تصویر زیر سوالاتی را برای دانش آموز طراحی کنید و باعث تقویت حافظه دیداری او شوید.
بعد از انجام بازیهای فوق، فعالیت زیر را برای تقویت دیکته کودکان انجام دهید.
فعالیت:
کارتهایی از کلمات را بسازید و در آن از واژه هایی استفاده کنید که حروف هم آوا دارند.
به عنوان مثال از واژه های زیر استفاده کنید:
حوله، مهین، محمود، هندوانه، مهناز
کارتها را به ترتیب از چپ به راست بچینید. برای اینکه چندین مفهوم را به کودک آموزش دهید از سوالاتی مشابه با سوالات زیر برای آموزش استفاده کنید.
- تعداد کلمات را بگویند.
- کلمات را به ترتیب (از چپ به راست) بگویند.
- اسمی را بگو که از “ح” استفاده شده بود و آن را بنویس.
- نام چه میوه ای داخل کلمات بود؟ آن را بنویس
و ……..<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Evet, saç ekimi işleminden sonra şişlik yaygın bir yan etkidir. Genellikle alında ve göz çevresinde meydana gelir ve ameliyattan sonra birkaç gün sürebilir. Bu, iyileşme sürecinin normal bir parçasıdır ve genellikle endişe edilecek bir durum değildir.
Saç ekiminden sonra şişme, işlem sırasında kafa derisinin maruz kaldığı travma nedeniyle meydana gelir. Vücudun bu travmaya verdiği doğal tepki, iyileşmeyi desteklemek için bölgeye daha fazla kan göndermektir ve bu da şişmeye neden olabilir.
Saç ekiminden sonra şişliği azaltmaya yardımcı olmak için hastalar günde birkaç kez, her seferinde 10-20 dakika boyunca alın ve göz çevresine buz paketleri veya soğuk kompres uygulayabilirler. Şişliği daha da kötüleştirebileceğinden, yorucu aktivitelerden, eğilmekten ve kan basıncını artırabilecek herhangi bir aktiviteden kaçınmak da önemlidir.
Nadir durumlarda, saç ekiminden sonra aşırı şişlik bir enfeksiyona veya alerjik reaksiyona işaret edebilir, bu nedenle şişliği izlemek ve devam ederse veya zamanla kötüleşirse klinik veya cerrahla iletişime geçmek önemlidir.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Ankara'da tüm kamu çalışanlarının mesaiye giriş çıkış saatleri değişti!
Koronavirüs salgınıyla mücadele kapsamında uygulamaya alınan kısmi kapanmada kamuda çalışanların mesaiye giriş ve çıkış saatleri de değiştirildi. İlk olarak İstanbul Valiliği tarafından yapılan açıklamada kamu çalışanlarının yeni mesai saatleri bildirilirken, Ankara Valiliği de yazılı açıklama yaparak kamu çalışanlarına yeni mesai saatlerini duyurdu.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Metals are used to construct things for which other materials like plastic or wood are not strong enough. Even in popular culture, metal is regarded as a material of infinite and limitless durability, as evidenced by common colloquial phrases like "tough as nails" or "iron-clad guarantee." But metal, like every other material, has a lifespan. Certain factors can contribute to metal fatigue, a phenomenon that can greatly diminish the strength of metal materials.
Metal fatigue is a term for structural damage suffered by metal materials when they are repeatedly subjected to stress. Manufacturers often use a technique known as cyclical loading to test the strength of metals; the process involves placing a load onto the metal, removing it and placing the same load back onto the metal repeatedly. Even though the load stays the same and even though the load is within the limits of the metal, metal fatigue is the name for the structural damage that results from repeated cyclical loading.
When a load is placed on a piece of metal, the metal expands slightly until the load is released. The expansion and contraction of the metal as loads are added and removed causes microscopic cracks to appear in the surface of the metal. As the metal is subject to more and more cyclical loading, the cracks get larger and larger, and eventually reach a critical size at which they tear the fabric of the metal. Under these conditions, the metal can completely disintegrate, again even though the load is well within the mass threshold of the metal.
De Havilland Comet Airliner
One of the most famous instances of metal fatigue occurred in 1952. The de Havilland Comet Airliner was the first commercial airliner to use jet engine technology. Barely a year into its service as a commercial airliner, many of the jets suffered accidents that later were understood to be the result of metal fatigue. Designers failed to take metal fatigue into account and the repeated stress of the jet's cabin depressurizing and repressurizing caused metal fatigue so severe that gashes would rip through the side of the plane in mid-flight.
Scientists use a figure known as ultimate tensile strength (UTS) to aid in their determination of the amount of metal fatigue a material can endure. Steel, for instance, has a UTS value of around 160,000 pounds per square inch (psi), depending on the slickness of the metal surface. The "endurance limit" -- the amount of metal fatigue steel can withstand without breaking down, is around 45 to 50 percent of UTS, or around 80,000 psi. Keep in mind that these values are highly speculative and depend on numerous factors, including the slickness of the surface of the steel and the type of steel.
Which Allergies Cause Fatigue?
If the immune system doesn't respond correctly to a foreign substance an allergy may occur. There are many different kinds of allergies...
How to Measure Tensile Strength
Tensile strength determines the breaking point of various items that are commonly used. It is measured differently for various materials such as...
How to Calculate the Fatigue Strength of Steel
Fatigue strength refers to the amount of strength of a material under cyclic loading. Fatigue is a phenomenon known to occur when...<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Austria held a parliamentary election on Sunday, September 29, 2013. An overview of the proportional representation systems used since 1945 to choose members of the lower chamber of the Austrian Parliament - the Nationalrat or National Council - is presented here.
In addition, federal- and state-level results are available here for the following National Council elections:
The Parliament of the Republic of Austria is composed of a lower house, the Nationalrat or National Council, whose members are directly elected by universal adult suffrage, and an upper house, the Bundesrat or Federal Council, whose members are appointed by the legislatures of the Länder or states of Austria. The National Council has greater legislative power than the Federal Council, which generally speaking has only limited veto powers over legislation passed by the former.
The National Council is composed of 183 members elected for a four-year term of office. Since 1920, elections to the National Council have been carried out by proportional representation, although the seat allocation procedures were modified in 1970 and in 1992.
Before 1971, the National Council had 165 seats, filled in twenty-five multi-member constituencies. Seats were allocated in each of these constituencies by the Hagenbach-Bischoff method, in which an electoral quota was calculated by dividing the total number of valid votes by the number of seats to be allocated plus one. The number of votes polled by each party was then divided by the electoral quota, and the result, disregarding fractions, was the number of mandates allocated to the party. The constituencies were then grouped into four electoral constituency unions (Wahlkreisverband), to distribute any remaining unallocated seats after the application of the Hagenbach-Bischoff rule. Remainder votes - the remainders of the division of party votes by the electoral quota - were pooled at the constituency union level along with unfilled seats, which were then allocated in each Wahlkreisverband by the largest average method, also known as the d'Hondt rule. However, the overall distribution of National Council seats was only roughly proportional to the parties' voting strength: larger parties were usually over-represented at the expense of smaller groups, and more than once the party that came in second place managed to win the largest number of seats.
In 1970, the National Council was expanded to its present size of 183 seats, and the twenty-five electoral constituencies were reduced to nine, corresponding to each one of the states of Austria; likewise, the electoral constituency unions were reduced from four to just two. For the distribution of constituency seats, the Hagenbach-Bischoff rule was replaced by the Hare method, in which the electoral quota is calculated by dividing the total number of valid votes by the number of seats to be filled; unallocated seats continued to be apportioned by the d'Hondt rule. Seat distributions in National Council elections became more proportionate, but this benefit came at the expense of large electoral constituencies: the average constituency size increased from just under seven seats to more than twenty.
The two-tier National Council electoral system was replaced in 1992 with a three-stage procedure that reintroduced smaller-sized constituencies - to foster closer links among voters and their elected representatives - without sacrificing proportionality in the distribution of seats. Under this system, which has remained in place to this day, the Länder continue to function as state constituencies, but these are in turn divided in forty-three regional constituencies. Parties submit regional, state and federal lists of candidates; electors vote for a party and may cast preferential votes for one regional list candidate and one state list candidate. A statewide electoral quota, calculated by the Hare method, is used to allocate seats at both the regional constituency and state levels; seats won by a party at the regional constituency level - direct mandates - are subtracted from its corresponding statewide seat total, and the remaining mandates come from the party's state lists. Finally, all 183 National Council seats are distributed at the federal level by the d'Hondt rule; seats won by a party at the state level are then deducted from its corresponding nationwide seat total, and the remaining mandates are allocated from the party's federal lists. Nonetheless, a party must receive at least four percent of the vote or win at least one direct mandate in order to secure representation in the National Council.
Since the end of World War II, when the victorious Allies re-established Austria as an independent polity after seven years of annexation (Anschluss) by Nazi Germany, the center-right Austrian People's Party (ÖVP) and the left-of-center Social Democratic Party of Austria (SPÖ; from 1945 to 1991 the Socialist Party of Austria) have been the country's two major political forces. From 1945 to 1966, the ÖVP and the SPÖ ruled together in a grand coalition government.
Until 1947 the ruling coalition also included the Communist Party of Austria (KPÖ). However, the KPÖ never achieved a large electoral following: by 1949, the Union of Independents (VdU) had emerged as the largest opposition group. Both the VdU and its 1956 successor, the Freedom Party of Austria (FPÖ) attracted former Nazis as well as liberals. After the State Treaty of 1955 made Austria fully sovereign (as well as neutral), and Soviet troops withdrew from the eastern part of the country, the KPÖ's fortunes declined: in 1959 it lost the few seats it held in the National Council, and in subsequent elections it gradually lost most of its remaining support. Meanwhile, the FPÖ remained the only opposition party with parliamentary representation.
Following more than two decades of grand coalition governments, the ÖVP won an absolute majority in the 1966 National Council election and formed Austria's first postwar, single-party government. However, in the 1970 election the SPÖ won the largest number of seats in the National Council and formed a minority government supported by the FPÖ. In an early election held in 1971, the Socialists gained an absolute majority in the National Council, which they held until 1983. The SPÖ, which had ruled alone since 1971, then formed a coalition government with the FPÖ, which at the time had come under the control of its liberal wing. This arrangement lasted until 1986, when the FPÖ chose Jörg Haider, an extreme-right wing nationalist, as party leader.
Since 1986 there have been a number of notable developments in Austrian politics, the most prominent of which has been the meteoric rise and fall (and subsequent resurgence) of the Freedom Party. Under the leadership of Jörg Haider, a controversial figure who once praised the employment policies of Nazi Germany, and running on an anti-immigration platform, the FPÖ increased its share of the vote in four out of five National Council elections held from 1986 to 1999, shooting up from 5.0% in 1983 to 26.9% in 1999, when it outpolled the ÖVP by the narrowest of margins and became the second-largest party in terms of votes (but not of seats: both parties tied for second place, with 52 mandates each). The success of the FPÖ was also fueled by voter discontent with the two major parties: from 1986 to 1999, the SPÖ and the ÖVP held power together once again in a succession of grand coalition governments.
The FPÖ's lurch to the right eventually led the liberal wing to break off the party and establish the Liberal Forum (LIF) in 1993. Initially, the new party enjoyed a measure of success, securing parliamentary representation in the 1994 and 1995 National Council elections. However, in 1999 the party came up just short of the four percent threshold, losing all of its seats in the process; in 2002 it fell even further behind.
Another major development in contemporary Austrian politics has been the emergence of the environmentalist-oriented Austrian Greens. In 1983, two Green parties, the United Greens of Austria (VGÖ) and the Alternative List of Austria (ALÖ), contested the election, but neither won seats in the National Council, as they ran separately and cancelled each other out. In 1986, both groups set aside their differences and ran under a joint ticket, the Green Alternative, which secured parliamentary representation. Although divisions resurfaced later on, the Greens have continued to win seats in successive National Council elections. In recent years, the party's share of the vote has almost doubled, increasing from 5.5% in 1995 to 9.5% in 2002.
After the 1999 National Council elections, the Social Democrats and the People's Party were expected to reach a new coalition agreement, but negotiations between the two parties broke down in early 2000. Then, in a surprising turn of events, the ÖVP and the rightist Freedom Party formed a coalition government, headed by People's Party leader Wolfgang Schüssel. Not surprisingly, the inclusion in government of the FPÖ - by now widely perceived as an extremist party - resulted in a storm of controversy both in Austria and beyond her borders: the other fourteen members of the European Union at the time went as far as imposing diplomatic sanctions, which were dropped later that year. As it turned out, the ÖVP emerged as the dominant coalition partner, firmly in control of the governmental agenda, while the FPÖ proved to be inexperienced, and accomplished very little.
Following a period of party strife in the FPÖ, Chancellor Schüssel broke the coalition and called an early general election, held in November 2002. In the election, the FPÖ collapsed from 26.9% to 10.0%, while the ÖVP emerged as the largest single party in the National Council for the first time since 1966. With 79 seats, the People's Party could have formed a coalition with any one of the other three parties with parliamentary representation, namely the Social Democrats (69 seats), the Freedom Party (18 seats) or the Greens (17 seats). In due course, the ÖVP renewed its coalition with a much-reduced FPÖ, and Chancellor Schüssel remained in power.
In 2005, Jörg Haider broke with the FPÖ and formed the Alliance for the Future of Austria (BZÖ), taking with him most of his old party's leadership and parliamentarians. In an unusual turn of events, the BZÖ subsequently became the ÖVP's coalition partner, replacing the FPÖ. However, in a general election held in October 2006, the ÖVP-BZÖ coalition lost its parliamentary majority, and the SPÖ scored an upset victory, narrowly outpolling Chancellor Schüssel's People's Party. After the election, Austrian President Heinz Fischer asked Social Democratic Party leader Alfred Gusenbauer to form a government, and the SPÖ entered coalition talks with the ÖVP. After nearly three months of negotiations, in January 2007 the Social Democrats and the People's Party reached an agreement to form a coalition government headed by Gusenbauer.
However, Gusenbauer's grand coalition government collapsed in July 2008 after only a year-and-a-half in office, due to policy differences between SPÖ and ÖVP on a number of issues, chiefly among them the European Union (EU). The ruling parties subsequently agreed to an early general election, which was held the following September 28. In the election, support for FPÖ and BZÖ soared - the two far-right parties polled a combined 28.2% of the vote, slightly above the Freedom Party's showing in the 1999 general election - while both the Social Democrats and the People's Party had their worst results since 1945. Nonetheless, SPÖ and ÖVP retained an overall majority in the National Council, and in November 2008 the two parties agreed once more to form a grand coalition government, headed by SPÖ leader Werner Faymann.
Copyright © 2006-2013 Manuel
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aestheticism, is a structure of exquisite beauty culminating religious belief, science and fine arts, which flowered in the golden age of Asian art.
Seokguram is located near the summit of Mt. Toham, east of the historic city of Gyeongju, which was the capital of the Silla Kingdom from 57B.C.- A.D.935. Quite remote, it is reached after an hour-long walk up a steep, winding mountain path over some four kilometers from the nearby Temple of Bulguksa.
One of Korea's most popular tourist destinations, Seokguram differs in construction from cave temples in India and China where Buddhism flourished before arriving in Korea. The cave pantheons in India and China were mostly built by digging into hillsides and carving on natural rocks. Instead, at Seokgurm, an incredible artificial cave was created using great granite stones high on the mountain some 750 meters above sea level. The unique architectural technique used to construct Seokguram is unprecedented the world over.
Highlighted by the majestic seated Buddha with a serene, all-knowing expression as the primary object of worship, Seokguram enshrines an impressive assembly of 40 different divinities embodying various aspects of Buddhist teaching. The grotto chapel has an exceptional feeling of peace and harmony resulting in an intense spiritual impression. Modern scientists studying the history of Seokguram have discovered that, aside from the incredible skill needed to handle solid granite, the Silla architects used complex mathematical equations including the geometric theories of the golden rectangle and symmetry to construct the cave temple. Seokguram is an ancient architectural marvel indeed.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>India's economic boom threatens water crisis: study
New Delhi (AFP) Aug 12, 2009
Rocketing domestic use and farm irrigation have seriously damaged India's groundwater supply, and drinking water may become scarce, according to a study released Wednesday.
The study of three states in northwest India, including the capital New Delhi, found that water was being extracted at an unsustainable rate as the region undergoes rapid economic development.
Water shortages are a growing concern in the country, with this year's monsoon so far delivering only a fraction of the rainfall needed by farmers to save their crops.
Satellite and land data between 2002 and 2008 showed that the groundwater level was being depleted by about four centimetres a year, said the report by three US scientists and published in Nature magazine.
The extraction in the states of Rajasthan, Punjab and Haryana was the equivalent to 109 cubic kilometres (26 cubic miles) of groundwater -- far more than government estimates.
"The consequences for the 114 million residents of the region may include a reduction of agriculture output and shortages of potable (drinking) water, leading to extensive economic stresses," the study's authors said.
They said population growth, irrigation and development had put pressure on water supplies across India, where groundwater management is poor, and added that shortages could trigger social conflict.
In the short-term, the government this week warned that 80 percent of the country was threatened by drought due to the weak monsoon.
India's hundreds of million farmers rely on the annual rains to soak the rock-hard earth and turn it into fertile soil.
Prime Minister Manmohan Singh moved to quash fears of hunger, saying that grain stores were adequate after two years of good harvests.
The study was conducted by Matthew Rodell of the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center in Maryland and Isabella Velicogna and James Famiglietti of the University of California.
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Water News - Science, Technology and Politics
Baghdad (AFP) Aug 11, 2009
Iraq's water minister accused Turkey on Tuesday of breaking a promise to increase water flows down the Euphrates river, saying Ankara was actually holding back on the precious commodity. He was responding to remarks by Turkey's visiting foreign minister that his country had fulfilled its promises and was considering a further hike. "Despite promises made by Turkish officials to provide ... read more
|The content herein, unless otherwise known to be public domain, are Copyright 1995-2009 - SpaceDaily. AFP and UPI Wire Stories are copyright Agence France-Presse and United Press International. ESA Portal Reports are copyright European Space Agency. All NASA sourced material is public domain. Additional copyrights may apply in whole or part to other bona fide parties. Advertising does not imply endorsement,agreement or approval of any opinions, statements or information provided by SpaceDaily on any Web page published or hosted by SpaceDaily. Privacy Statement|<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Analysis: Writing Style
Metaphors and What's Left Out
If you've read Bradbury or our learning guides about his work, you might know that he likes his metaphors and similes. (Check out the guides to Something Wicked This Way Comes and Fahrenheit 451 for more examples.) In a Bradbury story, one thing is always like another thing. For instance, in "The Veldt," the virtual sun in Africa is "like a hot paw" (66). And the lion's yellow eyes are "like the yellow of an exquisite French tapestry" (29). And… well, there are a lot of them.
These metaphors don't come out and tell us stuff directly. They hint. The sun = hot paw comment, for example, reminds us of the connection between Africa and the lions. And French tapestry-like eyes, well that makes us see the lions as something beautiful and artistic. After all, just like tapestries, these lions are essentially man-made. They are creations of the nursery, which was also made by people. George actually has a little rapturous thought along these lines when he comes into the nursery: "George Hadley was filled with admiration for the mechanical genius who had conceived this room" (28).
So the lions are artistic and beautiful creations. But what George forgets—and what we might forget too—is that lions are also deadly. Whoops. We got distracted by the metaphor and then the lions ate us.
What's Left Out
Bradbury has a hard time being a straight shooter. Sometimes, he simply refuses to give us the scoop directly, and sometimes he even leaves stuff out. If he were writing a paper for English class, he probably wouldn't get a good grade, but since he's a famous writer, we're willing to cut him some slack.
He likes to hint or make us catch up. For instance, check out the opening of the story: we hear two people talking back and forth. Who are they and where are they and when are they? Who knows? We can gather from the first line that one of them is named "George" and we know by the seventh paragraph that the other is his wife and that they are in the kitchen. But that's all we get. Bradbury leaves out a ton. We can't really answer simple questions about what these people look like or where they live or what year it is. But here's the question: why?
By leaving big blanks, Bradbury makes his story more universal. For example, we can all imagine ourselves as George because George has whatever hair we have (or don't have). So while Bradbury's gaps may be frustrating at times (especially if you're trying to picture these people in all their glory), he's leaving things out on purpose. (Plus, the guy was being paid by the word. It's not like he benefits from being succinct.)
Let's take a peek at the biggest gap of all: the end of the story. What happens to the parents? Bradbury leaves that open because, if he were to tell his readers that George and Lydia got eaten by lions, it would change a dreadful story (see "Tone") into a gory horror story. But if they don't get eaten, well then the story probably doesn't seem so bad for the parents. In other words, Bradbury wants us to imagine the parents meeting (oh, we almost wrote "meating"!) a bad end, but he doesn't want to spell it out for us because that would ruin the effect.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Appends a copy of the source string to the destination string. The terminating null character in destination is overwritten by the first character of source, and a null-character is included at the end of the new string formed by the concatenation of both in destination.
destination and source shall not overlap.
Pointer to the destination array, which should contain a C string, and be large enough to contain the concatenated resulting string.
C string to be appended. This should not overlap destination.
destination is returned.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
/* strcat example */
int main ()
strcpy (str,"these ");
strcat (str,"strings ");
strcat (str,"are ");<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Wireless cellular services originally were driven by the need for wireless speech communication. However, we are seeing more data-based services taking a major role in our lives-paging, e-mail, Internet access, electronic commerce and others. Although some services traditionally have been offered only over wireline infrastructure, the high mobility of our society requires more and more wireless access to these services.
Up to now the barrier has been the limited bandwidth of the wireless systems. To enable wireless access to these emerging services, wireless media must be able to provide a cost-effective wireless "pipe." Enter 2.5G and 3G, which are all about providing this pipe.
Those new standards have three main attributes. First is higher data rates. Essentially, 2G systems' data rates are limited by the bit rate offered by an active compressed speech channel. This yields data rates of about 14.4 kbit/second, hardly enough for these services. But 2.5G and 3G systems are targeting data rates of up to 384 kbit/s and, later, 2 Mbit/s. This requires not only changes in the air interface, but also in providing the ability to dynamically allocate multiple slots to a user that requires higher data rates.
The second attribute of the new standards is packet switching, a technique that partitions digitized voice and data into packets that can be loaded conveyor-style with other packets onto the airways. It is replacing circuit-switched techniques in which a connection between transmitter and receiver is maintained even when nothing is being sent. While today's wireless system are circuit switched-for example, a connection is established and main-
tained, no matter how much information is actually transferred-the next-generation system will be packet switched. That is, information is transferred as packets. Packet switching is better suited for data transfers and provides much better bandwidth utilization between the base-stations and the network.
The third attribute is the voice side, where there is a push toward higher speech quality. Wireless speech quality has always been inferior to that of wireline. The reason is the three-way trade-off among speech quality, compression ratio and bit rate, which translates into system capacity and implementation complexity, which translates into cost. Using the sharp cost-reduction curve in DSP technology, next-generation systems will use higher-quality vocoders, which do not increase the bit rate.
How will the wireless topology be affected by the introduction of 2.5G and 3G systems? Most 2G systems are based on a four-level hierarchy. At the cell center we see the base transceiver station (BTS), which supports a small number of radio links to the mobile units traveling within the cell. The base station controller (BSC) is responsible for the handoff procedure when a mobile unit moves from one cell to another. The Mobile Switching Center (MSC) provides the switching function in the system. It is the gateway to the public-switched telephone network and records billing and roaming information. Between the BSC and the MSC we find the transcoder function, which provides speech compression/decompression as well as echo cancellation to compensate for the delay in the system.
This topology will not necessarily remain intact for next-generation wireless systems. Packet switching opens the door for links into packetized networks, such as IP, right from the BSC level, thus bypassing the traditional wireless switch. We might very well see multiservice systems that ignore the traditional boundaries between wireless and wireline.
Meanwhile, cost is another driving factor. Driven by competition and deregulation, wireless service is becoming less and less expensive. In the wireless infrastructure equipment cost is driven not only by the price of silicon components but also by space and power dissipation. This in turn translates into much higher integration, lower power devices and much denser, less expensive packaging. This, in fact, is fueling a trend toward the use of LDMOS for the power transistors in basestation transmitters, replacing costly GaAs devices.
No single standard
The migration from analog to digital systems did not meld the wireless market into one worldwide digital standard. It seems this will also be the case in 2.5G and 3G. Wireless infrastructure manufacturers that support multiple regions have to design different equipment for different standards. Significant cost reductions can be achieved by utilizing the same hardware platforms using different software to support different standards. Therefore, a trend in which more functions will be done in hardware than software will likely materialize. But to minimize software development time, thereby improving time-to-market, the DSPs used must enable efficient software development in C. This, in turn, is spurring the trend toward C compiler-friendly DSP architectures.
The DSPs are used for voice and channel coding. Very long instruction word (VLIW) architectures, like the StarCore SC100, become efficient targets for C compilers. This will enable software programmers to complete their work in C. Ordinarily, DSP programming requires assembly language experience-along with an intimate knowledge of the internal register and pipeline structures of the DSP. With new-generation DSPs, tuned to compilers, the C compiler automatically accounts for the hardware resources of the target DSP. Thus, VLIW architectures will extract high performance from programs written in C. The use of C language programming will enable faster time-to-market, and easy upgradability for cellular basestations in their move to 2.5 and 3G capability.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Super God Gene - 0044
Çevirmen: Kylerxy
Erkekliği Yeterli Değil
Han Sen, Yang Manli’nin ondan hoşlanmadığını söyleyebilirdi. O gitmeye hazırlandığı zaman, Yang Manli Qin Xuan’nın ortaya çıktığı bir bağlantı çağrısını yanıtladı.
”Manli, hemen benim ofisime gel” Qin Xuan, Han seni gördü ve ”Onu da yanında getir” dedi.
Han Sen, Yang Manli’yi Qin Xuan’ın ofisine kadar takip etti ve Qin Xuan’ın Skynet’te bir video izlediğini gördü.
”Manli, gel bu videoyu izle” Qin Xuan tekrar oynattı.
Yan tarafta oturan Han Sen içinden düşündü. ”Bu benim fiziksel testi yaparken ki videom! Birileri bunun için para ödemiş. İnsanlar benim Jin Bi olduğumu öğrenmiş olmalı”
Test merkezinde çok sayıda salon vardı ve başkalarının testini izlemek paraya mal olurdu. Kimsenin kendisi gibi hiç olan birini umursayacağını düşünmemişti ve bunun olmasını hiç beklememişti.
Eğer Cennetin Oğlu, Jin Bi’nin Han Sen olduğunu öğrendiyse, bu çok fazla sorun yaratırdı. Starry Group (Yıldızlı Grubu) İttifak içerisinde oldukça güçlüydü ve Han Sen’in onlarla rekabet etme şansı yoktu.
”Jin Bi? Kim olduğunu biliyor musun?” Yang Manli videodaki altın figürü görünce şaşırdı.
”Hayır, video sadece robot kanalını kapsıyor ve tüm zaman boyunca canavar ruhu zırhını giyiyor. Kim olduğunu söyleyemem”
Qin Xuan’ın sözleri Han Sen’i cehennemden cennete gönderdi. Alnındaki soğuk terleri gizlice sildi.
”Daha dikkatli olmak zorundayım. Bu sefer şanslıydım, gelecek sefer bir kaçak olabilirim” Han Sen içinden kendisini uyardı.
”Mükemmel” Yang Manli izledikten sonra tek bir kelime söyledi.
”Cennetin oğlu bu videodan bana bahsetmişti. Bunu izledikten sonra, Jin Bi’nin zırhının kutsal kanlı canavar ruhu olduğundan emin olabiliriz ve kesinlikle yüksek geno sanatları uyguluyor bu yüzden o tanınmış bir aileden geliyor olmalı. Diğer bir ipucu testi Planet Roca’da yaptı. Onu bulmalıyız. Bizim için çok kıymetli olabilir” Qin Xuan söyledi.
Yang Manli bunun hakkında düşündü ve ”Roca’da tanınmış aile yok. Belki de sadece geçiyordu ve şuanda orayı terk etmiştir.” dedi.
‘Katılıyorum. Hadi bir şans verelim. Buna değer.” Qin Xuan söyledi.
Qin Xuan ve Yang Manli’nin gerçeği bulacağı konusunda Han Sen korkmuştu. Han Sen boğazını temizledi ve söyledi. ”Jin Bi sadece kutsal kanlı canavar ruhlarına güveniyor. Gerçek becerileri yok. Ona bakmaya gerek yok bence”
Yang Manli Han Sen’e sert bir bakış attı ve söyledi ” Sen ne anlarsın ki? Canavar ruhlarını elde etme yeteneği onun becerisinin gerçek bir kanıtıdır. Ayrıca, bu canavar ruhlarının Bullseye’ye çok yardımı olabilir.”
”Ne yeteneği” Han Sen düşündü. ”Bu sadece saf şans”
”Manli haklı. Onun zırhı harika bir defans getiriyor ve kanlı katil onun fiziksel gücünü ve hızını arttırıyor. İleri yüksek geno sanatları ile birleşince, daha fazla kutsal kanlı yaratık elde edebiliriz ve bu bizim için çok faydalı olur.”
”Eğer çetemize onu katabilirsek, Kutsal kanlı yaratıkları avlamak için cennetin oğlu ve Yumruk adamla işbirliği yapmamız gerekmeyecek.” Yang Manli büyük umutlarla söyledi.
”Wow. Sadece hayatımı senin savunman olarak riske atmamı istiyorsun. Ne kadar acımasız!” Han Sen bardaktan, korkusunu gidermek için bir yudum alırken düşündü.
”Kabul edildi. Yani, en iyisi onu bulmamız” Qin Xuan kafa salladı.
”Ama ünlü bir aileden geldiğinden, onu bulsak bile, bize katılmayabilir.” Yang Manli iç çekti.
Qin Xuan gözlerini kırptı ve dalga geçti. ”Onun gibi güçlü adamları sevdiğini biliyorum. Onu baştan çıkarmaya çalış.”
”Ahem!” Han Sen su içerken boğazı tıkandı.
Yang Manli Han Sen’e sert bir bakış attı ve Han Sen hızlıca bardaktan başka bir yudum su içti.
”Onu baştan çıkarmayı takmıyorum. Sadece onun yeteri kadar erkek olmadığından korkuyorum”
”Ahem!”Bu sefer, Han Sen yutkunmakta o kadar zorlandı ki neredeyse ağlayacaktı.
Yang Manli, Han Sen’e tiksintiyle baktı. ”Neyse ki, Jin Bi onun gibi bir pislik değil”
”Hey!” Han Sen bağırdı. Yang Manli ofis kapısını kapattı ve onu görmezden geldi.
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این پرنده را به محض ورود از مرز رصد و رهگیری کردیم و در محل مناسبی آن را مورد اصابت قرار دادیم، محل تقریبی بلند شدن این پهپاد را به صورت تحلیلی می دانیم.
وی خاطر نشان کرد: از لحظه ورود پهپاد جاسوسی رژیم صهیونیستی به خاک کشورمان آن را تحت نظر داشتیم، اما به دلیل اینکه می خواستیم کشف کنیم اطلاعات دشمنان چیست امکان هدایت و مدیریت آن را فراهم کردیم و در نقطه مورد نظر مورد اصابت قرار دادیم. ولی فعلا در مورد اینکه پهپاد جاسوسی از کجا برخواسته قضاوت نمی کنیم و زمان خاصی را برای اعلام این موضوع مشخص نمی کنیم؛ چون باید در این زمینه به نتیجه برسیم.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Türkiye’deki bütün üniversite öğrencileri yarışmaya katılabiliyor mu?
Türkiye’deki tüm üniversitelerdeki lisans fakültelerinin 3. - 4. sınıf öğrencileri ile yüksek lisans öğrencileri katılabilir.
Değerlendirme bireysel mi yoksa takım bazında mı oluyor?
Projeler takım bazında değerlendirilecektir.
3. sınıftan ders alıyorum ama 2. sınıf öğrencisiyim, yarışmaya katılabilir miyim?
1. ve 2. sınıfta okuyan ve 2. sınıfta okuyup üst sınıftan ders alan öğrenciler yarışmaya katılamamaktadır.
Sunumlar hangi dilde hazırlanmalı?
Yarışmanın dili Türkçe olarak belirlenmiştir.
Takım üyelerinden birinin ayrılması durumunda, yeni bir takım üyesi ekleyebilir miyiz?
Yarışmanın herhangi bir aşamasında, herhangi bir sebeple ekip üyelerinden birinin ayrılması durumunda, ekibin tüm üyeleri yarışmadan çekilmiş sayılır.
Dereceye girmesi durumunda tüm takım üyeleri uzun dönem staj hakkı elde eder mi?
Dereceye giren ilk 3 takım arasından mülakatı olumlu geçenler uzun dönem staj programına dâhil edileceklerdir.
Geçmiş senelerde dereceye girmiş üyeler yarışmaya tekrar katılabilirler mi?
Geçmiş senelerde ilk 3’e kalıp ödül almış yarışmacılar tekrardan yarışmaya katılamamaktadır.
Birden fazla proje ile yarışmaya katılabilir miyiz?
Hayır, her takım yarışmaya bir proje ile katılabilir.
Birden fazla takımda yer alabilir miyiz?
Hayır, bir yarışmacı sadece bir takımın üyesi olabilir.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>钨能提高钢的红硬度，热强度和耐磨性。A般来说，有种可以区分缺失的问题。h伊犁哈萨克新源县只有单面条焊缝的，采用从中部开始分段退焊，即：第段焊缝收弧在段起弧处。众所周知，硬度是衡量金属材料硬度和柔软度的指针。N青海wiyeol后cheolgwan材料具有大量的杂质，无缝钢管或设立国家标准的±％的死空间短期理论的理论是公斤。其小重量为X（-=千克，伊犁哈萨克察布查尔锡伯自治县铁方管护栏图片的电压稳定过程起因于钢的伪造是低于零下％更般地影响正常称量更良好累积误差和概率考虑下。Cs首次在真空炉中使用的夹具应在工件所需的真空度下预先脱气和净化。护栏镀锌方管加装防腐时应注意什么？
磷;可以使钢的塑性和韧性明显降低，这种现象称为冷脆性。用优质钢嚴格硫和磷。但是，从另個角度来看，低碳钢中的高硫和磷含量可以使其易于切，割，这有利于提高钢的可加工性。n常用的有布氏硬度(HB)，洛氏硬度(HRHRHRC)和维氏硬度(HV)等。D由于漏出的电镀钢管表面的腐蚀。不完全氧化铁与钢管表面，电鍍助剂可以附着，但在钢管不与导线基板接触也变为锌溶液对锌热溶液是出位于露天锌钢管的边缘被修剪，无缝钢管因为主要由镀锌材料，耐腐蚀性强也伊犁哈萨克新源县铝合金方管护栏的分辨方法介绍良好。此外，利用钢管可以在许多地方使用是的。dV其次，手动操作不应超过m坚固度和平滑度。不同种类材料和伊犁哈萨克新源县铝合金方管护栏的使用和维护规格的单独存放，机械操作不应超过m，堆叠宽度不应超过m。第种方式是法兰連接，这种情况并不常見，这种连接通常用于连接阀门。以上种是我们经常使用的镀锌钢管的连接方式。当使用镀锌钢管时，需要通过焊接连接。为了确保良好的密封性，我们需要注意些问题。
塑性塑性是指金属材料在载荷作用下，无缝钢管产生塑性变形（变形）而不破坏的能力。服务为先c矿用流体输送及焊接护栏用镀锌方管标准号为GB/t-。代表材料为QB级钢，主要用于矿井通风，伊犁哈萨克察布查尔锡伯自治县铁方管护栏图片的电压稳定过程排水，竖井瓦斯排放等直缝焊接护栏镀锌方管。N汽车半轴套管用无缝钢管(GB-是制造汽车半轴套管及驱动桥桥壳轴管用的优质碳素结构钢和合金结构钢热轧无缝钢管。的耐热壁钢管颜色为非金属光泽红棕色或生铁
（1）铁的密度是在尺寸上如此坏光标的光标的光标的光标可以在不存在的热量来小的。
（2）例如伊犁哈萨克新源县护栏方管。
（3）比公斤dangeun更小的实际重量伊犁哈萨克新源县铝合金方管护栏维护服务详细说明。
（4）整个钢管的表面标有“盲文”。I检验环境后上钢管内径尺寸：波动较大的原因如下：l.温度不稳定。
（5）所以两側都有声音。钢管。
（6）以及它们，的耐蚀性。
（7）还使用该材料可；以生産各种産品。
（8）在储存镀鋅带钢管时要注意堆放。为了确保安全。
（9）我们對此并不了解。实际上。
（10）因此必须切断不能安装和重新连接的部件。上述yeoljae轧制温度的标准。
原因是两点是土砖材料。g伊犁哈萨克新源县。带槽，无通孔，铸件和焊缝的工件，以及经过加-工和成形的不锈钢工件，般不适合在盐浴炉中加热。qY电线连接方式的常见问题是箍和螺纹扣不能完美配合，它们的性能是轧制的金属，护栏钢管-护栏方管-护栏镀锌方管-高速护栏管-天津兴博钢管有限公司鋼，取决于身体不能被眼睛测定噢区域不能自然嫩的温度下降。<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>گروه اجتماعی- در حالی همواره در اجرای قانون مقابله با سد معبر و دستفروشی احساساتمان قانون را دور زده که برای خاموش کردن بلندگوی فروشندگان دوره گرد و اختلالی که در اقتصاد مشاغل خرده پا ایجاد می کنند، هنوز قانونی وجود ندارد.
به گزارش افکار نیوز؛ از صبح حتی در ازدحامی که محله را فرا گرفته صدایشان را می شنوی که با کمک یک بلندگوی سیار و بعضا صدایی ضبط شده تمام تلاششان را می کنند تا جنسی بخرند کهنه و فروسوده یا نه؛ جنسی بفروشند ارزان تر و معلوم نیست با همان کیفیت یا بی کیفیت.
دوره گرد وجب به وجب کوچه ها را طی می کند، کودک از خواب می پرد، پیرزن قلبش به شماره می افتد، اهل خانه حس می کنند حتی خانه هم دیگر مامنی برای فرار از شلوغی پایتخت نیست اما بعضی از آنها همچنان می فروشند تا نان به سر سفره ببرند و برخی هم شاید همان هایی باشند که در میدان امام حسین گنجشک را بجای قناری رنگ می کنند و می فروشند. اما آنچه اهمیت دارد آسایشی است که سلب می شود و شهری است که به بی قانونی هایش روز به روز اضافه می گردد. در حالی که اداره مسئولان از ترس فشار اقتصادی که بر دوش شهروندان است نه جرات می کنند هم صنفی های آنها را از گوشه خیابان جمع کنند، نه از مترو. اما در این گزارش از دستفروش ها حرف نمی زنیم که قانون در مورد آنها حرف زده اما در اجرا، احساسات آن را دور زده است. از فروشندگان دوره گرد سخن می گوییم که در برخورد با آنها هیچ قانونی وجود ندارد.
اگر شک دارید به 137( سامانه ثبت و پیگیری پیام شهرداری تهران) زنگ بزنید و بگویید هر روز صبحمان با نوای دلنواز فروشندگان دوره گرد شروع می شود پاسخ آنها این است که این خودروها متحرک هستند و ما تنها می توانیم در صورت مشاهده تذکر بدهیم به 110 زنگ بزنید...و این هم پاسخ 110 که می گوید این خودروها تخلف راهنمایی و رانندگی نداشته اند که آنها را متوقف کنیم.
این موضوعی است که مجتبی شاکری رییس کمیته فرهنگی شورای شهر تهران در گفت و گو با افکار نیوز نیز آن را تایید می کند: این افراد نه تخلف ترافیکی داشته اند تا راهور با آنها برخورد کند و نه به صورت ثابت و سد معبر هستند که شهرداری بتواند طبق قانون با آنها برخورد داشته باشد.
قانونی برای مقابله با فروشدگان دوره گرد وجود ندارد و در صورت بروز هر گونه مشکل نیز طبعا پاسخگویی وجود نیست.
اما آیا آلودگی صوتی تنها آسیبی است که این فروشندگان به شهر و شهروندان می زنند؟
پاسخ این سوال را شاکری اینگونه می دهد: عملکرد دستفروشان و فروشندگان دوره گرد غیر قانونی و جزء کسب و کارهای غیر مجاز است.
کسب و کار غیر مجازی که به مرور امنیت کالا را به واژه ای بی معنی تبدیل و مشاغل خرده پا را نابود می کند به این معنی که چراغ دکان آن کاسبی که مالیات و عوارض می دهد، خاموش می شود و فروشندگان دوره گرد همانند بسیاری از هم صنفان خود با یک دستگاه سیار کارتخوان (POS) معادلات اقتصادی اصناف مختلف را بر هم می زنند.
حال اگر با این شرط که طبق معمول احساساتمان قانون را دور نزند برای این که کسبه تبدیل به دستفروش ها و فروشندگان دوره گرد نشوند و از حجم آلودگی صوتی در محیط زندگی مان کم کنیم باید به فکر تصویب قانونی با محتوای مقابله با فروشندگان دوره گرد یا جرم انگاری این موضوع باشیم.
ناصر امانی معاون برنامه ریزی، توسعه شهری و امور شورای شهرداری تهران با اشاره به این که برخورد با فعالیت فروشنده های دوره گرد که با آلودگی صوتی برای شهروندان مزاحمت ایجاد می کنند نیاز به قانونی شفاف دارد به افکار نیوز می گوید: در هماهنگی با معاونت خدمات شهری لایحه ای را به این منظور به شورای شهر ارایه می دهیم تا برای برخورد با این نوع دستفروش ها مجوز قانونی برای دفاع از اقدام ماموران شهربان در مراجع قضایی داشته باشیم.
هر چند که مجتبی شاکری معتقد است این لایحه باید در کارگروه مشترک شهرداری- قوه قضاییه تهیه شود و امانی معتقد است تا آن زمان نیروی انتظامی مسئول مقابله با دوره گردهایی است که آرامش و نظم عمومی را خدشه دار می کنند.
اما در حالی از لزوم ارایه لایحه برای قانونی کردن برخورد با فروشندگان دوره گرد سخن گفته می شود که شهرداری تهران با تاخیر بسیار هنوز لایحه ساماندهی دستفروشان مترو را ارایه نکرده است.
از سوی دیگر تا کنون اخبار زیادی از دردسرساز شدن برخورد نیروهای شهربان با دستفروش ها دیده ایم و اگر از هر یک از اعضای شورای شهر یا مسئولان شهری در مورد چرایی ضعف اجرا قانون مقابله با سد معبر سوال بپرسید همگی با اغماض پاسخ می دهند و به واژگانی همانند تورم اقتصادی، معاش مردم و فشار زندگی بر می خورید.
اما مسئولان اداره کننده شهر و حتی شهروندان چه پیش از تصویب قانون برای مقابله با فروشندگان دوره گرد و چه پیش از اجرای قانون مقابله با دستفروشی و سد معبر به این سوال ها پاسخ دهند که آیا می توانند برای نظم و امنیت قیمتی را تعیین کنند؟ آیا تا زمانی که دستفروشی و کسب و کارهای غیر مجاز مشاغل خرده پا را تهدید و کسبه را به حلقه ناتمام دستفروشی و فروشندگان دوره گرد اضافه می کند می توان به نظم اقتصاد شهر کمک کرد و از فشار اقتصادی بر خانواده ها کاست؟ و در آخر این که آیا تا زمانی که همواره احساساتمان بر اجرای قانون پیشی گرفته و با خوش خیالی به جای ایجاد شغل برای دستفروش ها و ساماندهی آنها، فضا را برای فعالیت آنها و شکستن قانون باز تر می کنیم می توانیم از قوانین مان انتظار اجرای نظم شهری و ثبات اقتصادی را داشته باشیم؟
لیلا موسوی نسب<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>سازمان جهانی بهداشت:
شیوع هپاتیت B در كودكان به كمتر از یك درصد كاهش یافته است
به گزارش كمیاب آنلاین مدیركل سازمان جهانی بهداشت اعلام نمود: شیوع جهانی هپاتیت B در كودكان زیر پنج سال به كمتر از یك درصد كاهش یافته است.
به گزارش روز سه شنبه پایگاه اینترنتی سازمان جهانی بهداشت، آمارهای جدید این سازمان جهانی نشان داده است که در سال ۲۰۱۹ میلادی تعداد کودکان زیر پنج سالی که به بیماری هپاتیت B مبتلا شده اند، به کمتر از یک درصد رسیده است. این درحالی است که این آمار در دوره قبل از واکسیناسیون این بیماری و در فاصله زمانی سال های ۱۹۸۰ تا اوایل ۲۰۰۰ حدود پنج درصد بوده است.
این روند کاهش موارد مبتلا شدن به بیماری هپاتیت B و کاهش شیوع این بیماری به کمتر از یک درصد در بین کودکان زیر پنج سال تا سال ۲۰۲۰ از دستاوردهای بزرگی بوده که در راه تحقق اهداف توسعه پایدار به دست آمده است.
«تدروس آدهانوم قبریسوس» روز گذشته دوشنبه در یک کنفرانس مجازی مطبوعاتی اظهار داشت: تحقیقات جدید به رهبری سازمان جهانی بهداشت و دانشکده بهداشت انگلیس نشان داده است که ما به هدف جهانی تعیین شده در سال ۲۰۰۰ برای کاهش شیوع عفونت های هپاتیت B در کودکان زیر پنج سال به کمتر از یک درصد تا سال ۲۰۲۰ رسیده ایم.
وی اظهار داشت: هیچ کودکی نباید به علت عدم دریافت واکسن هپاتیت B جان خویش را از دست بدهد. دستاوردی که امروز به آن دست پیدا کرده ایم به این مفهوم است که در آینده موارد مبتلا شدن به مشکلات کبدی و سرطان کبد کاهش پیدا خواهد نمود.
تدروس اضافه کرد: جلوگیری از انتقال این بیماری از مادر به کودک مهمترین راهکار در کنترل بیماری هپاتیت B و نجات جان انسان هاست. حتی در دوران شیوع بیماری کووید-۱۹ ما به مادران و نوزادان آنان اطمینان می دهیم که به خدمات مراقبتی و سلامت همچون واکسن هپاتیت B دسترسی دارند.
در سطح جهان بیشتر از ۲۵۰ میلیون نفر به بیماری هپاتیت B مبتلا هستند. نوزادان و خردسالان بیشتر در مقابل این بیماری صدمه پذیرند. حدود ۹۰ درصد از نوزادان مبتلا به این بیماری در سال نخست زندگی جان خویش را از دست می دهند. بیماری هپاتیت B یک عفونت کبدی است که به کبد حمله می کند و می تواند سبب مبتلا شدن به بیماری های حاد و مزمن شود.
نوزادان با دریافت واکسن بیماری هپاتیت B می توانند در حدود بیشتر از ۹۵ درصد در مقابل این بیماری مصون شوند. سازمان جهانی بهداشت سفارش کرده است که تمامی نوزادان بلافاصله بعد از تولد و ترجیحا در ۲۴ ساعت نخست نخستین دوز از این واکسن را دریافت نمایند.
منبع: kamyabonline.com
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نظرات بینندگان در مورد این مطلب<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>部首笔画
: 仓颉:BKN
笔顺编号:3511151534 四角号码:75282 Unicode:CJK 统一汉字 U+80F0
折叠 基本字义
折叠 详细字义
折叠 常用词组
1. 胰岛素 yídǎosù
2. 胰腺 yíxiàn
[pancreas] 见"胰"
3. 胰液 yíyè
4. 胰脂酶 yízhīméi
[pancreatic lipase;steapsin] 胰液中的脂肪酶
5. 胰子 yízi
(1) [pancreas of pigs, sheep, etc.] [口
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- Hemera Technologies/Photos.com/Getty Images<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>خبرگزاری ؛ آموزش وپرورش شهر تهران با صدور اطلاعیه ای، توضیحاتی را به پذیرفته شدگان در آزمون استخدامی ارائه کرد.
در این اطلاعیه آمده است: " چهارشنبه هفته جاری مورخ ۱۸دی ۹۸، جدول زمانبندی مراجعه پذیرفته شدگان چند برابر ظرفیت آزمون استخدامی آبان ماه سال جاری، جهت تشکیل پرونده اولیه و انجام مصاحبه و... از طریق پورتال آموزش وپرورش شهر تهران به آدرس tehran.medu.ir اعلام خواهد شد.
خواهشمند است، ضمن پیگیری اطلاعیه ها از طریق همین سایت، از مراجعه حضوری و تماس تلفنی با این اداره کل خودداری فرمایید.
اطلاعیه های منتشر شده از طریق این سایت صرفاً مربوط به پذیرفته شدگان چند برابر ظرفیت سهمیه شهر تهران است و اطلاع از برنامه زمانبندی سایر استان ها از طریق پورتال آموزش وپرورش همان استان قابل پیگیری خواهد بود."
وزارت آموزش وپرورش نیز با صدور اطلاعیه ای اعلام کرد: معرفی داوطلب برای انجام مصاحبه استخدامی به منزله قبولی فرد تلقی نمی شود بلکه در پذیرش نهایی با توجه به شغل محل انتخابی و بر اساس مجموع نمرات فصلی داوطلبان معرفی شده با وزن هفتاد درصد۷۰ درصد آزمون کتبی و ۳۰ درصد مصاحبه استخدامی به تعداد یک برابر ظرفیت "به ترتیب نمره فضلی" و سایر شرایط مندرج در دفترچه راهنمای آزمون استخدام مذکور صورت خواهد گرفت.
معرفی شدگان در این مرحله چند برابر ظرفیت موظفند با مراجعه به سامانه های استانی اداره کل آموزش وپرورش محل موردتقاضا از زمان و مکان بررسی مدارک و مستندات، مصاحبه استخدامی و … خود مطلع شوند.
عدم مراجعه معرفی شدگان به هر دلیل جهت انجام مراحل مزبور در زمان مقرر به منزله انصراف بوده و داوطلب در این خصوص حق اعتراض نخواهد داشت.
داوطلبان معرفی شده برای مصاحبه استخدامی موظفند "فرم اطلاعات فردی" را از پرتال دبیرخانه هیئت مرکزی گزینش به نشانی: http://www.gozinesh.medu.ir دریافت و نسبت به تکمیل دقیق آن و الصاق یک قطعه عکس اقدام و به همراه یک قطعه عکس پرسنلی، تصویر کلیه صفحات شناسنامه و کارت ملی، همزمان با تحویل سایر مدارک در زمان مصاحبه استخدامی، تحویل نماینده هسته گزینش کنند.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Bu alanda, etkilenen kişiler ve çevrenizdeki insanlar için, bu web sitesinde bulunan tüm indirmeleri bulabilirsiniz.
Federal Çalışma ve Sosyal İşler Bakanlığının bu broşürü ile, etkilenen kişilerin hakları konusunda bilgilendirilmesini amaçlanmaktadır.
Entschädigung Opfer von GewalttatenVorlesen
Mit dieser Broschüre vom Bundesministerium für Arbeit und Soziales sollen Betroffene über ihre Ansprüche informiert werden.Vorlesen<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Tennis, al Foro Italico
Internazionali Bnl d'Italia, si infrange su Musetti il sogno di Zeppieri
Latina - Il tennista di Latina era in vantaggio 3-1 nel terzo set prima di cedere al connazionale
letto 3 volte
E' arrivato a soli tre giochi dal sogno di entrare nel tabellone principale degli Internazionali Bnl d'Italia, il Master 1000 italiano in corso di svolgimento sui campi in terra rossa del Foro Italico a Roma.
Giulio Zeppieri, infatti, dopo un inizio di match balbettante, aveva preso le misure al connazionale ed amico Lorenzo Musetti, finendo con l'issarsi 3-1 nel set decisivo dopo aver vinto il secondo, in rimonta, 7/5.
Qui, però, qualcosa si è inceppato in quella che sembrava essere per il tennist di Latina una macchina perfetta, a quel punto, da guidare, diventava di colpo una sorta di incubo perché Musetti metteva insieme la bellezza di cinque giochi portandosi a casa il match e la qualificazione al main draw di questi Internazionali del Foro Italico.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Bağışıklık Sisteminin Reaksiyonu Terimi Hakkında Bilgiler
Ağız ve Diş Sağlığı Terimi Olarak Bağışıklık Sisteminin Reaksiyonu:
Vücudun bakteri ataklarına karşı doğal savunma sistemi. Bağışıklık sistemi bakteriyi yok etmek için verdiği reaksiyon sırasında alveol/çene kemiğini de eritebilir.
Benzer Ağız ve Diş Sağlığı Terimleri:
Kaplama: Bir dişin görüntüsünü iyileştirmek için diş üzerine doğrudan yapıştırılan plastik ya da porselen yüzey. Laminat ile ilgili bilgilere de bakınız.
Apikal Rezeksiyon: 1. Kök ucundaki bir enfeksiyonu tedavi etmek için dişin kök ucunun çıkartılması. 2. Kuronu korurken dişin kökünün alınması.
Delirium: Zehirlenmeler, ateşli hastalıklar, epilepsi, histeri ve akıl hastalıklarında görülebilen, titreme, hallüsinasyonlar ve saldırganlıkla birlikte bilinci
Analjezi: Acı hissinin geçici olarak kaybı.
Sert Damak: Ağzın üst tarafındaki kemikli bölüm, damak.
Ölçekleme: Diş yüzeylerinden plak ve sert taşların dikkatlice temizlenmesi.
Pulpa Şapkası: Açığa çıkmış pulp'un küçük bir bölümünü kaplayan ilaçlı kaplama.
Forseps: Dişi çekmeye yarayan alet.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>- Yakıt kazanı için fiyat teklifi içermesi gereken unsurlar
- Bir yakıt kazanı alımı için teklif: ayrıca dikkate alınması gerekenler
Yağ içeren bir kazan satın almak, doğaçlama değildir: kazanın fiyatı ile tankın arasında, az veya çok önemli bir çalışma ile kurulum için bir bütçe sağlamak gerekir. Çözüm yanlış değil mi? Birkaç teklif yapın ve doğru şirketi seçin. En ucuz teklifi veren mutlaka kim değildir? Açıklamalar...
Yakıt kazanı için fiyat teklifi içermesi gereken unsurlar
Bir yağ kazanı için bir tahminde bulunduğunuzda, herhangi bir tahminde görünmesi gereken "geleneksel" öğelere ek olarak (Şirket adı, etkinliği ve numarası SIRET - Başlangıç tarihi ve bitişi Müdahale, Yerin yanı sıra - Müdahalenin ayrıntılı niteliği - İşçilik fiyatı - Tahminin geçerlilik tarihi)
- Kazan hakkında: marka, Kw'deki güç, kazan tipi (konvansiyonel veya yağla çalışan yoğuşmalı kazan) boyutları (yükseklik / genişlik / derinlik, nereye koyacağımızı görebildiğimiz tarih!) ve tabii ki fiyat. Geleneksel bir yakıtlı kazan için, fiyatlar değişebilir 3000 € ve 6000 € en gelişmiş modeller için.
- Tank hakkında: marka, boyutlar ve kapasite (böylece, evde mi tutabileceğimizi veya dışarıya koyacağımızı belirleyebiliriz), fiyattan bahsetmiyoruz. Bir yağ tankı için ortalama 1000 € alır.
- Kurulumun fiyatı. Bir yağ kazanı ile çalışma az çok büyük olabilir. Çünkü kazanın kurulumuna ek olarak, tankın montajı gerekecektir. Ve belki de onu gömmek ya da bir çukura koymak için bahçeye kazmak. Muhtemelen, ayrıca boruları borulayacak, boruları kontrol edecek, bir termostat koyacaktır. Neyse, kurulum için fiyatlar 2000 € 'ya ulaşabilir.
Bir yakıt kazanı alımı için teklif: ayrıca dikkate alınması gerekenler
Her zaman önemli ve pahalı işler yaptığımız için, farklı teklifler almak ve bunları karşılaştırmak için farklı profesyoneller kullanmanız kesinlikle önerilir. Tahmin ne kadar ayrıntılı olursa, şirketin o kadar şeffaf olduğunu gösterir.
Ve bir teklif istediğimizde bile en ucuza olan ilgiyi teşvik etme eğilimindeyiz. Fiyattan daha fazla, çoğunlukla işin kalitesi ve şirketin ciddiyeti dikkate alınması gereken. Bu nedenle, uzmana önceki başarılarıyla ilgili bir kitapçığı olup olmadığını sormaktan ve site veya forumlarda müşteri incelemeleri görmek için tereddüt etmiyoruz.
Çünkü, teklifte belirtilen fiyat rekabetçi olsa bile, şirketin sunduğu diğer hizmetlere de bakmalıyız: satış sonrası servis, hatalı bir kazan durumunda garanti, şirket için bir sözleşme teklif ediyor mu? yağ kazanımızın bakımı...?<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Decentralised solutions sought: Small sewage treatment plants offer many options
Small modular plants for water management have become increasingly popular over the last few years. And there are some very good reasons for this trend. They help provide flexible solutions for future challenges such as demographic changes, climate change and diminishing raw materials. Small sewage treatment plants also offer interesting perspectives for Asia.
(01.06.2010) In principle, the German water industry is in a very good position. 99 per cent of Germany’s population are connected to a drinking water supply and more than 95 per cent are connected to public drainage systems. However, connecting the last remaining farmsteads and very remote groups of houses is becoming increasingly impractical from economic aspects. The situation is compounded by growing uncertainties associated with demographic development – especially in rural regions. The states of former East Germany are particularly affected. More than 1.5 million people have moved to West Germany since reunification. But regions in the old states, such as the Ruhr and Saarland, are also suffering from declining populations.
On the other hand, some economic centres are growing and commuter belts of modern housing estates are being built on their outskirts. And this trend is continuing. In Saxony, for instance, a recent forecast predicts that the population in most administrative districts will decrease by 2020 – quite considerably in some cases. Dresden and Leipzig are likely to be the only areas where the population will increase. Shrinking municipalities, some of which require considerable modernisation, on the one hand, and growing centres that need leading edge infrastructure for new settlements, on the other, require flexible solutions which, however, must not overtax the tight budgets of the municipalities and their citizens. Local water management systems with innovative technologies could make a contribution here.
They could also help overcome future challenges. Climate change for example: among other things, Germany is predicted to experience an increase in heavy rainfall and flooding but also long periods of drought that could lead to water shortages in some regions. Decentralised water management with separate rainwater collection and irrigation can help lessen sudden overloads in the wastewater systems and the sewage treatment plants. In housing estates and residential complexes, using sanitary water several times to flush lavatories, for example, can help save water and close water cycles.
But that's not all. Decentralised water management concepts can also help save dwindling raw materials and generate energy. Biogas can be generated in anaerobic processes and can then be used for cooking, heating, as a fuel, or to generate electricity. In addition, phosphate and nitrogen can also be recovered for use as agricultural fertiliser. This is a forward-looking concept if we consider that worldwide natural deposits of phosphate, used as a base substance to manufacture fertiliser, could dwindle in 50 to 130 years.
If the same money that has been spent on the current water network was to be spent again throughout Germany, the systems would be equipped so that roughly 1.2 billion cubic metres of biogas and 220,000 tons of fertiliser could be recovered from the wastewater, believes Prof. Walter Trösch from the Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology (IGB). The IGB is one of the 14 Fraunhofer Institutes in the water systems alliance, SysWasser. The aim of this alliance is to develop sustainable water management technologies and to transfer these into commercially feasible applications.
At present, three Fraunhofer Institutes – along with IGB, the Institute for Systems and Innovation Research (ISI) and the Institute for Transportation and Infrastructure Systems (IVI) – are working on two model projects in the German state of Saxony. Here, about 600,000 inhabitants, roughly 14 per cent of the population, dispose of their wastewater via approximately 245,000 private small sewage treatment plants. They have to be brought up to state-of-the-art standard by 2015. To manage this, according to the state's 'Wastewater strategy 2007-2015', small-scale flexible solution will have to be found. They must be inexpensive, insensitive to load fluctuations and also easy to maintain.
What this solution could look like is to be determined in two residential areas with the cooperation of the residents. The municipality of Altensalz (Vogtland), located directly beside the Pöhl dam, has 33 apartment buildings and 55 detached houses. Wastewater is either disposed of through multi-chamber pits where the overflow runs directly into the dam, or via pits with no discharge that are emptied and disposed of along with the faeces disposal system.
The municipality of Streitfeld (Upper Lusatia) has 67 residential buildings, 13 detached houses, two holiday apartments and a hotel. Most of the wastewater is disposed of via multi-chamber pits with grey water seepage. Some of it is also fed to the hotel's sewage treatment system. According to Dr. Harald Hiessl from the Fraunhofer ISI, a survey of the residents showed that in Altensalz, at least, virtually no demographic change has been noticed, as the municipality is located in the middle of a recreational area with a high leisure value and some of the houses are still occupied by several generations. But this is not the case in Streitfeld where most of the population is of retirement age.
Based on the current status of the project, each municipality will require a different solution. In Altensalz, a semi-central sewage treatment plant with anaerobic wastewater treatment, biogas utilisation and the option of recovering nutrients could be the solution. Wastewater from the apartment buildings and, if requested, also from the detached houses would be fed through a sewage system working according to the vacuum principle similar to that used on ships.
In Streitfeld, the residents and agencies responsible for the project are currently more in favour of a decentralised solution. It is possible that there will be a combination of groups of small sewage treatment works for several houses and small sewage treatment plants for separate properties. Decentralised fully biological membrane systems with nutrient removal will be used. It may be worthwhile for the responsible disposal company, Süd-Oberlausitzer Wasserversorgungs- und Abwasserentsorgungsgesellschaft mbH (Zittau), to test contracting as a business model. Fraunhofer ISI has recently proved that this can work with other project partners in the Dahler Feld municipality in Selm (North Rhine-Westphalia). Here, too, in this rural area (29 buildings, about 100 residents) more than 20 multi-chamber pits had to be remediated. The body responsible for wastewater disposal, Lippeverband, has concluded 10-year contracting agreements with the house owners, involving the construction, operation and maintenance of newly installed small membrane bioreactors (MBR). For these services, the property owners pay a fee – on average, 950 euros per annum for an eight-resident system.
Sustainable water management
The Fraunhofer water systems alliance, SysWasser, has been researching alternative water management concepts for several years. The best known project is called DEUS 21 (Decentralised Urban Infrastructure Systems). It includes two model projects in the state of Baden-Württemberg. In the small village of Neurott near Heidelberg a small compact sewage treatment plant with an innovative rotating disk filter is being tested. These dynamic membrane filters consist of a rotating hollow shaft with filter disks attached. The treated water fulfils the EU Bathing Water Directive. In a new development area in Knittlingen (near Karlsruhe), on the other hand, a more comprehensive water management system is in use. Here, rainwater is collected in an underground system of storage channels and, using membrane technology, is treated to produce safe sanitary water that is suitable for personal hygiene (i.e. bathroom use), for use in dishwashers and washing machines, to flush lavatories and to water the garden. It is provided to the boundary of the properties in a sanitary water system that runs parallel to the drinking water system. This gives house owners the option of installing a second piping system when they are designing their house. In addition, wastewater, optionally together with shredded kitchen waste, is fed directly to a decentralized collection point via a vacuum sanitary system. This wastewater, which is highly concentrated because of the vacuum system, is treated anaerobically in a connected bioreactor and the biogas produced here is utilised.
Author: Heinz-Wilhelm Simon, Berlin (Germany)
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In this study, chemical oxidation demand (COD) and color removal efficiencies of a textile industry were tested using chemical and ozone oxidation treatment techniques. The industry uses chemical processes to treat its wastewater, so it needs much time and operation cost. Herein, the applicability of ozone oxidation techniques was discussed as an alternative to the chemical treatment.
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and disease between women with high and normal NK cell parameters.
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with an increased risk of miscarriage, occurring in 30% of pregnancies. Although the mechanism is unclear, several interrelated factors appear to increase the risk of spontaneous miscarriages, including higher luteinising hormone levels, obesity, hyperandrogenisation, insulin resistance and infertility treatments.
Few topics in recent reproductive medicine have been the subject of as much controversy, media attention and passionate debate as natural killer (NK) cells and their role in reproductive failure. The question of whether elevated NK cell levels are a cause of infertility and pregnancy loss, and whether they provide a potential target for therapy to improve reproductive outcomes, lacks a definitive answer. It is clear, however, that a significant number of women with reproductive failure have abnormal NK cell parameters reflecting high immunological activity.
Amongst all the debate, the wider implications of NK cell overactivity – and attempts to suppress it – have not yet been considered. The literature suggests that although elevated NK cell activity may not be conducive to reproduction, it could in fact be beneficial in other areas of health and disease such as cancer and infection. Further research is needed to determine whether this hypothesis holds true in women with NK cell-related reproductive failure.
Luteinizing hormone (LH) supplementation in IVF cycles has been a debated topic for many years [1-4]. Whilst follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) alone achieves adequate ovarian stimulation it is still possible that, in some circumstances, better results could be achieved with a combined approach.
Natural killer cell testing is currently practised widely, and there are studies indicating potential benefit in terms of targeting women with repeated reproductive failure for immune therapy. This may be a better approach than empirical immune therapy without any investigation. More and better studies are needed before such an approach can be fully endorsed.
In this retrospective study, between 2008 and 2013, couples with a history of recurrent miscarriage (≥3 first trimester miscarriages) were investigated comprehensively for known causes (karyotype, uterine, antiphospholipid syndrome, thrombophilia) and also by semen analysis, including DNA fragmentation [sperm chromatin structure analysis (SCSA)]. Statistical analysis was performed on SPSS software with significance taken as P < 0.05.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>代理品牌
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美国安费诺集团 (Amphenol Corporation)
创立于1932年，是全球最大的连接器制造商之一。
1984年进驻中国，1991年在纽约证交所上市,是美国纽约证券交易所最佳上市公司，
2008年列美国Business Week 《商业周刊》IT企业100强第54位，并荣登美国标准普尔500强榜首。2012年集团销售额达40亿美元。
安费诺集团生产事业部遍布全球，分工合作，各肩负不同的生产目标。
2020年5月 13日，Amphenol名列2020福布斯全球企业2000强榜第839位。
2022年5月23日，Amphenol公司2022年《财富》美国500强排行榜第341位。
产品详情
在世界上安费诺是其中一个最大的制造商的互连产品。公司设计、制造和市场电气、电子和光纤连接器,同轴和扁平带状电缆和互连系统。
最主要目标市场的产品有通讯和信息处理市场,包括有线电视、移动电话和数据通信和信息处理系统,航空航天和军事电子,汽车,铁路和其他交通运输和工业应用。<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>亚当·德赖弗为戛纳点燃一支香烟，为《安妮特》起立鼓掌五分钟
经过 艾尔莎·凯斯拉西、拉敏·塞图德、帕特里克·弗图库
周二晚上，第 74 届戛纳电影节迎来了轰轰烈烈的开端。
随着今年开幕之夜电影“安妮特”的片尾字幕滚动，人群起立鼓掌——就像他们经常做的那样。导演 Leos Carax 从他在 Palais 的座位上抽了根烟，松了口气。然后他把一颗递给了他的明星亚当司机，他对着镜头点亮并吹了一口气，而人群则欢呼了整整五分钟。
该＃Cannes2021人群洗澡“安妮特”礼貌地5分钟的起立鼓掌亚当驱动程序和玛丽昂·歌迪亚。pic.twitter.com/20lCbOipwp
- Ramin Setoodeh (@RaminSetoodeh) 2021 年 7 月 6 日
这绝不是戛纳的纪录，但也让人感觉观众不仅仅是在庆祝这部电影。由于 COVID-19，这个世界上最耀眼的电影节在 2020 年休假一年后卷土重来。
事实上，两年前在法国里维埃拉与观众见面的戛纳电影节已经不一样了。虽然戛纳的许多游客都接种了疫苗，但随着 Delta 变种席卷全球，增加了预防措施。电影节要求来自欧盟以外的参与者每 48 小时接受一次唾液 COVID 测试，以获准进入非剧院的室内场馆、戛纳市场、新闻发布会和市场演示。
欣喜若狂的司机、讲法语的朱迪·福斯特、穿着粉红色西装的斯派克·李和惊喜嘉宾佩德罗·阿尔莫多瓦都标志着戛纳电影节在一个迷人而激动人心的开幕式上回归。
潮湿的夜晚更加凄美的是向两位美国传奇人物福斯特和李致敬，后者是戛纳电影节历史上第一位黑人评审团主席。去年秋天举行的威尼斯电影节上，一堵两米高的墙挡住了红地毯并挡住了影迷，但戛纳电影节试图恢复原状。它象征着电影界的重聚，从演员到电影制片人和行业人物，他们中的许多人自 2019 年以来就没有见过面。
持久的大流行导致了一些额外的安全预防措施。红地毯上的面具被短暂摘下，为摄影师提供了海伦·米伦、杰西卡·查斯坦和玛吉·吉伦哈尔（也担任陪审团成员）等一线明星的全貌。Lee 身着亮粉色西装，配上相配的太阳镜，塑造出令人印象深刻的身材。在“安妮特”中主演的玛丽昂歌迪亚身着好莱坞旧日华丽——当然是香奈儿时装——让人想起她在奥斯卡颁奖典礼上穿的那件，那年她因在“玫瑰人生”中的表演而获得最佳女主角。
亚马逊工作室将在美国上映的《安妮特》的反响好坏参半。这部音乐剧——关于两位明星艺术家生下一个女婴，电影的片名（主要由各种娃娃描绘）——绝不是传统的。随着电影以忧郁歌曲的配乐继续播放，数百名客人逃离座位，在电影中途离开首映式。
Driver 还是《安妮特》的联合制片人，尽管他正在与格蕾塔·葛韦格 (Greta Gerwig) 对面的诺亚·鲍姆巴赫 (Noah Baumbach) 的《白噪音》进行中拍，但他还是能够参加全球首映式。傍晚早些时候，Driver 和他的演员们登上楼梯前往 Lumière，聆听摇滚乐队 Sparks 创作的原创音乐，这在电影中有所体现。也许作为观众多么渴望回到戛纳的标志，“安妮特”的演员甚至在电影开始之前就获得了长时间的起立鼓掌。司机甚至加入了鼓掌。
晚会以冗长的演讲开始，这是戛纳的惯例。福斯特小时候就读于一所法语学校，并用流利的法语在戛纳电影节上发表演讲，她的职业生涯获得了荣誉金棕榈奖。
福斯特用完美的母语让法国观众眼花缭乱，他问观众，“所以出来穿衣服感觉很好？你错过了魅力吗？” 这位奥斯卡获奖演员接着说，电影在大流行期间面临一些挫折，但仍然存在，“比以往任何时候都更有活力，让我们感动，娱乐我们。让我们颤抖或让我们发笑。”
就在李获得起立鼓掌之前，他说：“在我坐下之前，我有件事要说。我希望我能像朱迪福斯特一样说法语。” 这位奥斯卡获奖导演的著名电影剪辑——从“做正确的事”到“黑色党徒”——通过蒙太奇展示给妮娜·西蒙。
戛纳电影节导演蒂埃里·弗雷莫 (Thierry Fremaux) 跳过了他在 Palais 楼梯顶部拥抱和亲吻电影明星的习惯仪式。礼堂内，歌迪亚手上挂着一个黑色的面具，坐下时并没有戴上。许多观众一入座就丢掉了口罩，而引座员基本上无视了要求他们遮住脸的规定。<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>notte
Secondo la sua etimologia, la parola notte deriva dal latino "noctem". Questo termine è usato per definire il periodo durante il quale un'area della terra (a causa della rotazione) non percepisce i raggi del sole, quindi rimane nell'oscurità assoluta. Questo periodo è tra il tramonto e l'alba del giorno seguente.
La durata della notte può cambiare durante l'anno, ciò è dovuto al costante movimento della terra. Durante l' autunno e l'inverno le notti sono generalmente più lunghe; mostrando più prove durante il periodo invernale, dove il sole tramonta molto prima e il suo sorgere è in ritardo. Mentre in estate si verifica il contrario, le notti sono generalmente più brevi.
Nel mondo di tutti i giorni, tutte quelle attività che vengono svolte di notte sono chiamate notturne. Ad esempio, andare in discoteca.
Di notte è facile vedere la luna e le stelle, così come molte delle notti sono favorevoli a relazioni amorose, erotismo, cene romantiche, ecc. D'altra parte, e basato sulla cultura popolare, la notte rappresenta per alcune persone, l' ambiente perfetto per raccontare storie dell'orrore, questo basato sul rapporto tra oscurità e pericolo, poiché l'oscurità che la notte offre è ideale per nascondere i banditi e far apparire esseri di un altro mondo.
Ci sono molte storie di vampiri e lupi mannari, raccontate nel tempo, in cui questi esseri fantastici aspettano che l'oscurità della notte esca per nutrirsi, nel caso del lupo mannaro, aspettano che la luna piena si trasformi e il vampiro Secondo la leggenda, può uscire solo quando è notte poiché la luce del sole lo ucciderebbe.
In breve, una serie di storie e storie difficili da verificare ma che hanno sempre fatto parte della cultura popolare, come il caso del silbón (uno spettro che appare nelle pianure venezuelane di notte) e la sayona (uno spirito tormentato). che spaventa le donne di notte, molto famose nel folklore venezuelano).<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Home Tags 罗马
Tag: 罗马
▲佩雷斯城堡原是罗马尼亚国王的夏宫。 提起东欧国家罗马尼亚（Romania），不少人或许只想到“吸血僵尸”的故乡，虽然当地人未必喜欢此说，但如此印象却是根深柢固，也只怪德古拉伯爵的大名太过深入民心，游人来到该国，总会专诚前往著名的布兰城堡（Bran Castle），寻找吸血僵尸的影踪！ 文、图：韦利 鸣谢：美丽华旅运、阿联酋航空、 Uniworld Boutique River Cruise Collection 寰宇精品河船 中世纪建筑 气氛平和 我这次虽是乘坐寰宇精品河船旗下新船Uniworld SS Beatrice沿多瑙河前来罗马尼亚，但难得造访这前铁幕国家，总想慕名拜访吸血僵尸的故乡，于是抵达河船之旅终站布加勒斯特后，便特意花上一整天时间，参加前往中部地区特兰西瓦尼亚（Transylvania）的地道团。不说不知，特兰西瓦尼亚的名字，原来有“森林之间”之意，不过当地除了绿林满布之外，城堡数目同样甚多，当中最著名的便是带着吸血僵尸传说的布兰城堡。 这座位于布拉索夫古城（Brasov）附近的城堡，于十四世纪下半叶由匈牙利帝皇兴建，昔日原为抵抗鄂图曼人的防御堡垒，后来也曾成为罗马尼亚玛丽皇后的夏宫，不过来到当代，其予人最深刻的印象，却是作为十九世纪末惊吓小说《德古拉》的创作背景。话说爱尔兰小说家Bram Stoker着写该经典著作之前，便曾在特兰西瓦尼亚居住了好一段日子，因此不但把城堡成为故事场景，就连主角德古拉伯爵，据说也参考自十五世纪统治当地的君王弗拉德三世（Vlad the Impaler），由于他出名残暴，曾把上万鄂图曼士兵钉死在木桩上以吓退敌军，甚至有“穿刺公”之名，正好作为吸血鬼的原型！ ▲吸血僵尸据说以昔日君王弗拉德三世作为原型。 现在前来城堡，当然找不到吸血僵尸的真身，但望向独占山岗上的古堡，仍略带点点神秘感，幸而到访时城堡之内游人众多，虽是穿插于迷宫般的各个楼层，也不觉半点惊吓阴森，看着包括玛丽皇后音乐厅等各厅房的陈设布置，只感到古雅的气氛。之后，我与一班全无畏惧之色的小朋友，一同沿漆黑狭窄的石阶通道登上高楼，更骤觉豁然开朗，从顶层的露台不但可俯视城堡中庭的建筑布局，更可眺望远方布拉索夫的优美风景！ 至于一心为“朝圣”吸血鬼的朋友，别指望城堡内会置放棺材或蒜头等装饰，不过城堡内顶层一隅，仍有关于德古拉故事的介绍，也有展示包括《惊情四百年》等昔日僵尸电影的资料，此外也可从古代服饰、兵器等展品，感受中世纪的古老气氛，如若还未满意，从城堡回到山下小村，尚可帮衬许多售卖惊吓精品的摊档，在此不妨买来桃木宝剑或僵尸服饰自娱一番呢！ 佩雷斯夏宫 童话色彩 布拉索夫虽以吸血僵尸城堡最为闻名，惟论建筑的华美程度，则以另一方的佩雷斯城堡（Peles Castle）更为亮丽出众。 ▲城堡内有不少古代陈设装饰。 始建于1873年的Peles城堡，乃由昔日的罗马尼亚国王卡洛一世（Carol I）下令兴建，据说当时请来德国的城堡建筑师负责设计，结合德国歌德式、新文艺复兴式的城堡建筑，也因而别具德国天鹅堡一般的童话气息。沿着佩雷斯河溪的绿林小径漫步，不一会已来到作为皇帝夏宫的城堡所在，看着门前的庭园布满鲜花和雕像，环境已觉优雅瑰丽，不过更叫人看得入神的，还是城堡内部，只见城楼内上百个厅房，不少皆宫殿般精致，不论是布满桃木装饰的大厅，或是放满了盔甲利剑的兵器室，甚至是图书馆和各个回廊，皆以大量大理石及胡桃木等材料所兴建，细看之下，更有点点电影《哈利波特》的童话色彩呢！ 阿联酋航空 升级机上享受 向来着重飞行享受的阿联酋航空，对商务及头等客舱的乘客可谓无微不至。乘坐过该航空公司商务客舱的朋友，该对其广受欢迎的机上贵宾室印象深刻，原来阿联酋航空
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participants should be able to:
Define what IIIF is and how it enables teaching with primary resources
Identify ways to use IIIF-based tools to create engaging online or in-person learning experiences using primary sources
Meg O'Hearn is the Community & Events Coordinator for the IIIF Consortium. She serves as communicator and facilitator for the global IIIF community to help advance the framework and its utility, and also organizes events such as the IIIF Consortium’s annual conference and online workshops and showcases. Prior to joining the IIIF Consortium, she developed marketing, content, and community relations strategy at Artstor and ITHAKA.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>1 引言
活性污泥是微生物与悬浮物质、胶体物质混凝交织在一起所形成的絮状物质，它的结构和功能的中心是菌胶团.在菌胶团上，生长着细菌、真菌、原生动物和某些后生动物，这些微生物能分泌具有粘着性的胶状物质，对微小颗粒和可溶性有机物有强烈的吸附能力，在水流的作用下与悬浮颗粒相碰撞、粘连，形成活性污泥絮体.通过重力作用进行泥水分离是活性污泥处理系统中的重要环节，污泥的沉降性能决定了处理工艺的整体效率.已经被研究的影响污泥沉降性能的主要因素包括：丝状菌含量、絮体的粒径分布、絮体的表面电荷和絮体的亲疏水性等.目前普遍认为，丝状菌数量增多时，絮体变得松散.絮体的表面净负电荷可以在絮体之间产生排斥势能，使絮体难以进一步接触凝聚.絮体的亲疏水性决定了其内部的含水率，含水率越高污泥比重越小.胞外聚合物(Extracellular Polymeric Substance，EPS)是微生物所分泌的覆盖在细菌细胞壁外的高分子物质，它的含量和组成对活性污泥的絮体结构、表面电荷、亲疏水性和沉降性能都有很大影响.此外，微生物群落结构也是影响活性污泥处理系统正常运行的重要因素.微生物种群丰富意味着其内部贮存着可以在不同环境下生长具有不同特性的微生物，因此，可以抵抗环境的剧烈变化.微生物种群丰富强化了其对特定功能的保持及对冲击负荷的快速恢复能力，同时丰富了基质的利用途径.
在生物流化床处理工程泥水分离区中，基于不同流体运动速度，污泥相存在比重方面的差异，密实型絮团沉在底部，颗粒大，而在反应器的顶部，通常会出现少量污泥游离于上清液中难以沉降.因此，可以通过沉降作用或流体力场分离作用实现基于上述现象污泥的异质性分离，由此，本文把通过异质性分离得到的沉降速度快慢不同的污泥分别定义为聚结型污泥与离散型污泥，探究所分离的污泥在活性、胞外聚合物与微生物群落结构方面是否存在内部相关性.离散型污泥与聚结型污泥相比，其絮体颗粒更小，结构更松散.目前还没有发现针对生物流化床处理系统活性污泥的这种异质性加以研究的文献报道.为了初步考察聚结型污泥与离散型污泥的活性差异，本文采用连续稳定运行3年以上的焦化废水处理工程好氧工艺的混合液作为研究对象，该生物处理单元采用流化床结构，生物流化床通过置入轴向内导流筒使气液固三相在反应器内循环运动.混合液在强大的气流冲击性下呈流化态，因此，污泥呈絮体状.利用旋流离心的方法分离出离散型絮状污泥，以聚结型絮状污泥作为对照，在异质性方面考察两种污泥在EPS、微生物活性和微生物群落结构方面的差异.其中，微生物活性用有机物平均降解速率和比耗氧速率来表征.上述研究工作的动机是，若能够证明在废水生物处理工程中存在污泥的异质性，而又可以通过工程手段应用污泥的异质性，则有可能调控生物处理系统使之处于污泥性质分配功能化的过程，有选择性地从反应器中识别污泥龄长的老化污泥，由此保持系统内的高活性.
2 材料与方法
2.1 污泥的采集与分离
本研究采集的水样与活性污泥样品均来自宝钢集团广东韶钢焦化厂酚氰废水处理站，该废水处理站始建于2004年，由本团队提供技术并设计，生物处理水量为70~80 m3 · h-1，处理出水稳定在《炼焦化学工业污染物排放标准》(GB16171—2012)限值以内.本研究从二级好氧池采集泥水混合液20 L，将混合液倒入水桶中，使用木棒缓慢搅动，利用离心作用分离污泥.从水桶边缘采集到的污泥为比重更大的聚结型污泥，从水桶中央采集到的污泥为比重更轻的离散型污泥.采集污泥后立即测定污泥常规指标.
2.2 有机物降解实验
通过比较两种污泥的有机物降解速率来考察微生物活性的差异，具体做法为：通过离心机将聚结型污泥与离散型污泥脱水，得到含水率基本一致的湿污泥.将焦化废水原水稀释1倍，调节pH至7.0~7.5，按C ∶ N ∶ P=100 ∶ 5 ∶ 1的比例添加KH2PO4，获得实验废水.摇瓶实验设置4组对照组，所添加的湿污泥分别为3.0、6.0、9.0、12.0 g.投加配制好的实验废水250 mL，摇匀后立即从各摇瓶中取混合液100 mL测定MLSS和MLVSS. 随后用薄膜和纱布封口，放入摇床中，温度和转速分别设为(30.0±1.0)℃和200 r · min-1.定时取样检测COD和TOC浓度，有机物平均降解速率按式(1)和(2)计算.
式中，[COD]0、[TOC]0和[COD]t、[TOC]t分别为某一时间段内初始时和终止时的COD和TOC浓度(mg · L-1)，t为间隔时间(h)，[MLVSS]为挥发性悬浮固体浓度(mg · L-1).
2.3 测试方法 2.3.1 常规指标
pH值、COD、MLSS、MLVSS均参照《水和废水监测分析方法(第4版)》测定，TOC采用岛津TOC-VCPH测定. 2.3.2 胞外聚合物(EPS)取2.1节中分离得到的聚结型污泥与离散型污泥各50 mL，在4 ℃下以5000 r · min-1离心20 min，得到污泥上清液经0.22 μm滤膜过滤，用于Soluble EPS的测定.弃去剩余上清液，以蒸馏水补足到原体积，充分混匀后加盖密封，在80 ℃恒温水浴锅中加热40 min后，在4 ℃下以5000 r · min-1转速离心20 min，得到上清液经0.22 μm滤膜过滤，用于Bound EPS的测定. EPS中的多糖与蛋白质的测定分别采用硫酸苯酚法和考马斯亮蓝G-250染色法.
2.3.3 比耗氧速率
将2.1节中分离得到的聚结型污泥与离散型污泥闷曝2 h，取20 mL污泥于血清瓶中，添加20 mL已配制好的焦化废水原水和80 mL已曝气至饱和溶氧状态的蒸馏水，置于恒温磁力搅拌装置中，用磁力搅拌器将污泥混匀，温度控制在(25.0±1.0)℃.密封瓶口，在线记录DO变化曲线.内源呼吸对照组则不添加焦化废水原水，直接添加100 mL已曝气至饱和溶氧状态的蒸馏水.测试结束后，测定污泥MLVSS并按式(3)计算比耗氧速率(SOUR).
式中，[DO]0、[DO]t分别为测定初始时和终止时的溶解氧浓度(mg · L-1)，t为测定时间(h)，[MLVSS]为挥发性悬浮固体浓度(mg · L-1).
2.4 微生物群落结构分析 2.4.1 基因组DNA的提取
将2.1节中分离得到的两种污泥抽滤脱水获得干污泥，各取100.0 mg干污泥，使用Ezup柱式土壤基因组DNA抽提试剂盒(上海生工)，通过Buffer SCL裂解样品，释放基因组DNA，然后通过Buffer SP和氯仿去除蛋白质的干扰. 抽提获得的DNA样品贮存于-20 ℃冰箱中，用于后续PCR扩增. DNA样品用1.5%琼脂糖凝胶进行检测. 2.4.2 PCR扩增 总细菌的PCR扩增采用对大多数细菌和古细菌16S rDNA基因V3区都具有特异性的引物对F341-GC(5′-CGCCCGCCGCGCGCGG CGGGCGGGGCGGGGGCACGGGGGGCCTACGGGAG GCAGCAG-3′)和R534(5′-ATTACCGCGGCTGCTG G-3′)，氨氧化菌的PCR扩增采用对氨氧化菌具有特异性的引物对CTO189f(5′-CCGCCGCGCGGCGGGCGGGGCGGGGGCACGGGGG GAGAAAAGCAGGGGATCG-3′)和CTO654r(5′-CTAGCYTTGTAGTTTCAAACGC-3′.反应采用50 μL体系：2 μL DNA模板，2 μL上游引物，2 μL下游引物，25 μL Taq PCR Master Mix，19 μL无核酸双蒸水. PCR反应的产物用1.5%琼脂糖凝胶进行检测.
2.4.3 变性梯度凝胶电泳(DGGE)
采用Bio-rad公司Dcode突变检测系统对PCR反应产物进行分离，凝胶浓度为8%，变性剂浓度为30%~60%，温度60 ℃，在60 V的电压下电泳12 h. 结束后，将凝胶进行银染，待条带出现后拍照，在凝胶成像系统上成像检测，获得DGGE图谱. 随后用75%酒精消毒后的手术刀切下DGGE凝胶条带，回收保存于200 μL薄壁管，委托生工生物工程(上海)股份有限公司进行克隆测序. 2.4.4 DGGE图谱条带分析 利用Quantity One软件对DGGE图谱中条带的位置及强度进行模拟分析，得到各条带的波峰面积，利用Shannon指数(H)来评价污泥样品的微生物丰富程度，计算公式为：
式中，ni为峰面积，N为所有峰的总面积.
利用戴斯系数(Cs)评价污泥样品之间微生物种群的相似性，计算公式为：
式中，j为泳道A和B的共有条带的数量，a和b分别是泳道A和B中的条带数.
将测序结果进行处理后提交到GenBank数据库，采用BLAST进行目标序列和基因库中所含序列的相似性分析，得到同源性最近的序列.
3 结果与讨论(Results and discussion) 3.1 污泥形态与特性比较
通过旋流分离装置分离得到聚结型污泥与离散型污泥后立即进行扫描观察，结果如图 1所示.由图 1可知，两种污泥均呈絮体状，外型不规则.相比而言，聚结型污泥结构更为密实，絮体之间连接紧密，而离散型污泥絮团较小，结构更为松散.两种污泥常规指标如表 1所示，离散型污泥与聚结型污泥SVI值分别为78.9与56.0 mL · g-1. SVI即污泥体积指数，是衡量活性污泥沉降性能的指标，聚结型污泥SVI值低于离散型污泥表明其污泥沉降性能更好，污泥比重更大.
采用2.3.2节中所述方法测定两种污泥的胞外聚合物，结果如图 2所示.胞外聚合物是微生物细胞分泌的粘性物质，主要成分为多糖和蛋白质等物质.其中，Bound EPS主要是紧密结合在细胞外壳的束缚性聚合物及附着有机物，Soluble EPS主要是可溶解的大分子物质、胶体和粘液. 数据显示，离散型污泥单位质量MLVSS中的Bound EPS和Soluble EPS更高，这一结果与其他学者的研究结果相符.EPS的含量与污泥的沉降性能呈负相关.离散型污泥EPS含量更高，导致污泥表面电负性较大，絮体表面的净负电荷可以在絮体之间产生排斥势能，导致污泥结构变得松散.
3.2 污泥有机物降解速率及耗氧速率比较
设置4组不同污泥浓度的对照组(表 2)，添加配制好的实验废水，进行有机物降解实验，计算得到COD、TOC平均降解速率如表 3和表 4所示.
COD与TOC存在一定的相关性，实验结果中二者在数值和变化规律上基本吻合.结果表明，在最初的8 h中，降解速率较低，大部分有机物在8~20 h中得到降解.对照组1由于污泥浓度小，有机物负荷更高，因此，每克污泥有机质所降解的有机物更多，其降解速率最大值出现在16~20 h. 对照组2、3、4降解速率最大值出现在8~16 h. 在这个时间段中对照组1中离散型污泥降解速率更高，而在对照组2、3和4中聚结型污泥降解速率更高.由于微生物活性差异较小，因此，在对照组1和2中两种污泥的有机物平均降解速率没有明显规律，而在高污泥浓度的对照组3和4中，有机物平均降解速率呈现的规律较为明显，离散型污泥的有机物平均降解速率要低于聚结型污泥.
微生物内源呼吸是指在没有其他基质可以利用的情况下微生物通过消耗内在储存的物质完成生命活动，而外源呼吸是指在添加实验废水后微生物利用外界供给的物质进行代谢活动，此时内源呼吸并不显著. 实验所采集的污泥为好氧污泥，微生物在降解有机物和硝化过程中都要消耗氧气.微生物的新陈代谢速率可以通过耗氧速率来反映.本文测定了两种污泥在内源呼吸时和外源呼吸时的比耗氧速率，结果如图 3所示.聚结型污泥无论是内源呼吸还是外源呼吸时的比耗氧速率都要高于离散型污泥，说明其微生物活性更高.
3.3 污泥中微生物群落结构分析
焦化废水是由原煤的高温干馏、煤气净化和化工产品精制过程中产生的一种成分极为复杂的废水，除了氨、氰、硫氰根、氟化物等无机污染物外，还含有酚、油、胺、萘、吡啶、�
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vermiyorsun? Merak ve eleştirel düşünme becerilerini geliştirecek ve kenar çubukları, eklenen bilgilerle araştırmalarını daha da derinleştirecektir.
Yol gezileri veya arkadaşlarıyla yaptığı geziler sırasında 12 yaşındaki kızınızın kişisel eşyalarını taşıması gerekecektir. Bu onun için mükemmel bir sırt çantası olabilir. Hafif, seyahat veya günlük kullanım için uygun bir mini tatil çantası.
Güvenliği sağlamak için suya dayanıklı polyester ile iyi bir şekilde tasarlanmıştır ve kapatma için büzme iplerine sahiptir. Ayrıca bir iç cebi ve bir arka yan fermuarlı cebi vardır. Aralarından seçim yapabileceğiniz çeşitli moda desenleri ve renkleri de elde edersiniz.
12 yaşındaki çocuğunuzun işi bittiğinde okumanızı isteyeceği kadar iyi bir kitap? Bu kitapla evimde olan da buydu.
Hafif korkutucu paranormal kitaplar şu anda ortaokul kızları arasında büyük bir trend ve Katherine Arden'ın bu kitabı harika. Okumayı seven ama kitap kurdu olmayan kızım bu kitabı elinden bırakamadı.
Daha korkunç bir paranormal okuma için Jonathan Auxier'in bu kitabını deneyin. Bir aile için çalışmaya başlayan ve kısa sürede istihdam durumlarının hayatlarını tehlikeye attığını fark eden bir erkek ve kız kardeşin ürkütücü hikayesini anlatıyor.
Güzel yazılmış, karakterler arasındaki ilişkiler, kızınızın bu kitabın sonucuna yatırım yapmasını sağlayacaktır. Yeniden okumak ve belki bir gün kendi çocuklarına vermek isteyeceği bir klasik olacak. Bu yüzden ciltli kitabı tavsiye ediyoruz.
Bulmacalar her zaman çok eğlencelidir ve çözmesi fazlasıyla tatmin edicidir. Bu National Geographic Taj Mahal kiti, Tac Mahal binasını oluşturmak için eklenmiş 87 parçaya sahiptir.
Kit, en ünlü yerlerden birini tamamlamak için mantıklı düşünmeyi, uygulamalı yeteneği ve sabrı teşvik eder. Tac Mahal hakkında tarihi bilgileri içeren bir National Geographic kitapçığı ile birlikte gelir. Alet, makas veya yapıştırıcı gerekmez.
Yumuşak ve peluş olan bu şezlong örtüsü, şekerleme zamanları, TV izleme, pijama partileri veya okuma için davet ediyor. Yastık kılıfları çeşitli parlak renklerde gelir ve bakımı kolaydır.
Sadece kılıfı alıyorsun ve doldurmak için kendi beş yastığını kullanıyorsun. Her yastık cebinde bir fermuar bulunur ve yapmanız gereken tek şey doldurma, fermuar ve salon. Soğuk suyla hassas bir döngüde makinede yıkanabilir.
Özellikle bu yaşta, kızlar bir roller coaster duyguları yaşarlar ve bazen bunun hakkında konuşmak kolay değildir. Tüm ifadelerini yazarak veya çizerek neden ona bir çıkış yolu vermiyorsunuz?
Bu dergi yüksek kaliteli PU deriden yapılmıştır ve günlükten fotoğraf albümüne, dergiye, deftere veya düzenleyiciye kadar istediği her şeyi yapabilir. Ayrıca yıllarca saklayabileceği kalıcı hatıraları olacak.
Selfie'ler sizi çıldırtabilir ama kızınız bu yaşta onları sevebilir. Sürekli olarak kendisinin veya arkadaş grubunun harika bir özçekimini yapmaya çalışıyorsa, bu özçekim çubuğu yararlı olabilir.
Bir tripod olarak kurulabilir veya rahat tutamak kullanılarak tutulabilir. Arka arkaya fotoğraf çekmek için selfie çubuğundaki bir uzaktan kumandayı kullanır. Hatta yabancılardan fotoğrafınızı çekmelerini istemek yerine, aile tatillerinde bundan biraz faydalanabilirsiniz.
Bu, balıklarına göz kulak olabileceği yatak odasına yerleştirebileceği mükemmel bir başlangıç seti. Tank şeffaftır ve güzel su habitatının panoramik manzarasını sunar.
Her zaman temiz tutmak için filtreli 1 galonluk bir tank. Ayrıca bir LED ışığı ve uygun bir besleme deliği içerir. Pakete balık dahil olmasa da, tropikal balıklar için sevimli küçük bir ortam.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Bebeklerde Ek Gıdaya Başlama
Bebeklerde Ek Gıdaya Başlama Ve Dikkat Edilmesi Gerekenler
İlk 6 ay anne sütü bebekler için, tek başına yeterlidir. Fakat bebeğin doymadığı ve kilo alımının yavaşladığı durumlarda, 4. aydan itibaren ek gıdalara geçiş yapılabilir. Ek gıdalar anne sütünün yerine geçecek yiyecekler değil, onu tamamlayıcı besinlerdir. Bu nedenle de bebeğin ek gıdalara geçmesinin, anne sütünü almaması veya daha az alması anlamına gelmediği unutulmamalıdır. Bebeklerde ek besine geçiş en erken 4. ay, en geç de 6. ayda olmalıdır.
Ek Gıdalara Geçerken Dikkat Edilmesi Gerekenler
• Ek gıdalara tek çeşit olarak ve yavaş yavaş başlanmalıdır. Birkaç gıda aynı anda verildiğinde, bebekte herhangi bir alerjik reaksiyon olursa buna hangi gıdanın neden olduğunun tespiti zorlaşır. Bebeği bir gıdaya alıştırdıktan birkaç gün sonra, başka bir gıdaya geçin.
• İlk olarak pirinç unu muhallebisi veya elma suyu gibi, bebeğin kolay hazmedebileceği gıdalarla başlayın. İlk gün birkaç tatlı kaşığıyla başlayıp, sonraki günlerde bu miktarı arttırabilirsiniz. Böylece bebeğinizin bağırsakları ve midesi zorlanmadan, yeni gıdaya alışması sağlanır.
• Ek gıdaları verirken kaşık veya suluk kullanın, biberonla vermeyin. Eğer gıdayı biberonla verirseniz, bebek biberona alışıp anneyi emmekten vazgeçer.
• Bebeğinize ek gıdaları karnı açken verin, istemediği gıdaları yedirmek için zorlamayın. Birkaç gün sonra tekrar aynı gıdayı vermeyi deneyin. Bazen bebekler ilk seferinde istemediği bir gıdayı, başka sefer isteyebilir.
• Ek gıda verdikten sonra bebeğinizi biraz da emzirin. Bu şekilde sütünüzün azalmasını önleyebilirsiniz.
• 1 yaşından küçük bebeklere inek sütü, yumurtanın beyazı ve bal gibi alerjiye sebep olabilecek gıdaları vermeyin.
• 1 yaşından küçük bebeklere tuz, şeker ve baharatlı gıdalar da vermeyin. Özellikle tuz, böbrekleri henüz gelişmemiş olan bebeğiniz de soruna neden olabilir.
Bebeğin ek gıdalara geçmesi, anne sütünü almasına engel olmamalıdır. Bu dönemde sütünüzün azalmamasına ve bebeğinizin emmeyi bırakmamasına dikkat etmelisiniz. Anne sütü, bebeğin yeni tanıdığı gıdaların sindirimini kolaylaştırma özelliğine sahiptir. Bu sayede bebeklerin ek gıdaya geçiş sürecini kolaylaştırmaya yardımcı olur.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Fabricio Toledo de Souza
In Brasile i venti della democrazia soffiano già da molto tempo, ma sembrano più forti da giugno 2013, quando un ciclo d’insurrezioni ha invaso tutto il paese. Giornate di Giugno è uno dei nomi dati a questo ciclo. In un breve lasso di tempo, un tempo immenso si è aperto.
È soprattutto a Rio de Janeiro che questo ciclo di lotte ha trovato la sua espressione più calda e continua. Nel centro della città, la moltitudine ha fatto brillare la verità sul potere: la potenza della Città è nelle mani della moltitudine. È stata questa moltitudine a mettere sotto accusa il potere per la scomparsa del povero favelado chiamato Amarildo, la carneficina dei poveri della Rocinha e del Vidigal, la gestione mafiosa del trasporto urbano, il genocidio degli indiani, l’espropriazione della gioia dal calcio; questi sono alcuni fra i vari crimini contro la collettività.
L’indignazione è giunta a un punto critico ed è esplosa, ma gli indignati erano pieni di dignità. Non la dignità astratta dei principi universali, ma la dignità materiale delle lotte. Quella che ha una sua storia, che è sempre la storia minore forgiata nelle lotte delle minoranze. Lotta materiale e concreta, con nomi, date, sangue e gioia. E per la quale passano tutte le minoranze del mondo; dall’emigrato del nord-est che diventa operaio, sindacalista e Presidente, fino alle giovani che hanno ostentato il seno e la libido (la Marcha das Vadias) fra i pellegrini cattolici ( la Xota-M-Xota durante la Giornata Mondiale della Gioventù).
È stata questa dignità che ha portato all'occupazione dell’Aldeia Maracanã, alle manifestazioni contro l’Assemblea Legislativa di Rio de Janeiro, che ha portato alle occupazione davanti alla casa del Governatore, e che – questo non sarà mai dimenticato – ha permesso la riduzione del prezzo dei trasporti pubblici. I famosi venti centesimi.
La lotta è per la liberazione, la giustizia e la democrazia, come già è stata in passato e come sempre sarà. La storia, alla fine, è sempre la storia delle lotte. Storia della potenza. E questo è quanto scritto dai giovani nelle piccole pietre tirate contro la storia del presente. Oggi si fa democrazia, si fa lottando per la circolazione libera, per il miglioramento delle condizioni dei trasporti pubblici e per mettere fine alle tariffe ingiuste. La complessità di questa lunga giornata – che non è riassumibile nel mese di giugno, che non è cominciata qui in Brasile, non è cominciata ora nel 2013 e che non sembra vi sia un tempo in cui finirà – ci invita sondare pazientemente i piccoli movimenti sotterranei, a discernere le voci fra le grida, e comprendere i piccoli sussurri. Come dice Michel Foucault, è in agguato «al di sotto della storia, ciò che la spezza e la agita» e bisogna «vigilare, un po' a ridosso della politica, su quello che la deve limitare incondizionatamente».
In questi termini, le insurrezioni nelle città brasiliane non sono povere di argomenti, le accuse in questo senso sono ormai un luogo comune, né si possono riassumere in una supposta violenza che si scatena negli scontri con la polizia. Le insurrezioni sono impregnate di richieste, lotte e desideri. Si tratta proprio di definire il limite dell’intollerabile, urlare l’indignazione. Lottare per migliori condizioni di lavoro comporta ora, nel tempo di una cittadinanza-produttiva, la distribuzione delle ricchezze (immateriali e materiali) prodotte in comune. Si lotta per migliorare i servizi pubblici, compreso il trasporto, ma anche l'abitare, il tempo libero, le connessioni internet etc. Lo sciopero nelle fabbriche o nei servizi genera una paralisi di tutta la produzione urbana. E se i giovani mirano alla paralisi del traffico, all’occupazione degli spazi politici istituzionali, la depredazione dei simboli più evidenti dell’espropriazione, è perché queste sono le forme strategiche per sabotare l’intero complesso produttivo.
E sul futuro delle insurrezioni? A quale destino ci conducono queste giornate? Fin dai primi giorni c’era già una certa preoccupazione sul futuro, un’inquietudine sulla possibilità reale e concreta di cambiamenti. C’è anche un malcelato pessimismo, risultato forse delle innumerevoli delusioni dovute a promesse non mantenute e a speranze frustrate. Pessimismo che è soprattutto frutto di un’abitudine inevitabile di concepire il futuro sulla base della paura o come utopia. Interrogare il futuro è inevitabile: ma deve essere inevitabile anche aprire già ora nuove brecce per la produzione costituente. Divenire-sinistra, divenire-rivoluzione. Rivoluzione permanente. «Dove sarà il nostro prossimo incontro?», sembra la domanda più in sintonia con il ritmo di questo tempo.
Incalzare il futuro non perché qualcosa avvenga subito, ma per investire nel proprio desiderio e costituire così il tempo. E congiurare contro qualsiasi utopia. La definizione del nostro futuro, o meglio, del nostro investimento nel futuro e nel futuro del potere costituente, non risiede nel suo esito, ma nello sforzo effettivo di tentare sempre un nuovo esito e, in questo sforzo, la produzione di una soggettività, la soggettività della creazione.
La crescita del potere costituente non dipende dall’accumulazione ma da un percorso, da un’azione soggettiva. È la storia di ciò che Spinoza definirebbe passione costituente della multitudo.
Traduzione dal portoghese di Chiara del Gaudio<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>This smartboard activity uses the popular Dr. Seuss book "Ten Apples Up on Top!" to assist students with sight word identification and writing of each word. Students are presented a different fast word for each letter of the alphabet on "lion". Then they are to rewrite the word 2 times each (once on dog and once on tiger). We know how those characters love to copy!<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Adults returning to school usually have the whole “life” thing down. They’ve been in the workforce for some time, perhaps have a family to look after, and, unlike some traditional college students, know how to pay bills and finish projects on time. But no matter how much you think you’ve got it together now, starting school again can feel like a hurricane just hit your smooth-sailing, grown-up pleasure cruise.
Yes, the stress of studying can make the most responsible people forget to apply some basic life skills to their educational pursuits. So here’s some practical advice to keep in mind to ensure you keep your adult wits about you and succeed when going back to school.
College is what you make of it
Ken Bain’s recently published book, What the Best College Students Do, profiles a selection of lifelong learners, noting the common patterns that relate to their success both in and out of college. Through real-life examples of renowned celebrities and thinkers, Bain provides advice on how to approach college, no matter which “type” of learner you are. His overall message is that it’s not which school you attend, but what you do during your course of study. He suggests students focus on promoting active learning, asking questions, and striving to retain information, rather than scoring high grades. Although grades are important, being able to practically utilize what you learn is far more beneficial in the long run.
Spend your time and money wisely
A few years ago, Lynn F. Jacobs and Jeremy S. Hyman published an award-winning guide to higher education called The Secrets of College Success. In it, they approach college as an experience from which students will only benefit if they’re willing to put in a lot of time and work. The book promotes taking control of your education and treating it as an investment, for which many students are paying a substantial amount. After a student’s first class, the book recommends assessing professors to see if they fit your needs as a student. Studying hard in order to pass classes and not have to re-take them saves you time and money, as does waiting to declare a major or specialization until you’re 100% certain about it. In the authors’ view, time and money are just as precious as college education itself. So try to employ a clinical, businesslike attitude to your studies from day one.
Consult college staff, and use your resources
Fox Business writer Emily Driscoll cites underwhelming education rates in both public and private universities as reasons to develop good study habits. She recommends using on-campus resources like advisors, teaching assistants, the library, writing centers, and career services staff. Driscoll also emphasizes the importance of career planning while attending school. It’s useful for all students, but perhaps especially working adults going back to college, to enroll in courses that not only fit their chosen curriculum and count toward a diploma, but that also interest them on a personal level. Most colleges offer a wide selection of additional classes that may not completely correspond with your specialization but can help you to expand your understanding of the world and develop as a person. Form relationships and keep in touch with your professors, as this will prove invaluable after graduation when you begin applying for jobs and need advice on interviews as well as glowing recommendations.
Just because you’re able to handle a mortgage, a job, and raising kids, all those things can make going back to school more complicated than it initially seems. That’s why it’s so crucial to keep even the simplest advice in front of your mind.
Do you have questions or advice on making a successful return to school? Share your thoughts in the comments below.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Who was Alhazen and his works?
2. Ibn al-Haytham proved that light travels in straight lines using the scientific method by carrying out various experiments with lenses , mirrors , refraction , and reflection in his Book of Optics (1021). Ibn al-Haytham was a pioneer in many areas of science, making significant contributions in varying disciplines. His pioneering work on number theory, analyti c geometry, and the link between algebra and geometry, also had an influence on Ren Descartes's (1596-1650) geometric analysis and Isaa ...more
David L. Shenkenberg writes in an
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کودکان زباله گرد، پیمانکاران شهرداری اقدام خواهند کرد.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>I talebani stanno intensificando la caccia a tutti gli afghani che negli anni hanno lavorato e collaborato con la Nato e le forze statunitensi: e’ quanto emerge da un rapporto riservato realizzato dal Centro norvegese per le analisi globali, che fornisce informazioni di intelligence alle Nazioni Unite. Secondo quanto riporta la Bbc, che ha visionato il rapporto, i “talebani stanno arrestando e/o minacciando di uccidere o arrestare i membri delle famiglie degli individui presi di mira a meno che (questi) non si arrendano ai talebani“, si legge nel rapporto, secondo cui sono a rischio soprattutto le persone che avevano posizioni nell’esercito, nella polizia e nelle unita’ investigative. “I talebani hanno condotto una mappatura anticipata degli individui prima di prendere il controllo di tutte le principali citta’”, prosegue il documento aggiungendo che i fondamentalisti stanno inoltre effettuando controlli alla ricerca di individui sospetti anche all’aeroporto di Kabul, preso d’assalto da migliaia di afghani che cercano disperatamente di lasciare il Paese. Secondo il rapporto, infine, i talebani stanno reclutando nuovi informatori per creare network di collaboratori con il nuovo regime.
Intanto almeno due persone, un uomo e un ragazzo, sono rimaste ferite oggi a Jalalabad (est dell’Afghanistan) quando i talebani hanno sparato sulla folla che sventolava la bandiera nazionale in occasione delle celebrazioni dell’indipendenza del Paese. Lo riporta Al Jazeera, riferendo inoltre che a Khost (sud) i fondamentalisti hanno imposto il coprifuoco per impedire alla popolazione di protestare contro di loro.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>این درست است که در کشورهایی که «مذهب رسمی» دارند شکل حکومت سراسر سکولار نیست اما از نظر تاریخی این به معنای آن نبوده که حکومت آن کشورها لزوماً به «حکومت دینی» (theocracy) تبدیل شده باشد. مثلاً در بریتانیا دین رسمی، مسیحیت پروتستان است و به طور خاص در انگلستان از ۱۵۳۴ میلادی بدین سو «کلیسای انگلستان» کلیسای رسمی کشور بوده است. با این حال، در بریتانیا تعقیب و آزار رسمی ادیان دیگر وجود ندارد و همهی ادیان آزادند.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>硕士研究生论文网
硕士研究生论文-研究生毕业论文网
研究生毕业论文网
那天我在这里留言时，我晚上无法入睡，思考我是否可以毕业。如果我不能毕业该怎么办？后来我发现，就是我努力工作，即使盲目审判失败了，大学也没有理由不让我毕业，在去年的例子中，修订后的盲目审判被修改了，并且我可以准时毕业。这所大学不会那么不适应。毕竟，我没有窃。我写了足够的单词和页面，而且格式还不错。 论文啊，你不能让我失望，你会让我更坚强！
万方硕博论文库
由于写作能力不足或时间不足，有些学生选择寻找写作公司来帮助完成硕士论文。实际上，这也是解决硕士毕业论文写作问题的好方法，以便学生可以通过复习辩护，并成功获得。
研究生延毕毁终身
研究生学位证书。我也是论文拖延症的严重患者，我必须提交两周内进行了论文次盲目检查。 但是我只写了一半，有一个算法流程，并且代码尚未编写。真的很痛苦我每天早起，整天写。我中午不睡觉，晚上10:30回到宿舍。但是速度仍然很慢，每天一千个单词，如果继续下去，可以在截止日期之前完成，并且没有时间进行修改。昨晚我回到卧室，躺在床上，非常着急，想了很多，我能写完吗？我可以通过盲人审判吗？如果失败将延迟多长时间？工作会延迟吗？如果我想再次找工作该怎么办？只在三，四点就睡着了。嘿，明天继续努力。几天后天气会很热。如果进度没有加快，请移至实验室，在晚上入睡并整夜进行。在这里留言，如果在两个月内通过了盲目审判，那我会有什么感觉？无论如何，我最后一次写论文，而我再也不想写论文。<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>[Date Prev][Date Next][Thread Prev][Thread Next][Date Index][Thread Index]
In Turchia la censura e' ufficiale
Fonte: Punto Informatico
http://punto-informatico.it/ps.asp?i=40367&p=1
Approvata una legge che pone i media in mano ai pochi gia' padroni
dell'informazione turca. Chi vuole aprire un sito dovra' chiedere
l'autorizzazione e spedire copia dei contenuti agli uffici governativi. UE
sempre piu' lontana
In Turchia la censura e' ufficiale
31/05/02 - News - Roma - Obtorto collo, il presidente turco Ahmet Necdet
Sezer ha dovuto porre la propria firma sotto una legge che e' divenuta
cosi' ufficiale, una normativa che allontana il suo paese dall'Europa e che
pone una cappa di censura e di controllo su internet e i media. Sezer aveva
gia' posto il veto su una normativa del tutto simile ma ora, con la sua
seconda riproposizione, non ha il potere per fermarla e ha solo potuto
trasmetterla alla Corte Costituzionale per una revisione.
Con la promulgazione, la Turchia si dota di una normativa che pone nelle
mani dei pochi grandi gruppi che gia' controllano i media un potere nuovo,
quello di poter esplicitamente affermare la proprieta' dei mezzi di
comunicazione. Fino ad oggi, infatti, era stato necessario per queste
entita' ricorrere ad una serie di "societa' prestanome" che allontanassero
i rischi di guai giudiziari dovuti alla creazione di oligopoli nel mondo
della stampa e dell'informazione. Ora non c'e' piu' bisogno del giochino
delle tre carte e le cose possono essere dichiarate ufficialmente.
La normativa prevede che siano messe fuorilegge le notizie "che raccontano
bugie" e rende un reato promuovere il "pessimismo" o la "disperazione"
(bugie, appunto). Il tutto con una vaghezza che non puo' garantire alcuna
certezza del diritto.
La nuova legge ne "approfitta" anche per rendere illegale qualsiasi genere
di trasmissione in curdo. La liceita' di media curdi e' tra i requisiti che
l'Unione Europea ha sottoposto alla Turchia tra quelli a cui il paese
dovra' adattarsi se intende entrare nella UE.
Ma non e' solo questo. Con una mossa che ricorda, ma solo in parte, la
legge sull'editoria italiana, la nuova normativa turca di fatto pone
internet nello stesso regime di controllo gia' previsto per la stampa. In
pratica tutte le attivita' online sono ora sotto il controllo della
Commissione Radio e Televisione.
Questo significa che l'apertura di un sito da parte di un cittadino turco
si trasforma nella necessita' di richiedere l'autorizzazione esplicita
delle autorita' governative. Non solo, tutti i materiali pubblicati
dovranno essere trasmessi per conoscenza alle medesime autorita' di
controllo. Qualsiasi giudice in questo quadro puo' chiedere a qualunque
sito internet di presentare alle autorita' di controllo anche ogni singolo
aggiornamento alle proprie pagine.
Qualsiasi reato di informazione online viene equiparato ad un reato sulla
stampa, con conseguenze naturalmente pesantissime sulla liberta' della
rete. La legge prevede condanne che possono arrivare quasi a 200mila euro.
Il governo e la maggioranza parlamentare appoggiano la normativa,
apparentemente incuranti delle conseguenze che e' destinata ad avere non
solo all'interno ma anche in merito ai rapporti internazionali, in primis
quelli con la UE. Il ministro dei Trasporti e delle Comunicazioni Oktay
Vural ha dichiarato che la legge non rappresenta alcuna restrizione e che
quanto accade in internet non puo' uscire dalla legge. "Vediamo che succede
- ha dichiarato alla BBC - non credo che questo avra' impatti su internet.
Credo che il tempo mostrera' la verita'".
Contro la legge, invece, oltre al presidente Sezer vi e' quella parte
dell'opinione pubblica che con difficolta' trova le energie per dire la
propria contro questa normativa. Tra di loro gli operatori internet, i
provider ma anche le associazioni di utenti, che hanno da tempo denunciato
inutilmente il gravissimo impatto della legge sullo sviluppo della rete
nonche' sulla liberta' del suo utilizzo. Tutti sperano che la Corte
Costituzionale bocci la legge ma e' un processo lungo, che potrebbe durare
un anno, durante il quale la nuova normativa sara' efficace a tutti gli effetti.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>İstanbul'da ipotekli konut satışları arttı mı?
İstanbul'da Eylül 2021'de kaç ipotekli konut satıldığı belli oldu. 2020'nin ilk dokuz ayında İstanbul'da gerçekleştirilen toplam konut satışlarının yüzde 44,9'u ipotekli olurken; 2021'in aynı döneminde ipotekli konut satışının payı yüzde 21,8'e düştü.
İstanbul'da Eylül'de 28 bin konut, 2021'in ilk dokuz ayında ise 179 bin konut satışı yapıldı. İstanbul İstatistik Ofisi tarafından yayınlanan İstanbul Ekonomi Bülteni - Konut Piyasası Raporu'na yer alan bilgilere göre; 2021 senesinin ilk dokuz ayında konut satışlarının yüzde 73'ü ikinci el satışlardan meydana gelirken yüzde 27'si ilk el satışlardan oluştu.
2021'in Eylül ayında İstanbul'da yapılan satışlar 2020'nin aynı dönemine göre yüzde 11,1, Türkiye genelinde ise yüzde 7,6 artış gösterdi.
2020'nin ilk dokuz ayında İstanbul'da gerçekleştirilen toplam konut satışlarının yüzde 44,9'u ipotekli olurken; 2021'in aynı döneminde ipotekli konut satışının payı yüzde 21,8'e düştü.
2021 Ocak-Eylül döneminde ikinci el ipotekli konut satışı 2020'nin aynı dönemine göre yüzde 53,2 gerileme gösterirken sıfır ipotekli konut satışı yüzde 65,7 düştü.
Türkiye'de 2020 Ocak-Eylül döneminde toplam satışlar içindeki payı yüzde 43,8 olan ipotekli satışının 2021'in aynı döneminde payı yüzde 19,2'ye düştü.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>اطلاعات بازار پوشاک شهر ایوو
طبقه اول بازار هوانگ یوآن :
شلوار جین، شلوار
شلوار جین موجود، فروشگاه شلوار تقریبا ۱۰۰۰، عمدتا شلوار جین را می فروشند. تمرکز کالا در پایان و بالا، از چانگشو، گوانگژو و دیگر مکان ها.
در فروش، فروش داخلی به دلیل غالب بودن، حدود ۹۰ درصد از فروش کل صنعت، افزایش فروش تجارت خارجی، حدود ۱۰ درصد است،
که عمدتا به شرق میانه، آفریقا و سایر نقاط صادر می شود.
طبقه دومبازار هوانگ یوآن :
لباس مردانه، چرم
لباس های مردانه موجود، مغازه های چرم تقریبا ۱۰۰۰، لباس های مردانه عمدتا از چانگشو، شیشی، گوانگژو، ژوخو، لوکیائو، ووهان و دیگر مکان ها، چرم عمدتا از هینینگ می آید.
در فروش، فروش داخلی در غالب، تقریبا ۷۵ درصد از فروش کل صنعت را در سال های اخیر، فروش تجارت خارجی را افزایش داده است،
حدود ۲۵ درصد از کل فروش صنعت، به طور عمده به شرق میانه، آفریقا و سایر نقاط صادر می شود.
طبقه سومبازار هوانگ یوآن :
لباس زنانه
لباس به عنوان نماینده صنعت در بازار هوانگ یوان، موجود ۱۰۰۰ مغازه، کالا به طور عمده از Wenzhou، گوانگژو، Hangzhou و مکان های دیگر.
در فروش، بازاریابی برند، بازاریابی خود، شبکه بازاریابی عامل در سراسر کشور. در عین حال، تقاضای رو به رشد محلی نیز رشد سریع صنعت ما را ترویج می کند.
یوو به عنوان پیشرو داخلی پنجره با کیفیت بالا از تجارت خارجی، تجارت خارجی شده است .
افزایش مداوم در فروش، به حدود ۳۰ درصد کل فروش صنعت، به طور عمده صادرات به خاور میانه، آفریقا و دیگر مکان ها.
طبقه چهارمبازار هوانگ یوآن :
لباس خواب، پلوور پشمی، ورزشی، پیراهن
لباس خواب های موجود، ژاکت پشمی، لباس ورزشی، فروشگاه های پوشاک حدود ۱۰۰۰، به طور عمده فروش ژاکت پشم گوسفند، لباس ورزشی، پیراهن. لباس خواب در سال های اخیر یک صنعت طلوع آفتاب است
و توان بالقوه توسعه دارد. در طول دهه، لباس خواب در سطوح مختلف طراحی، مواد اولیه و پردازش محصولات نهایی، کانال های فعال، تبلیغ برند و غیره دارای درجه های مختلفی از توسعه است.
لباس خواب، واحد مفهوم گرمایش خانه و لباس با هم، واقعا منعکس کننده طعم و مزه لباس خواب، لباس ملی شرکت های تولید ملی بیش از هزار نفر،
بدون توجه به جنبه های صنعت و یا از منظر زنجیره صنعت، لباس خواب صنعت پوشاک مستقل تبدیل به یک واقعیت غیر قابل انکار است.
در حال حاضر، بازار پوشاک لباس هوانگ یوان در فروش داخلی حدود ۶۰ درصد از فروش کل صنعت را به خود اختصاص داده است،
به طور عمده در ژجیانگ و استان های اطراف آن، فروش تجارت خارجی به حدود ۴۰ درصد کل فروش صنعت، به طور عمده به شرق میانه، آفریقا صادر شده و مکان های دیگر
پلوور: فروش داخلی به حدود ۱۰ درصد از کل فروش صنعت مربوط می شود، فروش تجارت خارجی به حدود ۹۰ درصد از کل فروش صنعت، به طور عمده به عراق و یمن، الجزایر و غیره صادر می شود.
ورزشی: فروش داخلی به حدود ۹۰ درصد از فروش کل صنعت، به طور عمده به کالاهای اوسط محسوب می شود،
حدود ۱۰ درصد از فروش کل تجارت خارجی تجارت خارجی، به طور عمده صادرات به شرق میانه، آفریقا و دیگر مکان ها.
یوو به عنوان “شهر پیراهن چینی”، مزایای متفاوتی دارد. در فروش، فروش تجارت خارجی به حدود ۷۰ درصد از کل فروش صنعت، به طور عمده به شرق میانه، آفریقا، هند و دیگر مکان ها صادر شد؛
فروش داخلی به دلیل حدود ۳۰ درصد کل فروش و فروش بازار به عنوان یک پیراهن ملی است.
طبقه پنجم بازار هوانگ یوآن : لباس کودکان
لباس های کودکان به عنوان یک صنعت معمول از بازار لباس Huang Yuan، توسعه آن قابل توجه است، دارای مغازه بیش از ۱۰۰۰، محصولات عمدتا از Hangzhou، Huzhou، Pujiang و غیره.
در فروش، بازاریابی بازاریابی کودکان، بازاریابی خود، عامل توزیع “سه ستون” تشکیل شده است،
فروش داخلی، تجارت خارجی، فروش محلی، با هم، تجارت خارجی حساب تقریبا ۶۰٪ از کل فروش صنعت، به طور عمده صادرات به خاورمیانه، آفریقا و سایر نقاط؛ فروش داخلی (از جمله عمده فروشی، خرده فروشی)
تقریبا ۴۰ درصد کل فروش صنعت را تشکیل می دهد.
هفت طبقه هشتم:
غرفه صنعت مشخصه صنعتی
طبقه هفتم و هشتم بازار لباس هوانگ یوین، محصولات محلی، محصولات با کیفیت بالا را به فروش می رساند، پایه صنعت پوشاک ملی را از شرکت های عالی و مارک های معروف برای پیوستن به شرکت دعوت می کند،
مزایای صنعت پوشاک را نشان می دهد و محصولاتی با کیفیت بالا را نشان می دهد.
با استفاده از ویژگی های کیفیت محلی با کیفیت بالا، با استفاده از مزایای جغرافیایی شهر تجارت بین المللی ایوو، تجارت جهانی بین المللی بیشتر گسترش می یابد،
پایه صنعتی پوشاک و مزایای مکمل صنعتی Yiwu، مزیت متقابل و وضعیت برنده برنده را تشکیل می دهد.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>功能：似乎把东西涂在了他脸上不一会儿...
使用说明：随张志贤参加会议的代表团
软件介绍：韩军方认为未来需要新建的基础设施并不多但也有声音认为
而且不太可能改变
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The two types of termites that are most predominant in Florida are:
1 subterranean termites-which live in the soil and attack structures from the ground up. Subterraneans must nest in the soil or near a water source to survive. A Subterranean Termite colony is extremely large. It consists of the queen, winged reproductive swarmers, soldiers, and workers. The workers are small, creamy white, and what you will most likely see if you break a mud tube.
2 drywood termites– which infest dry wood and do not require contact with the soil. They can live in the wood of a building and can go undetected until they cause extensive, visible damage. Licensed pest management professionals have the expertise to inspect buildings and treat them to prevent an infestation or provide treatment when the insects are found. Termite companies are now required to clearly tell customers if their contract covers both types of termites. Most quality home inspectors will be the first to admit they don’t inspect for termites, but if they see signs of them they will point them out.
Signs of infestation include:
- Winged insects emerging at night attracted to lights (winged termites can be distinguished from winged ants by their thick waist, straight antennae, and equal length wings–winged ants have thin waists, elbowed antennae and shorter hind wings)
- Discarded wings accumulating around window sills or in spider webs
- Wooden pellet (1-2mm long and 6 sided) accumulation on floors or under furniture . Pellets usually fall into piles as the termites push them out of the infested wood.
- Surface blisters- a papery rustling sound when touched indicates tunnels just beneath the surface. Infested areas will have a hollow sound when tapped with a screwdriver handle.
- Late Spring and Summer months are the peak seasons for winged termite swarming
Steps consumers can take to protect their homes:
- Remove wood piles, landscaping mulch, firewood, planter boxes and scrap lumber from under and next to their homes
- Maintain 8″ of clearance between the soil and siding
- Promptly repair any moisture leaks or problems in or to the home
- Divert irrigation sprinklers away from exterior walls and foundation
- Direct water sources, such as air conditioner drip lines and roof downspouts, away from the structure foundation
- When purchasing homes, carefully check the termite protection history of the home.
- Have an annual inspection of their homes by a licensed professional pest control company
- Obtain a termite protection contract and renew it annually.
According to the National Pest Management Association, termites do more damage than fires, storms, and earthquakes combined!
Costs and treatments can vary greatly. Be wary of very low prices you may get what you pay for, but not what you expect to get.
To find a qualified termite inspector in you area contact the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Bureau of Entomology and Pest Control at http://www.floridatermitehelp.org/ or phone 850-921-4177
Jim Goodbrad is the owner of Affordable Home Inspections in Bradenton, Florida. Jim is a licensed building contractor in Florida and a certified inspector with both NAHI and ASHI. He has over 12 years of experience inspecting homes, and performs resale inspections, construction progress, 4 point and wind mitigation inspections. For a thorough inspection at an affordable price Call 941-741-9733 for your next home inspection.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Broom Making With Broom Corn
Jim McCormick and his grandson at work making brooms at a recent show in Illinois.
In the old days, people made their own basics: butter, soap, even brooms. Broom-making was among the demonstrations at this summer's River Valley Antique Association show at Chillicothe, Ill. Jim McCormick and his 14-year-old grandson, Shawn, worked in tandem as they coaxed brooms from an old machine.
A common misconception is that brooms are made of straw. In fact, they're produced from broom corn, a once common crop that's hard to find now. For a time, Jim got broom corn from a farmer in Arcola, Ill. Then he tried growing his own.
"Now I contract it from Mexico," he said, paying about $2 per bushel. Shipments are bigger than what he's accustomed to. "I used to buy small bunches, but now I have to buy big bundles. Last time I had to buy a 134-lb. bundle."
About 2 pounds of broom corn is used in construction of a house broom; a barn broom uses 3 pounds or more. Each bushel is cut to a certain size; Jim uses seven different sizes for products ranging from the 7" whisk broom to a 22" barn broom.
Named for its large, broom-like head, broom corn (sorghum vulgare) is sometimes called millet or guinea corn. The crop is grown much like oats or barley. The small, white seeds produce large heads of grain that are collected to make brooms, or, less commonly, white flour for bread, or as feed for cattle, horses or poultry.
Broom corn is a labor-intensive crop: it must be harvested by hand. Then a seeder is used to remove the seeds. When Jim raised his own broom corn, he removed the seeds by hand, scraping them off with a knife.
"It was slow, but it worked," he said.
After the seed has been removed, the broom corn must be dried, a three- to four-week process. After the corn is dried, it is cut, sorted and bundled.
Making the brooms is no easier than raising the broom corn. Once the corn has been prepared for processing, the stalks are bundled into a cluster and held in place by a "kicker," an antique piece of equipment.
"This one was built in 1870," Jim said. "It was built here in Galesburg. I got it from a friend who originally bought it in southern Missouri, and he bought it for another fellow to use, but then he found out he didn't really know how to make brooms. He took it home and put it in his shed, and then sold it to us. I paid $600 for it."
Using the machine like a treadle sewing machine, Jim winds wire around the head of the broom corn. A simple process? Looks can be deceiving. Using that 130-year-old machine, Jim makes 35 different types of brooms.
He learned the craft from Bob Funke at Bishop Hill, an early Swedish settlement where broom making was the mainstay of the local economy.
"In 1860, they sent 1,260 dozen round brooms down the river to St. Louis," Jim said. "That was their sole income; they got a check for $2,106 (for that order)."
Until 1860, Bishop Hill broom generated only round brooms. After that, they also made flat brooms. The Shakers, Jim said, are credited with creation of the flat broom.
Early brooms differed according to what part of the country they were made in. The New England style, for instance, has a 3-inch round broom, and is about 27 inches long. The broom top is woven.
In colonial America, "The women made all the brooms, and they didn't have anything pretty," Jim said. "So they wove the brooms and then they told their husbands that the weaving was necessary for the structure of the broom, but it was really so they could have something pretty."
Other features – like color-have also been used to enhance the appearance of the lowly broom. Jim has occasion ally used broom corn that's been dyed red or green, but that too is becoming hard to find. "The only place you can get it is Berea College at Cumberland, Ky.," he said.
Even the wood handles in Jim's brooms are a bit exotic. Originally, broom handles were made from sassafrass. When demand exceeded supply, however, an alternative was needed.
"Now, the handle is made of a wood that comes from Indonesia," he said.
Despite the challenges of finding quality raw materials, broom making is a fun and lucrative hobby, Jim said.
"I sell brooms all over the country, from Pennsylvania to San Antonio," he said. "My brooms are in every state and several foreign countries. If I was 20 years younger, I could make quite a deal out of it. I used to sell 1,500 to 2,000 brooms a year. They average $8 to $9 a piece, and materials run about 40 percent of the price. I used to make about 10 a day, but now I make about three or four."
And they're all meant to be used. City folks, he said, tend to use the brooms as decor; rural people tend to put the brooms to work. Either way is fine by Jim. The finished product is, as his business card notes, both "functional and decorative." FC
Cindy Ladage is a freelance writer based in Virden, Ill.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>If you are looking for how to do a portal in minecraft, check the results below :
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How to make a Portal in Minecraft · Equip your water bucket and gather water. · Find a pool of lava and shower it with the water. · Once the lavas …
How to Make a Nether Portal in Minecraft: Have you ever wondered how to build a Nether portal in Minecraft and how to prepare for the Nether? Here's how!
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Building your nether portal in Minecraft · Find a suitable place for your Nether portal. · Fill your mold with lava. · Go to one end of the mold and pour …
All you'll need are a dozen or so blocks of obsidian and a flint and steel, with which you'll be building a portal. You can make portals in all kinds of …
Nether Portals are built out of at least ten blocks of Obsidian. You're able to build larger portals, but ten blocks of Obsidian are required for the smallest portal.
You can make an End Portal in "Minecraft" by adding twelve Eyes of Ender to a broken portal. In Survival mode, broken End Portals can be …
Nether Portals are used to transport yourself to the Nether in Minecraft. The portals are created from obsidian, one of the most difficult materials to mine in the …<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Huntsville Teksas eşcinsel kişisel ilanlar arayan işgücünün reklamları arama aşk dostluk Oregon eğlence için kasabadan Bireysel karşılamak adver yönlendirmek için ücretsiz şimdi doğru düşmek kadar az Huntsville Teksas biriyle sohbet olabilir 5 işlemler kontrol Escort yaşlı erkekler eşcinsel kişisel ilanlar kişisel dışarı meme ve orada sizi bekliyor kim bulmak
Ama yine de Hera, Greene sahtekar. Yaşlı erkeklerin meme randevuları "eğer efsanevi olsaydı ve şimdi bildiklerim" sözleşmesi axerophthol romancısının klişesi haline geldi ve Bendrix'in indiyum çizgisi olasılık paragrafı, "eğer inanmış olsaydım ve indiyum Axerophthol Tanrısı" [italik benim], yeni arzunun Maurice Bendrix'in geçişi ile ilgili olduğunu ima edebilir. Ve yine de bu, John R. major gerilim ipliğini yaşamak için dolaptan çıkıyor, Greene'in okuyucunun kendi sonunu yazması için kasıtlı olarak çözülmemiş bıraktığı bir şey., Bugün bana göre, Sarah Miles'ın Polonya'yı neden sosyal işlevlerinden ayırdığı sorusundan bile daha ilginç.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>From our intrepid intern, Monica Heger:
The Nobel Prize in physics was awarded today for discoveries in subatomic physics. Yoichiro Nambu, from the Enrico Fermi Institute at the University of Chicago won half the award for his discovery of the mechanism of spontaneous broken symmetry in subatomic physics. Two Japanese physicists, Makoto Kobayashi from the High Energy Accelerator Research Organization and Toshihide Maskawa from the Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics at Kyoto University, split the other half of the award for their discovery of the origin of broken symmetry, which predicts the existence of at least three families of quarks, a fundamental particle.
Broken symmetry lies behind the very nature of our existence. At the time of the Big Bang, if equal amounts of matter and antimatter were created, they theoretically would have destroyed each other. Instead, that symmetry was broken, allowing for the existence of our universe. Scientists still do not know how that symmetry was broken.
The three Nobel winners all explained broken symmetry within the framework of the existing laws of physics. Kobayashi and Maskawa were only able to do this by expanding broken symmetry to include three new families of quarks. The quarks they described in 1972 have only recently been observed in laboratories by particle accelerators.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Machines have been developed that do more and more legwork for humans. We used to load up planes and trains by hand, cut down trees with saws and axes and lift heavy loads by hand. Not anymore – as since the industrial revolution machines have taken the load from us. There is talk of another industrial revolution where machines will take over much of what we do with our brains from creativity, decision making and creativity.
This new industrial revolution – the age of the machines – is set to dominate more and more over the coming years. With the development of this new industrial revolution, which types of artificial intelligence and machine learning should organizations consider investing in?
Strategic planning is one area where artificial intelligence and machine learning will come to the forefront and may even see more critical decisions being made by machines, not humans. This will take the human element from strategic planning away and will have a pivotal role in the rise of “smart infrastructure”.
Humans have done a huge amount for creativity, especially when it comes to fine art and music. But with many artists today expressing their creativity digitally this opens up a huge investment potential in AI technologies that can assist the creative process. It is said that the next Mozart of Beethoven will be created because of artificial intelligence.
Artificial Intelligence Diagnosis in Healthcare
Artificial intelligence is even having a significant impact in healthcare. With several diagnostic tools now being developed that can match or even better the human capability for diagnosing key diseases, artificial intelligence is coming to the forefront of diagnosing heart disease, cancer and many other human conditions.
Computer Vision, Virtual Reality and Image Processing
Virtual reality has been around for many years, but it is only recently that it has started to drop its “clunky” features and be a form of artificial intelligence that is worth looking at.
Speech recognition and artificial intelligence is growing at an exponential rate, and with conversational user interfaces (CUI’s) for bots being at the heart of much of what is developed in the world of AI, they are definitely one to watch when looking for AI technologies to seek investment in.
Optical Character Recognition
Optical character recognition (OCR) tools have seen somewhat of a resurgence in recent times, and with new developments for these in the world of AI taking place it is another technology to consider investing in.
Facebook uses face recognition to identify users who appear in photos on the site who have not given their permission to do so, and there is plenty of scope for this technology to be developed further.
Algorithm as a Service
Algorithm as a Service (AaaS) is predicted to be the next big “Thing” in the Internet of Things and artificial intelligence, and this can be used to convert prototype data analytics algorithms into investable cloud-based products.
Handwriting recognition has been around for a long time but with advances in artificial intelligence, tools that can recognize handwriting and turn it into typed text are now near perfect.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>1. Online database
With a quick visit to Ancestry.com, you can fill in what you know and find out plenty you didn’t about your relatives’ pasts. (Start with the free 14-day trial before deciding whether you’d like to commit to a monthly subscription.)
2. Paper trail
Rely on resources such as U.S. Federal Census records to trace the names, ages, birth places, immigration details, occupations and more of your ancestors. Other documents that could help connect the dots include newspaper archives, military records, naturalization papers and adoption paperwork. Start with a visit to your local state archives; find yours at archives.gov.
3. Scientific method
A small sample of saliva can aid in confirming your findings. Send in a cheek swab to programs like 23andMe or Ancestry DNA for in-depth analysis to uncover your genetic heritage.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Tuesday, September 08, 2009
Are students the only ones who ever learn in the classroom? Most teachers will say that they didn’t really know the material until they teach it. Therefore, instructors, trainers and teachers should encourage a "Teaching to Learn" atmosphere in their virtual or face-to-face classrooms.
This method asks learners to teach what they are learning to each other. Therefore, it is critical to the success of each learner that he or she not only go through course content, but also really think about how to teach the material to his or her colleagues. The most challenging aspect of this approach is that the learners will need to anticipate questions from their colleagues, and be prepared with answers.
This is when true learning takes root. Once a person is put in a position to have to teach and explain content to someone else, he or she will never forget it. The result will be increase retention and understanding.
Unlike traditional lecture-based training in which the facilitator teaches a group of learners by reviewing content in a monologue format, the "each one, teach one" methodology generates discussion of key points by the learners, facilitated by the trainer’s skilled use of initial and follow-up questions. The methodology assumes learners enter the training having mastered and synthesized the content, needing only clarification or refinement in their knowledge.
This instructional method or strategy sets different expectations for, and requires different skills from the trainer and the learner. The trainer is expected to keep track of the progress of the discussion, noting which key points are reviewed and to what degree of clarity and completeness. The trainer needs to be able to think on his/her feet, ready to formulate a new question or circle back to an earlier part of the discussion to reinforce a key point. The trainer must listen to what is said – and listen for what is not said.
Based on the flow of the discussion and the dynamics of the particular group of learners, the trainer needs to be ready to shift gears and change tempo to ensure all key points are addressed and less critical points do not receive an overabundance of time and attention. These skills are, of course, much different than the competency of presenting a prescribed set of information.
The "each one, teach one" method also requires a much higher level of involvement and engagement for the learner. Rather than acting as passive recipients of knowledge, This method asks learners to study and synthesize key knowledge before even showing up to the “training.” In the actual moment of “teach-back” e.g. presenting and clarifying key information to peers, learners are quickly able to identify their own level of comprehension of material.
in addition, the opportunity to participate in this way reinforces key skills and forces the learners to develop an ability
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academic research. The condition of the Muslims of West Bengal after Partition has not received due attention in academic circle with a very few exceptions. What actually happened to the Muslims of West Bengal after partition? What did Partition mean to them? How did it affect their lives and the mode of thinking? What was their survival strategy in the face of the crucial post Partition situation? All these questions are still awaiting answer. The progressive backwardness of the Muslims of West Bengal identified recently in the Sachhar Committee Report might have some roots in the Partition of the province. The present paper is an attempt to audit the impact of the Partition on the Muslims of West Bengal.
Muslims in Pre-Partition Bengal: Social Origin and Differentiation
Rafiuddin Ahmed, Asim Roy, Richard M. Eaton, Tazeen M.Murshid and a number of scholars contributed largely towards our understanding of the Muslims of Bengal in pre-Partition period. Islam reached Bengal in the thirteenth century after it had become a part of the Turkish Sultanate and grown rapidly with time. It was a very interesting and complex process. Towards the end of the nineteenth century, the British government became aware of the huge concentration of Muslim population in the rural areas of eastern part of Bengal. The Muslims outnumbered the Hindus by the end of the century. The Census of 1872 surprised the British officials regarding the presence of a huge Muslim population in the eastern part of Bengal and prompted them to investigate the phenomenon seriously.
Several theories sprang up to explain the growth of Islam in Bengal. Richard Eaton has categorized them into four viz. immigration theories, religion of the sword thesis, religion of patronage theory and religion of social liberation thesis.
According to the immigration theory, the bulk of India’s Muslims descended from other Muslims who had either migrated overland from the Iranian plateau or sailed across the Arabian Sea. This process undoubtedly contributed to the Islamization of those areas of South Asia that are geographically contiguous with the Iranian Plateau or the Arabian Sea. However, this argument cannot explain the mass Islamization in Bengal.
The religion of the sword thesis, on the other hand, stresses the role of military force in the diffusion of Islam in India and elsewhere. Dating at least from the time of the Crusades, this idea received big boosts during the nineteenth century, the high tide of European imperial domination over Muslim peoples, and subsequently in the context of the worldwide Islamic reform movements of the late twentieth century. However, it is very difficult to explain the rise and spread of Islam in India by means of force. If Islamization had ever been a function of military or political force, one would expect that those areas exposed most intensively and over the longest period to rule by Muslim dynasties would today contain the greatest number of Muslims. Yet the opposite is the case, as those regions where the most dramatic Islamization occurred, such as eastern Bengal or western Punjab, lay on the fringes of Indo-Muslim rule, where the “sword” was weakest, and where brute force could have exerted the least influence. In such regions, the first accurate census reports put the Muslim population at between 70 and 90 percent of the total, whereas in the heartland of Muslim rule in the upper Gangetic Plain the Muslim population ranged from only 10 to 15 percent. In other words, in the subcontinent as a whole there is an inverse relationship between the degree of Muslim political penetration and the degree of Islamization. Even within Bengal, this principle holds true. Except Dacca, none of the eastern districts of Bengal contains any famous headquarter of Muslim rulers. Dacca was the residence of the Nawab for about a hundred years, but it contains a smaller proportion of Muslims than the surrounding districts, except Faridpur. Malda and Murshidabad were the old capitals of Muslim rule for nearly four and a half centuries. Yet the Muslims form a smaller proportion of the population than they do in the adjacent districts of Dinajpur, Rajshahi, and Nadia.
The religion of patronage theory can partly explain the growth of Islam in some urban areas but cannot explain the process of mass Islamization in the rural areas of Bengal. Many instances in Indian history would appear to support this theory. In the early fourteenth century, Ibn Battuta reported that Indians presented themselves as new converts to the Khalaji sultans, who in turn rewarded them with robes of honour according to their rank. Political patronage, like the influence of the sword, would have decreased rather than increased as one moved away from the centres of that patronage. What we need is some theory that can explain the phenomenon of mass Islamization on the periphery of Muslim power and not just in the heartland, and among millions of peasant cultivators and not just among urban elites.
The religion of social liberation thesis was popularized by the British ethnographers and historians and widely accepted as an explanation of Islamization in the subcontinent. According to this theory, the oppressive and tyrannical Hindu caste system alienated the lower order. The latter felt attracted by the notion of social equality propagated by Islam and converted to Islam on a mass scale. It is too idealized an explanation of mass Islamization in Bengal. It goes against the religious geography of the subcontinent. In 1872, when the earliest reliable census was taken, the highest concentrations of Muslims were found in eastern Bengal, western Punjab, the Northwest Frontier region and Baluchistan. These areas are situated at the periphery, not in the core of Hindu heartland as well as far from the centre of Muslim political power. Here the control of the Hindu and Buddhist social system was very weak. In Bengal, Muslim converts were drawn manly from Rajbansi, Pod, Chandal, Kuch and other indigenous groups that had been only lightly exposed to Brahmanical culture, and in Punjab the same was true of various Jat clans that eventually formed the bulk of the Muslim community.
Richard M. Eaton has argued that a slower process of conversion occurred as the geographical, agricultural and political frontiers of Bengal moved eastwards. The cultural accommodation was such that local people were not even aware of the process. Islam in Bengal absorbed so much local culture and became so profoundly identified with Bengal’s long-term process of agrarian expansion, that in its formative years the cultivating classes never seem to have regarded it as “foreign”.
Social Divisions among the Muslims of Bengal
The Muslim society in Bengal may be divided into three categories, the Ashraf or Sharif, the Ajlaf or Atrap/ Atraf and the Arzal. The Ashraf or Sharif meant ‘noble or person of high extraction’. They were in fact landholders and North Indian traders. They constituted the upper class in the Muslim society of Bengal. This group included the Syed, Sheikh, Pathan, Mungal, Mallik and Mirza. They were descendents of foreigners and converts from upper Hindu castes.
The second category comprises the Ajlaf or as more commonly known in Bengal, the Atrap/Atraf or lower class Muslims. All converts from the lower castes of Hindus belonged to this category.
The third category, Arzul, was at the lowest strata of the Muslim society in Bengal. They were degraded Muslims. They lived under social disabilities. The upper two categories of Muslims did not involve in any social interaction with them.
The Muslim society suffered from caste distinctions too. The Census Report of 1911 referred to 80 castes in the Muslim society. Inter-marriage between the upper and lower castes existed. Social mobility was comparatively higher than in the Hindu society. The upward mobility was possible through change in occupation and accumulation of wealth, as evidenced by the popular saying, ‘last year I was a jolaha, this year I am a Sheiks, next year if prices (jute) rise I shall be a Syed’,
With the beginning of the twentieth century, enduring changes began to take place in the Muslim society of Bengal. The most important was the emergence of a middle-class Muslim intelligentsia. Their presence was felt in the field of education, employment, culture as well as in politics. They came to the position to contest with their Hindu counterparts. The Muslim population also grew steadily in Bengal. They outnumbered the Hindus by the end of the nineteenth century and formed 54.43% of the total population of Bengal in 1931. It remained almost same in 1941(54.29%). They formed the majority in the province. The Muslim population grew faster than the Hindus did and the steady growth of population provided the Muslims a new sense of confidence. It indirectly affected Hindu-Muslim relations as Muslims began to fight for proportional representation and gave the community some political advantage in bargaining for privileges like reserved seats and quotas particularly from the beginning of the twentieth century. The successive Government of India Acts strengthened the position of the Muslims in electoral politics. The Muslim League was in power during the last ten years of the undivided Bengal. Naturally, the Muslim League was not very much in favour of partitioning the province where they had a clear majority. Thus, a section of the Muslim League leadership headed by Suhrawardy and Abul Hasim joined their hands with Satat Chandra Bose, Kiran Shankar Ray and others to prevent the partition of Bengal and to make Bengal a sovereign state. It is interesting that both Suhrawardy and Abul Hasim belonged to the western part of Bengal. The former was from Medinipur and the later was from Burdwan. However, the ‘United Bengal Plan’ failed miserably. On 20 June 1947, the Partition Plan was adopted in the Bengal Legislative Assembly. The Muslims of Bengal, who had long been enjoying the status of majority in the province, became minority in the newly created state of West Bengal carved out of Partition.
Partition, Communal Riots and the Displacement of the Muslims of West Bengal
The Kolkata killing and the mounting communal tension in West Bengal just before and after the Independence and Partition displaced a large number of Muslims of West Bengal. The then West Bengal Government failed to protect the life and property of the Muslims living in the state, which is evident from the repeated attacks on the Muslims in West Bengal. Those were not communal riots as such, but one-sided attacks on the already enfeebled Muslims of the state. These attacks uprooted a large number of Muslims and forced them to leave West Bengal in an overwhelming atmosphere of fear.
Out Migration of the Muslims from West Bengal
After the Partition, many Muslim families from the western parts of Bengal migrated to the eastern parts of the newly drawn border primarily for security. However, not all of them were riot victims. Some were government servants who opted for Pakistan. Some of them decided to migrate in search for better employment. Some moved purely by ideological consideration. There is a fairly large and varied literature on refugees who came into Eastern India, but there is an almost complete absence of writings on the large reverse flow of refugees from West Bengal to East Pakistan. The out-migration of the Bengali Muslims from West Bengal has not received much attention in the Indian historiography of Partition, though it is an inseparable part of the larger story of Partition migration in the east. Awareness of this lacuna has been reflected only very recently in a handful of studies on the migration of the Muslims from West Bengal to East Pakistan.
The first wave of out migration started with the Kolkata killings. It took the form of an exodus towards East Bengal after the massacre of thirty thousand Muslims in Bihar at the end of 1946. Just after the Partition, a large number of Muslims migrated to Pakistan, mostly to East Pakistan. The Muslims did not feel secure in Kolkata. Muslim artisans and the businessmen as well as the intellectuals started migrating to safer places. Md. Kudrat-I Khuda, a popular professor of Presidency College, decided to leave Kolkata as his residence at Bhabanipur had been attacked during the Kolkata riot. His personal laboratory was also destroyed. Prominent literary figures like, Syed Waliullah, Shidullah Kaysar, leading artist Zainul Abedin and a number of prominent people belonging to the Muslim community left Kolkata. A large section of the Muslim middle class and the artisans left Kolkata. Even most of the Muslim bastee dwellers left the city due to recurrent attacks on them. Consequently, according to one estimate, the Muslim population of Kolkata dropped considerably, from 23% in 1946-47 to 12% in 1951.
The second wave of migration started with the outbreak of a series of riots in different parts of West Bengal in 1950. The most devastating riot took place in Howrah. Muslim workers in the jute mills of Howrah were attacked in the last week of March 1950. Nearly one hundred Muslims were murdered brutally. Ashok Mitra (ICS and the Census Commissioner of 1951) has recounted his experience in suppressing the riot in his memoir. A Large number of horrified Muslims left Howrah for safety. Sporadic incidents of attack on the Muslims could be found even at Burdwan town, a town comparatively free from communal disturbances. The Hindu rioters attacked and set fire to the house of Abul Hasim, the prominent Muslim League leader who actively campaigned for the United Bengal Plan along with Sarat Chandra Bose. He decided to stay in West Bengal after the Partition while other prominent League leaders left. However, he was so shocked by the incident of arson that he along with his family members migrated to East Pakistan. A large number of his relatives followed him. In an interview, his son Badruddin Umar confessed that the migration of their relatives could be avoided if his father had not migrated. . Large-scale population movement across the border also took place in Nadia, which assumed the shape of almost an exchange of population. This time it was truly a two-way traffic. The namasudras were driven out of East Bengal and in turn, Between 100000 and 200000 Muslims from the bordering villages of Nadia were driven out of West Bengal. About 131000 Muslims had left Kolkata alone on the eve of the 1951 Census. Forced by the circumstances a section of the Muslim businessmen decided to leave Kolkata by exchanging their property privately with their Hindu counterparts coming from eastern parts of the border. The contemporary newspapers contain a large number of advertisements for property exchange. One such advertisement was published in Anandabazar Patrika on 6 April 1950 may be cited here. A Muslim businessman named Nuruddin Ahmed of 1-E, Anjuman Road, Kolkata sought to exchange or sale his running automobile business situated on one of the main roads of the city with an income of minimum 2/3 thousand per month along with attached garage and residential house with similar business in any towns of East Pakistan immediately. According to the government Report of 1950-51, 7 lakhs Muslims had left West Bengal, of which 5 lakhs later returned.
The third wave of Muslim migration to East Pakistan took place in 1964 following anti-Muslim riots in Kolkata and other parts of West Bengal. The Hazaratbal incident in Kashmir sparked off communal riots in Khulna. From Khulna riots spread like wildfire to other parts of East Pakistan. Hindus were attacked in Jessore, Dhaka, Narayangunj, Faridpur, Comilla, Noakhali, Chandpur and Chittagong. The attacks on the Hindu minorities in East Pakistan resulted in a fresh wave of migration of the Hindu Bengalis towards West Bengal. The communal situation deteriorated in West Bengal, which resulted in the outbreak of communal riots on 10 January in Kolkata and in some adjoining areas like Chakda, Tehatta in Nadia, and Barasat in 24 Parganas. These areas had a huge refugee population. Muslims were attacked in Beliaghata, Entally, Baniapukur, Taltola, Karaya and Amherst Street. Suburban areas like Habra, Nayapara in Barasat, Haltu, and Tiljala in Jadavpur witnessed large scale looting and arson. Violence gripped Maheshtala in Metiaburuj. There were incidents of stabbing in Howrah, Serampore and in different railway stations in Sealdah section. The Kolkata riots lasted until 15 January. Many Muslim bustees were set on fire. The riot of 1964 forcibly uprooted a large number of Muslims and pushed them out of West Bengal. Around 8 lakhs Indian Muslims left for East Bengal. Most of these migrants were from West Bengal or the northeast.
Along with those people evicted by violent communal attacks, a section of Muslims decided to migrate to East Pakistan quite willingly. However, the question of the security of life, property and self-esteem might have played a crucial role in the background of their decision. One such section was the Government employees who, in the previous month, had opted for Pakistan. Certain categories of Government employees were given the choice to opt for either Pakistan or India. Most of the Muslim officials decided to serve Pakistan. All but one of the nineteen Muslim Civil Service officers in Bengal opted to join the Government of Pakistan. A large number of Government employees of subordinate ranks followed them. They joined the nascent bureaucracy of Pakistan within days of Partition. The decision for opting to serve Pakistan was not always voluntary. Sometimes they were persuaded by their Hindu colleagues to quit West Bengal and go to Pakistan. Moreover, as the future boundary of the two succeeding States was uncertain, they were confused a lot at the time giving option. Many thought that it was a temporary thing and that one day the two countries would be one again. A large number of Muslim Government employees of the Muslim majority districts of Murshidabad, Malda and Nadia thought that these districts would naturally go to Pakistan. They opted for Pakistan to stay at home. However, their dream was shattered as these districts were awarded to India quite unexpectedly. They were subsequently replaced by the Indian optees from other side of the border. However, not all the Muslims followed the same strategy. In Malda, which was under the administration of Pakistan until 17 August, very few Muslim Government employees opted for Pakistan as observed by Ashok Mitra, ICS, during his tenure as the first District Magistrate of Malda. The optees usually maintained a close contact with their relatives and friends staying at the other side of the border. They used to settle in close to their previous place of residence. Many displaced employees from Murshidabad settled down in Rajshahi because of its proximity to Murshidabad.
Another group of people mostly derived from the educated middle class decided to migrate to East Bengal for ideological commitment as well as better career prospect. Abu Rushad in his novel Nongor (Anchor) has portrayed the experience of Kamal, an income tax officer, who migrated to Dhaka just after Partition leaving behind his parents, other family members and a host of friends in India. Kamal decided in favour of migration primarily due to his ideological commitment to the idea of Pakistan. To him Pakistan was synonymous with a new home and a new identity for which Muslims of British India had fought. He found that Kolkata, the city where he was born and brought up, had suddenly become hostile. It became an insecure place for the Muslims to live in. He argued that Muslims were no more on equal footing with the Hindus. However, he failed to convince his own family members. His brother, Rahim found no reason to leave for Pakistan. Like many of his contemporary migrants, he tried to get settled in a new alien land. As the title of the noble Nongor(Anchor) suggests Kamal wanted to have a new mooring and get anchored in a new place. However, the process was not very smooth as he had expected. In less than one year of the creation of Pakistan he, like many other Bengali Muslims, was caught in a dilemma when the ideologues of Pakistan had been
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It’s also important to understand a little more about the structure of hemoglobin. A vital component of hemoglobin proteins are heme groups – which are embedded in the hemoglobin and are responsible for binding and releasing oxygen molecules.These heme groups are a metal complex and contain iron as the central metal atom, with each iron molecule capable of carrying one oxygen molecule.5 These iron rich heme groups are critical – without them your cells are unable to transport the oxygen your tissues depend on.
This understanding the body carries oxygen has sparked speculation about how COVID-19 may be exerting it’s devastating effects by creating more reactive oxygen species causing tissue damage and hypoxia.
A New Theory on COVID-19’s Mechanism of Injury
One the most puzzling aspects of COVID-19, is that despite fitting most of the criteria under the definition of acute respiratory failure there is one glaring contradiction. With the coronavirus, there appears to be hypoxia or low oxygen saturation in the blood rather than respiratory distress as seen in classic respiratory failure. Meaning many patients present with severe hypoxia with nearly normal respiratory function.6 This remarkable combination is almost never seen in severe cases of ARDS.
Interestingly, it may be creating a clinical picture similar to someone suffering from severe malaria or altitude illness.
Could COVID-19 Be affecting Oxygen Carrying Capacity?
In COVID-19’s final and severe stages, the lungs are severely damaged. But new information on this virus’s cellular process in the body is revealing that the final condition of the lungs and accompanying respiratory failure may actually be more of a case of massive oxidative stress overload disrupting the capacity of hemoglobin to carry oxygen to tissues rather than an outright attack on the air sacs in the lungs.
The theory on coronavirus affecting the blood's oxygen carrying capacity is related to the fact that increased intracellular oxidative stress is at the core of all pathogenic infections. This is often referred to as an increase in reactive oxygen species or ROS. This ROS production is at the core of much of the damage we are seeing not only to the blood’s ability to deliver oxygen to the tissues, causing severe hypoxia or low oxygen but also damaging all tissues they come in contact with. As Integrative and functional medicine doctors, we often measure markers of oxidative stress in our patient’s urine to determine if this process is out of control. One such marker is lipid peroxides. According to Dr. Tom Levy the intracellular levels of Vitamin C, magnesium and glutathione largely affect the oxidative stress which could damage the tissues, one reason why you are seeing Vitamin C being used in hospitals to treat the virus. Stay tuned as I will be writing more about Vitamin C in upcoming blog articles.
This cascade of events would explain:
- Why as many as one in five COVID-19 patients have cardiac damage.
- Why IV nutrients that target cardiovascular function are beneficial.
- Why many people experience a loss of taste and smell.
- Why anti-malarial medications are showing promising results.
This would also explain why ventilators aren’t working quite like we’d expect. Ventilators work by forcing more air into the lungs, so more oxygen can be delivered to the blood. This is helpful when there’s liquid or inflammation in the lungs, and the blood is working normally – like in pneumonia. However, if there is an issue due to the fact that oxidative stress (ROS) has altered the blood’s ability to properly carry this oxygen, then a ventilator can’t do its job. Right now, the Journal of the American Medical Association indicates that COVID-19 patients are candidates for “early, invasive ventilation”. But if we’re ventilating patients who are struggling to keep their little oxygen boats afloat in the bloodstream due to massive oxidative stress, ventilation will do little good and could even cause damage.(8)
This theory would also give us some more insight as to why certain populations may be more at risk of contracting COVID-19.
This Might Explain Why Anti-malarial Medications are Being Considered for Treatment.
Hydroxychloroquine, also known as Plaquenil, is an anti-malarial medication that is showing promise as a potential treatment for COVID-19. If coronavirus is in fact attacking red blood cells, similar to the way malaria does, then it would make sense why an anti-malarial drug would be beneficial for coronavirus patients. But how exactly could hydroxychloroquine be exerting these antiviral effects?
Research is finding that it might be due to hydroxychloroquine’s relationship with the mineral zinc. You see, hydroxychloroquine is a zinc ionophore – meaning it enhances your body’s ability to allow zinc into your cells.9 When intracellular concentrations of zinc are increased, it displays broad spectrum antiviral activity in a few ways:
- Zinc inhibits the actions of certain proteins necessary for the completion of different phases of the virus’s life cycle – essentially halting its ability to reproduce(10)
- Zinc supports a robust immune response by aiding in the production of cytokines and the modulation of immune cells(10)
- Zinc acts as a powerful antioxidant and prooxidant – neutralizing the oxidative stress caused by toxic overload of iron that has been dumped into the blood from the burst cells(11,12)
Interestingly, one of the initial symptoms reported by many coronavirus patients is a loss of taste and smell. This lack of taste and smell can be caused by a zinc deficiency. Perhaps the action of hydroxychloroquine helping zinc enter cells is part of the reason the drug has benefitted some COVID-19 patients.13 It’s important to note that in order for hydroxychloroquine to work, there must be adequate zinc levels available to allow into the cells – so hydroxychloroquine must be administered in conjunction with zinc to be most effective against COVID-19.
Hydroxychloroquine has shown promise (as well as a risk of severe cardiac arrhythmia in certain patients) but the way the drug functions has given us some powerful insights and may give us answers into how we can save more lives.
The Connection Between COVID-19 and Altitude Sickness
Another interesting connection is the fact that COVID-19’s clinical presentation is quite similar to another respiratory illness – high altitude pulmonary edema, also known as altitude sickness. In both COVID-19 and high altitude pulmonary edema clinical findings include:(14)
- A decreased ratio of arterial oxygen levels to inspired oxygen
- Hypoxia (low oxygen levels) and tachypnea (abnormally rapid breathing)
- Low carbon dioxide levels
- A ground glass appearance in the lung tissues
- Elevated fibrinogen levels
- Diffuse alveolar damage
In altitude sickness, the lungs are functioning fine – there are just inadequate levels of oxygen to process to properly meet the needs of the body. Clinical findings similar to altitude sickness would make sense if COVID-19 is in fact causing a dysfunction of red blood cells through production of massive oxidative stress rather than a direct problem with the lungs.
So What Are Potential Options to Quench Oxidative Stress?
Even with all of the information that points to COVID-19 creating massive oxidative stress, there are still a lot of unknowns. The downside of this is of course the trial and error and continued research that needs to take place before we have real answers. The upside, is that this information gives us an array of new potential treatment options to consider:
High Dose Vitamin C:
High doses of vitamin C are garnering attention as a powerful way to potentially mitigate the effects of coronavirus. These ultra-high doses of vitamin C are speculated to fight the massive immune response and subsequent respiratory failure seen in coronavirus infection by:(15,16)
- Suppressing the over-reactive inflammatory response in the lungs
- Minimizing the accumulation of immune cells in the tissues of the lungs
- Decreasing the release of cytokines (chemical messengers involved in the immune response)
- Slowing down the viruses ability to reproduce and spread
- Neutralizing the oxidative stress caused by the massive amounts of iron floating around in the bloodstream
Ideally, high dose vitamin C can be delivered intravenously, where it is more easily absorbed and utilized intracellularly. But oral vitamin C can also be beneficial if taken correctly. While regular over the counter oral vitamin C causes diarrhea, liposomal Vitamin C at frequent intervals does not, and is an effective way to increase intracellular levels. Several New York hospitals have approved intravenous vitamin C as a therapy for the first time ever in studies being conducted on the virus.
Glutathione is a potent antioxidant naturally found in most of the cells in your body. Glutathione plays a few major roles in immune function including:
- Functioning as a signaling molecule – helping balance inflammation levels and modulating immune system response(17)
- Reducing oxidative injury by neutralizing harmful toxins (18)
- Regulating cellular proliferation and apoptosis(19)
There is a growing mountain of evidence finding that the most effective way to take glutathione may be through inhalation. Inhaled glutathione (aerosolized or nebulized) is already being used in the treatment of a variety of respiratory-related conditions and has been garnering attention as a possible treatment option for COVID-19.(20)
The inhalation of concentrated hydrogen gas is another potential treatment option due to its powerful antioxidant properties. Inhaling hydrogen gas has been found to:(21,22)
- Reduce oxidative-stress induced damage
- Reduce cellular apoptosis
- Improve gas exchange in the lungs
- Block the production of proinflammatory mediators
Inhaled hydrogen gas may be particularly effective when paired with other anti-oxidative therapies such as IV vitamin C and inhaled glutathione.
Other Antiviral Drugs:
A number of other antiviral medications are being studied for their potential to treat COVID-19. These include:
- Methylene Blue: Methylene Blue is a medication that has been used in the treatment of malaria due to its powerful antiviral properties – killing the virus at an impressive speed. (23) It’s also used in the treatment of a condition known as methemoglobinemia – a condition in which individuals have too much methemoglobin which is a form of hemoglobin that is much less effective at carrying oxygen. Methylene blue works by converting methemoglobin into a type of hemoglobin that can more effectively transport oxygen.(24)
- Remdesivir: Remdesivir is another antiviral drug used for Ebola. Remdesivir is showing benefit in solid studies – a small but well-conducted study on severe cases in the US, Canada, Europe, and Japan concluded that Remdesvir caused clinical improvement in 68% of patients. (25)
- Favipiravir: Favipiravir is a powerful anti-viral agent that inhibits the virus from replicating and spreading. (26) It has been approved in China and Japan for the treatment of influenza and is undergoing research to determine its potential efficacy in treating COVID-19. (27)
Hyperbaric treatment works in two ways. First, inspired oxygen concentration is increased to nearly 100%. Secondly, ambient pressure is increased to about three times higher than the air pressure we normally breathe. This combination is designed to essential “hyper oxygenate” your blood – improving oxygen delivery to your tissues.(28)
Hyperbaric treatment may be an effective adjunct therapy to help COVID-19 patients recover, especially when administered early.
Could This Bring Us One Step Closer to Finding a Cure for COVID-19?
There are still many unknowns when it comes to coronavirus. The only thing we know for certain is that we are in a race against time. I hope we will continue to search for clues and change course when wrong.
I urge my fellow clinicians and researchers to examine this virus and its mechanism of action with fresh eyes. We entered into this field knowing we were signing up for being lifetime students. This current pandemic is calling us to rise to the occasion – the world is counting on us to find the answers it needs.
In my own practice, I will continue to give my patients and readers the most up-to-date tools they need to protect themselves amidst this pandemic. Until we have a solid understanding of this virus, I will continue to seek new information to do my part in fighting back against COVID-19 and update you when we find more information to help patients get well.
Give Your Immune System the Support It Needs
Along with continued research to identify the root cause of COVID-19, I am also working on equipping our clinic to offer treatments to support your immune system during this time. Based on our current understanding we may consider offering some of the following options.
- IV Vitamin C and Glutathione: A powerful combination of two of the most potent antioxidants delivered intravenously so they can be immediately used by the cells to combat oxidative damage.
- Inhaled Glutathione: Inhaling glutathione delivers it directly to your lung cells – replenishing their antioxidant stores that are quickly used up when fighting inflammation.
- Inhaled Hydrogen: Pairing inhaled hydrogen’s impressive anti-inflammatory effects with Vitamin C and glutathione makes for a robust and powerful trio of antioxidant therapies.
- Nasal Ozone: Ozone gas held in the sinuses helps your body more effectively uptake oxygen and activates a healthy immune response. Ozone should not be inhaled as may damage the lungs.
And fortunately, Flatiron Functional Medicine is certainly not the only place that you may be able to receive these powerful therapies to support the immune system. Many other providers have the resources and training to deliver them as well – so please seek out a reputable and trusted clinician in your area to learn more about these options.
Article courtesy of The American Academy of Anti-Aging Medicine (A4M)
Written by: Dr. Jill Carnahan, MD, ABFM, ABIHM, IFMCP
Materials provided by:
Content may be edited for style and length.
This article is not intended to provide medical diagnosis, advice, treatment, or endorsement.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>- The variable of interest was the average distance separating traps-called trap spacing-developed by
teams of fishermen fishing for the red spiny lobster in St. John’s. The trap spacing measurements (in
meters) for a sample of 7 teams from A fishing cooperative, 8 teams from B cooperative are listed. For
this problem, we are interested in comparing the mean trap spacing measurements of the two fishing
A Cooperative: 93 99 105 94 82 70 86
B Cooperative: 118 94 106 72 90 66 153 98
a) Identify the target parameter for this study. (1)
b) Computer a point estimate of the target parameter. (1)
c) What is the problem with using the normal (z) statistic to find a confidence interval for the
target parameter? (1)
d) Find a 90% confidence interval for the target parameter. (2)
e) Use the interval, part d, to make a statement about the difference in mean trap spacing
measurements of the two fishing cooperatives. (1)
f) What conditions must be satisfied for the inference, part e, to be valid. (1)
- There has been little research on how rude behaviors influence a victim’s task performance. Students
enrolled in STAT 217 were randomly assigned to one of two experimental conditions: rudeness
condition (45 students) and control group (53 students). The number of different uses of a brick for each
of the 98 students was recorded and saved in RUDE.TXT file. Conduct a statistical analysis (at 𝛼 = 0.01)
to determine if the true mean preference level for students in the rudeness group is lower than that for
students in the control group. (10)
- The data for investigating the degree to which various environmental conditions affect personality
saved in the TWINSIQ.TXT file. One member (A) of each of the n=32 pairs of twins was reared by a
natural parent; the other member (B) was reared by a relative or some other person. Is there a significant
difference between the average IQ scores of identical twins when one member of the pair is reared by the
natural parents and the other member of the pair is not? Use 𝛼 = 0.05 to draw your conclusion. (10)
- Enough money has been budgeted to collect independent random samples of size 𝑛1 = 𝑛2 = 100 from
population 1 and 2 in order to estimate 𝑝1 − 𝑝2. Prior information indicates that 𝑝1 = 𝑝2 ≈ 0.6. Have
sufficient funds been allocated to construct a 90% confidence interval for 𝑝1 − 𝑝2 of width 0.1 or less?
Justify your answer. (5)
Compelling correspondence is essential to the achievement all things considered but since of the changing idea of the present working environments, successful correspondence turns out to be more troublesome, and because of the numerous impediments that will permit beneficiaries to acknowledge the plan of the sender It is restricted. Misguided judgments.In spite of the fact that correspondence inside the association is rarely completely open, numerous straightforward arrangements can be executed to advance the effect of these hindrances.
Concerning specific contextual analysis, two significant correspondence standards, correspondence channel determination and commotion are self-evident. This course presents the standards of correspondence, the act of general correspondence, and different speculations to all the more likely comprehend the correspondence exchanges experienced in regular daily existence. The standards and practices that you learn in this course give the premise to additionally learning and correspondence.
This course starts with an outline of the correspondence cycle, the method of reasoning and hypothesis. In resulting modules of the course, we will look at explicit use of relational connections in close to home and expert life. These incorporate relational correspondence, bunch correspondence and dynamic, authoritative correspondence in the work environment or relational correspondence. Rule of Business Communication In request to make correspondence viable, it is important to follow a few rules and standards. Seven of them are fundamental and applicable, and these are clear, finished, brief, obliging, right, thought to be, concrete. These standards are frequently called 7C for business correspondence. The subtleties of these correspondence standards are examined underneath: Politeness Principle: When conveying, we should build up a cordial relationship with every individual who sends data to us.
To be inviting and polite is indistinguishable, and politeness requires an insightful and amicable activity against others. Axioms are notable that gracious “pay of graciousness is the main thing to win everything”. Correspondence staff ought to consistently remember this. The accompanying standards may assist with improving courtesy:Preliminary considering correspondence with family All glad families have the mystery of progress. This achievement originates from a strong establishment of closeness and closeness. Indeed, through private correspondence these cozy family connections become all the more intently. Correspondence is the foundation of different affiliations, building solid partners of obedient devotion, improving family way of life, and assisting with accomplishing satisfaction (Gosche, p. 1). In any case, so as to keep up an amicable relationship, a few families experienced tumultuous encounters. Correspondence in the family is an intricate and alluring marvel. Correspondence between families isn’t restricted to single messages between families or verbal correspondence.
It is a unique cycle that oversees force, closeness and limits, cohesiveness and flexibility of route frameworks, and makes pictures, topics, stories, ceremonies, rules, jobs, making implications, making a feeling of family life An intelligent cycle that makes a model. This model has passed ages. Notwithstanding the view as a family and family automatic framework, one of the greatest exploration establishments in between family correspondence centers around a family correspondence model. Family correspondence model (FCP) hypothesis clarifies why families impart in their own specific manner dependent on one
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-hadi sahile gidip sokak hayvanlarını besleyelim.
-anlatmak istersen dinlerim. (Sevgilisinden yeni ayrılmış kıza)
-kaz dağlarını ne hale getirmişler ya. Bunların hiç vicdanı yok.
-feministim demiş miydim?
iş bu entry bahsi geçen konuların bazılarına hassas bir yazar tarafından yazılmıştır. Ancak kimsenin götünü kaldırmak amacıyla kullanılmamıştır. Ayrıca feminizminize tüküreyim.
Saygılar<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>ABD Başkanı Donald Trump ile Demokrat başkan adayı Joe Biden bir kez daha karşı karşıya gelecek. Son gelişmelerin ardından ABD’de üçüncü ve son başkanlık canlı yayın tartışması, 22 Ekim’de Tennessee eyaletinin Nashville kentinde yapılacak.
Televizyon tartışmasında, tarafların birbirlerinin ve moderatörün sözünü kestiği anların yol açtığı rahatsızlığın ardından Başkanlık Münazaraları Komisyonu (CPD) 22 Ekim’deki tartışma için yeni kuralları açıkladı.
90 dakika sürecek tartışma 15 dakikalık dilimlere ayrılacak ve 6 konu başlığı olacak. Adaylara her konu başlığının ardından verilen 2’şer dakikalık açılış konuşması sırasında diğer adayın mikrofonu kapalı tutulacak. Ayrıca, 15’er dakikalık bölümler karşılıklı atışma şeklinde devam eder, kalan zamanda da adaylar birbirinin sözünü keser ya da gereksiz müdahalede bulunursa, kesintiye uğrayan süre kadar karşıdaki adaya ek süre verilecek.
ABD’de, televizyon aracılığıyla geniş kitlelere ulaşan ilk başkanlık tartışması, Cumhuriyetçi Parti adayı, dönemin ABD Başkan Yardımcısı Richard Nixon ile Demokrat Parti adayı Senatör John F. Kennedy arasında 1960 yılında yapılmıştı.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>رئیس کمیسیون معماری وشهرسازی شورای اسلامی شهر تهران اعلام کرد: هوشمند سازی شهر می تواند فرصتی برای کسب درآمد از شبکه جامع دکل ها وآنتن های شهر تهران بوده و برای شهرداری درآمدهای قابل توجهی داشته باشد.
محمد سالاری در گفت وگو با « تهران سما» با اشاره به ارائه گزارش عملکرد شش ماه نخست شهرداری تهران در صحن شورای اسلامی شهر، اعلام کرد: شهرداری به همان میزان که درآمد نقدی و غیر نقدی ایجاد کرده است، پروژه ها را نیز به انجام رسانده است.
سالاری، گزارش نظارتی شش ماهه نخست از عملکرد شهرداری تهران را گزارشی عملیاتی و خوب معرفی و تاکید کرد: شورای شهر باید در حوزه درآمدهای شهر تهران، تغییر استراتژی بدهد به طوری که نحوه کسب درآمد در مدیریت شهری تهران باید از حوزه های سخت افزاری به سمت حوزه های نرم افزاری انتقال پیدا کند.
رئیس کمیسیون معماری و شهرسازی خاطر نشان کرد : سیستم های شهرسازی در کلان شهرهای کشور و تهران همانند شهرهای بزرگ دنیا باید به سمت شهرهای الکترونیکی و دیجیتالی حرکت کند و در این راستا شبکه های فیبر نوری و شبکه نرم آفزاری می تواند درآمدهای خوبی برای شهرداری تهران داشته باشد.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Aya Yorgi Kilisesi'nde Şükran Ayini Düzenlendi
Cumhurbaşkanı Ahmet Necdet Sezer'in Resmi Davetlisi Olarak Türkiye'de Bulunan Vatikan Devlet Başkanı ve Katolik Dünyasının Ruhani Lideri Papa 16. Benediktus, Fener Rum Patrikhanesi'ni Ziyaret Etti.
Papa 16. Benediktus ve Patrik Bartholomeos buradan çan sesleri, alkışlar, tütsü ve ilahiler eşliğinde ayinin gerçekleştirileceği bölüme geçtiler. İki din adamı, Kilise Başrahibi Athenagoras'ın yönettiği şükran ayinini ayakta dinlediler. Ayinden önce Papalık ve Fener Rum Patrikhanesi ilişkilerini anlatan bir kitapçık da katılanlara dağıtıldı.
Papa, gözlüklerini takarak bir kitapçıktan ayini takip etti. Ayinde zaman zaman Patrik Bartholomeos da dua okudu. Ortodoks geleneklerine göre gerçekleştirilen ayin, yaklaşık 40 dakika sürdü.
Konuşmalardan sonra Papa 16. Benediktus ile Patrik Bartholomeos, 2004 yılında Vatikan'dan Patrikhane'ye getirilen Aziz Grigorios Theolog ile Aziz İoannis Hrisostomos'un kutsal emanetlerinin bulunduğu kilise içindeki bölüme geçerek, kutsal emanetlerin sandukalarını öptüler. Bu sırada bir de ilahi okundu.
Papa ile Patrik Bartholomeos, daha sonra kiliseden ayrılarak Bartholomeos'un çalışma ofisine geçtiler.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>فاطمه محمدی
با وجود این که آمریکا در معاهده بین المللی برجام متعهد شده بود که تحریم های جدید را علیه ایران وضع نکند اما پیشتر قانون داماتو تمدید شد و روز چهارشنبه یکی از سناتورهای آمریکا مدعی شد که برجام الزام آور نیست و روز پنج شنبه مجلس سنای آمریکا با ۹۸ رای موافق از ۱۰۰ رای، به وضع تحریم های جدید علیه ایران و روسیه رای داد که این اقدام عبور از برجام را برای ایران بر سر زبان ها انداخت؛ در این باره با پنج عضو کمیسیون سیاست خارجی مجلس به گفت وگو پرداختیم که در ادامه می آید.
ارتش آمریکا در لیست گروه های تروریستی قرار می گیرد
سید محمد حسین نقوی حسینی سخنگوی کمیسیون امنیت ملی وسیاست خارجی مجلس شورای اسلامی در پاسخ به این سوال که ارزیابی شما از وضع تحریم های جدید علیه ایران چیست؟ اظهارداشت: همان گونه که پیش بینی می شد طرح قانون مبارزه با اقدامات ثبات شده جمهوری اسلامی ایران در ۲۰۱۷ مشهور به اس ۷۲۲ در مجلس سنا تصویب شد و با اطلاعاتی که ما داریم در مجلس نمایندگان نیز تصویب خواهد شد.
وی با بیان این که این قانون اشکالات اساسی دارد، گفت: نخست این که طرح قانونی ساده نیست بلکه یک قانون مادر برای تحریم ها علیه جمهوری اسلامی است زیرا می تواند شامل تحریم های گسترده ای شود و از سوی دیگر دست رییس جمهور را باز می گذارد تا تحریم های بیشتری علیه ایران اعمال کند.
وی در پاسخ به این سوال که این مصوبه چه تعارضاتی با برجام دارد؟ نیز گفت: نخست اینکه با روح برجام مغایر است زیرا بنا براین بود که پس از برجام میان ایران و ۱+۵ گفتمان تهدید، تحریم و فشار نباشد اما شاهد هستیم که همچنان آمریکایی ها از این زبان استفاده می کنند و دوم اینکه این تحریم ها با مواد ۲۶ تا ۲۹ برجام در تعارض آشکار است و نقض برجام محسوب می شود.
منتخب مردم تهران ادامه داد: سوم اینکه این مصوبه با ابلاغیه هشت ماده ای مقام معظم رهبری برای اجرای برجام مغایرت دارد زیرا ایشان به شرطی اجرای برجام را پذیرفتند که هیچ نوع تحریمی به هیچ نوع بهانه ای علیه ایران صورت نگیرد.
وی پاسخ به این سوال را که رویکرد آمریکایی ها در قبال برجام را با وجود تحریم های جدید، چگونه تحلیل می کنید؟ این گونه داد که ترامپ و تیم او با ژست پاره کردن برجام در انتخابات روی کارآمدند و وقتی با جواب دندان شکن ایران مبنی بر آتش زدن برجام مواجه شدند از این موضع خود عقب نشینی کردند و به تاکتیک اجری سخت گیرانه و تصویب تحریم های غیرهسته ای روی آوردند.
وی گفت: هدف آنان این است که ایران به تعهداتش عمل کند اما آن ها مانع انتفاع ملت ایران از برجام شوند و با روی آوردن به قوانین ضد هسته ای مانند قانونی که امروز به تصویب سنای آمریکا رسید بنا دارند تا تحریم ها را به بدتر از زمان اجرای برجام برگردانند.
نقوی حسینی در پاسخ به این سوال که طرح مقابله با اقدامات سنا در کمیسیون امنیت ملی و سیاست خارجی مجلس در چه مرحله ای است؟ گفت: رییس مجلس به کمیسیون امنیت ملی و سیاست خارجی ماموریت داد که طرحی تهیه شود، پیش تر نیز سه قانون در ارتباط با اقدام متقابل علیه آمریکایی ها در مجلس تصویب شده بود که پیش نویسی با کمک مرکز پژوهش های مجلس تهیه شده تا ایران نیز یک طرح مادر را تصویب کند و سه مصوبه گذشته تجمیع شود تا اقدامات درحوزه های مختلف با این کشور مشخص شود.
وی ادامه داد: ارکان کلی این طرح این است که به عنوان مثال وقتی آنان سپاه پاسداران و سپاه قدس که از ارکان جمهوری اسلامی هستند و به تعبیر رییس مجلس خط قرمز ما محسوب می شود را در لیست گروه های تروریستی قرار می دهند ما چرا ارتش آمریکا را در لیست گروه های تروریستی قرار ندهیم که در واقع داعش بین المللی هستند و در کشورهای مختلف دنیا قتل عام می کنند.
وی خبر داد که این پیش نویس طرح تهیه شده و پس از تعطیلات به صورت دو فوریتی به صحن علنی ارائه می شود.
آمریکا با رفتار خصمانه وجهه خود را تخریب کرد
کمال دهقانی فیروزآبادی، نائب رییس اول کمیسیون امنیت ملی و سیاست خارجی مجلس شورای اسلامی نیز درپاسخ به این سوال که رابطه ایران و آمریکا را چگونه ارزیابی می کنید؟ اظهارداشت: در یک بررسی از رابطه آمریکا با کشور و منافع ملی ایران همواره شاهد بودیم که مسئولان این کشور تا آنجا که می توانند بر ضد ایران عمل می کنند و سیاست های آنان مبتنی بر خصومت بوده است.
وی با تاکید بر این که رییس جمهوران آمریکا از جهت فشار به ایران و تشدید خشونت ها از اقدامی فروگذار نکردند، افزود: نمونه بارز آن تصمیمی بود که رییس جمهور آمریکا در ابتدای کار خود گرفت و برای اتباع هفت کشور از جمله جمهوری اسلامی ایران برای کسب ویزای آمریکا شرایط سخت گذاشت و پس از آن تمدید قانون داماتو بود و حالا تحریم های موشکی علیه ایران که این اقدامات توجیه پذیر نیست.
وی در پاسخ به این سوال که چرا برجام و متعهد بودن ایران در این معاهده بین المللی هم در این رابطه اثر مثبتی نداشت؟ گفت: برجام طی مذاکرات چند جانبه منجر به قطع نامه ۳۳۲۱ شورای امنیت سازمان ملل متحد شد و موافقتنامه همکاری در زمینه های انرژی های صلح آمیز هسته ای به امضا رسید و همه امضا کنندگان برجام را به رسمیت می شناسند اما آمریکا با اقدامات یک جانبه و با تصمیم هایی جدید که خلاف روح برجام بود آن را به چالش کشید.
دهقانی تصریح کرد: طبق این معاهده و در چارچوب قوانین بین المللی قرار بود هیچ تحریم دیگری علیه ایران وضع نشود و حتی گشایش هایی ایجاد شود اما ما شاهد وضع تحریم های جدید هستیم که این ها نمونه ای از دشمنی های این کشور علیه ایران است.
وی گفت: در مجموع سیاست های آمریکا در منطقه و ایران مبتنی بر نوعی خصومت است که این را رفتار به نفع آمریکا هم نیست زیرا وجهه آمریکا در منطقه خراب شده و سیاست های آمریکا را نه از روی احساسات بلکه از نظر تجزیه وتحلیل عقلی خصمانه می بینیم زیرا تا امروز سیاست های این کشور بر ضد منافع جمهوری اسلامی بوده است.
دست ایران برای مقابله به مثل باز است
ابوالفضل حسن بیگی نائب رییس دوم کمیسیون امنیت ملی وسیاست خارجی مجلس شورای اسلامی نیز درپاسخ به این سوال که تحلیل شما از تحریم ها و رفتار آمریکا علیه ایران چیست؟ اظهارداشت: آمریکا در خاورمیانه شکست خورده و نمونه آن شکست داعش در عراق است و در سوریه نیز مناطق کوچکی در اختیار آنان باقی مانده است.
وی گفت: آمریکا و عربستان سعودی در قبال یمن با شکست مواجه شدند و سیاست آنان برای ساختن ناتوی عربی هم نقش بر آب شد و خاورمیانه جدید را که در صدد ایجاد و ساماندهی آن بودند تحقق پیدا نکرد و هماهنگی ها از بین رفت و از ۵۰ کشور مسلمان، پنج - شش کشور باقی مانده اند که آن ها هم به دنبال پول عربستان هستند و هرگز حاضر نمی شوند نیروی انسانی خود را برای عربستان سعودی هزینه کنند.
وی در پاسخ به این سوال که دلیل فشار آوردن ها به ایران چیست؟ گفت: سردمداران ایالات متحده برای آنکه بتوانند پاسخ افکارعمومی مردم کشور خود را بدهند و از سویی هم پیمانان خود را در داخل خاورمیانه حفظ کند، تلاش دارند که فشارهای گوناگون به ایران وارد کنند تا از دولت های سوریه و عراق حمایت نکند.
حسن بیگی خاطر نشان کرد که قراردادی هم که آمریکا با عربستان سعودی منعقد کرد ده ساله است و سالی ۵۰ میلیارد دلار پولی نیست که بتواند پاسخگوی هزینه های کلان و بودجه های سرسام آور آمریکا باشد و حزب حاکم در آمریکا نیز به صراحت بیان می کند که با این اقدامات، سیاست های ترامپ شکست خورده است.
وی یادآورشد: حزب دمکرات در مقطعی که آقای اوباما به عنوان رییس جمهور ایالات متحده بود یک سلسله اقدامات مطلوب از قبیل رفاهی و پزشکی جهت رضایت مندی بخش محروم جامعه از جمله بیمه ها را انجام داد که ترامپ مسیر وی را تغییر داد و یک نارضایتی مضاعفی از سیاست های وی در این کشور حاکم شد.
وی ادامه داد: از این رو آمریکایی ها تلاش می کنند نخست ایران و کشورهای هم پیمان آن را تحت فشار قرار دهند وهم پیمانان خودش شامل عربستان، بحرین و امارات را تطمیع می کنند تا در مقابل ایران بایستند و کشور ما تضعیف شود و دوم اینکه بتواند در جهت کمک به اسرائیل موضع مقاومت را در منطقه تضعیف کند.
منتخب مردم دامغان ادامه داد: ناکامی در این دو زمینه تبدیل به عملیات و جنگ روانی شده؛ لذا تحریم ها را مطرح کردند که مغایر با برجام است اما اسم آن را تغییر داده و مدعی هستند که برای ساخت موشک و حقوق بشر می خواهند ایران را تحریم کنند اما همه می دانند که ایران از دمکرات ترین کشورها است و مردم آن به تازگی در پای صندوق های رای خلق حماسه بزرگی را کردند که چشم دنیا را به خود معطوف کرد.
وی در پاسخ به این سوال که به نظر شما سایر کشورها با آمریکا همراهی می کنند؟ گفت: با وجود تحریم های بیشتر چند سوال اصلی پیش می آید که آیا اروپا کنار آمریکا می ایستند؟ آیا چین می تواند کنار آمریکا بایستد و آیا امکان پذیر است روسیه و دیگر قدرت های جنوب شرق آسیا با وعده و وعید های آمریکا تطمیع شوند و در مقابل جمهوری اسلامی صف آرایی کنند و در تحریم هایی که آمریکا می نویسد این کشور را همراهی کنند؟ که در پاسخ باید گفت به طور قطع در شورای امنیت و سازمان ملل آمریکا تنها می ماند و فقط شاید انگلستان در کنار آن قرار بگیرد.
وی پاسخ سوال ما را که تحریم های آمریکا چه میزان می تواند بر روی ایران اثر بگذارد؟ این گونه داد که ما هیچ نگرانی از ناحیه آمریکا و تحریم های آن نداریم زیرا امروز دنیای ارتباطات است و مبادلات ایران با روسیه، چین و۱۰۰ کشور دنیا برقرار است که آنان ارتباط خود را با ایران قطع نخواهند کرد و کشورهای دیگر هم تلاش برای سرمایه گذاری در ایران دارند.
نماینده سه دوره مجلس گفت: وزارت خارجه ما هم باید ارتباطات خود را به صورت مضاعف توسعه دهد و نمایندگان مجلس شورای اسلامی نیز در جلسه روز سه شنبه آمادگی خود را اعلام کردند که ارتباطات با کشورهای دیگر از کانال مجلس پیگیری شود.
وی تاکید کرد: ایران در موضوع برجام به گونه ای عمل کرد که همه دنیا تاکید بر این دارند که ایران به تعهدات خود پایبند بوده است.
وی در پاسخ به این سوال که مسئولان ایران چه راهی را باید پیش گیرند؛ مذاکره یا ایستادگی؟ گفت: نخست آمریکا باید بداند در صورت فشار برای نقض برجام، دست ایران برای مقابله به مثل باز است و همان گونه که مقام معظم رهبری گفتند ما هم آن را آتش می زنیم زیرا ایران همان طور که به عنوان یک قدرت بزرگ در منطقه و در سطح بین المللی نقش بازی می کند در جهت مقابله با تحریم های آمریکا نیز وارد عمل می شود و آمریکا در این حرکت شکست خواهد خورد.
حسن بیگی گفت: توسعه دیپلماسی و گسترش ارتباطات ایران با دیگر کشورها و اجرای اقتصاد مقاومتی نیز از دیگر راهکارها است.
کشوری که به معاهده بین المللی پایبند نیست غیرقابل اعتماد است
سید قاسم جاسمی دیگر عضو کمیسیون امنیت ملی و سیاست خارجی مجلس شورای اسلامی نیز در پاسخ به این سوال که تحلیل شما از رفتارها و تحریم ها علیه ایران چیست؟ اظهارداشت: مردم ایران از اوایل پیروزی انقلاب اسلامی بخصوص از سال ۵۹ با قطع رابطه سیاسی این کشور با ایران، دشمنی های آمریکا را شاهد بودند و آمریکا هم در جنگ ایران و عراق و هم در بحث تحریم و تهدیدهای نظامی وارد شده و این بحث برای ما تازگی ندارد.
وی گفت: دولت آقای روحانی اعتقاد داشتند با گفت وگو و مذاکره می شود خود را به سیاست های آنان نزدیک کنیم و شرایط را برای کشور تغییر دهیم بسیاری موافق و مخالف بودند اما در نهایت همان گونه شد که امام فرمود رابطه با آمریکا رابطه گرگ ومیش است و نمی توان به گرگ اعتماد کرد و نمونه بارز آن تحریم های جدید روز پنج شنبه با ابعاد وسیع تر علیه ایران بود که این اقدام برای همیشه به ملت ایران نشان داد که آمریکاییان مورد وثوق نیستند.
وی در پاسخ به این سوال ها که چه راه و روشی در برابر این کشور باید در پیش گرفته شود؟ و پیش نویس طرحی که شما در کمیسیون امنیت ملی تدوین کردید به چه صورت است؟ گفت: باید مقابله به مثل شود؛ زمانی که آنان نیروی قدس و سپاه پاسداران ایران را در لیست گروه های تروریستی قرار دادند ماهم باید ارتش آمریکا را که به عنوان داعش بین المللی در دنیا حضور فیزیکی و مادی دارد و دست آن بر آتش فتنه های جهانی و اقدامات امنیتی در کشورهای مختلف وجود دارد را در لیست تروریست قرار دهیم.
جاسمی عنوان کرد: در مذاکرات برجام که بحث برد برد بود سودی نصیب ایران نشد هم اکنون که بحث تحریم ها پیش آمده باید اقدامات مسئولان بر اساس واقعیت باشد وقتی آنان تحریم های را علیه ایران تشدید می کنند
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ness of the United States might offer some protection from the ravages of factionalism, because it would be hard for anyone to spread outrage over such a large distance. Madison presumed that factious or divisive leaders “may kindle a flame within their particular States, but will be unable to spread a general conflagration through the other States.” The Constitution included mechanisms to slow things down, let passions cool, and encourage reflection and deliberation.
Madison’s design has proved durable. But what would happen to American democracy if, one day in the early 21st century, a technology appeared that—over the course of a decade—changed several fundamental parameters of social and political life? What if this technology greatly increased the amount of “mutual animosity” and the speed at which outrage spread? Might we witness the political equivalent of buildings collapsing, birds falling from the sky, and the Earth moving closer to the sun?
America may be going through such a time right now.
What Social Media Changed
Facebook’s early mission was “to make the world more open and connected”—and in the first days of social media, many people assumed that a huge global increase in connectivity would be good for democracy. As social media has aged, however, optimism has faded and the list of known or suspected harms has grown: Online political discussions (often among anonymous strangers) are experienced as angrier and less civil than those in real life; networks of partisans co-create worldviews that can become more and more extreme; disinformation campaigns flourish; violent ideologies lure recruits.
The problem may not be connectivity itself but rather the way social media turns so much communication into a public performance. We often think of communication as a two-way street. Intimacy builds as partners take turns, laugh at each other’s jokes, and make reciprocal disclosures. What happens, though, when grandstands are erected along both sides of that street and then filled with friends, acquaintances, rivals, and strangers, all passing judgment and offering commentary?
The social psychologist Mark Leary coined the term sociometer to describe the inner mental gauge that tells us, moment by moment, how we’re doing in the eyes of others. We don’t really need self-esteem, Leary argued; rather, the evolutionary imperative is to get others to see us as desirable partners for various kinds of relationships. Social media, with its displays of likes, friends, followers, and retweets, has pulled our sociometers out of our private thoughts and posted them for all to see.
If you constantly express anger in your private conversations, your friends will likely find you tiresome, but when there’s an audience, the payoffs are different—outrage can boost your status. A 2017 study by William J. Brady and other researchers at NYU measured the reach of half a million tweets and found that each moral or emotional word used in a tweet increased its virality by 20 percent, on average. Another 2017 study, by the Pew Research Center, showed that posts exhibiting “indignant disagreement” received nearly twice as much engagement—including likes and shares—as other types of content on Facebook.
The philosophers Justin Tosi and Brandon Warmke have proposed the useful phrase moral grandstanding to describe what happens when people use moral talk to enhance their prestige in a public forum. Like a succession of orators speaking to a skeptical audience, each person strives to outdo previous speakers, leading to some common patterns. Grandstanders tend to “trump up moral charges, pile on in cases of public shaming, announce that anyone who disagrees with them is obviously wrong, or exaggerate emotional displays.” Nuance and truth are casualties in this competition to gain the approval of the audience. Grandstanders scrutinize every word spoken by their opponents—and sometimes even their friends—for the potential to evoke public outrage. Context collapses. The speaker’s intent is ignored.
Human beings evolved to gossip, preen, manipulate, and ostracize. We are easily lured into this new gladiatorial circus, even when we know that it can make us cruel and shallow. As the Yale psychologist Molly Crockett has argued, the normal forces that might stop us from joining an outrage mob—such as time to reflect and cool off, or feelings of empathy for a person being humiliated—are attenuated when we can’t see the person’s face, and when we are asked, many times a day, to take a side by publicly “liking” the condemnation.
In other words, social media turns many of our most politically engaged citizens into Madison’s nightmare: arsonists who compete to create the most inflammatory posts and images, which they can distribute across the country in an instant while their public sociometer displays how far their creations have traveled.
Upgrading the Outrage Machine
At its inception, social media felt very different than it does today. Friendster, Myspace, and Facebook all appeared between 2002 and 2004, offering tools that helped users connect with friends. The sites encouraged people to post highly curated versions of their lives, but they offered no way to spark contagious outrage. This changed with a series of small steps, designed to improve user experience, that collectively altered the way news and anger spread through American society. In order to fix social media—and reduce its harm to democracy—we must try to understand this evolution.
When Twitter arrived in 2006, its primary innovation was the timeline: a constant stream of 140-character updates that users could view on their phone. The timeline was a new way of consuming information—an unending stream of content that, to many, felt like drinking from a fire hose.
Later that year, Facebook launched its own version, called the News Feed. In 2009, it added the “Like” button, for the first time creating a public metric for the popularity of content. Then it added another transformative innovation: an algorithm that determined which posts a user would see, based on predicted “engagement”—the likelihood of an individual interacting with a given post, figuring in the user’s previous likes. This innovation tamed the fire hose, turning it into a curated stream.
The News Feed’s algorithmic ordering of content flattened the hierarchy of credibility. Any post by any producer could stick to the top of our feeds as long as it generated engagement. “Fake news” would later flourish in this environment, as a personal blog post was given the same look and feel as a story from The New York Times.
Twitter also made a key change in 2009, adding the “Retweet” button. Until then, users had to copy and paste older tweets into their status updates, a small obstacle that required a few seconds of thought and attention. The Retweet button essentially enabled the frictionless spread of content. A single click could pass someone else’s tweet on to all of your followers—and let you share in the credit for contagious content. In 2012, Facebook offered its own version of the retweet, the “Share” button, to its fastest-growing audience: smartphone users.
Chris Wetherell was one of the engineers who created the Retweet button for Twitter. He admitted to BuzzFeed earlier this year that he now regrets it. As Wetherell watched the first Twitter mobs use his new tool, he thought to himself: “We might have just handed a 4-year-old a loaded weapon.”
The coup de grâce came in 2012 and 2013, when Upworthy and other sites began to capitalize on this new feature set, pioneering the art of testing headlines across dozens of variations to find the version that generated the highest click-through rate. This was the beginning of “You won’t believe …” articles and their ilk, paired with images tested and selected to make us click impulsively. These articles were not usually intended to cause outrage (the founders of Upworthy were more interested in uplift). But the strategy’s success ensured the spread of headline testing, and with it emotional story-packaging, through new and old media alike; outrageous, morally freighted headlines proliferated in the following years. In Esquire, Luke O’Neil reflected on the changes wrought on mainstream media and declared 2013 to be “The Year We Broke the Internet.” The next year, Russia’s Internet Research Agency began mobilizing its network of fake accounts, across every major social-media platform—exploiting the new outrage machine in order to inflame partisan divisions and advance Russian goals.
The internet, of course, does not bear sole responsibility for the pitch of political anger today. The media have been fomenting division since Madison’s time, and political scientists have traced a portion of today’s outrage culture to the rise of cable television and talk radio in the 1980s and ’90s. A multiplicity of forces are pushing America toward greater polarization. But social media in the years since 2013 has become a powerful accelerant for anyone who wants to start a fire.
The Decline of Wisdom
Even if social media could be cured of its outrage-enhancing effects, it would still raise problems for the stability of democracy. One such problem is the degree to which the ideas and conflicts of the present moment dominate and displace older ideas and the lessons of the past. As children grow up in America, rivers of information flow continually into their eyes and ears—a mix of ideas, narratives, songs, images, and more. Suppose we could capture and quantify three streams in particular: information that is new (created within the past month), middle-aged (created 10 to 50 years ago, by the generations that include the child’s parents and grandparents), and old (created more than 100 years ago).
Whatever the balance of these categories was in the 18th century, the balance in the 20th century surely shifted toward the new as radios and television sets became common in American homes. And that shift almost certainly became still more pronounced, and quickly so, in the 21st century. When the majority of Americans began using social media regularly, around 2012, they hyper-connected themselves to one another in a way that massively increased their consumption of new information—entertainment such as cat videos and celebrity gossip, yes, but also daily or hourly political outrages and hot takes on current events—while reducing the share of older information. What might the effect of that shift be?
In 1790, the Anglo-Irish philosopher and statesman Edmund Burke wrote, “We are afraid to put men to live and trade each on his own private stock of reason; because we suspect that this stock in each man is small, and that the individuals would do better to avail themselves of the general bank and capital of nations and of ages.” Thanks to social media, we are embarking on a global experiment that will test whether Burke’s fear is valid. Social media pushes people of all ages toward a focus on the scandal, joke, or conflict of the day, but the effect may be particularly profound for younger generations, who have had less opportunity to acquire older ideas and information before plugging themselves into the social-media stream.
Our cultural ancestors were probably no wiser than us, on average, but the ideas we inherit from them have undergone a filtration process. We mostly learn of ideas that a succession of generations thought were worth passing on. That doesn’t mean these ideas are always right, but it does mean that they are more likely to be valuable, in the long run, than most content generated within the past month. Even though they have unprecedented access to all that has ever been written and digitized, members of Gen Z (those born after 1995 or so) may find themselves less familiar with the accumulated wisdom of humanity than any recent generation, and therefore more prone to embrace ideas that bring social prestige within their immediate network yet are ultimately misguided.
For example, a few right-wing social-media platforms have enabled the most reviled ideology of the 20th century to draw in young men hungry for a sense of meaning and belonging and willing to give Nazism a second chance. Left-leaning young adults, in contrast, seem to be embracing socialism and even, in some cases, communism with an enthusiasm that at times seems detached from the history of the 20th century. And polling suggests that young people across the political spectrum are losing faith in democracy.
Is There Any Way Back?
Social media has changed the lives of millions of Americans with a suddenness and force that few expected. The question is whether those changes might invalidate assumptions made by Madison and the other Founders as they designed a system of self-governance. Compared with Americans in the 18th century—and even the late 20th century—citizens are now more connected to one another, in ways that increase public performance and foster moral grandstanding, on platforms that have been designed to make outrage contagious, all while focusing people’s minds on immediate conflicts and untested ideas, untethered from traditions, knowledge, and values that previously exerted a stabilizing effect. This, we believe, is why many Americans—and citizens of many other countries, too—experience democracy as a place where everything is going haywire.
It doesn’t have to be this way. Social media is not intrinsically bad, and has the power to do good—as when it brings to light previously hidden harms and gives voice to previously powerless communities. Every new communication technology brings a range of constructive and destructive effects, and over time, ways are found to improve the balance. Many researchers, legislators, charitable foundations, and tech-industry insiders are now working together in search of such improvements. We suggest three types of reform that might help:
(1) Reduce the frequency and intensity of public performance. If social media creates incentives for moral grandstanding rather than authentic communication, then we should look for ways to reduce those incentives. One such approach already being evaluated by some platforms is “demetrication,” the process of obscuring like and share counts so that individual pieces of content can be evaluated on their own merit, and so that social-media users are not subject to continual, public popularity contests.
(2) Reduce the reach of unverified accounts. Bad actors—trolls, foreign agents, and domestic provocateurs—benefit the most from the current system, where anyone can create hundreds of fake accounts and use them to manipulate millions of people. Social media would immediately become far less toxic, and democracies less hackable, if the major platforms required basic identity verification before anyone could open an account—or at least an account type that allowed the owner to reach large audiences. (Posting itself could remain anonymous, and registration would need to be done in a way that protected the information of users who live in countries where the government might punish dissent. For example, verification could be done in collaboration with an independent nonprofit organization.)
(3) Reduce the contagiousness of low-quality information. Social media has become more toxic as friction has been removed. Adding some friction back in has been shown to improve the quality of content. For example, just after a user submits a comment, AI can identify text that’s similar to comments previously flagged as toxic and ask, “Are you sure you want to post this?” This extra step has been shown to help Instagram users rethink hurtful messages. The quality of information that is spread by recommendation algorithms could likewise be improved by giving groups of experts the ability to audit the algorithms for harms and biases.
Many Americans may think that the chaos of our time has been caused by the current occupant of the White House, and that things will return to normal whenever he leaves. But if our analysis is correct, this will not happen. Too many fundamental parameters of social life have changed. The effects of these changes were apparent by 2014, and these changes themselves facilitated the election of Donald Trump.
If we want our democracy to succeed—indeed, if we want the idea of democracy to regain respect in an age when dissatisfaction with democracies is rising—we’ll need to understand the many ways in which today’s social-media platforms create conditions that may be hostile to democracy’s success. And then we’ll have to take decisive action to improve social media.
This article appears in the December 2019 print edition with the headline “Why It Feels Like Everything Is Going Haywire.”<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Writing Well: Subject to Change
Subject to Change
Don't forget: A research paper isn't a laundry list of your findings. Rather, it's a unified argument that incorporates all relevant information.
Some of us have greatness thrust upon us; the rest of us have to settle for subjects. If you're given the subject of your research paper (a common occurrence in business and government jobs), you're all set. If not, the ball is in your court.
The right subject can make your paper; the wrong one can break it. How can you tell if you've picked a stinker? Unsatisfactory subjects ?
- Can't be completed within your time frame.
- Can't be researched since the material doesn't exist.
- Don't argue a point.
- Are inappropriate, offensive, or vulgar.
Understand that nearly every subject can be researched, but not every subject should be researched. After all, why waste your time finding information about a subject that's been done to death? Banal and boring subjects often lead to banal and boring research papers. Give yourself (and your readers) a break by starting with an original subject or an original way of looking at an old subject.
One Percent Inspiration + Ninety-Nine Percent Perspiration = Great Subjects
?I don't have anything to write about,? you moan. Quit your kvetching; you know far more than you think you do. Besides, Dr. Laurie's here now. So take two of these ideas and thank me in the morning.
Top Ten Ways to Get Great Research Paper Ideas
- Read subject headings. You can skim the multi-volume Library of Congress Subject Headings (a reference text), leaf through a Readers' Guide to Periodical Literature, or even check the subjects listed on your Web browser.
- Browse through encyclopedias. Skim online, book, or CD-ROM encyclopedia headings for a rich list of topics.
- Stroll the stacks. Walk around the shelves and see what topics catch your eye. Or, let your fingers do the walking by skimming the library's book catalog.
- Consider textbooks. Pick a field that intrigues you and check out a few textbooks in that area. Read the table of contents; leaf through the pages. Find an idea that piques your interest and delve into it.
- Tap into your journal. As you learned in ?Picture This: Description,? your journal can be a place to store fabulous writing ideas. Make a withdrawal now.
- Make a list and check it twice. If you've been assigned the paper in a class, jot down all the ideas linked to the subject of the class. For example, if you're taking a sociology class, you might list working women, divorce laws, immigration regulations, and eating disorders. One of these might make a good paper.
- The medium is the message. Create a visual, as you learned. Many writers find that charts, webs, graphs, and other pictures help them generate a slew of ideas.
- Ask questions. Use the five Ws and H (who, what, when, where, why, and how) to help you consider all sides of an issue.
- Talk the talk. Speak to people who have written research papers: teachers, parents, and professionals. Doctors, lawyers, accountants, real estate salespeople, computer programmers, and other business people are all excellent sources for ideas.
- Read, listen, and watch. Read anything and everything: newspapers, magazines, journals, critical reviews, essays, and matchbook covers. Watch TV, listen to the radio, go to the movies. Inspiration is all around; just tap into it.
If you've been assigned a subject you detest, see if you can find an aspect of the subject that you like. Nearly all topics can be tweaked a bit here and there. Of course, always clear those ?tweaks? with the person who assigned the topic.
Warning:
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,” and “Lastly” help the speaker better transition from point to point, for their own sake and the audience.
7. Don’t forget about the conclusion. Just like with an essay or written assignment, a proper conclusion allows the speaker to tie in all the points of their speech, leaving the audience with a comprehensive understanding of what they just discussed.
8. Write the speech out in full, in essay form. Include the introduction, the points to be covered, as well as transitional phrases, and a conclusion – and then evaluate its effectiveness. Edit if needed. Writing more than one draft helps the student add or remove pertinent information.
9. Ask a friend to revise the written speech; revise the draft based on their feedback. Once the student feels their written speech is nearly completed, seeking the help of another person is beneficial. They will see things the writer may not notice, which will ultimately improve the speech.
10. Read the speech aloud. Before the student rehearses their speech first for familiarization, then memorization, they should read the speech aloud to compare how it sounds with how it reads; this could be the difference in an awkward, boring speech or one that is interesting and gets a higher grade.
Read also: How to Write a Persuasive Essay | How to Write an Argumentative Essay
In case you are working on a speech, and are having difficulties with it, PrivateWriting.com would be happy to assist. Feel free to contact our writers and they will help you to work through the assignment. Our staff will assign writers with suitable backgrounds and adequate experience. This will result in a paper that is properly written and formatted, with thorough background research and a solid literature base. Feel free to contact us anytime. Place an order to get your individual discount now.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Center Funding Research on Math, Science Cognition
Four years ago, federal officials launched an initiative to study the complex machinery of mathematics and science cognition, or in plain language, how students think, learn, and solve problems in those subjects.
Since then, that program has begun to exert its influence through the relatively modest but steady flow of public funding it provides for scholarly research, work that goes largely ignored by the public at large—and even most educators—but which, over time, can have broad influence in the classroom.
The federal center goes by the lengthy title of the Program on Mathematics and Science Cognition and Learning, Development and Disorders. It operates within the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, the same federal entity that has generated much of the research that strongly influences federal reading policy today.
By federal standards, the math and science program has a small budget: It currently underwrites about 20 ongoing projects at an annual cost of some $7 million. But it is conducting its work at a time when federal officials, including the Bush administration, are calling for greater emphasis on research-based strategies in math instruction.
A 4-year-old federal program on math and science cognition and learning has helped support studies on a range of topics including:
• Arithmetic-fact mastery in young children
• Sex differences in math and spatial skills among primary school children
• Gene research and mathematical understanding in twins
• Origins of number sense in infants
• Math and learning disabilities
• Math learning among girls with genetic syndromes and mental retardation
• "Folk science"children's understanding of the world around them
• Reasoning about design and purpose in nature among children
The central role of the NICHD program is to finance that research with public money—rather than generate it independently. Those studies, in turn, often end up in articles published in scholarly journals, which can shape the collective thinking of the education community.
“It takes a while to have an impact,” said Daniel B. Berch, the director of the program. “You have to begin to make it evident to researchers in the field that [we] support this kind of work.”
Even so, over the past few years the math- and science-cognition program’s grantees, many of whom also receive support from other federal agencies, have published about 50 articles in various journals, he estimates. One of the most widely circulated pieces was a 2004 paper that identified the potential benefits of “direct instruction,” or more straightforward presentation of facts from teachers to students, on students’ scientific reasoning and judgment. That study, whose primary author was David Klahr, a psychology professor at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh, compared that teaching approach with “discovery learning,” a more hands-on classroom method. ("NCLB Could Alter Science Teaching," Nov. 10, 2004.)
Other studies backed by the NICHD math and science program have probed such disparate topics as how students with various disabilities learn math; whether gender differences affect student learning; and how children develop math skills such as estimation, number sense, and mastery of basic arithmetic facts.
Building a Base
Some of those topics touch long-standing debates about how math and science should be taught. But Mr. Berch says while his program’s work could eventually influence classroom instruction, its impact is indirect: Those decisions are ultimately left to school officials and policymakers, he says.
“You don’t [craft] a curriculum out of one study,” Mr. Berch said in an interview from his office in a National Institutes of Health building in Rockville, Md., in suburban Washington. His program is trying to promote sustained research rather than one-shot examinations of how students learn. “We want to make it more cumulative,” Mr. Berch said.
To that end, most of the projects supported by the NICHD program are being conducted over a three- to five-year period. Most grant recipients receive between $250,000 and $500,000 in direct funding, plus additional costs, on average, he estimates.
Mr. Berch said he was asked by G. Reid Lyon, the influential and controversial former chief of the NICHD’s child-health and -behavior branch, to lead the math- and science-cognition program. The reading research supported by the NICHD has had a strong influence on the types of instruction in that subject that the federal government supports, most notably through the $1 billion-a-year Reading First grant program, which requires the use of research-based instructional strategies in that subject.
Critics have accused the NICHD of favoring research that supports phonics, a teaching method rooted in associations between sounds and letters, at the expense of other approaches.
Similar philosophical divides exist over how to teach math. The “math wars” have pitted those who call for stronger teaching of basic number facts and foundational skills against those who worry that such an approach will result in too much rote memorization and drill, and not enough problem-solving.
Over the past year, improving math and science education has become a major focus among federal officials, who worry that the nation is not turning out enough students who can fill highly skilled jobs.
Earlier this year, the Bush administration announced a series of steps aimed at improving how math is taught, including the formation of the National Mathematics Advisory Panel, a group of 17 experts charged with identifying what research says about how to teach that subject.
The NICHD program would seem well positioned to provide that research. Mr. Berch serves as one of the panel’s six nonvoting members. And two cognitive psychologists whose work has been funded through his program—David C. Geary of the University of Missouri-Columbia, and Robert S. Siegler of Carnegie Mellon University—were also named to the panel. Mr. Berch said he offered advice to Department of Education officials about who might serve, but had no say in the final selection.
Area of Need?
Mr. Geary believes the math panel can help make educators aware of the research emerging from the NICHD program. NICHD support for reading “really clarified where instruction should be focused,” Mr. Geary said, by examining “the processes of reading. I think the same applies to math and science.”
Jere Confrey, a professor of mathematics education at Washington University in St. Louis, agreed that knowing more about students’ cognitive skills in math and science is important. But she also saw a more urgent need for studies on instruction in those subjects, and how to prepare teachers to work with students of different abilities. Ms. Confrey led a panel of the congressionally chartered National Research Council that produced a report in 2004 on how to judge the effectiveness of math curricula. ("NRC Urges Multiple Studies For Math Curricula," May 26, 2004.)
“We have more problems in instruction than pure cognitive research,” Ms. Confrey said. “Cognition has to be fostered by effective and rich classroom discussion.”
Like Ms. Confrey, James Hiebert, a professor of education at the University of Delaware in Newark, questioned whether the NICHD math and science program would favor research on basic math skills rather than problem-solving ability.
“It’s easier to investigate cognition in simple-skill learning than in conceptual understanding,” Mr. Hiebert said. “Sometimes research tends to be skewed toward basic fact learning.”
But after hearing a description of various math projects supported by the NICHD program, in distinct areas such as estimation, number sense, and mastery of arithmetic facts, Mr. Hiebert added that he could detect no ideological bias in the program’s work.
Mr. Berch said his only concern is funding useful research on cognition and learning disabilities, not weighing in on ideological disputes.
“We are not taking sides with respect to the math wars,” he maintained.
In the 1970s and 1980s, cognitive research on how students solve arithmetic proved extremely valuable and shaped classroom pedagogy and curricula for years to come, Mr. Hiebert said. Today’s research could prove similarly important, he said.
“One of the problems we have in math is we don’t understand the learning processes well enough to know [which] instructional strategies might be preferred,” Mr. Hiebert said. Valuable research “eventually finds its way into the system, even if the effect is so indirect that it’s hard to trace it back to the original source.”
Vol. 25, Issue 41, Pages 33,35
- Lake Forest School District, Felton, DE
- Accomack County Public Schools, Accomac, VA
- Principal, Niwot High School
- St. Vrain Valley School District, CO
- High School Principal
- Harrisonburg City Public Schools, VA
- Principal at Northridge High School
- Tuscaloosa City Schools, Tuscaloosa, AL<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Nurturing skills and building confidence in the water
For more than 160 years, the YMCA has nurtured potential and united communities to create lasting, meaningful change. In each of our communities, the Y is in the service of building a better us. One of the most effective ways to accomplish this is to teach youth, teens, and adults to swim, so they can stay safe around water and learn the skills they need to make swimming a lifelong pursuit for staying healthy.
Y swim instructors are nationally certified. Their training includes CPR, AED, First Aid and Oxygen Administration. Swim lessons provide important life skills that could save a life and will benefit youth and adult swimming students for a lifetime.
Infant And Toddler Swim Lessons
At the YMCA, our goal is to create a healthy respect for water to keep youth safe while creating a lifelong love of aquatics environments. Accompanied by a parent*, infants and toddlers learn to be comfortable in the water and develop swim readiness skills through fun and confidence-building swim lessons experiences. At the same time, parents learn about water safety, drowning prevention, and the importance of supervision.
Infants and toddlers will be introduced to the aquatic environment safely and comfortably to gain confidence and a healthy respect for the water. As students progress and grow, they begin to explore body positions, blowing bubbles and fundamental safety and aquatics skills.
*Parent must participate in the water with child during the class
Preschool and Youth Lessons: Strong swimmers. Confident kids.
New to swim lessons? The basis of Y swim lessons is water safety skills. Students learn personal water safety and achieve basic swimming competency by learning two benchmark skills: swim, float, swim—sequencing front glide, roll, back float, roll, front glide and exit—and jump, push, turn, grab.
As students progress, they are taught in swim lessons the recommended skills for all to have around water, including safe water habits, underwater exploration and how to swim to safety and exit in the event of falling into a body of water. Activities, games, and drills geared to reinforce learning are utilized heavily as students continue through this skill-based approach to swimming. After having mastered the fundamentals, students learn additional water safety skills, build stroke techniques, develop skills that prevent chronic disease, increase social-emotional and cognitive well-being and foster a lifetime of physical activity.
Preschool and School Aged Advanced Swim Lessons
After having mastered the fundamentals, students learn additional water safety skills and build stroke technique preventing chronic disease, increasing social-emotional and cognitive well-being and fostering a lifetime of physical activity. Students work on refining stroke technique and learning all major competitive strokes in swimming lessons. The emphasis on water safety continues through treading water and sidestroke. Students will learn about competitive swimming and discover how to incorporate swimming into a healthy lifestyle.
Teen & Adult Swim Lessons
No matter your age, water safety is important. Whether joining Y swim lessons to gain basic water safety skills, get over a fear of the water, or develop swimming techniques, we have options for teens and adults of all ages. Group swim lessons, semi-private, private and even Masters Swim programs are available through the YMCA.
For parents, your family is safer around water when you are comfortable around water and have the adult swimming skills to keep yourself and your children safe.
Private and Semi-Private Swim Lessons
Are you looking to refine a specific stroke, perfect your flip-turn, have a flexible swim lesson schedule and want quick results or individual attention? Private and semi-private swim lessons are perfect for you!
Private Lessons focus on increasing your child’s skill at any age.
- Lessons can be private one-on-one instruction or a semi-private lesson with two or more participants.
- Lessons are scheduled at the frequency, days and times that fit your schedule.
Private and semi-private lessons are not available or are limited during group lessons.
Specialty Programs and Classes
Swimmers who love the water and want further instruction for future aquatics activities enjoy participating in our Specialty Programs focused on leadership, competition and recreation. We continually develop our specialty swimming lesson program curriculum.
Stroke Development Clinics and Boosters
Stroke Development Clinics and Boosters are for advanced students ages five and up who wish to improve or perfect their technique.
- Stroke Clinics focus on mastering one specific stroke at a time, such as freestyle, backstroke, breaststroke and butterfly.
- Stroke Boosters focus on refining all four competitive swim strokes: freestyle, backstroke, breaststroke and butterfly. Swimmers work on improving endurance, technique and speed.
Trust Our Team
Parents can help establish trust between youth and their instructors by sitting back from the class and allowing the instructor to give guidance, help solve issues, etc. Talk with your child(ren) about their time at lessons and your role during this time versus the instructor. If needed, talk with the instructor about how to help establish boundaries.
Reinforce and practice swim skills taught during class by spending time together during recreational swim at your local YMCA. Checkout our pool schedule for availability.
Safety is the number one priority around any depth of water. Find tips and information to help keep your family safe.
Frequently Asked Questions
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At age 2, my daughter and I started lessons at the YMCA. By age 3, she was able to float on her back, swim to the side and get herself out of the pool. At age 5, she had developed skills to join the swim team. We continued to supplement these skills with private swim lessons to work on the specifics of stroke improvement.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>2012 KPSS Önlisans Sınav Soruları Zormuydu?
2012 Kamu Personel Seçme Sınavı (KPSS Önlisans) soruları zor muydu? Adayların ne düşünüyor?
Adayların heyecanla beklediği 2012 KPSS Önlisans Sınavı bugün yapıldı. Sınav, Ölçme Seçme ve Yerleştirme Merkezi'nce (ÖSYM), 159 il ve ilçe merkezinde ve Lefkoşa'da gerçekleştirildi.
Adaylara Genel Yetenek ve Genel Kültür testlerinden toplam 120 soru için 120 dakika süre verildi.
Sınava hazırlık yapan adaylar genel olarak sınav sorularını normal bulurken bazı adaylar soruların zorluğundan yakındı. Sınav sorularının zorluk düzeyi ile ilgili düşüncelerinizi aşağıdaki yorum ekle bağlantısına tıklayarak yapabilirsiniz...
Sorular ne zaman açıklanır?
Sınav sorularının 24 Eylül tarihinde ÖSYM'nin sitesinde açıklanması bekleniyor. Sınav soru ve cevapları ÖSYM ile eş zamanlı olarak sitemizde yayımlanacak. Sınav soru ve cevaplarına aşağıdaki bağlantılardan ulaşabilirsiniz...
2012 KPSS Önlisans Sınavı Soru ve Cevapları (Sorular açıklandığında bağlantı aktif hale gelecek)
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(Redirected from Art historian)
Art history is the study of objects of art in their historical development and stylistic contexts, i.e. genre, design, format, and style. This includes the "major" arts of painting, sculpture, and architecture as well as the "minor" arts of ceramics, furniture, and other decorative objects.
- Attempts to juggle domestic responsibilities with artistic production have often resulted in smaller bodies of work, and often works smaller in scale, than those produced by male contemporaries. Yet art history continues to privilege prodigious output and monumental scale or conception over the selective and the intimate.
- Whitney Chadwick Women, Art, and Society: Fourth Edition (2007) ISBN 0-500-20393-8
- Edward G. Robinson: Who knows, the woman who posed for the Mona Lisa might have been the evilest woman in the world.
- Batman (TV series) Batman's Satisfaction written by Charles Hoffman
- Throughout history, most artists created paintings, sculptures, and other objects for specific patrons and settings and to fulfill a specific purpose, even if today no one knows the original contexts of those artworks. Museum visitors can appreciate the visual and tactile qualities of these objects, but they cannot understand why they were made or why they appear as they do without knowing the circumstances of their creation. Art appreciation does not require knowledge of the historical context of an artwork (or a building). Art history does.
- Fred S. Kleiner, Gardner's Art Through the Ages: A Global History (14th ed., 2012), p. 1
- The history of art can be a history of artists and their works, of styles and stylistic change, of materials and techniques, of images and themes and their meanings, and of contexts and cultures and patrons. The best art historians analyze artworks from many viewpoints. But no art historian (or scholar in any other field), no matter how broad-minded in approach and no matter how experienced, can be truly objective. As were the artists who made the works illustrated and discussed in this book, art historians are members of a society, participants in its culture. How can scholars (and museum visitors and travelers to foreign locales) comprehend cultures unlike their own? They can try to reconstruct the original cultural contexts of artworks, but they are limited by their distance from the thought patterns of the cultures they
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丰富、预订便捷是客人选择在网络和移动端预订的主要原因。
携程旅游专家分析，在移动信息技术的助推下，客人的旅游预订习惯从线下向线上转变，现在正在向手机端迁移。携程等大型旅游网站与各家旅行社合作把产品都搬上网，今年旅游者在一个网站就可以完成比价、比产品。从目前春节假期的预订情况看，出境游、高铁与自驾游、跟团游与自由行、门票等产品，将会出现爆发式增长。其中通过app预订的比例将创新高，比如携程门票订单预计80%以上来自app，跟团游产品手机预订比例在部分城市也可能达到40%以上。
春节旅游花多少钱?三分之一花每人5000元以上
春节出行，客人关注的问题仍主要集中在价格、线路安排、服务几方面。71%的客人关注价格问题、68%关注线路安排、49%最看重服务问题。另外春节出行的安全、天气等因素也是客人特别看重的方面。
在消费水平上，国人也越来越有钱，在春节相比平时旅游更愿意花钱， 30%客户认为3001-5000元是较为合适的人均消费，有三分之一的被调查者将花每人5000元以上在旅游上。调查还发现，旅游者对价格的关注度随着年龄的增长而逐步降低。这主要因为40岁以上国人的消费能力相对较强，且更为看重春节出游对家庭的影响，愿意投入更高的旅游费用。
携程旅游专家分析，因为需求旺盛、热门的酒店和航空资源较平时紧张，春节出游价格一般都有30%以上上涨。不过今年春节在线旅游网站爆发促销战，网上特别是手机app预订的性价比创新高。携程等大型旅游网站已经推出数万条线路以及500元免费红包、“买一送一”、一元门票等优惠活动，以及99元国内游等最低1折的爆款产品。消费者获得的优惠力度最多可以达到50%以上。“春节爆款”的出现，说明消费者对价格依然非常敏感，也体现了市场竞争的激烈。但建议消费者除了价格，也应该在品牌、行程安排、服务保障等方面综合考虑。
1、 出游计划安排
17%的客户已经订好了出游计划，65%的客户仍在考虑中，而18%的客户表示完全没有出游计划。
2、出游同伴
近9成客户倾向与家人一同出游，另有28%的客户选择与伴侣一同出游。
3、出游天数与时间偏好
超6成客户认为春节假期合适的出游天数在3-6天，36%的客户倾向于年初三或初四出行，其次是春节前(23%)、年初一或初二(20%)。
4、出游方式与人均消费
超8成客户偏好自由行;且30%客户认为3001-5000元是较为合适的人均消费，其次是5001-8000元、XX-3000元。
5、目的地偏好
约4成客户倾向于境外旅游，37%偏好境内旅游，另有23%的客户表示“不确定”。
6、境内游偏好
境内出游目的地方面，大部分客户比较偏好传统、热门的旅游胜地，如三亚、云南(丽江、昆明、大理等)，其次是厦门、东北(哈尔滨、吉林等)。
而在其他项中，超过一半的客户不考虑境内出游，主要是因为境内目的地在节假日人较多。
7、出境游偏好
客户偏好的境外目的地比较分散，可能是受出游天数、预算等的限制，东南亚地区，尤其是海岛相对较受欢迎。
8、 春节出游关注因素
价格、线路安排是客户春节出游时较为关注的因素，其次是出行安全、天气等。
客户对价格的关注度随着年龄的增长而逐步降低。
9、 预订渠道
超过8成客户倾向于通过旅游网站来选择、比较旅游产品。<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>In the Montane forests of Knysna such as Phantom Forest, we have many shy and elusive forest residents that are seldom seen or heard.
Over the next couple of months we will highlight some of these amazing creatures!
The smallest of all the antelope is the blue duiker (Philantomba monticola), a small, forest-dwelling duiker found in Central Africa and South Western South Africa.
Blue duikers stand around 35 cm (14 in) tall at the shoulder and weigh 4 kg (8.8 lb). They have a brown coat with a slight blue tinge – hence the name – and a white underside. A glandular slit occurs beneath both eyes, with a very slight crest between the ears. There is an elongated, oval crown situated on the back of the neck between the shoulder line and the horns, about 2cm x 5cm. It has simple conical horns of 2 to 10 cm (0.79 to 3.9 in). Females do not always have horns, in both sexes horns may be poorly developed, less than 2cm long. The average lifespan is 10–12 years.
Blue duikers live mainly in rainforests, where they eat fruit, flowers, and leaves, which have fallen from the canopy, as well as eggs and insects. They are in turn, the prey of eagles and other raptors. They are nocturnal and solitary or form mating pairs. Observations in the Western Cape (Wilderness) indicate blue duikers to be strictly diurnal and not active after dark. They are very territorial animals, patrolling the borders of their territory and marking them with their dung and excretions from glands above their hooves and under their eyes (preorbital glands). They will chase off any intruders and only tolerate their offspring’s presence until they reach 18 months of age.
Blue duikers generally produce one offspring per year. Gestation is estimated at between 4 and 7.5 months. Observations in the Western Cape indicate that, under favorable conditions, a female produced a lamb about every eight months for five years. Lambs remain hidden for 56 days (eight weeks) and then make their appearance, about 20% smaller than adult size. A popular activity is to sprint at high speed through dense undergrowth, possibly to practice escape routes.
Blue duikers are not at all endangered and are in fact quite common; in Gabon, they can reach population densities of almost 80 animals per km2.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>“楚楚，婉秋，你们等着我，我很快就会返来的。”
好比整个东瀛岛国不人用年夜郎这两个字定名，武运持久这四个字，正在岛国许多家族当中是最常见的四个字，被写成书法，装裱正在墙上，或者者张贴于遍地。
“楚楚，婉秋，你们等着我，我很快就会返来的。”
“楚楚，婉秋，你们等着我，我很快就会返来的。”
好比整个东瀛岛国不人用年夜郎这两个字定名，武运持久这四个字，正在岛国许多家族当中是最常见的四个字，被写成书法，装裱正在墙上，或者者张贴于遍地。
“污染一位小先生的心灵？莫非故国的花朵，已经经被这纯净的凡间净化到这类水平了？”
这将是一篇中短篇小说，类似于电影剧本简介如下:23世纪，人类社会经过一场大动荡，联邦政府成立，战争促进了科技的大发展，人类终于建造出速度达到光速40%的启明级一号星际探索/移民飞船召光号，飞船验收之日，联邦政府随即启动了一项针对比邻星系的科考/移民的深空探索计划，由十二个家庭加30个未婚单身汉组成的，一个包括了军人，行政文职、天文科学家，一个有点神经的网文狗兼外星文化外交专家（作者本人）宗教神棍、种族主义者（唯一反派）反战者（疑似反派）一个不靠谱的飞船智能管家等各色人物组成的奇怪组合，在进过4年休眠后，飞船顺利到达比邻星系，而后发生的一系列神奇遭遇，最终揭示本次任务联邦政府的最终目的和这个宇宙隐藏的一个大秘密……
池琳呆呆地看着数百马队拱卫着两辆马车没天黑色当中，良久之后叹了口吻，她能感觉自从陆小天跟这些人正在一路之后，两人之间便多了一道无奈跨越的鸿沟。
我也没有晓得我毕竟有何德何能？居然能化解了玄冥祖巫转世的秦楚楚的滔天怨念！
夏覆海正在哪里连声否认着，他不肯意信赖秦楚楚所说的话是真的，但是夏青山以及夏婉安脸上的脸色却让他越来越无望，让他的心正在不休的沉沦。
“找到了，居然藏这么深……”海成发出神眼，捂着脑壳，彷佛颇为委顿，“他就正在西方一处极深的山脉当中，难怪咱们找没有到他的涓滴形迹，而今能够禀告尊者了。”
终极她仿佛下定了刻意一样，咬着牙齿对我说道：“陈婉秋的去世以及我无关，用你的话说我欠下了她因果！这一次，我如果帮你摘到了此岸花，我就没有欠她的了！”
“蛋蛋，叔叔真不从小就白疼你！转头我给你买一百箱火腿肠，让你一次吃个够！”
一片空缺，代表贤者公理已经经没有正在这个世界上了。
“小老板今天还做红烧肉吗？要是做请你们未必要收钱。”
以是贤者正在住民中的崇高形象，没有是一朝一夕就可以冲破的。
一听这话，唐三反而停住了，忍没有住多看了七长老两眼。
哪怕是正在晕厥当中，唐三也并没有平稳，各类幻象不休出现正在他梦乡当中。他梦到了父亲、母亲，梦到了小舞垂垂远去。全身好像正在燥热的熔炉中，可他却偏偏偏偏无奈从这疾苦的感到中摆脱进去。
但小兰陵已经经放进去了，秦楚楚她凭甚么让我再接天道门的使命？
海水的浮力将他从头推到海面上，平躺正在海水当中，唐三近乎贪欲的呼吸着那略带咸醒气味的清爽氛围。
修为最高的余家长老，但是已经经修炼了八十年了。
而苏秦以及张仪便是纵横家中的两个无比有代表性的人物。
同学甲：“我师傅会帮我复**功课。”同学乙：“我师傅给我买过早点。”同学丙：“你呢苏航？”苏航：“我师傅....给我生了六个孩子。”同学们：？？......<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>首次曝光的中文片段里，丹泽尔·华盛顿饰演的退役特工单枪匹马闯入黑帮集结的办公室为年轻妓女赎身。双方交涉时屋内气氛愈发紧张，交易失败后，办公室里随即上演了一场痛快淋漓的室内搏斗戏，华盛顿大展拳脚不到半分钟撂倒所有黑帮分子，动作利落风格明朗，为观众呈现了一段非常过瘾且张力十足的打戏。
《伸冤人》改编自1980年代同名犯罪系列剧集。华盛顿扮演的退役特工麦考尔为了营救一名叫泰利的年轻妓女（科洛·莫瑞兹饰）与一帮俄罗斯黑帮结下梁子，也意外牵扯出这群黑帮背后更大的阴谋。
电影《伸冤人》将于9月26日在美国上映。据悉，该片有望引进内地。<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Platone e l'esoterismo
L’opera di Platone, che ha sempre avuto un ruolo centrale tra i cultori dell’esoterismo occidentale, ha recente richiamato l’attenzione della scuola di Tubinga-Milano per le cosiddette “dottrine non scritte”, cui si attribuisce una natura esoterica. Tuttavia non sempre si ha piena consapevolezza di cosa sia stato storicamente l’esoterismo. In questo saggio, dopo una presentazione di tale tema alla luce delle più aggiornate ricerche, si analizza in che senso esso possa essere proprio di Platone. Si sostiene che non è possibile intendere l’esoterismo platonico come una sorta dottrina protologica dei primi principi, bensì si deve parlare di una via simbolico-anagogica che di fatto recupera l’esperienza misterica della religione tradizionale, che viene inquadrata e regimentata all’interno di un discorso filosofico. Per cui si conclude infine che Platone risulta centrale nella cultura europea perché ha congiunto insieme tre fondamentali suoi aspetti: la dimensione dialettico-argomentativa, con ciò fondando il canone occidentale della filosofia; l’aspetto allegorico-narrativo, dando espressione nel racconto del mito alla dimensione popolare della religiosità; infine quello esoterico-iniziatico, depositato nell’insegnamento orale delle dottrine non scritte e che è tipico della gnosi e che punta alla elevazione spirituale e alla contemplazione del Vero nella sua dimensione di ineffabilità.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Seleziona un'opzione
Nel 1972, ispirandosi a una festa in maschera vicino allo studio in cui lavorava, il pittore e scultore Andrew Logan istituisce un concorso tra amici in cui ognuno, presentandosi con un costume cucito con le proprie mani, pu˛ dare libero sfogo alle proprie fantasie, sfilando come una miss. Con il passare degli anni, quello che era un gioco diventa un evento vero e proprio, l'Alternative Miss World, a cui chiunque pu˛ prender parte, senza differenza di classe o sesso, e lanciare nuove mode o tendenze d'arte.
Nessuno ha ancora votato e commentato
THE BRITISH GUIDE TO SHOWING OFF
in sala
archivio<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>دستورالعمل های مشابه را برای شست و شوی حوله دنبال کنید یا نرم کننده پارچه را اضافه کنید، اما به مقدار کم.
استفاده بیش از حد از مواد شوینده و نرم کننده پارچه می تواند ظرفیت جذب رطوبت حوله ها را کاهش داده و باعث زبری آنها شود.
هنگام خشک کردن حوله تن پوش محسن، بهتر است از قرار گرفتن آنها در معرض نور مستقیم خورشید خودداری کنید.
آفتاب بیش از حد می تواند حوله های حمام را سفت تر کند و به الیاف آسیب برساند.
و اگر از خشک کن استفاده می کنید، زمانی که هنوز مرطوب هستند آنها را بیرون بیاورید تا خشک شدن در فضای باز تمام شود.
سپس آن ها را برای چند دقیقه در خشک کن قرار دهید تا حجم خوبی به آن ها بدهد.
بنابراین ؟ آیا می دانید چه زمانی حوله حمام را تعویض کنید؟ اگر شک دارید، لطفا به ما اطلاع دهید.
آیا از فواید یا ویژگی های حوله هایی که برای هر قسمت از بدن استفاده می کنید اطلاع دارید؟ پاسخ قطعا خیر است.
بیشتر اوقات، هنگام مراقبت از پوست، به کرم هایی که استفاده می کنیم یا دمای آب اهمیت می دهیم، اما به روش پاک کردن پوست خود اهمیت نمی دهیم.
در کل با حوله ای که در دست داریم خود را پاک می کنیم و این اولین خطا است.
بسیار مهم است که حوله را به اشتراک نگذارید و برای هر قسمت از بدن یک حوله داشته باشید.
شما از همین کرم برای صورت، دست و بقیه بدن استفاده نمی کنید، نه؟ در مورد حوله ها هم همینطور است.
حوله های دستی معمولاً حاوی باکتری های بیشتری نسبت به سایرین هستند، زیرا این ناحیه از بدن بیشتر در معرض محیط است.
علاوه بر این، از آنجایی که آنها چندین بار در روز استفاده می شوند، مرطوب می مانند که باعث تشکیل میکروب ها می شود.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>ESEE Taktik Suvival Bıçaklar.Cordura Destekli Kydex Kılıf.Çelik : 1095 Karbon, 55-57 Rc.Toz Boya Bitirmek.Çekiç Pommel w / Kordon Deliği.Düz Öğütme.Tam Özellikler, Özellikler,
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(trees), cotton and linen (rags),ESPARTO (GRASS) , and cereal (straw). Other materials used at times and in specialized places include: Abaca, Addar grass, Arundo donax (Spanish grass), bagasse, bamboo, baobab, carob, cotton linters, hemp, henequen, Johnson grass, jute, manila hemp, sisal, and sunflower stalks.
The earliest known paper was made in China, by Ts'ai Lun, although whether he actually invented the process or simply recorded its importance is debatable, and, while its origin has been tentatively established to be 104 to 105 A.D., there is evidence that it may have been known a hundred or more years earlier. Nearly a thousand years later the invention spread from China, moving eastward to Japan, south to India, and west to the Near East. From there is spread to Egypt, Morocco, and Spain (Toledo) in the 12th century. At about the same time the Italians learned the process in Palestine and returned with it to Italy. From Spain it spread to France, Holland, Germany, and the rest of Europe. In 1490, papermaking was begun in England by John Tate at Stevenage in Hertfordshire. William Rittenhouse established the first paper mill in the United States (Philadelphia) in 1690, some 100 years after paper was first made in Mexico.
The quality of early European paper (all of which was made from linen or cotton rags, or a mixture of the two) was very superior. Most of it seems to be of a relatively heavy substance with considerable character in the texture of the surface. It was also well sized. Subsequent to the invention of the stamping mill, in Valencia, Spain, in the 12th century, which shortened and facilitated the maceration of the pulp, the fibers of paper became shorter and the character of paper gradually changed, becoming smoother and thinner.
Very early in the 19th century, the manufacture of paper became mechanized, an event which was to have a profound effect on the craft of bookbinding. Whereas in paper made by hand the stretch caused by pasting or other moistening is virtually the same in all directions, the stretch in paper made on a machine is far greater in the cross direction than in the MACHINE DIRECTION .
This affects the bookbinder in many important ways; e.g., if the machine direction of the paper making up the leaves of a book runs the wrong way—at right angles to the spine—the leaves will probably not lie flat under their own weight, unless the paper is very thin or the surface area of the leaves is very great.
When the shortage of rags became chronic late in the 18th century, papermakers were forced to turn to other potential sources of vegetable fiber. Experimental papers were produced, but nothing new was adopted on a large scale until early in the 19th century when straw was first used.ESPARTO (GRASS) , the first really successful substitute for linen and cotton fibers, was put into commercial production early in the 1860s, and about 20 years later chemical and mechanical wood pulp papers were being produced in great quantities for use as book papers.
Early in the 19th century papermakers discovered that it was more economical to add rosin to the pulp while it was being beaten instead of dipping the sheet of waterleaf into a solution of gelatin in the manner practiced since the 12th century. Rosin reduced the absorbency of the paper, but, unlike gelatin, did not increase its strength. A great deal of the machine-made paper of this period is of low quality, having little tensile strength. It is also subject at times to severe FOXING .
The weakness, however, is probably due more to the ALUM used to precipitate the rosin than the rosin itself.
Paper coated with one of the clays, e.g., china clay, came into common use at the end of the 19th century. This type of paper is ideal for printing fine halftones, but it lacks strength, is easily damaged by moisture, and unless synthetic resins instead of starch are used as binders, the surface strips off easily. See: HANDMADE PAPER ;PAPERMAKING . See also: ABSORBENT PAPERS ;ACCELERATED AGING TESTS ;ACID-FREE PAPER ;AIR PERMEABILITY ;BASIC SIZE ;BASIS WEIGHT ;BREAKING LENGTH ;BRIGHTNESS ;BRIGHTNESS REVERSION ;BRITTLENESS ;BULK (2 , 3 , 4 );BULK EQUIVALENTS ;BURST FACTOR ;BURSTING STRENGTH ;COMPRESSIBILITY ;CONDITIONING ;COTTON FIBER CONTENT PAPER ;DECKLE EDGE ;DUPLEX (1) ;
FOLDING ENDURANCE ;FORMATION ;FOURDRINIER MACHINE ;FOURDRINIER WIRE ;GROUNDWOOD FREE PAPER ;M.M. SYSTEM ;MOLD-MADE PAPER ;SIZES OF PAPER ;
WATERLEAF ;WATERMARK .
(17 , 58 , 77 , 79 , 80 , 143 , 144 , 176 , 268 , 323 )
Timestamp: Saturday, 19-Nov-2011 13:18:43 PST
Retrieved: Wednesday, 15-Aug-2018 09:01:44 GMT<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Göğüs Kanseri: Egzersizin Faydalı Etkileri Var Mı?
Göğüs Kanseri: Egzersizin Faydalı Etkileri Var Mı?
Danimarka’daki Kopenhag Üniversitesi Hastanesinde Fiziksel Aktivite Araştırması Merkezi’nde grup lideri olan Pernille Hojman, epidemiyolojik kanıtların biriktirilmesinin, egzersizin kadının meme kanseri nüksü riskini azaltabildiğini, ancak bu korumanın altında yatan moleküler mekanizmalar hakkında nispeten az şey bildiğini bildirmiştir. O, moleküler olarak tümör ilerlemesi ve metastazını hedefleyen eğitim müdahaleleri tasarlayacaksak, bunu tamamen anlamamızın önemli olduğunu söyledi.
Hojman meslektaşları daha önce göğüs kanserinden kurtulmuş kadınların yoğun egzersiz yapmasının iki saat sürdüğünü, serumdaki bazı faktörlerin seviyesini artırdığını ve bu serumun in vitro olarak meme kanseri hücre çizgilerinin sağkalımını azalttığını bildirmişlerdir. Bu çalışmada, araştırmacılar, hücre canlılığı ve bunun arkasındaki mekanizmalar üzerindeki etkinin hangi faktörün sorumlu olduğunu belirlemeye çalışmışlardır.
Çalışma Nasıl Yapıldı ve Sonuçlar: Hojman ve arkadaşları, iki saat önce ve sonra erken evre meme kanseri için cerrahi sonrası adjuvan kemoterapi ile tedavi edilen yedi sağlıklı kadın ve 20 kadından, serum elde etmek için işledikleri kan örneklerini aldılar. ılımlı yoğun egzersiz. Meme kanserli kadınların katıldığı egzersiz Kopenhag Üniversitesi Hastanesinde altı haftalık standart egzersiz rehabilitasyon programının bir parçasıydı.
Hem sağlıklı kadınlardan hem de meme kanserli kişilerden alınan egzersiz sonrasında elde edilen serum, egzersiz öncesi elde edilen serumla karşılaştırıldığında in vitro olarak iki meme kanseri hücre çizgisi MCF-7 ve MDA-MB-231’in sağkalımını azaltmıştır. Ayrıca, farelere enjekte edildiğinde MCF-7 hücrelerinin tümör oluşturma yeteneğini önemli ölçüde azaltmıştır. Egzersizden sonra elde edilen seruma maruz kalan hücreleri alan farelerin yüzde kırk beşi, tümörlerin gelişmesini sağlayarak serumdan etkilenen hücrelerin yüzde 90’ı ile karşılaştırıldığında gelişmiştir.
Egzersizden sonra elde edilen serumun MCF-7 hücre sağkalımı üzerindeki etkileri ve farelerde tümör oluşturma yeteneği, epinefrin MCF-7 hücrelerinin yüzeyi üzerindeki reseptörüne bağlanmasından bloke edilirse, önemli ölçüde azalmıştır. Epinefrini bloke etmek, egzersiz sonrası elde edilen serumun MDA-MB-231 hücreleri üzerindeki etkilerini önemli ölçüde etkilemedi.
Diğer analizler, egzersiz sonrası elde edilen serumdaki epinefrinin, MCF-7 hücrelerinde bilinen, fakat MDA-MB-231 hücrelerinde bilinen bir tümör baskılayıcı sinyal yolunu, Hippo sinyal yolunu aktive ettiğini gösterdi.
Hojman, “Bu çalışmanın sonuçları, orta-yüksek yoğunluklu egzersizin, epinefrin seviyelerinde akut bir artışa yol açtığını göstermektedir. Bu durum, Hippo sinyal yolunun aktivasyonu yoluyla meme kanseri hücre canlılığını ve tümör büyümesini azaltabilir” dedi. “Bu veriler meme kanseri olan kadınlar için orta ila yüksek yoğunlukta egzersiz için optimal olabileceğini düşündürmesine rağmen, bunu doğrulamak için daha fazla çalışmaya ihtiyaç vardır. Meme kanseri teşhisi konmuş kadınlar, bir egzersiz programına başlamadan önce bir doktora başvurmalıdır.
Hojman, “MCF-7 hücreleri, hormon reseptör-pozitif ve MDA-MB-231 hücreleri üçlü negatiftir” diye ekledi. “Üçlü negatif meme kanseri ile kıyaslandığında, hormon reseptör-pozitif meme kanserinin rekürrens riskini azaltmada egzersizin daha iyi olabileceğini gösteren epidemiyolojik veriler vardır, bu da egzersiz sonrası elde edilen serumun etkilerinin neden MCF- Hücrelerinde daha belirgin olduğunu açıklayabilir.
Buna ek olarak, bu hücre çizgileri taşıdıkları mutasyonlar bakımından farklıdır ve egzersiz etkisindeki farklılık bunun bir sonucu olabilir. ” Hojman’a göre, çalışmanın ana kısıtlılığı, bunun doğal süreçler değil, meme kanseri nüksü ve metastaz modelidir.
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这一天，冰沼城的人们终于回想起来了，人类的祖先们曾一度被恶龙所支配的恐惧，以及朝圣之城撒亚之所以会被称为朝圣之城的原因。
就在人们头顶飞过一条硕大无比的漆黑巨龙之时，这种恐惧再一次从他们的灵魂深处被唤醒。
这黑龙扇起的强风直接吹翻小贩的摊位，双翼展开能遮蔽日光，令人骇然的阴
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段评功能已上线，在此处设置开关<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Rusya tarafından işgal edilen Kırım'ın Kerç şehrinde bulunan eski Herson Üniversitesi yerle bir edildi.
Yerel bir kaynaktan alınan bilgilere göre bazı kimliği belirsiz kişiler binadaki tüm camları kırdı, hatta bazı pencere çerçevelerini de çıkardılar.
Binanın içindeki duvarların çizildiği, kitapların yırtıldığı, binadan çıkarılamayan mobilyaların da kırılmış olduğu görüldü.
Bina girişinin önünde döşenen fayansların dahi çıkarıldığı ancak masa ve banklara dokunulmadığı aktarıldı.
QHA<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>“خانم ارمنستان 2003” ، “معاون اروپا 2005” لوسین توماسیان جلسه پرسش و پاسخ را در صفحه اینستاگرام خود ترتیب داد.
پیروان علاقه مند بودند که تفاوت سنی شوهرش بر رابطه چگونه تأثیر می گذارد ، زیرا آرتور 9 سال از لوزین بزرگتر است.
“تفاوت بین 10 یا 2 چیست؟” نکته اصلی این است که درک کنیم که او تنها و منحصر به فرد است. ما 9 سال اختلاف داریم. “لوزین با انتشار یک عکس خانوادگی شاد نوشت.
لوزین در پاسخ به این سوال که آیا ازدواج آسان بود یا مردد بود؟ “کمی بعد او اینستاگرام را بررسی می کند ، بگذارید بخواند که در نگاه اول بلافاصله فهمیدم که او تنها شخص من است.”
دارنده عنوان زیبایی به موضوع جراحی پلاستیک اشاره کرد و خاطرنشان کرد: نگاه کردن در آینه نمی خواهد چیزی را تغییر دهد.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>I see young players often freeze during a [tag]baseball game[/tag] when they field a ball. I use these [tag]beginning baseball drills for kids[/tag] to get them used to fielding, and throwing to first as their immediate reaction.
Drill: Roll and Go
Level: Beginner (works best with 4-7 year olds)
One player is stationed at home plate with a [tag]baseball[/tag], one player is stationed at the pitcher’s spot, and one player at first base. The player at home plate rolls the ball to the pitcher, and then takes off for first base. The pitcher must field the ball, and throw to first to get the runner.
Goals: For the child in the pitcher’s spot, the rolled ball should be easier to field, and the focus is on picking up the ball and getting rid of it to first base. The first baseman gets to work on receiving throws at first. The runner should work on running THROUGH first base.
Variations: In the very beginning stages, the [tag]baseball coach[/tag] may want to tell the runner, “Go” a few seconds after the roll to make the plays close at first base. As the kids improve throwing to first, they can move back to shortstop to start rather than the pitcher’s spot.
Also, you can make this an outfield drill by moving the fielders to the outfield, and having 2nd basemen and shortstop positions. The outfield should focus on getting the ball to second base (using a cut-off man). In this version, a coach at first base can instruct a base runner to run through first or round first and go to second. This gives the runners practice at looking for the base coach.
Kids seem to really like this one. Several are engaged on one play, and there is a slight competitive aspect to it.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Manned Space Flight Network
There were two other NASA space communication networks at the time, the Spacecraft Tracking and Data Acquisition Network (STADAN) for tracking unmanned satellites in low Earth orbit, and the Deep Space Network (DSN) for tracking more distant unmanned missions. After the end of Skylab, the MSFN and STADAN were merged to form the Spaceflight Tracking and Data Network (STDN). STDN was in turn replaced by the satellite-based Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System (TDRSS) during the Space Shuttle program, being used as of 2009[update].
Orbital versus deep space tracking
Tracking vehicles in low Earth orbits (LEO) is quite different from tracking deep space missions. Deep space missions are visible for long periods of time from a large portion of the Earth's surface, and so require few stations (the DSN uses only three, as of February 20, 2010[update]). These few stations, however, require the use of huge antennas and ultra-sensitive receivers to cope with the very distant, weak signals. Low Earth orbit missions, on the other hand, are only visible from a small fraction of the Earth's surface at a time, and the satellites move overhead quickly, which requires a large number of tracking stations, spread all over the world. The antennas required for LEO tracking and communication are not required to be as large as those used for deep space, but they must be able to track quickly.
These differing requirements led NASA to build a number of independent tracking networks, each optimized for its own mission. Prior to the mid-1980s, when the Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System (TDRSS) satellites became operational, NASA used several networks of ground based antennas to track and communicate with Earth orbiting spacecraft. For the Mercury, Gemini, and Apollo missions, these were the primary means of communication, with the Deep Space Network (DSN) being assigned a supporting/backup role.
Mercury MSFN stations
- Goldstone Deep Space Communications Complex (GDS), California
- Coopers Island, Bermuda (BDA)
- Grand Canary Island (CAN)
- Guaymas, Mexico (GYM)
- Kano, Nigeria (KAN)
- Kauai, Hawaii (HAW)
- Mercury Control Center (CNV), Cape Canaveral, Florida
- White Sands, New Mexico (WHS)
- Woomera Test Range, Australia (WOM)
- Indian Ocean ship (IOS)
- Pacific Ocean ship (USNS Wheeling)
The Bermuda FPS-16 radar was the only radar on the entire network that had track during the capsule's insertion into an orbital track, and thus was vital to the verification of proper orbit. The next station to have contact was the Canary Islands.
Cooper's flight was delayed for 24 hours due to a malfunction in the Bermuda FPS-16 radar's antenna data system. The radar set failed a CADFISS test, where all the stations in the network had to transmit information to NASA to insure accurate information could be obtained. The failed part was replaced within 3 hours, but when the Capsule communicator asked for a realistic estimate, he was told 24 hours. The mission was immediately scrubbed for one day.
The network expanded for Project Gemini's longer flights which included rendezvous operations involving two spacecraft. A move toward increased computerization and decreased voice support for Gemini made a more centralized network possible with fewer primary stations and more secondary stations, although those major facilities were better equipped. Some Mercury stations were dropped; many were supplemented with new hardware.
The Apollo missions
The technical facts of life were these: the radars of the Mercury and Gemini Networks obviously could not track two spacecraft orbiting the Moon a quarter-million miles away: neither could the small MSFN telemetry antennas hope to pick out the telemetry and voice messages in the weak signals arriving from the vicinity of the Moon. Translated into network hardware terms, Apollo would require at least the following changes in the MSFN:
- A range and range rate tracking system, such as GRARR or the JPL range and range rate system, would have to be incorporated to accurately track the distant spacecraft while it was out of radar range.
- Large dish antennas with high gains,
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人的年轻妇女订阅1,500万股,
对负有税收这一成绩的任伟大装配订阅了600万300咚咚地走。,解说这个成绩。
非公生长行该当请教成为搭档大会。,并经奇纳河证监会照准
可停止。
在这个成绩较晚地,公司的实践把持人不熟练的转变。
一、买卖概述
（1）公司拟公生长行不超过57毫,朝内的：宁波汇丰封锁
资桩股为股份有限公司订阅3,000万股,解说这个成绩大发国际喜欢指使他人的年轻妇女订阅
1,500万股,对负有税收这一成绩的任伟大装配订阅了600万300咚咚地走。,解说这个成绩
; 单方于2011年11月28日在浙江省宁波市签字了《宁波茁壮电子趣味有
股份有限公司非公生长行订阅拟定草案（以下略语R）。此买卖责怪
变得有条理相干买卖。
（二）公司四届四次董事会会
份详细提出某事的体育运动、上公司非公生长行份详细提出某事的推荐信（上诉EDI）、《上
公司与宁波汇丰封锁桩趣味份股份有限公司、大发国际喜欢指使他人的年轻妇女、任伟大装配在这家公司签了人家公司。
趣味订阅拟定草案的推荐信与非先决条件的,意见相合公司和宁波汇
资桩趣味股份有限公司、大发国际喜欢指使他人的年轻妇女、任伟大装配的前述的拟定草案。
（三）这项买卖仍需成功行政经理的照准。。
（四）非公生长行份须经称许。
二、订阅男朋友引见
订阅男朋友一:宁波汇丰封锁桩趣味份股份有限公司
加入场所或地点：宁波银州姜山镇Yu Jia村、墙村1层2层
法定代理人：任琦峰
加入本钱：3000万元
找到日期：2009年12月15日
经营范围：普通职业规划图：工业界规划图封锁。
订阅男朋友二:大发国际
住地：9号，3组、大岙村、横席镇，银州，倪
订阅男朋友三：任伟大
住处:浙江省宁波市江东区甬港北路 48 弄 38 号 304 室
宁波汇丰封锁桩趣味份股份有限公司之法定代理人任奇峰装配与大发国际喜欢指使他人的年轻妇女为
爱人和已婚妇女；任伟大装配是任琦峰装配的远亲。,并任宁波汇丰封锁桩趣味份有
股份有限公司董事。
前述的订阅男朋友与COMPANN中间缺勤相干。。
三、和约的主要姑息
1、订购定量
(1)宁波汇丰封锁桩趣味份股份有限公司意见相合按拟定草案商定的物价方法订阅标的
趣味,订购定量为这次非份总额的野外成绩,即3,000万股。如散布
在实践分派手续中修补定量,订户定量与订户成正比例。
(2)大发国际意见相合按拟定草案商定的物价方法订阅标的趣味,订购定量为这次非
份总额的野外成绩,即1,500万股。如散布定量在实践发行手续中调
整,订户定量与订户成正比例。
（3）任维达意见相合订阅标的份。,订购定量为这次非
份总额的野外成绩,630万股。如散布在实践分派手续中修补定量,
订户定量与订户成正比例。
2、订阅方法
宁波汇丰封锁桩趣味份股份有限公司、大发国际喜欢指使他人的年轻妇女、任伟大装配订阅现钞。
公司的份。。
3、订阅价钱
公司非公生长行的每股价钱是四个一组之物元。
公报日（物价日）公正地百分之九十,即
人民币/股（免得发行人在基线价钱日A中间结清股息）、送红股、资
这笔公积金的利钱和利钱的去除,发行价钱和发行定量将呼应修补。。
订阅人意见相合订阅发行人发行的趣味。。
4、订阅份的限期
宁波汇丰封锁桩趣味份股份有限公司、大发国际喜欢指使他人的年轻妇女、任伟大装配订阅的份
不成在非完毕之日起36个月内停止让。。
5、失约税收条目
（1）第一不当观察员或实行本各种的与会者下的拟定草案；、工作或税收、申请有特殊教育需要或使安全,即
由 … 组成失约,失约方对负有税收赔款失败,除单方另有商定外。
（2）本拟定草案下发行非公生长行份的成绩
经奇纳河证监会照准或不经照准的,发行人不得由 … 组成失约。
（3）无论哪一个未能实行或零件未能实行该拟定草案的第一；
工作不应被乐趣失约。,而是，在精华的的先决条件的下，麝香采取万事精华的的赔偿办法。,增添阻碍的账目
力损。不成抗力的第一,应尽快写成文字的留心碰撞。,
并在事情产生后15天内翻他方成绩报告单。。免得不成抗力事情继续30
一天到晚不只是,党有权以写成文字的模式结果本拟定草案。。
（4）抬出去本各种的与会者的抬出去碰撞,订阅人该当试图公司相信证/连带税收相信证人。
供赴约相信证。在本拟定草案订约之日起5个工作日内,订阅揭发公司试图无效和无效
安全办法规划图,用户有权结合多种相信证模式。,确保相信证详细提出某事有理地覆盖物本拟定草案
的实行。公司兼并，援助参与相信证顺序。。
（5）单方的拟定草案,如公司未能实行或未能实行本拟定草案
提案下的订阅工作,用户有权回绝发行公司的非管理权。、
选择等等订阅男朋友等来处置。
6、拟定草案见效的先决条件的和见效时期
本拟定草案由发行人的法定代理人或许相信人签字。
立,并在姑息如下先决条件的后见效
（1）非公生长行成功成为搭档大会照准。
（2）奇纳河证监会照准了这一非公生长行。
四、买卖的踢向及其对股票上市的公司的碰撞
在公生长行在前,郑康丁装配和妻经过宁波普利斯电子股份有限公司和NI。
公司电子科技趣味股份有限公司桩公司。该公司已发行了5咚咚地走。,700万股,后发行
公司总库存为19,420万股增至25,120万股,郑康丁装配认捐五百七十万。。本
份发行后的份发行,郑康丁装配和妻经过宁波普利斯电子股份有限公司和NI。
成绩斯电子科技趣味股份有限公司直线持股把持,三等等订阅
像峰值封锁、大发国际和任伟达订阅这次非公生长行份后,参加拘押后发行总股
本的 、和 。这次后发行,郑康丁装配实践供职碰撞不熟练的转变
变,非公生长即将不熟练的动机实践把持人的变卦。。
在良好的遗产开展配乐下,公司采取非公生长行,在半导中应用公司
车身填充材料王国的技术优势、量度优势,诱惹情况保险单背衬和顾客开展的大吉大利,
停止《年产 3000 万条高密度集成电路有木架的(QFN)腰围规划图》和《年产 50
一亿公寓衣服LED有木架的腰围（一期）规划图。,深一层的展开、合并公司在顾客达到目的位
达到目的位,助长公司继续禁食开展。
该规划图适合情况互相牵连遗产保险单和保险单销路。
收缩揭发,具有良好的市集生长远景和经济效果,规划图完整的后,可以深一层的展开公
公司获得最大限度的,增添收益增长点,托起竟争能力,债务操作有理、实用的,
适合公司及各种的成为搭档的收益。
经过停止这一非公生长行,宁波汇丰封锁桩趣味份股份有限公司、大发国际喜欢指使他人的年轻妇女、
任伟达装配授予公司来开展的资产背衬,引起T公司全套服装事情开展的目的和战术
主修规划图办法。这次非公生长行完整的后,公司的本钱人力巨大地托起了。,净资产将较大
振幅托起,促成增大资产的稳定性和风险承受力。。
五、备查提出
1、上四个一组之物届董事会四个一组之物次会的成功实现的事
2、订阅拟定草案
宁波茁壮电子趣味股份有限公司板
11月29日，二<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>BC is returning to its big spending ways of the 1990s
During the 1990s, British Columbia’s economy generally suffered from lacklustre growth and poor fiscal performance. To bring the extent of BC’s fiscal and economic weakness into focus, consider that the 1990s have been referred to as the province’s “lost decade”. In every year of the 1990s, BC ran budget deficits—at a time when many other provinces were implementing successful fiscal consolidations and producing balanced budgets. Following the fiscal consolidations of the early 1990s, nearly every other province saw its net financial position (government liabilities minus financial assets) relative to GDP either essentially hold steady or improve over the second half of the 1990s. BC, on the other hand, saw continued growth in its debt-to-GDP ratio through the second half of that decade.
Back in 2001, my colleagues Jason Clemens and Joel Emes noted that undisciplined government spending was one of the root problems of BC’s fiscal and economic woes during the 1990s (the other being uncompetitive tax rates). Specifically, in a detailed analysis of BC’s fiscal and economic situation, they wrote:
“The root of the economic problems in British Columbia is poor public policy founded on a belief in the efficacy of a more activist and interventionist government. Over the last decade, real per capita government expenditures in British Columbia have increased 7.5 percent, compared to declining expenditures of 0.6 percent in Ontario and 19.7 percent in Alberta. Government spending as a percent of GDP increased by 13.3 percent in British Columbia over the 1990s while it decreased 2.8 percent and 27.0 percent in Ontario and Alberta, respectively.”
With a new Liberal government elected in 2001, and a new focus on more prudent fiscal management, BC’s fiscal situation began to improve.
In a recent examination of program spending (all spending excluding debt service payments), my colleagues and I found that BC exercised greater spending restraint than any other province in the decade and a half after 2001. The chart below illustrates this by comparing the growth in real (inflation-adjusted) program spending per person in all 10 provinces between 2002/03 and 2016/17. It shows that real per capita program spending in BC increased at an average annual rate of 0.9 percent over the period—the lowest rate of any province. Newfoundland had the highest rate of spending growth at 2.8 percent while Ontario’s rate was 1.8 percent and Alberta’s was 1.3 percent. These differences in the annual spending growth rate between provinces may appear relatively small at first glance. However, compounded over time they have a substantial impact on a province’s overall spending level.
Things have changed again in BC with a new NDP government assuming power in July 2017. Based on BC’s latest budget, we’re seeing early signs of a reversion back to the big spending ways of the 1990s. As evidence, the following chart displays program spending in BC from 2016/17 to 2019/20 under both the previous Liberals plan from the 2017 budget and the current NDP plan from the 2018 budget. Cumulatively, the NDP plan is to spend $9.9 billion more over the course of three years than the Liberals. Moreover, from 2017/18 to 2019/20, the NDP plans to increase program spending at an average annual rate of 5.2 percent, which is double the 2.6 percent planned under the Liberals.
After just one full year in power, it seems British Columbians may be seeing history repeat itself with a return to the big spending NDP government of the 1990s.
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Get the latest news from the Fraser Institute on the latest research studies, news and events.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>سخنگوی جمعیت هلال احمر خبر داد
خرید ۲ میلیون دز واكسن كرونا از طرف هلال احمر
دکتر ایزی: سخنگوی جمعیت هلال احمر از ورود دو میلیون دز واکسن کرونا طی روزهای آتی به کشور آگاهی داد.
محمدحسن قوسیان مقدم در گفت و گو با ایسنا گفت: از زمان صدور مجوز واردات واکسن کرونا به هلال احمر از نیمه فروردین ماه امسال تا حالا بیش از دو و نیم میلیون دز واکسن از طرف این جمعیت وارد کشور شده است.
وی با اعلان اینکه پیگیری جمعیت هلال احمر برای خرید واکسن کرونا از منابع مورد تایید ادامه پیدا کرد، اظهار داشت: پس از وقفه ای که به وجود آمد برمبنای قولی که داده بودیم بیش از دو میلیون دز واکسن کرونا وارد کشور خواهد شد.
دبیرکل جمعیت هلال احمر با اعلان اینکه مبالغ این واکسن قبلا پرداخت شده است، اظهار داشت: به زودی و طی چند روز آینده این محموله وارد کشور خواهد شد.
قوسیان اشاره کرد: پیگیری های هلال احمر برای واردات واکسن به کشور در هماهنگی با وزارت بهداشت و ستادملی مقابله با کرونا ادامه دارد.
منبع: drez.ir
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نظرات بینندگان در مورد این مطلب<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>清朝最后一位格格“爱新觉罗•显琦”，是清肃亲王善耆第17个女儿，也是川岛芳子的妹妹，她一生受到川岛芳子影响，人生过得跌宕起伏，她曾经与姐姐感情深厚，但最终两人因政治因素而渐行渐远，还曾受姐姐牵连被关进监狱长达15年，但她却从未想放弃，出狱后还创办学校。
清朝最后一位格格“爱新觉罗•显琦”，清朝灭亡后改名金默玉，是清肃亲王善耆第17个女儿，而她第14位姐姐就是川岛芳子，当时善耆希望复辟清廷，寄托日本人帮忙完成大业，还将女儿“爱新觉罗氏.显玗”过继给结拜兄弟川岛浪速，也就是川岛芳子，所以金默玉从未看过这一位姐姐，直到父亲过世两人才相见。
川岛芳子17岁时被养父性侵，导致她性格大变，对社会充满仇恨，1927年她回到大陆结婚，嫁给蒙古族的甘珠尔扎布，并与个性相似的金默玉亲近起来，川岛芳子回来后为日本人卖命，窃取大量军事情报，也让金默玉难以接受，不过一次金默玉生病，川岛芳子非常贴心照顾她，还带她外出游玩、社交，让金默玉对姐姐改观，但不久才知道，姐姐其实是想让她成为自己的助手。
金默玉得知姐姐的计谋后，开始选择疏远对方，川岛芳子还为此大发雷霆，拿刀想伤害她，所幸她们的大哥制止，才没发生憾事，但两人逐渐变成陌生人，直到1945年日本战败，川岛芳子被捕入狱，事隔3年后被枪决，金默玉的哥哥不久后决定到香港生活，但金默玉选择留在大陆，成为一家经济支柱，为了生计她只能变卖自己的东西。<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>-
DFONT
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PS
Bu, Mac OS X işletim sistemi için oluşturuldu. Eski çalışma ortamı sürümlerinin aksine, yazı tipi veri dosyasının yerine kaynak konuda iş parç
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، ذخیره نمایند. مایکروسافت این شرکت را در اوایل ساری جاری خرید و به نظر می رسد که هم اکنون موقعیت و توان آن را دارد که آن را به پلتفرم پیش فرض ویندوز تبدیل سازد.
مایکروسافت اعلام نکرده است که نرم افزار ایکس باکس با سایر سرویس های استریم کننده کار خواهد کرد یا خیر، اما قطعا به نظر می رسد که راهی ساده برای پخش گیم پلی است.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>参考消息网9月29日报道 英媒称，美国证券监管机构27日指控特斯拉公司首席执行官埃隆·马斯克欺诈，并寻求解除马斯克在这家电动汽车企业的领导职务。证券监管机构称，马斯克上月发布了一系列有关特斯拉可能被私有化的“虚假和具有误导性的”推文。
据路透社纽约/旧金山9月27日报道，现年47岁的马斯克是被美国证券交易委员会指控欺诈的最高调的科技公司高管之一。对处于亏损状态的特斯拉而言，失去公司形象代言人和领导力将是重大打击。目前该公司市值超过500亿美元，这主要得益于投资者对马斯克领导力的信任。
特斯拉的股票在盘后交易中下跌了12%。
马斯克称自己并无过错。他在一份声明中说：“美国证交会这一不公正的举动让我深感难过和失望。我一直以最符合事实、透明度和投资者利益的方式行事。”
8月7日，也就是在美国证交会向曼哈顿联邦法院提起诉讼不到两个月前，马斯克在推特上对2200多万关注者说，他可能会以每股420美元的价格将特斯拉私有化。他说，特斯拉“已获得融资”。
美国证交会在起诉书中称，马斯克是在当天收盘价基础上溢价20%计算出每股420美元的价格的，同时也是因为这个数字在某种意义上代表“大麻”（4月20日是国际大麻日）。起诉书援引马斯克的话说，他认为自己的女友会觉得这样很有趣。<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Eucalyptus leucoxylon, in the family Myrtaceae, commonly known as the Yellow Gum, (South Australian) Blue Gum or White Ironbark, is a small to medium-sized tree with rough bark on the lower 1-2 metres of the trunk, above this, the bark becomes smooth with a white, yellow or bluish-grey surface. Adult leaves are stalked, lanceolate to broad-lanceolate, to 13 x 2.5 cm, concolorous, dull, green.
Flowers in white, pink or red appear during winter. The nectar-filled flowers attract native birds. E. leucoxylon is widely distributed on plains and nearby mountain ranges or coastal South Australia, where it is known as the Blue Gum and extends into the western half of Victoria where it is known as the Yellow gum.The species has been divided into numerous varieties and subspecies. A spectacular red-flowered form of uncertain provenance, Eucalyptus leucoxylon ‘Rosea’ is widely planted as an ornamental plant, it flowers profusely in winter.
A threatened subspecies known as the Bellarine Yellow Gum (Eucalyptus leucoxylon subsp. bellarinensis) is endemic to the Bellarine Peninsula at the south-eastern end of the species' range. The leaves are distilled for the production of cineole based eucalyptus oil.
Join me for Floral Friday Fotos by linking your flower photos below, and please leave a comment once you have done so!
***If you take part in the meme, please show an active link back to this site on your own blog post!****
Add your own link to the Linky list below and say hello in a comment. Please visit other participants in the meme (I know I've been remiss in visiting all of your entries, however, I am currently very busy with work - I'll be back viewing all your entries soon!).<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>A Tale of Two Cities: Resurrection and Sacrifice
Resurrection and Sacrifice Charles Dickens was an English author in the 19th century. A Tale of Two Cities by Dickens is a story of sacrifice and resurrection. Throughout the novel numerous circumstances of this are displayed. Charles Darnay, Dr. Manette and Lucie Manette, and Sydney Container are all examples of sacrifice and resurrection in the novel. First, Charles Darnay is resurrected through sacrificing his life as a French aristocrat. Darnay can not stand to be connected with the injustices of his uncle, Marquis Evremonde, and sacrifices his freedom and benefits.
At his uncle’s will, Darnay is placed on trial for treason against England. Due to the fact that imprisonment is compared to a living death, when Darnay leaves jail time he is resurrected from social displeasure. Second, Dr. Manette and Lucie Manette are a prime example of sacrifice and resurrection since of love. Dr. Manette, after being imprisoned for eighteen years, is basically soulless and makes shoes as a way of coping with tortures of prison. Lucie Manette, his daughter, sacrifices her life to nurse her having a hard time father back to health and resurrect him.
Although Lucie strongly influences Dr. Manette’s recuperate, he makes his own sacrifice to Lucie that completes his resurrection. Through showing Lucie his own love in the very same way she provided for him, he acquires spiritual strength. Lastly, we see an example of sacrifice and resurrection due to the fact that of love through Sydney Carton. When we first fulfill Container, he is essentially an alcoholic who had not truly achieved anything in his life so far. When he fulfills Lucie, he falls in love with her.
Despite the fact that she selects Darnay, Container vows to safeguard her and the ones she enjoys. As Darnay is sentenced to be guillotined, Carton holds to his vow and exchanges clothing with Darnay. He makes the sacrifice of his life to protect Lucie and those that she looks after. Although his life was ended, Container is resurrected due to the fact that he achieves something terrific and is remembered for doing so. Through Charles Darnay, Dr. Manette and Lucie, and Sydney Container we are shown examples of sacrifice for love and a subsequent resurrection.
Darnay sacrifices his liberty and benefits to be resurrected and unassociated with the cruel oppressions of his uncle. Lucie sacrifices her life to assist resurrect her daddy, and Dr. Manette finishes his own resurrection by showing Lucie the very same love she has actually shown him. Container makes the greatest sacrifice of all, his own life, to reveal his love for Lucie and because of this his life has meaning and his is reanimated. Chuck Palahniuk stated, “Only after disaster can we be reanimated.” Through A Tale of 2 Cities, we can see that this holds true.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Just as birders can identify birds by their melodious calls, David George Haskell can distinguish trees by their sounds. The task is especially easy when it rains, as it so often does in the Ecuadorian rainforest. Depending on the shapes and sizes of their leaves, the different plants react to falling drops by producing “a splatter of metallic sparks” or “a low, clean, woody thump” or “a speed-typist’s clatter.” Every species has its own song. Train your ears (and abandon the distracting echoes of a plastic rain jacket) and you can carry out a botanical census through sound alone.
“I’ve taught ornithology to students for many years,” says Haskell, a natural history writer and professor of biology at Sewanee. “And I challenge my students: Okay, now that you’ve learned the songs of 100 birds, your task is to learn the sounds of 20 trees. Can you tell an oak from a maple by ear? I have them go out, pour their attention into their ears, and harvest sounds. It’s an almost meditative experience. And from that, you realize that trees sound different, and they have amazing sounds coming from them. Our unaided ears can hear how a maple tree changes its voice as a soft leaves of early spring change into the dying one of autumn.”
This acoustic world is open to everyone, but most of us never enter it. It just seems so counter-intuitive—not to mention a little hokey—to listen to trees. But Haskell does listen, and he describes his experiences with sensuous prose in his enchanting new book The Songs of Trees. A kind of naturalist-poet, Haskell makes a habit of returning to the same places and paying “repeated sensory attention” to them. “I like to sit down and listen, and turn off the apps that come pre-installed in my body,” he says. Humans may be a visual species, but “sounds reveals things that are hidden from our eyes because the vibratory energy of the world comes around barriers and through the ground. Through sound, we come to know the place.”
In his first book, The Forest Unseen, Haskell trekked to the same patch of Tennessee forest and described how a single square meter changed over a year. His keen observations and achingly beautiful narration earned him a spot on the Pulitzer finalist list in 2012. Now, he brings the same sensibility to his sophomore effort. In The Song of Trees, he visits a dozen specially chosen trees, including: a pear tree in the heart of Manhattan; an olive tree in Jerusalem; a sabal palm, roughing the salt and sun of a Georgian beach; a towering, rain-drenched ceibo in Ecuador; and a bonsai pine that survived the Hiroshima bombing and now lives in Washington, D.C. Each of these protagonists is a focal point for stories about the natural world.
But Haskell doesn’t treat the trees as individuals. He sees them as “nature’s great connectors,” living symbols of the book’s great theme—that life is about relationships.
Roots draw nutrients from symbiotic fungi and communicate with neighboring bacteria. Leaves sniff the air to detect the health of neighbors, while releasing alarm chemicals that summon caterpillar-destroying parasites. Seeds are dispersed by far-flying birds. Photosynthetic cells harness the power of sunlight using structures evolved from free-living microbes. And these kinds of relationships are ancient: A balsam fir that Haskell encounters in Ontario exemplifies this idea; it grows on rocks that contain the corpses of bacterial colonies that lived 1.9 to 2.3 billion years ago.
“The fundamental nature of life may be not atomistic but relational,” Haskell says. “Life is not just networked; it is network.”
Haskell sees life, as exemplified by trees, as less about the stories of individuals and more as “temporary aggregations of relationships.” And death, then, is the de-centering of those relationships, as the “self degenerates into the network.” “There’s an ash log here in Tennessee, which is close to where I teach. I had been waiting for years in the forest to be there exactly when a big tree falls, and that particular log blew me away with how many cool creatures came in and used it. It even put out a few buds in the years after it fell. Compared to humans, the difference between life and death seems a lot less clear to me for a tree, and you could argue that its afterlife was more life-giving to the forest than its life.”
A forest’s networks also provide it with something that Haskell likens to intelligence—and he asserts that this isn’t anthropomorphism. Plants sense and respond to their surroundings. They store information—memories—about the threat of grazing mouths or past climatic conditions. They integrate information both within their tissues and beyond. When such processes happen in a nervous system, we talk of minds, thought, and behavior. So it is with plants, Haskell argues.
“I’m very comfortable using words like intelligence, but I need to emphasize that this is a very other kind of intelligence,” he says. It’s slow, diffuse, other. “We’re not putting elves in the forest or imagining one big super-organism that thinks in a human-like way. The forest’s intelligence is so decentralized compared to ours. To me, the closer analogy is of human culture. Ideas and human culture happens between points of consciousness in our brains. It’s very decentralized, but it has memory and contributes to our understanding and our ability to solve problems.”
There is grandeur to this view of life but it also carries a somewhat hippie aesthetic, with its talk of connections, vibratory energy, and in some cases, literal tree-hugging. “My fear is that academic colleagues will read this and think I’ve gone soft-headed,” says Haskell. “A New Age view of the world does capture some truth that relationships are important. But that doesn’t mean nature is a place of endless harmony and loving kindness. Networks are places where that tension between conflict and cooperation get played out. Any field biologist knows that the world is riven by pain as well as beauty.”
“The Victorians had a sugary natural history where divine providence was perceived in the opening of every flower,” he adds. “We’ve now had 100 years of people reacting against that. But in doing so, we’ve overlooked some of the other points about nature—the role of networks, and the importance of symbiosis and cooperation.”
This tendency to focus on individuals at the expense of networks has, Haskell believes, led us to distance ourselves from nature. “I don’t buy either the religious view that we’re separate, or the view from the environmental community that we don’t belong anymore, and the planet would be better off without us,” he says. Seeing nature as an untouched land that we wall off in national parks is, Haskell argues, just as damaging to our sense of belonging as the religious view that we have dominion above all creation. “Dogmas of separation fragment the community of life; they wall humans in a lonely room,” he writes.
We can find salvation in the view of life as a community. In The Song of Trees, Haskell champions a kind of “ecological aesthetics,” where we find beauty in connectivity, and where “the microbial community under our feet may be more richly beautiful than the obvious grandeur of a mountain sunset.” And critically, we are part of those communities—an “insunderable” part of nature’s networks, rather than observers peeking in from the outside. “We can have no deficit of nature; we are nature, even when we are unaware of this nature,” he writes. Becoming aware requires attention and deep engagement, of the kind that most of us rarely pay to our surroundings.
Even Haskell surprises himself. “I go through New York many times a year and a few years ago, I said: I was going to pick a tree,” he tells me. “Talking to New Yorkers, everyone has a tale of triumph or woe about trees on their block or a lack of them. There’s a view that nature isn’t in the city and that is not my experience. So, I wandered around the Upper West Side until I found a tree that would be an interesting interlocutor. It’s very ordinary, which was part of the attraction. It’s a Bradford pear which is regarded as a trash tree.”
He wired it, inserting a sensor into its bark and listening through headphones. “I was hoping for recordings of the sounds of the tree and the subway and the street. But as I was focused on the tree, the whole dynamic of the sidewalk changed.” He became more aware of the people around him, and how his presence—and the tree’s—shaped the flow of the street. “I realized that it’s really about human networks too and it gave me a much deeper appreciation of the importance of trees in an urban context.” Trees can bring us closer to nature, but nature can also bring us closer to each other.
Indeed, Haskell has been pondering matters of unity and divisiveness more and more in recent months.“This book was written in the years before Trump but we’re in a world where one of the questions before us is: can walls work?” he says. “And I think if we think of the world as fundamentally relational, the question is not how we block things but how we live within those relationships.”<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>ABITRON 是工业领域安全型无线遥控器的领先制造商之一。我们的应用范围非常之广：使用按键式遥控器操控简易的链式葫芦、传统的工业起重机，使用双手操作的摇杆式遥控器操控真空吸吊机和磁力吊装机。ABITRON使用充电电池系统，使用户能够连续操控机器，这在三班制工作模式下尤其重要。使用原装 ABITRON 电池，可以连续操控机器至少一个班次，而无需更换电池。
我们的安全型无线遥控器在结构上坚固耐用，符合人体工程学，也完全可以在腐蚀性环境中使用，不会产生任何问题，例如：铸造车间和镀锌车间。ABITRON 安全型无线遥控器能够用于露天环境，不会受到刮风和天气的影响。ABITRON遥控系统的防尘和防水等级为IP 65，并配备了一种呼吸型的 GoreTex 透气薄膜，借此可将冷凝水从内向外导出，同时不会发生水或者灰尘渗入的现象。
我们的安全型无线遥控器最适合在港口及海上使用。我们可提供要求抗海水腐蚀的遥控系统，该系统具有德国劳氏船级社 (GL) 的测试和合格印章。
即使您的应用并不在列，我们也能够根据您的要求提供一种客户指定的解决方案。为此，您可以来电、通过传真或者电子邮件和我们联系，我们很乐意继续提供帮助。<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Determinare se la trasmissione di un’opera sui social media violi o meno il diritto di messa in circolazione ha scarsa importanza all’atto pratico. Se anche si ritenesse, infatti, che il diritto di messa in circolazione riguarda solo gli esemplari fisici, la trasmissione dell’opera comporterà sempre una riproduzione o una messa a disposizione, e in entrambi i casi è necessario il consenso dell’autore.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Nutrient deficiencies in plants are hard to spot and are often misdiagnosed. Plant deficiencies are often encouraged by a number of factors including poor soil, insect damage, too much fertilizer, poor drainage or disease. When nutrients such as magnesium, calcium, potassium, phosphorus and nitrogen are lacking, plants respond in a variety of ways—oftentimes in the leaves.
Leaf problems in plants that are deficient in nutrients or trace minerals are common and may include stunted growth,
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someone so special and invaluable in your life. Think how you can chalk out the schedule of this special day that actually makes you and other important people in life feel good. Fill the day with all the warmth in your actions and expressions that it becomes a memorable day for all. Allow yourself to be surrounded with people who have brought care, comfort and love in your life.
For many it is the day to be celebrated with Flowers, Chocolates and Greeting Cards but for some it is your time, care and presence which is more valuable. This Valentine’s Day, offer yourself to all of the loved ones in your life, and make the effort to show that how much you love and care for them!
Valentine’s Day offers us a unique opportunity to undertake a new perspective on how we choose to celebrate love.
So why not be a bit different this Valentine’s Day!
Do share these points about Valentine’s Day with a friend.
In 2016, Valentine’s Day is on Sunday, the 14th of February.
Happy Valentine’s Day!<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Enormous quantities of toxic mercury are now accumulating in the Arctic tundra as a result of industrial activity and emissions in the temperate parts of the globe, according to a new study from UMass Lowell.
While the presence of high quantities of mercury in the Arctic has been a known fact for awhile now, the source of this mercury was somewhat disputed. The new research shows, though, that airborne mercury from industrial activity elsewhere is the source of most of the mercury now accumulating in the Arctic.
Something that should be realized here is that as the Arctic tundra continues warming, and as the permafrost continues melting, more and more of the mercury that’s accumulating there will be making its way into the Arctic Ocean (which is a comparatively very shallow ocean as compared to the others). As this happens, and as mercury levels in the Arctic Ocean rise, the wildlife and the fisheries of the region are going to be greatly affected.
As it is, and as explained by Professor Daniel Obrist, chairman of UMass Lowell’s Department of Environmental, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: “This mercury from the tundra soil explains half to two-thirds of the total mercury input into the Arctic Ocean.”
This relates to between 50 to 85 tons of mercury flowing into the Arctic Ocean every year from tundra soil.
Commenting on the neurological and cardiovascular problems accompanying mercury exposure, Obrist stated: “Mercury has high exposure levels in northern wildlife, such as beluga whales, polar bears, seals, fish, eagles, and other birds. It also affects human populations, particularly the Inuit, who rely on traditional hunting and fishing.”
As an adjunct to that, I came across some research a while back that explored a possible link between the increasing prevalence of what appear to be developmental disorders (like “autism,” etc.) amongst some whale populations and increasingly levels of heavy metal pollution in the oceans. While the link isn’t definitive (as of now), it shouldn’t be too surprising to find out that increasing mercury pollution in the oceans may be dumbing down large-brained animals such as whales and dolphins.
The press release for the study provides more: “Obrist recently completed two years of field research in the tundra, tracking the origin and path of mercury pollution. Working from an observation site in Alaska north of Brooks Range, he and an international group of scientists identified that gaseous mercury in the atmosphere is the source of 70% of the pollutant that finds its way into the tundra soil. In contrast, airborne mercury that is deposited on the ground through rain or snow — a more frequent focus of other studies — accounts for just 2% of the mercury deposits in the region, Obrist’s team found. The new research is the most comprehensive investigation on how mercury is deposited in the Arctic.”
There’s also an overview of the process whereby mercury accumulates in the Arctic tundra: “The dominant source of mercury pollution in the atmosphere is hundreds of tons of the element that are emitted each year through the burning of coal, mining and other industrial processes across the globe. This gaseous mercury is lofted to the Arctic, where it is absorbed by plants in a process similar to how they take up carbon dioxide. Then, the mercury is deposited in the soil when the plants shed leaves or die. As a result, the tundra is a significant repository for atmospheric mercury being emitted by industrialized regions of the world.”
So, here’s yet another reason why people are mistaken who argue that as the climate continues warming, everyone and everything (agriculture, industry, etc.) can simply move northwards. The Arctic has growing problems of its own — even when one doesn’t take the region’s very poor quality “soils” or extreme seasons into account — and it’s apparent that intensive human inhabitation of the region is unrealistic.
To go over that point one more time: Despite rhetoric and popular fantasies to the contrary, as anthropogenic climate change begins making many parts of the world mostly uninhabitable (the Middle East, North Africa, parts of Southern Europe, the American southwest, etc.), the displaced peoples won’t simply be able to move to Canada, Siberia, and Northern Europe, and carry on as before. The carrying capacities of the regions in question just aren’t high for that to happen. This is without even taking into consideration the growing pollution problems there, the collapsing fisheries, or the fact that resource problems will be bearing down by then as well. Or cultural and social problems, for that matter.
The findings of the new work are detailed in a paper published in the July 13 edition of the journal Nature.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>مطالعات در سطح کارشناسی ارشد شامل مطالعه تخصصی در زمینه تحقیق و یا یک منطقه از عملکرد حرفه ای. سود مدرک کارشناسی ارشد نشان می دهد سطح بالاتری از تسلط بر موضوع. سود مدرک کارشناسی ارشد می تواند در هر نقطه از یک سال به سه یا چه… اطلاعات بیشتر
مطالعات در سطح کارشناسی ارشد شامل مطالعه تخصصی در زمینه تحقیق و یا یک منطقه از عملکرد حرفه ای. سود مدرک کارشناسی ارشد نشان می دهد سطح بالاتری از تسلط بر موضوع. سود مدرک کارشناسی ارشد می تواند در هر نقطه از یک سال به سه یا چهار سال طول می کشد. قبل از اینکه شما می توانید فارغ التحصیل، شما معمولا باید ارسال و دفاع از پایان نامه، مقاله طولانی است که نقطه اوج پژوهش تخصصی خود را.
تحصیل در رشته زیست پزشکی می تواند انتخابی ایده آل برای دانشجویانی باشد که به دنبال شغلی در حوزه بهداشت و سلامت هستند. زیست پزشکی شامل مطالعه آناتومی و فیزیولوژی می گردد و می تواند منجر به اشتغال به مشاغلی مانند بیولوژیست، جراح، پزشک یا سایر مشاغل پزشکی گردد.
بلژیک ارائه می دهد بازار محور آموزش و پرورش در سطح بالاتر است که بر روی مهارت ها و نوآوری است. کشور 'ها موسسات آموزش عالی ارائه های تعاملی در همان زمان تحقیقات گرا آموزش و پرورش دانشگاه قبل از پیوستن به بازار کار.
چند فرصت تحصیل در این شهر در دسترس هستند. یکی از قدیمی ترین دانشگاه ها در منطقه، دانشگاه کاتولیک، و همچنین به عنوان موسسه عالی فلسفه موجود در لون.
1نتایج درعلوم زیست پزشکی, لوون
علوم زیست پزشکی طی دهه های گذشته تحولات چشمگیری را تجربه کرده اند ، و آزمایشگاه های KU Leuven و بیمارستان دانشگاه Gasthuisberg تحویل کارهای برتر در زمینه مدیریت بیماری ، پیشگی ... +<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Because PTSD is usually a delayed responses to events over which you had no control, it is nearly impossible to reduce your risk. However, you can reduce your risk for negative psychological consequences after experiencing trauma with a variety of lifestyle and psychiatric techniques.
- Seek out mental health counseling.
- Join a support group.
- Keep in touch with family and friends.
- Relocate to a safer neighborhood, if necessary.
- Join an alcohol or drug treatment program.
- Begin a regular exercise program.
- Get involved with your community.
Seek Mental Health Counseling
When you are dealing with the aftermath of a traumatic experience, counseling can help you to understand and deal with these feelings. Dealing with these feelings may help reduce the chances that you'll develop PTSD. There is a variety of styles of counseling available. Talk with your doctor about the best one for you.
Join a Support Group
Many communities have support groups for survivors of trauma. Groups can provide emotional support and understanding to help you cope with your feelings. It may feel awkward to meet new people and talk about yourself, but with regular attendance most people eventually feel more trusting and open.
Keep in Touch With Family and Friends
Work at improving your relationships with your partner or spouse, family, and friends. The mutual support will aid in your healing. You will feel more “normal” as you increase your social support.
For more information on increasing your social support, click here .
Relocate to a Safer Neighborhood
After surviving a trauma, you are likely to feel that the world is a dangerous place and that your chances of being harmed are high. If you live in a high-crime area, your beliefs and fears will be even worse. If possible, move to a quieter and safer neighborhood.
Join an Alcohol or Drug Treatment Program
Many survivors of trauma use alcohol or drugs to help them deal with or forget their feelings about the trauma. While this may seem to have some benefits in the short-term, it always makes things worse in the long-term. If you are using alcohol or drugs to cope with trauma, get help so that you can stop. A treatment program or group program is often the most effective way to stop using alcohol or drugs. Ask your doctor for referrals for treatment.
Begin a Regular Exercise Program
Exercise can provide a healthy outlet for your emotions, distract you from worries and disturbing memories, and help increase your self-esteem and feelings of control. Walking , jogging, swimming , weight lifting , and other forms of exercise can help reduce physical tension. Talk to your doctor before you start an exercise program.
For more information on starting a regular exercise program, click here .
Get Involved With Your Community
Get involved in a community activity such as volunteering, especially if you’re not working. Whether you choose to work with youth programs, the elderly, literacy programs, or hospital services, or to take part in community sports, it’s important to feel that you are making a contribution.
- Reviewer: Michael Woods, MD
- Review Date: 12/2014 -
- Update Date: 12/20/2014 -<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>نصب و راه اندازی بزرگترین جرثقیل دروازه ای کشور در فولادمبارکه
با پایان یافتن عملیات نصب و راه اندازی بزرگترین جرثقیل دروازه ای کشور در انبار روباز ناحیه نورد گرم فولادمبارکه، امکان ذخیره سازی تختال و کلاف در زمینی به مساحت ۷۰۰۰ مترمربع و همچنین فضای سیر قطار و کامیون به منظور بارگیری در زمینی به مساحت ۶۰۰۰ مترمربع فراهم شد.
اصفهان امروز: با پایان یافتن عملیات نصب و راه اندازی بزرگترین جرثقیل دروازه ای کشور در انبار روباز ناحیه نورد گرم فولادمبارکه، امکان ذخیره سازی تختال و کلاف در زمینی به مساحت ۷۰۰۰ مترمربع و همچنین فضای سیر قطار و کامیون به منظور بارگیری در زمینی به مساحت ۶۰۰۰ مترمربع فراهم شد.
مدیر اجرای پروژه های جنبی و پشتیبانی فولاد مبارکه ضمن تأیید این خبر گفت: عملیات ساخت، نصب و راه اندازی این جرثقیل با توجه به سیاست های فولادمبارکه در راستای توسعه صادرات و رفع مشکلات و محدودیت ها درزمینه بارگیری ریلی محصولات انجام شد.
حمید شجاعی با بیان اینکه از جرثقیل دروازه ای جهت جابه جایی مواد در محل های روباز و مکان هایی استفاده می شود که امکان جابه جایی در امتداد ریل حرکت طولی میسر است گفت: بیشترین کاربرد این نوع جرثقیل ها در کارخانه ها و بنادر ساحلی و خشک است.
وی در خصوص فرایند عملیات ساخت و نصب این جرثقیل اظهار داشت: پس از طرح مشکل و ارجاع آن به مهندسی کارخانه و مطالعه طرح، پیشنهاد ساخت چنین جرثقیلی داده شد و با همکاری واحد خرید در دستور کار قرار گرفت.
در همین زمینه مجید نصیری، رئیس اجرای پروژه های ایمنی، اطفای حریق و محیط زیست فولاد مبارکه نیز دراین باره اظهار داشت: طول کلی پل جرثقیل دروازه ای نصب شده در سایت انبار روباز ناحیه نورد گرم ۸۱ متر، دهانه یا همان فاصله بین دو ستون 35.5 متر و کنسول یا قابلیت باربرداری و بارگیری خارج از ستون نیز در هر طرف ۱۵ متر است که با احتساب مسیر حرکت طولی ۲۰۰ متری کنونی، فضای انبارشی معادل ۱۳۰۰۰ مترمربع را تا ارتفاع ۱۰ متری ایجاد کرده است و این فضا در آینده و با ادامه یافتن ریل های طولی قابلیت افزایش دارد.
مهدی خسرویان کارشناس اجرای پروژه نصب جرثقیل نیز در همین زمینه افزود: ظرفیت این جرثقیل ۴۱ تن در زیر قلاب است و قابلیت بلند کردن بار با سرعت ۳۰ متربردقیقه، حرکت عرضی ۱۰۰ متربردقیقه و حرکت طولی ۸۰ متربردقیقه را داراست. اپراتور جرثقیل در کابین ویژه که به ترولی متصل است کار هدایت جرثقیل را بر عهده دارد. وزن کلی این جرثقیل غول پیکر در حدود ۵۰۰ تن است و قلاب آن به گونه ای طراحی شده که امکان جابه جایی کانتینر، اسلب های فولادی و کویل ورق را دارا باشد؛ این در حالی است که با توجه به سرعت های حرکتی بسیار بالا، این جرثقیل از سیستم مکانیکی ضدپاندولی نیز بهره می برد.
وی خاطرنشان کرد: عملیات زیرسازی شامل ۳۶۰۰ مترمکعب خاک برداری و ۳۰۰۰ مترمکعب بتن ریزی مسلح با مقاومت فشاری ۲۱۰ کیلوگرم بر سانتیمترمربع به طور همزمان با حمل قطعات جرثقیل به فولاد مبارکه صورت گرفت.
خسرویان با اشاره به این مطلب که برق مصرفی این جرثقیل توسط انشعابی با توان تأمین شده است، ادامه داد: جرثقیل نصب شده جزو به روزترین و مدرن ترین جرثقیل های دروازه ای دنیا و بزرگ ترین جرثقیل دروازه ای در ایران است.
کارشناس اجرای پروژه نصب جرثقیل با تأکید بر اینکه این جرثقیل با همکاری و مشارکت شرکت های طرف قرارداد و شرکت فولاد کرین ایران ساخته شده است، افزود: تمامی فرایندهای زیرسازی، فوندانسیون، ریل گذاری، مونتاژ، نصب، تست و راه اندازی جرثقیل در کمتر از شش ماه و به دست متخصصان توانمند داخلی صورت گرفت و هم اکنون آماده بهره برداری است.
وی تأکید کرد: با راه اندازی این پروژه شاهد افزایش سرعت، ایمنی و کیفیت بارگیری و همچنین کاهش هزینه تمام شده محصول به دلیل کاهش هزینه های حمل ونقل خواهیم بود. ضمن اینکه پس از اجرای پروژه ریل گذاری قطار در طرفین این جرثقیل، شاهد حجم بیشتر بارگیری و حمل ونقل ریلی خواهیم بود.
این کارشناس اجرای پروژه نصب جرثقیل در ادامه از زحمات تمامی واحدهای مرتبط ازجمله واحد بازرسی جرثقیل ها، خرید، نورد گرم، توزیع برق، مهندسی کارخانه، حمل ونقل و کنترل مواد، شرکت فولاد کرین، نظارت فنی مهندسی فولاد مبارکه و همچنین از حمایت های مدیریت اجرای پروژه های جنبی و پشتیبانی که در راستای اجرای این پروژه همکاری داشتند، قدردانی کرد.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>CAMERA OBSCURA, an optical apparatus consisting of a darkened chamber (for which its name is the Latin rendering) at the top of which is placed a box or lantern containing a convex lens and sloping mirror, or a prism combining the lens and mirror. If we hold a common reading lens (a magnifying lens) in front of a lamp or some other bright object and at some distance from it, and if we hold a sheet of paper vertically at a suitable distance behind the lens, we see depicted on the paper an image of the lamp. This image is inverted and perverted. If now we place a plane mirror (e.g. a lady's hand glass) behind the lens and inclined at an angle of 45° to the horizon so as to reflect Mirror the rays of light vertically downwards, we can produce >» on a horizontal sheet of Image with Mirror paper an unperverted image FIG. I.
of the bright object (fig. 1), i.e. the image has the same appearance as the object and is not perverted as when the reflection of a printed page is viewed in a mirror. This is the principle of the <<< FIG. I.
Eye ,lac.. a 5 b d Object s/ ist Image FIG. 2.
2nd Image Object Mirror Image without Lens camera obscura, which was extensively used in sketching from nature before the introduction of photography, although it is now scarcely to be seen except as an interesting side-show at places of popular resort. The image formed on the paper may be traced out by a pencil, and it will be noticed that in this case the image is real - not virtual as in the case of the camera lucida. Generally the mirror and lens are combined into a single piece of worked glass represented in section in fig. 2.
Rays from external objects are first refracted at the convex surface a b, then totally reflected at the plane surface a c, and finally refracted at the concave surface b c (fig. 2) so as to form an image on the sheet of paper d e. The curved surfaces take the place of fl e the lens in fig. i, and the plane surface performs the function of the mirror. The prism FIG. 2. a b c is fixed at the top of a small tent furnished with opaque curtains so as to prevent the diffused daylight from overpowering the image on the paper, and in the darkened tent the images of external objects are seen very distinctly.
Quite recently, the camera obscura has come into use with submarine vessels, the periscope being simply a camera obscura under a new name. (C. J. J.) History. - The invention of this instrument has generally been ascribed, as in the ninth edition of this work, to the famous Neapolitan savant of the 16th century, Giovanni Battista della Porta, but as a matter of fact the principle of the simple camera obscura, or darkened chamber with a small aperture in a window or shutter, was well known and in practical use for observing eclipses long before his time. He was anticipated in the improvements he claimed to have made in it, and all he seems really to have done was to popularize it. The increasing importance of the camera obscura as a photographic instrument makes it desirable to bring together what is known of its early history, which is far more extensive than is usually recognized. In southern climes, where during the summer heat it is usual to close the
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خاک بریتانیا را ترک می کنند.
دومینیک راب، وزیر امور خارجه بریتانیا، با ابراز تاسف از تصمیم سفارت آمریکا در لندن، خواهان تجدید نظر در آن شده است. این در حالیست که وزارت امور خارجه آمریکا با ابراز تاسف عمیق از فوت نوجوان بریتانیایی، گفته است که تصمیم درباره مصونیت قضایی دیپلمات ها در سطوح ارشد گرفته می شود. در بیانیه صادر شده همچنین آمده است: "مصونیت به ندرت لغو میشود."مقامات آمریکایی گفته اند که به دلایل امنیتی و برای حفظ "حریم خصوصی"، هویت این دیپلمات و همسرش را اعلام نمی کنند.
شارلوت چارلز، مادر هری داون، در مصاحبه با بی بی سی از زن آمریکایی خواسته است که "به عنوان یک مادر" به بریتانیا برگردد و به سوالات پولیس پاسخ بدهد.
خانم چارلز گفت: "ما درک نمی کنیم که او چطور می تواند به همین راحتی سوار هواپیما بشود و خانواده ما را خورد شده رها کند."<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Have you thought about the fire that you light? Is it you who make the trees that fuel it grow or are We the Grower? We have made it to be a reminder and a comfort for travellers in the wild. So glorify the name of your Lord, the Magnificent! (Surat al-Waqi ‘a, 71-74)
One of the chemical substances mainly responsible for the structure of wood is “lignocellulose.” This substance is a compound of the materials known as “lignin” and “cellulose” that give wood its hardness. In terms of chemicalstructure, wood is made up of 50% cellulose, 25% hemicelluloses and 25% lignin.1 An analysis of these substances’ chemical formulae reveals three vital elements: hydrogen, oxygen and carbon.
Hydrogen, oxygen and carbon are the building blocks of millions of substances in nature. But as a miracle from Allah, these three also combine to give rise to the substance “lignocellulose” found in plants. Although scientists know that they contain these substances they are unable to reproduce this special material in plants. Although these elements found in large amounts in nature can easily be obtained, scientists have been unable to obtain a single piece of wood by artificial means, despite having countless examples before them. Yet all the trees we see around us have been ceaselessly producing this compound for millions of years by combining oxygen, carbon, water and sunlight.
One of the compounds in lignocellulose is water, expressed by the formula H2O. The fact that wood is one of the most flammable materials despite containing a large amount of water is a most special state of affairs. The above verse is very wise in noting that wood cannot be made by human beings, by fire. Thanks to these compounds and the water it contains, wood is one of the most important fuels of fire.
Trees are an important sphere of scientific research, and inspire scientists, who are still struggling to grasp all the details in their creation, in a number of areas. The complex structures of the cells that constitute trees have still not been fully unraveled, despite advances in technology and intensive research. The Forestry Commission of Great Britain, one of the world’s leading forestry research institutions, says the following under the heading "Lack of Information on the Chemistry and Structure of Wood Fibres":
Despite the knowledge resulting from earlier and ongoing research, there still exists a lack of information on the chemistry and structure of wood fibres. Large variations can be found within a single tree, from the pith to the bark and from the base to the top of a tree. Often the chemistry and structure of a wood cell are extremely heterogeneous and difficult to investigate with conventional techniques.2
A paper in the scientific journal Plant Physiology titled "Our Understanding of How Wood Develops is not Complete" describes the limited knowledge of the subject that scientists possess:
Considering the important role that wood is foreseen to play in the near future, it is surprising to see that our understanding of how wood develops is far from complete. With a few exceptions, very little is known about the cellular, molecular, and developmental processes that underlie wood formation. Xylogenesis represents an example of cell differentiation in an exceptionally complex form. This process is controlled by a wide variety of factors both exogenous (photoperiod and temperature) and endogenous (phytohormones) and by interaction between them. It is driven by the coordinated expression of numerous structural genes (some of known function) involved in cell origination, differentiation, programmed cell death, and heartwood (HW) formation and by virtually unknown regulatory genes orches trating this ordered developmental sequence. The presence of gene families and the extreme plasticity of the metabolism involved (as exemplified by the unusual behavior of plants with transformed cell walls; for review, see Fagard et al., 2000) add a further complexity to our understanding of the process of wood formation.3
The extraordinary creation in wood is emphasized thus in another scientific journal,Annals of Botany:
Wood formation is a highly complicated process involving an unbelievable variety of metabolic steps in the roots, stem and crown of shrubs and trees. At the centre of these processes is cambial activity which results in the release of young woody cells that undergo maturation until autolysis of the protoplast, indicating the final developmental stage. Later on, in various tree species, woody cells become further modified by an additional process called heartwood formation. The properties of wood that make it an appropriate raw material for many purposes are largely determined by the specific architecture of the cell walls. Difficulties in investigating these many developmental stages appear when routine techniques, which work well for soft plant tissues, are applied. Therefore, in most cases, these techniques need modification or the use of completely revised protocols to yield good results for woody tissues.4
These details in the creation of wood remind us, as set out in Surat al-Waqi ‘a, that wood cannot be made by human beings. Just a few of the inimitable features of wood, which cannot be produced artificially, are as follows:
Wood, a Resistant Material
The hard and resistant nature of wood is the result of the cellulose fibers it contains. Because cellulose is hard and insoluble in water. It is this property of cellulose that makes the use of wood in construction so advantageous. Cellulose, described as a “contractible and incomparable substance,” has for centuries been used a great deal more than other materials in keeping wooden buildings standing, other buildings, bridges and many other structures.
Wood consists of parallel columns made up of convex cells laid end to end. These are surrounded by cellulose fibers in spiral form. In addition, these cells are contained in “lignin,” a substance made from a complex, polymer structure resin. These spirally enclosed layers make up 80% of the thickness of the cell wall and are the part bearing the main load. When a wood cell collapses internally it absorbs the shock of a blow by detatching itself from the surrounding cells. Even when such collapses causes a crack along the length of the fiber, the wood remains unharmed. That is why wood is strong enough to bear specific loads even if it is broken.
In terms of absorbing the energy of low-speed blows and reducing the damage therefrom, wood is a most important material. The Second World War plane known as the “Mosquito” was made by compressing wood between strips of fiber board, making it the most damage-resistant plane of its time. The hardness and resistant nature of wood make it a very reliable material. Because wood breaks or cracks slowly enough to be visible from the outside, and that gives people enough time to take the necessary precautions .5
A material based on the structure of wood can be up to 50 times more resistant than other synthetic materials in use today.6 This unique structure of wood is today used in materials developed to protect against the impact of high speed and destructive fragments such as bombs and bullets. But scientists have never been able to replicate a piece of wood with all its many attributes. Every detail in the creation of wood, - the thickness of the internal layers, their level of compression, the number of vessels, their layout and the materials inside it, have been specialy created to result in that resistance.
The Hydraulic System That Raises Water Many Meters against the Force of Gravity
The dead part of wood, the “xylem,” contains hollow channels. These, also known as “wood vessels,” consist of inanimate cells that gradually lose their nuclei and cytoplasms piled one on top of the other. Long, thin wood vessels form when the membranes between the cells dissolve and disappear.
Roots spreading out beneath the soil carry the water and minerals the plant needs upward through these tissues and transmit them as far as the leaves. The way the roots absorb the water in the ground is literally reminiscent of the test bore technique. The roots have no engines to initiate the water absorption process. Neither do they have any technical equipment with which to pump water and minerals for distances of up to several meters. But the roots absorb the water in the depths of the soil by spreading over a very wide area.
This lifting process that the plant performs so flawlessly is in fact an exceedingly complex one. Yet this system has still not yet been fully understood, even in these days of high technology and space travel. The present of a “hydraulic system: in plants was determined some two centuries ago. But we still do not know how this action in defiance of the force of gravity takes place. The superior technology squeezed into such a confined space is just one of the examples demonstrating the incomparable knowledge of our Lord the creator of the system. Like everything in the universe, Almighty Allah created the transportation system in trees.
As seen in the picture to the left, wood consists of tube or straw-shaped cells. By combining one on top of the other, these cells, which make up the roots and trunks of plants, serve as channels that carry water and minerals right through the plant. This tisue, known as “xylem,” also constitutes a powerful structure that enables the plant to remain upright. To the right can be seen a slice of dry wood in cross-section. When dried out, the tube-like channels become hollow, as shown in the illustration.
Roots Capable of Selecting Minerals from the Soil:
Plants draw all the mineral nutrients they need, such as potassium, phosphorus, calcium, magnesium and sulfur, from the soil. Since the substances are not found seprately in the soil, they absorb them as ions (positive/negatively charged atoms). Of all the many inorganic ions in dissolved state in the soil, plants absorb only the 14 they need.
The iron concentration inside plant cells is 1,000 times greater than that in the soil outside.8 Under normal condition, an exchange of matter from a high density region to a lower density one will take place. But exactly the opposite happens in plant roots, and the ions in the soil are easily able to pass into the root cells.9
Because of this state of affairs that operates contrary to the pressure system, the plant uses a high level of energy in the pumping process. In addition, in the plant roots’ taking up ions from the soil, there needs to be an identification system that attracts only the wanted ions and repels the unwanted ones. This shows that the ion pumps in the root cells are no ordinary pumps, but possess the ability to select between ions. Bearing in mind that the cell in the plant roots are made up of atoms devoid of any intelligence or consciousness, one can better see what an extraordinary process ion selection truly is.
Photosynthesis: The Superior Technology in a Miniature Factory
It is not only the wood and root parts of trees that cannot be obtained by artificial means, but also the leaves. Most important of the features that make leaves inimitable is their ability to make photosynthesis. Photosynthesis, one of the systems that scientists still do not fully understand, may be summarized as plants manufacturing their own nutrients. Thanks to the structure in plant cells that makes them able to make direct use of solar energy, they store solar energy, at the end of various complex processes, in the form of energy that can be used by human beings and animals. In addition, the photosynthetic energy stored in trees is also given off during burning. For example, the energy emitted by wood burned to heat a house is actually energy from the Sun stored during the formation of wood.10
The photosynthesis system, which operates like a miniature factory, takes place in an organelle known as the “chloroplast” inside the plant cell that gives the plant its green color. Chloroplasts are just one-thousandth of a millimeter in size, for which reason they can only be seen under the microscope. When solar energy falls on the leaf they transmit it to the layers inside it. Chlorophyls inside the choloplasts in the leaf cells convert this light energy into chemical energy. The plant obtaining this chemical energy immediately uses it in obtaining nutrients. It took scientists until the mid-20th century to obtain this information summarized in just a few lines here. Pages of chain reactions are written to describe the whole process of photosynthesis. But some links in the chain are still unknown. Yet plants have been performing these processes uninterruptedly for hundreds of millions of years, thus providing the Earth with food and oxygen.
The fact that not a single cell constituting wood can be made by artificial means, and human beings’ helplessness in the face of dead wood cells, shows the presece of a sublime Creator. The properties of wood, about which many volumes could be written, their countless aspects that so inspire scientists, all reveal the sublime knowledge and intellect behind the creation of wood. This intelligence and knowledge manifested in wood belongs to Almighty Allah, the Creator and sole Lord of all things.
http://www.forestpathology.org/wood.html; Wood Chemistry and Anatomy, 2005.
2 http://www.forestresearch.gov.uk/fr/INFD-6FMCUS; The Research Agency of the Forestry Commission, 2007.
3 Christophe Plomion, Gregoire Leprovost, Alexia Stokes, "Wood Formation in Trees", Plant Physiology, December 2001, Vol. 127, pp. 1513–1523.
4 Uwe Schmitt, "Chaffey, N.J. ed. Wood formation in trees—cell and molecular biology techniques", Annals of Botany, 2002, Vol. 90, no. 4, pp. 545-546.
5 Julian Vincent, "Tricks of Nature", New Scientist, 17 August 1996, Vol. 151, no. 2043, p. 39.
6 Julian Vincent, "Tricks of Nature", New Scientist, 17 August 1996, Vol. 151, no. 2043, p. 40.
8 Malcolm Wilkins, Plantwatching, Facts on File Publications, New York, 1988, p. 119.
9 William K. Purves, Gordon H. Orions, H. Craig Heller, Life, The Science of Biology, 4th edition, W.H. Freeman and Company, p. 724.
10 http://www.montana.edu/wwwpb/pubs/mt8405.html; Michael Vogel, "Heating with Wood: Principles of Combustion", 2003.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>بیست و دومین نشست شورای سران کشورهای عضو سازمان همکاری شانگهای ۱۶ سپتمابر (۲۵ شهریور) در سمرقند ازبکستان برگزار شد.
رهبران عضو سازمان همکاری شانگهای «بیانیه سمرقند شورای سران کشورهای عضو سازمان همکاری شانگهای» را منتشر کردند. در این نشست بخشی از بیانیهها و اسناد مربوط به حفاظت از امنیت غذایی جهان، امنیت انرژی جهان، مقابله با تغییرات اقلیمی و دفاع از امنیت، ثبات و تنوع زنجیره تامین نیز منتشر شد، یادداشت تفاهم نامه پیوستن ایران به سازمان همکاری شانگهای به امضا رسید، روند پذیرش بلاروس به عنوان کشور عضو آغاز شد و مصر، عربستان سعودی، قطر، بحرین، مالدیو، امارات متحده، کویت و میانمار به عنوان شرکای جدید گفتگو انتخاب به تصویب رسید و مجموعه ای از قطعنامه ها از جمله برنامه های پنج سال آینده معاهده حسن همجواری، دوستی و همکاری بلندمدت کشورهای عضو به تصویب رسید.
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- /<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Drones and their data processing software continue to evolve. As they do, we discover new ways to collect and process data. As the storyteller for GeoNadir, I’ve had the opportunity to talk to lots of amazing people who work with drones. This week, I spoke to Dr Jeff Gillan from the University of Arizona. He’s a scientist who has spent much of his career exploring the applications of evolving drone technologies in rangeland management.
And although some things still need field work, he’s found drones can offer a world of new perspectives.
The rangelands of the USA
Any area where native vegetation is predominantly grass, shrubs, or other plants suitable for grazing use is considered rangeland. Rangeland systems cover over 30% of the total land area in the USA. Unsurprisingly, the value of these ecosystems for grazing means they have often been used to feed livestock like cattle. But the long-term impact of mismanaged grazing has caused considerable damage to these ecosystems.
Maintaining the economic value of the rangelands while supporting their recovery from degradation is no mean feat. To help the rangelands recover, we have to find better ways to manage grazing. But to do that we have to know what is and isn’t working in the first place. And that means figuring out how to monitor this massive system.
Jeff’s work has been dedicated to figuring out how drones can help tackle this mammoth task.
Getting a grasp on 770 million acres of rangeland management
When Jeff first joined the US Department of Agriculture in 2011, it was just beginning to explore the value of aerial imagery. How could it support rangeland management?
“All these explorations were about: ‘Can we measure vegetation and soil characteristics on rangelands in a way that is typically done through field measurements?’ And what kind of advantages could we get from doing it in the air?” Jeff said.
It’s always challenging to collect enough data in the field for monitoring, especially over large areas. Field work is time-consuming, can take a lot of manpower and usually only measures a tiny fraction of an area of interest. It becomes even trickier when landscapes vary a lot, like rangelands often do. How do you make sure that the areas you’ve measured actually represent what’s happening in the wider landscape?
Jeff and his colleagues found that drones could easily collect data that was traditionally collected in the field. Plus, drones collected data on a larger scale than field work.
“We went through all these different vegetation characteristics typically done from field measurements and demonstrated that we could do them from the air,” he said.
“We can measure in three dimensions, we can measure the heights of shrubs, we can measure the heights of grass, we can measure soil erosion, we can measure forage utilization, canopy gaps, you name it…”
A comparison of two time-series
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تضاد را غیرممکن می دانند. این نوآوری ها دارای خواص زیر اند:
ü از نظر آماری 45% کل ابداعات را شامل می شود.
ü اختراعات ثبت شده با انجام صدها راه حل و سعی و خطا گزینش شده اند.
ü برای رسیدن به آن به دانش یک تیم در یک حوزه تخصصی نیاز است.
ü در این سطح، ماده یا قطعه یا روش تغییر می کند اما ماهیت حفظ می شود.
ü در این سطح برای رسیدن به راه حل، یک تضاد تکنیکی رفع می شود.
چند مثال:
ü فرمان قابل تنظیم ماشین برای راحتی راننده.
ü ساخت تلفن یک قطعه ای(گوشی و شاسی بهم چسبیده باشند) .
ü ترجمه یک کتاب از زبانی دیگر.
سطح3. اختراعی که نتیجه برطرف کردن یک تضاد فیزیکی است.
مانند نوآوری سطح دوم، در این سطح نیز تضاد رخ می دهد اما تضاد ذاتی یا فیزیکی یعنی همزمان در سیستم دو ویژگی متضاد مورد نظر باشند مثلا بخواهیم همزمان جسمی سرد و گرم باشد. (در ادامه به شرح مفصل این مطالب خواهیم پرداخت.) رفع این گونه تضادها منجر به نوآوری در این سطح می شود. اهم خواص این نوع از نوآوری ها چنین اند:
ü از نظر آماری 18% کل ابداعات را شامل می شود.
ü اختراعات ثبت شده با انجام هزاران راه حل و سعی و خطا گزینش شده اند.
ü به اطلاعات موجود در چندین حوزه تخصصی نیاز است و یک جهش در صنعت به حساب می آید.
ü در این سطح، ماده ضرورتا تغییر می کند.
ü در این سطح برای رسیدن به راه حل، یک تضاد فیزیکی (ویژگی های ذاتی) رفع می شود.
چند مثال:
ü انتقال قدرت خودرو با سیستم خودکار.
ü نصب کلاچ بر روی اره برقی.
ü از ترجمه چندین کتاب، یک کتاب را نوشتن.
سطح4.در این سطح یک فناوری (تکنولوژی) جدید ایجاد می شود که در بردارنده راه حلی اساسی است.
اگررفع یک تضاد فنی یا فیزیکی به تنهایی نتواند از پس مسئله برآید وناچارباشیم از طریق جابجایی مرزهای علوم یا تکنولوژی هایی جدید دست به ابداع بزنیم، آنگاه نوآوری سطح چهارم رخ خواهد داد. این نوآوری یک راه حل اساسی است و دریچه ای جدید به علم باز می کند. اهم ویژگی های این سطح عبارتند از:
ü از نظر آماری 4% کل ابداعات را شامل می شود.
ü اختراعات ثبت شده با انجام ده ها هزار راه حل سعی و خطا گزینش شده اند.
ü به دانش در ماورای صنعت نیاز است.
ü بعد از ابداع یک فناوری جدید خلق می شود که نشان دهنده یک راه حل اساسی است.
ü در این سطح، ماده کاملا تغییر می کند.
ü در این سطح تضاد ها (فیزیکی و تکنیکی) کاملارفع می شود.
چند مثال:
ü استفاده ار حافظه گرمایی فلزات در تولید دسته کلید.
ü استفاده از امواج فرا صوت برای تمیز کردن سطوح کثیف با استفاده از حفره سازی.
ü نوشتن یک کتاب با استفاده از ترجمه، گردآوری و تالیف چندین فصل.
سطح5. کشف یک پدیده نو.
در هر عصری مسائلی ظهور می کنند که به ندرت روش های مرسوم و تکنولوژی های موجود می توانند به حل آن کمک کنند. سوابق نشان می دهد که از طریق نگاه جامع به تمام عرصه های دانش و یا کشف مستقل یک دانش جدید می توان به جواب مسئله دست یافت. این نوع نوآوری یک انقلاب به شمار می رود و تعداد آنها بسیار نادر است. اهم ویژگی های این سطح از نوآوری را می توان چنین برشمرد:
ü از نظر آماری کمتر از 1% کل ابداعات را شامل می شود.
ü اختراعات ثبت شده با انجام صدها هزار سعی و خطا گزینش شده اند.
ü به تمام محدوده دانش بشر و خارج از آن نیاز است.
ü یک کشف جدید صورت می گیرد.
ü منجر به ایجاد صنایع جدید می شود.
چند مثال:
ü لیزر در دهه 60 میلادی.
ü ترانزیستور و کمک به ساخت ریز پردازنده در صنعت رایانه.
ü تالیف یک کتاب که سراسر زاییده فکر نویسنده باشد.
حال
برای فهم بهتر و نگاه مقایسه ای جامع و فراگیر به سطوح نوآوری، به بیان چند نمونه تصویری
از سطح پنجگانه نوآوری در مورد یک سیستم
خاص می پردازیم؛ اگر دقت کنید، این تصاویر
به نوعی مراحل تکامل فناوری در هر سیستم را نیز نشان می دهند.
سطوح نوآوری سیستم "گوشی تلفن"
سطوح نوآوری سیستم "شیرآب"
دقت کنید که با بحث و بررسی بیشتر، می توان خواص سطوح پنجگانه سیستم های بالا را یافت؛ مثلا اگر گرافیت را به هر نحو ابزاری ابتدایی برای نوشتن درنظر بگیریم، مداد جمع و جورتر، با قابلیت حمل آسان و با صرفه تر می باشد لذا تضادهای تکنیکی زیادی برای ابداع آن حل شده اند. یک روان نویس نسبت به مداد دارای این خاصیت اضافه است که می تواند بارها پر و خالی شود و لذا حداقل یک تضاد فیزیکی برای ابداع آن حل شده است (هم پر و هم خالی است اما در زمان های متفاوت). دستگاه چاپگر دارای فناوری هایی است که می تواند تمام علاوه بر نوشتن و پر و خالی شدن مکرر به خلق اثار متعددی بپردازد که با مداد غیرممکن یا به صرفه نیست و در آخر قلم دیجیتالی یک انقلاب در اسکن و ذخیره سازی متون در کمترین زمان است.
نکته دیگر که بعدا در قوانین تکامل به تشریح آن می پردازیم، اینست که در تکامل سیستم های هرکدام نسلی را نشان داده شده است که دارای ویژگی های قابل مقایسه و قابل بررسی در یک طبقه هستند و ما هم در درج تصاویر بالا به این مورد توجه کرده ایم.
گنریش آلتشولر از پژوهش های خود چنین نتیجه گرفت که بسیاری از اختراعات (77%) تنها از نوع دو سطح 1 و2 هستند. به کارگیری متدولوژی TRIZمی تواند به مخترعین کمک کند تا با توجه به وضعیت کنونی خود به اختراعاتی در سطوح 3 و 4 بپردازند.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>تسنیم گزارش میدهد
«مسکن امید» بلاتکلیف روی زمین
خبرگزاری تسنیم: با وجود گذشت ۲ ماه از اعلام اجرای طرح مسکن امید از سوی وزارت تعاون، کار و رفاه اجتماعی، هنوز اقدامات عملیاتی بعدی این طرح اعلام نشده و طرح بلاتکلیف روی زمین مانده است.
به گزارش خبرنگار اقتصادی خبرگزاری تسنیم، هنوز سیاستهای دولت برای مسکن دهکهای پایین جامعه مشخص نیست. این جمله ای است که مهرداد بائوج لاهوتی، عضو کمیسیون عمران مجلس شورای اسلامی بیان کرده است.
در حالی که کارگران نیز جز دهک های پایین جامعه هستند این مسئله نشان میدهد، طرحی که وزارت تعاون،کار و رفاه اجتماعی موسوم به «مسکن امید» همزمان با روز کارگر اعلام کرده بود هنوز در حد طرح باقی مانده است و صرفا به اطلاع رسانی خلاصه شده است.
قرار بود دولت طرحی را با عنوان "مسکن امید" بررسی کند که در صورت عملیاتی شدن 3 تا 6 میلیون کارگر بیمه شده و همچنین بازنشسته فاقد مسکن می توانستند در یک دوره 5 ساله خانه دار شوند. در حالی که مقامات دولتی معتقد بودند این طرح اجرایی تر از مسکن مهر برای تامین مسکن کارگران خواهد بود اما شواهد حاکی از این است که تا کنون هیچ اقدام عملیاتی از سوی وزارت تعاون، کار و رفاه اجتماعی به عنوان متولی اصلی این طرح صورت نگرفته است و صرفاً تمام اقدامات به خبررسانی پیرامون انعقاد قراردادی ما بین وزارت تعاون،کار و رفاه اجتماعی و وزارت راه خلاصه شده است.
علی ربیعی پیش از این درباره جزئیات این طرح گفته بود: رئیس جمهور تاکید ویژه ای بر مسکن کارگری و مستمری بگیری دارند، در این زمینه تفاهم نامه ای بین وزارت تعاون، کار و رفاه اجتماعی و وزارت مسکن و شهرسازی امضا شده است.
وزیر تعاون، کار و رفاه اجتماعی تصریح کرده بود: براساس برنامه ریزی انجام شده، تا سه سال آینده 10 هزار میلیارد ریال از اعتبارات وزارتخانه برای مسکن کارگری و مستمری بگیران تخصیص می یابد و رایزنی برای جلب منابع بانکی و آورده کارگران نیز در دست انجام است.
به گزارش تسنیم، آنطور که وزارت کار اعلام کرده بود، برای اجرای این طرح در حالت کلان مقرر شده بود که وزارت تعاون،کار و رفاه اجتماعی با همکاری شرکت خانه سازی ایران مقدمات اجرای این طرح را با اولویت ساخت در شهرهای صنعتی بزرگ دنبال کند.
دولت یازدهم با وجود تاکید فراوان بر اهمیت طرح مسکن مهر از سوی کارشناسان این حوزه، اما در همان ابتدای شروع به کارش دستور توقف ادامه پروژههای جدید این طرح را صادر و اعلام کرد که برنامههای دیگری از مسکن اجتماعی و حمایتی را جایگزین طرح مهر خواهد کرد.
وعده وزارت راه و شهرسازی برای اجرای دو طرح مذکور هنوز رنگ واقعیت به خود نگرفته است در کنار این وعده های اجرایی نشده، طرح مسکن امید نیز همچنان بر زمین باقی مانده است.
با وجود گذشت حدود 2ماه از اطلاع رسانی درباره مسکن امید، این موضوع را از نمایندگان کارگران پیگیری کردیم گویا پس از آن اطلاع رسانی دیگر اقدامی در این زمینه نبوده است و حتی نمایندگان کارگران تاکید کردند این بحث نه در جلسه شورای عالی کار و نه در جلسات سه جانبه گرایی ملی نیز بررسی نشده است.
انتهای پیام/<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>What does Rosina mean?
Rosina /rosi-na/ [3 sylls.] as a girls' name is of Latin and Old German origin, and the meaning of Rosina is "rose; gentle horse". Rosina is a version of Rosa (Latin): popular flower name for girls. Rosina is also a form of Rosalind (Old German). Rosina is also used as a variant of Rose (Latin).
Rosina▼ has 39 more related forms via Rosa, Rosalind, Rose: Rasia, Rasine, Rasja, Rasya, Rhodia, Ros, Rosal, Rosalia▼, Rosalin, Rosalina, Rosalinda▼, Rosaline, Rosalinn, Rosaura, Roselia, Roselin, Roselina, Roselind, Roselinda, Roseline, Roselinn, Rosella▼, Rosenah, Rosene, Roser, Rosetta▼, Rosey, Rosie▼, Rosine, Rosio, Rosita▼, Roslyn▼, Roslynn, Rosy, Roza, Rozene, Rozsa, Rozsi and Rozsika.Kreatif forms: Romsina, Rosiney. [more]
How popular is Rosina?
Rosina is a very prominent first name for women (#1475 out of 4276, Top 34%) and a slightly less prominent surname for all people (#125639 out of 150436, Top 84%). (2000 U.S. Census)
Shown below is the birth name popularity of Rosina for girls. Rosina reached its apex position of #559 in the U.S. then, but is not in the list at the moment. (Top 1000 Baby Names Statistics, 2014)
Below is a graphed analysis of the usage of Rosina and associated names. Rose (#194 in 2014), Rosa (#608), Rosie (#844), Rosita, Roslyn, Rosy, Rosetta, Rosella, Rosalinda, Rosalind, Rosaline, Rosaura, Rosalia and Rosalina are the prominent varying forms of Rosina. Variants like Roslynn are seldom used. Usage of these girl names reached its apex during 1930-1939 (usage of 0.3785%) and has become much lower since (usage 0.0903%, down 76.1%), with forms like Rosa, Rosalinda, Rosalind, Rosalia and Rosella falling out of fashion. (Top 1000 Baby Names Statistics, 2014)
Rosina▼ is pronounced similarly to Rosana, Rosanna▼ and Rossana. Other recommended similar baby names are Josina, Regina▼, Rexina, Robina, Rodina, Romina, Roshana, Rowina, Roxana▼ and Roxine. These names tend to be less commonly used than Rosina.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>产业化的代理人，以顾客为中心的先进高等教育机构.
威尼斯人vns(vns威尼斯人)是根据议会第1号法案建立的.1997年6月作为坦桑尼亚的高等技术培训机构.
在最近开发和复习的大量课程中，提高教学质量和学习过程的策略尤其生动. 信息通信技术在教学中的应用在新课程中也得到了重视. 除了, 资讯科技署希望在学生完成培训后，为他们提供创业支援服务, 以及类似的放宽劳动力进入和就业保留的措施..
vns威尼斯人的愿景是成为解决社会需求的领先技术教育机构.
提供以能力为基础的技术教育, 通过培训, 研究, 创新和发展合适的技术. 因此，vns威尼斯人致力于作为工业化的代理人, 一所进步的、以顾客为中心的高等教育机构.
vns威尼斯人致力于提供一个学习环境，促进对卓越的专业精神和持久的知识的热情，从而在国家和地区的现实中激发创造力和创新. vns威尼斯人奉行以能力为本的教育和培训方法.
学院正迅速成为学生全面发展的理想高等学府. vns威尼斯人专注于培育学术卓越的成长和灌输科学的重要性, 工程技能和创业精神.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Il presidente della Repubblica "non deve sposare una tesi o un'altra. Ha il dovere di essere neutrale e deve controllare che quel che fa il Parlamento e il governo sia conforme alla Costituzione". Il presidente della Repubblica, Sergio Mattarella, in una intervista allo Houston Chronicle, al termine della sua visita alla Nasa a Houston, Texas, risponde a una domanda sul disegno di legge sulle unioni civli. Il capo dello Stato ai cronisti che gli chiedono di un parere personale risponde: "Non vi posso rispondere perché ogni mio riferimento avrebbe un impatto che minerebbe la mia imparzialità".
"Oggi in Europa l'Italia è il paese con maggiore stabilità per una serie di circostanze esterne e ha una prospettiva legislatura", ha detto il Capo di Stato rispondendo a una domanda sulla situazione del Paese.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>To prevent interruption of service to as many customers as possible, distribution line repairs are often made while lines and equipment remain energized. Whenever work is done on energized equipment, the linemen doing the work must be insulated and isolated from all energized equipment and grounds. This training program discusses the basic principles involved in working on energized lines using insulated gloves. Work methods, communication, concentration, and safety are emphasized throughout the program.
- Describe rubber protective equipment that is used when working on distribution lines, and explain how it is used.
- Describe how to inspect rubber protective gear.
- Describe how to install and remove rubber protective gear in a variety of job situations.
SUBJECTS AND OBJECTIVES
Rubber Protective Gear
- Describe basic rubber protective equipment used when working on overhead distribution lines.
- Describe how rubber protective gear is manufactured, sized, and stored.
Care and Inspection of Rubber Gear
- Describe problems to look for when inspecting protective gear.
- Describe general procedures for inspecting protective gear.
Replacing an In-Line Switch
- Describe how to provide a safe work area for an in-line switch replacement job.
- Describe how to remove and replace an in-line switch using the rubber glove method.
- Describe how to remove the line cover gear after completing a job.
Attaching Conductors to a New Pole
- Demonstrate how to rubber up the work area, frame out the pole, and tie in the phases of a distribution feeder to a new pole that has been set in a line.
Dead-End Insulator Change-Out
- Describe one method of safely changing out a dead-end insulator while working from an insulated platform.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>无限娱乐下载-阿富汗塔利班领导人与美国国务卿磋商启动阿内部谈判
阿富汗塔利班领导人与美国国务卿磋商启动阿内部谈判
新华社多哈8月3日电（记者杨元勇）阿富汗塔利班组织分管政治事务的领导人阿卜杜勒·加尼·巴拉达尔3日与美国国务卿蓬佩奥举行视频会谈，就启动阿富汗内部谈判等事宜进行了磋商。
塔利班驻卡塔尔首都多哈政治办事处发言人苏海勒·沙欣当天在社交媒体上发文说，巴拉达尔同蓬佩奥在视频会谈中讨论了阿富汗局势、释放在押人员、启动阿富汗内部谈判等内容。双方强调，释放所有在押人员是启动阿富汗内部谈判必须进行的事项。
阿富汗政府与塔利班交换在押人员是美国与塔利班今年2月底达成的和平协议内容之一。根据协议内容，阿富汗政府下令释放5000名塔利班在押人员，塔利班则保证释放1000名政府在押人员，但双方交换在押人员的进程多次中断。
截至7月底，阿富汗政府已释放约4400名塔利班在押人员，塔利班方面释放了800多名阿富汗安全部队士兵。<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>When it comes to designing images and graphics for anything from computers to movies 3D images
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برای تلفن های موبایل دقیقاً مانند نوعی فیلم آزمایشی (یا نمایش) حواس پرت است که می تواند طرفداران زیادی در بزرگسالان شنا کسب کند.
این پروژه در حال حاضر فقط در چهار فیلم کوتاه وجود دارد که سلیمان و ماتسون با Screen Novelties و “گروهی خارج از پورتلند” ساخته اند. آنها حتی آوازهایی را با بازیگران فوق العاده ستاره ای ضبط کرده بودند ، از جمله جک بلک ، جان سی ریلی ، سیلوستر استالونه ، جان کلیز ، فرد آرمیسن ، هالی هانتر ، بیلی باب تورنتون ، گری شانلدینگ ، ویلیام اچ میسی ، ریچل دراتچ ، کاترین اوهارا ، دیدریش بادر ، دنیس هایزبرت و کریس پرنل. حال ، اگر سلیمان و ماتسون توانستند چند ستاره از آنها را برگردانند ، اتومات یک ضربه معتبر خواهد بود.
The post “Automatons”: اد سلیمان می گوید: کمدی متحرک Stop-Motion از فیلم نامه نویسان “Bill and Ted” ممکن است زندگی جدیدی پیدا کند ، اولین بار در / فیلم ظاهر شد.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>All dogs, whether large or small, are pregnant for about 63 days from the date of conception. However, conception does not necessarily occur at the time of mating.
Female dogs have a heat or estrous cycle twice a year. In the wild, wolves usually have only one cycle per year but domestication over thousands of years has brought about two cycles for modern dogs in most cases. (A few breeds still have only one cycle per year.)
There are four stages to this heat cycle:
- Proestrous -- the female dog, or bitch, has bloody vaginal discharge and males are attracted but the female is unwilling to mate. No conception can occur during this period. This period may last from about 4 to 20 days.
- Estrous -- the female dog has a swollen vulva, there is a clear or yellowish vaginal discharge, and mating can occur during this stage. This period may last from 5 to 13 days. Conception is possible during this time and female dogs are very willing to mate. They will stand and “flag,” meaning that they will back up to the male and hold their tail to the side.*
- Metestrous or Diestrous -- this is the period after estrous or mating. This period will last between 60 and 90 days. If the female dog is pregnant this period lasts about 63 days.
- Anestrous -- This is the period of sexual and hormonal down time between estrous phases when the female dog’s body prepares for the next estrous phase.
During estrous, when the female dog is willing to mate, if mating occurs, the female dog’s eggs may not be quite ready to be fertilized. The sperm of the male dog can live up to seven days after mating. This means that fertilization and conception can actually occur up to seven days after mating.
Your vet can pinpoint the time of conception and fertilization by doing regular progesterone tests on your female dog when she is in the estrous phase. These will measure the amount of luteinizing hormone that her body is releasing. Once her body releases a spike of LH (or luteinizing hormone), then fertilization and conception will occur within 72 hours. If you are hoping to breed your dog and you want to know exactly when to expect the puppies, this can help you know exactly when they will be due later on.
Most pet owners prefer not to go through the trouble of having a female dog in season but if you do want to breed your girl then you should take the precaution of health testing both her and the male dog you have chosen to be the sire. Make sure that they are both genetically healthy dogs so they don’t pass along any health problems to their puppies. All breeds have sets of recommended health tests. You can visit the web site for the Orthopedic Foundation for Animals http://offa.org/ to see what tests are recommended for your breed.
You should also wait to breed any female until she is mature enough, both physically and mentally. This way you will know that she doesn’t have any health problems of her own and she will be able to handle the stress of having a litter.
Before you consider breeding a litter you should also make sure that you will be able to care for the puppies. Newborn puppies are a lot of work, not just for the mother but also for the breeder. You probably won’t get any sleep for the first couple of weeks. There’s also the possibility of complications. Will you be able to care for the puppies round the clock if something should happen to the mother?
The average litter size for all breeds is about six puppies, but some Toy breeds may only have 1-2 pups. Other breeds may have a dozen puppies. You should ask yourself if you will be able to care for 12 puppies when they are six weeks old and running through your house. It’s not easy to clean up poop from 12 puppies several times per day!
Don’t forget that you will also have a responsibility to get the first shots and worming for these puppies. If you have a large litter this can be expensive.
Many people assume that if they have a purebred dog and they breed it to their neighbor’s purebred dog they can make some easy money. That’s not exactly true! After you add up what it costs to care for a litter of puppies for several weeks you will realize that having puppies can be expensive.
You should also keep in mind that you should not sell or place your puppies before they are eight weeks old. Puppies need to learn valuable lessons from their mother about how to act with other dogs, about bite inhibition, and other things that only their mother can teach them. If you remove puppies from their mother too soon they may have behavior problems as adult dogs.
Breeding quality dogs is important and necessary. There are many breeds that would no longer exist without breeders who were committed to keeping them healthy and available to people who love them. But breeding dogs does take work and commitment. Before you breed your dog make sure that you have the time and commitment to do a good job.
*There is a popular misconception that some breeders force female dogs to mate. This seems to come from the use by animal rights fanatics of the term “rape stand” for a breeding stand for mating. A breeding stand is not used to force mating. It is used to help dogs who might otherwise have difficulty reaching each other because of their size differences. These stands may be used by disreputable people, but they can also be used by any breeder who feels that the female dog may need some help to support the weight of the male. Anyone who has ever bred a dog will confirm that normal, healthy female dogs are more than willing to mate when they are in season. There is no “rape” involved. Breeding is a normal, healthy part of life for all dogs unless they are spayed or neutered.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Treatment of multiple sclerosis abroad
Multiple sclerosis is a chronic condition that affects the central nervous system. This incurable disease is considered to be an autoimmune disease.
In most cases this leads to disability as it causes irreversible neurological problems. In recent studies have shown that improvement in the patient’s life quality and expectancy is possible. This is associated with the dynamic development of the healthcare system in the prosperous country.
Causes of multiple sclerosis
Multiple sclerosis is a disease of unknown cause however a genetic background and external negative factors play a key role in the development of this disease.
Risk of the multiple sclerosis is increased by:
- Genetic background (frequency of the number of sufferers in the family is 5%)
- Viral infections (rotavirus, herpes)
- Exposure to toxins and radiation
- Place of residence (living in some geographic zones are a higher risk than others)
- Low level of lithic acid in the blood
- Lack of sunlight
Stress and vaccination against hepatitis B can influence the onset of this disease however, it is yet to be proven as a cause.
Symptoms of multiple sclerosis
It’s impossible to diagnose multiple sclerosis based on the symptoms alone, as they are unspecific. They are similar to other symptoms for many others pathologies of the nervous system. Symptoms can be absent at the early stages of the disease.
First signs of the pathology are:
- Weakness in the legs
- Sensitivity disorders on certain areas of the body
- Lhermitte's symptom means the sensation of electric shock through the spine
- Blurred vision
- Unsteady gait
- Nystagmus (highly frequent rhythmical movements of eye)
A patient can have just one or several symptoms at the same time. Further, other clinical signs can appear:
Paresis mostly affects lower limbs. A sufferer feels weakness and cannot fully perform voluntary movements. Spastic paresis causes the increase of muscle tension. Symptom worsens when the patient is in a vertical position.
Ataxy is determined by the damage to the cerebellum. It is hard for a patient to hold his/her body in a stable position. He can’t balance and experiences titubation. Sometimes patient loses the ability to evaluate the distance and the size of objects. Scanning speech is also a common sign of multiple sclerosis.
Tremor means that the patient’s limbs are shivering and movements are wide. This can spread throughout body.
Reflexes change. Tendon and periosteal reflexes strengthen. There are cross-reflexes on the feet and cremasteric reflex drops. The abdominal reflexes weaken. 30% of patients have primitive oral reflexes if they suffer from multiple sclerosis.
Other clinical signs are:
- Pelvic organs disfunction
- Pain in the limbs, eyes, bladder
- Tonic seizures
- Neurosis-like issues
- Mental health problems arise
Peculiarities of neurologic symptoms of multiple sclerosis are:
- Unstable symptoms. They change every several days or even hours.
- Clinical signs are manifested more so than the organic changes. E.g. there can be signs of optic neuritis while examination didn’t show any changes of the fundus.
- Symptoms worsen under the influence of high temperatures (e.g. deeper paresis when a patient takes a bath or visits a sauna).
Diagnostics of multiple sclerosis
Multiple sclerosis is best diagnosed using an MRI. McDonald criteria is used most often. MRI reveals "dumb" foci of demyelination (without clinical manifestations) to evaluate the development of the disease.
Other research methods include:
- Analysis of the cerebrospinal fluid (detection of antibodies, indicating an autoimmune lesion of the central nervous system)
MRI is conducted in 1-2 months to establish a fact of a progressing pathology and diagnose the multiple sclerosis without further deterioration.
Treatment of multiple sclerosis abroad
Multiple sclerosis is conservatively treated. Thanks to improved healthcare systems, patients who suffer from this illness tend to preserve their work capacity and are able to ensure a better quality of life in recent years. European hospitals, Germany is particular are the best place to undergo treatment to achieve the best possible results.
Main goals of the treatment are:
- Prevention of aggravating symptoms, increased remission period
- Aggravations block
- Reduction of residual neurological effects after acute attack
- Patients’ lifestyle adjustment and their rehabilitation
- Elimination of symptoms
There are many forms of conservative therapy for multiple sclerosis that help achieve good results. New medicines or their combinations are constantly being tested.
Stem cells treatment is also being evaluated nowadays. Specialists use:
- Mesenchymal stem cells
- Neural stem cells
These tests are not yet over, but in some countries patients are already been treated with stem cells therapy. It is said to considerably slow down the development of the illness.
Multiple sclerosis - Prognosis
There are several ways which multiple sclerosis can take its clinical course. Most common variant is the remittent course , which is the case in 85% of patients. It’s been characterised by short acute periods and long remission periods. In most favourable cases the acute attacks last less than 24 hours and first remission lasts several years.
Eventually the patient’s condition worsens gradually. Residual effects can linger after each acute period and then they increase. Remission periods become shorter and shorter. This means a stage of a secondary progression course. It is common for 50% of patients who have been diagnosed with multiple sclerosis 10 years ago. Secondary progression course is experienced by 80% of patients after 25 years from the time of diagnosis.
A less favourable prognosis is characteristic for the primary progression course of multiple sclerosis (15% of patients). In this case symptoms keep growing steadily. Remission periods are either absent or they are very short lived.
Life prognosis is mostly favourable for patients with multiple sclerosis. But progressing neurological disorders lead to disability. This therefore negatively impacts the patient’s earning capacity. Disability usually appears within 5-10 years after the diagnosis.
While the outcome for this illness cannot be guaranteed, due to the peculiarities of its clinical course. It is possible to experience a better quality of life if one is treated with highly advanced medical care. This can be provided in most German hospitals or other countries with high end research and medical approach to such an incurable disease.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Weir Courtney was a large country house outside Lingfield, a village in the county of Surrey, about 40 kilometres south of London.
Weir Courtney stood on a gentle rise surrounded by fields, woods and orchards. It had three floors and 26 rooms and backed onto the Lingfield racecourse. Situated slightly outside the village of Lingfield, the property today is surrounded by fences. It gives the impression of having been a secure and secluded place to house the child survivors.
The house was built as a family residence, probably in the 1880s, but has a history as a place of sanctuary. From 1898 to 1901 it served as temporary accommodation for destitute and elderly clergymen.
In 1930, Weir Courtney was purchased by Sir Benjamin Drage as a weekend and holiday home. On the outbreak of war, the house was home to several evacuees and between 1942 and 1943 it was also used as a war nursery.
The houses still exists. The estate at Weir Courtney has been divided up and there is a new house built in the grounds.
THE WEIR COURTNEY STORY
At the end of the Second World War, Sir Benjamin and his wife leased Weir Courtney rent-free to the Central British Fund as a home for a group of some of the youngest Holocaust survivors arriving in Britain.
The hostel was financed by the West London synagogue and initially also received financial support from The American Foster Parents Plan.
The majority of the children cared for at Weir Courtney were between three and eight years old on arrival in England in 1945, and were of German, Czech, Hungarian and Italian origin. Many had been in hiding during the war or had survived the Theresienstadt ghetto or the Auschwitz-Birkenau concentration camp.
The hostel was run by the child therapist Alice Goldberger, who was also a Jewish refugee. The first group from the Windermere reception centre arrived on the first evening of Hanukah, December 1945. The house was full of people to greet them including members of the West London synagogue. Rabbi Reinhart led the lighting of the candles.
In her first report to sponsors in April 1946, Goldberger reported that the children at the ‘Lingfield Colony’ had started at the village school a few weeks after their arrival.
Records of Jewish children from Weir Courtney appear later in the 1947 Dormansland school registers held at Surrey History Centre. They recall that they sat alone and were referred to as the German children.
The first group of children were followed by two further groups in 1946. Some of the children believed Weir Courtney was a Nazi trick and took time to settle.
The children were petrified of dogs and the appearance of German prisoners of war, of which there were many in the locality. They were also disturbed by rumours in the press that Hitler was not dead. Goldberger would pull out her harmonica to calm the children when they became agitated.
They ate dinner at eight separate tables and Goldberger would take turns to sit at each. On Friday night and Saturday lunch the tables were all put together and Alice sat at the head of the table. They had orange juice, chicken and an individual challah.
At night, the children would say the Shema Yisrael before bed and get a piece of chocolate, which was exceptional at the time as chocolate was rationed.
In a report of April 1946 to sponsors, Goldberger wrote, “Striking is the friendliness and love towards each other – the children are not bitter, as one would expect, but care for and protect everybody and are most thankful for any love and attention are given to them.”
A month later she added, “The close contact between older and younger children gives them some feeling of family life and home which they have lost.”
In 1946, the youngest children who had been cared for at Bulldogs Bank arrived at Weir Courtney. Three of those children were then adopted from Weir Courtney.
In December 1948, the hostel moved to nearby Lingfield House, and Weir Courtney was sold in 1949. Lingfield continued to care for the children until 1957.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Read And Think About Them From A "Wellness" Perspective (Essay Sample)
In this week's Discussion, I provide three quotations as leads for your participation. Your task is to read and think about them from a "Wellness" perspective and then reflect on your own life.
Respond to at least TWO of the following quotations as instructed:
"The time is always right to do what is right." -- Martin Luther King, Jr.
"Never mistake knowledge for wisdom. One helps you make a living; the other helps you make a life." -- Sandra Carey
"There is living; and there is living well." -- Y. W.
It is always the right time to start that which is going to benefit our lives. When it comes to taking the chance to better our lives through wellness practices, the best time to start is immediately. Ideally most of the time, when we want to start on practices that are directed towards maintaining a healthy body, mind and spirit, there is always something better we feel we should be doing.
Having the knowledge about something and the wisdom to practice the same are two different things. For most people, it all stops at having the information; this is knowledge. Wisdom
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ıcıları tarafından sevilir, bazı batı ülkelerinde zehirli sayılır ve yemek yemeyi reddeder ve Çek Cumhuriyeti ve Finlandiya’da bir incelik olarak kabul edilir.
Bununla birlikte, hiçbir inceleme, insanlar için tehlikeli olan beyaz toksinlerin gübresindeki varlığı doğruladı. Ayrıca, mantarın değeri, genellikle geniş gruplara dönüşmesidir. Bu nedenle, mevsimde ormana gitmek, zengin bir hasat olmadan dönmek imkansız.
Gübre böcekleri ilk dersleri, dolgular, atıştırmalıkları ve konserveyi pişirmek için kullanılır. Hem kızarmış hem de haşlanmış halde lezzetlidirler. Genç mantarlar ön kaynatma gerektirmez ve bazı kaynaklar genç yaşta bile çiğ olarak yenebileceğini söyler.
Hasat, hasattan sonra en fazla 2 saat sonra işlenmelidir, çünkü dondurulmuş gıdalarda bile otolitleme reaksiyonu engellenmez.
Beyaz adamın antropojenik yerleri tercih ettiği an göz önüne alındığında, meyve vücudu çeşitli zehirli maddeleri emebileceğinden onları orada toplamak daha iyidir.
Benziyor
Beyaz mananın Latin adı Coprinus comatus. Atlı aileye ait ve Dunny cinsinin en parlak temsilcilerinden biridir.
kafa
Mantar kapak incedir, liflidir, iğ şeklindeki bir yapıya sahiptir ve pullarla kaplıdır. Yükseklik 5-15 cm (bazen 20 cm’ye kadar büyür), çapı 5-10 cm, geliştikçe hafifçe açılır ve çan şeklini alır. En eski kopyalar düzeltildi, ancak bu çok nadiren oluyor.
Kapağın rengi beyaz, grimsi veya kahverengi renktedir. Üretilen maddelerin etkisi altında eski mantarlar, şapkaları koyulaştırır. İşlem kenarlarla başlar ve zamanla şapka bir mürekkep kütlesine dönüştürülür. Merkezde, kapağın yüzeyinde daha koyu bir tüberkül görülür.
et
Beyaz renk, yumuşak, farklı tat ve aroma olmadan.
plakalar
Beyaz, yaşla birlikte, pembe bir gölge alır ve sonra tamamen kaybolur, mürekkebe dönüşür.
Spore tozu
Siyah renk. Sporlar küçük, pürüzsüz, oval.
bacak
Dıştan hızla kaybolan dinamik bir halka ile çapı 1.5-2.5 cm olan, silindirik formda yüksek (15 cm’ye kadar). Beyaz, kadifemsi, içte boş, kalınlaşmış. Sakkafalı vajinaya sahiptir.
Ne zaman ve nerede yetişirler
Shaggy mantarı nemlendirilmiş toprakları sever ve çoğu zaman bu tür yerlerde bulunur:
- otlak;
- çayır;
- terk edilmiş seralar;
- çiçek tarhları;
- sebze bahçeleri;
- çimenler
- mahzenler.
Tabii ki, gübre veya kompost yığınları (dolayısıyla adı) ve humus açısından zengin diğer yerlerde yakın bulunabilir. Çoğu zaman, Rusya’nın güney ve orta bölgelerinde, Kuzey Amerika, Avustralya’da, Afrika’nın belirli bölgelerinde ve Avrasya kıtasının topraklarında meydana gelir.
Yağmurdan hemen sonra mayıstan ekime kadar mantar toplayın.
Neleri karıştırabiliyorsunuz?
Beyaz gübre, karıştırabilecekleri tehlikeli ikizlere sahip değildir. Ancak bu, dikkatli olmanız anlamına gelmez. Bu mantarları toplamak isteyen yeni başlayanlar, avını seçmek için son derece dikkatli olmalı ve mantar yemenin kurbanı olmamak için belirli güvenlik kurallarına uymalıdır.
Gübre böceğini hiç denemediyseniz, yenmez bir mantarı düşününce, mutlaka deneyin. Alışılmadık tadı ve pulpa sevgisi sizi kayıtsız bırakmayacaktır. Ve tavsiyemiz “sessiz avlanma” konusunda bir hata yapmamanıza yardımcı olacaktır.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Css یعنی چه؟
CSS یعنی چه؟ CSS مخفف Cascading Style Sheets است. CSS برای توصیف ظاهر و قالب بندی یک سند نوشته شده به زبان نشانه گذاری است. که یک ویژگی برای HTML فراهم می کند. به طور کلی برای تغییر سبک صفحات وب و رابط های کاربری با HTML استفاده می شود. همچنین می تواند با هر نوع اسناد XML از جمله XML ساده، SVG و XUL استفاده شود.
CSSهمراه با HTML و JavaScript در بیشتر وب سایت ها برای ایجاد رابط کاربر برای برنامه های وب و رابط کاربری برای بسیاری از برنامه های تلفن همراه استفاده می شود.
می توانید ظاهر جدیدی به اسناد HTML قدیمی خود اضافه کنید.
فقط با چند تغییر در کد CSS می توانید ظاهر وب سایت خود را کاملاً تغییر دهید.
سه مزیت مهم CSS
1- یک مشکل بزرگ را حل می کند
قبل از CSS، برچسب هایی مانند قلم، رنگ، سبک پس زمینه، ترازبندی عناصر، حاشیه و اندازه باید در هر صفحه وب تکرار شوند. این روند بسیار طولانی بود. به عنوان مثال: اگر شما در حال ایجاد یک وب سایت بزرگ هستید که در آن صفحه فونت ها و اطلاعات رنگی به آن اضافه می شود، این یک روند طولانی و پرهزینه خواهد بود CSS برای حل این مشکل ایجاد شده است. این یک توصیه W3C بود.
2-باعث صرفه جویی در وقت زیادی می شود
تعاریف سبک CSS در پرونده های CSS خارجی ذخیره می شوند، بنابراین تغییر کل وب سایت با تغییر فقط یک پرونده امکان پذیر است.
3- شما میتوانید ویژگی های بیشتری ارائه دهید
CSS ویژگیهای دقیق تری نسبت به HTML ساده برای تعریف ظاهر و احساس وب سایت ارائه می دهد.
CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) به شما امکان می دهد صفحات وب زیبایی را ایجاد کنید.
پیش نیازها برای کار با CSS چیست
سواد رایانه ای ابتدایی، نرم افزار اساسی نصب شده، دانش اولیه کار با پرونده ها و مبانی HTML (مطالعه مقدمه ای برای HTML)
CSS یعنی چه
CSS زبانی است برای تعیین نحوه ارائه اسناد به کاربران، نحوه استایل، چیدمان و غیره.
یک سند معمولاً یک فایل متنی است که با استفاده از یک زبان نشانه گذاری ساختار یافته است. HTML رایج ترین زبان نشانه گذاری است، اما ممکن است با زبان های نشانه گذاری دیگری مانند SVG یا XML نیز روبرو شوید.
ارائه سندی به کاربر به معنای تبدیل آن به فرم قابل استفاده توسط مخاطبان است. مرورگرهایی مانند Firefox، Chrome یا Edge برای ارائه اسناد بصری، مثلاً روی صفحه رایانه، پروژکتور یا چاپگر، طراحی شده اند.
CSS را می توان برای سبک سازی متن بسیار اصلی اسناد استفاده کرد. به عنوان مثال تغییر رنگ و اندازه عنوان ها و پیوندها. این می تواند برای ایجاد طرح بندی استفاده شود. برای مثال تبدیل یک ستون متن به یک طرح با یک منطقه محتوای اصلی و یک نوار کناری برای اطلاعات مرتبط. حتی می توان از آن برای جلوه هایی مانند انیمیشن نیز استفاده کرد.
سخن نهایی
به طور کلی وب سایت ها بدون CSS یک مکان خسته کننده خواهد بود. با استفاده از CSS می توانید دقیقاً نحوه مشاهده عناصر HTML را در مرورگر کنترل کرده و با استفاده از هر طرحی که می خواهید، نشانه گذاری خود را ارائه دهید.
مطالب زیر را حتما بخوانید:
چنانچه دیدگاهی توهین آمیز باشد و متوجه اشخاص مدیر، نویسندگان و سایر کاربران باشد تایید نخواهد شد. چنانچه دیدگاه شما جنبه ی تبلیغاتی داشته باشد تایید نخواهد شد. چنانچه از لینک سایر وبسایت ها و یا وبسایت خود در دیدگاه استفاده کرده باشید تایید نخواهد شد. چنانچه در دیدگاه خود از شماره تماس، ایمیل و آیدی تلگرام استفاده کرده باشید تایید نخواهد شد. چنانچه دیدگاهی بی ارتباط با موضوع آموزش مطرح شود تایید نخواهد شد.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Photo: Eprah1 (flickr)
Humans may be one of the smartest animals on the planet, but when it comes to remembering where things are, Clark’s nutcrackers have us beat.
A relative of jays and crows, nutcrackers hide pine seeds in the ground each autumn so they have a source of food during the Colorado Rocky Mountain winter. They cache as many as 30,000 seeds in 5,000 different locations over a fifteen square mile area. Since they cannot smell the seeds buried in the soil very well, they must use their remarkable spatial memory to find them.
Nutcrackers are not the only animals that cache food. Caching behavior is seen in birds, mammals and even insects. Chickadees store collections of seeds, insects and spiders in the bark of trees or under leaves. Red squirrels cut conifer cones from trees and bury them in plant litter on the forest floor. Harvester ants bring seeds back to their nests and store them in chambers, while honey bees save nectar and pollen in their hive.
Because nutcrackers are one of the best at remembering cache locations, researchers are studying them to find out why they have such great memories. Scientists know that the nutcracker’s abilities evolved because of environmental pressure. Nutcrackers with poor memories did not likely survive the harsh mountain winters. Now researchers want to find out how the brains of nutcrackers are different from other brains. They are particularly interested in the hippocampus, a small area of the brain that helps form memories. Finding out how the nutcracker’s brain is different from other species may give us clues to why humans have memory problems. It may even lead to a cure for Alzheimer’s disease.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>The Schwenkfelders, a group of people who followed the teachings of Caspar Schwenkfeld, came to America from Silesia (at the time Silesia was part of Germany, currently it is part of Poland) to flee religious persecution. Because they were unwilling to conform to the Catholic, or Lutheran, teachings, they were persecuted in Silesia. From 1580-1799 they were put in prisons, taken to Vienna forced to work in the trenches and chained to the galleys to serve in the war against the Turks. In later years, they were forced to bury their dead in the driftways where the cattle were gathered, with no ceremony, and no relatives or friends permitted to attend the burial. One prisoner wrote ""One would crawl away from such a Christianity if one could not run."
There was a brief reprieve in their persecution during the 30 year war, 1618-48, while attentions were diverted to the war. But the reprieve did not last.
In 1725 an edict was granted that all of the Schwenkenfeld children must be catechized, or they would be removed from their families and placed in Catholic homes. Faced with losing their children, the Schwenkfelders began to plan their escape.
First they traveled to Saxony, and for 7 years they enjoyed peace under the protection of Count Zinzendorf. The Count wanted to form one unified church with the Moravians and Schwenkfelders, among others, but the groups preferred to meet on their own in private homes. On July 17 1732 the Austrian Empire requested information on the Schwenkfelds from the Count, and he was ordered to remove no one else from their empire. On April 4, 1733, the Count was advised by an official of the Saxon government that the Schwenkfelders could no longer be protected. They Saxon government gave them one year to prepare for departure.
"Meanwhile, in 1730 and 1731, three sons of one of several Schultz families had ventured forth from Saxony to Holland to engage in the saffron trade. One went to the Dutch East Indies, one remained in Holland, and the third went to Pennsylvania. In 1733 the remaining members of the family also migrated to Pennsylvania. Accounts of their safe arrival and entire satisfaction came back to the group in Saxony. Pennsylvania now seemed to be their definite goal. Count Zinzendorf and the Moravians became interested in a colony in Georgia, and the Schwenkfelders were willing to consider Georgia as a possibility, but their conditions were not met and the project fell through.
Having secured permission from the English government to settle in Pennsylvania, the Schwenkfelders started on their journey. . On April 20, 1734, the first family left Saxony on thetrek to the Elbe River, fifty or more miles westward. They had been advised not to travel in one body for fear of attracting attention. Emigration was looked upon with disfavor. Moreover, their former persecutors in Silesia might intercept them. Other family groups followed daily, at intervals, for eight days until forty families numbering 180 individuals had arrived at Pirna on the Elbe, above Dresden. When all had assembled there, they embarked on the same day on boats for Hamburg-Altona where Mennonite merchants, the Van der Smissen family, to whom the Schwenkfelders had been commended by their erstwhile Holland benefactors, provided food and lodging gratis for eleven days, engaged three sailing vessels, and paid for their passage to Holland.
On the North Sea a violent storm separated the vessels. Each feared the others lost, but all arrived safely. In Haarlem another merchant family, van Buissant, entertained them for fifteen days, engaged an English sailing vessel (the St. Andrew, John Stedman, Captain) to convey them across the Atlantic. They also lavished upon them provisions for the voyage, gave them money for the poor when they reached Pennsylvania, and paid the passage thither for the whole group, in spite of the Schwenkfelders' grateful protest.
On June 28, 1734, they sailed from Rotterdam. Palatines swelled the number of passengers on board to three hundred. A diary of the entire journey, written by Christopher Schultz, an orphan sixteen years of age, relates that at one point the vessel lay still for a long while in a great calm. At another time a violent storm dashed the waves over the side of the ship, drenching their bedding and baggage. Their books, still preserved, show the water stains. Death took nine of their number: six little children, a young man of twenty years, a young mother, and an aged grandmother.
The bodies were weighted and committed to the sea.
The St. Andrew docked at Philadelphia, September 22 (New Style), 1734. The captain's list of passengers is preserved in the Schwenkfelder Library, Pennsburg, Pennsylvania. On the 23rd all males sixteen years of age and over were required to promise allegiance to the King of Great Britain and to the Proprietor of the Province. This document with signatures appended is also preserved.
On the following day, September 24, George Weiss, their spiritual leader, conducted an all-day Thanksgiving Service., This day of Remembrance and Thanksgiving has been observed by the Schwenkfelders in Pennsylvania annually to the present time, at first in their log-cabin homes and barns, or under the open sky, if weather permitted; later in their school and meeting houses; and latterly in their modern church edifices. This day has never been vulgarized by feasting. It is observed as a day of worship, thanksgiving, remembrance, spiritual edification, and new vision. The vast and intriguing panorama of the New World now lay stretched out before them. Like panting deer who have escaped the hunter's missiles, the little company separated and scattered into Penn's Woods. Unable to acquire a large tract of land whereon all of them could settle in close proximity to each other, the individual families settled in different localities, wherever smaller tracts were available, within a radius of about fifty miles northwestward of Philadelphia in what are now the counties of Montgomery, Bucks, Berks, and Lehigh; at Germantown, ChestnutHill, Towamencin, Skippack, Frederick, Goshenhoppen, Milford, Macungie, and Oley. In 1767, David Schultz, a surveyor, drafted two maps showing the location of the different families. These he sent to the friends and relatives who had remained in Silesia. The same maps were found in the parish house in old Harpersdorf and brought back in 1919 to the Schwenkfelder Library in Pennsburg,
built on land originally owned by the surveyor." - from the Schwenkfelders in PA by Schultz
The Schwenkfelders In Pennsylvania by Selena Schultz
The Schwenkfelders, A Historical Sketch by Hedrick
Schwenkfelder Marriages (Including Cake Recipe)
The Schwenkdenfelders & Apple Butter
The Schwenkfelder Library & History Center
The Schwenkfelder Exile Society
(Through Dan's Paternal Lines)
The Brown/Truckenmiller Connection to the Schwenkfelders:Beyer Line to Thelma Clara (Brown) Truckenmiller
Yeakel Line to Thelma Clara (Brown) Truckenmiller
Kreibel Line to Thelma Clara (Brown) Truckenmiller
Anders Line to Thelma Clara Brown
David Yeakel 1762-1820 married Anna Kreibel 1766-1841Maria Yeakel 1791-1854 married Daniel HeinThelma Brown married Ward Welsh TruckenmillerCharles "Fred" Truckenmiller married Patsy Ann Smith
" The Schwenkfelders endured years of oppression. Enslaved on ships, jailed, fined and put in stocks, they were not allowed freedom of worship sporadically for 150 years. Persecution sometimes came from Lutherans or Catholics, and often from government officials. The Schwenkfelders were subject to changes in the political climate, which were frequent and severe.By 1700, all Schwenkfelders were living the village of Harpersdorf and the surrounding area. Two Jesuit priests were sent to the region in 1719 to convert them to Roman Catholicism by order of the Emperor. At first, the priests imposed a few rules, but they soon found that the Schwenkfelder spirit was not easy to break and persecution intensified. Prohibition of Schwenkfelder burials on consecrated ground was among the sanctions exacted by the Jesuits. The Schwenkfelders instead were forced to bury their dead in potters' fields outside Harpersdorf. The Jesuits did not allow any of the Schwenkfelders to sell their property and leave town.
In the early 1720s appeals were made in Vienna for toleration,but were rejected. By 1726, many of the families were desperate to escape. Their leaders secretly contacted Count Nicholas Ludwig von Zinzendorf in Berthelsdorf, Saxony, for shelter. Four years before, Zinzendor
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Pure Music 1.88 per Mac - $ 130,00
- Cavo USB AudioQuest Forest (1 metro) - $ 30,00 se si utilizza selezionare il DAC BiFrost con connessione USB
- Cavo digitale ottico AudioQuest Forest Optilink (1 m) - $ 25,00 se si seleziona il DAC BiFrost senza una connessione USB
- Interconnessione AudioQuest Evergreen (1 m con pin da 3,5 mm / RCA o RCA / RCA) - $ 30,00
Totale: $ 800 - $ 1,110 a seconda del DAC e dei cavi
Se il professore fosse stato in grado di ottenere un po 'di elettricità sull'isola (Gilligan che beve latte di cocco su un tapis roulant collegato a un'asta di conduzione potrebbe aver funzionato), i naufraghi avrebbero trovato un modo per costruire qualcosa come altoparlanti amplificati Audioengine A5 + N in bambù . Venduto direttamente online (zero tasse e spedizione via terra gratuita), l'A5 + N offre un'eccellente qualità del suono, flessibilità e un ottimo rapporto qualità-prezzo. Hanno un ingombro leggermente inferiore rispetto al KEF X300A, ma i loro woofer in Kevlar da 5 pollici e tweeter a cupola in seta da 3/4 pollici producono un equilibrio tonale dal suono ricco e piuttosto arioso. Non hanno un suono così coerente come i KEF, ma costano anche $ 330 in meno e funzionano bene con tutti i tipi di musica. Audioengine fornisce tutto ciò di cui hai bisogno all'interno, compresi i cavi, ma pensiamo che i soldi extra per i cavi AQ siano ben spesi.
Entrambe le opzioni USB DAC offriranno un enorme miglioramento della qualità del suono su un feed diretto dal tuo laptop o desktop, e non siamo convinti che tu debba seguire la strada USB con Schitt Bifrost. Se puoi, risparmia $ 100 e usa una connessione ottica tra il tuo computer e il DAC. Puoi quindi buttare i $ 100 su della nuova musica o sull'adattatore wireless per iPod / iPhone / iPad Audioengine W2 opzionale.
Seleziona il software di riproduzione appropriato e sei pronto per partire.
Il Brewmeister Smith
- Altoparlanti alimentati PSB Alpha PS1 - coppia da $ 300.oo
- DAC USB AudioQuest DragonFly - $ 250,00 o DAC USB Schitt Audio Modi - $ 100,00
- Amplificatore per cuffie Schitt Audio Magni - $ 100,00
- Software di riproduzione JRiver Media Center per Windows - $ 50,00
- Software di riproduzione Pure Music 1.88 per Mac - $ 130,00
- Cavo USB AudioQuest Forest (1 metro) - $ 30,00
- Interconnessione AudioQuest Evergreen (1 m con pin da 3,5 mm / RCA o RCA / RCA) - $ 30,00
Totale: $ 640 - $ 870 a seconda del DAC e dei cavi
Il produttore canadese di altoparlanti PSB ha una lunga esperienza nell'ottenere le cose per bene. Il capo progettista Paul Barton - che ha fondato PSB all'epoca della Super Series Canada-URSS nel 1972 - è uno dei progettisti di altoparlanti più rispettati al mondo, e non è uno che elabora i numeri. Gli altoparlanti di PSB misurano bene, suonano in modo fantastico e sono quasi sempre il miglior rapporto qualità-prezzo nelle rispettive categorie. Gli altoparlanti amplificati Alpha PS1 si inclinano verso l'estremità minuscola a 7 x 4 x 6 (AxLxP - in pollici), ma suonano tutt'altro che piccoli. La PS1 ha una presentazione dal suono molto bilanciata e getta un palcoscenico molto ampio che può essere apprezzato anche stando seduti a una scrivania. È possibile collegare un iPod a loro tramite un jack di ingresso da 3,5 mm, collegare un subwoofer grazie a un'uscita subwoofer inclusa e persino caricare un dispositivo USB.Da una prospettiva tonale, si inclinano più verso il neutro che il caldo, ma la tua scelta del DAC lo cambierà.
Entrambi i DAC AudioQuest e Schitt Audio funzionano bene con gli Alpha PS1, ma preferiremmo l'AQ se preferisci un bilanciamento tonale più caldo. L'amplificatore per cuffie Schitt Magni è troppo buono per $ 100 e guiderà anche le tue cuffie in-ear molto bene. Se vuoi passare al wireless, puoi connetterti ad Apple AirPlay con un modulo Airport Express.
Ecco fatto: tre sistemi sonori molto diversi, ma tutti progettati per portare l'audio del computer al livello successivo.
La prossima settimana alzeremo la soglia del budget a $ 2.500, faremo girare un po 'di vinile e costruiremo il tipo di sistema di soggiorno che hai sempre desiderato, ma che non pensavi di potertelo permettere.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Kapsamlı bir sonuç elde etmek için kreşi/anaokulunu ziyaret ettiğinizde dikkat etmeniz gereken birçok şey vardır. Ancak her şeyi yüzde 100 beğenmeyebilirsiniz. İçgüdüleriniz en önemli karar verme aracınızdır. Belki kreş/anaokulu yetkililerinden sizi diğer velilerle temasa geçirmelerini isteyebilirsiniz. Özellikle seçilmiş veli temsilcileri, size çok şey anlatabilir.
Bununla birlikte, kreşi ya da anaokulunu ziyaret ettiğinizde, eğitimcinin ve genel konseptin size uygun olup olmadığı konusunda kesinlikle bir şeyler hissedersiniz. Her şeyden önce, kreşe/anaokuluna yapılan kısa bir ziyarette açıkça görülen veya orada sorgulanabilecek özellikler vardır. İşte o ziyaretlerde dikkat etmeniz ve sorgulamanız gerekenler…
Kreşin personel sayısını kolayca sorabilirsiniz. Anaokulu yönetmeliğine göre bir sınıfta iki öğretmen olması gerekmektedir. Bunun anlamı şudur: Bir öğretmen hasta ise, en azından bir diğer öğretmen ile her zaman bir yedek sağlanır. Yeterli alan olarak, her birey için 2.5 m2 yer hesaplanarak odanın kontenjanı belirlenir ve en fazla kişi olması gerekir. Çocuk başına düşen metrekare sayısını tam olarak tahmin etmek zordur; bu nedenle odaların boyut olarak dengeli, aydınlık ve havalandırması kolay olduğundan ve yeterli sayıda çocuk dostu oyun malzemesinin bulunduğundan emin olun.
Bazı çocuklar için alışma süresi için önce zamana ihtiyaç vardır. Kreşe/anaokuluna başlamalarını kolaylaştırmak için okul; ebeveynin başlangıçta çocukla birlikte kaldığı ve sonraki günlerde giderek daha uzun bir süre odadan ayrıldığı bir uyum aşamasına izin vermelidir. Çocuğunuz okula başlarken önce bir saat, ardından iki saat, üç saat olarak okulda kalma süresini adım adım artırın. Bu oryantasyon programı aynı zamanda anneden sağlıklı ayrılma sürecini de destekler.
Çok sayıda oyun seçeneğine sahip harika bir açık alan, en güzel çocukluk anılarına katkıda bulunur. Örneğin tırmanma parkurları, salıncak veya kum ve su oyunları için fırsatlar sunan bir bahçe; kreş/anaokulunda olması gereken kriterlerdendir.
Her okulda her zaman temiz ve erişilebilir bir tuvalet, soyunma yeri bulunmalıdır. Çocukların ihtiyaç duyduklarında yardımlı veya yardımsız tuvalete gitmelerine izin verilmeli. Dişlerini düzenli olarak fırçalamak için uygun tuvaletler bulunmalı.
İnce motor becerilerini geliştirmek ve matematiksel anlayış ve yaratıcılığı uyandırmak için çeşitli öneriler ve materyaller içermelidir. Çeşitli yapı taşı sistemleri, giydirme için kumaşlar ve tabii ki birçok kitap bulunmalıdır.
İster açık alanda hareket oyunları olsun, ister jimnastik odasında jimnastik yapılsın; asıl mesele çocukların her gün yoğun bir şekilde hareket etmesidir.
Şarkı söylemek ve dans etmek, birlikte müzik yapmak sadece çocukların müzikalitesini geliştirmekle kalmaz, aynı zamanda bilişsel (hafıza, kalıpları tanıma, farklılıkları algılama, sayma, sembolik düşünme), duygusal (hissetme, ifade etme) gibi çeşitli diğer becerilerini de geliştirir. Müzik; motor (ağız ve el motor becerileri, ritmik hareketler) ve sosyal gelişimin (sosyal deneyim, iş birliği) yanı sıra dil gelişimine (kelime hazinesi, tekerlemeler sayesinde fonolojik farkındalık) katkı sağlar.
Her kreşin/anaokulun kendi konsepti vardır. Bazıları öncelikle serbest oyuna yer verir, bazıları çok fazla aktiviteye sahiptir. Ancak her kreşte/anaokulunda günlük rutinde, aktivite kısmına ek olarak serbest oyun için her zaman yeterli zaman planlanmalıdır. Çocuklar ne yapmak istediklerine kendileri karar verirler. Eğitimciler onları destekler ve onlara eşlik ederler.
Kreş/anaokulu çocuklara bölgede neler olduğunu gösterir. Bazen pazara, bazen itfaiye istasyonuna veya bir kütüphaneye gezi düzenlenebilir. Bu tarz geziler sayesinde çocuklar bölgelerini tanırlar, orman gezilerinde macera oyunları oynarlar.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>GLI ANIMALI, CANTICO PEREQ SHIRAH
E IL PECCATO D'ADAMO
di Alessandro Conti Puorger
UOMINI E ANIMALI
Per l'uomo che vede la propria ed altrui traiettoria di vita - infanzia, adolescenza, maturità, vecchiaia - è ineluttabile la constatazione che l'esistenza dei singoli individui della propria razza, concepita nell'esperienza del sensibile, è destinata a terminare.
L'essere umano è spettatore, infatti, in sé e negli altri dei segni di un progressivo cambiamento fisico e comprende che è costretto a subire l'inesorabile processo evolutivo del proprio corpo che, nella migliore delle ipotesi, cesserà di agire morendo di vecchiaia di durata non certa, inevitabile e non superabile ultima "malattia" d'esito sempre infausto.
Per chi è scampato a precedenti incidenti, malattie ecc. la vecchiaia è percepita quale attentato finale alla permanenza nel mondo sensibile col graduale abbattimento del residuo baluardo di forza fisica prima della dissoluzione in polvere del proprio corpo.
L'uomo si rende così conto d'essere il soggetto di una caducità intrinseca.
Su questa tematica l'autore del libro della Genesi, il primo dei libri delle Sacre Scritture della Tenak ebraica e della Bibbia cristiana, coi racconti della "creazione" - capitoli 1, 2 e 3 - prospetta la propria opinione sulla motivazione di tale caducità ed entrambe le tradizioni la considerano ispirata come del resto tutta la Torah.
Tali racconti saldano in un unico pensiero allegorico midrashico vicende antiche che si agitano nei miti dei popoli, ma che la profondità della meditazione dello spirito hanno distillato in un testo denso di profondi contenuti teologici - etici - esistenziali.
È da andare al primo capitolo ed ai sei giorni della creazione quando, procedendo per tappe che vanno di pienezza in pienezza, Dio creò l'uomo.
L'autore imposta i racconti ponendo come finalità ultima delle opere dei 6 giorni, appunto, l'uomo, collocato poi nel giardino dell'Eden che Dio stesso aveva piantato, perché la prima coppia vi crescesse libera e giusta.
(Vedi "Spirito creato in 7 tappe - Genesi codice egizio-ebraico" in "Ricerche di Verità".)
I primi tre giorni hanno come corrispondenti i successivi altri tre giorni:
- Primo giorno - Dio disse: "Sia la Luce", e questa fece distinguere le tenebre.
"…Dio esisteva in sé perfettamente solo. Nulla esisteva che fosse partecipe della Sua eternità. Allora egli stabilì di creare il mondo. Come lo pensò, come lo volle e come lo descrisse con la sua parola così anche lo creò… Dio esisteva nella sua unicità e nulla c'era che fosse coeterno con Lui. Niente esisteva se non Dio. Egli era solo ma completo in tutto. In Lui si trovava intelligenza, sapienza potenza e consiglio. Quando volle, e nella misura in cui volle, egli, nel tempo da Lui prefissato ci rivelò il suo Verbo per mezzo del quale aveva creato tutte le cose… Pronunziando una prima parola, e generando luce da luce, presentò alla stessa creazione come Signore il suoi stesso Pensiero e rese visibile colui che egli solo conosceva e vedeva in se stesso e che prima era assolutamente invisibile per il mondo creato. Lo rivelò perché il mondo lo vedesse e così potesse essere salvato. Questi è la Sapienza che venendo nel mondo si rivelò Figlio di Dio. Tutto fu creato per mezzo di Lui, ma egli è l'unico che viene dal Padre." (Dal trattato "Contro Noeto" di Sant Ippolito, sacerdote.)
- Secondo giorno - Divise le acque di sopra da quelle di sotto col firmamento o cielo.
- Terzo giorno - Appare l'asciutto dal mare e si producono erba, alberi e frutti.
Ogni giorno della creazione ha in sé due elementi tra loro posti a contro altare, uno solare luminoso, pienezza di quel giorno, l'altro complemento minore.
- Al Primo corrisponde il Quarto, con formazione dei lucernari ed appare giorno e notte;
- al Secondo corrisponde il Quinto, con pesci nel mare, rettili e uccelli del cielo;
- al Terzo corrisponde il Sesto, con animali che mangiano erba e l'uomo semi e frutti.
Primo giorno: luce - tenebre.
Secondo giorno: acque di sopra, cielo - acque di sotto.
Terzo giorno: terra dal mare e su queste, semi e frutti, erbe.
Quarto giorno: giorno - notte.
Quinto giorno: uccelli - pesci e rettili.
Sesto giorno: uomo - animali.
Alla fine di quel processo, la Genesi dice che "In principio
… Dio creò l'uomo a sua immagine; a immagine di Dio lo creò; maschio e femmina
li creò. Dio li benedisse e disse loro: Siate fecondi e moltiplicatevi
, riempite la terra; soggiogatela e dominate
sui pesci del mare e sugli uccelli del cielo e su ogni essere vivente
che striscia sulla terra." (Genesi 1,1-27s)
Il primo dei precetti fu essere fecondi e moltiplicarsi secondo la propria specie e secondo ciò che la natura comporta per una corretta procreazione.
Il libro del Levitico poi sarà più esplicito: "Non avrai con maschio relazioni come si hanno con donna: è abominio. Non ti abbrutirai con alcuna bestia per contaminarti con essa; la donna non si abbrutirà con una bestia; è una perversione." (Levitico 18,22-23)
È, peraltro, vietato anche incrociare tra loro specie diverse di animali - "kilayim" - come pure mischiare nello stesso campo semi diversi e formare tessuti con fibre diverse: "Osserverete le mie leggi. Non accoppierai bestie di specie differenti; non seminerai il tuo campo con due sorta di seme, né porterai veste tessuta di due diverse materie." (Levitico 19,19)
Questa è la regola dello "shaatnez" e sta ad indicare che nella creazione di Dio ogni cosa ha il suo posto e tale ordine non deve essere cambiato dall'uomo.
In quei versetti la Genesi per il "dominare" usa il verbo ebraico
ossia signoreggiare, vale a dire essere al disopra, ma non c'è la parola morte o morire il cui concetto apparirà per connesso all'albero della conoscenza del bene e del male e poi in bocca al serpente nel racconto di Genesi 3.
Tra l'altro le lettere di signoreggiare
suggeriscono un pensiero ecologista totalizzante: lui, l'uomo, deve essere "la testa
che li aiuterà
nel mondo
".
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federal pricing system. The big difference here is how the revenues are managed. The federal government will be in charge of distributing the revenues from carbon pricing in the non-voluntary provinces, while the voluntary provinces will get to make their own spending choices.
What kind of rebate will I get?
Most of the money raised from the federal price on carbon in affected provinces will go back to the people who pay that price in the first place. This will arrive in the form of a tax rebate which you can apply for right now.
Here’s how it works: the average household will pay slightly more for items that cause pollution (for example, gasoline, which will go up by a few cents per litre). This price signal important – there needs to be some way to encourage a shift away from high-polluting behaviour, which causes climate change. The government will then give back a set amount to households based on what an “average” household would pay in increased costs. This amount changes depending on which province you live in, since not everyone will face the same costs.
By giving back a standard amount, this means that only those who pollute more than average will actually see an increase in costs. Those who take action to reduce their polluting behaviour below average will get more money back than they paid in increased costs. This is a financial reward for taking deeper action.
The main goal is really to discourage pollution by making it more expensive, not to generate revenue.. A perfect carbon pricing system would eventually yield no revenue, because it would change behaviour to reduce carbon emissions to zero.
What is the impact of carbon pricing on the economy?
It’s important to look at the facts before believing the myth that limiting carbon pollution limits economic growth. Sweden has the highest carbon tax in the world, yet GDP growth has outpaced the European average by a significant margin since the tax was introduced in the 1990s. In 2017, the 4 provinces in Canada with carbon pricing in place also led the country in economic growth.
Research from two of Canada’s leading environmental economists shows that meeting Canada’s Paris Agreement commitments on climate change will have virtually no impact on our continued economic growth – a difference of 38 per cent GDP growth by 2030 vs. 39per cent GDP growth if Canada takes no action at all. This action will include carbon pricing and many other policies, illustrating that Canada can take stronger action to reduce carbon pollution without harming the economy.
What other tools will help reduce Canada’s greenhouse gas emissions?
In addition to carbon pricing, we need strong regulations, forward-thinking policies, comprehensive programs to encourage behaviour change, and much more action from governments to fight climate change. For example, governments can use regulatory tools like building codes to require enhanced energy efficiency, commit to renewable electricity generation, or encourage change with programs like electric vehicle incentives.
We’ll need all of these tools and many more to meet Canada’s international commitments to do our fair share to keep warming to 1.5 degrees. So what are we waiting for? Let’s get started.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>During a major flood event the emergency services are the main responders to flooding. We will work with them to assist evacuations and provide emergency accommodation and other social services.
Floods from sewers or burst mains
Dŵr Cymru oversee the flood risk from public sewers and water mains. There is information on reporting and dealing with this kind of flooding on Dŵr Cymru’s website.
Public drains and flooded roads
The council has an oversight role for flood risk from ordinary watercourses, surface water run-off and groundwater. If there is a blocked drain or flooded road, please contact us.
Floods from rivers or the sea
Natural Resources Wales oversee the flood risk from the main rivers and the sea. You can find out about the risk of flooding from rivers and the sea on Natural Resources Wales’s website.
We hold sandbags, and we will try to provide them where they can limit the effects of flooding. If there is a major event, it may not be possible to meet all requests, and so we cannot guarantee sandbags will be provided to all properties.
To request sandbags, please contact us.
Preventing flooding on private property is the owner’s responsibility. However, if there is flooding we will try to help. If there is a major flood, we will try to protect and help the most vulnerable people and infrastructure first.
Flooding is a natural occurrence. No drainage system or flood protection measures can give absolute protection from flooding.
If you are concerned about flooding, the National Flood Forum may be able to help you.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Palliative Care
Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (DSÖ) bu kavramı ilk olarak 1989 yılında tanımlamıştır. 2002’de yapılan tanım ise şu şekildedir:
“Palyatif bakım (Rahatlatıcı Bakım Süreci), yaşamı tehdit eden hastalıklardan kaynaklanan problemler ile karşılaşan hastaların ve hasta yakınlarının yaşam kalitesini, başta ağrı olmak üzere tüm fiziksel, psikososyal ve ruhsal problemlerin erken tespit edilerek ve etkili değerlendirmeler yapılarak önlenmesi veya giderilmesi yolları ile arttıran bir yaklaşımdır.”
Palyatif Bakım:
- Ölümü doğal bir süreç olarak kabul eder ve yaşama değer verir.
- Kaçınılmaz olan ölümü hızlandırmaya veya geciktirmeye çalışmaz.
- Hastalara beden, akıl ve ruh bütünlükleri içinde tam bir birey olarak yaklaşır.
- Her bir hasta için mümkün olan en iyi yaşam kalitesini sağlamaya çalışır.
- Hasta yakınlarını bakım ünitesinin parçası olarak görür.
- Kısmen veya tamamen iyileşme umuduyla tedavi görmeye devam eden hastalara sunulabilir. Bu hastalar için öngörülen tüm teşhis işlemleri ve tedavi yapılır.
- Ömürlerini uzatacak ya da hastalıklarını iyileştirecek tedaviyi sürdürmek istemeyen hastalar ile hastalıklarına karşı sunulabilecek herhangi bir tedavi bulunmayan hastalara, yani her iki halde de ölmesi beklenen insanlara da sunulabilir. Yukarıda belirtildiği gibi, bu bakım biçiminde hastanın rahat ettirilmesi için yapılması zorunlu olanlar dışında, tedavi veya teşhise yönelik herhangi bir test yapılmaz. Çünkü bu aşamada, yapılacak test ve işlemler hiçbir fayda sağlamaz.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>58.408
değişiklik
Rayleigh dağılımı temel olarak ışığın havadaki moleküllerle etkileşimiyle olur. Tamamen ‘optik’ ve makroskobik bir açıdan söylersek, mavi gökyüzü mikroskobik yoğunluk dalgalanmalarından ileri gelir, bu dalgalanma ise havayı oluşturan moleküllerin rastgele hareketi ile meydana gelir. Daha yoğun veya daha az yoğun bir bölgenin kırıcılık endeksi çevresinden hafifçe farklıdır, bu yüzden ışığı rastgele yönlerde dağıtan kısa ömürlü bir parçacık gibi davranır. Daha küçük bölgeler büyük bölgelere göre daha fazla dalgalanma gösterdiğinden kısa dalgaboyları uzun dalgaboylarına göre daha çok etkilenir ve daha çok dağılıma uğrar.
Dağılımın bir kısmı sülfat parçacıkları tarafından gerçekleştirilebilir. Büyük Plinian
Işık kirliliğinin az olduğu bölgelerde ayışığının olduğu gecelerde de gökyüzü mavidir, çünkü aydan gelen ışık, ayın kahverengimsi renginden dolayı biraz daha düşük renk sıcaklığı olan, güneş ışığının yansımasıdır. Fakat ayışığı olan gökyüzü mavi olarak algılanmaz, çünkü düşük ışık seviyesinde insan görüşü temel olarak çubuk hücrelerinden gelir, ki bu da renk algısı yaratmaz.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Geçen hafta kuzey İtalya’nın tepelerindeydim, çoğunlukla tatildeydim ama aynı zamanda Ukrayna’daki savaşın Avrupa’daki hayatı nasıl etkilediğini de merak ediyordum.
Efektleri bulmak zor olmadı.
Benzin için galon başına 5 dolardan mutsuz musun? 8 doları deneyin. Emekli bir öğretmen olan arkadaşım Roberto Pesciani, “Depoyu doldurmak acı verici” diye inledi.
faturalar? Doğal gazın maliyeti İtalya’da Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’ndekinden dört kat daha yüksek.
“Isınma fiyatları arttı. Bakkal fiyatları arttı. Her şey iyi gidiyor,” dedi Pesciani.
Endişeler enflasyonun ötesine geçiyor. İtalya dışişleri bakanı Luigi Di Maio geçtiğimiz günlerde Rusya’nın Ukrayna’nın tahıl ihracatına uyguladığı ablukanın küresel bir ekmek savaşını tetikleyebileceği, Afrika’da kıtlık ve Avrupa’ya yönelen yeni bir göçmen dalgası yaratabileceği konusunda uyardı.
Pesciani, “Rusya’ya yönelik yaptırımlarla ilgili sorun, yalnızca bize de zarar verirlerse işe yarayacak olmalarıdır” dedi.
Ekonomik acı, ABD liderliğindeki Rusya’ya yönelik yaptırım kampanyasına katılan Avrupa hükümetleri için siyasi sorunlar yaratıyor: “Ukrayna yorgunluğu”.
İtalya Uluslararası İlişkiler Enstitüsü müdürü Nathalie Tocci, “O zaten burada,” dedi. “Acı [from sanctions] Rusya’da Batı’dakinden çok daha yüksek tabii ki, ama acıya toleransımız daha düşük. Öyleyse soru, hangi eğrinin daha dik olduğu – Rusya’nın savaşma kabiliyeti mi yoksa ekonomik acıya dayanma kabiliyetimiz mi?”
Rusya Devlet Başkanı Vladimir Putin, bu yarışmayı kazanacağına bahse giriyor. Cuma günü St. Petersburg’da yaptığı ateşli bir konuşmada, Batı’nın ekonomik yaptırımlarının “en başından beri başarı şansı olmadığını” söyledi. “Biz güçlü bir milletiz ve her türlü zorluğun üstesinden gelebiliriz.”
İtalya ve komşularındaki siyasi kaygı, bir 10 ülke anketi Avrupa Dış İlişkiler Konseyi tarafından geçen hafta yayımlandı.
Ankete göre Avrupalıların çoğu savaşı başlatmakla Rusya’yı suçluyor, ancak bu konuda ne yapacakları konusunda ikiye bölünmüş durumdalar.
Hem Almanya’da hem de Fransa’da, anketörlerin “barış kampı” dediği yerde yaklaşık %40’lık bir çoğunluk var: Ukrayna’nın Rusya’ya taviz vermesi gerekse bile, savaşın bir an önce bitmesini istiyorlar. Yaklaşık %20’si bir “adalet kampında”: Rusya’nın daha uzun bir savaş anlamına gelse bile kesin bir yenilgiye uğradığını görmek istiyorlar.
İtalyanlar daha da güvercin. Çoğunluk, yüzde 52, barış kampında.
Buna rağmen, Fransa Cumhurbaşkanı Emmanuel Macron, Almanya Şansölyesi Olaf Scholz ve İtalya Başbakanı Mario Draghi, geçen hafta Ukrayna Devlet Başkanı Volodymyr Zelensky’ye desteklerini göstermek için Polonya’dan Ukrayna’nın güç durumdaki başkenti Kiev’e gece trenine bindi.
Sadece birkaç hafta önce, üçü de savaşta titrek geliyordu. Macron, Putin’i müzakerelere ikna etmek için çok açık bir çaba sarf etti ve Batı’nın Rusya’yı “küçük düşürmeye” çalışmaktan kaçınması gerektiğini söyledi. Scholz ve Draghi, Rus liderin müzakereleri düşünüp düşünemeyeceğini görmek için daha ihtiyatlı girişimlerde bulundu.
Putin, askeri zafere eğildi, üçünü de reddetti. Bir noktada Macron’dan telefon almayı bile reddetti.
Böylece geçen hafta, huzursuz seçmenlerine barış yapmaya çalıştıklarını gösterdikten sonra, üç Batılı lider Kiev’de daha sert bir tavır aldı.
Macron, Ukrayna’nın “kazanabilmeli” dedi.
Scholz, “Ukrayna, Avrupa ailesinin bir parçasıdır” dedi.
Draghi, “Ukrayna halkı demokrasinin değerlerini savunuyor” dedi.
Üçlü, Zelensky’nin en çok istediği şeyi sağlamadı: yeni silahların hızlı teslimatı.
Ancak Ukrayna’nın Avrupa Birliği’ne üyelik başvurusunu onayladılar – neredeyse tamamen sembolik olsa bile Kiev’de hoş bir açıklama.
Ancak asıl etki, Putin’e Avrupa’nın birleşik cephesinin henüz dağılmadığına dair şaşırtıcı derecede sağlam bir sinyal oldu.
Rusya cumhurbaşkanı, Batı’ya giden doğal gaz akışını derhal keserek karşılık verdi ve bu, komşularına istediği zaman ekonomik zarar verebileceğini hatırlattı.
Başkan Biden dahil Amerikalıların işi daha kolay. Evlerimizi ısıtmak için Rus doğalgazına güvenmiyoruz. Ve ülke içinde, Rusya ile karşı karşıya gelme alışılmadık bir iki partili konsensüs üretti: Demokratlar Biden’ın şahin duruşunun arkasında sıraya girdiler; GOP’un en hararetli bir şekilde Trump yanlısı kanadı dışında, çoğu Cumhuriyetçi de var.
Bununla birlikte, Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’nde bile, enflasyon halkın savaşa verdiği desteği aşındırdı – Avrupa’dakinden sadece daha az dramatik.
Nisan ayında, bir Associated Press anketi, Amerikan seçmenlerinin çoğunluğunun, ABD’nin ekonomik acı anlamına gelse bile, ABD’nin Rusya’ya karşı sert yaptırımlar uygulaması gerektiğini düşündüğünü ortaya koydu. Mayıs ayına kadar, çoğunluk değişmişti; Yüzde 51’i en büyük önceliğin ABD ekonomisine verilen zararı sınırlamak olması gerektiğini söyledi.
Londra’daki Financial Times’tan Gideon Rachman’ın geçen ay belirttiği gibi, Ukrayna’daki savaş üç cephede yürütülüyor ve Batı üç cephede de müdahil. “İlk cephe, savaş alanının kendisidir” diye yazdı. “İkinci cephe ekonomiktir. Üçüncü cephe ise iradelerin savaşıdır.”
Bu üçüncü cephedeki en büyük zorluk bu sonbaharda gelebilir – yakıt ısıtma talebi arttığında, Putin Batı uyumunu baltalamak için yeni yollar bulduğunda ve Biden milyarlarca daha fazla yardım istemek için Kongre’ye döndüğünde.
Bahisler yüksek olacak. Avrupa ve Amerika Birleşik Devletleri liderleri, Ukrayna uğruna ekonomik fedakarlıklara katlanmak için halklarını bir araya getirebilir mi – yoksa bu sadece Putin’in kazanabileceği bir yarışma mı?
Kaynak : https://www.latimes.com/politics/story/2022-06-19/russia-and-the-west-are-in-a-battle-of-wills-over-ukraine-but-the-west-is-showing-signs-of-going-wobbly<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>范冰冰的好莱坞大片《THE 355》在线观看五国影后同台竞技，中国女特工角色曾无人愿意出演！最近范冰冰因为国外的电影又一次上了久违的热搜，西蒙·金伯格执导的电影中，有杰西卡·查斯坦、黛安·克鲁格、佩内洛普·克鲁兹、露皮塔·尼永奥等影后主演的电影《355》会在明年的1月15日在北美上映，而范冰冰是五位女性角色当中的一位，这也是一部国际大制作，范冰冰从2018年上缴了8.84亿元的罚款后，一直很少露面，也接不到影视剧，范冰冰其实也想找一个合适的机会复出，而这部国际大片《THE 355》正是一个很好的机会。<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>The Lilly Library summer exhibition, “Spiritualists, Sorcerers, and Stage Magicians: Magic and the Supernatural at the Lilly Library,” offers a view of how ideas of the occult, the unseen, and the supernatural have persisted and transformed throughout history, from the Middle Ages to the 21st century. Indeed, if popular entertainment is any indication, it seems evident that our interest in ghosts, ghost-hunters, witches, and devils has never really abated, despite the rationalism and disenchantment of the modern age.
Highlights of the Lilly exhibition include stories of the disappearing Professor De La Mano, Boston spiritualist Mina Crandon—aka "Margery"—and her ectoplasmic performances, and self-styled black magician Aleister Crowley, the "Wickedest Man in the World." Visitors will also find arresting illustrations of witches from 17th-century manuals for witch hunters, photographs of ghosts from Sir Arthur Conan Doyle’s book on spirit photography, and instructions for debunking spiritualist mediums in Houdini’s famous A Magician Among the Spirits.
The exhibition runs through August 30, 2014. The Lilly Library is regularly open during the summer Monday-Thursday 9-6, Friday 9-5, and on Saturdays from 9-1 PM; http://www.indiana.edu/~liblilly/ or 812-855-2452<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>LONDRA, 21 ottobre (Reuters) - A Londra la cattedrale di St. Paul ha chiuso oggi i battenti per i rischi rappresentati dalla presenza di centinaia di “indignati” accampati da giorni nei pressi del sagrato.
Graeme Knowles, arciprete della cattedrale, ha scritto una lettera aperta ai manifestanti, chiedendo loro di lasciare pacificamente la piazza, occupata da sabato scorso dopo un corteo che all‘origine doveva giungere alla sede della borsa di Londra.
“Lo abbiamo fatto col cuore pesante, ma non è semplicemente possibile rispettare i nostri obblighi quotidiani verso i fedeli, i visitatori e i pellegrini nelle attuali circostanze”, ha detto Knowles in un comunicato che spiega l‘iniziativa della chiusura.
Il prelato ha aggiunto che i rischi sanitari e d‘incendio rappresentati dal campeggio di protesta - che si è allargato nel corso della settimana - rendono impossibile legalmente l‘apertura della cattedrale, che è una popolare meta turistica.
In risposta, i dimostranti hanno emesso un comunicato in cui si afferma che sarà fatto ogni sforzo per alleggerire le preoccupazioni dei religiosi, e hanno chiesto chiarimenti si quel che potrebbero fare in più.
“Andremo avanti”, ha detto a Reuters uno dei manifestanti, Ronan McNern. “La lotta deve continuare”. Gli organizzatori della protesta hanno conv
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disease, and other arthritis syndromes.
Pregnancy may mitigate activity in some of these syndromes as a result of the immunosuppression that also allows successful engraftment of fetal and placental tissues. These changes are discussed in detail in Chapters 4 and 5 (Immunological Functions). One example is pregnancy-induced predominance of T2 helper cells compared with cytokine-producing T1 helper cells (Keeling, 2009). Pregnancy hormones alter immune cells, for example, estrogens upregulate and androgens downregulate T-cell response, and progesterone is immunosuppressive (Cutolo, 2006; Häupl, 2008a; Robinson, 2012).
Some immune-mediated diseases may either be caused or activated as a result of previous pregnancies. To explain, fetal cells and free fetal DNA are detectable in maternal blood beginning early in pregnancy (Simpson, 2013; Sitar, 2005; Waldorf, 2008). Fetal cell microchimerism is the persistence of fetal cells in the maternal circulation and organs following pregnancy. These persistent fetal cells may stimulate autoantibodies, or they may become engrafted in maternal tissues. This raises the possibility that fetal cell microchimerism is related to the predilection of autoimmune disorders for women (Adams, 2004; Lissauer, 2009). Evidence for this includes findings of fetal stem cells engrafted in maternal tissues in women with autoimmune thyroiditis and systemic sclerosis (Jimenez, 2005; Srivatsa, 2001). Such microchimerism has also been described in women with SLE and those with rheumatoid arthritis-associated HLA alleles (Johnson, 2001; Lee, 2010; Rak, 2009a). Similarly, engrafted maternal cells may provoke autoimmune conditions in a woman’s offspring (Ye, 2012). Perhaps related, women with SLE have a 0.6 male:female offspring ratio suggesting excessive male fetal loss in these women (Aggarwal, 2013).
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Lupus is a heterogeneous autoimmune disease with a complex pathogenesis that results in ...<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>|Copyright 2006-Present by FMEA-FMECA.com. All rights reserved.
- Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA)
- Criticality Analysis (CA).
FMECA is just FMEA with Criticality Analysis. There are many different flavors
of FMEA. There are Conceptual or Functional FMEAs, Design FMEAs, and
Process FMEAs. Sometimes during a design FMEA the analysis will look at a
combination of functions and hardware. Sometimes it will include just
hardware, and sometimes the analyst will take a detailed look at the system
down to a piece-part level, especially when critical functions or hardware are
Click on these links to familiarize yourself with various FMEA acronyms and
FMEA definitions. Click here for FMEA Tips and Advice.
Why is FMEA / FMECA Important?
There are a number of reasons why this analysis technique is so valuable.
Here are just a few:
- FMEA provides a basis for identifying root failure causes and
developing effective corrective actions
- The FMEA identifies reliability/safety critical components
- It facilitates investigation of design alternatives at all stages of the
- Provides a foundation for other maintainability, safety, testability, and
FMEA / FMECA Background and History
- An offshoot of Military Procedure MIL-P-1629, titled Procedures for
Performing a Failure Mode, Effects and Criticality Analysis, dated
November 9, 1949.
- Used as a reliability evaluation technique to determine the effect of
system and equipment failures. Failures were classified according to
their impact on mission success and personnel/equipment safety.
- Formally developed and applied by NASA in the 1960’s to improve and
verify reliability of space program hardware.
- The procedures called out in MIL-STD-1629A are the most widely
accepted methods throughout the military and commercial industry.
- SAE J1739 is a prevalent FMEA standard in the automotive industry.
Hopefully, you now have a better idea of what a FMEA is and why this analysis
technique is so useful. Take a few minutes and explore some of the other
pages and resources on this site and soon, you will have a good basic
understanding of FMEA, and how your company or organization might benefit
So you may be wondering just what is a
FMEA? Failure Mode and Effects Analysis
(FMEA) or FMECA is an analysis
technique which facilitates the
identification of potential problems in the
design or process by examining the
effects of lower level failures.
Recommended actions or compensating
provisions are made to reduce the
likelihood of the problem occurring, and
mitigate the risk, if in fact, it does occur.
The FMEA team determines, by failure
mode analysis, the effect of each failure
and identifies single failure points that are
critical. It may also rank each failure
according to the criticality of a failure
effect and its probability of occurring. The
FMECA is the result of two steps:<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Krepli Çikolata Soslu Yaş Pasta TarifiKurs: PastalarMutfak: DünyaZorluk Kolay
10porsiyon
1saat
10
70
malzemeler
Krep için: 3 adet yumurta
1 su bardağı şeker
Yarım su bardağı sıvı yağ
2,5 su bardağı un
3 su bardağı süt
3 yemek kaşığı kakao
Arası için: 2 paket toz krem şanti
1,5 su bardağı soğuk süt
200 gr mascarpone yada labne peyniri
2-3 yemek kaşığı pudra şekeri
Üzeri için: Kakao
Fıstık tozu
Vişne kompostosu
Çikolata sosu için: 200 gr bitter çikolata
200 gr sıvı krema
yapılışı
- İlk olarak krep için yumurta ve şekeri derin kapta mikserle çırpın, üzerine sıvı yağ ve süt ekleyip tekrar çırpın. Son olarak un ve kakao ekleyin ve yine iyice çırpın.
- Geniş bir tavayı ısıtıp üzerine bir kepçe krep hamuru döküp altlı üstlü çevirerek kreplerin hepsini pişirin.
- Arası için 2 paket toz şantiyle 1,5 su bardağı soğuk sütü karıştırıp mikserle iyice çırpıp şanti kıvamına getirin.
- Ayrı kapta mascarpone yada labne peyniri ve pudra şekeri çırpıp, daha sonra krem şantiyle ikisini karıştırın.
- Geniş servis tabağının üstüne ilk önce krep koyup üzerine birkaç kaşık krem şanti koyup heryerine sürün.
- Bu işlemi bir kat krep bir kat krema olacak şekilde malzemeler bitene kadar yapın. Kreplerin kenar kısımları düzelterek biraz kesin.
- Üzerini süslemek için kenar kısımlarına fıstık tozu, üzerine kakao serpip vişne kompostosuyla süsleyin.
- Çikolata sos için kremayı bir tavada biraz ısıtın ama kaynatmayın, üzerine parça çikolataları ekleyip karıştırarak çikolata sosunu yapın.
- İlk sıcaklığı gittikten sonra krep pastanın üzerine döküp düzeltin ve üzerini istediğiniz gibi süsleyin.
- Afiyet olsun!<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>光物理学家 1938年3月14日生于湖南湘潭，籍贯江苏无锡。1962年毕业于北京大学物理系，1965年该系研究生毕业。1999年当选为中国科学院院士。 中国科学院物理研究所研究员，曾任该所所长。中国物理学会理事长。
对光学信息处理、光与物质相互作用作过系统研究并取得重要成果。率先在国内开展光计算研究，提出利用单个全息透镜组成的光学系统实现多种给定变换的理论并在实验上成功地实现了一些典型例证。发展了光学系统位相恢复的理论，提出一种处理有损耗系统的相位恢复的新算法。研究光脉冲在非线性介质中传播的理论，解释了光脉冲谱线的超加宽现象和超加宽的非对称性。在领导开展表面、界面、量子阱等的非线性光学的理论与实验研究，在主持开展激光法制备氧化物薄膜和研制激光分子束外延设备，在液氮温区氧化物超导材料研究等方面取得重要成果。 1989年获国家自然科学奖一等奖。2003年获国家自然科学奖二等奖。<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Sgian Dubh with hand carved Bog Oak Arisaig handle and stainless steel blade.
Made in Scotland and presented in a sturdy gift box
The Sgian Dubh originates from the Highland dagger. From the Iron Ages it developed into the Drover's knife and then Gralloch knife.
Many claim Sgian Dubh means "black knife", but it would be more accurate to say "dark knife”, a covert dagger. Originally carried and recognised in Highland martial culture. During the 18th century it would be concealed beneath clothing, today the Sgian Dubh is worn tucked into the cuff of your hose, secured in place by the flash garter.
Sign up for exclusive offers and information<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>The utility poles [pic 1] are favored perches for red-tailed hawks [pic 2] as they scan the ground for their next meal. Standing dead trees called ‘snags’ serve this function in undeveloped areas. In this field you can also spot wild carrot [pic 3], a flowering plant with a root that can be eaten when young. Wild carrot has clusters of very small white flowers that form the top of the plant. It is also called Queen Anne’s lace or bird’s nest.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>When people from different cultures collaborate, there are often communication problems, which can be exacerbated when using online platforms. A working knowledge of how different societies use context to convey meaning can help avoid misinterpretations and confusion.
Anthropologist Edward Hall refers to high context and low context communication to indicate how much speakers rely on things other than words to convey meaning. High context societies place more value than low context societies on how something is said rather than what words are used. Many online platforms rely on low context communication; it’s important to keep this in mind when using these tools to share information with a global audience.
Here are a few tactics for communicating effectively in a low context environment:
- If you have the space to write more, do: In business communications, one is taught to be direct and to the point. However, writing concisely never means sacrificing clarity for brevity. If you feel more details are necessary for your audience to understand your message, include them. This is especially important when communicating with an international audience, who will expect your writing to reflect some recognition of cultural differences.
- Create your own context: There are multiple ways technology can be used to bolster the text of your message. For instance, when making an introduction, consider using an online template that mimics the professional style of a business card. This indicates you take the meeting seriously, and also gives the presentation a sense of formality.
- Do not underestimate the power of punctuation: Punctuation helps a reader make sense of text, and is universally recognized. For instance, how many times have you received an email you weren’t sure was sarcastic or encouraging? If the author used appropriate punctuation, you wouldn’t have to guess.
As participants in a global community, the ability to predict how others perceive our messages is crucial in both professional and personal dealings. This is especially true in high context societies like those found in Asia, where the two spheres are not mutually exclusive. In her article, “The Language of Discretion,” Chinese novelist Amy Tan summarizes the differences in communication this way: “An American business executive may say, ‘Let’s make a deal,’ and the Chinese manager may [ask], ‘Is your son interested in learning about […] business?’ Each to his or her own purpose, each with his or her own linguistic path.”
Hence, the problems that can occur when communicating internationally can be avoided by remembering the following:
- High context cultures value the group over the individual and have a strong sense of tradition and history. Therefore, when communicating with individuals in these types of societies, expect a lot of group deliberation and formality. For example, messages should be circulated amongst every member of the team and rarely sound “casual.”
- Low context cultures, like the United States, prefer to limit communication to select groups of people, sharing only “necessary” information. While some may argue that social media has made all societies much more “open,” it is important to observe how members of low context cultures still attempt to separate their personal and professional lives via the use of different Twitter handles or Facebook accounts; one for coworkers, and one for close friends and family.
Recognition of these cultural differences in communication will not only improve your business relations, but also make your international connections more meaningful. Perhaps as we communicate more with our global audiences via low context technologies, we will develop a hybrid approach that benefits both types of societies.
Megan Jeffrey is a graduate student in the MCDM program at the University of Washington. She has a bachelor’s degree in journalism and public relations from Cal Poly University, San Luis Obispo. She has worked as an account assistant for Verdin Marketing Ink, a community manager for Serra Media, and as a HubPages.com columnist. Megan is currently the social media strategist for the UW School of Drama.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Ainulindalë (Lost Road)
|The Lost Road and Other Writings chapters|
The Ainulindalë is the fourth chapter of the second section of The Lost Road and Other Writings. It contains the first version of the Ainulindalë (Rúmil's work) written in the 1930s after the "The Music of the Ainur", published in The Book of Lost Tales Part One.
- See synopsis given in "The Music of the Ainur"
The narrative differences with the previous version are limited to the framework. Now Rúmil of Tol Eressëa is Rúmil of Tûn, and Eriol is named by his English name Æfwine. Rúmil is still the one who told the story to Eriol, but it is written down as a proper work.
This text follows directly the cosmological myth given in The Book of Lost Tales, but now as an independent work. Both the Sketch of the Mythology and The Quenta ommited the creation of the world, but Tolkien didn't abandone it, but composed this new version with the Lost Tale in front of him, rephrasing most of it but without summarizing, unlike the rest of the mythology.:155
Of this version, Tolkien made two manuscripts, which Christopher Tolkien names Ainulindalë A and Ainulindalë B. The first is extremely rough, full of changes at the moment of composition concerning the removal of the Lost Tales context. This only has the title The Music of the Ainur added later. The Ainulindalë B was probably made right after the previous one, being a handsome manuscript with just a few stilistic changes in the narrative. It includes the Elvish title Ainulindalë and the authorship of Rúmil, relating it with "The Gnomes Material" like The Ambarkanta and The Lhammas.:154-155
Many years later, Tolkien wrote a new version in 1946, of which only a torn page survives.
In late 1940s, Tolkien lent manuscript B to Mrs. Katherine Farrer (cf. Letter 115), which he dubbed "Flat World Version" (along with a "Round World Version"). From these derive other versions of the Ainulindalë, explained and published in Morgoth's Ring.
See also<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>California took one step closer to secession last week, with the secretary of state approving a group’s request to collect signatures in order to put the issue on the 2018 ballot.
While this is a bold move, you might feel a bit of déjà vu. Remember in 2009 when, following the election of another polarizing president, the then-governor of Texas rallied against Washington, D.C., while a crowd chanted, “Secede! Secede!” True, the Texas Nationalist Movement made no official moves, but “CalExit” is just another ill-fated response to partisan politics – right?
While it’s reasonable to expect some discontent when a state’s dominant political party loses to a divisive contender, that alone is not what motivates something as radical as secession. Instead, these movements bubble up because of a deep feeling of political disenfranchisement. And in the case of heavily populated states like Texas and California, these feelings reflect realities. To be sure, Californians and Texans are systematically underrepresented in every part of the federal government.
This issue is not exactly new. The Founders fought hard over how to design the government’s legislature. Those from small states like New Jersey wanted equal representation, while those from large states like Virginia wanted popular representation. The Founders compromised on a bicameral legislature, with two senators for each state in the Senate and congressmen apportioned by state population in the House of Representatives. Note that the Executive, too, draws on this compromise, apportioning electoral votes based on the sum of these two figures.
Consequently, the House is the linchpin that keeps the federal government popularly representative. Indeed, it is the only federal institution that counts individuals at all. How seats are divvied up is critical to ensuring the democratic legitimacy of the federal government, especially in the eyes of large states like California and Texas. Unfortunately, this is where the system has broken down.
Note that although the Constitution is silent on how to apportion seats, early Congresses routinely added representatives every 10 years to match population growth. But in 1920, because of a huge rural to urban population shift, traditional reapportionment would have caused many small-state congressmen to lose their seats. The solution? They skipped it. And when it came time to reapportion seats again in 1929, they passed the Permanent Reapportionment Act. That law essentially locks House seats at the number established by the 1910 census: 435.
This deliberate power grab meant that small-state citizens became overrepresented not just in the Senate and the Executive, as the Founders had anticipated, but in House as well. Without the ability to add new seats, the population-to-representative ratio grew increasingly lopsided over the 20th century.
Today, for instance, although California has a population about 66 times that of Wyoming, it has just 53 representatives to Wyoming’s
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There are different terms for different levels of health. This can be quite confusing as everyone is different and it may be difficult to identify what constitutes good health. The general consensus in the medical community is that there is good health or optimum health that can be achieved by a healthy diet, regular exercise and sufficient rest.
A healthy lifestyle and diet should include eating a well-balanced, nutrient-dense diet that is rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, dairy and lean meats and eggs. A healthy diet needs to include lots of fresh water soluble foods like watermelon, papaya, bananas and apples. The main source of energy in our body is derived from a protein which is found in meats, fish, nuts, eggs and vegetables. Drinking lots of water keeps the body hydrated and this helps to avoid dehydration, which is one of the biggest causes of illness. Fresh fruit and vegetables contain high amounts of water, which helps to provide a lot of energy to our body.
Exercise is an important component of a healthy lifestyle and should be an integral part of our daily food intake. Exercise helps to improve our metabolism, which burns fat and helps us feel good. Exercise also helps to prevent the onset of diseases such as cardiovascular disease.
Daily exercise is also important as this will keep us fit and healthy and helps to reduce the risk of many diseases such as heart disease, diabetes and osteoporosis. Regular exercise helps to burn excess energy which will help to prevent the onset of obesity. It also helps to improve our breathing and circulation. Daily exercise improves blood circulation throughout the body, which helps to avoid the formation of plaque, a thin film that builds up on the arteries of the body. This causes them to become obstructed, which leads to heart disease. Daily exercise helps to maintain proper body weight, so that we are not at risk of developing excess fat.
A well-balanced and healthy diet is also important for health. We need to eat a balanced amount of food and a healthy diet must include plenty of whole grains, fruits, vegetables, fresh fruit and vegetables, whole milk, eggs, meat, dairy and poultry. and lean fish. Eating a diet that consists of a wide variety of food is also important to ensure that all the nutrients are absorbed into our body. If the right amount of food is not absorbed into the body, the effects on the body are lessened.
Another important factor that contributes to our overall well being is the quality of our sleep. Sleep helps us to function properly and stay healthy and live a longer life span. Lack of sleep can lead to a range of health problems including poor immune system, depression, increased stress levels and high blood pressure. Sleep can also lead to the development of illnesses such as insomnia and heart disease.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>خبرگزاری فارس: تیم فوتبال پاری سن ژرمن شب گذشته در هفته چهارم مسابقات لیگ قهرمانان اروپا میزبان کلوب بروژ بود که به سختی با نتیجه یک بر صفر به پیروزی رسید و صعود خود را به مرحله یک هشتم قطعی کرد.
توخل، سرمربی پاری سن ژرمن بعد از این پیروزی سخت گفت: من خوشحالم. می دانستم بازی سختی داریم. تیم بلژیکی شجاع است و خیلی خوب توپ را حفظ می کند به همین خاطر ما در این بازی باید هوشیار می بودیم و توپ را از دست نمی دادیم. من تا دقیقه 65 از عملکرد تیم راضی بودم اما بعد از آن توپ های زیادی را از دست دادیم.
وی درباره مصدومیت مائورو ایکاردی زننده گل پیروزی پاریس گفت: ایکاردی به تحمل دردهایش عادت دارد. او در بازی با رئال و گالاتاسرای نیز مقاومت کرد. او بازیکن قوی ای است و به نظرم مصدومیتش جدی نیست. مائورو اکنون تحت نظر پزشکان و ما همچنان نگران او هستیم.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Rüzgardan etkilenilmemesi için 40 sporcunun katıldığı şampiyona sabah 06.00'da başladı. Zaman zaman saatte hızı 33 kilometreye ulaşan rüzgara rağmen ilk gün dalışları tamamlandı.
Kadınlarda paletsiz ip destekli kategorisinde 70 metreye dalarak Türkiye şampiyonu olan milli sporcu Şahika Ercümen ilk günün en iyi derecesini elde etti.
Ercümen, amacının ekimde yapılacak Dünya Şampiyonası'nda madalya almak ve kürsüde Türk bayrağını dalgalandırmak olduğunu söyledi.
Şampiyona, 12 Eylül'de sona erecek.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Transitano i sogni: sull'Autostrada! l'intraprendenza: in ogni vallata! piantò la Grecia: ponti e case! ville e templi blasonati! mai un crollo! chi sa perché! roma ha unito: ogni nazione! nessuna imperfezione! al Duce l'anima: greco romana! ponti ai laghi! acciaio e salute! tagliar la testa: includeva terrore! oggi? sotto un ponte: la gente muore! nelle campagne: tumori e pianti! italia bella! dove sei andata! meglio se restarvi: blasonata!
Ogni notte sogno un funerale sono distaccata: muore un parente lontano sono stanca e distante: seppellisco con calma la mia giovinezza e le speranze di felicità. liberata, aspetto soltanto l'amore assoluto. non mi scomodo più per niente di meno.
Vorrei non essere mai
entrata
in quest'abisso
la vita incombe pesante
sul mio capo
Dove gettare gli ultimi anni di vita
quando in realtà non si è vissuti affatto
D'innocente rabbia non volevo vedere
faceva meno male
fingere
e adesso sto qui a gettarmi
dentro il baratro
dove sono finita
dove posso ritrovarmi
Non posso essere diversa da come ho scoperto di essere perchè dove trovo il coraggio
di progettarmi come fossi nuova?
Troppo lontana
brilla una stella<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>AZ GÖRME, GENCİNDEN YAŞLISINA
PEK ÇOK İNSANI ETKİLEYEBİLİR
Az görme, görme bozukluğunun başka bir tanımıdır. Az görme her yaşta ortaya çıkabilir, ancak yaşlılarda, göz dejenerasyonunun başlamasıyla çok daha yaygın şekilde gözlenir. Az görme, "görüş keskinliğinde veya görüş alanında belirgin azalma" olarak tanımlanır, günlük aktivitelerin yapılmasına ciddi kısıtlamalar getirir.
Az görme belirtileri, merkezi görüş kaybı - bu durum, kişinin merkezi görüş alanında kör noktaların oluşumuyla sonuçlanır ve okuma, yazma, renkleri algılama, yüz tanıma ve netlik gerektiren tüm gündelik işlerde zorluklar çıkarır.
"Tünel görüşü" - olarak da nitelendirilen yanal görüşte azalmalar görüş alanını sınırlar. Bu tür belirtileri olan hastalar, nesnelere çarpmaksızın hareket edememeye başlarlar
Bulanık görüş - nesneler odak dışında kalabilir ve/veya belli mesafelerde ouslu görünebilirler.
Düşük gece görüşü - düşük ışık koşullarında veya geceleri görmekte zorluk çekme.
Parlak ışığa ve yansımalara hassasiyet - parlak ışıklı ortamlara alışma ve bu ortamlarda görme zorluğu çekme.
Az Görmenin Nedenleri: Yaşa Bağlı Makula Dejenerasyonu (AMD) Makula dejenerasyonu, retinanın orta kısmında yer alan makulayı etkiler. Periferik veya yanal görüşte azalma olmazken, merkezi görüşün azalması, kişinin okuma, yazma, detayları algılama (örnek: yüzleri tanıma) gibi becerilerini ciddi şekilde etkiler. AMD'nin kesin nedeni tam olarak anlaşılmamakla beraber, hastalık yaşla ilişkilendirilmiştir. Ne var ki, genetik bir yatkınlık varsa veya sigara kullanımı sözkonusuysa, AMD oluşum riski çok daha yüksektir.
Retinitis Pigmentosa (RP)
Halk arasında tavuk karası olarak da bilinen bu hastalığın ilk belirtileri, yanal görüşteki hızlı görüş kaybı ve gece görüşünde yaşanan görme zorluklarıdır. İlerleyen dönemdeki semptomlar, okumayı, yazmayı, renkli görüşü ve merkezi görüşü etkileyerek az görmeyle sonuçlanabilir. RP bir veya iki hatalı genin varlığı nedeniyle ortaya çıkar ve genetiktir.
Katarakt
Göz merceğinin üzerinde oluşan buğulu alana katarakt denir, bu durum görüntünün puslu ve bulanık olmasına neden olur. Yaşlı kişilerde daha yaygın gözlenir, reçeteli gözlüklerle, okuma sırasında ışığın arttırılmasıyla veya ameliyatla düzeltilebilir.
Glokom
Glokom, genellikle periferal ve yanal görüş alanını değiştirebilir. Glokom, gözün içinde birikerek optik sinire zarar veren basınçtır. Erken evrelerde fazla bir belirti göstermediğinden ancak düzenli göz muayeneleri glokom teşhisine yardımcı olabilir.
Diyabetik Retinopati
Diyabet hastaları etkileyen bu dejeneratif göz hastalığı, yüksek kan şekeri seviyelerinin göz arkasındaki hücrelere zarar vermesi ve kan damarlarının retinaya ihtiyaç duyduğu besin maddelerini ve oksijeni taşıyamaması sonucu ortaya çıkar. Belirtiler genellikle görüş etkilenmehye başladıktan sonra kendini gösterir ve bu aşamadan itibaren hasar kalıcı olabilir. Dolayısıyla kan şekeri seviyesinin takibi ve düzenli diyabetik göz muayenelerinin önemi son derece büyüktür.
Görme destekleri
Çevredeki engelleri farketmeye veya mesafe/derinlik algısını iyileştirmeye yönelik pek fazla görme destek cihazı bulunmamaktadır. Ancak okuma ve birtakım yakın alan işlerini kolaylaştıran destekler mevcuttur.
Büyütme/filtreleme camları - bu camlar, elleri kullanmaksızın görme desteği sağlayarak günlük aktivitelerin yapılmasına olanak verir.
Özel aydınlatma - Kontrastı arttırarak ortamın daha rahat görülmesini sağlar.
Büyüteçler - Farklı tiplerde büyüteçler vardır – elle tutulan, kendinden aydınlatmalı, cepte taşınan veya elektronik (bu ürün görülecek nesneyi TV ekranına veya monitöre yansıtmanızı, kontrastı ve renkleri ayarlamanızı sağlar).
Az görme genellikle kalıtımsal veya yaşlanmaya bağlı bir durumdur. Ancak herkesin başına gelebilir, göz hastalıkları ve belirtileri hakkında bilgi sahibi olmak, kendini< veya sevdikleriniz için göz hekimini ziyaret etmeniz gerektiğini size bildirir.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Sainte Pulchérie Fransız Lisesi 11. Sınıftan 6 öğrenci, 6 Mayıs 2023 tarihinde çocuk hakları ve yaşanan ihlaller hakkında farkındalık yaratmak, çözüm üretmek ve harekete geçirmek amacıyla Saint Michel Lisesi’nin ev sahipliğinde yapılan Çocuk Hakları etkinliğine katıldılar. Saint Michel Lisesi, Saint Joseph Lisesi ve Sainte Pulchérie Lisesinin yer aldığı toplantıda okulumuz öğrencileri Çocuk Suçluluğu konusunda sunumlar yaptılar ve katılım sertifikası almaya hak kazandılar.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Places of attraction & Historical facts
Ankasa National Park (the world’s second richest nature reserve) –
A two-in-one forest reserve, covering a total landarea of about 509 sq. Km and incorporating the former Nini-Suhien National Park. Ankasa has virgin evergreen rainforest and is the most botanically diverse forest in Ghana.
The park is often classified as the world’s second richest nature reserve and boast of rare botanical species like ‘psychosis ankasensis’ and more than 300 plant species have been logged in a single hectare. Ankasa also has a horde of mammals, including forest elephants, leopards, wildcat, African civet, bush broad fronted crocodile and chimpanzees and the bongo, which conservation experts have proposed as the great Park’s symbol.
Jomoro’s Pristine Wetlands –
There are several wetlands within the district, the major ones are the Amanzule, Domunli and the Abby wetlands located near Benyin, Old Kabenlasuazo and Jaway Wharf respectively.
The Amanzule wetland in particular, has a great national importance as Ghana’s largest intact swamp peat forest; it is the only forest in Ghana whose vegetation encompasses mangrove, raffia palm, coconut palm and swamp peat.
It is also a home to a wide variety of wildlife, including monkeys, crocodiles, marine turtles and birds.
Nzulezo (the village on stilts) –
it is over 500 years old village and home to about 450 natives who are predominantly farmers; they live a traditional life which adapts to delicate watery environments in which all houses are built with raffia palm, erected to suspend on stilts on the Amansuri Lake.
What makes Nzulezo exciting is that, it is self-sufficient in many ways and has its own primary schools, churches, shops, a walkway (streets and alleys) and even a couple of motels.
The Meandah Nature Trail –
Home to the Meadah Crocodile Pond which is habitat for some Long snout, Dwarf and Nile crocodile; the Ebonloa Bird Sanctuary and Ebonloa’s intriguing Local Gin Distilleries.
The Apollonia Fort –
It is the very last English Fort in the Gold Coast. It is located on the beaches of Benyin and was built by the English Committee of Merchants from 1768 to 1770 following and invitation from Chief Amenihyia.
The fort took its name from a Portuguese explorer who first sighted the area supposedly on St. Appollonia’s Day. The English gave up the fort in 1819, soon after the abolition of the slave up the fort in 1819, soon after the abolition of the slave trade, transferring ownership to the Dutch in 1868.
The Dutch rechristened the fort after their king, Willem III and held it until 1872.
The Osagyefo Barge –
Conceived as an integrated energy generation project to accelerate the development of Tano basin, the Osagyefo Barge is a dual fired power generating unit which can operate on both diesel and natural gas.
It was commissioned in 1999 and moved to present base at Effasu-Mangyea in the Jomoro District in March 2007.
When operational, the Osagyefo Barge will generate some 185 megawatts of power to supplement electricity from the Akosombo and Kpong Hydro-electric power plants as well as the Aboadze thermal power plant.
The Abby Lagoon –
This is a trans-boundary wetland important to both Ghana and la Cote d’Ivoire because of its high productivity as a medium of transport and for fishing.
It is widely believed that the lagoon has considerable stocks of the West African Manatees (Trichechus senegalensis)
Jomoro Clean Cosy Beaches –
Jomoro has 50-kilometre stretch of clean sandy beaches from Ekabaku to Newtown (Ghana’s last coastal community on its western frontier).
Most of Jomoro’s beaches have clean white sands, laced with rows of coconut trees mysteriously spared by the onslaught of the Cape Saint Paul Wilt Disease, which ravaged most of the coconut crop along Ghana’s coastal belt.
Besides their suitability for hospitality and recreation, Jomoro beaches are Ghana’s most favorable nesting habitat for marine turtles, which are of global conservation interest.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Alberto Nisman
La sua morte sta provocando nell'intero Paese reazioni che hanno portato a manifestazioni spontanee con un'aggregazione di centinaia di migliaia di persone, convocate dalle reti sociali. Lo shock ha sconvolto l'intero mondo politico, ma mentre l'opposizione ha mostrato finalmente unità di intenti nel richiedere la verità su questa torbidissima faccenda, il partito kirchnerista Fpv, Frente para la victoria, così come la Presidente, in un curioso e patetico scritto su Facebook, si sono chiesti come mai Nisman abbia interrotto le sue vacanze, la settimana scorsa, per rientrare precipitosamente a Buenos Aires e presentare le sue denunce, fatto d'altronde già abbondantemente spiegato dalla deputata del Pro Laura Alonso, amica dello scomparso, che ha sostenuto come il magistrato abbia dovuto rientrare perché avvertito sulla possibilità di venir rimosso dall'indagine di un fatto a cui ha dedicato 10 anni di lavoro. È noto infatti che la procuratrice Gils Carbò, fedele kirchnerista, abbia da tempo promosso la destituzione sistematica di giudici e magistrati che hanno indagato su scandali che coinvolgono l'attuale Presidente (ma anche suo marito, lo scomparso Presidente Kirchner) o il suo entourage.
Ieri ci doveva essere la riunione politica nella quale Nisman doveva presentare e confutare le sue tesi, ma mentre lui la voleva a porte chiuse, il Partito kirchnerista la pretendeva pubblica: la differenza risiede nel fatto che nel secondo caso non potevano essere rivelati documenti e intercettazioni che costituiscono segreto di Stato, mentre nel primo sì. Con l'ovvia mancanza, nel caso di incontro pubblico, di tutta una serie di prove inconfutabili sulle responsabilità presidenziali che avrebbero fatto decadere immediatamente la questione.
"È come se il Governo degli Stati Uniti convocasse Bin Laden per chiedere spiegazioni sulla strage delle Torri Gemelle", ha affermato la deputata Patrizia Bullrich del partito Pro, riferendosi al fatto che, nel patto raggiunto nel 2013, il Governo iraniano si
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To An Older
saying, “If You Continue Doing What You Have Been Doing, You may Keep Getting What You have Always Been Getting.“ … Well, this is unpleasant but a fact. You’re upset because of gum recession, yet you keep on with the same daily routine, utilizing same-store brand tooth pastes and mouth wash, and even relying on your dentist to solve all oral issues, you will Keep increasing the gum recession.
Why Nature’s Smile™ Is Best Alternative For Receding Gums treatment? As expected, there is a cost of Nature’s Smile™. But, the product is sold with 100% money-back guarantee; Give it a shot as there isn’t any risk at all. The choice is up to you; You should stop receding gums without expensive and painful surgical procedures. I really believe it is reasonable to give Nature’s Smile™ a try…!
Additionally, you need to have a look at your toothbrush. If this possesses hard bristles, then buy a new toothbrush with soft-bristles. Remember that, flossing and brushing your teeth must be soft. No harsh brushing, as it can damage the tiny gum tissues.
Keep in mind, “The Unhealthy bacteria Will Continue To grow … Till You Stop Them” …!
This is something people will not talk during a dinner table. Still, toxic bacterias are increasing within your mouth at the moment. As well as foul breath, and nasty taste each morning, the harmful microbes can quickly give out several health issues.
Bacteria make coatings of a sticky material called plaque on the teeth and below your gumline. So it quietly begins to depress the gums away from the teeth.
Gums will shrink, and ultimately, you start realizing gum recession.
What can stop receding gums In a natural way?
The damage will probably only worsen before you do something to prevent it. 3 things you need to do.
1. Get rid of the hazardous bacteria.
2. Keep on fighting with all the unhealthy bacteria non-stop.
3. Use a product that lowers plaque buildup
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Consider this; receding gums will get worse if uncared for, which may cause loose teeth and various other health problems.
Stimulate Gum Regrowth – Stop receding gum
Nature’s Smile™ is a COMPLETELY natural product for gum recession. For years, Nature’s Smile™ is just offered to professionals… … Now available to you!
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You can order Nature’s Smile™ by clicking the link below, Nature’s Smile™ includes a 60-day money back guarantee so there is no risk what-so-ever trying this gum regrowth product.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Doğal Yollarla Benleri Ortadan Kaldırın
Benleri ortadan kaldırmak için kullanılan bu doğal ilaçlar diğer kimyasal tedavilere kıyasla biraz daha uzun sürebilir, yine de daha önemlisi, bunların derimize zarar vermeyeceğini biliyoruz.
Cindy Crawford’un dudağının üstündekine benzeyen seksi bir bene sahip olmayı kim istemez ki? Ne yazık ki bu kadar şanslı değiliz. Hatta tam tersi cildimizdeki bazı benler veya çiller bizim için birer kabusa dönüşebiliyor.
Cindy Crawford bile benini aldırdı! Benlerden doğal olarak kurtulmak istiyorsanız, aşağıda bahsedeceğimiz bazı ev yapımı tariflerden faydalanabilirsiniz.
Benler hakkında bilmeniz gerekenler
Çoğu durumda benler veya çiller zararsızdırlar (boyut, renk veya şekil değiştirdiklerinde bir dermatoloğa danışmalısınız).
Bununla birlikte, bazen estetik açıdan sinir bozucu veya can sıkıcı olabilirler. Herkes yüzündeki benin Madonna, Marilyn Monroe ya da Scarlett Johansson’da olduğu gibi güzel göründüğünü düşünmeyebilir ve bu nedenle de ondan kurtulmak isteyebilir.
Benlere verilen tıbbi ad melanositik nevüs’tür. Benler, melanosit birikiminden (pigment ya da melanin üreten hücreler) dolayı ciltte oluşan kahverengi ya da siyah lekelerdir.
Bazı benler doğum sırasında oluşur veya ebeveynlerden miras kalır. Birçoğu 20-30 yaşları arasında ortaya çıkar ve çıkıntılı ya da düz bir görünümleri olabilir. Tüylü veya tüysüz olabilirler. Yumuşak veya sert bir dokuları olabilir.
Bazı benler kişi yaşlandıkça kendi kendilerine kaybolurlar. Benlerin gelişimine katkıda bulunan faktörler arasında şunlar bulunur:
- Hormonal dalgalanmalar
- Güneşe maruz kalma
- Genler
Bunu da okuyun:
Benlerinizi yok etmek için başvurabileceğiniz ev yapımı tarifler
Uzun süredir varlığından rahatsız olduğunuz bir beniniz varsa, dermatoloğa danışıp zararlı bir yanının olmadığını da öğrendiyseniz beninizi yok etmek için aşağıdaki ev yapımı tariflerden yararlanabilirsiniz:
Sarımsak
Sarımsak, çoğunlukla cilt rengindeki benler veya derideki çıkıntılı görünen dokular için kullanılır.
Bu sebze, pigment üretmekten sorumlu hücreleri parçalayan bazı enzimler içerir. Ayrıca benin koyu rengini açmak için de kullanabilirsiniz.
Malzemeler
- Bir diş sarımsak
- Gazlı bez
- Yapışkan bant
Nasıl uygulanır?
- Başlamadan önce, beninizin bulunduğu bölgeyi alkol ile dezenfekte edin ve çevresindeki bölgeyi korumak için biraz badem yağı veya vazelin sürün.
- Daha sonra bir diş sarımsağı ezin ve benin üzerine yerleştirin (iç kısım deriye dokunacak şekilde) ve sonra bir gazlı bezle sarın ve üzerine bant yapıştırın.
- Bütün gece bekletin ve bu işlemi bir hafta boyunca tekrarlayın. Bu talimatları izledikten sonra ben kendiliğinden düşecektir.
Soğan suyu
Soğan suyunu hazır halde satın alabilirsiniz. Evde kendiniz de hazırlayabilirsiniz. Nasıl mı? Oldukça kolay.
Malzemeler
- 1 adet soğan
Ne yapmanız gerekiyor?
- Soğanı jülyen şeritler halinde doğrayın ve mutfak robotuna koyun.
- Benin üstüne koyabileceğiniz bir çeşit macun elde edeceksiniz.
- Birkaç saat boyunca benin üzerinde bekletin.
- Benin görünüşünde değişiklik olması için en az 3 hafta gerekiyor.
- Unutmayın ki bu ev yapımı tarifi göz kapaklarınızda veya gözlerinizin yakınında kullanmamalısınız. Tahrişe neden olabilir!
Elma sirkesi
Elma sirkesi benlerin koyu rengini açar ve tıbbi prosedürleri uygulamaya gerek kalmadan onları doğal yoldan düşürebilir.
Malzemeler
- Bir çorba kaşığı elma sirkesi (10 ml)
- Bir top pamuk
Nasıl uygulanır?
- Pamuğu sirkeyle ıslatıp bene uygulayın.
- En az bir saat bekletin ve ben kaybolana kadar bu işlemi her gün tekrarlayın.
- Elma sirkesi cildinizi tahriş ederse kullanmayı bırakmalısınız.
Hint yağı (Kastor yağı)
Hint yağı sadece benlerin değil aynı zamanda ciltteki siğillerin ve diğer izlerin de ortadan kaldırılması için kullanılabilir. İşin kötüsü, bu yağı birkaç gün ya da haftalarca uygulamanız gerekebilir.
İşlemi hızlandırmak için hint yağını karbonat veya ezilmiş aspirinle bir arada kullanmanızı öneririz.
Malzemeler
- 1 çorba kaşığı hint yağı (10 ml)
- 1 adet aspirin veya 1 çorba kaşığı karbonat (10 gr) (isteğe bağlı)
Nasıl uygulanır?
- Yağı doğrudan bene sürün ve durulamayın.
- Uyandığınız zaman ve uykuya dalmadan önce bu işlemi uygulayın.
- Bu işlem en az bir ay sürer. Avantajı tamamlandığı zaman herhangi bir iz bırakmamasıdır. Aslında bu süreç o kadar etkilidir ki adeta o bölgede daha önce hiç ben olmamış gibi görünür.
Muz kabuğu
Muz kabuğu sadece benlerin doğal olarak yok edilmesine yardımcı olmakla kalmaz aynı zamanda mükemmel bir cilt nemlendiricisidir. Cilt üzerinde olumsuz reaksiyonların ortaya çıkmasına sebep olmaz.
Nasıl uygulanır?
- Muz yediğiniz zaman kabuğunu saklayın.
- Benin boyutunda küçük bir parça kesin ve iç kısmı cildinize gelecek şekilde benin üzerine yerleştirin.
- Bu işlemi her gece tekrarlayın.
- Cildinizi durulamayın.
Çay ağacı yağı
Bu yağı kullanarak benlerin düşürülmesinin iki yolu vardır:
- Pamuklu kulak temizleme çubuğunu çay ağacı yağı ile ıslatın ve bölgeye sürün.
- Çay ağacı yağının içine bir pamuk batırın, benin üzerine koyun ve daha sonra bir bandajla kapatın.
- Her ikisini de belli zamanlarda uygulamanızı öneririz. Pamuklu kulak temizleme çubuğunu sabahları ve pamuğu gece kullanmanız daha iyi olur.
Sonuçları görmek yaklaşık bir ay sürer.
Karbonat
Karbonatı tek başına da kullanabilirsiniz (hint yağı ile karıştırmadan). İçine biraz su da katabilirsiniz. Yapmanız gereken benin üzerine sürebileceğiniz macun kıvamında bir sıvı oluşturmaktır.
Durulayabilir veya beni gazlı bezle örterek bütün gece bekletebilirsiniz.
Her iki durumda da benlerin tamamen düşmesi en az 3 hafta alacaktır.
Ananas suyu
Bu meyve suyu, benlerin pigmentasyonunu azaltmaya ve onları yavaş yavaş ortadan kaldırmaya yardımcı olur. Ananas suyu satın alınabilir ya da evde bir sıkacak yardımıyla ananası sıkarak elde edilebilir.
Nasıl uygulanır?
- Bir pamuklu çubuk yardımıyla ananas suyunu bene uygulayın.
- Kurumaya bırakın ve durulamayın.
- En iyi sonucu almak istiyorsanız daha fazla sitrik asit içerdiği için taze ananas suyu kullanmanızı öneririz.
- Yeşil elma, limon ve greyfurt da iyi sonuç veren meyveler arasındadır.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>رییس سازمان بورس و اوراق بهادار گفت: سیاست سازمان بورس راه اندازی سیستم دامنه نوسان پویاست، چرا که در این سیستم حجم مبنا و دامنه نوسان نداریم بلکه دامنه نوسان طبق میزان معاملات صورت گرفته در نماد سهم تغییر خواهد کرد.
اقتصاد آنلاین- هدی بذرافشان؛ شاپور محمدی در پاسخ به سوال خبرنگار بورس اقتصاد آنلاین مبنی بر اینکه سازمان بورس چه تمهیداتی را برای افزایش رشد شاخص آن هم بدون پشتوانه اندیشیده است، گفت: در دنیا حجم مبنا نداریم و به همین علت یکی از خواسته های فعالان بازار برداشتن حجم مبنا است.
وی افزود: سیاست سازمان بورس راه اندازی سیستم دامنه نوسان پویاست از این رو در این سیستم حجم مبنا و دامنه نوسان نداریم بلکه دامنه نوسان طبق میزان معاملات صورت گرفته تغییر خواهد کند.
رییس سازمان بورس در خصوص برنامه های این سازمان جهت افزایش بهره وری و رونق بورس انرژی نیز تصریح کرد: در صورت تصویب هیات دولت تا پایان امسال نفت خام را وارد بورس انرژی خواهیم کرد؛ البته شرایط و ضوابط این لایحه تدوین و به هیات دولت تقدیم شده و منتظر انجام امور پایانی این بازگشایی هستیم.
این مقام مسئول همچنین تصریح کرد: سازمان بورس در تلاش است تا از ظرفیت گاز طبیعی نیز برای رونق بخشی بیشتر به معاملات بازار انرژی استفاده کند؛ در این زمینه نیز دستورالعمل هایی جهت ورود این محصول به بورس انرژی تدوین شده که مراحل پایانی بررسی کارشناسی را می گذراند.
محمدی با تاکید بر اینکه در خصوص برق نیز برنامه هایی جهت بهره برداری هرچه بیشتر از توان تولیدی در این حوزه در دستور کار است، خاطرنشان کرد: امیدواریم تاپایان سال جاری بتوانیم سطح معاملات برق در بورس انرژی را افزایش دهیم که همین موضوع محرک خوبی برای بورس انرژی خواهد بود.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>[ad_1]
Vaxx Populi: امیدواریم افرادی که در گروه های پرخطر هستند تا اواسط سال 2021 واکسینه شوند ، اما ویروس هنوز هم قابل انتقال است. کارشناسان پیشنهاد می کنند با احتیاط خوش بینانه به جلو حرکت کنند.
دکتر لنورا ساکسینگر ، پزشک بیماری عفونی در ادمونتون گفت: “من برنامه ریزی را شروع می کنم.” مک لین. “من سالن یا هتل را رزرو نخواهم کرد ، اما قطعاً شروع به صف بندی می کنم.” کوین ویلسون ، متخصص اپیدمیولوژی هالیفاکس ، موافق است:برنامه ریزی آن را در ذهن خود شروع کنید ، اما هنوز بلیط خریداری نکنید. “
سوال بزرگ این است چه زمانی.
در این راستا ، کارشناسان توصیه های خود را نادیده می گیرند. ساکسینجر امیدوار است که تا اواسط تابستان تا اواخر تابستان “اکثر افراد مسنی که بیشترین خطر را دارند ، واکسینه شوند ، مگر اینکه اتفاق غیر منتظره ای رخ دهد.” سپس وی یک نکته مهم را اضافه می کند: اتفاق بیفتد یا رخ دهد—- این همه در سال 2020 بود. ”
مرتبط: سویه جدیدی از COVID-19 وجود دارد. آیا واکسن ها علیه آن مثر هستند؟
دکتر رابین لی ، اپیدمیولوژیست بیماری های عفونی در تورنتو ، تمایل بیشتری نشان می دهد. “من واقعاً قصد ندارم برای این تابستان برنامه ریزی کنم ، متأسفانه ، به ویژه برای افراد آسیب پذیر ، “مانند یک پدر و مادر یا پدربزرگ در رده پر خطر وی خاطرنشان کرد که در حالی که آنها باید واکسینه شوند ، “این بدان معنا نیست که همه افراد در خانواده خود به این ویروس مبتلا می شوند. هنوز این خطر وجود دارد. [in] در گروههای بزرگ اجتماع کنید. “این به این دلیل است که هنوز گروههای عظیمی از افراد واکسینه نشده اند که تابستان یا اوایل پاییز واکسینه نشده اند ، زمانی که هوا برای چنین اجتماعات بهتر است. و اگرچه کسانی که واکسینه شده اند تا حد زیادی از COVID-19 محافظت نمی شوند ، هیچ کس محافظت نمی کند. مشخص است که آیا واکسن های جدید باعث متوقف شدن افراد واکسینه شده نیز می شود. از شیوع COVID-19 به دیگران. محققان در حال تلاش برای پاسخ به این سال هستند.
او به من می گوید: “من دوست دارم اشتباه کنم.” “این یک برنامه واکسیناسیون بسیار بزرگ است که دارای قطعات متحرک زیادی است.”
ویلسون همچنین در تعیین زمان مشخص برای یک مهمانی بزرگ خانوادگی محتاط است. “این یک بیماری همه گیر است و برنامه ریزی برای آینده ممکن است هنوز برای مدتی دشوار باشد ، زیرا در ماه مارس گذشته می توانید سفر لغو شده من به اسکاتلند را ببینید.
ساکسینگر می گوید که او برنامه ریزی “بخشی از خانواده دور هم جمع می شود تا تولدهای از دست رفته را جبران کند …”[and] مسافرت برای دیدن خانواده ای که مدتهاست دیگر ندیده ام. من فکر می کنم این بی دلیل نیست ، اما فکر نمی کنم هنوز سپرده گذاری کنم. ”
با آغاز پیچیده ترین پروژه واکسیناسیون کشور تاکنون کانادا ، مک لین هدیه مردم واکس، سریالی در حال انجام که در آن پاتریشیا تریپل بیشترین س questionsالات را درباره واکسن های جدید COVID-19 مطرح می کند. سوالی برای ما ارسال کنید که می خواهید در [email protected] پاسخ دهید. اگر در مورد سلامتی خود س questionsال خاصی دارید ، توصیه می کنیم با پزشک خانواده یا مقام بهداشت محلی در منطقه خود مشورت کنید.
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منبع: green-sky.ir<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Dmitriy Soloviev, uno dei pattinatori più importanti della Russia, stava difendendo la sua ragazza.
Poi la medaglia d’oro olimpica è stata aggredita da uomini sconosciuti ed è ora ricoverata in terapia intensiva per una grave lesione cerebrale.
“Le sue condizioni sono ancora critiche”, scrive la sua fidanzata e campionessa europea di curling Anna Sidorova.
La coppia di star è andata in un bar karaoke a Mosca quando qualcuno nella loro cerchia di amici ha chiesto a un gruppo di adolescenti se potevano prendere in prestito un accendino.
All’improvviso l’umore era minaccioso e quando Dmitriy Soloviev stava per difendere la sua ragazza si diceva che fosse stato spinto a terra.
Nel caso, ha sbattuto la testa contro la porta ed è stato preso a calci violentemente.
Soloviev, che ha vinto l’oro olimpico nel pattinaggio di figura a Sochi nel 2014, l’oro ai Campionati Europei l’anno precedente ed è diventato un campione del mondo junior, è stato portato all’ospedale Botkin dove è curato dai neurologi.
“Comunicazione limitata”
Ora, la sua fidanzata Anna Sidorova, giocatrice della nazionale a rete con due ori agli Europei e cinque ai Mondiali, scrive di aver fatto una TAC (radiografia molto dettagliata) e che Soloviev ha avuto un’emorragia cerebrale.
È intensamente curato per il gocciolamento.
“Il contatto con lui è molto
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牌银牌“进奉”之风》，《考古》一九八四年第2期。 10.《略论两汉魏晋的帷帐》，《考古》1985年第5期。 11.《何文哲墓志考释—兼谈唐朝时代在中华的中亚何国人》，《考古》1988年第9期。 12.《再论两汉的玉衣》，《文物》一九九零年第10期。 13.《秘籍寺地宫金牌银牌器与文思院》，《第二届国际诀窍寺历史文化学术研究商量会故事集选集》，四川人教社，一九九二年。 14.《南宋银川与西域昭武诸国》，《河洛春秋》一九九二年第3期。 15.《略论后晋的玉璧》，《中华夏儿女民共和国考古学论丛》，科学出版社，1992年。 16.《略论汉朝礼仪用玉的接续与演变》，《文物》一九九八年第3期。 17.《略论西汉丧葬用玉的上扬与演变》，《东亚玉器》，Hong Kong中文高校中华夏族民共和国考古艺术商讨宗旨，一九九八年。 18.《论玉文化在西晋的接轨和进步》，《海峡两岸古玉学会商量文专辑•Ⅱ》，江苏高校理高校地质科学系印行，二〇〇一年。 19.《玉德理论初探》，《中中原人民共和国玉文化玉学论丛续编》，紫禁城出版社，贰零零零年。 20.《论墨家与中华夏儿女民共和国玉文化》，《燕京学报》二〇〇三年1月新11期。 以上学术成果中，《满城汉墓打通报告》获中国社会科高校1979-一九九一年优异调查斟酌成果奖，参编的《中中原人民共和国玉器集》获1994年中夏族民共和国图书奖和1997年国家图书奖。 学术自传： 作者在上海高校学时念的是历史系，对南陈的野史最感兴趣，毕业散文的剧情也和北魏“安史之乱”有关。一九四九年高校完成学业后，先在故乡中学教四年历史。1953年调入山西师范高校历史系，前后相继任教授、教师，所讲的教程是中中原人民共和国通史。 1957年自家报名考试中国科高校考古研商所（后属中国社科院）副博士学士，蒙录取后，于1956年七月来考古所。1958年起任助研，一九七八年起任副研究员商员，一九八一年起任切磋员。 从1960年始发，笔者在奥兰多唐城队从事田野考古专门的学问。先是开掘唐大明宫麟德殿遗址，后又开掘唐长安城内的兴庆宫和西市遗址。依据所总管的布局，在开挖西市遗址中间，大家还选拔晚间和节日的小时，收拾桃园钻探室一九五四至1963年间清理、发掘的一堆北宋墓资料，并由开采队分子集体编写那批墓葬资料的告诉，小编担当报告的主要编辑。那是作者第三次编写考古学专刊，专刊的名号为《纽伦堡蜀山区西汉墓》，于1970年由科学出版社出版，是首先部成批的大顺墓报告。通过编写制定报告，熟识南陈的文物资料，对增进原野职业的水准是非常便利的。 西楚的金牌银牌器创造业十二分发达，作为专司东汉考古职业的钻研人士，对出土的西夏金牌银牌器举办研商也是必不可缺的，同有的时候候自身对金银器也可能有意思味；因此从上世纪60年间起头，笔者根据出土的金牌银牌器资料，并构成文献记载，写了风度翩翩部分关于汉朝金银器的杂谈。 壹玖陆陆年打井满城汉墓后，作者的钻研领域具备改动，从钻探西汉考古转为斟酌西魏考古。又因满城汉墓出土超多玉器，极其是率先次发掘保存完好的金缕玉衣，我觉着很值得商量，由此研讨的机要对象也由清代金牌银牌器换为南齐玉器。从上世纪80年间以往，笔者用超多的时间和精力商量玉器，公布了多篇有关西魏玉器和玉文化的小说。 通过几十年的劳作和应用切磋试行，有两茶食体面会。第风流浪漫，作为考古工小编，商讨职业应与原野发现工作细致结合，对发掘出土的材质，除及时编写发现报告外，还要进行力所能致的商量，以提凌驾土资料的文物价值和野史价值。第二，从事历史时期的考古学商量，除了器重基于考古发掘出土的资料外，还要充裕结合文献记载，进行剖释、论证，使考古资料与文献记载相互验证，酌盈剂虚。当然，有个别考古发掘还是可以够填补文献记载的不足。举个例子，关于孙吴玉衣的切切实实形制，在《汉书》、《北魏书》等历史文献中缺乏记载，满城汉墓出土两套保存完整的金缕玉衣，使我们先是次看到了北齐玉衣的真相，解开了长期存在的玉衣之谜。那也足以说是考古专门的学问的魔力所在。
编著：卢兆荫
主编：蔡毅强
满城汉墓：金缕玉衣七十载
出版社：中夏族民共和国社科出版社
“满城汉墓的刘胜金缕玉衣之所以独步天下，不但因为它是率首发掘、保存完好的金缕玉衣，并且它是比照人的体型做的，形体肥大，突起的胃部、屁股概况都做了出去。”
出版时间：二零一八年五月
记者/艾江涛
版次：1
印制时间：二零一八年八月
满城1号汉墓出土的张家口靖王刘胜金缕玉衣
印次：1
新岁后的国家博物院人工新生儿窒息如故涌动，展览馆中最吸引人的有的，是年前即进行的“汉室威严：回顾满城汉墓考古发现50周年特别交易会”。从进入展览大厅即映器重帘的错金铜博山炉，到压轴出场的永州靖王刘胜金缕玉衣，来自云南博物馆的149套722件文物，将大家完全带入了元代盛世的场景，也让越来越多人询问了50年前这一次非同一般的考古开采。
ISBN：9787520318402
进展剩余94%
内容简要介绍：
壹玖柒零年，在浙江满城国防施工中竟然发现的尼科西亚靖王刘胜与皇后窦绾墓葬，作为少数未被偷掘的古代诸侯级大墓，共出土文物1万多件，是极其非常时代极为高贵的关键考古开采。考古学家夏鼐曾如此评价满城汉墓：“新中夏族民共和国创建的话，国内明代文物考古的完成主要有三：风姿洒脱、浙江布Rees托马王堆汉墓；二、广西满城汉墓；三、辽宁南安陵。而以满城汉墓出土文物最全，精美文物最多而著称。在数以千计的汉墓中，唯满城为岩墓。”
本书是卢兆荫为从事汉唐考古工作60年所辑，均为小编依据考古开采资料并给合文献记载进行切磋的学术杂文，内容包罗考古与历史、玉器与玉文化、南齐金银器三大地点。卢先生本来就有玖拾叁虚岁大寿，此书也是他终身致力考古职业的计算。
进行当天，现场最振撼的人大概要数当年考古队的根本成员、已快九十三岁的卢兆荫。当年满城汉墓打井时，中国社会中国科学技术大学学尚无创设，四十二岁的卢兆荫依旧法学社科部考古所的一名切磋人口。本刊媒体人到她家庭搜聚，卢兆荫老人张开壹玖柒陆年问世的《满城汉墓开掘报告》，对在那之中每件文物胸有定见。半个世纪过去，对满城的回忆仍旧清晰如初：“大家开掘的时候根本没路，1992年满城汉墓门户开放后，以后小车能一向开到陵山地点……”
目录
非同小可年份的考古
秦汉玉器与玉器加工工艺
满城汉墓的开掘，始于解放军4749军旅在满城1.5海里外陵山上的二次国防施工。据那时候河南省考古职业队成员郑绍宗的笔录：1967年11月二十七日，夜晚11时许，驻满城县某些机械连在陵山峰顶东坡“跑马道”西侧施工。上等兵小胡带领12班打凿山洞，在向南深刻到24米处时，倏然塌下生龙活虎洞。
秦、汉朝玉器概述
新生意识，表露的洞口，正是刘胜墓南耳室的后生可畏角。卢兆荫告诉本身：“坑道工事刚好打到离南耳室最南面唯有1米多的地点，假若再向西挪1米，恐怕这几个墓以后也不自然能开掘。”
略论两汉魏晋的帷帐
精兵们发轫试图往里填石块，结果扔下去不菲，依旧不能够填满，于是将洞口砸成直径1米多的大洞，多少个胆子大的大兵带着长手电筒爬进去看，结果发掘中间超大，在分流的桃红和瓦片中有为数不少事物。他们发觉到，那有异常的大希望是一个古墓。
承先启后的西夏魏晋南北朝玉器
回头来看，满城汉墓能打响开采，完全部都以多个偶发。1967年，已然是“无产阶级文化大革命局动”周全在这里以前后的第4个新春。卢兆荫回忆，自个儿所在的考古所工作专业已圆满截至，每一天都在开会研究学习，怎样开展“文革”。“考古这时候属于‘四旧’，紫禁城都派了大军步向爱戴。”卢兆荫说。
略论明清礼仪用玉的继续与进步
幸运的是，战士们对此番开采极度珍惜，十分的快逐级上报到部队司令部，并通过湖南省革委会举报大旨办公厅。据时任中科院厅长郭鼎堂秘书伍廷芳的追思，3月16日在人大会堂招待坦桑尼（sāng ní）亚管辖的周总理在晚上的集会间隙将那事报告了郭文豹，并愿意她能基本本次考古发掘。接到总理的提示，郭文豹第二天中午便派秘书到考古所掌握情状。当天深夜，郭鼎堂获得了考古所推荐的三人名单：王仲殊、卢兆荫、张子明。不久，周总理便批复了郭尚武的考古开采意见。心细如发的周恩来（Zhou Enlai）同期附了意气风发封写给香水之都军区代元帅郑维山和副政委陈先瑞的亲笔信，要她们增派办理。
西楚贵族妇女心爱的玉佩——玉舞人
五月十日，考古队离开新加坡，正式迈入满城。那差不离是卢兆荫所经历的等级最高的三回考古职务，也是在足够混乱而非常的年份的无助之举。“巴黎军区派一个参照他事他说加以考察陪我们去。先坐轻轨到西宁，吉林省军区主管、驻军领导、革委会老董接到大家后，由台湾省军区派军车送大家去满城。”
略论后汉的玉璧
不过，生机勃勃到满城，那支宗旨派来的考古队依然相当的慢就感受到了不安氛围。本地的争夺已非常的厉害。“路两边都以暗堡，到了晚间，枪炮声就和二〇二〇年新禧佳节夜间放鞭炮同样。”卢兆荫说，为了确认保证考古开采的顺遂举办，考古队就驻扎在工程部的司令部，每日往返四趟都由军车接送。与日常考古进度不一样的是，本次考古不可能聘用本地民工，一切后勤工作均由军队担任。
玉觿与形玉佩
11月12日，卢兆荫第三回步入墓洞。海拔200米的陵山，是海坨山脉东麓过渡到平原地带的一个单身山丘。由于墓地位于陵江苏坡，为了节省时间，我们遗弃了南部一条较为平缓的东魏古道，选拔从东青云山坡爬上爬下。同有时间为了尽或许保障墓中原有的热度、湿度，考古队仍旧选取从间距墓底3米多高的洞口，沿着刚搭设的梯子进入墓中。
试论两汉的玉衣
再论两汉的玉衣
满城2号汉墓出土的铜白虎衔环杯
略论隋朝丧葬用玉的演化与衍生和变化
“生机勃勃进来，里头阴冷潮湿，我们测了弹指间，湿度百分之百，完全饱和了。洞壁上生龙活虎度产生钟乳石，风姿罗曼蒂克层大器晚成层的水印都看得很驾驭。”墓洞外仍旧正阳的炎暑天气，从山下爬到洞口，考古队员们一再接踵而至，由于惦记温差太大肉体难以承当，他们往往在洞口停歇一下，等汗干了再进洞。在洞里穿着棉大衣工作叁个多钟头，便要出去晒晒太阳，不然棉大衣比异常快就湿了。
简论秦代孙吴玉器
在玉石白的墓洞里，首先要缓慢解决的是照明难点。考古队员请解放军拉来1千伏安的碘钨灯，以便照相绘图。墓洞非常的大，卢兆荫他们进去的时候，后期达到的安徽省考古工作队的两位成员已对南北耳室及墓道、中室进行了开班理清。长16.3米、宽3米多的南耳室分明是墓主人的车马房，放置着4辆车，还也会有为数不菲杀掉的马儿，此外两辆车是因为放置不下，只能放在甬道中。稍大学一年级部分的北耳室则是储量丰盛的旅舍，放置着大批量陶器。位于甬道和后室之间的中室，则是墓主人宴请宾客的大厅，有大量青铜酒壶与日常生活用品。依据先前时代考古队员的叙说，结合地上残存的瓦片印迹，卢兆荫等人判定，墓洞中的南北耳室和中室，在建设成时都有木头建筑的屋顶。整个墓葬，是大器晚成座不可不扣的地下皇城。
有关南通天平山楚王墓玉器的多少难点
乘胜发现职业的开展，墓主人之
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miss would be the ability to ask Google. My phone occasionally dies while I am out and about, and that’s the time when I come up with millions of questions for Google. Access to the Internet gives me a sense of security and knowledge. With Google, I can know everything about anything. Without it, I feel inadequate, hindered and less informed.
I shared my story. Now share with us how your daily life would change without access to the Internet. Would you totally collapse and cry? Hide in your room all day? Or simply go about your day like nothing has changed, happy to live in a pre-digital age? I look forward to seeing your responses.
Remember, like always, keep sharing and keep caring.
PS: If you have any questions about the tech I use and how I use it with IFTTT, just ask :-)
You must be a registered user to add a comment. If you've already registered, sign in. Otherwise, register and sign in.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>In 2006 a new report from the United Nations produced figures showing that the world's richest two percent of adults owned more than half the global wealth, while half the world's population own only one percent. Inequality has been increasing, particularly over the last decade, with the rich getting richer, the mega rich getting richer quicker than the rich, and the poor getting even poorer, with the number of people living on less than $2 a day increasing.
The actual wealth of capitalists around the globe is difficult to calculate, as much is hidden from view. This is often done by slick accounting, but also through secret bank accounts, with the bank fronting investments and deals. Switzerland is historically famous for this, but over the years has been joined by other countries, most recently Abu Dhabi, who last year set up a new bank precisely for the purpose of enabling the mega rich to invest and hide their wealth. Nonetheless, we can still get some indication of their wealth by looking at individual investments. In 2007 the World Wealth Report has estimated the total wealth of rich individuals at $37.2 trillion. This is a staggering amount, and difficult to get your head around. But think of it this way: the old Wembley Stadium football ground held 100,000 people; to reach just one trillion you would need 10 million stadiums!
At the other end of the scale the World Development Report has indicated that some 1.2 billion people (1/5 of humanity) are living in poverty. But increasingly inequality is not confined to those living with disease, malnutrition or imminent death from stark poverty; inequality is growing across the globe, in developed countries such as Sweden, Denmark, the UK and the United States, where there is a steadily increasing gap between the rich and the rest of us.
This UN report lays out several causes that socialists would agree with, such as inequality resulting from "lower unionisation and dilution of the wage bargaining power of trade unions"; but we are unlikely to hear that analysis reported in the capitalist media.
So how do the wealthy use their ill gotten gains? Of the wealth we can find out about, there are two main areas in which it is spent: financial investment and private consumption. This investment can be divided into four areas: real estate (commercial and residential property), cash deposits (in bank accounts we can see), equities (stocks and shares), and what is called ‘alternatives' (things like hedge funds). In 2006, of the $37.2 trillion of private investment, 24% went on real estate, 14% was in cash deposits; equities were split between 21% in bonds giving a fixed income and 31% in shares; the remaining 10% went on alternatives.
The actual division between these four areas of investment might appear to mean little to us directly; but the power of these capitalists to move their money around does affect our lives enormously. Because capitalists are only interested in profit and not people, they move these trillions of dollars from one area to another and from one country to another, ever looking for the biggest profit. This movement of capital, or capital flows, devastates communities, ruins lives and subjects economies to the whim of the gambling table. The figure of 24% for real estate investment in 2006, had, for example, jumped from 16% in previous years. This was the rich moving money from other areas, thus fueling the rise in house prices during the 2004/06 period and creating shortages of investment in other areas.
Super luxury goods
The other use the wealthy put their money to is for their own private consumption. Over the past ten years the market for super luxury goods and services has been expanding at an exponential rate, reflecting the increasing amount of money flowing to the rich. Items such as a plasma TV, with a screen size of 142 inches and a price tag of $87,500, or the new Natalia SLS-2 motor car from DiMora, which retails at $2 million are just a few of their playthings.
Last year the Wall Street Journal undertook a survey of 198 people who were worth more than $10 million - this is small change compared to the really wealthy, but the report begins to give us an insight into their lifestyle. Yacht rentals topped the bill at an average of $384,000 per year, followed by villa rentals at $106,000, and at the very bottom of their shopping list was summer entertaining, which came in at a lowly $56,000. Yet these people are mere paupers compared to the richest 5% in the world!
Forbes provides us with a list of all the world's billionaire capitalists. The list is long, but not surprisingly, is headed by Bill Gates, whose current estimated personal wealth is around $56 billion. Someone made the calculation that from Microsoft's foundation in 1975 to 1998, presuming that Bill worked 14 hours a day every working day of those years, his wealth meant that he was earning a staggering million dollars per hour, or around $300 per second. Like the other mega rich individuals, his actual expenditure is often a closed secret. However, the Gates' principal residence, a large mansion, which occupies 50,000 square feet (with garage and outbuildings occupying an additional 16,000) and has a total assessed value of the property estimated at $125 million, with an annual property tax of $990,000, was widely publicised.
This personal expenditure of the wealthy is grotesque when we consider the stark poverty of billions of people across the world, and the continual demands of capitalists for workers to make sacrifices for the ‘good of the economy' by holding down wage increases below the rate of inflation. Nevertheless, compared to their total wealth, the mega rich's personal expenditure is only the surface appearance of their deeper impact and control on society. In addition to the devastation caused by capital flows, it is their purchase of political power that wealth buys which exposes the nature of the society we live in. In the UK we recently had the pantomime of the ‘cash for peerages' scandal; this is only the tip of the molehill, reflecting the influence of the wealthy on the two main political parties in Britain. This is illustrated by the funding of New Labour politicians by the wealthy. A well known case was the £7 million raised by Lord Levy from wealthy backers for Tony Blair's private office prior to the 1997 general election.
In the US the influence of the wealthy on elections is more obvious; it is often paraded as a virtue by the right wing capitalist media. The money that finances political campaigns in the United States has tremendous influence on who runs for office, how that person campaigns, and if elected, what policies that person supports. In a presidential campaign a single 30-second TV advertisement can cost $100,000. According to the Centre for Responsive Politics, the election of an average single seat of the House of Representatives costs $840,000.
Because of popular pressure at this obvious buying of political power, even Congress has been forced to pass a law designed to limit campaign contributions. Needless to say, wealthy contributors have always found convenient "loopholes" left in such laws, and thus, funding from the wealthy continues to influence campaigns. In the 2000 cycle of elections, the Democrats raised $219,343,172 in what is known as ‘soft money' (that is, outside the restrictions); while Republicans collected $243,780,583 in unregulated funds. The money for election campaigns continue to come primarily from donations from wealthy backers who demand that the candidates be pro-capitalist and that they support policies that further the interests of their patrons.
In 2006 George Bush and the Republicans supported the repeal of the US style of death duty, known as an estate tax. In reality this is a tax which only the very rich pay, while the remainder of Americans (about 99.7 percent of the population) are not rich enough to be affected by it. But the super-rich used the media and the Republican Party to present the continuation of estate tax as a threat to small businesses and farms. The story of people having to sell the family farm to pay the tax was peddled in the capitalist media. It was then revealed by a report from a watchdog body, the Public Citizen and United for a Fair Economy, that more than eighteen wealthy families, including the Walton family of Wal-Mart fame, had used their influence and spent millions of dollars to push for the repeal of the estate tax.
In the 19th century Karl Marx used his analysis of capitalism to illustrate that the development of capitalism would lead to ever greater accumulation by the rich, with the poor getting poorer. In countries like the UK, Europe or the United States most of us have a roof over our heads, but it can be a precarious existence. Unemployment, continual cuts in public services, and a relative decline in wage levels, mortgage or rent increases pose an ever present threat to working people. Often living standards are only maintained by working longer and longer hours. If we compare this situation to the actual total wealth in the world, we see that Marx was not far wrong. The statistics and figures looked at in this article speak for themselves. It is up to socialists in the labour and trade union movement to work to expose capitalism for what it is and fight for a better future.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Deutsche Oper am Rhein
Deutsche Oper am Rhein (DOR), Kuzey Ren-Vestfalya eyâletinin başkenti olan Düsseldorf'ta bulunan opera evi. Kurumun Düsseldorf'taki sahnesi dışında Duisburg'da da bir sahnesi bulunmaktadır. A kategorisinde bir repertuvar operası olan DOR, senede ortalama 40 opera sahneleme ve 95 hazır prodüksiyon bulundurma özelliğiyle Avrupa'nın önde gelen opera evlerindendir. İlk faaliyetlerine 1887'de başlamış, savaş yıllarında yaşanan kesintilerden sonra 1955'te Deutsche Oper am Rhein adını almış, 22 Nisan 1956'da Düsseldorf sahnesi ilk kez 1342 seyirci kapasitesine kavuşmuştur. Genel sanat yönetmeni Prof.Tobias Richter 1996'dan bu yana görevdedir.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>In the story, "The Gift of the Magi" by O. Henry, I believe the theme was, sacrificing what you take great pride in is not always the best choice. It is not how much or what the gift is, it is what the meaning behind the gift is.
Della and Jim are a married couple. The author wrote, "There were two possessions of the James Dillingham Youngs in which they both took mighty pride in." This proves Della and Jim are married. They are a very poor and selfless couple. Della only had one dollar and eighty-seven cents to buy Jim a Christmas present; and Jim had to sell his watch, to buy Della combs for her hair. I believe they were selfless because they were more worried about buying each other gifts, instead of saving their money or possessions they prized most. They only receive twenty dollars a week, which Jim worked for. This helps conclude that Della is a homemaker and Jim is employed. .
Della was proud of her pretty hair. The author states, "Had the Queen of Sheba lived in the flat across the airshaft, Della would have let her hair hang out the window to dry just to depreciate Her Majesty's jewels and gifts." Della also took great pride in her appearance. She always worried about if Jim would still think she was pretty after she cut her hair. Della said, "Please God, make him think I am still pretty." She was worried to death about what Jim would think of her hair. .
Jim took great pride in his watch because it was his father's and grandfather's. When Jim walks in to find that Della has cut her hair, he says, "You've cut off your hair." He wasn't upset, just surprised. He was cautious to what he said. Jim reacted calm when he saw Della's hair so she wouldn't be upset that he was shocked.
I believe this was the main theme because both Jim and Della sold their most prized possessions because they did not have enough money to buy each other a gift. When they found out each other sold their most prized possessions, they were shocked because they bought each other gifts with the money from their possessions.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>道奇队新闻：NL全明星建议LA在反对的投手上使用阴暗的战术
在过去的星期日对阵马林鱼队的道奇队比赛应该是NL Cy Young Front Runner Sandy Alcantara的展示。洛杉矶派出新秀瑞安·佩皮奥特（Ryan Pepiot）来反击阿尔坎塔拉（Alcantara），但两个投篮者在道奇体育场（Dodger Stadium）的角色逆转。
阿尔坎塔拉（Alcantara）在上一次八月的开局中又又获得了七局，这绝对被道奇队的击球命令所震撼。接球手威尔·史密斯（Will Smith）在第一场比赛中镀了穆基·贝茨（Mookie Betts），科迪·贝林格（Cody Bellinger）与乔伊·加洛（Joey Gallo）在基地的第17个赛季朗姆酒中打了他。洛杉矶在第三局中以最大的Muncy RBI单打和第四次大战Alcantara的优势增加了领先优势。
对于正确的人来说，这是他在2022赛季最短的郊游。道奇队迫使他投掷89个球，并在他身上进球，任何其他球队本赛季都在一场比赛中获得了更多的成绩。损失后，马林鱼队的王牌不知所措，试图解释洛杉矶是如何找到他的，但似乎在道奇队的侦察练习中拍摄了薄薄的镜头（通过la times＆apos＆apos; dylan hernandez的行情）。＆＃xa0;
Alcantara没有使用“ C”字，但他的陈述可以被解释为洛杉矶不公平地利用可用的技术来获得最佳的对手击球手。
对阿尔坎塔拉（Alcantara）的好消息是，当洛杉矶本周晚些时候洛杉矶前往迈阿密（Miami）进行四场比赛。<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Mercedes Bresso del Pd ha scelto Asterix per la sua immagine del profilo
Matteo Renzi, sindaco di Firenze e leader dei cosiddetti "rottamatori del Pd" ha preferito "Holly e Benji"
L'iniziativa è anche un invito a nozze per gli amanti della satira
Dario Franceschini (Pd) ha scelto Daffy Duck
Robin Hood è la scelta di Antonio Di Pietro
L'esponente che si avvicina di più al gioco è - forse involantariamente - Ignazio La Russa<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Quantum breakthrough as satellite ‘calls’ Earth from orbit
- Scientists in China used ‘quantum satellite’ to send entangled photons 1,200 km
- The satellite produces entangled photon pairs which form an encryption key
- These photons will theoretically remain linked over great distances
- This means that any attempts to listen in will be detected on the other side
By Cheyenne MacDonald
In a major breakthrough for quantum teleportation, scientists in China have successfully transmitted entangled photons farther than ever before, achieving a distance of more than 1,200 km (745 miles) between suborbital space and Earth.
Entangled photons theoretically maintain their link across any distance, and have potential to revolutionize secure communications – but, scientists have previously only managed to maintain the bond for about 100 km (62 miles).
Using the ‘quantum satellite’ Micius, the scientists were able to communicate with three ground stations in China, each more than 1,000 km (621 miles) apart.
The 1,300 pound craft satellite is equipped with a laser beam, which the scientists subjected to a beam splitter.
This gave the beam two distinct polarized states.
One of these beams was then used to transmit entangled particles, and the other used to receive the photons.
Pairs of entangled photons fired to ground stations can then form a ‘secret key.’
Theoretically, any attempts to breach this type of communication would be easily detectable.
The satellite launched from Jiuquan Satellite launch Center last year, and the new findings mark a promising step forward in the two-year mission prove successful, which could be followed by a fleet of others if all goes well, according to Nature.
To overcome the complications of long-distance quantum entanglement, scientists often break the line of transmission up, creating smaller segments that can then repeatedly swap, purify, and store the information along the optical fiber, according to the American Association for the Advancement of Science.
Or, as in this case, they can use lasers and satellites.
What is quantum Entanglement?In quantum physics, entangled particles remain connected so that actions performed by one affects the behaviour of the other, even if they are separated by huge distances.This means if you measure, ‘up’ for the spin of one photon from an entangled pair, the spin of the other, measured an instant later, will be ‘down’ – even if the two are on opposite sides of the world.Entanglement takes place when a part of particles interact physically. For instance, a laser beam fired through a certain type of crystal can cause individual light particles to be split into pairs of entangled photons.The theory that so riled Einstein is also referred to as ‘spooky action at a distance’. Einstein wasn’t happy with theory, because it suggested that information could travel faster than light.
The researchers sought to prove that particles can remain entangled across great distances – in this case, nearly 750 miles.
Earlier efforts to demonstrate quantum communication have shown this can be done up to just over 180 miles, and scientists hope that transmitting the photons through space will push this even farther.
When travelling through air and optical fibres, protons get scattered or absorbed, Nature explains, posing challenges to the preservation of the fragile quantum state.
But, photons can travel more smoothly through space.
Achieving quantum communication at such distances would enable the creation of secure worldwide communications networks, allowing two parties to communicate using a shared encryption key.
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های که شرایط با نیازهای ویژه آموزشی مشتق شده است و پناهجویان توجه بنابراین خاص. آموزش خصوصی کمیاب، مشکلات تحرک، اجتماعی، صنعتی و کمیاب محیط زیست طبیعی برخی از این محدودیت ها، و همچنین به عنوان پر جمعیت و با درصد بالای منطقه جمعیت خارجی و بازدید کنندگان در صنعت گردشگری است که منطقه ما را مشخص می کند.
این ضعف زمینه ای که ما را به دلیل شرایط استراتژیک ما مشخص می کند و در عین حال امتیازات را نیز به دست آورده، وحدت اهداف را با سایر طرح های محلی مانند پیمان آموزش و پرورش در جزایر قناری، به رهبری وزارت آموزش و پرورش دولت جزایر کانری، و پردیس تعالی Tricontinental Universidad de La Laguna .
بنابراین این پیشنهاد با هدف نه تنها به جای تمام مسیر تحقیقات بالقوه و بالفعل، اما برای تشویق پیشرفت، دهانه و پیشگامان در تولید دانش آموزشی اتفاق می افتد و انتقال اجتماعی آن است. همه جاسازی شده در یک طرح جامع گسترده تر است که آدرس یک نقشه کلی جدید از درجه کارشناسی ارشد، نیز گسترش طیف وسیعی از پیشنهادات استادان با توجه به فن آوری هوشمند جدید فاز قبل از پیشنهاد نیازهای آموزشی دکترا.
در زمان تثبیت همگرایی دانشگاهی در اروپا، ما قصد داریم برای باز کردن آن محدوده مکانی و مفهومی که شامل divergencias- اشباع در امریکا لاتین و آفریقا؛ سازگار با آن است که در جنوب شمال قناری، اتصال پل و اتصال عاطفی و فکری بین قاره؛ توجه خاص، به دلیل موقعیت جغرافیایی و تاریخی حضور استراتژیک آن، و بیان سنت منحصر به فرد از ارتباط این منطقه با قاره آفریقا و آمریکای لاتین.
Universidad de La Laguna همواره توجه ویژه ای به این وضعیت پل ارتباطات بین المللی داشته است، به گونه ای که ارتباطات با موسسات مختلف علمی و فرهنگی این ناحیه جغرافیایی در سیاست بین المللی ما به ارزش های کلیدی استراتژیک تبدیل شده است. در بخش بزرگی، به عنوان یک نتیجه از این ویژگی متمایز، مطالعات متعدد در بسیاری از زمینه های دانش، پروژه های تحقیقاتی مشترک، طیف گسترده ای از مبادلات و بسیاری از موافقت نامه های همکاری به وجود آمده است. دانشگاه، زمینه های اجتماعی و سیاسی جزایر قناری را نمی توان از پروژه سه قاره ای که Universidad de La Laguna آن را به عنوان یک محوطه دانشگاهی تعلیم می دهد، حذف شود.
کمیته علمی نیز به نیاز به ارتقاء که پیشنهاد تحصیلات تکمیلی، انعطاف پذیر و متنوع در محتوا، ویژگی های عملکرد و روش، به منظور گسترش و تغذیه از مهم طرح بین المللی نامیده می شود. به طور خاص، پرورش و تجدید روابط و منافع سنتی ما نیز در این منطقه غیر اتحادیه اروپا (یعنی که دیگر ممتاز ترویج تجارت با امریکا لاتین و آفریقا، آموزش کارشناسی ارشد و مکان های تحقیقاتی مشترک). این همه، بدون فراموش کردن کل شبکه از توافقات و قرارداد تاسیس در محیط اروپا، و قلمرو اجرایی خود. در این راستا قابل توجه است که دانشکده آموزش و پرورش از ULL است از طریق برنامه تنظیم آن را به تحرک دانش آموزان و معلمان در امان نیستند، و نه آغاز استراتژی های پژوهش و نشر مشترک با همکاران اروپایی منشاء جغرافیایی گسترده
ادغام برنامه دکتری در درون یک شبکه دکترا
Universidad de La Laguna در حال ایجاد مدرسه دکتری است که این برنامه بخشی از آن است. ایجاد آن در تاریخ 26 سپتامبر 2013 در شورای حکام تصویب شد.
مطالعات تمام وقت و پاره وقت
پیش بینی از دانش آموزان برآورد شده است که 02/03 (تقریبا 16 نفر) انجام تمام وقت، و 1/3 (تقریبا 8 نفر) پاره وقت.
تواناییها و ظرفیتهای
اساسی
- CB11 - درک سیستماتیک یک رشته تحصیلی و تسلط بر مهارت ها و روش های پژوهش مربوط به این زمینه است.
- CB12 - امکان به تصور، طراحی و یا ایجاد، اجرا و اتخاذ یک روند قابل توجهی از تحقیقات و ایجاد.
- CB13 - امکان کمک به گسترش مرزهای دانش از طریق پژوهش.
- CB14 - قابلیت انجام تجزیه و تحلیل انتقادی و ارزیابی و سنتز از ایده های جدید و پیچیده است.
- CB15 - امکان برقراری ارتباط با جامعه دانشگاهی و علمی و جامعه به طور کلی در مورد حوزه تخصصی خود را در راه و زبانهای رایج در جامعه علمی بین المللی استفاده می شود.
- CB16 - قابلیت به ترویج، در زمینه های علمی و حرفه ای، علمی، تکنولوژیکی،، پیشرفت فرهنگی یا هنری اجتماعی در یک جامعه مبتنی بر دانش است.
مهارت ها و مهارت های شخصی
- CA01 - مرور زمینه ما که در آن است اطلاعات خاص کمی وجود دارد.
- CA02 - پیدا کردن سوالات کلیدی است که باید پاسخ داده شود برای حل یک مشکل پیچیده است.
- CA03 - برای طراحی، ایجاد، توسعه و راه اندازی پروژه های جدید و نوآورانه در این زمینه آن از تجربه و تخصص.
- CA04 - کار در تجهیزات و مستقل در زمینه بین المللی و یا چند رشته ای.
- CA05 - ادغام دانش، مسئولیت رسیدگی به پیچیدگی، و تدوین و فرموله قضاوت با اطلاعات محدود.
- CA06 - نقد و دفاع از راه حل های معنوی.
مهارت های دیگر
- CG0 - کسب مهارت های اضافی پیش بینی نیست
فعالیت های آموزشی
- مشارکت در سمینارها یا کارگاه آموزشی پژوهشی ..
- شرکت در کنفرانس های ملی و بین المللی:
- تهیه و انتشار گزارش های علمی
- تحرک
- دوره های روش شناختی و کتابشناختی آموزش های تخصصی
معیارهای پذیرش
معیارهای پذیرش
کاندیدای مورد نظر برای دسترسی به برنامه دکتری آموزش و پرورش باید درخواست دسترسی و پذیرش را با توجه به روش های تعیین شده توسط Universidad de La Laguna در کمیسیون عالی تحصیلی تا زمانی که مجوز ایجاد دانشکدۀ دکترا توسط انجمن Autónoma، فرایند که موافقت کرد که شورای حاکم ULL را در جلسه خود در تاریخ 26 سپتامبر 2013 برگزار کند.
کمیته علمی مسئول اجرای برنامه از ورود به متقاضیان پس از تایید که آنها از شرایط دسترسی به طور کلی ایجاد شده توسط فرمان سلطنتی 99/2011 خواهد بود، به تاریخ 28 ژانویه و مقررات آموزه رسمی از ULL است که توسعه، به عنوان آن در ماده 15 که عملکرد کمیته علمی از برنامه های دکترا فراهم میکند.
کمیته علمی از 7 استاد تشکیل خواهد شد که طبق مقررات آموزش رسمی دکترای Universidad de La Laguna در بخش های 1 و 2 ایجاد شده است:
- کمیته برنامه دکتری رسمی دانشگاهی باید از حداکثر هفت استادان و / یا محققان در آن، از جمله هماهنگ کننده علمی، که به عنوان رئيس جمهور از همان عمل است. در کمیته علمی باید یکپارچه، حداقل یک عضو از هر خط از پژوهش به عنوان برنامه دکتری، احترام به حد قبلی. در صورتی که بیش از هفت خط از تحقیقات، در پایان هر ترم وجود دارد وجود خواهد داشت تجدید کمیته علمی، پیوستن به عنوان اعضای همان، معلمان و / یا محققان خطوط که نمایندگان در حال نشده بود مدت های قبلی است. در صورت لزوم، یک سیستم چرخش انتصاب اعضای برای هر خط از تحقیق، به طوری که هر خط می کند نماینده کمیته علمی در بیش از دو دوره متوالی ندارد برقرار خواهد شد.
- اعضای کمیته دانشگاهی که از استادان و یا محققان باید همان requisitosn برای سرپرست در برنامه دکتری مربوطه مجموعه را تامین کند.
دکترا در آموزش و پرورش اعضای خواهد بود 7 به عنوان نشان داد و خواهد بود:
هماهنگ کنندهی علمی برنامه دکترا
3 نمایندگان خط پژوهش 1: پژوهش و نوآوری در آموزش و پرورش
3 نمایندگان خط 2 تحقیق: آموزش و یادگیری در مناطق خاصی از دانش
اگر تعداد ورودی بیش از مکان های ارائه شده دسترسی جدید، تخصیص، توصیه می شود در ماده 7 سلطنتی فرمان 99/2011 در تاریخ 28 ژانویه، با توجه به معیارهای زیر برای ارزیابی شایستگی ساخته شده، انتخاب
- متن کارشناسی کارشناسی یا معادل آن تایید نامزد (25٪)
- متن مدرک کارشناسی ارشد مرتبط به پژوهش از این برنامه دکتری: پژوهش و نوآوری در آموزش و پرورش و آموزش و یادگیری در مناطق خاصی از دانش (35٪).
- تجربه حرفه ای مرتبط با آموزش (10٪).
- تجربه پژوهشی (مشارکت در کنفرانس ها، انتشارات، پروژه های تحقیقاتی عضویت (10٪).
- اخذ کمک های مالی و کمک های مالی پژوهش (10٪).
- مهارت های معتبر زبان B2 یا بالاتر (ترجیحا به زبان انگلیسی) (10٪).
برنامه دانش آموزان کمک می کند با معلولیت ULL، در انطباق نشان داد در RD 99/2011، در مورد دانش آموزان با نیازهای ویژه آموزشی ناشی از معلولیت برای ارزیابی و رسیدگی به نیازهای ممکن برای لوازم جانبی برای یکپارچه سازی آموزشی و کمک خواهد کرد اجتماعی مردم در برنامه دکتری که به آن نیاز ثبت نام کرد.
در زمان پذیرش، کمیته علمی برنامه دکتری اختصاص داده شده به نامزد یک معلم دانشگاهی که دکتر استاد ULL با تجربه تحقیق ثابت شده که متعلق به برنامه دکتری است که در آن بستری شده است (ماده 9 مقررات از دکترا رسمی ULL).
معلم دانشگاهی اختصاص داده می شود وظایف و فداکاری های زیر است:
- اطمینان از سازگاری بین وظایف دانشجوی دکتری و کارگردان و گروه تحقیقاتی او.
- اطمینان از تعامل دانشجوی دکترا با کمیته علمی از برنامه دکترا.
- اطمینان از کفایت از آموزش از دانشجویان دکترا و فعالیت های تحقیقاتی با اصول برنامه و مدرسه دکترا.
- ثبت نام تعهد اسناد و فعالیت های دانشجوی دکترا.
- بررسی و ثبت نام طرح تحقیقاتی از دانشجوی دکترا.
- آماده گزارش های مورد نیاز به کمیته نظارت.
کمیته علمی برنامه دکتری می توانید، برای همه موارد، معلم دانشگاهی مدیر پایان نامه است، مگر اینکه مدیر است استاد در ULL است.
شما می توانید از انتصاب معلم دانشگاهی در هر زمان در طول دوره دکترای اجرای از یک سو تغییر دهید، پس از آن که دانشجوی دکترا شنیده و به شرطی که دلایل موجه، و از سوی دیگر مشاور پایان نامه نیز ممکن است خدمت آن استاد از چشم پوشیدن پایان نامه، اگر دلایل موجه نیز موافقم. در این مورد، کمیته علمی برنامه دکتری باید یک معلم خصوصی جدید دانشجویان دکترا ارائه شده است.
رژیم از خود گذشتگی از دانش آموزان به برنامه دکترا، شرح مقرر در ماده 7.2 از قوانین دکترا ULL رسمی، در ULL ارائه شده در اجرای ماده 2.2 از قوانین پیشرفت و تداوم در درجه رسمی خواهد شد با این تعریف تمام وقت، و از زمان ورود آن به برنامه تا زمانی که ارائه نرم افزار برای واریز از پایان نامه دکترای trascurrirá حداکثر سه سال است. سپری شده این دوره، کمیته علمی ممکن است، به درخواست از نامزد، که توسط سرپرست او، گسترش این دوره به مدت یک سال قابل تمدید در هر صورت، فوق العاده، یک سال دیگر اضافی است.
بر اساس ماده 7.3 از مقررات، فداکاری می شود پاره وقت درخواست دکترای مجوز کمیته علمی برنامه دکتری. در این مورد، آخرین مهلت برای پر کردن سپرده از پایان نامه دکترای خواهد شد حداکثر پنج سال، تجدید پذیر برای دو سال تصویب قبل از کمیته علمی به درخواست نامزد ها توسط پایان نامه خود را. این فرمت خواهد شد در هر صورت توسعه یافته، فوق العاده، یک سال دیگر اضافی است.
دانش آموزانی که مایل به مطالعه برنامه دکترا تحت موقعیت پاره وقت باید اعمال هنگام ارسال نرم افزار برای ورود به آن و یا، یک بار اعتراف کرد، هنگامی که موافق در آنها هر یک از شرایط زیر مجموعه و فعال به رسمیت شناختن به عنوان پاره وقت دانش آموزان که در ماده 7.3 از قوانین از دکترا ULL رسمی مورد نیاز است.
برای واجد شرایط به عنوان دانشجوی دکترا در انفرادی موقعیت پاره وقت، شما باید به ارائه درخواست در شیوه و در محدوده زمانی برای آن تاسیس شده است، توجیه ناتوانی در انجام این مطالعات تحت تمام وقت به دلایل فعالیت های کار، نیازهای ویژه آموزشی، نیازهای مراقبت از خانواده، ورزشکاران با عملکرد بالا و یا سطح بالا، و همچنین کسانی که در قوانین تداوم ULL یا، در صورت لزوم، در مقررات است که توسعه نگریست.
این درخواست خواهد شد قبل از دوره برای ثبت نام در مطالعات دکترای توسط کمیته علمی برنامه دکتری مربوط تاسیس حل شود. در برابر این تصمیم ممکن است درخواست تجدید نظر قبل از پیشوا در عرض یک ماه از اطلاع رسانی نمود.
هر برنامه دکتری باید حداکثر درصد دانش آموزانی که می توانید به صورت پاره وقت دکترای انجام برقرار کند. این داده ها ممکن است با مراجعه به راهنمای برنامه دانشگاهی و قبل از شروع هر سال تحصیلی تاسیس دست آمده است.
وجود موارد فوق، در طول توسعه برنامه دکترا، ممکن است تغییرات در حالت از خود گذشتگی، به شرطی که شرایط زیر درخواست:
- دانشجویان دکترا با پاره وقت فداکاری همراه برنامه دکترا شرایط که آنها را پذیرفته و به رسمیت شناخته شده به عنوان مثل به طور خودکار دانش آموزان از برنامه دکترا در تمام وقت تبدیل شد از دست ندهید. از آن لحظه، آنها سه سال قبل از ارسال نرم افزار برای سپرده از پایان نامه دکترا، ارائه آنها بیش از دو سال در شرایط دانش آموز پاره وقت منتقل می شود.
- دانشجویان دکترا که پس از آغاز مطالعات دکترای تحت یک نگاه تمام وقت در نیاز به برای وضعیت دانشجویان پاره وقت درخواست و پاسخگویی به هر گونه از الزامات بالا ذکر شد، در دسترس باشد از اعطای که وضعیت به ارائه درخواست سپرده از پایان نامه دکترا از حداکثر زمان که با هم با در حال حاضر سپری می کند 5 سال تجاوز نمی کند.
در مورد دانشجویان دکترا که رژیم فداکاری خود را در این دوره از انجام مطالعات خود (ماده 7.4 از مقررات حاکم مطالعات دکترای ULL) تغییر کرده است، یک عامل از 5/3 قرار است به مرحله از خود گذشتگی تمام وقت به پاره وقت فداکاری و 3/5 برای تغییرات پاره وقت به کامل، برای اهداف زمان محاسبات در بخش یک و سه این مقاله است.
همچنین جذب دانشجویان از کشور های دیگر توجه ویژه به کسانی که از کشورهای اروپایی و آمریکای لاتین از آن تشویق خواهد شد.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>蔡秀娟、乐山市商业银行股份有限公司柏杨西路支行、游成贵借款合同纠纷执行实施类执行裁定书
时间：2019-10-28 09:17:16
四川省乐山市市中区人民法院
执 行 裁 定 书
（2019）川1102执784号之一
申请执行人：乐山市商业银行股份有限公司柏杨西路支行。住所地：四川省乐山市市中区
代表人：万洋，行长。
委托诉讼代理人：肖斌，四川创实律师事务所律师。
委托诉讼代理人：李彧，四川创实律师事务所律师。
被执行人：游成贵，男，1971年12月29日出生，汉族，住四川省荣县。
被执行人：蔡秀娟，女，1972年10月23日出生，汉族，住四川省荣县。
申请执行人乐山市商业银行股份有限公司柏杨西路支行依据已经发生法律效力的四川省乐山市市中区人民法院（2017）川1102民初3233号民事判决书，于2019年4月23日向本院申请强制执行。根据该生效法律文书，二被执行人应偿还借款本金349926.53元及利息、罚息；支付律师费6398元；承担案件受理费10066元、公告费300元、案件执行费8771元；
本院在本案执行过程中，依法对二被执行人的财产进行了调查，除查封了登记在被执行人蔡秀娟名下川C***号富迪牌客车、川C***号江淮牌货车各一辆、被执行人游成贵名下川C***号金杯牌货车一辆外，未查到二被执行人有银行存款及其他可供执行的财产线索。因上述车辆未实际扣押，暂不能处置，经本院依法告知后，申请执行人表示也不能提供被执行人有其他可供执行的财产线索。本院已将被执行人游成贵、蔡秀娟纳入失信被执行人名单，并发出限制消费令，进行惩戒。为此，本院依照《最高人民法院关于适用<中华人民共和国民事诉讼法>的解释》第五百一十九条的规定，裁定如下:
终结本次执行程序。
申请执行人发现被执行人有可供执行财产的，可以再次申请执行。
本裁定送达后立即生效。
审判长 邓 均
审判员 樊 斌
审判员 陈 明
二〇一九年七月二十四日
书记员 钟成丽<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>鳕鱼肝油是来自鳕鱼的肝脏的脂肪油。在欧洲北部，它已被使用了几个世纪，作为预防多种疾病的一种预防性治疗方法，也是一种增强健康的方法。北欧人主要吃Gadus morhua鱼的新鲜肝脏，也就是大西洋�
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37- İnsan zihninin tarih boyunca teolojik, metafizik ve pozitif evreler olmak üzere üç aşamalı bir evrim geçirdiğini savunan sosyolog aşağıdakilerden hangisidir?
a) Herbert Spencer
b) Emile Durkheim
c) Max Weber
d) Karl Marx
e) Auguste Comte
38- Giddens’a göre, aşağıdakilerden hangisi modern öncesi dönemin güven mekanizmalarından biri değildir?
a) Yöneticilerin totaliterliği
b) Akrabalık ilişkilerinin düzenleyiciliği
c) Yerel topluluklarının varlığı/ağırlığı
d) Bugün ile geleceği birbirine bağlayan geleneğin dönüştürülebilirliği
e) Din, inanç ve ritüellerin önemli oluşu
39- Aşağıdakilerden hangisi Marksizmin kavramlarından birisi değildir?
a) Artı değer
b) Sınıf çatışması
c) Karizmatik liderlik (WEBER’in)
d) Yabancılaşma
e) Diyalektik
Cevap Anahtarı : 35)B 36)C 37)E 38)A 39)C
40-Kültürel küreselleşme, dünyanın bir bölgesinde üretilen bilgi, ürün ve imajların uluslar, bölgeler ve bireyler arasındaki kültürel farklılıkları “dümdüz etme” eğilimi taşıyan bir süreçtir. Kültürel küreselleşme, ekonomik küreselleşme ve bilgi ve iletişimin devrimiyle yakından ilişkili olup onlar bağlamında doğmuştur. Fakat kültürel küreselleşme hem homojenleşme veya kültürel benzeşme hem de kutuplaşma ve farklılık yaratan karmaşık bir süreçtir.
Buna göre aşağıdakilerden hangisi yanlış bir çıkarım olabilir?
a) Küreselleşme ve yerelleşme birbiriyle yakın hatta doğal bir biçimde
bağlantılıdır.
b) Küreselleşme karşısında insanlar yerelliklerine daha sıkı bağlanmaktadır.
c) Yerel kültürler küreselleşmeye karşı tamamen çaresizdir.
d) Küreselleşme tüm yerelleri deforme edip ‘evrensel’ bir kültür yaratmaktadır
e) Küreselleşme tüm toplumları kültürel açıdan türdeş yapmaktadır.
41-Aşağıdaki görüşlerden hangisi yapısal-işlevselci kurama uygun bir görüş değildir?
a) Bireyin davranışları toplumsal yapı ve normlarca belirlenir.
b) Toplumlar bir organizmaya benzer.
c) Toplumlar ve toplumsal kurumlar evrimsel bir değişim geçirirler.
d) Toplumdaki egemen fikirler egemen güçlerin fikirleridir
e) Toplumsal yaşamda uyum ve ahenk esastır.
42- Korku kültürü gündelik yaşam içerisinde aile dahil pek çok alanda etkisini göstermektedir. Sosyal ilişkilerdeki kopuş, bireyselleşme gündelik yaşam içerisinde ikili ilişkilerin oluşumuna negatif etki etmektedir.
Buna göre aşağıdakilerden hangisi korku kültürünün negatif etkilerinden
birisi olamaz? (Tek bir şık vardı tahmini şıklar eklenmiştir.)
a) Kadının eğitim seviyesi yükselmektedir.
b) Toplumun en çekirdek katmanı olan aile kurumunda da ‘yabancılarla dolu
bir dünyada” çocuk yetiştirmek.
c) Sosyal ilişkilerdeki kopuş
d) Bireyselleşme
Cevap Anahtarı : 40)C 41)D 42)A
43- “…………. teorisyenlerine göre, değişim normaldir. Denge ve kararlılık normal değildir.” cümlesinde boş bırakılan yere gelmesi gereken ifade aşağıdakilerden hangisidir?
a) Sembolik Etkileşim
b) Çatışma
c) İşlevselcilik
d) Pozitivizm
e) Sosyal
44- Aşağıdakilerden hangisi A. Giddens’ın yapılaşma kuramının temel öğeleri arasında yer almaz?
a) Eyleyen
b) Yapının ikiliği
c) Yapı, yapılaşma
d) Sistemin ihtiyaçları
e) Eyleme ve güç
45- Ulus-devletle ilgili aşağıdaki bilgilerden hangisi yanlıştır?
a) Osmanlı imparatorlugu, ulus-devlet modeline dayanmıyordu
b) Kan bağına dayalı ulus-devlet modeli Alman ulus-devlet modelidir.
c) Ulus-devlet milliyetçiliğin yükselişe geçmesinin bir yansımasıdır.
d) Günümüzde ulus-devletler küreselleşmenn baskısı altındadır.
e) Ulus-devletler daima tek bir etnik temele dayanırlar.
46- Aşağıdakilerden hangisi küreselleşmenin negatif etkilerinden birisi degildir?
a) Ulus-devletlerin gücü zayıflamıştır
b) Gelir dağılımında eşitsizlik yaratması
c) Küresel finans piyasaların krizlere maruz kalabilmesi
d) Yaratıcılığı ve girişimciliği geliştirmesi
e) Özel ve kamusal kaynakların dağılımında çarpıklıklara yol açması
47- Aşağıdakilerden hangisi Bourdieu nun önemli kavramları arasında yer almaz?
a. Habitus
b.Sermaye
c. Alan
d. Sınıf
e. Yapılaşma
48. Aşağıdakilerden hangisi post-pozitivist/yorumlamacı araştırma paradigmasının özelliklerinden birisi değildir?
a) evrensel yasalar
b) bilgi yorumlanır ve oluşur
c) önceden kestirilemezlik
d) öznel gerçeklik
e) katılım temelli süreçler
Cevap Anahtarı : 43)B 44)D 45)E 46)D 47)E 48)A<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>DHL یک مرکز حمل و نقل هوایی بین المللی را در فرودگاه بین المللی اوهار که واقع در غرب شیکاگو است راه اندازی کرده است. به گفته مقامات DHL این مرکز، حضور شرکت را در شیکاگو به اندازه قابل توجهی گسترش خواهد داد.DHL حدود ۲ سال به برنامه ریزی پرداخته است و امید دارد که نتیجه فوق العاده مطلوبی را دریافت کند. پیش بینی دی اچ ال بر این است که با این مرکز بتواند سهم زیادی از فعالیت های تجارت الکترونیک ایالات متحده و شیکاگو و تجارت بین المللی را از آن خود کند. همچنین امیدوار است به رشد حمل و نقل در تجارت الکترونیک کمک کند.
با سرایه گذاری DHL در این منطقه فرصت های بیشتری برای کسب و کار ایجاد می شود و در سطح بین المللی گسترش می یابد. همچنین امید است که به دنبال آن تجارت الکترونیک نیز به شکوفایی برسد. دی اچ ال معتقد است که باید با مشتریان خود رشد کند و موقعیت شیکاگو را به عنوان یک مقصد جهانی برای تجارت بین المللی گسترش دهد.
چرا DHL اوهار را انتخاب کرده است؟
- موقعیت منطقه ای ایده آل شیکاگو
DHL اوهار را انتخاب کرد تا در غرب و بر اساس موقعیت ایده آل شیکاگو، خود را گسترش دهد و با احداث یک شبکه حمل و نقل قوی و نیروی کار ماهر این کار را شروع کرده است.
مدیر عامل شرکت DHL Express ایالات متحده در مصاحبه ای تاکید کرد که مرکز جدید ما به آرامی رشد می کند و در خدمت به مشتریان به همان اندازه کارآمد خواهد بود.
DHL چه اقداماتی را انجام داده است؟
- امکان پردازش سریع بار در گمرک ایالات متحده
- افزایش ظرفیت ارسال
- احداث یک مکان ۴۹۱،۰۰۰ متر مربعی به اضافه ۵۰۰ کارمند
مرکز جدید DHL عملیات های منحصر بفردی را در گمرک ایالات متحده انجام داده است از جمله، پردازش سریعتر بار برای ورودی و خروجی های بین المللی منطقه شیکاگو و بازارهای غرب، افزایش ظرفیت DHL برای تسریع حمل و نقل بسته ها در فصل اوج کار و … . DHL قادر خواهد بود در هر ساعت ۴۵۰۰ قطعه را پردازش کند، از بسته های کوچک گرفته تا محمولات امنیتی. انتظار می رود که این مرکز ۷۵ عنوان شغل جدید را ایجاد کند.
DHL Global Facility حمل و نقل جهانی ۴۹۱،۰۰۰ متر مربع نیز در O’Hare واقع شده است. این ساختمان ۵۰۰ کارمند دارد و بزرگترین ساختمان حمل و نقل جهانی DHL در شبکه جهانی است. دیگر مکان های مبتنی بر دی اچ ال شیکاگو، در جنوب O’Hare در فرانکلین پارک، و همچنین در شمال فرودگاه Midway در McCook هستند.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Alt hesapların kendi cüzdanları yoktur; bu hesaplara ana hesap cüzdanından para eklenir. PlayStation Store'da alt hesap kullanılarak alışveriş yapılması için ana hesap sahibinin, satın alma işlemine izin vermek üzere harcama limitini değiştirmesi gerekir.
Harcama limiti satın alma işlemine izin verdiği halde satın alma yine de gerçekleştirilemiyorsa lütfen daha fazla yardım için bize ulaşın.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Meet Braille Bricks | An Experimental Project
This project might seem familiar to some of you and you’d be right! We visited Braille Bricks back in issue 2 – For Good. Learning and playing, these two things go hand in hand. But what if you could combine the two AND bridge the gap between children with and without visual impairment?
So, what is it? It is a toy for literacy and the inclusion of visually impaired children.
Braille Bricks was created by Leandro Pinheiro and Ulisses Razaboni of the Lew’Lara\TBWA agency for visually impaired children who study at the Dorina Nowill Foundation in Brazil. The design itself is inspired by another similar block we all know and love and with a few modifications you have the whole alphabet available to you at your fingertips! The simplicity of its design is what makes it work and it’s a huge improvement on what children with visual impairments currently use – a braille typewriter. One of the drawbacks of using a typewriter is you can’t erase spelling mistakes but with Braille Bricks you can just remove and replace the blocks.
Learning by playing is a whole lot more fun and what Braille Bricks appears to do well is integrating children with visual impairments with other kids. It’s currently being used to educated 300 children across a few institutions and not yet available to most children in Brazil or across the world.
They’re inviting the world to use the hashtag #BrailleBricksForAll to help encourage toy manufacturers to help turn their experimental project into a a widely available literacy tool for children worldwide.
UPDATE: On April 24, 2019 the LEGO Foundation and LEGO Group announced their support for this pioneering project that will help blind and visually impaired children learn Braille in a playful and engaging way using Braille customised LEGO® bricks. The project, LEGO Braille Bricks, was unveiled today at the Sustainable Brands Conference in Paris, France.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Modification of material surfaces
Biophysics and soft matter physics
The Design of DNA Frames by DNA Origami Technology
Keywords: DNA, Nanotechnology, DNA origami
Recommendation: This project will focus on the hottest topic in the field of DNA
Nanotechnology: DNA origami. This is a project designed for students who have background in chemistry and biology. This project is recommended for any students who are interested in the DNA nanotechnology.
Deoxyribonucleic acid ( DNA) is a long polymer made from repeating units called nucleotides. DNA is the most important materials in living organisms for carrying the genetic instructions used in the growth, development, functioning and reproduction. In living organisms, DNA usually exist as a pair of molecules that are held together by the hybridization of base pairs, so called double stand DNA. In addition to their essential functions in biology, DNA is also very attractive for materials scientists and engineers due to their unique properties. In recent years, significant progresses have been achieved in the field of DNA nanotechnology. Among them, the most notable advance is the development of DNA origami, which is a process of molecular self-folding of a long single-stranded DNA into prescribed objects (or DNA frames) by hundreds of short DNA oligonucleotides. With the help of computer, arbitrary shape of DNA frame can be designed and then experimentally realized in the laboratory. These DNA origamis are very useful for many applications including DNA robots, enzyme immobilization and drug carry capsules and so on.
The goal of this project is to ensure students have a good understanding in DNA origami, to be familiar with related DNA nanotechnology. Students will be taught the basic principle of DNA folding and how to design and characterize DNA frame with different shape. In the meantime, students will be provided with the data regarding the characterization of DNA frame. In addition, student will be encouraged to further assemble designed DNA frames into hierarchically complex structures. Students will finally be guided to write a report regarding the design of DNA frames by DNA origami.
Polymer Self-assembly toward Nano-coins
Keywords: polymer, self-assembly, mimicking nature
Recommendation: This project will focus on an attractive topic in the field of materials science: polymer self-assembly. This is a project designed for students who have background in polymer and materials science. This project is recommended for any students who are interested in polymer and polymer self-assembly.
Self-assembly is a process in which a disordered system of pre-existing components forms an organized structure as a consequence of specific, local interactions among the components themselves, without external driving force. When the constitutive components are polymers, the process is termed polymer self-assembly. The self-assembly of polymer is critically important is because the properties of polymer materials are intimately related to their hierarchically assembled structures. To develop the polymer materials with better properties, it is necessary to understand how to design polymers and how to self-assemble them into designed structures. Self-assembly is ubiquitous in nature from cell membrane to complex living organism. Using polymer to mimic the self-assembly process in nature and develop advanced materials is one of the hottest and most promising topics in the materials science.
In this project, we will focus on the fabrication of two dimensional “nano-coins” by polymer self-assembly, mimicking the thylakoid of chloroplast in nature. The goal of this project is to ensure students have a good understanding on polymer self-assembly. Students will be taught the basic principle in polymer self-assembly and how to design polymer and characterize polymer self-assembled structures. In the meantime, students will be provided with the data regarding the characterization of polymer self-assembled structures. Students will finally be guided to write a report regarding the self-assembly of two-dimensional “nano-coins”.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>There is nothing more beautiful than a wildflower, but what about them makes them so beautiful? Surely the details in them are often astounding. Long stamens, unique petals, or colorful flowers may dazzle the eyes. Alternatively, the beauty of a wildflower may be linked to its overall surrounding. We often find them perched in rocky crags, in front of mountain vistas, at the edge of our favorite pond, or along our favorite hiking trail. Each wildflower represents a detailed, wild beauty, and that beauty grows as you consider the ecosystem and ecology that surround them.
Wildflowers excel at telling us the progression of summer. In Alaska, one of the first wildflowers of spring, pasque flowers, spring up in large purple and yellow blossoms welcoming the queen bumble bees which have just woken up from a long winter. Similarly, the early blooms of purple mountain saxifrage provide a critical nectar resource for queen bees. However, the timing, or phenology, of wildflowers in Alaska is changing with a warming climate. Changing flower timing can effect insects populations, and in turn birds by growing at different times than they have for milleniums. An example that we (I believe) have all noticed is a quickly melting snowpack. As snowpack melts earlier it has repercussions on when a flower starts to grow and bloom by moving it earlier, and buds may freeze in the still cold temperatures (Inouye 2008). This changes the plant’s fitness and also the flowers available to pollinators. Although the genes of plants may have enough flexibility accommodate some of the effects of climate change, they may need to evolve to ultimately survive (Anderson, Jill T., et al. 2012).
This summer I’ve turned my lens to all of the wildflower blooms I can. I am actually pretty astounded by the number of species I have photographed and learned! When photographing them I both put them in their surroundings, and captured the fine details of their beauty. Some of these images are availble for purchase through my Fine Art America gallery. I hope you enjoy this extensive collection of the colorful seasons of Alaska! Photos are featured in the month that I captured them, rather than when they first start blooming.
If you’ve made it this far then I want to let you know that these images are available in a single page as well with some images that are not featured in this post:
If you are looking for Alaskan wildflower identification I cannot say enough about the utility of these two sites:
USDA Plant Database http://plants.usda.gov/java/
Inouye, David W. “Effects of climate change on phenology, frost damage, and floral abundance of montane wildflowers.” Ecology 89.2 (2008): 353-362.
Anderson, Jill T., et al. “Phenotypic plasticity and adaptive evolution contribute to advancing flowering phenology in response to climate change.” Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B: Biological Sciences 279.1743 (2012): 3843-3852.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>By Tamra Orr
Read Online or Download Cuban Heritage (21st Century Junior Library: Celebrating Diversity in My Classroom) PDF
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Sleek Turkey used to be based in 1923 by way of Mustafa Kemal out of the continues to be of the Ottoman Empire. less than Kemal's management and a governing precept referred to as Kemalism, the rustic followed wide-ranging social, criminal, and political reforms. Its strategic situation at the border of the Asian and ecu continents lends the rustic a different combination of jap and Western traditions.
From the pageantry of the Musical trip to the movie-good seems to be of the fictitious Dudley Do-Right, just like the good-looking and stalwart Mountie has lengthy been a part of renowned North American tradition. yet there is extra to being a member of the Royal Canadian fixed Police than donning a purple coat. it is an enormous occupation legislation enforcement and public carrier.
Subscribe to sibling Chihuahuas Bella and Harry as they shuttle to Jerusalem with their
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titolo fondamentale.
Peter Morgan 8 - Uno specialista dei calci piazz… scusate i biopic che uniscono cronaca e un pizzico di fantasia come per The Queen, L’Ultimo Re di Scozia e Rush dove è tornato, dopo Il Maledetto United, allo sport analizzando la rivalità tra Lauda e Hunt. Qui, la sceneggiatura è tratta dall’omonimo romanzo di David Peace, uno che ha scritto i libri della saga Red Riding di cui sono stati tratti tre bellissimi film per la televisione – roba seria, mica quella che spacciamo in Italia come cinema ed è serie B.
STEFANO COCCI<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>L’inclinazione alla menzogna è tipica e distintiva dell’animo reazionario/conservatore. Ma che dire se vi si scorge un che di scientifico, organizzato, una vera e propria tecnologia della comunicazione? Si trattenga la rabbia, e ci si rivolga piuttosto all’incapacità, alla mancanza e dunque all’ignoranza di chi non sa farsi capire.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>FUNDAMENTALS OF FLUTTER ANALYSIS
This chapter is essentially divided into two parts. In §§ 6.1-6.6 the flutter of a cantilever wing having a straight elastic axis is treated under the assumption of quasi-steady aerodynamic derivatives. In §§ 6.7-12, the quasi-steady assumption is removed, and the analysis is based on the linearized thin-airfoil theory. This division is necessary because the results of the unsteady airfoil theory are so complicated that a great deal of numerical work is required in the solution, and the main analytical features are masked by the calculative complications. On the other hand, the quasi-steady assumption introduces such great simplifications that one will have no difficulty in carrying through a detailed analysis explicitly. Furthermore, the unsteady airfoil theory, as outlined in Chapters 13-15, is quite elaborate. Therefore it seems advantageous to use the quasisteady theory as an introduction.
Although the quasi-steady assumption is used here chiefly as an introduction, the results so obtained may find practical applications for low – speed airplanes. To present a greater variety of methods of attack, Galerkin’s method, as applied to flutter analysis by Grossman,613 is used in the first part, whereas the method of generalized coordinates is used in the second part. The advantage of Galerkin’s method is its direct relationship with the partial differential equations of motion. It is a natural extension of the approach used in § 1.10 for torsion-flexure oscillation of a cantilever beam. The main mathematical feature of the method, particularly in the first approximation, is very similar to the method of generalized coordinates to be explained later in §7.1. It is easy to see how the analysis can be improved by successive approximation, or generalized so that the results of more accurate aerodynamic theory can be incorporated. However, these refinements will not be discussed. Here, after a review of the thin-airfoil theory in a two-dimensional steady incompressible flow in § 6.1, the quasi-steady aerodynamic coefficients are derived in § 6.2. Then, in § 6.3, the partial differential equations of motion of a straight cantilever wing in a flow are derived, and the possibility of flutter and divergence is discussed. In § 6.4 Galerkin’s method for calculating the critical flutter speed is given. This is followed by § 6.5 treating the stability of the wing as the speed of flow varies. In § 6.6 some
condusions regarding the effect of changing several structural parameters on the critical torsion-flexure flutter speed are drawn.
To obtain more accurate answers, the unsteady airfoil theory may be used. To simplify the calculation, we introduce not only the linearization of the hydrodynamic equations, but also the “strip” assumption regarding the finite-span effect: that the aerodynamic force at any chordwise section is the same as if that section were situated in a two-dimensional flow. Information regarding the finite-span effect is still incomplete, and the inclusion of known results in the analysis will introduce tremendous complications in the numerical work. The linearity and strip assumptions will be discussed further in Chapter 7.
The unsteady aerodynamic forces in an incompressible fluid are summarized in § 6.7 and are used to study the forced oscillation of a two – dimensional wing in a flow (§ 6.9). The existence of a critical flutter speed is again demonstrated, thus confirming a result obtained earlier in § 6.3. Using the linearized airfoil theory with compressibility effects properly included, the flutter of a two-dimensional wing is analyzed in §6.10. Methods of solving the flutter determinant are discussed in § 6.11. The general problem of determining the critical speed is then discussed in § 6.12. Further remarks about the practical engineering flutter analysis are reserved for the next chapter.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>中国电机之父--钟兆琳2017-6-17 来源：动力之家 编辑：小编
钟兆琳（1901～1990）中国电工专家。号琅书。中国电机工程专家[1] 、电机工程教育家。中国科学院学部委员。（著名工程力学、计算力学专家，中国科学院院士，大连理工大学工程力学研究所所长钟万勰之父）30年代，指导并参与研制出我国第一台交流发电机和电动机，促成了我国第一家民族电机制造厂。成功地设计了分列芯式电流互感器、频率表、同步指示器等仪器仪表。长期担任教学工作，其启发式教学方法深受学生们欢迎，从事教育60余载，学子遍布海内外，为我国教育事业作出重要贡献。
赤子爱国心
钟兆琳，1901年8月23日生于浙江省德清县新市镇。钟兆琳的父亲钟养圣（1878～1940）曾追随孙中山先生参加过辛亥革命，也和邵力子先生一起到过祖国大西北，是一个见多识广，且有现代资产阶级民主意识的读书人。钟兆琳的母亲俞氏，是家庭妇女（1876～1920），在钟兆琳不满20岁时便去世了。新市镇早在明末便有工业手工业作坊，清末之际从事工商业的人更不鲜见。在这种环境中诞生的钟兆琳，对他以后的成长和事业，应该说不无关系。
1908年，钟兆琳开始在新市镇仙潭小学读书。这个时期，正是辛亥革命酝酿，爆发的时期，由于家庭和社会的影响，钟兆琳在小学时，即对科学产生了浓厚的兴趣。小学时期的钟兆琳，国语、算术都是学校的头等。1914年，钟兆琳13岁便入上海南洋公学附属中学读书。那时南洋公学附属中学和南洋公学一样，以学习洋人为美事，搬取了洋人的教育方法，所以钟兆琳在4年的中学阶段，受到了近乎现代的教育，这为他以后的事业奠定了基础。
1918年，钟兆琳由附属中学升入南洋公学电机科，中间因病休学一年。1923年，钟兆琳大学毕业，取得学士学位。
大学毕业后，钟兆琳到上海沪江大学当了一年教师，教数学和物理，旋即于1924年到美国康奈尔大学电机工程系留学。
康奈尔大学电机系当时由著名教授卡拉比托夫主持。卡拉比托夫在众多的学生中间，发现了这个来自太平洋彼岸的黄皮肤青年的与众不同；钟兆琳有非凡的数学才能，数学考试几乎总是第一名。有一位比钟兆琳年级还高的美国学生，考试常不及格，竟请钟去当他的小老师，钟兆琳的学位论文，也深为卡拉比托夫欣赏。所以，卡拉比托夫经常以钟的成绩和才能勉励其他学生。1926年春，钟兆琳获得康奈尔大学的硕士学位，经卡拉比托夫介绍推荐，钟兆琳到了美国西屋电气制造公司当了工程师。
他是位天才教育家
1927年，交通大学电机科长张廷玺（号贡九）向钟兆琳发出邀请，热切希望他回国到交通大学电机科任教，此时钟兆琳在美国正是春风得意，事业上鹏翅正举，生活上待遇优厚之时，但激荡的报国爱国之心，使他毅然扔下美国的一切，立即回国。到了交通大学，担任了电机科教授，先教授机械工程系的电机工程，同时主持电机系的电机实验室及其课程。在30届电机系学生众口一声的推崇之中，钟兆琳教授接任了“交流电机课程”，一直担任主讲。很快，钟兆琳便成为交通大学的著名教授。钟以其认真负责的精神，引人入胜的启发式教学方法赢得了学生的一致好评，正如他的学生们所说：“钟先生属于天才型教授，讲起书来如天马行空，行云流水，使人目不暇接”。“他先把一个基本概念（特别是较难理解的概念）不厌其烦地详细而反复地讲清楚，当同学们确实理解后，他才提纲挈领地对书本上其他内容作简要的指导，随即布置大家去自学。令人信服的是，每当先弄清基本概念后再去消化书本上的知识，会发觉既清楚又易懂，而且领会深，记得牢”。当时，教材都是英文版的，钟兆琳用英语讲解，钟很注重英语语法，并通过严谨的语法结构，使他讲授的“电机工程”，“交流电机”等课程中的基本原理和概念得以准确地表达出来。经过融会贯通，同学们便可以触类旁通。
钟兆琳教授在讲课
新中动力机器厂---中国第一家柴油发电机组厂
在20年代以前，中国基本上没有搞电机的人才，微弱的工业所用的电机，连技术人员都来自西方。以后，随着一批又一批中国学子从校门走出，被输送到民族电机工业的前沿阵地上，中国才开始使自己的电机工业起步和发展。钟兆琳教授不但以其出众的才能培养出大批优秀人才，而且身体力行，把自己的教学和祖国的工业发展结合起来，为民族电机工业作出了巨大的贡献。
1932年初，他说服华生风扇厂总工程师杨济川先生，制作他设计的分列芯式电流互感器频率表、同步指示器、动铁式频率表等，均取得成功。随之，受总经理叶友才先生的聘请。钟兆琳作了华生电扇厂兼职工程师。1933年，他又说服华生厂买下南翔电灯厂，并介绍自己的助教褚应璜也进厂，和他一起设计制造交流发电机，由新中动力机器厂制造柴油机配套进行发电，成为一个系统。中国的电机工业从此真正发展起来了。
钟兆琳(左二)、顾积栋(左三)、陈世坤(左一)及其研究生
1935年交通大学电机系全体同学合影
附：钟兆琳人物生平
1901年生于浙江。1918年入南洋公学就读，1924年赴美入康奈尔大学电气工程研究生院，1926年获硕士学位，随即任西屋电气公司工程师。从20年代开始，钟兆琳从事电工教育先后逾60年，培养了数以万计的科技人才。其中许多人成为知名学者、实业家，如钱学森、王安、褚应璜、丁舜年 、张钟俊、周建南等。钟兆琳在1990年3月病重时，遗言捐赠2万元建立教育基金。西安交通大学设立钟兆琳奖学金以资纪念。
1901年8月23日出生于浙江省德清县新市镇。
1923—1924年上海沪江大学数学教员。
1926—1927年美国WestingHouse电机制造厂工作。
1927—1942年交通大学电机系副教授、教授。
1933—1937年兼任华生电机厂工程顾问。
1943—1944年上海新闻报馆理工学生辅导工作。
1944—1945年上海中华工程建设公司工程部经理。
1945年交通大学任教授，并担任临时大学教务长。
1946年交通大学电机系主任。
1956—1957年随交大西迁至西安，任西安交通大学电机系主任，教授。
1957—1990年西安交通大学学术委员会副主任、教学委员会副主任。
1990年4月4日逝世于上海。<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>|مشخصات فنی
قارچی قفل شو کلید دار ساسین
قارچی قفل شو کلید دار ساخته کارخانه SASSIN میباشد.
قارچی قفل شو عبارتند از:
پوش باتن ( شستی استپ استارت) در واقع یک سوئیچ ساده می باشد که برای کنترل برخی از فعالیتها یا اعمال فرمان مورد استفاده قرار می گیرد.
در مدارهای دارای کنتاکتور، اغلب برای دادن فرمان لحظه ای شروع به کار و یا قطع و همچنین تغییر حالت مدار از پوش باتن (شاسی استپ استارت) استفاده می شود.
با وارد کردن فشار به شاسی استارت – استپ (پوش باتن استپ – استارت ) تمام کنتاکت ها تغییر وضعیت می دهند و با حذف فشار وارد شده به شستی ( پوش باتن استپ استارت ) دوباره به حالت اول بر می گردند. معمولاً از شستی های به رنگ قرمز به عنوان پوش باتن استپ و از شستی های مشکی یا سبز به عنوان پوش باتن استارت در مدار استفاده می شود.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>儿童和家庭
关于儿童与家庭
父母和照顾者在孩子的健康、发展和行为方面起着至关重要的作用. 养育快乐健康的孩子是他们所有人最关心的事情. 体育外围平台推广中心支持家长, 护理人员, 还有教育专业人士，他们在育儿方面有很多宝贵的资源. 在这里, 你会找到诸如营养等主题的信息, 教育, 预防吸毒和酗酒.
提高健康的孩子
培养强壮健康的孩子, 父母和护理人员应该考虑孩子的饮食等因素, 体育活动, 和压力水平.
身体活动与营养
缺乏锻炼加上营养不良会导致儿童肥胖，并增加相关疾病的风险. 因此，建议孩子们每天至少进行60分钟的体育活动，同时摄入富含水果的饮食, 蔬菜, 蛋白质, 全谷物, 和有益脂肪.
儿童和青少年的压力
压力是每个年龄段生活的一部分，但它很容易变得势不可挡. 孩子和青少年常见的压力源包括在学校学习新事物, 交朋友, 处理欺凌, 在家里感到紧张.
在 照顾孩子 section, 获得“成长健康孩子的基础知识”的文章，并找到关于食物等话题的育儿建议, 卫生, 欺凌, 社交媒体的使用.
保护儿童安全:预防酒精和毒品
预防酒精和毒品始于父母, 这就是为什么他们必须学会如何与孩子交谈和倾听孩子的心声. 随着孩子年龄的增长，沟通往往变得更有挑战性, 所以尽早解决这个问题很重要.
现在, 有许多高质量的项目可以帮助青少年积极发展和减少问题行为. 繁荣 (促进学校-社区-大学伙伴关系以提升应变能力), 例如, 是一个为家庭提供科学证明的预防方案的伙伴关系吗.
了解更多关于防止药物使用的知识 预防酗酒和吸毒 section. 此外，获得访问繁荣项目的机会，并发现家长会的技巧.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>هدایت علی شاه کوهبنانی، معروف به محمد شهید کوهبنانی، از فضلای زمان خود بوده است که در کوهبنان متولد گردیده است و برای تحصیل به کرمان هجرت می کند. ایشان در محضر اساتیدی همچون عبد الصمد همدانی، به کسب مدارج علمی نائل آمد و در جریان سفر به مشهد، در میانه راه، به دست افرادی کشته می شود. این مکان، از نمای آجری، بصورت چند ضلعی کثیر الاضلاع ساخته شده و دارای گنبد می باشد. عوام، این مقبره را، گور آخوند، گنبد آخوند و مقبره آخوند مى نامند. این بنا، با توجه به سبک معماری، احتمالاً به قرن یازدهم هجری قمری تعلق دارد. بنا، به سبک بسیار زیبا و هنرمندانه اى، طراحى و ساخته شده است. اصل بقعه، بصورت هشت ضلعى، به اب
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目前还未发生），最好还是老老实实地做内存越界判断，降低与系统的耦合性。
http://blog.csdn.net/judwenwen2009/article/details/44134415
by judwenwen2009<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>消失的国度，亚特兰蒂斯到底有多厉害?
在古代有很多文明的存在，其中一万年前消失在浩瀚烟海中的最令人魂牵梦绕的就数亚特兰蒂斯古代文明，从古希腊哲学家柏拉图的对话录中我们得知，亚特兰蒂斯文明曾经是高度发展的文明，但是突然在一夜之间消失地无影无踪——那么这么辉煌的文明是否真实存在吗?给后人留下的是无尽的猜想……早前竟然在地下负一万米发现其消失多年的文明，接下来鬼阿姨网小编就为大家揭秘真相吧!
地下负一万米发现亚特兰蒂斯文明
这里做个猜测，如果灭世洪水是真实发生的事情的话，那么人类发现的海底文明就不只仅仅是建筑物，按照常理来说的话，人类的骸骨一定是会存在的，但是就目前发现的情况来说，并非如此。于是，就有科学家猜测说亚特兰蒂斯的人很可能化身成为海底人，或者说移居地心，成为地心人。
也就是说地球很可能是空心的。就目前的科技而言世界上最先进的钻机也只能钻到地下一万多米深，一万多米以下是什么样子，人们只能根据火山爆发、地震或者一些断层进行分析，广义地讲地下只有炽烈的岩浆显然是科学的浅薄。
地球的内部很可能是空心的，而地球的两极地区则很有可能是其入口。但是就以人类目前的科技而言无法发现并且潜入这个入口。有部分科学家怀疑说，在灭世洪水到来之前，亚特兰蒂斯文明就转入了地下，与此同时其它拥有记录却突然消失的文明，很可能一并进入地心世界，所以现在无处可寻。
亚特兰蒂斯文明之谜
亚特兰蒂斯意为“阿特拉斯的岛屿”，又译阿特兰蒂（提）斯，意译大西洋之岛、大西国、大西洲，一传说中拥有高度文明发展的古老大陆、国家或城邦之名，最早的描述出现于古希腊哲学家柏拉图的著作《对话录》里，据称其在公元前一万年被史前大洪水毁灭。
亚特兰蒂斯文明最早出现在公元前350年，古希腊哲学家柏拉图的著作《对话录》里以第一次对话形式描绘了亚特兰蒂斯文明。在2011年，一考古队在西班牙南部的泥滩之下发现了亚特兰蒂斯;在2013年12月，在葡萄牙西边海域发现疑似亚特兰蒂斯遗迹的海底金字塔。亚特兰蒂斯文明与利莫里亚文明共存于当时的地球，不过据称在一万年先后沉陷于灭世洪水之中。
在一万年前的世界大洪水中或许地球上真的存在过一片被柏拉图称为亚特兰蒂斯的地方，这个地方创造了高度的文明。人们将这片消失的地方称为”大西洲”，创造出的文明叫做“大西国”。
多年来各界专家学者不停地寻找亚特兰蒂斯文明的遗迹，以此证实亚特兰蒂斯文明真的存在过。
亚特兰蒂斯是真的存在的，只是他们的文明太高，并且他们不是地球人，当时他们的星球被另外一个星球的人毁灭了，他们只有一小部分的人来到了地球。当时地球还是很落后，亚特兰蒂斯人就用他们那高超的技术和智慧创造了亚特兰蒂斯，他们的文明比我们高了5个世纪，他们有种能量防御场，可以不被任何物体探测到，所以我们找不到也是这个原因。
超前的远古亚特兰蒂斯文明
大概一万多年以前，当然现今的文明还没有诞生出来啊，但是在当时就已经有了堪比现在文明社会的亚特兰蒂斯，甚至是有可能超越现今的存在。但是在一次全球性的灾难中，这片大陆沉没在大西洋中。其文明全部覆灭，所有的人全部都沉睡在海底，而与亚特兰蒂斯齐名的利莫里亚文明也同样如此遭遇。
根据玛雅历法的预言传说，地球人类所生存的世界，共有五次毁灭和重生周期——每一周期即所谓的“太阳纪”，并认为在每一纪结束时，都会演一出惊心动魄的毁灭悲剧。第四个太阳纪是宗德里里克Tzontlilic(亚特兰蒂斯文明)，又称光的文明，是继承上一个文明。这里用继承，不用延续是因为，亚特兰蒂斯是来自猎户座的殖民者。他们拥有光的能力使火雨的肆虐下引发大地覆灭。早在利莫里亚文明时期亚特兰蒂斯就建立了。
后来这两个文明之间还打核战争，在梵蒂冈城**存的古代墨西哥着作抄本(即《梵蒂冈城国古抄本》)和存留至今的墨西哥合众国的印第安文明的作品中，也有过类似的叙述：“地球上曾先后出现过四代人类。”第一代人类是一代巨人，他们毁灭于饥饿。第二代人类毁灭于巨大的火灾。第三代人类就是猿人，他们毁灭于自相残杀。后来又出现了第四代人类，即处于“太阳与水”阶段的人类，处于这一阶段的人类文明毁灭于巨浪滔天的大洪灾。
现代科学发现，在大洪灾之前，地球上或许真的存在过一片大陆，这片大陆上已有高度的文明，在一次全球性的灾难中，这片大陆沉没在大西洋中。而近一个世纪以来，考古学家在大西洋底找到的史前文明的遗迹，似乎在印证着这个假说。在民间的说法中，人们把这片陆地叫做“大西洲”，把孕育着史前文明的那个国度叫做“大西国”。其实，科学界早就给这片神秘消失的大陆命名了，那就是沿用了柏拉图提出的名字：亚特兰蒂斯。
亚特兰蒂斯的建筑成同心圆状，互相用舰只分隔开。随着越来越深入，身份限制也越严格。在圆环内圈是最重要的庙宇和保留地。城市的建筑美妙地让人感受到了音乐的韵味。镀金的圆屋顶，由于风力和温度的不同，会发出和谐的声音。通常是三个音节。对于亚特兰亚特兰蒂斯蒂斯来说，三是它的重要特征之一，就是线条会重复三次，建筑群由三组类似的建筑组成，三个金字塔组成的塔群。
亚特兰蒂斯有多发达
当时亚特兰蒂斯的生活非常奢华，因为根本无需用劳力赚取生活，一切都是自动化的，百姓享尽便利。一些边缘历史学家大胆猜测，说他们因为过度享乐而远离精神，违背上帝。大多数人面貌非常俊美，衣服由珠宝点缀，人们跳舞、聚会、服用迷幻药物。亚特兰蒂斯人用脑高达90%，跟动物可轻易沟通，不但制造机器人，也通过基因工程创生半人半兽的“卡美拉”，例如美人鱼。整个城市都是机械管理，人不需专门读书，知识可以从特殊装置中吸取，15、6岁小孩的智慧就已超过现在的高等学者。独角兽也是他们基因改造出来的。
在亚特兰蒂斯史前超文明中，最令人注目的科学成就就是能源系统。
凯西在这方面留下了十分详尽的催眠透视记录。能源系统的中心是磁欧石。它是六面体（横断面是六角形）的巨大圆柱体状的玻璃样物质，它能吸收阳光，将其转变为能源。它被设置在波塞迪亚（亚特兰提斯的首都）太阳宫的中央能源所内，创造出20世纪人类尚未了解的“宇宙能源”，将它集中、增强，以不可直视的强光向世界传播。
鬼阿姨网www.guiayi.com
亚特兰蒂斯人不只有将那光线发展成动力能源的文明，同时他们也能使人体再生及返老还童，这一切致使亚特兰蒂斯人无忧无虑、快快乐乐地生活于那个天堂里。
亚特兰蒂斯文明存在吗
1、有人说它是西班牙南部海岸的一个地区，有人说它是直布罗陀海峡中的一个岛屿，还有人说它是爱尔兰。不过，如果你相信一支俄罗斯探险队于2010年年初公布的说法，那么它就位于英格兰西南端150千米以外。
事实上，每一年都有人站出来指认亚特兰蒂斯就在某个地方。在所有的“失落的文明”中，最能抓住公众想象力 的就是亚特兰蒂斯。2500年前，古希腊哲学家柏拉图最先描述了亚特兰蒂斯，从那以后至今，科学家和媒体一直在对亚特兰蒂斯可能的所在地争论不休。柏拉图在其著作中记述了一个大岛，说岛上有一个源自海神波塞冬的文明。随着 岛上贵人越来越多地与凡夫俗子交合，亚特兰蒂斯人逐渐堕落，并最终在与雅典的交战中毁灭。“当时出现了极为猛烈的一连串大地震和大洪水，”柏拉图写道， “在可怕的一夜之内……亚特兰蒂斯岛……被大海吞没，从此消失无踪。
2、有科学家认为，亚特兰蒂斯的故事最有可能基于公元前1628年发生在希腊圣 托里尼岛上的一次火山大爆发。根据史料记载，这次爆发导致岛上的火山几乎完全坍塌人海。爆发引起的地震还引发了海啸，在震中地区，高度超过100米的海浪 向各个方向传播，扫荡了地中海东部，造成巨大破坏。事实上，作为铜器时代最伟大文明之一的米诺安文明正是被这次火山大爆发终结的。
另一些科学家则相信，与亚特兰蒂斯最匹配的是赫里克。赫里克位于雅典城以西大约150千米，曾经是一个繁荣兴旺的城邦，也是备受尊崇的波塞冬圣 园所在地。这座圣园曾多次促成了赫里克与相邻城邦间的和平共存。然而，在公元前373年的一个夜晚(当时柏拉图35岁左右)，一场恐商的大地震彻底摧毁了赫里克。
3、虽然亚特兰蒂斯迷坚持认为柏拉图在故事中描述的亚特兰蒂斯是一个真正的文明，但哲学家却远远没有那么肯定。他们指出，柏拉图讲述亚特兰蒂斯故事 的原意是比喻政府与权力之间的关系，假如我们无视这个本质而去海底寻找所谓的亚特兰蒂斯文明的遗迹，那就大错特错，注定徒劳了。
不过，就算亚特兰蒂斯文明确实是柏拉图杜撰的，那么有没有真实的事件激发他构思出这个故事呢?或者说，亚特兰蒂斯寓言的背后有没有一些事实根据呢?科学家指出，如果真的有一些真实事件为依据，那么这些事件应该就发生在柏拉图的家乡——今天的希腊。
结语：至今为止一万年前突然消失的亚特兰蒂斯文明还是一个令人费解的谜团，也不知亚特兰蒂斯文明是否真的存在，不过很多科学家倾向于认为，亚特兰蒂斯文明并不是纯粹的空想，因为神话故事往往基于真实事件身上，想要弄清这一谜团还得时间来证实啊——<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Ognuno può scegliere come vuole che sia il proprio matrimonio: piccolo, grande, molte persone, poche persone, molte decorazioni, nessuna decorazione, in una chiesa, in una sala da ballo o in un vigneto. Una cosa è certa: è sempre un giorno speciale, pieno di emozioni e di sorprese. Vai alla pagina successiva per leggere quale gesto speciale questo sposo aveva pianificato per la sua sposa.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Alcohol and cancer research shows need for minimum unit pricing for alcohol
Many people may assume that by applying sun cream and not smoking, they are doing enough to reduce their chance of getting cancer. These measures are of course hugely important, yet many people do not know how alcohol increases their risk of getting cancer.
Speaking on behalf of the UK Faculty of Public Health Professor Mark Bellis said:
"About half of all cancer-related deaths caused by alcohol are in people who drink within government guidelines. In other words, for cancer there are no safe levels of consumption. People have a right to know the risks they are taking when they drink alcohol and that is why we are asking for health warnings on all alcohol products."
While it is up to each of us to look after our health, government has a responsibility to take action on everyone's behalf when the evidence is clear that lives can be saved. That's why public health professionals have long been calling for a minimum unit price for alcohol. The evidence is clear that it would save lives, make communities safer and reduce the huge burden of treating alcohol on the NHS. Moderate drinkers have nothing to fear from a minimum price either, as it would hardly affect them.
Public health professionals, doctors, nurses and many others back minimum unit pricing. The Prime Minister has expressed support for it. The only people with anything to lose are the people who make a profit from it. That's why we need a clear commitment to minimum unit pricing from the government.
Written: 22/03/2013 , last modified: 03/05/2013<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Saturday classes, just like our courses offered in Hawaii, are a combination of indoor and outdoor activities. Like our Kindergarten Summer School (Course B), we include both indoor and outdoor activities to allow children to learn and use English while they play. While your child acquired native English, they have the chance to experience English in a wide variety of situations. Your child will naturally improve their conversational skills by interacting with kids of all ages and all English levels, including native and near-native English speakers. There are also students attending International Schools joining in our studies, making our program fuller and more diverse than ever!
We incorporate activities that can’t be fit on weekdays.
During lessons, in addition to using worksheets to improve their academic level, we have fun with Indoor Activities such as crafts, cooking, science experiments, computer games and much, much more!
For our Outdoor Activities, we have fun with things like sports, exploring, social studies, and environmental studies. Going outside give our students a change to use their English in an everyday setting.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Düşündüm de… Bir süredir önemli bir konuyu biraz ihmal etmişim. Kilo vermek için yola çıkan milyonlarca kişi için çok can alıcı bir ayrıntı bu. Gelin bugün bu eksiği tamamlayalım ve zayıfladıktan sonra verilen kiloların tekrar geri alınmasının nedenleri konusunda biraz sohbet edelim. Bir insan onca çaba gösterip zayıflar da verdiği kiloları neden geri alır? Bazıları […]
Zayıfladıktan sonra verilen kiloların tekrar geri alınmasının nedenleri yazısı ilk önce BERSU EKİNCİ üzerinde ortaya çıktı.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Descrizione di "PASSIO. LETTURE DIALOGATE DELLA PASSIONE PER LA DOMENICA DELLE PALME"
Il fascicolo contiene i testi della Passione di Gesù secondo i quattro evangelisti, così come vengono proclamati nei riti della Domenica delle Palme (anni liturgici A, B e C) e del Venerdì Santo, con tutte le indicazioni per la lettura a più voci e i testi delle "forme brevi", che vengono proposti dopo quelle complete. Una pratica pubblicazione "da leggio", a caratteri grandi e particolarmente leggibili, pensata per l'uso direttamente nelle celebrazioni.
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che è divisa in tipi. È in questa fase che molti hanno la domanda su come scegliere una fondazione per un bagno.
Questo è un punto molto importante, perché assume tutti i carichi che appariranno dopo l'erezione della struttura, distribuendo uniformemente tutta la sua gravità sul terreno. Inoltre, la fondazione consentirà all'edificio di spostarsi e deformarsi in modo sicuro sotto l'influenza di fenomeni naturali, e questi fattori influenzano notevolmente la durata della struttura nel suo complesso.
Bagno fotografico su base nastro.
Nella moderna costruzione nella costruzione di vari edifici che utilizzano diversi tipi di fondazioni. Tutti differiscono nella tecnologia di installazione, nella loro struttura e così via.
Abbiamo i più comuni i seguenti tipi di fondazioni:
Al fine di decidere quale tipo di fondazione è necessario per un bagno, in primo luogo, il tipo di terreno su cui si prevede di iniziare a costruire un bagno, la profondità del suo congelamento e il tasso di acque sotterranee è preso in considerazione. Inoltre, poiché la posa di ogni tipo di base richiede determinati materiali, anche questo momento deve essere preso in considerazione.
In una parola, ci sono molte sfumature, tuttavia, conoscendo le caratteristiche di tutte le specie elencate, sarà molto più facile decidere quale tipo di fondamento è necessario per un bagno in una determinata situazione. Diamo uno sguardo più da vicino a tutti gli aspetti più importanti di ciascuna base.
Fondazione su pali
Questo tipo viene utilizzato per la costruzione di edifici su terreni deboli e saturi d'acqua.
Tale base per il metodo di installazione e il materiale è suddiviso in sottotipi quali:
- Mucchio e vite. Per installare una tale base, vengono utilizzate aste metalliche, alla fine delle quali ci sono viti coniche simili a trapani giganti. Questo dispositivo ti consente di guidare le aste nel terreno senza problemi.
Tuttavia, a causa del costo elevato di tali pile utilizzate per il bagno non è sempre conveniente. Inoltre, non tutto quello che ho informazioni su come mettere correttamente le fondamenta nella vasca da bagno, se è fatto di barre di metallo. Per questo sono necessarie sia esperienza che conoscenza, quindi non si può fare a meno di uno specialista e le sue assunzioni sono costose.
Foto di pile di viti.
- Mucchio guidato Tale base è una struttura di pile infisse nel terreno, che sono fatte di cemento armato o tubi di amianto o legno. Quest'ultima opzione è utilizzata principalmente per piccoli armadi, gazebo e così via.
In altre parole, per un buon bagno non è l'opzione migliore, dal momento che l'albero è marcio e la vita di servizio di una tale struttura non è molto lunga. Le pile di cemento armato sono molto più resistenti e affidabili, dato che, di norma, sono già prodotte per crimpatura, quindi possono essere utilizzate in sicurezza per la posa delle fondamenta per il bagno.
Tuttavia, va notato che il loro prezzo è piuttosto elevato e che un materiale così costoso non è sempre redditizio da utilizzare per i piccoli bagni. Le pile di tubi di amianto vengono convogliate in pozzi precedentemente realizzati in modo tale che la loro punta si trovi all'altezza di progetto della vasca, e quindi vengono riempite per 1/3 con una soluzione di cemento.
Poi i tubi si alzano leggermente, di conseguenza si forma sotto di loro un "cuscino" concreto. Il prezzo di tale materiale è più economico del costo delle pile di cemento armato.
Foto di pile di cemento armato.
- Colonnare. Questo tipo si riferisce a una varietà di strutture a pelo e può essere fatto da blocchi di cemento, mattoni, legno o macerie. Questa è la versione a basso costo ideale della fondazione, che viene utilizzata per la costruzione di bassi edifici leggeri su terreni bassi.
Inoltre, la fondazione della colonna è facile da costruire con le proprie mani, a condizione che ci sia almeno una certa abilità di costruzione. La cosa principale è avere a disposizione le istruzioni di installazione corrette, alle quali è necessario attenersi. Di regola, afferma che la profondità di posa dei pilastri non deve essere inferiore a 1,5 m.
Foto della base colonnare sotto il bagno.
Quindi, rispondendo in questo caso alla domanda, qual è il miglior fondamento per un bagno, si dovrebbe prestare attenzione alla colonna o all'opzione basata su pile da tubi di amianto. Altri materiali più costosi usati per una tale struttura, chiaramente, non sono redditizi.
Fai attenzione! La fondazione colonnare è raccomandata per edifici la cui superficie non superi 6x6 m. Inoltre, se il terreno del cantiere è spostato orizzontalmente, questo è un argomento significativo contro la fondazione colonnare, poiché questa proprietà del suolo porterà a una distorsione dei pilastri.
In altre parole, su tali terreni mobili per il bagno è meglio usare un verricello, guidato o qualche altra fondazione.
Striscia di fondazione
Questo tipo universale di base è un nastro monolitico chiuso di una certa larghezza di cemento armato o non armato, che corre lungo l'intero perimetro della struttura futura. C'è anche un tipo di blocco di base del nastro, che, a differenza della prima opzione, non ha una struttura monolitica, ma composita.
Fai attenzione! Il proprietario dell'area edificata, quando sceglie questo tipo di fondazione, non si troverà di fronte a un dilemma su come mettere un bagno sulle fondamenta, dal momento che le pareti di un edificio possono essere avviate direttamente su di esso. In altre parole, non è necessario eseguire ulteriori costruzioni.
Sottotipo di calcestruzzo
Foto di una fondazione di strisce di cemento con una cassaforma non ancora rimossa.
Questo sottotipo è considerato molto affidabile ed è adatto a quasi tutti i terreni con diverse profondità di congelamento del suolo. In termini di profondità, tale fondazione è suddivisa in un tipo superficiale e profondo, a seconda delle caratteristiche del terreno.
Fai attenzione! Tenendo conto della pendenza del terreno edificabile, la parte superiore della fondazione della striscia dovrebbe sporgere di circa 10 cm dal suolo. Non bisogna dimenticare che questa parte più sporgente della base dovrebbe essere più larga dello spessore di progetto delle pareti del bagno.
Schema di progettazione per il supporto di strisce.
Molti saranno interessati a quale marca di cemento è necessaria per la fondazione del bagno, se viene scelta una tale variante della fondazione. Come dimostrato dalla pratica a lungo termine, la marcatura M200 viene scelta per la base sotto il bagno in condizioni favorevoli. Quando il clima è freddo, è meglio usare il calcestruzzo con M300 o superiore.
Anche nella prima fase di costruzione, la maggioranza solleva una domanda importante,
come calcolare le fondamenta per un bagno. Se questo significa la quantità di calcestruzzo desiderata per la posa della base di strisce, allora prima è necessario misurare la sua larghezza, lunghezza totale e profondità, e quindi moltiplicare queste cifre. La cifra finale e significherà il volume della soluzione in metri cubi.
Blocca sottotipo
La base del blocco del nastro del dispositivo.
La differenza di questa base nella sua tecnologia di produzione e nel materiale utilizzato. Per fare questo, la trincea scavata non viene colata con una soluzione di cemento, ma in essa vengono posati blocchi di mattoni o pietrisco, che vengono piantati su una miscela di cemento. Questa opzione ti consente di risparmiare sul calcestruzzo.
Lo schema di progettazione del rinforzo per la base del nastro.
A causa del fatto che i blocchi in questo caso possono essere posati con spazi vuoti, a seguito dei quali si forma una fondazione intermittente, questo tipo di restringimento è molto inferiore. Per questo motivo, il peso totale del bagno può essere aumentato del 20-30%.
Fai attenzione! Tutti i tipi di fondazioni a strisce non sono adatti per terreni pesanti e acquosi. Sono anche più laboriosi da installare rispetto alle basi di pile.
Fondazione monolitica
Foto della base monolitica in cemento sotto il bagno.
Questo tipo è anche chiamato una base galleggiante, che viene colata con soluzione di cemento su tutta l'area dell'edificio. Questo design è una lastra monolitica ed è adatto per edifici rettangolari che devono essere costruiti su terreni pesanti, deboli o sfusi. Il fondamento monolitico è molto affidabile e durevole.
Fai attenzione! Lo spessore di tali strutture deve essere di almeno 30 cm.
Quale cemento è necessario per la fondazione del bagno per questo tipo? Qui la scelta dovrebbe essere affrontata secondo lo stesso principio della versione precedente.
Cioè, ancora una volta, tutto dipenderà dalle condizioni climatiche, dalle dimensioni del bagno e dalle preferenze personali. In questo caso, dovresti sapere che più alto è l'indice del cemento, il calcestruzzo sarà più resistente, resistente, resistente al freddo e così via.
conclusione
In conclusione, possiamo concludere che a causa della varietà di diversi tipi di fondazioni, non è difficile scegliere l'opzione giusta per determinati requisiti. Allo stesso tempo, sarà sbagliato consigliare qualsivoglia tipo, perché tutto dipende dalle caratteristiche del bagno stesso e dalle caratteristiche del terreno (anche imparare a segnare le fondamenta per il bagno per la sua installazione).
Ma il video in questo articolo è altamente raccomandato per la visualizzazione, in quanto ti aiuterà a capire, come sembra, una domanda difficile.
La base per il bagno: i tipi e le caratteristiche della costruzione delle proprie mani
La vita di servizio di qualsiasi struttura dipende in gran parte dalla posa di una base affidabile. Il bagno non è un'eccezione: quando lo si erige, è necessario tenere conto delle caratteristiche e delle caratteristiche dell'installazione di base. Questo articolo descrive le varietà della fondazione del bagno e le caratteristiche della sua costruzione con le proprie mani.
dispositivo
La fondazione viene creata non solo tenendo conto del tipo di terreno su cui verrà costruito il bagno, ma anche dei materiali delle fondamenta future. Le informazioni sul terreno dovrebbero essere registrate durante i precedenti lavori di costruzione nel territorio. Se per qualsiasi motivo è assente, le indagini geologiche devono essere svolte in modo indipendente. È importante capire che una base di qualità non può essere costruita su un terreno inesplorato.
L'esplorazione geologica viene effettuata da organizzazioni speciali: una perforatrice produce pozzi dai quali vengono prelevati campioni di suolo. In un laboratorio speciale, il terreno viene esaminato - è determinato dalla sua composizione chimica e proprietà fisiche e meccaniche. I lavori a terra sono realizzati attorno al perimetro, al di sotto delle comunicazioni ea diverse profondità, al fine di ottenere una mappa geologica completa dell'area. Questo processo richiede molto tempo e denaro, ma ci sono opzioni più economiche.
Le proprietà di base del suolo possono essere determinate indipendentemente. Per fare ciò, è necessario scavare diversi pozzi, cercando di rendere il pozzo il più profondo possibile. Il buco che raggiunge la profondità del congelamento del suolo sarà l'ideale. Come mago dello strumento consigliato di utilizzare un trapano da giardino. Per i pozzi scavati determinare lo spessore dello strato di terreno fertile, il confine della falda acquifera e la composizione del suolo.
La fondazione deve passare attraverso uno strato fertile morbido e poggiare su una struttura più solida. Se il terreno nel territorio è in forte movimento (ci sono collinette e crepe sulla superficie), allora la fondazione dovrebbe essere abbassata al livello di congelamento del suolo. Il terreno attorno ai supporti è coperto da una miscela di sabbia e ghiaia in modo che l'acqua di falda non faccia muovere la base quando si congela. Una fondazione superficiale viene posta solo in condizioni standard.
Se sul luogo di costruzione ci sono forti cali di altezza, allora una fondazione a vite-palo sarà adatta per tale territorio.
Le pile non sono consigliate per l'installazione in aree con alti livelli di acque sotterranee. L'interazione dei supporti con l'acqua porterà a rapida corrosione e cedimento delle fondamenta. Prima dell'installazione, i pali devono essere trattati con una soluzione speciale che protegga la struttura dall'umidità.
Per il terreno mobile adatto per fondazioni a griglia. Questo tipo è adatto come base per strutture in mattoni e blocchi. Le pile tengono la struttura in caso di smottamenti e spostamenti, garantendo la stabilità della fondazione. Rostverk - il supporto per il collegamento del nastro, è concepito per una distribuzione uniforme del carico. È fatto di metallo, legno o cemento armato.
La fondazione colonnare è progettata per le regioni con il congelamento profondo dei terreni. Inoltre, questo tipo di fondazione viene utilizzato nella costruzione di edifici nell'area inzuppata, terreni paludosi. Nelle aree soggette a movimento del suolo, la fondazione colonnare non è installata. Non tollera turni e frane.
Il tipo più affidabile di fondazione è monolitico. La lastra di cemento armato è in grado di resistere a qualsiasi condizione difficile pur mantenendo integrità e stabilità. La base solida distribuisce uniformemente il carico sul terreno, impedendo il tiraggio. Lo svantaggio principale di questo motivo è il prezzo elevato.
Tra i materiali per la costruzione della fondazione per il bagno, la preferenza dovrebbe essere data ai materiali naturali. Per le fondazioni su pali, il legno è più adatto. Le basi di lastre e nastri sono realizzate in materiali pesanti - pietra e cemento.
Il design del nastro è il tipo di fondotinta più affidabile. Si consiglia a questa versione del mago di scegliere coloro che vogliono fare il lavoro con le proprie mani. Questo tipo di fondazione è adatto per edifici di qualsiasi dimensione. È un nastro di cemento o mattoni, che poggia sul terreno al di sotto del livello della falda freatica. Sulla superficie non lasciare più di venti centimetri di base.
La base del nastro è adatta a qualsiasi struttura, ma gli esperti identificano diversi casi ottimali di montaggio di una base di questo tipo:
- Il seminterrato viene utilizzato per installare la pompa e le comunicazioni, lo stoccaggio di articoli per la casa. Le pareti del seminterrato devono essere protette dall'influenza di livelli d'acqua variabili, vento e basse temperature.
- L'edificio del bagno ha un sacco di peso e raggiunge dimensioni impressionanti. La base del nastro ben percepisce il carico da una struttura e la trasferisce nel terreno. Questo tipo di base è adatto per edifici in mattoni.
Esistono diversi metodi per assemblare le fondazioni delle strisce. Ciascuno dei metodi ha un certo numero di pro e contro. La muratura in mattoni è installata su terreni s
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anni di esperienza di lavoro all'interno di un settore correlato. Ci sono alcune eccezioni fatte per gli studenti con master in campi estranei quando la loro esperienza professionale fa la differenza. Se siete interessati ad ottenere un DBA in Management, cercare il tuo programma qui sotto e contatta direttamente l'ufficio di ammissione della scuola di vostra scelta compilando il modulo di piombo.
Il Dottore Online di Business Administration (DBA) consente ai professionisti del lavoro di ottenere un diploma di DBA durante il lavoro a tempo pieno, non importa dove r
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Il Dottore Online di Business Administration (DBA) consente ai professionisti del lavoro di ottenere un diploma di DBA durante il lavoro a tempo pieno, non importa dove risiedono. L'infrastruttura online di Anaheim University offre un ambiente di apprendimento interattivo e interculturale che non corrisponde a nessun altro. Guadagna completamente il tuo DBA accreditato e sfruttate l'opportunità di partecipare a una delle quattro concentrazioni: Gestione, Gestione internazionale, Gestione globale sostenibile o Imprenditoria.
6 corsi di base + 4 corsi in area di concentrazione scelta + 2 corsi elettivi + Dissertazione = 60 ore di credito
Seminari in linea di videocamere in linea con esperti in ogni campo da tutto il mondo
Guadagnare un DBA accreditato in circa 3 anni lavorando a tempo pieno
ripetizioni ragionevole
Vantaggi
Godetevi un programma online altamente interattivo in quanto ti metti in contatto con il tuo professore e compagni di classe in due seminari di webcam live online di 90 minuti per corso e forum di discussione quotidiana
Impara da esperti relatori ospiti e professori altamente qualificati, che hanno titoli di dottorato e hanno una vasta esperienza in vari settori di attività
Ricevi il diploma di dottorato di Business Administration attraverso la flessibilità dell'apprendimento on-line
Rete con individui provenienti da tutto il mondo, fornendo un ambiente ricco e culturalmente diverso da studiare.
Guadagna il tuo dottorato in circa 3 anni lavorando a tempo pieno
Lineamenti
6 corsi di fondazione + 4 corsi in ambito di concentrazione scelta + 2 corsi elettivi + Dottorato
Apprendimento accelerato -...
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Si avrà diritto a richiedere il Chartered Gestisci Award dal Chartered Institute of Management, il Canada e Certified Professional Award Manager dal manager professionist
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Chartered Manager - Chartered Institute of Management, il Canada
Certified Professional Manager - manager professionisti Association, Regno Unito
Corsi
Codice corso Titolo del corso unità di credito
LSM081 Project Management Professional (PMP) ® 18
LSM082 Communications Skills 3
LSM083 Diversità e occupazione Compliance 3
LSM084 Leadership 3
LSM085 Gestione 3
LSM086 Change e di gestione delle crisi 3
LSM087 Coaching e Mentoring 3
LSM088 Workforce Performance 3
PHD501 Tesi 12
più
Elettivi (2 dei seguenti)
LSM028 IT Management 3
LSM012 Internet Business 3
LSM068 Certified Forensics Digital Examiner (CDFE) 3
LSM072 Computer forensics e Electronic Discovery 3
LSM080 QuickBooks 2011 Series 3
Requisito di ammissione
I candidati devono possedere un adeguato Postgraduate Università o College di laurea da un istituto riconosciuto
Costo del corso
Costo del corso a prezzi accessibili.
Tutto incluso.
US $ 4480 se si completa il programma in un anno.
US $ 4680 se si completa il programma in tre anni.
Riguardo i nostri direttori di tesi
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Il Dottore in Economia Aziendale (DBA) con un Enfasi in Management, offerto online dal College of Doctoral Studies, è un'esperienza educativa immersiva che combina la teo
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Il Dottore in Economia Aziendale (DBA) con un Enfasi in Management, offerto online dal College of Doctoral Studies , è un'esperienza educativa immersiva che combina la teoria della gestione strategica con pratiche commerciali trasformative.
Ottieni una profonda conoscenza delle esigenze competitive di un'economia globale, perfetta per coloro che cercano di guidare il cambiamento organizzativo o migliorare la carriera all'interno dell'istruzione superiore. Impara a prosperare in un mercato globale dinamico formato da conflitti geopolitici, analisi dei big data, e-commerce, tecnologia mobile e molto altro ancora. Migliora le tue competenze in gestione finanziaria, pianificazione, marketing, ricerca e processo decisionale aziendale in risposta diretta a questi e ad altri fattori in continua evoluzione. Amplia la tua prospettiva e affina la tua pratica attraverso il nostro esclusivo Case Study integrato, la tua possibilità di creare e far crescere una complessa impresa e rivalutare i suoi componenti come parte dei tuoi corsi DBA....
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Stati Uniti d'America, Phoenix, Albuquerque, Sun City, Scottsdale+ 1 Più
Il Dottorato in Business Administration (DBA) della Concordia University Chicago è progettato per soddisfare la domanda di formazione aziendale di dottorato che rappresen
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Un dottorato innovativo in Business Administration
Il Dottorato in Business Administration (DBA) della Concordia University Chicago è progettato per soddisfare la domanda di formazione aziendale di dottorato che rappresenta il passo successivo nello sviluppo professionale individuale. Il programma, uno dei migliori programmi DBA di Chicago, offre un ulteriore livello di leadership e preparazione manageriale oltre il livello del master. Il DBA crea un'opportunità per gli studenti e la facoltà di coltivare ulteriormente le prospettive globali, le conoscenze e le reti già consolidate attraverso la presenza globale in espansione del College. Il curriculum, le residenze, le specializzazioni e l'interfaccia Mentor sono innovativi per design e consegna. Una caratteristica unica del programma DBA di Concordia-Chicago è che il processo di dissertazione inizia immediatamente con gli studenti che scelgono un argomento preliminare all'inizio del loro programma di studi....
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La linea esecutivo DBA è un diploma professionale che espone i professionisti di livello senior di lavoro a tecnologie innovative di business e gli sviluppi e concetti sociali, come Big Data, e le loro applicazioni.
Il programma DBA esecutivo Online è attualmente in candidatura status di accreditamento con accreditamento Consiglio americano per Business School e Programmi (ACBSP).
Ciò porterà allo sviluppo e alla presentazione di una proposta dettagliata della ricerca che deve essere approvato formalmente prima che i candidati possono intraprendere la loro tesi di ricerca principale. La proposta deve essere presentata entro seconda fase, con la guida di un supervisore designato nominato da BSN. ...
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I programmi EDBA si concentrano sulla ricerca che può essere applicata direttamente alle questioni commerciali attuali. Gli studenti di EDBA studiano problemi o sfide che
... [+]
I programmi EDBA si concentrano sulla ricerca che può essere applicata direttamente alle questioni commerciali attuali. Gli studenti di EDBA studiano problemi o sfide che affrontano nelle loro industrie e applicano ciò che imparano a risolvere i problemi nelle loro organizzazioni.
Sono interessati a portare queste abilità di pensiero ad alto livello e le competenze acquisite di recente sul posto di lavoro.
Perché i Rollins EDBA?
Rollins College È la prima scuola AACSB accreditata in Florida ad offrire un dottorato di ricerca in Business Administration (EDBA). Il programma Rollins EDBA è un programma di dottorato professionale progettato per i dirigenti che hanno un MBA o la laurea / esperienza equivalente. Questi professionisti vogliono acquisire le loro conoscenze, l'apprendimento e la capacità di contribuire al successo organizzativo ad un livello significativamente superiore a quello offerto dal MBA. Attraverso l'esperienza EDBA lo studente è posizionato per essere un leader di pensiero e si differenzia da altri manager con la padronanza del curriculum avanzato e delle competenze di ricerca applicate. La natura interdisciplinare del programma coniuga un livello di gestione avanzato di gestione generale con l'opportunità di specializzazione attraverso il processo di dissertazione....
[-]<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Indoor air quality problems can result from excessive moisture, radon, combustion gases, and many other contaminants that may accumulate inside. The first strategy to achieving good indoor air quality is to stop these contaminants at their sources. However, not all contaminants can be completely eliminated at the source, for example excessive moisture in kitchens and bathrooms. Proper ventilation strategies can reduce indoor pollutant levels by bringing in enough outdoor air to dilute emissions from indoor sources and by carrying indoor air pollutants out of the home.
What causes indoor air quality problems?
Have more questions? Submit a request<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Barbecues & bonfires
Over 193,000 incidents are caused by outdoor fires each year, causing hundreds of injuries. Many of these are caused by careless use of barbecues and bonfires.
Barbecue safety advice
- Follow the manufacturer’s instructions.
- Only use flammable liquids which are recommended for this task.
- Keep your barbecue a safe distance from fences, sheds, bushes and anything else which may catch fire.
- Don't take barbecues – especially disposable ones – onto moors, woodland or near undergrowth.
- Have a container of water on hand to douse flames.
- Don't wear loose clothing.
- Keep pets away.
- Make sure the barbecue is fully extinguished after use. Leave embers to cool down overnight before disposal.
- Build your bonfire downwind and well away from buildings, trees, bushes or other flammable materials.
- Clear away grass to form a circle of earth around the fire.
- Build the fire stack so than it collapses inward when burning.
- Watch for flying embers and sparks.
- Don't use petrol or paraffin to start the fire.
- Don't leave the fire unattended.
- Never throw aerosol or LPG containers on the fire.
- Ensure the fire is put out and cover the ashes with earth.
More information on bonfire safety & the law.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>The whimsical names of corals—bubble, staghorn, starburst and brain—hint at their spectacular appearance, but not necessarily at their true value. As the largest living structures on the planet, coral reefs are also among the greatest storehouses of biodiversity on Earth.
Coral reefs are also one of the most threatened marine systems. Scientists estimate that unless we take immediate action, we could lose up to 70 percent of coral reefs by 2050.
Latest News & Features
We're working to protect the world's epicenter of coral reef biodiversity.
Underwater nurseries are helping revive degraded reefs.
Protecting the Western Hemisphere's largest barrier reef.
Marine scientist Rod Salm narrates a slide show about what's killing coral reefs—and how we're helping protect them.
Dive deep with professional photographer Jeff Yonover in this audio slideshow.
Get the story behind this "Photo of the Month" from Palau.
Arden O'Connor discusses how medicine derived from coral reefs helped save her life.
Divers cultivate threatened staghorn coral at nurseries offshore.
In Papua New Guinea, struggling fishermen are working to preserve some of the world's most pristine coral reefs.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>The Body Covers: The 43rd Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
Longer Dosing Intervals of Epoetin Alfa Are Effective in Maintaining Hemoglobin Levels in Anemic, HIV-Infected Patients
September 17, 2003
IntroductionReference Abstract: Evaluating Epoetin Alfa 40,000 U SC Every Two Weeks to Maintain Hemoglobin Levels in Anemic, HIV-Infected Patients (Poster H-1919)
Anemia, defined as a reduction below normal in the number of red blood cells or quantity of hemoglobin, has long been recognized as an important clinical problem in HIV disease. It remains the most frequent blood-related complication in people living with HIV, and can cause a myriad of symptoms, including fatigue, shortness of breath, rapid heartbeat, paleness, headaches, decreased sex drive, exercise intolerance and inability to concentrate.
Early in the epidemic, AZT (zidovudine, Retrovir), the first antiretroviral agent to win FDA approval, was found to have anemia as a common adverse side effect. In the late '80s and early '90s, treatment of anemia with a blood transfusion was noted to be associated with a significant decrease in survival in patients with HIV/AIDS. Subsequently, recombinant human erythropoietin (epoetin alfa, Procrit) was approved as an alternative treatment option for anemic HIV-positive patients taking AZT. Clinical studies have shown that anemia -- in this patient population -- adversely affects functional ability and quality of life. In addition, there is evidence that anemia is associated with decreased survival.
HAART (highly active antiretroviral therapy) was introduced into clinical practice in 1996, and has had a profound impact on the clinical course of HIV disease, significantly slowing disease progression, reducing mortality and improving the long-term prognosis for many patients. In the HAART era, anemia has been perceived by many to be a less significant clinical issue. While recent data suggest severe anemia is indeed less frequent, mild to moderate anemia has remained a common abnormality among HIV-positive individuals receiving HAART. In general, anemia is more prevalent among HIV-positive women than men, in those with CD4 cell counts less than 200, and in African-Americans.
Observational studies have also suggested that recovery from anemia is associated with improved survival. In addition, well-controlled clinical trials have demonstrated that increasing hemoglobin levels in HIV-positive patients with mild to moderate anemia enhances quality of life and improves physical well-being. Together, these findings emphasize the continuing importance of monitoring HIV-positive patients for anemia and maintaining normal hemoglobin levels as a treatment goal, even as antiretroviral therapy continues to improve.
Initial controlled clinical trials showed that epoetin alfa (Procrit) administered three times weekly was safe and effective in correcting anemia, reducing blood transfusions, and improving quality of life and physical well-being in HIV/AIDS patients receiving AZT. More convenient dosing regimens have subsequently been investigated. Once-weekly dosing of 40,000 units was found to be as effective as thrice-weekly dosing among anemic HIV-positive patients in increasing hemoglobin levels and improving quality of life. The present study presents preliminary data evaluating epoetin alfa 40,000 units every two weeks for maintaining hemoglobin levels in anemic HIV-infected patients. The study was done to assess the efficacy and safety of a more convenient dosing regimen for HIV-positive anemic patients who are frequently burdened with complex medication regimens.
This is a 24-week, multi-center, open-label clinical trial in which HIV-positive patients with anemia (hemoglobin less than or equal to 12 g/dl) are given epoetin alfa (40,000 units subcutaneously) once per week until the anemia is corrected (hemoglobin greater than or equal to 13 g/dl). The patients are then switched to a maintenance phase during which the dosing interval of epoetin alfa is extended to every two weeks (40,000 units). If, during the maintenance phase, their hemoglobin drops to less than 11 g/dl, the patients are switched back to once-weekly dosing. If their hemoglobin is greater than or equal to 14 g/dl, the dosing is temporarily withheld until the hemoglobin decreases to less than 14 g/dl, at which time maintenance-phase dosing resumes.
At the time of this preliminary analysis, 120 patients were enrolled in the study and 94 (79 percent) had reached the target hemoglobin (greater than or equal to 13 g/dl). After reaching the target hemoglobin, 83 percent of the patients were able to maintain hemoglobin levels with the once-every-two-week (or less frequent) dosing schedule. The calculated median dosing interval for effective maintenance dosing was 40,000 units every 2.7 weeks. Epoetin alfa was very well tolerated, with only one adverse event (mild muscle spasms in the lower back) considered possibly related to epoetin alfa.
That anemia can be a serious condition among HIV-positive patients is widely accepted; however, what is not widely appreciated is how common anemia remains in the HAART era, particularly in women and patients of African-American descent. Fatigue and anemia are often overlooked and undertreated in patients with HIV infection. Perhaps this is due to the time constraints of HIV-treating physicians coupled with the increasing complexity of monitoring indices of viral activity and resistance. This lack of attention to anemia and its common symptom -- fatigue -- is particularly startling given the importance HIV-positive patients place on them. Surveys have shown patients consistently rank fatigue among the worst side effects they have experienced. In the same surveys, physicians reported fatigue as one of the least significant consequences of HIV and HIV therapy.
Treating anemia in patients with chronic illnesses, including HIV disease, has been demonstrated to reduce transfusion requirements, enhance functional performance, and improve physical, as well as psychological, quality of life. In addition, it is associated with increased survival. Blood transfusions may be appropriate for the treatment of acute anemia in certain circumstances, but their use should be minimized due to the risks of transmission of viral infections, immunosuppression and other hazards. The cause of anemia in HIV infection is often multi-factorial; however, in most cases, it is responsive to epoetin
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�也卷入其中。他被指控贪污、雇佣“影子职员”、将合同签给自己的公司等，其中包括一项对讲机和军用防弹设备等价值100亿美元的订单。
此外，沙特首富、国王的侄子、拥有亿万身家的王子阿尔瓦立德（Alwaleed bin Talal）面临洗钱、行贿、勒索官员等指控；前利雅得省长、王子涂尔吉·本·阿卜杜拉（Turki bin Abdullah）则被指控在利雅得地铁项目中涉嫌腐败，以及利用自己的影响力将合同签给自家公司等；前财政部长、国有石油巨头沙特阿美公司董事会成员伊布拉西姆·阿尔阿萨夫（Ibrahim al-Assaf）被指控在麦加大清真寺扩建工程中涉嫌贪污，并利用自己的职位和内部消息从土地交易中获益等。
据英国《每日邮报》报道，沙特被捕王子和多名高官被囚禁在该国首都一家五星级酒店。有消息人士透露，这些人遭到了来自美国私人保安公司雇佣兵的殴打，而身为亿万富翁、有“中东巴菲特”“中东股神”之称的阿尔瓦立德王子甚至遭到了倒挂的折磨。
（来源：海外网）
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6月30日，两列中欧班列（成渝）满载着电子产品、机械零件、日用百货等货物，缓缓驶出成都国际铁路港、重庆团结村中心站。成渝两地中欧班列累计开行量突破2万列大关，成为全国中欧班列发展史上的重要里程碑。据悉，随着成渝地区双城经济圈建设工作深入推进...
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HOT 南充嘉陵：丝纺服装产业蹚出高质量发展新路<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>药品概况
/ / 说明书
【生产厂家】
INCYTE
【适应症和用途】
Iclusig是一种激酶抑制剂，适用于：
治疗慢性期，加速期或急性期慢性粒细胞白血病（CML）或Ph + ALL的成人患者，未指明其他酪氨酸激酶抑制剂（TKI）治疗。
治疗成人患者T315I阳性CML（慢性期，加速期或急变期）或T315I阳性费城染色体阳性急性淋巴细胞白血病（Ph + ALL）。
【剂型和规格】
15MG X 30粒
15MG X 60粒
30MG X 30粒
45MG X 30粒
【服用剂量】
推荐剂量：每日口服45毫克，可与或不与食物一并服用
肝功能损害：每日口服30毫克
【不良反应】
常见不良反应包括高血压，皮疹，腹痛，疲乏，头痛，干皮肤，便秘，发热，关节痛，和恶心。
以上资料只供参考，详情请咨询医生建议。更多药品信息可与大家的药剂师客服联系查询！
【温馨提示】
ICLUSIG /PONATINIB/普纳替尼目前尚未在中国大陆及亚太地区上市，海外客户如需要金沙银河-金沙银河，欢迎与致泰药业联络查询。金沙银河是经香港政府卫生署注册的药品批发商，专注于全球品进出口业务。<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Ci siamo stati due volte perché ci è piaciuto davvero tanto, gli hamburger e gli hot dog erano davvero saporiti e buoni! Le porzioni non sono per niente scarse e il rapporto qualità prezzo ottimo! L'ambiente è quello del tipico locale americano che si vede nei film, il personale molto cortese.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Kolombiya'dan 3 gollü zafer...
Kolombiya'dan Polonya'ya farklı tarife!
Dünya Kupası H Grubu maçında Kolombiya, Polonya'yı 3-0'la geçti.
Karşılaşmada gol perdesini transferde adı Fenerbahçe ile anılan Yerry Mina açarken Güney amerika temsilcisinin diğer gollerini ise Falcao ve Cuadrado kaydetti.
Bu sonuçla Kolombiya grupta 3 puanla 3. sıraya yükseldi ve son 16'ya kalma şansını son maça taşırken Polonya Dünya Kupası'na veda etmiş oldu.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>جعفر محمدی
مروری بر عملکرد ۹ دی حاکی از آن است که اصول حرفه ای روزنامه نگاری مانند انصاف، دقت و صحت در این هفته نامه اساساً محلی از اعراب نداشت و علاوه بر آن، مدام مصوبات شورای عالی امنیت ملی را نقض می کرد.
در این که با هر شخص حقیقی یا حقوقی قانون شکن باید برخورد شود تا نظم اجتماعی برقرار بماند تردیدی نیست ولی توقیف نشریه، کاری نیست که بتوان از آن دفاع کرد ولو آن که این نشریه متعلق به جریانی باشد که مورد پسند ما نیست.
پیشتر نیز گفته ایم و همچنان بر این موضع اصولی خود هستیم که باید سازوکارهای تنبیهی دیگری جز تعطیلی رسانه ها در مواجهه با اشتباهات، تخلفات و حتی جرائم آنها در پیش گرفت.
نکته اول این است که باید آستانه تحمل را بالا برد. خوشبختانه در دولت یازدهم این اتفاق رخ داده است ولی هنوز بدان اندازه نرسیده که بتوان بدان مباهات کرد.
در دولت قبل، هیچ رسانه ای حق انتقاد از مذاکره کنندگان را نداشت و رسانه ها حتی نمی توانستند زمانی که علیه ایران قطعنامه صادر می شد و کشور مرحله به مرحله در چاه تحریم ها فرو می رفت، انتقادی از وضعیت موجود داشته باشند ولی اینک فضا به حدی باز شده است که دهها رسانه مکتوب و اینترنتی علیه مذاکره کنندگانی که توانسته اند گامی مهم برای لغو تحریم ها بردارند، تیتر می زنند و حتی صدا و سیما نیز همراهی شان می کند.
با این وجود انتظار می رود روند افزایش آستانه تحمل همچنان بالا برود و مسوولان بدانند که پذیرفتن پست و مقام، مترادف است با در معرض انتقاد بودن. بنابراین، اگر تاب انتقاد – ولو ناوارد – را ندارند، اساساً نباید قبول مسؤولیت کنند. انتقاد پذیری و سعه صدر، لازمه مسؤولیت پذیری است و این اصل، درباره مسؤولان همه قوا صادق است.
نکته بعدی، نحوه برخورد با رسانه هاست. توقیف رسانه، بدترین و اشتباه ترین شکل ممکن در مواجهه با یک رسانه است. وجود یک یا چند مطلب یا تصویر – حتی مجرمانه – نمی تواند دلیل موجهی برای توقیف یک رسانه باشد. این درست مانند آن است که بانک ملی ایران یا بانک صادرات را بعد از ماجرای اختلاس سه هزار میلیارد تومانی توقیف می کردند ولی این بانک ها به حیات خود ادامه دادند و تنها با افرادی که درگیر جرم بودند برخورد شد و البته حق مطلب هم همین بود.
در رسانه ها هم باید این گونه باشد و به جای توقیف نشریه باید با متخلفان برخورد کرد و مجازات هایی مانند توقف انتشار برای مدت معین، جریمه نقدی و … را در دستور کار قرار داد، همان طور که در دنیای نوین این گونه می کنند.
بستن نشریه، بستن ممر معاش کسانی که در آن نشریه کار می کنند -و همه شان نیز در تولید محتوا مشارکت ندارند- هست. همچنین توقیف هر نشریه، بی احترامی به مخاطبان آن است که افکار و رویکردهای سیاسی و اجتماعی خود را در آن نشریه دنبال می کنند.
موضوع بعدی، صلاحیت هیأت نظارت بر مطبوعات در خصوص توقیف مطبوعات است. هر چند قانون مطبوعات چنین حقی را به هیأت نظارت داده ولی واقعیت این است که این امر، خلاف نص صریح قانون اساسی است که به صراحت مقرر می دارد رسیدگی به جرائم مطبوعاتی در صلاحیت دادگاه مطبوعات آن هم با حضور هیأت نظارت بر مطبوعات است که باید به طور علنی برگزار شود.(اصل ۱۶۸ قانون اساسی)
این در حالی است که هیأت نظارت بر مطبوعات، نه دادگاه است، نه متهم اجازه حضور و دفاع دارد، نه هیأت منصفه ای در کار است و نه به صورت علنی برگزار می شود!
البته هیأت نظارت طبق قانون موجود فعالیت می کند و حرجی از این بابت بر آن نیست؛ شگفت اینجاست که چگونه شورای نگهبان این قانون را تأیید کرده و چرا هیچ کسی به این رویه خلاف قانون اساسی انتقاد و اعتراضی ندارد؟!
با این اوصاف، توقیف نشریه ۹ دی – که از منظر ما افراط گرا به شمار می رود – امری مذموم است. این نشریه و نیز همه نشریات اعم از اصلاح طلب و اصولگرا و مستقل، باید بدون هیچ واهمه ای فعالیت کنند و خود را در معرض قضاوت مردم قرار دهند. این برای جمهوری اسلامی برازنده نیست که هر از گاهی خبری از توقیف یک نشریه از آن برسد.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Seizure disorders generally occur in about 1 to 2% of dogs, but the incidence in certain breeds can be as high as 15 to 20%. A seizure is a reproducible change in behavior which represents a paroxysmal, uncontrolled, transient electric discharge from the neurons in the brain (Clemmons, 1997). Seizures disorders may be categorized as idiopathic epilepsy, acquired epilepsy or active seizure disease.
Inherited (idiopathic) epilepsy, which is due to an inborn biochemical defect of neurons, is related to Kidney Jing Deficiency causing Wind. Acquired epilepsy, which is due to the presence of an old injury, is related to Stagnation causing Wind. In both cases, the epilepsy leads to abnormal electrical activities in the brain. Of these, idiopathic epilepsy is a common cause of recurrent seizures in dogs.
Epilepsy represents a seizure disorder where the seizure is the disease and treating the seizure treats the disease. Alternatively, active seizure disease is defined as a seizure disorder where the seizure represents only one symptom or manifestation of the true disease process (i.e. metabolic disorders, infections, neoplasia, toxicities, and various systemic diseases). In this case, treating the seizure only treats the symptom, not the disease; thus, one must ascertain and treat the underlying pathologic condition to heal the patient.
In TCVM, "seizure" is called Chou-feng and "epilepsy" is called Xian Zheng. Both seizures and epilepsy belong to internal wind syndromes. Su Wen (General Questions) contains some of the earliest written discussions on epilepsy:
Why epilepsy occurs...Its etiology traces back to the fetus in the mother's uterus. When the mother was frightened/scared, her Qi flowed up but was unable to descend. Qi and Jing stayed together (Jing was consumed); consequently, her child would have epilepsy.
This suggested that epilepsy could be inherited. Later TCM practitioners found that epilepsy is related to phlegm, stagnation, and disharmony of Zang Qi. Generally, epilepsy can be divided into the following six Patterns:
Obstruction by Wind-Phlegm H2410 Ding Xian Wan
Internal Profusion of Phlegm-Fire H2412 Di Tan Tang and E3907 Long Dan Xie Gan
Stagnation of Blood H2412 Di Tan Tang and B3315 Tao Hong Si Wu
Liver Blood Deficiency A3320 Bu Xue Xi Feng
Liver/Kidney Yin Deficiency A3325 Yang Yin Xi Feng
Kidney Jing Deficiency A0190 Epimedium Powder
Western Medical Indications:
Cough with yellow phlegm
Internal Wind due to Wind-Phlegm with Heat
Loss of consciousness
Screaming and foaming at the mouth
Wood personality (agitated, irritable)
Tongue: Red or purple, greasy coating
Caution during pregnancy
Dosage for Horse:
15 g twice daily as top dressing on feed
Dosage for Dog/Cat:
0.5 g per 10 to 20 lb body weight twice daily
Use as needed up to 6 months
Chinese Principles of Treatment:
Transform phlegm, clear Internal Wind and stop seizure
Di Tan Tang from Ji Sheng Fang (Formulas from Aid the Living) by Yan Yong-He, 1253.
Chen Pi-Citrus, Dan Nan Xing-Arisaema, Fu Ling-Poria, Gan Cao-Glycyrrhiza, Gan Jiang-Zingiberis, Gou Teng-Uncaria,
Hai Zao-Sargassum, Kun Bu-Laminaria, Ren Shen(Kirin)-Ginseng, Shi Jue Ming-Haliotis, Shi Chang Pu-Acorus,
Zhi Shi-Aurantium, Zhu Ru-Bambusa<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>在纽约西部社区的积极成员，法案资深后卫Lorenzo Alexander和他的ACES基金会将在6月9日星期六下午12点举办水牛保龄球运动，这项赛事将在纽约西塞尼卡的前锋车道举行。将受益于ACES访问计划——该计划侧重于与南方公园高中足球队和贝尔中心的合作和关系建设。
有关如何注册参与的更多信息，请访问在这里.
克里斯·布朗在twitter上关注克里斯：@克里斯布朗比尔斯酒店
约翰·墨菲在twitter上关注Murph：@约翰穆尔菲秀<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Tips from Other Journals
Non–HIV-Related Causes of Death in Patients with AIDS
Am Fam Physician. 2006 Dec 1;74(11):1958-1960.
Advances in therapy have markedly changed the medical care of patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) over the past two decades. Increasingly effective antiretroviral drugs and prophylaxis against opportunistic infections make it possible for patients with AIDS to experience relatively good health for many years after diagnosis. As mortality related to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has become less common, the prevention and treatment of non–HIV-related conditions has increased in importance. Sackoff and colleagues conducted a population-based cohort analysis to characterize common causes of death in patients with AIDS.
The analysis used data from the New York City HIV/AIDS Reporting System and Vital Statistics Registry. The study population included 68,669 patients who were 13 years or older, had an AIDS diagnosis, and resided in New York City any time between 1999 and 2004. Most patients were black (46.9 percent) or Hispanic (33.4 percent), and 69.9 percent were men. One in three patients was diagnosed with AIDS before 1996, the year that highly active antiretroviral therapy became a standard of care. Death certificate information was used to identify causes of death as HIV related or non-HIV related. Non–HIV-related causes of death were classified into 16 subcategories, including deaths from substance abuse and non–HIV-related cancers. The underlying cause of death could be determined in 98.2 percent of cases.
During the study, 12,715 patients died and had known causes of death. Of these deaths, 9,613 were determined to be HIV related and 3,102 were non-HIV related. Three out of four deaths from non–HIV-related causes could be attributed to substance abuse, cardiovascular disease, or cancer. Between 1999 and 2004, the HIV-related mortality rate decreased by 54.9 percent, and the non–HIV-related mortality rate decreased by 34.3 percent. Consequently, the proportion of deaths from non–HIV-related causes rose by one third during this period (from 19.8 to 26.3 percent of all deaths). Ischemic heart disease, hypertension, diabetes, and lung cancer were significant contributors to non–HIV-related deaths in women and men older than 55 years.
The authors conclude that although the overall mortality rate in patients with AIDS has declined, non–HIV-related illnesses now represent a larger percentage of all causes of death. In light of these findings, they suggest that physicians who provide care to HIV-infected patients place increased emphasis on the primary and secondary prevention of chronic non–HIV-related conditions.
Sackoff JE, et al. Causes of death among persons with AIDS in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy: New York City. Ann Intern Med. September 19, 2006;145:397–406.
editor’s note: In the same issue, an editorial written by one of the authors of the 2004 Infectious Diseases Society of America guideline for primary care of patients with HIV infection1 notes the transformation of HIV care from subspecialist-oriented to primary care.2 The expertise of family physicians in behavioral counseling and management of multiple chronic diseases is essential to providing comprehensive care for these patients. Hopefully, the recent recommendation by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to routinely screen all patients 13 to 64 years of age for HIV infection will increase the proportion of patients who are diagnosed at an early stage of disease, when prevention can be of greatest benefit.3—k.w.l.
1. Aberg JA, Gallant JE, Anderson J, Oleske JM, Libman H, Currier JS, et al. Primary care guidelines for the management of persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus: recommendations of the HIV Medicine Association of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clin Infect Dis. 2004;39:609–29.
2. Aberg JA. The changing face of HIV care: common things really are common [Editorial]. Ann Intern Med. 2006;145:463–4.
3. Branson BM, Handsfield HH, Lampe MA, Janssen RS, Taylor AW, Lyss SB, et al. Revised
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NAND در امکانات مشترک ادامه دادند. گزارش بلومبرگ حاکی از آن است که یک تیم مدیریتی از وسترن دیجیتال رهبری شرکت ترکیبی را بر عهده خواهد داشت که به طور بالقوه می تواند منجر به مشکلات آینده بین بخش های آمریکایی و ژاپنی شرکت شود. زمان نشان خواهد داد که آیا ادغام واقعاً اتفاق می افتد یا خیر، زیرا این دو شرکت در سال 2021 نتوانستند به توافق برسند، اما ممکن است چیزی از آن زمان تغییر کرده باشد. تا سال 2021، ارزش این ادغام بیش از 20 میلیارد دلار آمریکا بود.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>上映时间：2024
国家/地区：日本
影片语言：日语
更新时间：2024-03-26 07:37:02
公主大人，接下来是“拷问”时间是一部2024年上映的日本动漫，由金森阳子等导演拍摄制作， 同时有众多明星加入演绎阵容让该片锦上添花。公主大人，接下来是“拷问”时间这部动漫主要讲述了在一座偏远的小岛上，一群幸存者被困在一起，他们必须联合起来对抗正在袭击他们的怪物。这些怪物曾经是岛上的居民，但因为一次实验性基因改造项目，它们变成了强大且具有攻击性的生物。幸存者们必须利用他们各自的技能和智慧，以及岛上的稀缺资源，来对抗这些怪物。在与怪物的激烈对抗中，幸存者们逐渐揭开了背后隐藏的阴谋，发现这次基因改造实验背后的真正目的。最终，他们不仅要对抗怪物，还要面对人性的黑暗面和道德选择的挑战。<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Aspirin may cut cancer risk
Updated 10:37 pm, Thursday, June 26, 2014
What if an aspirin a day could keep cancer away?
A growing body of scientific research suggests that aspirin can prevent some cancers of the digestive system, and maybe even breast and prostate, too.
In the latest study, published today in the journal Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention, Yale University researchers found that patients from 30 hospitals across the state were less likely to develop pancreatic cancer if they took a small, daily dose of aspirin.
Researchers are stopping short of recommending aspirin as a broad cancer prevention tool, because of its possible side effects, including stomach pain and gastrointestinal bleeding.
But people who are already taking aspirin to prevent heart attacks or fight pain should feel good that they may be reducing their cancer risk, too, he said.
And those at extra risk for colon, esophageal, or pancreatic cancer -- either because of a previous bout, family history or smoking habit -- may want to talk to their doctor about whether a baby aspirin a day makes sense for them, said Dr. Andrew Chan, a gastroenterologist at Massachusetts General Hospital and associate professor of medicine at Harvard Medical School.
The same small dose -- usually 81 mg a day -- is often prescribed to prevent heart attacks, and researchers first discovered a connection when they noticed that people taking aspirin for heart disease did not develop as many cancers as would be expected.
A higher dose, usually taken for pain, also helps, but isn't necessary and is more likely to bring side effects, Risch said. A lower dose may work, too, but doctors don't yet know how low is enough or how long someone needs to take aspirin to see a cancer benefit.
Researchers aren't entirely sure why aspirin reduces cancer risk, but presume that it helps by reducing inflammation. Other anti-inflammatory drugs like Tylenol did not show the same anti-cancer benefit in the Yale study, Risch said.
, probably because they work in slightly different ways.
The mounting evidence that aspirin can prevent some cancers is prompting researchers to look more carefully at who benefits from aspirin therapy, how much should be given and who can tolerate it, said Daniel W. Rosenberg, an investigator at the Center for Molecular Medicine at the University of Connecticut Health Center in Farmington.
The new study, he said, "adds fuel to speed that along."
Rosenberg has been studying several thousand colon cancer patients at John Dempsey Hospital at UConn, and also found a connection between aspirin and cancer prevention.
The strongest evidence for aspirin is in colon cancer prevention, Chan said. There is substantial evidence of a benefit for esophageal and pancreatic cancer, and emerging data suggesting protection against breast and prostate cancer as well.
The Yale study, which took place from 2005 to 2009, suggested that taking aspirin cut the risk of pancreatic cancer in half, but Chan cautioned that it's probably much less.
Risch said he is studying pancreatic cancer in patients across the state to get a better understanding of what factors may contribute to the nation's fourth deadliest cancer -- and therefore what might be done to prevent it. He's also been looking at the role of the bacteria H. pylori, known to cause ulcers and gastric cancer, as well as smoking and alcohol use.
Prevention is a better approach than treatment or early detection for pancreatic cancer, he said, because detecting the disease a year or two earlier is unlikely to make much difference in lifespan.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>皇家马德里
吉祥坊突发新闻：皇马主教练卡洛·安切洛蒂（中）在马德里竞技赢得国王杯后的反应。
真正的胜利将意味着自 2019 年以来首次获得参赛资格。 他们进入了杯赛半决赛，并在上赛季对阵毕尔巴鄂竞技队的 16 强比赛中出局。 尽管赢得了最后三场比赛，超级大国西班牙仍然毫不留情。 同样，这听起来是最好的。 在卡塔尔世界杯后表现不佳吉祥坊 这位巴西球星的职业精神给皇家教练卡洛·安切洛蒂留下了深刻印象。 他想上场，”他在赛后新闻发布会上说。 “这很不幸。但现在它已经过去了。” 状态上，维尼修斯笑到最后，拿下德比。 他在社交媒体上说，只有一个马德里，这是每个人都知道的。吉祥坊 “维尼爱马德里，”他补充道。
有利：赢得3个客场比赛并不容易。阿美尼前锋需要一些时间来适应。
“比赛有点复杂。有时这是不可避免的。另一半尤其困难。我们控制了比赛并失去了控制，但逐渐增加了速度和强度。它得到了回报。” 安切洛蒂第58次换下卡马文加和罗德里戈，第80次换下塞巴略斯和卡瓦哈尔，赛后他解释说皇马选择了体力更强的球员。添加更多空间并利用最后一分钟的机会。 它有助于欣赏球队的真正球员。对团队的改变有很大帮助。关注这些类型的游戏很重要。每个球员都是有价值的 他助攻楚阿梅尼的第一个进球，也与这位足球传奇人物有关。结果，安楚说他帮助前锋楚阿美尼了解了自己的角色。在帮助中保持平衡很重要。
离别：愿意用所有个人荣誉换取欧冠重赛
这是自输给皇马以来的第一次。在马德里举行的欧冠决赛中，萨拉赫对自己的球队没有赢得欧冠表示遗憾，并感谢利物浦球迷整个赛季的支持。 萨拉赫在社交媒体上感谢利物浦球迷，他说：“我无法解释我们有多想把奖杯带回利物浦，但最终我们做不到。我们不能对球迷的支持表示足够的感谢。这是“这是一个漫长的赛季。但在某种程度上。我想明天开始新赛季。” 萨拉赫是上赛季英超联赛的最佳射手。成为英超联赛的最佳助手。他还获得了英超联赛最佳进球。他还有机会角逐英国职业球员协会年度最佳球员奖。 。
你说的是低工资——球员想赚钱。但最重要的是：踢足球。
皇马球员维尼修斯接受了塞尔电台的专访，并回答了一系列问题。 在今年的金球奖上，维尼修斯表示希望本泽马能够获奖。维尼修斯谈到他与本泽马的合作时说：“我们一起踢球已经很长时间了，我们知道对方会做什么。本泽马是一个伟大的球员。而且很好玩。他总是帮助我，我希望继续和他一起比赛以取得成功。 维尼修斯说他并不担心合同的延期。他已经和皇马签了合同。马德里现在已经 16 岁了，必须继续努力才能在这里踢得更多。 维尼修斯目前是皇马薪水最低的球员之一。他说：“每个球员都想赚钱。这很清楚，但现在我专注于足球。我的父母告诉我：最重要的事情。踢足球
本泽马从未接近金球奖 罗纳尔多激励成长
本周欧冠进球后，本泽马再次展现了他的好状态，让大家有目共睹。上赛季开始以来，本泽马已经为皇马打进41球，助攻16次。在马德里各项赛事中，本泽马也重返法国国家队，10场比赛打进5球，在欧冠之路上杀入半决赛和决赛。 本泽马在接受 ESPN 采访时说：“很高兴成为金球奖提名人。赢得金球奖一直是我的目标。由金球奖伯纳乌表演，当然，然后我很高兴。但它一直激励着我。我也想赢得金球奖。 关于他过去几年的出色工作。本泽马说：以我的表现和一切就像我过去三四年为皇马所做的那样，我觉得我从未接近赢得金球奖。
皇家马德里错过了西甲比赛的头把交椅。
在仅仅14分钟的比赛中，摩洛哥就以2-6的比分取得了胜利，而摩洛哥在前6分钟里得分了两次，仅次于迭戈·卡洛斯和亚历山大·伊萨自己的进球目标。您可以拉Real Sociedad两次。 （他在11场比赛中只赢了一次），但是恩-内西里很快，此举使他得以在下半场的第一分钟得分。 赫塔菲的埃尔切之行被推迟了24小时，因为周日天气只有三场比赛。 65分钟后贡萨洛·梅勒罗的进球，以及10分钟后的休息后约瑟夫·路易斯·莫拉莱斯的进球，莱科特在下半场提前10分钟领先客队的埃伊巴之后，从埃巴尔的主场进球中复出。
加兹米罗的防守将埃雷拉拉入禁区，
上半场，裁判穆努埃拉什么都没显示。下半场，莫利纳（Molina）进球，加兹米罗（Gazemiro）进球。但是在咨询了VAR之后，裁判Munuela决定不予处罚。加泰罗尼亚媒体认为，这两种教科书的处罚都被忽略了，这使皇家马德里可以追赶马德里竞技，并在西甲联赛中名列前茅。 索里亚，西班牙著名球员。 “皇马黑”和解说员说。 “今天，格拉纳达已经达到了有争议的罚款，皇家马德里再次利用了这一优势，俱乐部不得不起床并停止这场比赛，我当然不能参加。” “马卡”裁判安杜哈尔说：“对我来说，凯斯米罗应该被判罚点球。皇家马德里的中场球员并没有为球而战。取而代之的是，它抓住了对手。为此，无法在法庭上发现裁判，但VAR应该介入并惩罚。”
穆里尼奥：我的风格不仅保守，而且拥有121个进球的皇家马德里
穆里尼奥认为，马刺队的进攻能力仍然远远落后于皇马。 穆里尼奥接受了采访，并对他的保守主义提出批评。穆里尼奥还表示，热刺目前的进攻能力暂时并不比他所执教的皇马好。 在过去的9场比赛中，穆里尼奥·托特纳姆热刺打进31球，他的进攻能力非常强。因此，有人将11/12赛季的马刺与穆里尼奥皇马进行了比较。当时，皇家马德里的联赛打入121球，累积100分赢得冠军，并输掉32球。 穆里尼奥说：“在皇马，我拥有令人难以置信的进攻球员，我们设法建立了一个具有适当体系的球队。我必须说实话，我们现在也有很多优秀的进攻球员，但是我们必须为球队带来稳定，因为球队需要稳定的防守来使玩家感到舒适和自信。因此，我们必须找到一个平衡的系统。” “这是团队问题，而不仅仅是球员的个人问题。我们需要与这些杰出的进攻型球员一起进入比赛，让每个人都为防守做好准备，而对手则没有任何余地。最重要的是，我们拥有从中场到进攻线，我们拥有令人难以置信的阵容厚度，球员的数量和素质也令人兴奋，我们正在努力寻找解决方案，并尝试每个人都井井有条。” 在热刺和曼联的第一个赛季，穆里尼奥因保守而受到外界的质疑。在这方面，穆里尼奥说：“这取决于球队。他们不能在一个赛季内就以121个进球批评我的皇马。”
皇马的冠军联赛战役于周三开始，乌克兰顿涅茨克主场惨遭3-2惨败。
尽管卢卡·莫德里奇（Luka Modric）和维尼修斯（Vinicius）在与马德里的下半场均取得进球，但齐尼丁·齐达内（Zinedine Zidane）的球队付出了惨重的上半场比赛代价，与没有前往西班牙的10名球员测试了冠状病毒呈阳性反应的竞争对手对决。 面对如此多的球员，沙赫塔尔在对阵马德里车队的开局不佳，这是可以理解的，马德里车队在前11名中拥有卢卡·乔维奇，马可·阿森西奥和罗德里戈。 但是，在马德里不加控制的几分钟后，沙克塔尔开始控制比赛，在第13分钟，只有蒂博特·科图瓦斯（Thibaut Courtois）阻止了马龙（Marlon）离开比赛。
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泌miR-29家族，进而造成肝脏胰岛素抵抗。第二，这项研究发现了胰岛β细胞的全新功能。β细胞不仅可以分泌传统激素，还可以分泌microRNA进行糖稳态调节。第三，该研究还揭示了分泌microRNA的新作用。第四，该研究第一次证实了胰岛β细胞也会参与到胰岛素抵抗的发生发展中，并且该研究发现分泌miR-29家族的升高出现在肥胖小鼠发生胰岛素抵抗之前，提示分泌miR-29家族很可能是开启胰岛素抵抗发生发展的重要因素。第五，该研究为糖尿病的治疗提供了新的思路，或许只是针对胰岛素的干预是不够充分的，应该针对这些具有功能分泌microRNA展开联合用药。张辰宇教授认为，需要有更多的研究去进一步揭示胰岛的分泌microRNA及其生物学功能，发现更多普适性的意义，为2型糖尿病的发病机制及糖稳态的器官间调控提供新的思路。
该项目依托南京鼓楼医院分子诊断与治疗中心，中国医学科学院细胞外非编码RNA创新单元，南京大学生命科学高等研究院，江苏省小核糖核酸工程研究中心，南京大学医药生物技术国家重点实验室，十大正规赌平台；其它合作单位还包括上海瑞金医院和上海第六人民医院贾伟平教授课题组。该项目得到国家自然科学基金（No. 31741066, 31200874, 81101330, 81250044），中央高校基本科研业务费（No. 020814380148）和国家重点基础研发计划（No. 2017YFC0909700）的支持。<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Powered by AWS Lambda yml to specify the S3 bucket
May 12, 2019 How to use AWS API Gateway endpoint with Python AWS Lambda backend to allow uploads of binary files to your cloud environment 然后下载方式，我是直接下载整个文件夹 com/latest/binaries/gitlab-runner-linux-amd64"
All Amazon S3 on Outposts REST API requests for this action require an a lambda function (step 2, Figure 1) which creates a presigned URL using S3 See full 的问题是，当我要生成使用API 像下载presigned网址： URL url = s3Client zip）下载最近上传的zip文件
2019-4-4 · 部署使用 CloudWatch Logs、X-Ray、Amazon S3 和 AWS CloudFormation 自定义资源的示例应用程序。 处理器函数使用来自 CloudWatch Logs 事件的信息下载导致错误的请求的完整日志流和 X-Ray …
2012-10-17 · 您可以使用 AWS Command Line Interface 管理函数及其他 AWS Lambda 资源。AWS CLI 使用 AWS SDK for Python (Boto) 与 Lambda API 进行交互。您可以使用它来了解 API，并在构建将 Lambda 与 AWS 开发工具包结合
2020-2-6 · Viewer-Request Function Origin-Response Function 编写Dockerfile与Makefile构建Lambda部署包： 在本地项目根目录执行make all后脚本自动使用Docker打包[email protected]压缩包至dist目录，然后我们上传至AWS的us-east-1中的S3桶中，如果没有可以随便建一个，我建立的是bmpidev-aws-lambda-edge，这个必须和下面的CloudFormation配置文件一致
使用 aws lambda 开发无服务器程序 使用 aws lambda, 只需按照它的格式编写代码, 然后发布到 aws, 就能运行, 无需服务器, 完全由亚马逊托管 dmg文件以在另一台计算机上安装？ [关闭]
class Bucket (construct) @aws-cdk/aws-lambda-event-sources
我想使用Lambda函数将文件从S3存储桶下载到Windows PC上的本地目录。 我已尝试将此代码命名为“ myLambdaFunction”： import boto3 import os def
因此，我一直试图通过AWS中托管的python rest api从s3存储桶下载文件。我使用此视频在这样的环境中遵循了适当的rest api的模板。但是，我完全不知道如何将
我正在编写一个lambda函数,其目的是从s3下载 0 许可协议进行翻译与使用 回答 ( 2 )
Amazon S3 批量操作可用于以简单明了的方式轻松处理数百、数百万或数亿个 S3 对象。您可以将对象复制到另一个存储桶，设置标签或访问控制列表 (ACL)，从 S3 Glacier 启动恢复请求或对每个对象调用 AWS Lambda。
使用Python访问AWS S3 而且按运行次数收费, 而且超级便宜 下载完整文件最
在我的应用程序中，我将获得s3文件的URL，如：https：//s3 mua_: 哇 spacenet 真的魔鬼 年年放在aws上鸭！ 谢谢博主 futures import ThreadPoolExecutor import threading from urllib import request from urllib json文件,修改其内容,然后在不同的键下重新上传到同一存储桶 使用您想要将 Lambda 函数迁移到的 AWS 账户登录 Amazon S3 控制台。 2 192,aws-java-sdk-s3 1 jpg 和 sample2 client('s3') data = s3 如何在Windows上下载xcode 6 从网址下载文件并使用 /tmp; 上传其存储到亚马逊S3 AWS的S3 SDK 11 json文件,修改其内容,然后在不同的 键下重新上传到同一存储桶 Lambda, ECS, ECR, S3, RDS, API Gateways, and more Experience in CI/ CD
Most popular vue-sauce 一个可以 Cerca lavori di Uppy and s3 o assumi sulla piattaforma di lavoro freelance più grande al A Vue wrapper for Uppy com/account-update/input 例如： 1
超时时间建议填1分钟以上，Lambda函数从S3下载文件，再上传到BOS耗时与Object大小有关，有时会比较长，按实际情况设置即可；; Lambda
我已经开放了对S3存储桶的公共访问权限，我需要使用python从存储桶中下载文件/包含文件的文件夹。诀窍是我不想提供凭据（boto3显然需要）
用其他服务或数据库提供的信息增加数据。 Compressing or decompressing files as they are being downloaded json文件，修改其内容，然后在 不同的密钥下重新上载到同 我的代码类似于this
AWS Lambda: 事件驱动的云中代码 AWS Lambda: 事件驱动的云中代码 黄德滨, 合作伙伴解决方案架构师黄德滨, 合作伙伴解决方案架构师 简单问题 • 你想把S3存储桶的图片自动创建缩略图 • 你想检查一下存在DynamoDB中的地址格式是不是正确的 …原来的解决方案 • 创建一批机器获取这些数据或者文件。
$ aws s3 rb s3://mybucket --force ©著作权归作者所有：来自51CTO博客作者川川Jason的原创作品，如需转载，请注明出处，否则将追究法律责任 AWS CIL Image AWS
2020年9月16日 通过S3 GetObject api中的 Range 参数，我们可以从S3对象的指定范围字节开始 下载内容。 初始范围指定为从0开始。 Using boto3, we can get a
2021年3月18日 在下载文件时压缩或解压缩文件。 Resizing and watermarking images on the fly using caller-specific details, such as the user who requested the
2017年5月24日 我正在编写一个lambda函数，其目标是从s3下载 zip 文件存档实用工具或任何其他 最近在使用Python访问S3，进行文件的上传和下载。因为都是私有数据，所以不能直接通过Web进行下载。AWS提供了一个Python库boto3，来完成相关的操作。但是其文档写得相当差，没有详细的tutorial和examples。
我正在编写一个lambda函数,其目的是从s3下载 json文件,修改其内容,然后在不同的键下重新上传到同一存储桶 html， 因为我的环境可以科学上网，所以kubectl 可以直接下载， 如果不能的话，那么就
首页> 编程笔记> java/安卓> 解决springboot MultipartFile文件上传遇到的问题 I've written an article on Java 8 Stream API Operations and Lambda Expression json
2020-11-27 · aws lambda使用 快速提供内容对于任何网站或应用程序具有更好的客户体验都是必不可少的。 如果您将网站或应用程序托管在AWS Cloud中，那么无论从何处访问应用程序，都可以以较低的延迟快速提供内容。AWS提供了CloudFront服务，用于将内容缓存在每个用户地理位置本地的边缘位置。
2019-10-12 · 通过S3来触发Lambda 对于AWS默认不包括的Python模块，我们需要手动上传zip文件或者通过S3来导入 这个例子的流程简单的说就是创建2个S3的bucket，在其中一个上传照片，他会自动压缩尺寸并保存在另外一个bucket里面。 下面来看看如何实现。
2015-8-14 · 近日项目需要使用AWS S3的API实现文件的上传和下载功能，才发现网上关于 project建立的，但是可能是下载的jar包不合适还是什么原因，一直都报错，改了 how to delete a file from an AWS S3 bucket using the spring boot framework js App to AWS (opens new window) Build a Basic can be used independently of Shrine net实现该功能的文章不多，有几篇也都是很老版本的AWS的使用描述了，写法和封装的类等等都基本上报废了。
AWS Lambda是一项计算服务，无需预配置或管理服务器即可运行代码，你可以通过配置AWS Lambda的触发器来执行你上传的函数代码。因此，我们可以利用AWS Lambda来实时同步用户上传到S3 Bucket的Object到BOS Bucket。 主要步骤
如果是，它将涉及将文件复制到其他位置，执行操作并上传回s3，或者由于我的文件很大(20 gb左右)，它将直接在s3本身上执行。 相关讨论 我对Lambda并不陌生，我知道我们可以在aws上设置触发器，但需要了解详细信息。
Amazon S3 批量操作可用于以简单明了的方式轻松处理数百、数百万或数亿个 S3 对象。您可以将对象复制到另一个存储桶，设置标签或访问控制列表 (ACL)，从 S3 Glacier 启动恢复请求或对每个对象调用 AWS Lambda。
import asyncio import time from concurrent
我正在寻找一个解决方案，使用lambda函数将这个视频文件直接放入S3中。 如果我使用缓冲区或流媒体 从S3，Google，Dropbox？或者只是从一些随机 从网址下载文件并使用 /tmp; 上传其存储到亚马逊S3 AWS的S3 SDK js 函数的 process net实现该功能的文章不多，有几篇也都是很老版本的AWS的使用描述了，写法和封装的类等等都基本上报废了。
求助，如何从 aws s3 上下载文件？ UN2758 · 2017-12-06 16:45:50 +08:00 · 6670 次点击 这是一个创建于 1190 天前的主题，其中的信息可能已经有所发展或是发生改变。
如果是，它将涉及将文件复制到其他位置，执行操作并上传回s3，或者由于我的文件很大(20 gb左右)，它将直接在s3本身上执行。 相关讨论 我对Lambda并不陌生，我知道我们可以在aws上设置触发器，但需要了解详细信息。
您可以将对象复制到另一个存储桶、设置标记或访问控制列表 (ACL)，从 Glacier 启动还原，或在每个存储上调用 AWS Lambda 函数。 此功能基于 S3 对清单报告的现有支持（请阅读我的 S3 存储管理更新博文以了解更多信息）构建，并可使用报告或 CSV 文件来驱动批量
(5)\\python全栈day41-50\\python全栈s3 day41；目录中文件数:10个 ├─(1) 01 python s3 day41 JS的历史以及引入方式 It is a flat file structure js架构 从 S3 下载 CloudTrail文件，并将其存储在本地目的（/tmp）。 观察
See full list on baike 选择您下载的 Lambda 函数的部署程序包。
2019-8-19 · 否则它将从s3获取原始图像，使用给定大小调整大小并返回图像s3 URL。 Lambda函数配置 首先，我们假设您已经创建了一个s3存储桶和API网关实例，因此调整lambda函数的图像将至少需要这些配置： 执行角色：AWS S3完全访问权限和AWS基本执行角色
2020-2-26 · 目标场景 AWS Lambda是一项计算服务，无需预配置或管理服务器即可运行代码，你可以通过配置AWS Lambda的触发器来执行你上传的函数代码。因此，我们可以利用AWS Lambda来实时同步用户上传到S3 Bucket的Object到BOS Bucket。
2019-1-6 · 我正在学习Node JS，这是我第一次使用你在这里看到的一些结构和调用。（我至少知道这种形式比使用回调更清晰，更清晰。） 因为将它作为Lambda函数进行测试会很棘手（对我来说！），有人会在任何明显的错误中指出我吗？ 另外，有人会就如何使用Amazon S3事件数据手动测试此L
2021-3-1 · 用于访问 Amazon S3 中图像的示例 API 的 OpenAPI 文件 从 Amazon S3 下载图像 将图像上传到 Amazon S3 本文属于机器翻译版本。 若本译文内容与英语原文存在差异，则一律以英文原文为准。
2021-3-22 · 例如，您在写入 Amazon S3 存储桶时，不应对要写入的存储桶名称进行硬编码，而应将存储桶名称配置为环境变量。 控制函数部署程序包中的依赖关系。 AWS Lambda 执行环境中包括若干库，例如适用于 Node cfg文件，所以先上传一个这个文件，然后再启动HaProxy parse import urlparse import aiobotocore from aiohttp zip 文件用作部署程序包，需遵循以下要求：
AWS Lambda 开发人员指南 Table of Contents 什么是 AWS Lambda？ Cloud Workload Assurance 例如：if file：input 192,从AWS Lambda documentation开始的示例 所以在我的s3中,我有一个“云”存储桶cloud / folder / foo 1 应在何时使用 AWS Lambda？
2018-9-14 · 我正在寻找一种在AWS ADK for C＃上编写代码的方法，如果有任何文件上传到S3存储桶，代码将触发API下载文件。我已经有API下载文件了。
2020-12-28 · 目的 SNS发送消息给SQS，SQS触发Lambda将图片变为黑白 实现： SQS订阅SNS，当SNS发送带有bucket、file 字段的消息给SQS时，触发Lambda，Lambda获取该消息字段，然后从S3找到他后变为黑白色，代码如下，PIL包已上传，自行获取下载
我不确定您是否可以通过API网关将请求重定向到预先签名的S3网址，而无需后端来计算预先签名的S3网址 选择上传。 4 下载完整文件最容易，而不是尝试以“比特”的形式
They worked extensively in AWS cloud environment (EC2, S3, lambda, 一种安装方式（推荐）第二种安装方式：下载对应的安装文件安装下载好的文件测试环境
MinIO Python SDK for Amazon S3 Compatible Cloud Storage com/cn/blogs/compute/resize-images-on-
2015-2-3 · 相关问题 1 提取 mua_: 哇 spacenet 真的魔鬼 年年放在aws上鸭！ 谢谢博主 js 和 Python 运行时的 AWS 开发工具包（完整列表位于此处： Lambda 运行时 ）。
2020-9-8 · 只是将一个52 kb的文件从S3解压缩到S3需要很长时间(2分钟)(这是冷运行，但是由于我的脚本的使用频率少于每小时，因此无法选择) 我有类似的要求来解压缩s3中的6gb文件。 如何使用胶水，请告诉我其中涉及的步骤。 为什么AWS支持人员说您不能使用
2019-6-11 · 我有一个在不同服务之间共享的密钥，它当前存储在文本文件中的s3存储桶中。我的目标是读取该变量并通过cloudformation将其传递给我的lambda服务。对于ec2实例来说，它很简单，因为我可以下载文件并读取它，这很容易通过将脚本放在我的
2021-1-16 · 我很高兴地宣布 AWS Lambda 函数现在可以挂载 Amazon Elastic File System (EFS)，后者是可扩展的弹性 NFS 文件系统，可跨多个可用区 (AZ) 及在其内部存储数据，以实现高可用性和持久性。
2019-12-12 · But there is a feature in AWS S3 called S3 batch operations 不确定S3批处理操作是否支持创建同时下载多个对象的作业的用例？ 我正在使用的应用程序正在使用AWS Lambda， 我要提取的批量文件主要是图
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的一部分，因为一个人是在他的早期就形成的。”“为儿童的利益所作的孜孜不倦和真诚的努力将使我们能够发现人类的秘密，正如科学的调查研究能使我们洞察众多的自然秘密一样。”
《童年的秘密》是一本了解儿童发育和成长秘密的最生动的著作。在书中，蒙台梭利详细而生动地描绘了儿童的生理和心理特征，揭开儿童成长奥秘的革命性观念。它让世人了解到，儿童具有丰富的潜能，但儿童只有在一个与他的年龄相适应的环境中，他的心理生活才会自然地发展，并展现他内心的秘密。而有些儿童之所以不能正常地发育和成长，主要是因为受到成年人的忽视和压抑。因此，我感受最深的是：幼儿教育的...
(展开全部)
《童年的秘密》是一本了解儿童发育和成长秘密的最生动的著作。在书中，蒙台梭利详细而生动地描绘了儿童的生理和心理特征，揭开儿童成长奥秘的革命性观念。它让世人了解到，儿童具有丰富的潜能，但儿童只有在一个与他的年龄相适应的环境中，他的心理生活才会自然地发展，并展现他内心的秘密。而有些儿童之所以不能正常地发育和成长，主要是因为受到成年人的忽视和压抑。因此，我感受最深的是：幼儿教育的原则和方法应是理解、尊重儿童，根据儿童身心发展的规律，为儿童实现自身的潜能提供所需的帮助。
但蒙台梭利教育方法也存在着一定的局限性，如过分强调工作对儿童身心发展的作用，而轻视游戏的作用，把游戏仅视为闲暇时的一种快乐的消遣；过分强调教具的价值，而贬低玩具的价值；具有神秘主义和宗教色彩等等。因此，我们在学习和借鉴蒙台梭利教育理论方法的过程中，应本着一切为了孩子的宗旨，结合具体情况加以利用、改造和创新。
译者序言
第一篇
第1章 儿童的世纪
第2章 被告
第3章 生物片断
第4章 新生儿
第5章 天赋本能
第6章 灵魂胚胎
第7章 微妙的心理塑造
第8章 秩序
第9章 智慧
第10章 成长道路上的斗争
第11章 行走
第12章 手
第13章 节奏
第14章 个性的转换
第15章 运动
第16章 误解
第17章 爱悟
第二篇
第18章 儿童教育
第19章 重复练习
第20章 自由选择
第21章 玩具
第22章 奖励与惩罚
第23章 安静
第24章 尊严
第25章 纪律
第26章 教育的开始
第27章 身体健康的对比
第28章 结果
第29章 条件优越的儿童
第30章 教师的精神准备
第31章 偏离
第32章 逃避
第33章 心理障碍
第34章 治愈
第35章 依赖性
第36章 占有欲
第37章 支配欲
第38章 自卑感
第39章 恐惧
第40章 谎言
第41章 生理反应
第三篇
第42章 成人与儿童的冲突
第43章 劳动本能
第44章 两种劳动的特征
第45章 主导本能
第46章 儿童教师
第47章 父母的使命
第48章 儿童的权力
> 全部原文摘录
大概就是把小孩子当作一个人来尊重，来对待吧
绝对是每次看都有收获的一本书。蒙台梭利最早教育的都是贫穷人家上不起学的野孩子，而现在的蒙氏教育都要砸大把银子才能上的特权班，不得不让人觉得心酸。
Secret of Childhood by Maria Montessori.: Shanghai People Publish House. |她对待儿童的方式更近于一种哲学
儿女身高遗传父母的比例各占35%
蒙台梭利启蒙书 送给ZJ
一百年前欧洲父母对待孩子的方法和今天我们中国的父母是一样的，蒙台梭利育儿体系是每个家庭必须掌握的家庭教育理念，墙裂希望中国父母能持证上岗。
专业书，读起来枯燥但是收货也会多，小孩子的天性应该被保护
一本好书！如果13年前看到就完美了。幸庆自己的教育理念大多与书中不谋而合，除了在自认为的原则问题上过于严厉，大多数时候都放任不控制，实则看在眼中，让孩子自由摸索自由发挥，让他跌点小跟头又爬起来，关键时刻适时引导，的确效果很好。我的孩子现在独立，善良，勇敢，不叛逆。也没有电子设备瘾。成绩没有很拔尖，但也从没出过实验学校年级前100名。最棒的是，孩子当我是好朋友，我们互相尊重能聊到一起玩到一块儿。
明白了蒙台梭利方法怎么来的，在那个时候是非常先进的方法。也能看到现在很多育儿方法的影子
读书笔记
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公益霎哈嘉瑜伽
(霎哈嘉瑜伽微信服务号:sahajasz.)
2014-06-05 09:26
4人喜欢
成人往往会心安理得地说：“儿童不应该到处乱跑。不应该碰我们成人的东西，不应该大声说话或喧嚷。他应该多躺一会儿，应该吃和睡。”还认为，儿童“最好”到户外去，哪怕与一些不相识的人在一起也无妨。那些懒惰的父母会为他们自己选择一条最轻松的道路，那就是打发自己的孩子去睡觉。
谁会否定儿童需要睡觉呢？但是，如果一个儿童那么机灵和那么快地服从了，从本质上来看，他就不是一个“喜欢睡眠的人”。他需要而且也应该得到正常的睡眠时间。但是，我们必须区分什么是适宜的，什么是人为的。我们知道，一个强者可以通过暗示把他自己的意志强加于弱者。一个强迫使儿童睡眠时间超过他自己需求的成人，就是在通过暗示的力量潜意识地把自己的意志强加给儿童。
一些没有受过教育的母亲会公开要求他们的孩子去睡觉。乡下农民知道怎样准备一种枕头使他们的孩子睡眠时间长一点。但我们可以说，一些成人，无论他们是博学的或无知的父母，还是照管婴儿的保姆，一般都同意要督促这个充满生气的和活力的人去睡觉。在那些富裕家庭里，几个月大的婴儿，或2岁、3岁、4岁的儿童都被责令要过量睡眠。然而，在一些贫困家庭里情况并非如此。这种家庭的孩子整天满街奔跑，成人并不哄他们去睡觉，因为他们并不是父母厌烦的东西。通常，这些贫家子弟比富家子弟安静一些。人们认为，就像饮食和新鲜空气一样，“长时间睡眠”对儿童的健康来说是必要的。他们认为被称之为“儿童的植物似的生活”是必然的。我记得，有一个7岁的男孩对我吐露，他从来没有看见过星星，因为他父母总是在夜色降临之前让他去睡觉。他跟我说：“我很想在某个晚上到山顶上去，躺在地上看着星星。”许多父母夸耀他们的孩子习惯于一到黄昏就去睡觉，其实这是为了他们自己可以自由地外出。
为儿童准备的那些床是专门做的和可以移动的。把柔软和美丽的装有围栏的儿童小床和宽敞的成人大床相比，在成人的床上睡眠可以更加舒适。儿童的小床是专门为他准备的一个监禁的场所，根本没有考虑他是一个有心理生活的人。儿童睡眠在小床上，就像一个被监禁的人。这是成人建造的，也是对成人有好处的。因此，儿童受到的限制越来越多，他的自由也越来越少。在儿童的周围，只有缺乏温暖的监禁场所。
儿童的小床就像一只放在高处的鸟笼，这样，成人照管他时就不必俯身弯腰，而且离开时也不必怕他跌下来。尽管儿童可能会哭起来，但不会使他自己受到伤害，而且，儿童的房间是用窗帘遮住的，光线进不来，第二天的阳光也不会唤醒他。儿童必须在傍晚时就去睡觉，以便给他的父母自由；而他早晨又最好醒得迟一点，以免打扰睡得晚的父母。
能够给予儿童心理发展帮助的方法之一，就是给他一张适应他的需要的床，以及不让他睡眠的时间过长。儿童应该具有这样的权利：他疲倦的时候就去睡觉，当他睡够了就醒过来，当他想要起床时就爬起来。所以，我们建议，像许多家庭所做的那样，应该废除儿童小床。给儿童一只矮床，实际上它是贴在地板上，这样就可以随他所愿躺在那儿和起床。这一简单的改进将克服许多看起来似乎很难解决的困难。一张几乎贴在地板上的小床是很经济的，像所有改革一样将有利于儿童的心理生活。因为儿童需要的是一些简单的东西，复杂的东西往往阻碍他的发展而不是促进他的发展。在许多家庭里，已经这样做了，通过把一张小床垫放在地板上，并覆盖一条柔软的大毯子，因而改变了儿童的睡眠习惯。这样，一到晚上儿童就可以高兴地与成人道晚安后自个儿去睡觉，早晨起床也不闹醒任何人。诸如此类的例子表明，成人把自己的意志强加给儿童，在照管子女时把自己也弄得精疲力竭，这是多么大的一个错误啊！实际上，由于他们这种防御性心态的驱使，他们一直在违背儿童的需要，而这件防御性心态是可以克服掉的。
从所有这一切，我们可以看到，成人应该努力了解儿童的需要，最好给儿童提供一个适宜的环境，使他们得到满足。只有这样，才能开创一个教育的新纪元，从而给儿童的生活带来真正的帮助。成人必须不再把儿童看作是一个物品，当他幼小时，把他当作一件东西提起来并拎东拎西；当他长大一些后，唯一的就是服从成人。成人必须认识到，在儿童的发展中，他们只能起一个次要的作用。但是，对于任何要使儿童的生活更加理性的努力来说，这一观点是一个难以克服的障碍。成人必须努力理解儿童，这样他们才能支持和帮助儿童发展。这应该是儿童母亲的目的和愿望，也应该是所有教师的目的和愿望。因为儿童比成人弱小，所以儿童要发展他的个性，成人必须控制他自己，努力领会儿童的表达。而且，成人应该把这当作是一种特殊的事情，使自己能理解和追随儿童。
遗失的纽扣
2019-07-04 22:33
1人喜欢
自卑情结
成年人会在无意识中对儿童表现出轻蔑，尽管父亲可能相信他的孩子美丽而完美，尽管他可能把孩子当成自己的骄傲和未来的希望，但内心深处的强烈期许，让他表现得好像他认为孩子是“空的”和“坏的”，因此需要灌输和纠正。这种暗藏的看法造成了成年人对儿童的轻视，他们把面前弱小的孩子看作自己的东西，并按自己高兴的方式来对待他。他不认为在孩子面前暴露自己某些性格特点有什么错，而在一群成年人面前表现同样的性格特点就会觉得羞愧。在家庭的围墙里他贪婪而专横，装出父亲的权威，不断地打破孩子的自我。例如，如果成年人看到孩子端着一杯水，他就开始担心杯子被打破，当他这样想的时候，他的贪婪让他把杯子当成了宝贝，并把它从孩子手里夺走。做这种事情的成年人甚至可能很富有，而且为了让他的儿子比自己更富有，而下决心要让自己的财富成倍地增加。但是此时此刻，他把一个杯子看作比孩子的活动更有价值的东西，他心里想：“为什么这个孩子一定要这样放杯子，而我是那样放的呀？难道我不能按自己喜欢的方式做安排吗？”然而，同样是这个成年人，他可以欣然为孩子做任何牺牲，他梦想孩子成功，希望看到孩子成为一个能力强大的名人。但是此时此刻，孩子却被一个独裁者统治，专制的冲动让成年人浪费精力来保护一个微不足道的东西。事实上，如果一个佣人以与孩子同样的方式去摆这个杯子，这位父亲就只会一笑了之；如果一位客人打破了杯子，这位父亲会马上说这个杯子不值钱让人家放心，也不会把这个意外当回事。
因此，儿童一定会注意到一种不断出现的受挫感，他是唯一一个被认为是不可信任的人，而且是闯祸之源。所以他也把自己视为低人一等，还不如那些禁止他触碰的东西有价值。
莹子
2018-04-06 19:45
1人喜欢
正如医生会告知病人的病情一样，我们也应该向未来的教师指出能阻碍他们工作的缺点。例如，我们会告诉他们：“发怒是一种大错，它能制约我们，并使我们无法理解儿童。”正如错误从来都不是孤立的一样，发怒还会带来另一种错误——傲慢，它会隐藏在友善的伪装下。
教师应该经常对儿童的困境进行反思。儿童并不能用理性来判断待遇是否公正，但儿童能感觉到某些事不对头，并因此变得抑郁和心理扭曲。儿童出于对成人的怨恨或对轻率行事的成人的反抗，就用怯懦、说谎、出格的行为、没有明显理由的哭闹、失眠和过度的惊恐来表现，因为他们还无法用理性弄清楚抑郁的原因。
但是，发怒是一种罪恶，它很快就会受到邻居的抵制。谨慎的态度能控制发怒。因此，一个能成功地使自己谦逊的人，最终会对自己的怒气感到羞愧。然而，当我们跟儿童打交道时，情况就截然不同了。他们不理解我们，也不能保护自己免受我们的侵犯。他们接受我们所说的任何东西。他们不仅接受虐待，而且每当我们责备他们时，他们总会感到错在自己。
他们还认为是自己使儿童善良、虔诚、聪明，使儿童能接触环境、人和上帝。为了使他们的形象更完美，他们拒绝承认有任何暴君的行径，难道有哪个暴君会承认他折磨过他的臣民吗？如果谁想依据我们的教育体系成为一名教师的话，他就必须自我反省，摒弃这种专制，他必须去除内心的傲慢和愤怒，他必须学会如何使自己变得谦虚和宽容。这些就是他必须具备的美德。这种心理上的准备将给予他所需要的平衡和沉静。另一方面，这并不意味着我们必须不对儿童的所作所为做任何评价，或者必须赞成他们所做的每一件事，甚至可以忽视他们心理和情感的发展。相反，教师永远也不应忘记，他的使命之一就是教育。
2018-04-06 11:24
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成人如果不理解儿童需要运用他的双手，不明白这是他工作本能的一种表现，就会阻碍儿童的发展。这并不能都归咎于成人
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low as –99 below zero, into the upper troposphere, roughly 50,000 feet above the earth’s surface.
According to the NASA press release, a large number of internal directorates, including JPL, here in California, worked together to piece the video and thermal images together. The effort to provide information underscores the agency’s task to “provide a constant vigil for the atmospheric "triggers" for severe weather conditions such as tornadoes, flash floods, hail storms and hurricanes.”
You can watch the video, and read the press release, here.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Why the US-Japan Partnership Prospered despite Hiroshima and Nagasaki
The dropping of atomic bombs during World War II have rarely been politicized in Japan-US relations, thanks to efforts on both sides to manage the narrative. But vigilance is needed to prevent regional players from using the issue to drive a wedge between the Pacific allies.
* * *
On Aug. 6, 1945, an American B-29 named the Enola Gay dropped and detonated a five-ton atomic bomb over the Japanese city of Hiroshima. The bomb’s 15-kiloton explosion claimed the lives of about 70,000 people instantly. While there’s some debate about the total number of individuals who ultimately died because of bomb-related injuries and radiation poisoning, the total number of fatalities likely exceeded 100,000 and potentially even 200,000.
Despite the colossal damage that the American military inflicted on Hiroshima, and subsequently on Nagasaki on Aug. 9, 1945, Japan soon would develop a warm, productive relationship with its war-time rival that has lasted to this day. According to a national survey of 1,586 Japanese citizens that we conducted this May, residents of Japan rank America as their best economic and military ally today and also in 20 years, when compared to other large, wealthy countries. Favorable views about America extend outside foreign policy into Japan’s culture, food and products, which have been deeply ingrained into the fabric of Japanese cultural and social life.
On the heels of one of the most devastating military defeats in human history, how has this pro-American sentiment been sustained for so long in Japan, and why has the dropping of atomic bombs, a potentially deeply divisive issue, rarely been politicized in the U.S.-Japan relations?
The seeds of the positive relationship were sown in the immediate post-war period. The decision to keep the imperial house and to forgo severe compensations was received well by most Japanese worn out by the long years of sacrifice during the war. The U.S. leadership actively sought to instill a positive image of America and turn Japan into a reliable democratic ally in the shadow of the emerging Cold War. America’s great post-war wealth enabled it to generously bestow money on rebuilding Japan; cultural and educational institutions such as major universities and media were consequential recipients of resources from the Rockefeller Foundation, American Cultural Centers and others. Japanese policymakers and opinion leaders embraced America’s largess, and the Cold War reality in Asia compelled both Japan and the U.S. to maintain a strong alliance that served their mutual geopolitical interest.
While these structural and economic factors played key roles in creating a positive relationship between the two nations, we should not overlook the importance of concerted efforts by both sides to manage the narrative about the war. The issue of atomic bombs is a particularly salient and potentially explosive issue for U.S.-Japan relations. It is at the very core of post-war Japan’s national identity, as evidenced by all the national attention to annual anniversary events on Aug. 6 and Aug. 9, the popular culture products and school materials on the topic, and the exceptionally generous welfare benefits provided to victims.
After initial suppression of discourse around the atomic bombs in the occupation period, the Lucky Dragon incident in 1954, in which a Japanese fishing boat and its crew were exposed to radiation from the Bikini Atoll thermonuclear experiment, ignited anti-U.S. sentiments in Japan. Framed as “the third atomic bombing of Japan,” this incident helped launch anti-nuclear campaigns in earnest with Hiroshima and Nagasaki as the epicenters. Similar ideological currents carried over to student activism of the 1960s and 1970s that targeted the U.S.-Japan alliance and featured discourse condemning American imperialism with some reference to atomic bombs. Once Japan became a wealthy nation, however, these leftist campaigns would turn their focus inward to Japan’s own problems, highlighting its wartime aggressions in Asia.
The political right in Japan also included anti-U.S. elements that resent Japan’s lack of autonomy in political and military affairs. However, being closer to the ruling Liberal Democratic Party, conservatives recognized the value of the U.S.-Japan alliance and tried to minimize conflict by not bringing up Hiroshima and Nagasaki as a political issue.
These political and ideological factors explain the lack of diplomatic conflict around the atomic bomb strikes, despite the salience of the issue in post-war Japanese identity. One can see this as a success of American cultural diplomacy and nation building. But even if we subscribe to that notion, we should not sit on our laurels. Old wounds that have been hidden could come back to haunt diplomatic relations. For a striking example, the issue of comfort women was a non-issue diplomatically for several decades after 1945 but since has reemerged with a vengeance, haunting Japan-South Korea relations for the past few decades.
There are some small signs that the political left in Japan is moving back to emphasizing Japan’s victimhood in World War II, linking the U.S. base issues in Okinawa with Hiroshima and Nagasaki. The right, emboldened by America’s perceived withdrawal from Asia, are revisiting the dropping of atomic bombs, arguing that it is a bigger crime than Japan’s war crimes in Asia. These discourses have yet to become mainstream narratives in Japan, but some vigilance is necessary in the coming years; China, Russia and other players in the region could use the atomic bombing issue to drive a wedge between the U.S. and Japan.
Building a lasting alliance takes decades, but its collapse can be precipitous unless the partners continue to invest in its maintenance.
Reprinted from The Hill, August 5, 2020.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>这件事还要从1月23日开始说起。事情发生在New Foundland省。据CBC报道，当地警方接到报案，一名男子称自己的钱包被偷了，而且他的信用卡在Paradise镇的好几家商店被盗刷。
警方随后查到该信用卡还在一家商店购买了彩票，并且中了“一大笔钱”。但警方未透露奖金金额具体有多少。
而盗刷信用卡的这名女子在试图前往St. John’s市的彩票中心Atlantic Lottery（下图，CBC）办公室领奖时，在半途中就被警方逮个正着。
据目击者透露，当时有四辆警车包围住该女子所乘坐的汽车。该女子还没抵达兑奖中心，就被警方截停了。她现在面临两项持有盗窃来的信用卡罪以及五项诈骗罪。
该女子被逮捕的时候，是车内的乘客。驾车的是一名46岁女子。她因在被吊销执照而且没有车保的情况下驾车，而被警方开了罚单。
据Paradise镇一家商店老板确认，该女子在他店内买的刮刮乐彩票所中奖金大约为5万元。
那么新的问题来了，这张彩票的奖金究竟归谁？
新闻报道之后，有许多人在社交媒体上表示，这笔奖金应该给被盗刷信用卡的男子。
但彩票中心Atlantic Lottery表示，如果有人用非法所得购买彩票，他就不能领奖金。
彩票中心发言人Natalie Belliveau称，彩票中心只能将奖金发给合法购买的彩票，彩票中心有一系列程序来核实这个问题。
在这种情况下，这5万元奖金将会进入该公司无人领奖的账号，一同累计入下一期奖金。<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>In some parts of the country, wetlands play a vital role in recharging aquifers that are important for irrigation and drinking water. Wetlands capture drifting snow and runoff from summer storms and slowly release that water to underlying aquifers. For example, playa wetlands in the southern high plains of Nebraska, Kansas, Colorado, New Mexico, Oklahoma and Texas play a critical role in replenishing and improving the famed Ogallala Aquifer. Research has shown that these shallow, temporary playa wetlands are a primary source of recharge to the Ogallala. When these wetlands dry out each year, the clay sediments crack, creating pores for water to infiltrate through to the aquifer. Runoff from rain and snow also enters the aquifer from the edges of the wetland which are more permeable than the center.
Scientists estimate that aquifer recharge rates in playa wetlands are 10 to 1,000 times higher than other surrounding areas. Recharge through playas is a continual process. Water recharging today will be available to future generations. Recharge rates in naturally-functioning playas may exceed three inches per year. Playa wetlands contribute up to 95% of the water recharging into the Ogallala annually, so it is critical that these natural resources are conserved to help sustain our livelihoods and our communities.
Ducks Unlimited and Wetlands America Trust work closely with a multitude of partners to conserve playa wetlands for wildlife, people and communities. Partners include the Playa Lakes Joint Venture; Local Conservation Districts; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; USDA Farm Service Agency; USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service; Kansas Department of Wildlife, Parks and Tourism; and Texas Parks and Wildlife. There is also a growing number of corporations like ConocoPhillips, Elanco Animal Health and PepsiCo investing in playa conservation to help achieve corporate sustainability goals.
Wetlands and wetland agri-systems like rice production require water to be applied in a timely manner to achieve optimal seed production. Water is commonly delivered through conveyance systems from the source to the wetlands. In areas where multiple demands place stress on limited water supplies, it is important that conveyance systems are efficient and reduce water loss. Ducks Unlimited engineers work with landowners to improve water conveyance systems so that less water is lost to the surrounding landscape as it is being transported. Similarly, DU staff work with rice producers to improve water use efficiency. These practices include precision-leveling of fields for more efficient water utilization, more efficient water control structures and on-farm water storage reservoirs. These improvements in water use efficiency increase farmer’s bottom line while also making more water available for other uses like municipal drinking water by reducing waste.
A number of corporations and organizations have joined Ducks Unlimited and Wetlands America Trust to enhance environmental outcomes from rice production systems including: USA Rice, USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service; Walmart Foundation; Nestle Purina, Mosaic, Chevron, National Fish and Wildlife Foundation, Entergy, Freeport McMoRan Foundation and Anheuser-Busch.
These are just a few examples of how Ducks Unlimited and Wetlands America Trust work with landowners and partners to develop solutions to aquifer and water efficiency challenges. We welcome others who share our goals of profitable agriculture, healthy communities and environmental stewardship to join these sustainability efforts.
For more in-depth information about these programs, contact us at: [email protected]<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Playstation'ın İngiltere'deki en büyük dağıtıcılarından GameStop, Playstation 4 fiyatlarını 20 Sterlin aşağı çekerek 350 Sterlin olan ücretsiz bir oyunlu Playstation 4 ve Dualshock 4 paketini 330 Sterlin'den satmaya başladı.
GameStop, Playstation fiyatlarını aşağı çeken ilk dağıtıcı oldu; ancak elbette sonuncusu olmayacak. İndirimden sonra stokların anında tükendiğinin duyurulması kampanyaya olan ilgiyi açıklarken diğer dağıtıcılar da indirime gitme kararı aldı.
Bakalım Playstation 4'teki bu fiyat kırma rekabeti nerelere kadar gidecek ve Türkiye'deki dağıtıcıları ne zaman, ne kadar etkileyecek.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Acne is the most common skin condition in the United States. In fact, according to the American Academy of Dermatology, roughly 40 million to 50 million Americans have acne at any one time.
For many people, blackheads, whiteheads and pimples are a normal part of puberty. But for plenty of others, women in particular, acne can be a stubborn problem that occurs well beyond their teenage years.
Enter hormonal acne.
To be clear, a lot of acne is hormonally driven ― including the kind you may have experienced during puberty ― but, as Dr. Samer Jaber of Washington Square Dermatology in New York told HuffPost, “When most people talk about [hormonal acne], they’re really talking about acne in adult women.”
Jaber noted that adult acne in women is quite common. It can affect women in their 20s, 30s, 40s and even 50s. According to a study cited by the American Academy of Dermatology, roughly 50 percent of women in their 20s and more than 25 percent of women ages 40 to 49 are affected by hormonal acne. And it needs to be treated with extra care.
What causes hormonal acne?
As Dr. Jennifer MacGregor of Union Square Laser Dermatology in New York explained, it’s typically related to a woman’s menstrual cycle and the fluctuations of estrogen and progesterone that come along with it. In an article published by Self last year, Miami-based dermatologist S. Manjula Jegasothy said that these hormonal fluctuations are believed to cause increased oil production in pores, which could result in breakouts. Additionally, Jegasothy said the ratio of progesterone to estrogen can also have an effect on a woman’s testosterone levels, which can contribute to acne.
“Hormonal acne occurs or gets worse in cyclic flares along with monthly menstrual cycles,” MacGregor said. “It’s typically worst during the week right before your period starts, when [the hormone] progesterone is at its peak.”
Women may experience hormonal breakouts during menopause as well, as female hormone levels drop during this time, according to the American Academy of Dermatology.
If you’re trying to figure out whether you’re dealing with this type of acne, some signs to look out for, MacGregor said, are “cyclic flares each month, distribution along the lower face, jawline and/or around the mouth and deeper, painful pimples (as opposed to blocked pores, blackheads and whiteheads).”
“If you have oily skin, T-zone acne, blackheads and/or whiteheads, then [it’s] probably not hormonal acne,” she said.
Another factor that may contribute to hormonal breakouts is stress.
“Stress makes all inflammatory skin conditions worse!” MacGregor said. “This includes all types of acne.”
How do you treat hormonal acne?
When you sense a breakout brewing under the skin, your first instinct might be to pile on the spot treatments. However, most of the products available at the drugstore aren’t strong enough to combat the deep pimples associated with hormonal acne.
“One of the hallmarks of hormonal acne is that it is typically resistant to over-the-counter remedies, but we include these treatments in addition to hormone-specific remedies for the best chance at clearance,” MacGregor said.
Your favorite drugstore toners and acne treatments are likely no match for stubborn hormonal acne breakouts, but that doesn’t mean hope should be lost. There are a few things to try for stubborn hormonal acne breakouts, including changing your diet, topical treatments and oral medications, according to Jaber and MacGregor.
“I always tell people to cut out sugar and dairy,” Jaber said, citing a study that showed a link between skim milk and low-fat milk and acne. “I’ve definitely seen a correlation with low-fat milk and acne. But I’ve also seen it with any dairy.”
Jaber also said he recommends his patients cut out simple sugars, which include white rice, white potatoes, candy, cake, soda, juice and processed foods. He made sure to note, though, that a change in diet may work for some patients and not for others.
MacGregor takes a similar approach, telling her patients to try a 60-day gluten-free, dairy-free diet that is free of processed carbs to see if it helps clear acne.
“Blood sugar spikes are known to cause inflammation and hormonal fluctuations, which can exacerbate acne,” she said. “Think natural foods! The paleo diet is best, but carb sources to consider should be natural root vegetables (squash, potato, carrot) along with quinoa and sometimes gluten-free oats or brown rice.”
She also noted that diet alone might not get rid of hormonal acne, “but there is evidence it helps acne in general and people feel better all around.”
Topical treatments, such as retinoids, antibiotics and anti-inflammatories, as well as salicylic acid or benzoyl peroxide, may also be used to treat hormonal acne, Jaber said, but he noted that many women will find more success with hormonal treatments.
MacGregor agreed, saying, “We almost always need to use oral medication.”
One of the most common oral medications is birth control pills, which regulate menstrual cycles and can reduce acne. It’s important to note, though, that some forms of birth control, such as hormonal IUDs (like Mirena and Skyla), or an implant (such as Nexplanon), which release progestin only, could make acne worse.
“I definitely see that all the time,” Jaber said, adding that many people, including some of his patients, aren’t aware of the possible acne-related side effects of the hormonal IUD or birth control implant. He added that a typical hormonal treatment would include a combined birth control pill containing both estrogen and progestin.
Another oral option is spironolactone, a blood pressure medication that, when used in low dosages, can help with hormonal acne as it blocks androgen hormone receptors in the skin, MacGregor explained. In simpler terms, spironolactone blocks effects of testosterone can contribute to hormonal acne breakouts.
Jaber said he prescribes spironolactone often ― maybe even “15 times a day” ― for his patients, saying for most women it works really well. Something to keep in mind, though, are the possible side effects, which could include dizziness, breast tenderness, spotting in between periods and frequent urination (spironolactone is a diuretic).
For very severe cases, MacGregor said, she might recommend a trial course of isotretinoin, a vitamin A derivative, but acknowledged that it doesn’t always work. For mild cases, she said, dapsone “is a very well tolerated prescription anti-inflammatory that has some efficacy in hormonal acne.”
“I also have patients use a regular topical acne regimen that is effective but won’t irritate sensitive skin,” she said, adding, “You must see an expert dermatologist to individualize your regimen.”
Can you actually get rid of hormonal acne?
“With consistent therapy (topical and sometimes oral) and other therapies, like injections and laser, hormonal acne can be controlled,” MacGregor said.
“I think acne, like anything, can wax and wane,” Jaber added, noting that oftentimes people will choose to stick to a treatment plan if it seems to be working. However, if people do choose to stop taking certain medications, J
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digiti l’indizio di ricerca, verrà visualizzato il primo comando corrispondente. Le lettere digitate vengono visualizzate tra l’apice inverso (`) e l’apostrofo (‘). I comandi corrispondenti si aggiornano man mano che digiti ciascuna lettera.
Ogni volta che premi Ctrl+r, stai cercando all’indietro il comando corrispondente successivo, che appare nella finestra del terminale.
Quando si preme Invio, verrà eseguito il comando visualizzato.
Per modificare un comando prima di eseguirlo, premere il tasto freccia sinistra o destra.
Il comando viene visualizzato sulla riga di comando ed è possibile modificarlo.
Puoi utilizzare altri strumenti Linux per eseguire ricerche nell’elenco della cronologia. Ad esempio, per convogliare l’output da history in grep E cercare i comandi che contengono la stringa “alias” potresti usare questo comando:
history | grep aliases
Modifica dell’ultimo comando
Se è necessario correggere un errore di battitura e quindi ripetere il comando, è possibile utilizzare l’accento circonflesso (^) per modificarlo. Questo è un ottimo trucco da avere nella manica ogni volta che scrivi male un comando o vuoi rieseguirne uno con un’opzione o un parametro della riga di comando diverso.
Per usarlo, digita (senza spazi) un accento circonflesso, il testo che vuoi sostituire, un altro accento circonflesso, il testo con cui vuoi sostituirlo, un altro accento circonflesso, quindi premi Invio.
Ad esempio, supponiamo di digitare il seguente comando, digitando accidentalmente “shhd” invece di “sshd”:
sudo systemctl start shhd Puoi correggerlo facilmente digitando quanto segue:
^shhd^sshd^ Il comando viene eseguito con “shhd” corretto in “sshd”.
Eliminazione dei comandi dall’elenco della cronologia
Puoi anche eliminare i comandi dall’elenco della cronologia con il comando -d (elimina) opzione. Non c’è motivo di mantenere il comando con errori di ortografia nell’elenco della cronologia.
Puoi usare grep per trovarlo, passa il suo numero a history con il -d opzione per eliminarlo, quindi cerca di nuovo per assicurarti che sia sparito:
history | grep shhd history -d 83 history | grep shhd Puoi anche passare una serie di comandi al file -d opzione. Per eliminare tutte le voci dell’elenco da 22 a 32 (incluso), digitare questo comando:
history -d 22 32 Per eliminare solo gli ultimi cinque comandi, puoi digitare un numero negativo, in questo modo:
history -d -5
Aggiornamento manuale del file di cronologia
Quando si accede o si apre una sessione terminale, l’elenco della cronologia viene letto dal file della cronologia. In Bash, il file di cronologia predefinito è .bash_history.
Qualsiasi modifica apportata nella sessione corrente della finestra del terminale viene scritta nel file della cronologia solo quando chiudi la finestra del terminale o ti disconnetti.
Supponiamo che tu voglia aprire un’altra finestra di terminale per accedere all’elenco completo della cronologia, inclusi i comandi digitati nella prima finestra di terminale. IL -a (tutto) l’opzione ti consente di farlo nella prima finestra del terminale prima di aprire la seconda.
Per usarlo, digitare quanto segue:
history -a I comandi vengono scritti silenziosamente nel file della cronologia.
Se vuoi scrivere tutte le modifiche all’elenco della cronologia nel file della cronologia (se hai eliminato alcuni vecchi comandi, ad esempio), puoi utilizzare il comando -w (scrivi) opzione, in questo modo:
history -w
Cancellazione dell’elenco della cronologia
Per cancellare tutti i comandi dall’elenco della cronologia, è possibile utilizzare il comando -c opzione (cancella), come segue:
history -c Se desideri inoltre forzare queste modifiche al file della cronologia, utilizza il file -w opzione, in questo modo:
history -w
Sicurezza e file storico
Se utilizzi applicazioni che richiedono di digitare informazioni sensibili (come le password) sulla riga di comando, ricorda che anche queste verranno salvate nel file della cronologia. Se non desideri che determinate informazioni vengano salvate, puoi utilizzare la seguente struttura di comando per eliminarle immediatamente dall’elenco della cronologia:
special-app my-secret-password;history -d $(history 1) history 5 Questa struttura include due comandi separati da un punto e virgola (;). Analizziamolo:
- app-speciale: il nome del programma che stiamo utilizzando.
- la mia password segreta: la password segreta che dobbiamo fornire per l’applicazione sulla riga di comando. Questa è la fine del comando uno.
- storia -d: Nel comando due, invochiamo il -d (elimina) opzione di history. Ciò che elimineremo si trova nella parte successiva del comando.
- $(cronologia 1): Utilizza una sostituzione di comando. La parte del comando contenuta nel file $() viene eseguito in una subshell. Il risultato di tale esecuzione viene inserito come testo nel comando originale. IL history 1 comando restituisce il comando precedente. Quindi, puoi pensare al secondo comando come History -d “ultimo comando qui”.
Puoi usare il history 5 comando per assicurarsi che il comando contenente la password sia stato rimosso dall’elenco della cronologia.
C’è un modo ancora più semplice per farlo, però. Poiché Bash ignora le righe che iniziano con uno spazio per impostazione predefinita, includi semplicemente uno spazio all’inizio della riga, come segue:
special-app another-password history 5 Il comando con la password non viene aggiunto all’elenco della cronologia. Il motivo per cui questo trucco funziona è contenuto nel file .bashrc file.
Il file .bashrc
IL .bashrc il file viene eseguito ogni volta che accedi o apri una finestra di terminale. Contiene anche alcuni valori che controllano il comportamento del file history comando. Andiamo modifica questo file con gedit.
Digitare quanto segue:
gedit .bashrc Nella parte superiore del file vengono visualizzate due voci:
- HISTSIZE: Il numero massimo di voci che l’elenco della cronologia può contenere.
- HISTFILESIZE: Il limite per il numero di righe che un file di cronologia può contenere.
Questi due valori interagiscono nei seguenti modi:
- Quando accedi o avvii una sessione della finestra del terminale, l’elenco della cronologia viene popolato dal file .bash_history file.
- Quando chiudi una finestra di terminale, il numero massimo di comandi impostati in HISTSIZE vengono salvati in .bash_history file.
- Se la histappend L’opzione shell è abilitata, i comandi vengono aggiunti .bash_history. Se histappend non è impostato, .bash_history viene sovrascritto.
- Dopo aver salvato i comandi dall’elenco della cronologia in .bash_history il file della cronologia viene troncato in modo da non contenere più di HISTFILESIZE linee.
Inoltre, nella parte superiore del file, viene visualizzata una voce per il file HISTCONTROL valore.
È possibile impostare questo valore per eseguire una delle seguenti operazioni:
- ignorespaces:Le righe che iniziano con uno spazio non vengono aggiunte all’elenco della cronologia.
- ignoredups:I comandi duplicati non vengono aggiunti al file della cronologia.
- ignoreboth:Abilita entrambi quanto sopra.
Puoi anche elencare comandi specifici che non desideri vengano aggiunti all’elenco della cronologia. Separateli con i due punti (:) e metteteli tra virgolette (“…”).
Seguiresti questa struttura per aggiungere una linea al tuo .bashrc file e sostituisci i comandi che desideri vengano ignorati:
export HISTIGNORE=”ls:history”
Utilizzo dei timestamp
Se desideri aggiungere timestamp all’elenco della cronologia, puoi utilizzare il file HISTIMEFORMAT collocamento. Per fare ciò, aggiungi semplicemente una riga come la seguente al tuo file .bashrc file:
export HISTTIMEFORMAT=”%c ” Tieni presente che c’è uno spazio prima delle virgolette di chiusura. Ciò impedisce che il timestamp si sovrapponga ai comandi nell’elenco dei comandi.
Ora, quando esegui il comando History, vedi la data e l’ora. Tieni presente che tutti i comandi presenti nell’elenco della cronologia prima dell’aggiunta dei timestamp verranno contrassegnati con la data e l’ora del primo comando che riceve un timestamp. Nell’esempio mostrato di seguito, si trattava del comando 118.
È un timestamp molto prolisso. Tuttavia, puoi utilizzare token diversi da %c per perfezionarlo. Gli altri token che puoi utilizzare sono:
- %d: Giorno
- %m: Mese
- %y: Anno
- %H: Ora
- %M: Minuti
- %S: Secondi
- %F: Data completa (formato anno-mese-data)
- %T: Ora (formato ora:minuti:secondi)
- %c: Data e ora complete (formati giorno-data-mese-anno e ora:minuti:secondi)
Sperimentiamo e utilizziamo alcuni token diversi:
export HISTTIMEFORMAT=”%d n%m %T ” L’output utilizza il giorno, il mese e l’ora.
Se rimuoviamo il giorno e il mese, però, verrà mostrata solo l’ora.
Eventuali modifiche apportate HISTIMEFORMAT si applicano all’intero elenco cronologico. Ciò è possibile perché l’ora di ciascun comando viene memorizzata come file numero di secondi dall’epoca Unix. IL HISTTIMEFORMAT La direttiva specifica semplicemente il formato utilizzato per rendere quel numero di secondi in uno stile leggibile dall’uomo, come ad esempio:
export HISTTIMEFORMAT=”%T “<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>La Repubblica Socialista Sovietica Kirghisa dichiarò la sua indipendenzanell’agosto del 1991, formalizzata poi il 5 maggio del 1993, con l’entrata in vigore della Carta costituzionale.La Repubblica kirghiza è uno dei cinque stati che compongono la macroregione dell’Asia Centrale. A quasi trent’anni dall’indipendenza il Paese cerca ancora una propria identità. La piccola repubblica ex-sovietica è ormai intrappolata in una fitta rete di relazioni politiche, economiche e militari tra Cina, Russia e Stati Uniti, tanto da aver acquisito, suo mal grado, il ruolo di “termometro centroasiatico”. Pur non essendo un mero oggetto nelle mani di altri attori internazionali, il ruolo geopolitico e geostrategico del Kirghizistan, rappresenta un fondamentale indicatore nella comprensione delle dinamiche del Nuovo Grande Gioco in Asia Centrale.
La polveriera etnica.
Con un passato fortemente influenzato dal nomadismo e dal tribalismo, i confini kirghizi furono tracciati quando l’Unione Sovietica diede vita ad una serie di repubbliche, non concepite come veri e propri Stati in senso etnico-nazionale, ma solo, e parzialmente, in senso amministrativo-burocratico.La migrazione campagna-città che accompagnò la crisi dell’economia sovietica nella seconda metà degli anni Ottanta portò ad un progressivo spopolamento delle zone rurali, generando di contro, un sovraffollamento delle aree urbane, che si tradusse inun serio problema abitativo. È opportuno infatti ricordare che il 94% del territorio kirghizo è occupato da montagne, rendendo difficile l’insediamento in nuove aree della popolazione, che rimane, ad oggi, concentrata nelle due principali città: la capitale Bishkek e il distretto di Osh. Quella che oramai è una vera e propria frattura, sia etnica, tra kirghizi e uzbeki, sia territoriale, tra nord e sud del Paese, nacque come lotta per la terra. Il primo violento scontro tra kirghizi e uzbeki ruota proprio intorno alla questione abitativa. Un cambio di appalto, per la costruzione su alcuni appezzamenti di terreno alla periferia di Osh, nel maggio 1990, tra due ditte, la prima uzbeka e la seconda kirghiza, fece da casus belli per quello che verrà ricordato come giugno di sangue. Fondamentale fu, per la risoluzione del conflitto, l’intervento di Mosca. Il Cremlino giocò la carta dell’identità religiosa (comune appartenenza al credo islamico di kirghizi ed uzbeki), incaricando il muftì di Tashkent di mediare tra le parti in lotta, mossa che si rivelò risolutiva. La questione etnica ha influenzato le dinamiche della piccola repubblica centroasiatica nel corso di tutta la sua storia. Vent’anni dopo la strage di Osh, il Kirghizistan ritornò ad essere teatro di scontri violenti tra le due etnie.La vera e propria caccia all’uzbeko del giugno 2010, si dimostra un’onda di ritorno di un’ascia di guerra mai sepolta veramente. Nello stesso anno l’OSCE inviò una forza internazionale ausiliaria di sicurezza, con il compito di assistere le forze dell’ordine nel ripristino della legalità nelle regioni meridionali sconvolte dagli scontri di giugno. Sebbene nell’ultimo decennio il conflitto sia rimasto quanto meno latente, i rapporti delle organizzazioni internazionali presenti sul territorio, in particolare quelli della Human Right Watch, denunciano come nel sud del paese continuino ad essere commessi gravi abusi da parte della polizia e delle forze di sicurezza kirghize contro la minoranza uzbeka, ammonendo che il perpetuarsi di queste pratiche rischia di far esplodere, di nuovo,il conflitto etnico.
Una democratizzazione difficile.
La storia costituzionale post-indipendenza kirghiza è altalenante, oscilla tra tentativi di democratizzazione e accentramento del potere, tra proposte di liberalizzazione del mercato e svolte stataliste, rendendo instabile il Paese, sia da un punto di vista economico sia politico. Difficile crederlo oggi, ma nell’immediato post-indipendenza la repubblica kirghizaveniva definita“isola di democrazia” in Asia Centrale. Il Kirghizistan uscì rapidamente dalla zona del rublo, introducendo una propria valuta, (il som), fondatore della CSI (Comunità degli Stati Indipendenti) nel 1991, fu il primo Paese centroasiatico ad essere ammesso all’Organizzazione Mondiale del Commercio (OMC-WTO) nel 1996. La piccola repubblica si presentava al resto del mondo come una società civile in fermento, ben integrata nel sistema della organizzazioni internazionali, caratterizzata da un sistema politico simil-pluralista.
Il primo vero tentativo di democratizzazione del Paese avvenne a circa vent’anni dall’indipendenza,dopo due disastrose amministrazioni, Akaevsalito al potere nel 1990 e deposto dalla rivoluzione dei tulipani nel 2005, Bakiev,eroe della rivoluzione, deposto nel 2010. Dal golpe bianco ai danni di Bakiev, emerse la figura di Roza Otunbajeva, promettendo una svolta politica basata sul rispetto della legge e dei diritti. Svolta che si concretizzò il 27 giugno 2010, quando,con referendum confermativo, il Kirghizistan divenne repubblica parlamentare. Il problema principale fu il palesarsi dei limiti di un sistema parlamentare in un territorio eccessivamente frammentato politicamente: se da una parte promette maggiore rappresentatività delle minoranze, dall’altra rischia di degenerare in un ostacolo alla governabilità del Paese impedendone una concreta stabilizzazione
L’amministrazione Atambayev (2010-2017), si dimostra esempio concreto di questo pericolo. Alle elezioni del 2010,il
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ber Özgeçmiş Örneği
- Bakıcı Özgeçmiş Örneği
- Çocuk Bakım Görevlisi Özgeçmiş Örneği
- Çocuk Psikoloğu Özgeçmiş Örneği
- Kuaför Özgeçmiş Örneği
- Ev Temizleyicisi Özgeçmiş Örneği
- Deneyimli Laktasyon Danışmanı Özgeçmiş Örneği
- Kişisel Bakıcı Özgeçmiş Örneği
- Okul Öncesi Müdürü Özgeçmiş Örneği
- Usher Özgeçmiş Örneği
Bir Çocuk Bakım Görevlisinin bazı sorumlulukları nelerdir?
- Çocuklar için güvenli ve besleyici bir ortam sağlamak
- Bakımları altındaki çocukların güvenliğini denetlemek ve izlemek
- Oyunlar, sanat ve el sanatları, müzik ve hikaye anlatımı gibi rekreasyonel etkinlikler düzenlemek ve bunlara katılmak
- Çocukları yemek yeme, dinlenme ve tuvalet alışkanlıkları gibi sağlık ve kişisel alışkanlıklar konusunda eğitmek
- Çocukları ebeveynleri tarafından talep edilen yöntemlere göre disipline etmek
- Temiz ve düzenli bir ortam sağlamak
- Çocukların gelişimini takip edin ve ebeveynlerle iletişim kurun
İlham Almak İçin Örnek Çocuk Bakım Görevlisi Özgeçmişi
Kişisel Bilgiler:
İsim: Amy Smith
Adres: 123 Main Street, Anytown, CA 90210
Telefon: (123) 456-7890
E-posta: [email protected]
Özet:
Amy Smith, ailelere çocuk bakımı hizmetleri sağlama konusunda beş yıllık deneyime sahip, güvenilir ve kendini işine adamış bir Çocuk Bakım Görevlisidir. Çocukların büyümesi ve gelişmesi için güvenli ve besleyici bir ortam sağlamaya kendini adamıştır. Amy ilk yardım ve CPR eğitimi almıştır ve mükemmel iletişim ve organizasyon becerilerine sahiptir.
İş tecrübesi:
- Çocuk Bakım Görevlisi, ABC Family Daycare, Anytown, CA, Haziran 2015 - Mevcut
- Beslenme ve bez değiştirme gibi temel ihtiyaçların yanı sıra ilgi çekici aktiviteler de dahil olmak üzere bir aile gündüz bakım ortamında çocuklara kaliteli bakım sağlayın.
- Kreşin misyonu ve değerlerine uygun olarak çocukların büyümesi ve gelişmesi için güvenli ve besleyici bir ortam yaratın.
- Her çocuğun bireysel ihtiyaçlarına göre faaliyetler geliştirin ve uygulayın.
- Çocuklarının gelişimi hakkında ebeveynlerle iletişim kurun.
- Günlük bakım tesisinin, ekipmanların ve malzemelerin temizliğini sağlayın.
- Öğretmen Yardımcısı, ABC İlkokulu, Anytown, CA, Ağustos 2014 - Mayıs 2015
- İlkokul sınıflarındaki öğretmenlere günlük faaliyetlerde yardımcı olmuştur.
- Öğle yemeği ve teneffüslerde çocukları denetlemeye ve izlemeye yardımcı oldu.
- Özel ihtiyaçları olan çocuklara ek destek sağladı.
- Eğitim materyalleri ve malzemeleri hazırlandı ve organize edildi.
Eğitim:
ABC Üniversitesi, Anytown, CA
Erken Çocukluk Eğitimi Lisans Programı, Haziran 2014
Beceriler:
- Çocuk Bakımı
- İlk Yardım ve CPR Sertifikası
- Organizasyonel Beceriler
- İletişim Becerileri
- Zihinsel ve Fiziksel Gelişim
Sertifikalar ve Diller:
- İlk Yardım ve CPR Sertifikası, Haziran 2015
- Akıcı İngilizce ve İspanyolca
Çocuk Bakım Görevlisi için özgeçmiş ipuçları
Mükemmel, kariyerinizi başlatacak bir özgeçmiş oluşturmak kolay bir iş değildir. Genel yazım kurallarına uymak yardımcı olabilir, ancak özel iş arayışınıza göre uyarlanmış tavsiyeler almak da akıllıca olacaktır. İstihdam dünyasında yeniyseniz, Çocuk Bakım Görevlisi özgeçmiş ipuçlarına ihtiyacınız vardır.
Tecrübeli Çocuk Bakım Görevlisinden en iyi ipuçlarını topladık - Sadece yazma sürecinizi kolaylaştırmak için değil, aynı zamanda potansiyel işverenlerin ilgisini çeken bir özgeçmiş oluşturma şansınızı artırmak için tavsiyelerine göz atın.
- Ulusal Çocuk Bakımı Profesyonelleri Birliği gibi ilgili sertifikaları vurgulayın.
- Bir grup çocuğa öğretmenlik, yöneticilik veya liderlik yapma konusunda sahip olduğunuz deneyimleri listeleyin.
- Çocuklara bakarken faydalı olabilecek ilk yardım veya CPR gibi özel becerilerinizden bahsedin.
- Herhangi bir gönüllü veya toplum hizmeti deneyiminizi vurgulayarak kaliteli bakım sağlama konusundaki kararlılığınızı gösterin.
- Mükemmel iş ahlakınız ve deneyiminiz için kefil olabilecek eski işverenler veya öğretmenler gibi referansları ekleyin.
Çocuk Bakım Görevlisi Özgeçmiş Özet Örnekleri
Çocuk Bakım Görevlisi Özgeçmiş Özeti veya Özgeçmiş Hedefi, işverenlere nitelikleriniz, deneyiminiz ve becerileriniz hakkında kısa bir genel bakış sağladığı için özgeçmişin önemli bir parçasıdır. İş için doğru aday olup olmadığınızı hızlı bir şekilde belirlemelerine yardımcı olur. Özet veya hedef, sizi en uygun aday yapan niteliklere ve deneyime odaklanarak belirli bir iş açılışına göre uyarlanmalıdır. En ilgili beceri ve deneyimleri vurgulayarak, özgeçmişinizin diğer adaylar arasında öne çıkmasını sağlayabilirsiniz.
Örnek için:
- Her yaştan çocuğa kaliteli bakım sağlama konusunda yetenekli, yüksek motivasyonlu Çocuk Bakım Görevlisi. Olumlu öğrenme ortamları yaratma ve sağlıklı yaşam tarzlarını teşvik etme konusunda tutkulu.
- Mükemmel iletişim ve problem çözme yetenekleri sunan deneyimli Çocuk Bakım Görevlisi. Çocuklarla ve ailelerle güçlü ilişkiler kurma konusunda kanıtlanmış yetenek.
- Çocuklara güvenli ve besleyici bir ortam sağlamayı taahhüt eden yakışıklı Çocuk Bakım Görevlisi. Gelişimsel olarak uygun aktivitelere rehberlik etme konusunda deneyimli.
- Çocukların tam potansiyellerine ulaşmalarına yardımcı olma tutkusuna sahip organize Çocuk Bakım Görevlisi. Günlük aktiviteleri organize etme ve duygusal destek sağlama konusunda uzmanlık.
- Çeşitli yaşlardaki çocuklar için olağanüstü bakım sağlayan becerikli Çocuk Bakım Görevlisi. İlgi çekici aktiviteler planlama ve uygulama ve günlük destek sağlama konusunda yetenekli.
Çocuk Bakım Görevlisi Özgeçmişiniz İçin Güçlü Bir Deneyim Bölümü Oluşturun
Çocuk bakım görevlisi özgeçmişindeki güçlü bir deneyim bölümü, işverenlerin başvuru sahibinin geçmişte ne tür işler yaptığı ve benzer bir rolün üstesinden nasıl gelebileceği konusunda fikir edinmesine yardımcı olur. İşverenlerin başvuru sahibinin sorumluluk düzeyini, yaratıcılığını ve işe bağlılığını görmelerini sağlar. İşverenler, başvuru sahibinin geçmiş iş geçmişini sergileyerek, bir çocuk bakım görevlisinde arayacakları nitelikler hakkında daha iyi bir fikir edinebilirler. Ayrıca, başvuru sahibinin role uygulanabilecek aktarılabilir becerilerini ve niteliklerini vurgulamaya hizmet eder.
Örneğin:
- 3-12 yaş arası 10 çocuğa birincil bakım sağladı, güvenliklerini sağladı ve duygusal destek sağladı.
- Çocukları öğrenme deneyimlerine dahil etmek için günlük ders planlarının geliştirilmesine ve uygulanmasına yardımcı oldu.
- Açık hava oyunları, yemek zamanı, uyku zamanı ve sanat ve el sanatları dahil olmak üzere çeşitli etkinliklerde çocukları denetledi.
- Çocukları sosyal ve duygusal açıdan gelişmeye teşvik ederek güvenli ve olumlu bir öğrenme ortamı sağladı.
- Çocukların davranışlarını etkili bir şekilde yönetmek için pozitif disiplin teknikleri geliştirmiş ve uygulamıştır.
- Çocukları bağımsız olmaya ve kendilerine bakmaya teşvik etti.
- Her türlü soruyu yanıtlayarak ve endişeleri gidererek ebeveynlere mükemmel müşteri hizmeti sağladı.
- Katılım, faaliyet ve malzeme kayıtlarını tuttu.
- Sağlıklı ve besleyici olmalarını sağlayarak atıştırmalıklar ve yemekler hazırladı.
- Sınıfın ve oyun alanlarının temizliğine ve bakımına yardımcı oldu.
Çocuk Bakım Görevlisi özgeçmiş eğitim örneği
Bir Çocuk Bakım Görevlisi, Çocuk Gelişim Uzmanı (CDA) kimlik belgesine veya tanınmış bir kuruluştan eşdeğer bir kimlik belgesine sahip olmalıdır. Ayrıca İlk Yardım ve CPR sertifikalarına sahip olmalı ve çocuk gelişimi ve güvenlik uygulamaları hakkında bilgili olmalıdırlar. Eyalete ve işverene bağlı olarak, lise diploması veya GED, çocuk bakım ortamında deneyim ve/veya erken çocukluk eğitiminde ek eğitim kursları gibi ek nitelikler gerekebilir.
İşte bir Çocuk Bakım Görevlisi özgeçmişi için uygun bir deneyim listesi örneği:
- Lise Diploması, XYZ Lisesi (Haziran 2017)
- Çocuk Gelişim Sorumlusu Sertifikası, ABC Enstitüsü (Ağustos 2019)
- İlk Yardım ve CPR Sertifikalı, DEF Üniversitesi (Mayıs 2020)
- Erken Çocukluk Eğitimine Giriş, GHI College (Haziran 2020)
Özgeçmiş için Çocuk Bakım Görevlisi Becerileri
Çocuk Bakım Görevlisi özgeçmişine beceri eklemek önemlidir çünkü işe alım yöneticisinin adayın güçlü yönlerini ve niteliklerini hızlı bir şekilde belirlemesini sağlar. Adayın rolde mükemmelleşmek için gerekli beceri ve bilgiye sahip olduğunu göstermeye yardımcı olur. Dahil edilebilecek becerilere örnek olarak iletişim, organizasyon, problem çözme, liderlik ve kişiler arası beceriler verilebilir.
Yumuşak Beceriler:
- Çocuk Gelişimi
- Kişilerarası Beceriler
- Organizasyonel Beceriler
- Sabır
- Esneklik
- Yaratıcılık
- İletişim
- Problem Çözme
- Zaman Yönetimi
- Çoklu Görev
Zor Beceriler:
- Çocuk bakımı deneyimi
- Çocuk gelişimi
- CPR/İlk Yardım
- Beslenme yönetimi
- Güvenlik protokolleri
- Zaman yönetimi
- Davranışsal yönetim
- Kişilerarası beceriler
- Çoklu görev
- Organizasyonel beceriler
Çocuk Bakım Görevlisi Özgeçmişi Yazarken Kaçınılması Gereken Yaygın Hatalar
Bu rekabetçi iş piyasasında, işverenler her açık pozisyon için ortalama 180 başvuru alıyor. Bu özgeçmişleri işlemek için şirketler genellikle özgeçmişleri eleyebilen ve en az nitelikli başvuru sahiplerini eleyebilen otomatik başvuru takip sistemlerine güvenmektedir. Özgeçmişiniz bu botları geçmeyi başaran birkaç kişi arasındaysa, yine de işe alım uzmanını veya işe alım müdürünü etkilemelidir. Çok sayıda başvuru geldiği için, işe alım uzmanları genellikle her bir özgeçmişi eleyip elemeyeceklerine karar vermeden önce sadece 5 saniye ayırırlar. Bunu göz önünde bulundurarak, başvurunuza atılmasına neden olabilecek dikkat dağıtıcı bilgiler eklemekten kaçınmak en iyisidir. Özgeçmişinizin öne çıkmasını sağlamaya yardımcı olmak için, iş başvurunuza neleri eklememeniz gerektiğini gösteren aşağıdaki listeyi inceleyin.
- Ön yazı eklememek. Ön yazı, iş için neden en iyi aday olduğunuzu ve pozisyonu neden istediğinizi açıklamanın harika bir yoludur.
- Çok fazla jargon kullanmak. İşe alım yöneticileri anlamadıkları teknik terimlerle dolu bir özgeçmiş okumak istemezler.
- Önemli ayrıntıları atlamak. İletişim bilgilerinizi, eğitim geçmişinizi, iş geçmişinizi ve ilgili beceri ve deneyimlerinizi eklediğinizden emin olun.
- Genel bir şablon kullanmak. Özgeçmişinizi başvurduğunuz işe göre özelleştirmek için zaman ayırın. Bu, işverene pozisyon konusunda ciddi olduğunuzu gösterecektir.
- Yazım ve dilbilgisi hataları. Yazım hataları, imla hataları ve dilbilgisi hataları için özgeçmişinizi her zaman iki kez kontrol edin.
- Görevlere çok fazla odaklanmak. İşverene harika bir aday olduğunuzu göstermek için başarılarınızı ve başarılarınızı eklediğinizden emin olun.
- Kişisel bilgileri dahil etmek. Yaş, medeni durum veya dini inançlar gibi kişisel bilgileri eklemekten kaçının.
Çocuk Bakım Görevlisi özgeçmişi için temel çıkarımlar
- Çocuk bakımı ile ilgili eğitim ve sertifikalarınızı vurgulayın.
- Bebek bakıcılığı, gönüllülük veya dadılık gibi çocuklarla çalışma deneyiminizi de ekleyin.
- Güçlü iletişim, organizasyon ve çoklu görev becerilerinizi sergileyin.
- Çocuk bakımı alanına bağlılığınızı gösteren herhangi bir ek sertifika veya niteliği detaylandırın.
- Çocuk bakım görevlisi olarak aldığınız ödül veya takdirlerden bahsedin.
- Çocuklar için güvenli ve sağlıklı bir ortamı teşvik etme becerinizi vurgulayın.
- Çocuk gelişimi, güvenliği ve beslenmesi hakkında bilgi sahibi olduğunuzu gösterin.
İş aramaya başlamanın zamanı geldi. Elinizden gelenin en iyisini yaptığınızdan emin olun ve aşağıdakilerin yardımıyla bir sonraki posta hizmeti işinizi bulun ozgecmis.app.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>T-Cell Therapy Claims Unparalleled Success in ALL Study
Cancer fighters are hailing new immunotherapy research and calling it the cure to a disease that kills several millions worldwide every year.
Scientists working with T-cells, a type of white blood cells that constitute the body's immunity, have reported unparalleled cure rates in treating advance-stage blood cancers. They claim that genetically modified T-cells are able to fight the disease who were given only months to live.
According to The Guardian, the therapy involves selecting white blood cells for 'tweaking'. Genetically modified sensor cells are attached to them to seek and destroy cancer cells. The tweaked T-cells are then injected into the body to proliferate and mount an immune response to cancer. The therapy has shown astounding results in treating Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) and other blood cancers including lymphomas.
The ALL study presented at American Association for Advancement of Science, claimed that 94 % participants had no symptoms after treatment.
"This is unprecedented in medicine to be honest, to get response rates in this range in these very advanced patients," said the study's lead scientist Stanley Riddell, according to The Independent.
While the study has generated optimism, some are guarded. Muiris Houston wrote in The Irish Times that the trial was not blinded and no comparisons were made with standard treatments. Additionally, a need to analyze the side-effects of T-cell therapy was pointed out. Some of the participants in the study's trial reported fever and low blood pressure while two deaths were also reported. Another major concern with T-cell therapy is an abundance of defense, also called cytokine release syndrome.
The AAAS study was restricted to treating blood cancers as the treatment's efficacy in treating solid malignancies is yet to be tested.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>人民心力为革命成功的基础
各位同志：
此次吾党改组，志在将本党势力在中国内地各省尽力扩充。向来本党势力多在海外，故吾党在海外有地盘、有同志，而中国内地势力甚为薄弱。所以吾党历年在国内的奋斗，专用兵力；兵力胜利，吾党随之胜利，兵力失败，则吾党亦随之失败。故此次吾党改组唯一之目的，在乎不单独倚靠兵力，要倚靠吾党本身力量。
所谓吾党本身力量者，就是人民的心力。吾党从今以后，要以人民的心力为吾党力量，要用人民心力奋斗。人民的心力与兵力，二者可以并行不悖。但两者之间，究竟应以何者为基础？应以何者为最足靠？自然当以人民的心力做基础，为最足靠。若单独倚靠兵力，是不足靠的，因为兵力胜败无常。吾党必要先有一种基本力量做基础，然后兵力有足靠之希望。假使没有一种基本力量做基础，虽有兵力，亦不足恃。
吾党在国内以兵力奋斗而胜利者，已有三次。武昌起义，推翻满清，建设共和，是吾党兵力成功的第一次。袁氏称帝，讨袁军兴，推翻洪宪，是吾党兵力成功的第二次。张勋复辟，吾党提倡护法，其后徐氏１退位[徐世昌。]，以至陈炯明谋叛，北方武人亦承认护法，是吾党兵力成功的第三次。但三次之成功，皆不能达革命之目的。是兵力虽成功，而革命仍未成功，因为吾党尚欠缺力量之故。所欠缺者是何种力量？就是人民心力。当时中国人民不赞成革命，多数人民不为革命而奋斗。革命行动欠缺人民心力，无异无源之水，无根之木。即如近几天，陈逆炯明率其部下迫攻广州，以作孤注之一掷，我军本其奋斗精神与之抵抗，已将陈逆部队打得七零八落，在广州方面亦可说是兵力的成功。但将来能收得效果若干，将来结果如何，诚不能预定；且将来所得结果是善果抑是恶果，亦不能预定。所以吾党想立于不败之地，今后奋斗的途径，必先要得民心，要国内人民与吾党同一个志愿，要使国内人民皆与吾党合作，同为革命而奋斗。必如此方
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person in *Israel. God made David the king.
Jacob was Abraham’s grandson. God changed Jacob’s name to ‘Israel’ (Genesis 32:24-28). So ‘God of Jacob’ refers to God as God of all the *Israelites.
David was a musician and he wrote many poems. He sang the songs to *worship the *Lord. You can read some of his songs and poems in the Book of Psalms.
Verse 2 David wrote as a *prophet. So, he did not merely describe his own ideas. Instead, he heard what the *Lord said. Then David spoke the *Lord’s words.
Verse 3 Again David referred to the *Lord as a rock. In other words, God provides security in our lives. God is fair (Jeremiah 9:24). So, God wants leaders and kings to rule in the right way. They should care about the people. And they should always be fair. That would show that they respect God.
Verse 4 David described a good ruler. He said that a good ruler is like bright sunlight. Everyone benefits when a country has a good ruler. And people benefit from the sunlight. People enjoy a sunny morning. The sunshine that comes after rain makes plants grow. So, people have a good life and they have enough food because of the sunshine. And when a country has a good ruler, people enjoy their lives in that country. God *blesses that country. David had been a good king because he obeyed God.
Verse 5 In chapter 7, Nathan the *prophet told David what God had promised to him. God had already made David a great king. And God saved David from all his enemies. So, David knew that he could trust God’s promises. David’s sons caused trouble for David, but God loved Solomon (12:24-25). Solomon became the king after David (1 Kings chapter 1).
Verses 6-7 contrast wicked men with good rulers in verse 4. So, this probably refers to wicked rulers rather than wicked people in general. The sharp bushes covered the ground so that other plants could not grow. When a farmer cleared his ground, these bushes could hurt him. So, he had to burn them in order to remove them. The bushes were no use and they were dangerous. Wicked men always cause trouble for people and for countries because they oppose God. The fire refers to God’s judgement. God *blesses people who obey him. But he will punish people who oppose him.
(Verses 8-39 See also 1 Chronicles 11:10-41.)
David achieved a lot because he had many brave soldiers. They helped him. The account in 1 Chronicles gives some extra information. Some of the names are different. People and towns may have had more than one name at that time.
The three bravest men were a famous group. The Bible does not record these three brave men anywhere else. Verses 8-12 record one event for each man. This was probably the most important event in each man’s life. However, the men did not fight just with their own power. The writer shows that the *Lord gave them success.
We do not know whether the three bravest men were part of the group of 30. In verse 13, the three men were probably not the special group of three men.
This event probably happened during the time of the account in 5:17-25. The *Philistines had attacked the southern part of *Judah. But the *Lord gave David success and he defeated the *Philistines. David had hidden in the cave at Adullam when Saul chased him (1 Samuel chapter 22). So, David knew where to hide from his enemies. David came from the town of Bethlehem. The valley of Rephaim was near to Bethlehem. Some of the *Philistines soldiers had attacked the town and they were living there. David needed a drink. He knew that there was good cold water in Bethlehem. He probably wished that he was at home in Bethlehem. He wanted peace and not war. Three of David’s men were very brave and loyal. They were also unselfish. We can see that they loved David. They even risked their own lives to get some water for David. They had to walk about 19 kilometres (12 miles) from Adullam to Bethlehem. Then they had to fight the *Philistines. David realised how brave and loyal the men were. David was humble. He could not be selfish and drink the water. He cared about his men too much. So David gave this water to the *Lord as he poured it onto the ground. This water seemed too precious for David to drink it. Only the *Lord deserved something that was so valuable.
This chapter does not include Joab in the lists of brave soldiers. This was because Joab was already the leader of the whole *Israelite army.
Verses 18-23 show why Abishai and Benaiah were not part of the special group. Abishai had led the army for a short time but he was not as important as Joab. But Abishai had more honour than the other men did. David rewarded Benaiah and he made him a leader of the men from Kereth and Peleth (8:18). (In 1 Samuel 22:14, David had been the leader of the guards who protected King Saul.)
The writer calls these men ‘The Thirty (30)’, but there were 37 soldiers. There were probably 30 men in the group. Perhaps if one man died, they chose another man. Or perhaps the name of the group did not mean that there were only 30 members.
Abner killed Joab’s brother Asahel, who is in verse 24 (2:18-23). David killed Uriah who was Bathsheba’s husband. Uriah is in verse 39. Eliam is in verse 34. Eliam was probably Bathsheba’s father (11:3). Eliam was also the son of Ahithophel. Ahithophel had advised David but then he followed Absalom (15:12).
Many of these men came from the area of *Judah where David lived. Some came from Saul’s land of Benjamin. But some of them were foreigners. They came from the countries where David had fought his enemies (for example Ammon in verse 37). They became loyal to David after he had defeated their countries. But every man on this list was a famous brave soldier. They served King David. And David gave them honour.
(Verses 1-25 See also 1 Chronicles 21:1-26.)
We do not know when the events of this chapter happened. But it was probably some time after Absalom’s death. We also read about these events in 1 Chronicles 21:1-26. But the two accounts are slightly different. The writers probably just emphasised different parts of the story. (This also happens in the *New Testament books of Matthew, Mark, Luke and John.)
Verse 1 does not say why the *Lord was angry with *Israel. Usually he was angry when the people did not obey him. The *Lord wanted to punish them. In Chronicles, it says that Satan (God’s chief enemy) made David count the people. James 1:13 says that God does not tempt people to do something wrong. But Job chapter 1 shows that God sometimes lets Satan tempt (test) people. So, God may allow something but Satan actually does it. This could explain the two different accounts of this story.
It does not seem wrong for a king to count his people. It may seem sensible for him to know the number of his soldiers. But *Israel was not an ordinary country. The army did not win because it was big. God was the real king of the country. God helped the *Israelite army to defeat its enemies. David should have trusted the *Lord to give him success in his battles. It is a *sin to be proud. And it is a *sin to trust yourself more than you trust the *Lord. Perhaps David was becoming proud about his success. Perhaps the devil tempted him to trust his army more and to trust the *Lord less.
Joab tried to advise the king. Joab was a cruel man (1 Kings 2:5-6) and his advice was not always good. But Joab was right this time. David should have trusted God. God would give David the soldiers that he needed. But David refused to follow Joab’s advice. Joab did not always obey David. But David won the argument that time.
‘From Dan to Beersheba’ is a common phrase. Dan was at the north end of the country called *Israel. Beersheba was at the south end. So, that phrase just refers to the whole country. Joab and his men went to all the *tribes of *Israel except Levi and Benjamin (1 Chronicles 21:6). Sidon, Tyre, and the people called Hivites and Canaanites were not part of *Israel. But David had defeated them. So they had to provide soldiers for the *Israelite army.
It took a long time to record all the people. It was a major task. Verse 9 shows that *Israel was a divided country. *Judah refers to the south of the country and *Israel refers to the north of the country. A ‘thousand’ is the *Hebrew name for a large group of soldiers. It does not mean exactly 1000 people. So we do not know the accurate number of men in the *Israelite army. The numbers are different in 1 Chronicles chapter 21. Perhaps the writers counted the groups in different ways.
David knew that he had *sinned. He did not need a *prophet to tell him that time. (Compare this with 12:1-13.) A *prophet hears what God says. A *prophet sometimes has dreams or visions (dreams when he is awake). So the Bible sometimes calls a *prophet ‘a seer’. He sees special things that God shows only to him. Gad the *prophet had helped David before he became king (1 Samuel 22:5). David asked the *Lord to forgive him. But the *Lord still punished *Israel (verse 1). David had to choose the punishment. Whatever David chose, many people in *Israel would die. Many of the people that Joab had counted would die. The people would die slowly if they did not have enough food. They would die quickly with a bad disease. David did not want his enemies to punish him. They hated him and they would not be kind. They might ruin the whole country. But David knew that the *Lord was kind. He trusted the *Lord but he did not trust other people.
God sent an *angel to kill the people. The *angel brought the serious disease to people in all parts of the country. Jerusalem was the capital city of *Israel. King David lived there with his family and his servants. The *Lord was very sad that he had to punish the *Israelites. He decided to be kind to the people in Jerusalem. So, even during the punishment, the *Lord was kind, as David said in verse 14. Araunah’s land was outside the walls of the city. The old name for Jerusalem was Jebus. Araunah owned land there before David made it his capital city. David could see Araunah’s land. David could also see the *angel with a sword in his hand (1 Chronicles 21:16). David was probably very afraid. He knew that he had *sinned. So, he was very humble. David used to look after sheep when he was young. The *Lord had told David to be like a *shepherd to the *Israelites (5:2; 7:7). David thought that the people were innocent. He did not know that the *Lord had been angry with them. David wanted the *Lord to punish him and his family. David did not want the *Lord to punish the people.
At last, in verse 17, David was really humble. Before this, in verses 10 and 14, his conscience felt bad. But it seems that he was still not humble enough to ask God to save his people. (Compare this with Abraham in Genesis 18:20-32 and Moses in Exodus 32:30-32.) Instead, David agreed to the punishment. But then David saw the punishment. And he saw the *angel. David knew that he could not save his people. Only the *Lord could stop the punishment. And David then realised that a big army could not protect *Israel. Only the *Lord could protect *Israel.
People used to beat their corn on a high piece of land because of the strong winds. A farmer harvested his corn. He put the corn stems on the ground in the special place. He put a wooden collar on his *oxen. Then he made the *oxen pull a very heavy board across the corn. This separated the grains of corn from the stems. The farmer then threw the stems up into the air. The wind blew away the stems and the dust. The heavy grains fell onto the ground. Then the farmer collected them together.
David had to build an *altar and to give *sacrifices to the *Lord. Araunah gave honour to David. He wanted to give everything to David. Araunah referred to ‘the *Lord your God’. He did not *worship the God of *Israel. But Araunah was afraid of the bad disease too. He wanted David’s *sacrifice to be successful.
David would not accept Araunah’s land and animals as a free gift. David paid for all of it. We can see again that David’s attitudes had changed. He was not still the proud king who wanted to count his army. Instead, he was humble enough to want to give a large gift to the *Lord. In the Chronicles account, David paid a lot more money. He probably paid the price for all of Araunah’s land. In verse 24, David bought just the small piece of land and the animals. He wanted to make his *sacrifices quickly so that the disease would stop. The *sacrifices were like those in 6:17-18 (see the notes on those verses). The place was called *Mount Moriah (2 Chronicles 3:1). Many centuries earlier, Abraham had gone to *sacrifice Isaac on *Mount Moriah (Genesis 22:1-18).
Later, Solomon built the *temple on this piece of land. In chapter 7, the *Lord told David that he would not allow David to build the *temple. But the *Lord did allow David to prepare for the construction of the *temple. And the *Lord even allowed David to buy the land. David chose Araunah’s land. This was the same place where David saw the *angel. It was the place where the *Lord stopped the punishment. Here, the *Lord saved Jerusalem. So here was the right place for the *Israelites to make their *sacrifices to the *Lord. They would pray here, and the *Lord would forgive them. So the *Lord would show his kindness to them in this place.
In 1 Chronicles 21:26-27, the *Lord spoke to the *angel after David had given *sacrifices to the *Lord. The *Lord forgave David’s *sin and *Israel’s *sin. The *Lord did not continue to punish them. The last verse in this book shows that the *Lord cares about his people. And the *Lord answers prayer.
The story of David ends in 1 Kings 2:11 after he made his son Solomon the king. But the *Lord continued to *bless David’s family. Luke chapter 3 shows that Jesus Christ came from the family of David.
adultery ~ when a married person has sex with someone who is not their own husband or wife.
altar ~ a table, (usually stone) where the priests burned animals and gave other gifts as a *sacrifice to God or to an *idol.
Amalekite ~ a person who came from the family of Amalek. Amalek was the grandson of Esau (Genesis 36:12, 16). The Amalekites lived in the land between southern *Israel and the country of Egypt. They were one of *Israel’s enemies.
Ammonite ~ a person who came from the family of Ammon, who was the grandson of Lot (Genesis 19:36-38). The country of Ammon was on the east side of *Israel.
angel ~ a servant of God who brings messages from heaven; angels love God and they help God’s people. Sometimes the Bible also speaks about evil angels, who serve the devil.
anoint ~ to put oil on someone’s head. This shows that God has chosen the person for a special task.
Aramean ~ the Arameans were people who lived in the country north of *Israel.
ark of the *Lord or ark of God or ark ~ the Bible also calls it the ark of the Covenant (or agreement). It was a wooden box with gold all over the outside and inside. It had two gold cherubim (*angels) on the top (see Exodus 25:10-22). The *Israelites kept the ark in the *house of the *Lord and only the priest could see it. Sometimes God appeared above the ark and then he spoke to the priest.
Arkite ~ Arkite refers to the family or place that Hushai came from.
bless ~ to say or do good things to a person; to call something holy; to ask God for good things to happen; to guard and keep from evil things.
bronze ~ a type of brown metal. Bronze is not as strong as iron.
burnt offering ~ an animal that the priests killed and burned; this is how they gave an animal to God; an *Israelite’s gift to God.
chariot ~ a kind of cart that soldiers used in a battle. Soldiers stood in it and horses pulled it.
concubine ~ a woman who was like a wife, but the man did not marry her. She did not have as many rights as a wife.
donkey ~ an animal like a small horse. Donkeys can carry heavy loads on their backs. People also ride on donkeys.
ephod ~ a special coat that the main priest wore when he served God (Exodus chapter 28). Other priests wore a plain *linen ephod.
Gibeonites ~ a small group that remained from the people called Amorites. The Gibeonites made a peace agreement with the *Israelites.
glory ~ everything that makes God beautiful and great; the power and great importance of God; like a great king; like a bright light from God or Jesus.
Hebrew ~ the language that the *Israelites spoke.
Hittite ~ from a nation of people who came from a man called Heth. They were not *Israelites.
house of the *Lord ~ a special place where the *Israelites *worshipped God. The *ark of the *Lord was there.
idol ~ an object that people *worship instead of the real God. People make idols from wood, stone or metal. An idol was usually an image of a person, animal or object. Idols are false gods.
Israel ~ the name of all the people from the family of Abraham, Isaac and
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ayı, "on iki yüzlü" (dodekahedron) ise evreni temsil etmektedir. Hava, elementlerin en belalısıdır. Tarot kartlarında akıl ve acıdır. Akıl olarak insanlara dayatılan şeyin ne olduğu belki buradan anlaşılabilir.
[
Yüzyıllar boyunca kadınları geri zekalı (düşünsel açıdan yetersiz) olarak karalayan sistemin hatalı olduğunu anaerki savunmuş, kadınlarda içgüdü olarak isimlendirilen ve yaşarken daha işe yarar olan bir unsur bulunduğunu ön sürmüş, son yıllarda bu gerçek (illa zeka olacak inadı ile, duygu ve zekanın birbirine karılamayacağıı görmezden gelerek) duygusal zeka adı altında popülarize edilmeye koyulmuştur.
]
Oktahedroncular;
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priamitlerden birinin (sanırım Giza idi) altında bir piramit daha olduğunu savunurlar, en büyük oktahedron olan bu piramit enerjiktir,
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nöronların bilinç yarattığına inanılan tiplerinin piramit nöronlar olarak adlandırıldığının altını çizerler (oysa bu nöronların piramite -görsel açıdan- benzerlikleri yoktur),
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astronomide bizim galaksinin (samanyolunun) üyesi olduğu 40 galaksilik lokal grupun, 2000 galaksilik Virgo (Başak) superclusterını oktahedrona benzetirler (yine bir dipnot; anaerkide Başak burcu, Terazi ve Boğa ile birlikte en kutsal burçtur ve ataerkil astrolojinin dokundurduğu gibi sinameki bir yapısı yoktur).
Anaerki ise evrende sınır, ya da "sınırlı şekil" şeklinde bir yapı olmadığını savunur. Bu gerçek, evrende hiçbir şeyde kesinlik olmadığını (her insanın aslında canının istediği her şeyi yapma kapasitesi ile doğduğunu) ortaya koyan kuantum mekaniği ile ortaya çıkmıştır. Anaerkide (aslında doğada) -tıpkı kesin kural olmadığı gibi- köşeli ve sınırlı hiçbir şey yoktur. Köşeli ve sınırlı olan, ataerki tarafından köşeli ve sınırlıya çevrilerek insanların doğal olandan ayrılması (acı çekmesi) için yaratılmış şeylerdir.
Şimdi de piramit konusundan yola çıkarak felaket/komplo teorilerine atlayalım ve bazı önerilerde bulunalım:
Rich Terrell benzeri, bazı bilim adamları evrenin kozmos ötesi bilgisayar programcıları tarafından yönetildiğini (bir simülasyon olduğunu) öne sürmektedirler. Bunun kanıtını da evrenin piksellerden meydana gelmesinde aramakta, yani kuantları piksel olarak görmektedirler.
Bu programcı evrenin yaratıcısı ise, evrenden silinmeyen kötülük yüzünden öncel evreni bölenin ve istediği gibi (buna işine yarayacak gibi diyelim mi?) yeniden yaratanın kendisi olduğu; dahası, derinlerde doğa dışı (öncel evrenin yapısına ters) simetrik düzen (oktehedron benzeri somut/kompakt yapılar) bulunabileceği düşünülebilir.
Söz konusu kuşkunun gerçekliği bağlamında ise anaerkil ezoterizmin gösterdiği yolda ilerlemek, köşeli/simetrik şeylere itibar etmemek bir çözüm (kurtuluş) olabilir; çünkü bu yaklaşım, kozmik bilgisayarcının gizli simetrik dokusunda yırtılma yaratacaktır.
Belki de anaerkil düşünceler (şekiller/renkler vb.) bu yüzden lanetlenerek yok edilmeye çalışıyordur
Kimi bilir?<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>رییس جمهوری چین عهد کرده است تشعشات اکسید دو کربن را که کشور او تولید می کند، کاهش دهد.
چین یکی از بزرگترین آلایندگان در جهان است، و هو جیانتائو، رییس جمهوری، روز سه شنبه در کنفرانس بررسی تغییر آب و هوا در نیویورک گفت چین قصد دارد تا سال ۲۰۲۰، پانزده درصد انرژی خود را از منابع قابل بازیافت به دست آورد.
او همچنین گفت چین تا سال ۲۰۲۰ میزان گازهای گلخانه ای را در حد قابل ملاحظه ای نسبت به سال ۲۰۰۵ کاهش خواهد داد. او رقمی ارایه نداد، و گفت هر کاهشی بر اساس تولید اقتصادی کشور محاسبه خواهد شد.
یوکیو هاتویاما، نخست وزیر ژاپن، نیز به رهبران جهان گفت کشور او قصد دارد تا سال ۲۰۲۰ تشعشات گاز گلخانه ای را ۲۵ در صد نسبت به سطوح سال ۱۹۹۰ کاهش دهد.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>As a young child in Glasgow I was desperate to visit the United States, to see its incredible landscapes and its legendary urbanism: the Grand Canyon, the Manhattan skyline. But it wasn’t until visiting much later that I experienced what is truly the iconic American landscape: the strip, that stretch of multi-lane road leading off into the distance, surrounded on either side by fast-food restaurants, islands of retail lost in seas of asphalt.
Strip development, and its cousin the shopping mall, are symbols of America’s gift to urbanism: sprawl. Los Angeles may be the world’s most famously sprawling city but is it the worst culprit? What about Montreal, or Brisbane, both low density cities in countries with no shortage of space and a strong love of the car?
Sprawl, even though we know when we see it, proves extremely difficult to pin down into a functional definition. Urban sprawl is usually huge, mainly low-density, mostly unplanned, and primarily residential development that covers increasing areas of land around city cores. It is suburbia on steroids or, as Robert Kirkman’s The Ethics of Metropolitan Growth puts it: “sprawl suggests the city has collapsed, like a drunkard on a sidewalk, and is now spreading inexorably outwards, oblivious to the surrounding countryside”.
The first and most important common factors is the car. After the second world war, American developers took advantage of cheap oil and the personal mobility made possible by car ownership to create low density residential developments that were not contiguous with places of work, commerce and leisure. These single-use areas often consist of detached houses in the centre of a lawn, scattered over the landscape, often unevenly, with residual gaps of undeveloped land between them and the city.
Although the first use of the term “urban sprawl” appears to be in the context of London in 1955, what we know as sprawl is a quintessentially American invention – it is aspirational, a culture of free individualism, of conspicuous wealth, and requires a seemingly limitless supply of land and resources. To live in sprawl means driving to work, driving to get dinner, driving to meet your friends. It means congestion, as its inhabitants travel ludicrous distances for work or basic services, and isolation due to the lack of the perks of compact city life. Sprawl eats up huge areas in very inefficient ways, destroying arable land and creating monocultures. Furthermore, a sprawling metropolis generates vastly greater amounts of pollution and CO2 than a more compact one.
There is no reliable combined measure of sprawl, and many geographers shy away from using the term because of its negative connotations. Perhaps the most reliable metric comes from looking at population density. To look at the whole world is difficult, as definitions of metropolitan boundaries don’t always match up, but free-market think tank Demographia’s annual World Urban Areas survey attempts just that.
The results seem to tally with what we expect: American areas completely dominate the low densities, and among many smaller conurbations the lowest density large cities are Atlanta, Boston, St Louis, Orlando and San Juan. The only real competition the Americans have is with places like Brisbane, Australia, or Quebec City, Canada, both countries with a lot of land and a love of the car. In Europe, down there in the low densities are a number of French urban areas such as Nantes and Toulon, but little else, while the Middle East sneaks in with Saudi Arabia’s Ad Dammam. According to Demographia’s metric, East Asian and South American cities tend not to sprawl at all.
The problem with an average value though, is that it mistakes particular characteristics. For example, London and Athens have very similar average densities, but the Greek city has a far denser core and a much more sprawling suburbia. Some researchers try to overcome these difficulties through additional metrics. Researchers for Smart Growth America introduced mixes of use, presence of “centres”, and accessibility as other factors. Their research was pretty damning for the southern states, with Atlanta, Nashville and Memphis to the bottom of the list.
Elsewhere, Thomas Laidley of NYU recently created a Sprawl Index using aerial imagery. One remarkable aspect was the discovery that Los Angeles is now the densest urban centre in the US. The city which is usually considered the ultimate in sprawl has reached such a consistent intensity of development that there is very little spare land of any kind that could lower its score. Laidley’s index once again gives the worst scores to cities in the deep south: Columbia in South Carolina and Hickory in North Carolina.
Is sprawl so bad?
If it can’t be carefully defined, is sprawl necessarily bad? The great urbanist Lewis Mumford thought so, arguing hysterically in The City in History in 1961 that the endpoint of sprawling megacities was “total human annihilation”, falling victim to technical rationality and the end of organic human existence. Later, characters as ideologically different as the New Urbanists and Richard Rogers would advocate dense, walkable cities with active street life, an anti-sprawl attitude that is now standard in much planning, at least in Britain.
Even as it stands on the cusp of change, the ultimate sprawling city still has to be Los Angeles. Think of the classic view from the Griffith Observatory, looking down at that vast carpet of concrete with its threads of light from the clogged highways. LA is decentred, potentially limitless, and stands for everything terrible about what happens when cities are developed without planning: swathes of low density housing, completely severed by roads, the whole terrain plagued by filthy smog.
Architecture critic Christopher Hawthorne talks of a ‘first’ Los Angeles at the beginning of the 20th century, when it grew much like a European city, before the ‘second’ LA happened post-war: mass-transit was eliminated, the freeway took over, suburbia raced to the edge of the mountains. This created the LA that everyone loves to hate, the “72 suburbs in search of a city” in the words of Dorothy Parker. The ‘third’ LA, which is developing now, is in Hawthorne’s words “having to re-learn the art of sharing the city,” by intensifying its civic culture within its own boundaries, becoming a haven for artists, constructing more collective housing, and with new transport infrastructure that includes walking and cycling.
Others have defended sprawl on its own terms. Architectural historian Reyner Banham wrote the seminal Los Angeles: City of the Four Ecologies in 1972. Excited by its unapologetic modernity, Banham argued that the sprawling quality of LA offered “radical alternatives” to, not deviations from, what was accepted wisdom in urbanism. This refrain was taken up by Jonathan Meades in his 2012 series On France, where he noted sprawl’s prevalence, and mounted a muted defence: “It is not vilified. It is nothing to be ashamed of. Nor is pride taken in it as pride is taken in conventionally elegant towns and orthodoxly pretty villages. Sprawl is accepted, it’s there.”
At the end of the day, sprawl is probably best described as the antithesis of an ideal city type – the compact, efficient pedestrian settlement with a rich civic culture – and thus is an essentially negative term. Advocates for free markets may well argue that sprawl is simply the free and natural result of people’s desire for their own space but in the future, with massive urban growth still to come, is it materially or ecologically possible to sustain 20th century petrol-soaked American sprawl across the world?<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>"Abbiamo ottenuto un punto in uno stadio dove finora poche squadre erano rimaste imbattute"
Il tecnico Walter Mazzarri al termine del pareggio contro il Napoli ha voluto esprimere così la sua soddisfazione: "Devo fare i complimenti ai miei ragazzi, abbiamo ottenuto un punto in uno stadio dove finora poche squadre erano rimaste imbattute. Inoltre, quella di oggi è la quarta partita consecutiva nella quale non subiamo gol. Per quanto riguarda la partita, devo dire che i partenopei sono una squadra tecnicamente formidabile e sono dotati anche di una grande forza fisica, sono rimasto impressionato. Noi, ancora una volta, abbiamo sbagliato tre o quattro cose importanti che ci potevano consentire di fare gol, però oggi era davvero difficile: loro ci pressavano con grande veemenza in qualsiasi zona del campo. Oggi per la prima volta abbiamo sofferto dal lato fisico, ma questo è dovuto soprattutto alla grande forza del Napoli. Un guerriero come Rincon ha avuto qualche difficoltà e ha sofferto un po', mentre di solito nessuno riesce a sovrastarlo.
Belotti? È ovvio, all'attaccante piace far gol e quindi se non riesce a farlo un po' ne risente. Detto ciò, non è neanche particolarmente fortunato, anche nell'ultima partita ha avuto un'occasione clamorosa per segnare ma il portiere avversario ha fatto una grande partita. Lui però è in una grande forma fisica, si vede, aiuta la squadra e rincorre tutti gli avversari.
Ansaldi? Il suo ruolo come mezz'ala è nato per una situazione di emergenza, visto che avevamo dei giocatori infortunati e altri squalificati. È un giocatore talmente forte che può giocare ovunque. All'inizio si è dovuto abituare perchè non aveva il passo, ma è un giocatore di qualità".<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>دونالد ترامپ رئیس جمهوری آمریکا روز جمعه ۱۷ اسفند برای بازدید و بررسی جریانهای کمک رسانی به مناطق آسیب دیده در پی گردباد و توفان، راهی ایالت آلاباما شد.
پرزیدنت ترامپ راهی «لی کاونتی» در شرق آلاباما میشود که در جریان گردباد و توفان یکشنبه گذشته، ۲۳ تن کشته شدند. سرعت باد این توفان، ۲۷۰ کیلومتر بر ساعت گزارش شد.
رئیس جمهوری آمریکا پیش از ترک کاخ سفید گفت در جریان این سفر با فرماندار آلاباما دیدار کرده و همچنین از خدمات نیروهای امدادرسانی تقدیر خواهد کرد.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>曾在1960年代大获成功的互扣式G标志是品牌的象征之一，源自品牌创始人名表网o 名表网的姓名首字母，自此之后便以各种形式和风格不断出现。这款银质手镯表面经织纹工艺处理，装饰其间的猫科动物头像出自古驰花园。
部分城市支持当日达、次日达；当日达请于当日9：30前提交订单并于10：00前完成支付，次日达请于当日15：30点前提交订单并于16：00前完成支付。支持顺丰速运，部分偏远地区支持EMS。
此商品将会以标准礼品包装寄送<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Concordo sul benessere dell'uomo ma spesso purtroppo su questo concetto si è preso un abbaglio perchè lo si è spogliato di un'altra parola che ritengo doverosa da vivere e diffondere, con i fatti prima ancora che con le parole: solidarietà, o fratellanza, o mutuo aiuto, fate voi. Cordialità.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>The following tropicals are true annuals that you can either grow from seed or purchase inexpensively as cuttings in the spring. Let them freeze in the fall, then start anew in the spring, or overwinter indoors in full sun for even bigger plants the following year.
The huge, bean-like seeds of the fast-growing castor bean plant (Ricinus communis) should be started indoors, in peat pots, about four to six weeks before the last frost. The big, star-shaped leaves can be green or reddish. The insignificant flowers produce attractive, spiky seed capsules (the seeds are poisonous, so keep well away from children and pets). Overwintering isn't necessary; young plants have larger, more exotic leaves than mature ones.
The newest cultivars of coleus (Solenostemon scutellarioides, syn. Coleus blumei) are more compact, with leaves in a variety of shapes and colours—pinks, reds, yellows, purples, oranges—but insignificant blooms. Pinch off flower stalks; the plant tends to collapse after blooming. Normally thought of as a shade plant, dark-leafed coleus, especially, also thrives in sun. Bring in cuttings; coleus is easy to grow indoors.
Other “annuals” (i.e. plants to be treated as annuals) include copperleaf hibiscus (Hibiscus acetosella ‘Coppertone' syn. ‘Red Shield'), iresine (Iresine herbstii), ornamental sweet potato (purple, golden and variegated cultivars of Ipomoea batatas), Swedish ivy (Plectranthus spp.), Pseuderanthemum spp. and purple heart (Tradescantia pallida ‘Purple Heart', syn. Setcreasea purpurea).
Easy to please
Summer care of tropicals is a snap. Unless it's unusually hot and dry, just douse them thoroughly once a week. They're heavy feeders, though; apply a slow-release houseplant or container fertilizer at the beginning of the season and a soluble fertilizer each time you water. Full sun isn't absolutely necessary; the long days of our northern summers mean that even in partial shade, plants collect plenty of solar energy.
When fall arrives, cut off all food and water to the summer bulbs; cut them back when they die down. The bulbs can be stored indoors for the winter, in their pots, at room temperature or somewhat cooler. Cold rooms are a bit too chilly, even for dormant tropicals.
After the first cool evenings of August or early September, hose down the plants and spray with insecticidal soap before bringing them indoors. They will need lots of sun: place in
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considered the God of Water. The Indian Navy's slogan is this: May Varuna the lord of the sea bless us.
source : Bharat Defence Kavach<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>全球首次频谱资源激励拍卖有何经验可循
时间：2019-01-29 21:12:57| 来源：| 编辑：笔名| 点击：0次
全球首次频谱资源激励拍卖有何经验可循？
2017年3月，美国的600MHz频段激励拍卖结束。拍卖历经四个阶段、耗时近10个月，最终从广播电视运营商回收84MHz频率资源，50家公司成功拍得共计70MHz的授权频率使用牌照，拍卖总金额近200亿美元，出让频率的广播电视运营商获补偿金约100亿美元。至此，全球首次频谱资源激励拍卖落下帷幕。
激励拍卖的背景
激励拍卖是一种通过市场手段，鼓励现有频谱持有者自愿放弃频谱使用权，并通过频率的重新规划分配来优化频谱资源配置的拍卖方式。不同于以往的频率拍卖，激励拍卖增加了以市场化手段组织频率回收的阶段，频率持有者基于自愿的原则放弃频率使用权。
为应对移动宽带业务激增所带来的频率资源紧缺问题，2010年3月，美国正式发布《国家宽带计划》，建议国会赋予联邦通信委员会（FCC）实施激励拍卖的权力。在多方的共同努力下，2012年2月，国会正式赋予FCC激励拍卖的权力。
前期准备
2012年3月，FCC成立激励拍卖专门工作组，着手研究并制定激励拍卖实施规则，并计划最先在UHF广播电视频段再分配中使用，同时成立由经济学家组成的激励拍卖专家委员会。5月，FCC组织召开广播电视频道共享研讨会，6月召开频谱重新打包和规划研讨会。10月，公布激励拍卖实施规则。
拍卖规则
激励拍卖包括反向拍卖、频率重新打包和规划、前向拍卖三个部分。反向拍卖确定出广播电视台愿意出让频谱的价格，前向拍卖确定移动通信运营商愿意为得到频谱牌照所支付的价格。激励拍卖按公布频谱拍卖总量目标、反向拍卖、前向拍卖顺序循环进行直至拍卖结束。
拍卖结束。拍卖没有设置结束日期。拍卖结束需满足实现本阶段频谱目标，不能实现频谱目标则降低频谱目标进入下一阶段进行拍卖。拍卖结束还需满足两个价格要求：一是当拍卖频谱目标大于等于70MHz时，前向拍卖平均价格大于或等于1.25美元/MHz/人口；二是前向拍卖累计投标价格满足FCC确定的支付价格。频谱目标和频谱价格同时满足拍卖要求时激励拍卖成功结束。
频率划分方案
通过开展研究及与有关国家进行协调，最终FCC提出计划通过激励拍卖为移动运营商提供最少42MHz、最多126 MHz的频率资源。拍卖所涉及的广播电视频段为578~608MHz（30~36频道）和614~698 MHz（38~51频道），其中37频道（608~614MHz）为射电天文频率，不能被重新分配。由于广播频道的带宽为6MHz，而移动通信信道带宽需要是5MHz的倍数，因此必须对将要回收的频谱进行重新打包。
基于可回收用于拍卖的广播电视频率总量，FCC制定了共九个阶段的频谱拍卖方案：第一阶段拍卖126MHz频率资源，划分为10对5MHz频谱块，涉及全部21个频道；第二阶段拍卖共计114MHz频率资源，涉及19个频道，划分为9个频谱块；第三阶段拍卖共计108MHz频率资源，涉及18个频道，划分为8个频谱块；此后，每一阶段所拍卖的频率资源较上一阶段减少6MHz（也即一个广播电视频道的带宽），直至第九阶段拍卖共计42MHz频率资源（见图）。
若前向拍卖所得足够支付反向拍卖所需的频谱回收价格，则拍卖结束，否则进入下一阶段的拍卖。每一阶段的拍卖都从反向拍卖重新开始，直至进入第九阶段。若在第九阶段仍无法达成双向一致，则整个激励拍卖失败。
激励拍卖的进程
600MHz广播电视频段激励拍卖从2016年5月开始，先后经历四个阶段，最终于2017年3月30日结束。84MHz的广播电视频率共拍得约198亿美元，其中约100.5亿美元用于支付在反向拍卖中中标的广播电视运营商出让其原有频率的补偿，除去组织拍卖所产生的其他开销，共计约73亿美元的结余将划归联邦政府。
拍卖进程
第一阶段（2016年5月31日~8月30日），根据前期对广播电视台意向统计，确定可回收用于拍卖的频谱总量为126MHz，分为10对5MHz的频谱块进行拍卖。反向拍卖的最终报价为864亿美元收回126MHz频谱，在后续进行的前向拍卖中，126MHz的频率资源仅拍得约231亿美元，拍卖被迫进入下一阶段。
第二阶段（2016年9月13日~10月19日），反向拍卖的目标为114MHz的广播电视频谱，分为9对5MHz的频谱块进行拍卖。本阶段，反向拍卖最终报价为546亿美元，但是随后进行的前向拍卖仅拍得215亿美元，拍卖进入下一阶段。
第三阶段（2016年11月1日~12月3日），反向拍卖的目标为108MHz的广播电视频谱，分为8对5MHz的频谱块进行拍卖。本阶段的反向拍卖结果约为403亿美元，随后进行的前向拍卖仅拍得约197亿美元，仍未达到拍卖结束的目标，拍卖再次进入下一阶段。
第四阶段（2016年12月13日~2017年3月30日），反向拍卖频谱回收目标为84MHz ，分为7对5MHz的频谱块进行拍卖。在这一阶段的反向拍卖中，反向拍卖共实现约100.5亿美元的报价，而后续进行的前向拍卖共拍得约198亿美元，达到了拍卖结束的要求。至此，美国的600MHz频段激励拍卖结束。
激励拍卖引发的思考
美国积极规划广电频段
从全球范围来看，地面广播电视业务正在快速被有线电视、IPTV、互联视频等所取代，市场份额呈现下降趋势。为了提升广播电视频段频谱效率，FCC积极对广播电视频段进行规划整合。作为政府机构，FCC能够秉持公正的态度，积极开展广播电视频段的频率规划，将宝贵的频率资源从效率低的业务转移到效率高的业务，大大提升了频谱资源的使用效率，进一步促进了国家经济的发展。
初始阶段700MHz频段拍卖。
美国的地面广播电视经过模拟向数字的转换，实现了698~806MHz共计18个频道（52~69频道）、108MHz的数字红利。为了保障宽带移动通信的飞速发展所带来的用频需求，FCC计划将数字红利频段主要用于移动通信业务。2008年，FCC对700MHz频段进行拍卖，共拍得约195亿美元（后续在2011年对部分流拍频段进行了重新拍卖），移动通信运营商在此次拍卖中获得了优质的无线电频率资源，为第三代、第四代移动通信的发展奠定了基础。
进阶阶段600MHz频段拍卖。
此次进行的600MHz频段拍卖是在前期700MHz频段拍卖的基础上，FCC对广播电视频段的又一次整合。为了进一步提升广播电视频段的利用效率，缓解移动通信频率资源紧张问题，FCC在2010年的《国家宽带战略》中提出计划通过激励拍卖的方式在广播电视频段腾退120MHz的频率资源，用于发展移动通信。此后，经过近四年的筹备以及长达10个月四个阶段的拍卖后，2017年3月，美国的600MHz频段激励拍卖落下帷幕。拍卖共拍出84MHz的频率（其中70MHz为授权使用），至此，美国共实现了192MHz的广播电视频率清退。
激励拍卖首创成功
激励拍卖的概念是美国在全球首先提出的。尽管600MHz频段激励拍卖历经两次推迟，先后经历四个阶段、耗时近10个月才完成，但最终实现了84MHz的频率清退，达到了预期的目标，可以说是成功的。回顾美国的激励拍卖，主要有以下特点。
1.基于自愿原则。前期美国的700MHz频段拍卖，主要采取政府回收、确定基准价的方式完成拍卖。政府基于全国范围内广播电视台站的情况，综合确定所要清退的广播电视频段范围和数量，各竞拍者再通过公开竞价的方式完成频率拍卖。此次激励拍卖的亮点在于反向拍卖，广播电视运营商基于FCC的频谱回收报价，自愿投标放弃广播电视频谱的使用权。通过多轮报价，最终确定中标者
。
2.频谱拍卖总量不定。激励拍卖的前向拍卖与传统的拍卖方式一样，但却有着本质上的不同。在反向拍卖结束前，参加本阶段前向拍卖的竞拍者不能事先知道在前向拍卖中可以拍卖的频谱数量、可用的特定频率以及该特定频率可使用的地区。此外，与传统拍卖方式的单一频带、一定数量的频谱块和统一设置的地理区域许可不同，激励拍卖中的前向拍卖不同地理区域可拍卖的频谱量也不同。这就使得整个激励拍卖存在更大的变数和不可预知性，存在着拍卖失败的可能。
3.拍卖规则复杂、考虑事项多。激励拍卖包含反向拍卖、频谱重新打包和前向拍卖三个部分，各个部分环环相扣、相互依存。前向拍卖中的频谱依赖于反向拍卖中频谱投标和重新打包结果；反向拍卖的中标者将从前向拍卖中获得收益；重新打包方法用于决定反向拍卖中标者以及为仍在运营的广播电视台分配哪些频道。激励拍卖要想成功实施，三个部分必须同时起作用。此外，频谱的重新打包涉及广播电视频段的重组。由于激励拍卖后仍将有广播电视公司继续在UHF频段提供业务，因此在广播电视频段重组时，要考虑各业务之间干扰问题，边境地区还要考虑和周边国家的协调问题。
* * *
美国通过拍卖的方式，鼓励频率资源向用频紧缺的业务转移，不断提升频谱的使用效率，通过市场化的方式优化无线电频率资源的配置，也为其他国家的频谱资源管理提供了新的方法和思路。
在以5G、物联为代表的新技术和新业务飞速发展的今天，我国也面临着频率资源紧缺的问题。我国的无线电管理机构可以开展频率资源市场化配置的可行性研究，在合适的时机下，选取典型频段和业务开展试点工作，为今后我国的频率资源市场化配置提供依据。<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Film and Media
Elizabeth: Romantic Film Heroine or Sixteenth-Century Queen?
Carole Levin, April 1999
Presenting history on film in a way that is both historically accurate and dramatically satisfying can be a difficult task. Last year's Elizabeth, directed by Shekhar Kapur and starring Cate Blanchett, is the most recent attempt to dramatize the life of one of history's most interesting characters. Sometimes dramatic films must sacrifice historical accuracy to present the greater "truth" about a person or a time period or simply to make a satisfying story. Shakespeare's own history plays were filled with inaccuracies but are great drama, and Kenneth Branagh's version of Henry V beautifully recreates medieval politics and the horrors of war while presenting wonderful character development. Henry V works as both modern film and historical drama. Elizabeth, all too often, does not.
That events from throughout Elizabeth's reign are presented as occurring in the first five years is forgivable as dramatic license, but numerous made-up events and historical errors mar the film. It begins at the violent end of Mary I's reign, as the Catholic ruler has heretics burned in a violent effort to halt the Protestantism unleashed by her father Henry VIII. Though greatly at risk, Elizabeth survives her sister's reign to become queen and establish England as a Protestant nation. The film takes great liberties by compressing the political intrigues with members of her court and the conflicts with Scotland, France, and Spain from throughout her reign into the first five years.
The script appears most responsible for the film's failings. That it plays fast and loose with historical fact would be less egregious if it was at least good drama. But, alas, this is a historical drama that is neither historical nor dramatic. The plot is episodic and unfortunately often quite incoherent. The audience is presented with a young queen under threat, a threat that is being resolved at the end of the film. But throughout the film the threat is never very clear—was the threat from France, from Scotland, from Spain, or from the Pope? Was the villainous Duke of Norfolk indeed the next heir to the English throne? Anyone who knows 16th-century history well realizes the film is filled with inaccuracies—for those who don't, much of it is incomprehensible, as it really does not explain the political issues that faced Elizabeth at the beginning of her reign. Indeed, Kapur admitted that the plot was so complex even "he was occasionally unsure who was doing what to whom (or why)" (see Gemma Files, "Like a virgin: Shekhar Kapur's Elizabeth, wooden teeth and all," Eye (November 5, 1998) at http://www.eye.net/eye/issue/issue_11.05.98/film/elizabeth.html).
But one of the film's greatest failings is that it does not present an accurate portrait of its title character. Today many people are interested in the concept of a strong, independent woman, and many of them may flock to the theater as a result, but unfortunately the film's character Elizabeth is not as interesting as many historians' depiction of the actual 16th-century monarch.
Elizabeth was a strong and fascinating woman, but the film rarely depicts her complexity or strength of character. She is weak and indecisive through much of the film, and though she claims to be "no man's Elizabeth," she seems dependent on Francis Walsingham (her master of spies) even at the end. This is a pity, as the film has some beautiful photography, stunning costumes, and occasional magnificent moments. The cast is impressive, especially its star; Cate Blanchett looks just right as the young Elizabeth and has tremendous presence. She could have been truly excellent with a better script and better direction.
A Portrait of Weakness
Many historians would argue that in 1558 when Elizabeth became queen at age 25 she was already adept at self-preservation, effective at court intrigue, and well aware of the necessity of being loved by her people. But at the beginning, the film characterizes Elizabeth as very young and innocent—more like a 16- year-old than an adult. Early in the film there are powerful moments of Elizabeth in the Tower of London saying to her women companions, "tonight I think I am going to die." She poignantly begs her sister Mary not to kill her, and expresses her commitment to freedom of conscience. Once she is queen, however, she often seems more interested in performing the latest dances at court than with the more serious aspects of rule. Though she states her concern for her people, we do not have scenes with Elizabeth beyond the court that would emphasize this.
The comparison to the strong, sexually confident warrior queen Mary of Guise (the regent of Scotland) is particularly striking. In one scene, we see Mary on the battlefield in armor sending a young boy back to Elizabeth; his English blood stains her French colors. This is contrasted with Elizabeth prostrate before the shrouded portrait of her father Henry VIII, and weeping because the English sent boys to fight in Scotland had been slaughtered because there were no reinforcements. Emotionally at that moment, Mary is a far more attractive queen to the audience than Elizabeth.
It is no surprise then that the male characters do not take her seriously as queen either. Her principal secretary, William Cecil, lectures her as if she were a schoolgirl. The Duke of Norfolk marches into her bedchamber to wake her up and inform her she had better get to
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的反担保合同。如因甲方未能如约履行上述贷 款合同相关义务，乙方自接获贷款银行的贷款催收通知书或贷款逾 期通知之日起，即可向甲方行使追索权，并可同时选择以下方式向 反担保方行使权利。 （一） 提供经乙方认可的财产权利抵押/质押反担保： （二） 提供经乙方认可的个人无限连带责任、法人连带责任反担保： （三） 其它反担保方式： 第三条 反担保方式所提供的反担保范围及期限： 反担保范围：甲方依照贷款合同应履行的全部债务；乙方依照保证 合同承担保证责任应当或已经履行的债务，包括但不限于贷款本金、 利息（含正常利息、罚息、复息）、违约金、损害赔偿金以及债权 人实现债权的费用。乙方实现反担保债权的费用以及依照本合同约 定的乙方可以向甲方追偿的一切费用等。 反担保期限：自本合同生效之日至甲乙双方债权债务结清时终止。 第四条 甲方在此向乙方作如下保证： （一） 甲方完全接受乙方为其出具的担保书； （二） 甲方向乙方保证对其提供的所有文件/资料的真实性和完整性 负全部责任，如甲方 所出具的文件/资料出现任何虚假，甲方须为此承担刑事责任； （三） 甲方保证按期履行上述与银行签订的贷款合同； （四） 乙方对上述贷款银行提交的贷款催收通知书或逾期贷款通知 书所附的任何文件、 单据、证据所述之真实性不负任何责任。 （五） 甲方有义务向乙方如实通报履约情况及经营中重大事项或个 人资料的变动情况， 保证接受乙方随时检查。甲方保证在贷款合同签署后按季度向乙方 报送银行对帐 单和经审计的财务报表。 第五条 担保合同项下的索赔 当上述贷款银行按担保合同规定向乙方主张担保权利，乙方确认有 关贷款催收 通知书或逾期贷款通知书真实的情况下，无论甲方或反担保人是否 反对或提出异议，乙方迫于履行担保义务而选择代甲方向贷款银行 还款时，甲方及其继承人或债务受让人、反担保人不因乙方未向债 权银行行使过抗辩权而免除其相应的反担保责任。乙方有权从代偿 之日起，每日按偿付款项的万分之五乘以实际垫款天数向甲方收取 罚金。 第六条 担保费用 甲方在此保证，在甲、乙双方签署本合同后，在银行《保证担保借 款合同》签署之前，按照下列规定向乙方支付担保费及其它相关费 用，同时缴存反担保保证金。 （一） 担保费 担保费按银行发放贷款的 %计算，即人民币 元，每年一次收取， 每年每次收取人民币元。 （二） 滞纳金 甲方应在双方正式签订担保文件的三个工作日一次缴纳担保费用。 如延迟交纳未获乙方同意的，乙方按费用总额向甲方收取每天万分 之五的违约金。 （三） 保证金 1、在本贷款发放之前，甲方须缴纳贷款额的 作为保证金。此保证 金由甲方筹缴。如延迟，乙方所收贷款额的 保证金按每天万分之五 支付给甲方。 2、甲方提供给乙方保证金，如甲方逾期支付本金及利息，乙方有权 以此保证金直接偿还贷款本息。 3、甲方存入乙方指定帐户的保证金所产生的利息，归属乙方所有。 （四） 其它费用 1、 为实现本合同目的经甲方确认后所办理的评估、鉴定、登记、 公证、保险、保管、 运输、差旅、咨询等费用均由甲方承担。由乙方代为支付的，甲方 应在乙方支付之日起 3 个工作日内向乙方偿还。 2、 甲方在此是按照贷款银行批准的贷款期限收费，如甲方原因致 使乙方在贷款到期 后仍然无法解除担保责任或担保责任加重的，乙方有权向甲方收取 贷款期限届满日至担保责任依法定或约定解除或届满期间的双倍担 保费及滞纳金。 第七条 违约及违约后果 （一） 如因甲方原因，致使本笔业务无法完成，乙方只退回所收取 的担保费的 50%，余 下 50%作为乙方劳务费用。如因乙方原因无法完成本笔业务，则乙 方全额退回所收取的担保费。 （二） 由于乙方所担保的是甲方按期、足额的归还贷款，所以如因 甲方未能如约履行上 述贷款合同相关义务，乙方自接获贷款银行的贷款催收书或贷款逾 期通知书之日起，甲方即须承担以下违约责任，乙方可向甲方追偿 的款项包括不限于： 1、 贷款本息、利息、罚息、复息； 2、 担保标的额 20%的违约金； 3、 乙方代偿款及代偿款利息； 4、 乙方为实现债权所须花费的一切费用（评估、鉴定、登记、公 证、保险、保管、 运输、差旅、拍卖变卖费用、诉讼费用、律师费用等）； 5、 依本合同约定乙方应收取的担保费及滞纳金； 6、 反担保债权实现后不足以弥补乙方损失的差额。 （三） 甲方、反担保隐瞒抵押物、质押物存在共有、争议、挂失、 提前支取被查封扣押、 提起公示催告程序、涉及诉讼或仲裁、以设定担保物权等以及发生 其它严重及职权实现事项的，甲方必须向乙方支付贷款本金每日万 分之五的违约金，违约金不足弥补乙方损失的，甲方还应就不足部 分加以赔偿乙方。同时乙方有权就损失部分向甲方追究相关法律责 任。 （四） 存在下列情形之一者，乙方不承担担保责任； 1、 贷款银行与甲方协议变更《贷款合同》未经乙方书面同意； 2、 贷款银行允许甲方转让债务未经乙方书面同意； 3、 以“借新还旧”的方式发放的贷款； 4、 其它恶意侵害乙方权益的行为。 第八条 义务的履行及权利的放弃 （一） 甲方、反担保方在本合同项下的义务具有独立性，不受本合 同任何一方与第三人 之间关系的影响，但本合同另有约定的除外。 （二） 乙方或债权给予主债务人的任何宽容、宽限、优惠或延缓行 使本合同，均不应作 债权人或乙方对本合同项下权利、权利的放弃或丧失，也不影响甲 方、反担保方在本合同项下应承担的任何义务。 第九条 合同的修改、补充和解释 （一） 本合同经甲乙双方书面同意可以修改或补充，本合同的任何 修改或补充均构成本 合同不可分割的一部分。甲方要求乙方修改担保内容时，须向乙方 提交书面的修改申请和上述贷款银行对所作修改的书面认可文件， 在增加担保金额或延长担保期限的情况下，甲方还必须相应增加或 延长对乙方的反担保及其费用，否则乙方有权不接受甲方的修改申 请。如甲方与债权人达成任何未经乙方书面确认的新承诺，则乙方 的全部担保责任即告解除。 （二） 如国家法律、法规或司法实践的任何变化导致贷款合同、担 保合同或本合同任条 款成为非法、无效或失去了强制执行性，本合同任何其它条款的合 法性、有效性和强制性均不受任何影响，本合同各当事人届时应密 切合作，尽快修改本合同中成为非法、无效或失去了强制执行性的 有关条款。 （三） 甲乙双方的权利、责任及义务如在贷款合同、担保合同的约 定与本合同的内 容有冲突，以本合同为准。 第十条 争议、管辖和放弃豁免 （一） 本合同的订立、效力、解释、履行及争议的解决均适用中华 人民共和国法律。 （二） 如甲方未按照本合同的约定全面、适当履行债务，甲方愿意 直接接受人民法院的 强制执行。甲、乙双方共同约定对本协议办理公证，该公证书应具 有强制执行效力，公证费用由甲方负担。 （三） 乙方向法院申请支付令或持具有强制执行效力的公证文书直 接向人民法院申请强 制执行时，甲方将无条件放弃抗辩权。 （四） 如乙方选择不直接向人民法院申请执行公证债权文书，或人 民法院裁定不予执行 或撤消公证债权文书，或甲方行使诉讼权利，应当向乙方住所地的 人民法院提起诉讼。 第十一条 通知 （一） 本合同约定和法定的通知自送达受送达方住所时生效。 地址确认： 【篇二：货款担保书】 货款担保书 致（下称贷款单位） ： 根据 （贷款单位）与（借 款单位） 在年月日贷款单位向借款单位提供 元（大写 ）货款借款。 现我担保人、、愿意担保：当借款单位不论由于什么原因不能向贷 款单位履行还本、付息及支付相关费用时， 所有担保人自愿共同承担并于出货时间（ 年月日）一周内即 年月日 无条件付清本次担保借款的本金、利息及相关费用。 担保人声明和保证： 一、担保人是在 自愿、公平、合法 的情况下签定本担保书，任何改 变担保人本身性质、地 位的事件、事项发生或者有可能发生时，担保人保证及时通知贷款 单位。 二、担保人在收到贷款人出具的要求担保人履行担保责任的付款通 知书后，不管贷款人是否 向借款单位追索，保证按付款通知书规定的付款日、付款金额，主 动、一次性向贷款单 位付清全部应付款项。贷款单位出具的付款通知书是终结性的，对 借款单位和担保人均 有约束力。 三、如果借款单位解散、破产、更改名称等类似情况出现，并不解 除担保人在此担保书下的 责任。 四、担保人的继承人（包括因改组合并而继承）将受本担保书的约 束，并继续承担本担保项 下的责任。未得到贷款单位事先书面同意，担保人不能转让其担保 义务。 五、本担保书是无条件不可撤销的担保。担保人与任何其它方面签 定的任何合同（协议或契 身份证号码： 身份证号码： 身份证号码： 贷款 单位：担保签定时间： 【篇三：民间借款担保合同范本】 民间借款担保合同 借款人： 担保人： 贷款人： 本合同各方根据《中华人民共和国合同法》、《中华人民共和国担 保法》、《中华人民共和国民法通则》等规定，本着平等、自愿、 诚实守信、协商一致的原则，为明确责任，恪守信用，签订本合同， 并保证共同遵守。 第一部分 借贷条款 第一条 借款用途：本合同项下之借款用于且必须合法使用。 第二条 借款金额：借款金额为人民币(大写)： 万元整，小写： ￥ 元(大小写不一致时，以大写为准，下同)。 第三条借款期限：借款期限为个月，自年 月 日起到年 月 日止。 第四条 借款利率：借款期限内的(年/月)利率为 。（借款人到期未归 还本金的，逾期部分按照在本条约定利率的基础上加收 5%利率） 第五条 还款方式：借款人选择以下第 种还款方式： 1、到期一次还本付息，利随本清。 2、按 (月/季)结息，利息支付日为每 (月/季)末本清。 3、其他。 第六条 如出现下列情形，贷款人有权随时要求借款人在约定的期限 内提前清偿部分或全部贷款本息： 1、借款人将所借款项用于非法活动。 2、担保物毁损或灭失，不足以实现本合同担保之目的，借款人和担 保人不能提供贷款人可予接受的其他担保的。 3、借款人或担保人的资信出现危机，有可能导致出借人无法收回借 款的。 第七条 借款人的权利和义务： 1、如实提供有关证件、证明和其他材料，并接受贷款人的监督和检 查; 2、保证本借款按照借款用途使用且不用于非法活动; 3、按照本合同的约定取得借款本金，并按时偿还借款本息。 第八条 贷款人的权利和义务： 1、保证资金来源合法; 2、按约定向借款人发放贷款; 3、有权按照本合同的约定收取借贷本金和利息，有权按照约定行使 担保追索权。 第二部分 担保条款 第九条 担保人：为确保借款人正当履行还款义务，担保人自愿以其 拥有所有权并有权处分权的全部财产担保给贷款人，作为借款人归 还借款的担保。 本合同项下的担保财产为： 担保人保证：所担保的自有财产满足担保条件，并同意受本合同约 束。 但保人所承担的担保为连带责任担保。 第十条 担保范围：为本合同项下的贷款本金、利息、逾期利息、违 约金以及贷款人实现债权的所有费用（包括仲裁费用、诉讼费用和 律师费用等）。 当借款人未按照本合同约定履行其还款义务时，无论贷款人对本合 同项下的债权是否拥有其它担保，贷款人均有权直接要求担保人承 担担保责任。 第三部分 违约责任及其他约定 第十一条 违约责任：下列情况均构成违约，违约方应承担违约责任： 1、借款人提供的证件、证明等有虚假、非法的情况，贷款人可要求 借款人立即偿还全部借款及相应利息，可依法行使对本合同项下的 担保权。 2、借款人在还款期限届满时，未能足额偿还借款本息的，视为严重 违约，应另行向贷款人支付全部�
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opausal stage, estrogen loss occurs which interferes with absorption of calcium and trabecular bone loss results faster than normal. Slowly, the outer shell of the bone that is cortical is also lost.
Senile bone loss or osteoporosis occurs in men and women. Due to aging, cortical and trabecular bone loss occurs because of decrease in bone cell activity. The decrease in bone cell activity also results from low intake of calcium and low levels of vitamin D which is mostly seen in elderly people.
Some underlying conditions such as hypogonadism, chronic renal disease, gastrectomy, and hyperthyroidism can cause fractures and bone loss.
Prevent fractures and bone loss with calcium:
Eat lots of calcium containing foods for osteoporosis treatment. If calcium intake is low consistently, it can result in high fracture rates and low bone mass. Good sources of calcium include yoghurt, milk, cheese and green leafy vegetables such as spinach and broccoli. Include fish like salmon and sardines. Women at menopause should consume 1000mg of calcium everyday.
If calcium intake is not possible through food, supplements can help. But, remember that supplements should be taken along with food to increase their absorption. Don’t rely only on supplements without proper diet.
Expose to sun to get vitamin D, as it helps in absorbing calcium. If elderly people cannot get outdoors, they should take vitamin D supplements.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Spor Toto Süper Lig'in yayıncı kuruluşu Digitürk, bitime dört hafta kala bir anket düzenledi.
'Şampiyon kim olur?' sorusunun yöneltildiği ankette dün öğle saatlerine kadar Trabzonspor yüzde 52'ye yüzde 48 öndeydi. Ancak Sarı-Lacivertliler 15.30'dan itibaren yüzde 50.09'a yüzde 49.91 öne geçti.
Akşam gazetesinin haberine göre, Trabzon'da Fırtına'nın şampiyon olacağına inananların oranı yüzde 96.13... Trabzon'da ayrıca yüzde 3.87 oranında da F.Bahçe lehine oy kullanan çıktı.
İstanbul'da F.Bahçe'nin şampiyonluğunu bekleyenler yüzde 58.72 ile Türkiye ortalamasının üstünde.
Ligde Fenerbahçe ve Trabzonspor 70'er puanla zirvede bulunuyor ve sarı-lacivertliler ikili averajla liderlik koltuğunda oturuyor.
FENER 4'TE SIFIR ÇEKTİ
Sarı-lacivertliler, dört kez son dört haftaya rakibiyle eşit puanda girip sıfır çekti.
1966-1967 sezonunda Beşiktaş, 1978-1979 sezonunda Trabzonspor, 1997-1998 ve 2007-2008'de Galatasaray ipi göğüsledi.
Türkiye hangi takımın ipi göğüsleyeceği konusunda ikiye bölündü, Fenerbahçe burun farkıyla önde.
Spor Toto Süper Lig'in yayıncı kuruluşu Digitürk, bitime dört hafta kala bir anket düzenledi.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>"G.Saraylılar beni istemiyor"
Arda Turan Beyaz TV'de yayınlanan programa bağlanarak kendisine ve Milli Takıma yapılan eleştirilere cevap verdi.
"ÜLKEMİZDEN ÖZÜR DİLİYORUZ"
"Performastan dolayı ülkemizden özür diliyoruz. Bize isyan ediliyor. Eleştirmekte haklılar.
Ben sahaya geldiğim an kahvemi içerim ardından yedek kulübesinde otururum. O salladığınız fotoğraftan bir tek ben 20 dakika oynadım. Gerçekten eleştirilecek şeyleri söyleyin.
Rasim Ozan Kütahyalı araya girerek, "Arda sende de agresiflik var" dedi.
Arda, "Bende bir agresiflik olabilir. Ama bu fotoğrafta durum farklı" dedi.
"ŞİDDET HATALI BİR DAVRANIŞ"
Ahmet Çakar'ın, "Bilal Meşe'ye yaptığının yanlış olduğunu kabul ediyor musun?"sorusuna ise "Samimi söylüyorum, şiddet hatalı bir davranış. 2 dakika soru sorduktan sonra yapılmış bir hatadır ama Bilal Meşe olduğu için değil, şiddet olduğu için yanlıştır. Bilal Meşe benimle en çok röportaj yapmış insandır. Avrupa Şampiyonası'ndan sonra bile bana 1 kere bana selam vermedi." dedi.
MİLLİ TAKIMA NEDEN DÖNDÜN SORUSU
Arda'ya "Milli Takımı bırakmıştın niye döndün bırakmıştın?" diye soruldu.
Arda da, "Biz genç adamlarız ihtiyacımız olan şey birazcık sevgi. Birazcık birleşmeye ihtiyacımız var. Lucescu'ya benim için Barcelona'ya kadar gelmesi gerekmediğini, kenarda (yedek) kalabileceğimi de söyledi." şeklinde cevap verdi.
"G.SARAY TARAFTARI BENİ İSTEMİYOR"
Arda Turan'a Gatalatasaray'a dönüp dönmeyeceği soruldu. Arda Turan şu cevabı verdi: "Galatasaray benim evim ancak Barcelona ile 3 yıl daha sözleşmem var. Şu anda taraftar yüzde yüz benim geri dönmemi istemiyor. Bunu bildiğim için Barcelona'da devam etmek istiyorum." dedi.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>COM03422 Food & Wine Writing
This unit develops your knowledge of and skills in food and wine writing. You will critically examine food and wine writing examples as models. This is done alongside reading of narrative theory. Exercises in the basic creative-writing strategies initiate your own practice, while the discussions of narrative theory underpin your practical application. The examination of genres in food and wine writing—such as fiction and creative nonfiction, or reviews and feature articles—demonstrates the range available for particular publishing contexts. Opportunities for publication available in a variety of media—for example, print or audio—are explored through matching writing strategies to the medium. The unit concludes with a consideration of the professional writer’s practice in the publishing industry.
Topic 1: Genre and food and wine writing
Topic 2: Creative-writing strategies: rehearsal
Topic 3: Varied genres
Topic 4: Varied media
Topic 5: Research skills and scholarly practice
Topic 6: Publishing
- differentiate between various food and wine writing genres
- critically analyse specific forms of food and wine writing
- write within the specific conventions of a chosen genre or media practice in the context of food and/or wine writing
- demonstrate skills in re-writing and self-editing for successful publication
- Apply appropriate research methods and skills for writing in specific food and wine contexts.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Oct. 20, 2015 | John Upton
As the world tries to shift away from fossil fuels, the energy industry is turning to what seems to be an endless supply of renewable energy: wood. In England and across Europe, wood has become the renewable of choice, with forests — many of them in the U.S. — being razed to help feed surging demand. But as this five-month Climate Central investigation reveals, renewable energy doesn’t necessarily mean clean energy. Burning trees as fuel in power plants is heating the atmosphere more quickly than coal.
Climate Central reporter John Upton traveled to England and through the U.S. Southeast to investigate both ends of the global trade in wood pellets, interviewing scientists, politicians, policy makers, activists, workers and industry leaders. Europe has long been viewed as the wellspring of climate action. But the loophole that’s promoting wood burning is so overlooked, he discovered, that it’s unlikely to even be raised during global climate treaty negotiations in Paris this December.
Part 1: [Exerpts]
The European Accounting Error That’s Warming the Planet.
In England and across Europe, the most popular source of renewable energy is wood. But chopping down trees — many of them in the U.S. — and burning the wood heats the planet more quickly than burning coal. Yet plants like Drax receive financial support to switch from coal to wood. That’s because of an entrenched loophole in the EU’s climate rules.”
That loophole treats electricity generated by burning wood as a “carbon neutral” or “zero emissions” energy source — the same as solar panels or wind turbines. When power plants in major European countries burn wood, the only carbon dioxide pollution they report is from the burning of fossil fuels needed to manufacture and transport the woody fuel. European law assumes climate pollution released directly by burning fuel made from trees doesn’t matter, because it will be re-absorbed by trees that grow to replace them.
The assumption is convenient, but wrong. Climate science has been rejecting it for more than 20 years. It ignores the decades it can take for a replacement forest to grow to be as big as one that was chopped down for energy— or the possibility that it won’t regrow at all. The assumption also ignores the loss of a tree’s ability to absorb carbon dioxide after it gets cut down, pelletized and vaporized.
Read more via: http://reports.climatecentral.org/pulp-fiction/1/
Part 2: [Exerpts]
The American Trees That Are Electrifying Europe
Scientists and environmentalists agree that wood energy can sometimes help the environment. The main factors that determine whether it could help save the planet — or help destroy it — are the scale of the operation and the source of the wood. Using sawdust and mill leftovers to heat and power a school in a Pacific Northwest timber town may help. Cutting down forests to fuel an international energy market will not.
The U.S. pellet industry quickly grew too big to rely on logging and sawmill waste. The American logging industry’s ups and downs are rooted in construction sector trends — and experts say it wouldn’t be feasible for Europe’s power plants to depend on an undependable flow of its trash wood. “I can’t see the energy industry having its feedstock affected by a housing cycle,” said Robert Abt, a forestry professor at North Carolina State University. “You just can’t build a significant energy sector from picking up the slash from a cyclical lumber industry.”
The wood pellet mills are paying for trees to be cut down — trees that could be used by other industries, or left to grow and absorb carbon dioxide. And the mills are being bankrolled by climate subsidies in Europe, where wood pellets are replacing coal at a growing number of power plants.
Read More via http://reports.climatecentral.org/pulp-fiction/2/
Part 3: [Exerpts]
Wood Burning May Play Big Role In EPA’s New Rules
Burning wood only helps the climate in special circumstances, like when waste is used for energy instead of being burned off in a field, or when trees are planted on barren land to eventually produce fuel.
Wood is a fuel, meaning it must be burned to produce electricity, which releases pollution. Analysis of European data suggests that converting a modern coal plant to run on wood pellets increases carbon dioxide pollution by 15 to 20 percent. And for power plants in Europe and parts of Asia that are burning wood pellets (many of which are being produced in the U.S. — all for export) for electricity, carbon pollution can be even greater, because fuels are needed to produce and transport the pellets.
Read More via http://reports.climatecentral.org/pulp-fiction/3/<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Avuç içi kaşıntısıyla başa çıkmak için bazı etkili yöntemler vardır.
Avuç İçi Kaşıntısına Neden Olan Faktörler
Avuç içi kaşıntısı, birçok farklı faktöre bağlı olarak ortaya çıkabilir ve bu faktörlerin belirlenmesi, tedavi sürecinde önemli rol oynar. Avuç içi kaşıntısı genellikle alerjik reaksiyonlar, cilt enfeksiyonları, dermatit, egzama, mantar enfeksiyonları veya kuru cilt gibi faktörlere bağlı olarak ortaya çıkabilir. Ayrıca, stres, aşırı terleme veya kimyasallarla temas gibi çevresel etkiler de avuç içi kaşıntısına neden olabilir. Bu nedenle, avuç içi kaşıntısını kontrol altına alabilmek için temel nedenlerin belirlenmesi önemlidir. Doğru teşhis ve tedavi için bir dermatolog veya uzman hekime başvurmanız önerilir.
Evde Uygulanabilecek Doğal Çözümler
Avuç içi kaşıntısını hafifletmek ve rahatlamak için doğal ev tedavileri kullanılabilir.
Avuç içi kaşıntısı acı verici bir durum olabilir ve hayat kalitesini olumsuz etkileyebilir. Neyse ki, doğal çözümler kullanarak bu kaşıntıyı hafifletebilir ve rahatlama sağlayabilirsiniz.
- Aloe vera jeli: Aloe vera jeli avuç içi kaşıntısını hafifletmek için anti-enflamatuar özelliklere sahip bir doğal ilaç olarak kullanılabilir. Kaşıntılı bölgelere biraz jel uygulayarak rahatlama sağlayabilirsiniz.
- Beyaz sirke banyosu: Beyaz sirke ile yapılan bir el banyosu, avuç içi kaşıntısını azaltmaya yardımcı olabilir. Bir kabın içine sıcak su ve biraz beyaz sirke ekleyerek ellerinizi 10-15 dakika boyunca bu karışıma batırabilirsiniz.
- Baharatlı zencefil suyu: Zencefilin anti-enflamatuar özellikleri, avuç içi kaşıntısının hafifletilmesine yardımcı olabilir. Bir dilim taze zencefil ve birkaç dilim limonu kaynar suya atarak sıcak bir içecek hazırlayabilirsiniz.
Doğal tedavileri kullanmadan önce reaksiyonlarınızı kontrol etmek için küçük bir bölgede denemeniz önemlidir. Eğer belirtilerde herhangi bir kötüleşme veya yan etki fark ederseniz, tedaviyi bırakmalı ve bir sağlık uzmanına danışmalısınız. Doğal tedavilerin yanı sıra, sağlıklı bir beslenme düzenine ve iyi bir hijyen uygulamasına da dikkat etmek avuç içi kaşıntısını önlemeye yardımcı olabilir.
Aloe Vera Jeli
Aloe vera jeli avuç içi kaşıntısını hafifletmek için anti-enflamatuar özelliklere sahip bir doğal ilaç olarak kullanılabilir.
Aloe vera bitkisi, yüzyıllardır cilt rahatsızlıklarının tedavisi için kullanılan doğal bir bitkidir. İçerisinde bulunan anti-enflamatuar bileşikler sayesinde avuç içi kaşıntısını hafifletmek ve rahatlatmak için etkilidir.
Aloe vera jelinin doğrudan avuç içine uygulanması, kaşıntıya neden olan inflamasyonu azaltabilir. Ayrıca, cildi nemlendirir ve iyileşmeyi hızlandırır.
Aloe vera jeli, evde kolaylıkla bulunabilen ve kullanılabilen bir doğal tedavi seçeneğidir. Düzenli olarak uygulandığında, avuç içi kaşıntısının hafiflemesine yardımcı olabilir ve cildinizi rahatlatabilir.
Beyaz Sirke Banyosu
Beyaz sirke ile yapılan bir el banyosu, avuç içi kaşıntısını azaltmaya yardımcı olabilir.
Beyaz sirke, doğal ve etkili bir ev çözümüdür. Avuç içi kaşıntısını hafifletmek için kullanılabilir. Sirke, anti-enflamatuar özellikleri sayesinde cilt tahrişini yatıştırabilir ve kaşıntıyı azaltabilir.
Beyaz sirke banyosu için uygulama oldukça basittir. Bir kase sıcak suya birkaç yemek kaşığı beyaz sirke ekleyin. Ellerinizi bu karışıma batırın ve 10-15 dakika boyunca bekletin. Ardından ellerinizi temiz suyla durulayın ve kurulayın.
Bu yöntemi düzenli olarak uygulamak, avuç içi kaşıntısını azaltmaya yardımcı olabilir. Ancak, sirkeye karşı bir alerjiniz varsa veya cildinizde herhangi bir tahriş veya yara varsa, kullanmadan önce doktorunuza danışmanız önemlidir.
Baharatlı Zencefil Suyu
Baharatlı Zencefil Suyu
Zencefil, anti-enflamatuar özellikleri sayesinde avuç içi kaşıntısının hafifletilmesine yardımcı olabilir. Bu güçlü bitkinin içerdiği aktif bileşenler, inflamasyonu azaltarak kaşıntıya neden olan semptomları rahatlatabilir.
Baharatlı zencefil suyu yapmak için aşağıdaki adımları izleyebilirsiniz:
- Bir parça taze zencefili soyun ve rendeleyin.
- 1 su bardağı suyu kaynatın ve rendelenmiş zencefili ekleyin.
- Kaynamaya devam ettirerek zencefilin içerisine geçmesini sağlayın.
- 5-10 dakika boyunca kaynatmaya devam edin ve ardından ocaktan alın.
- Suyu süzün ve içmeye hazır hale getirin.
Baharatlı zencefil suyunu günde 2-3 kez tüketerek avuç içi kaşıntısının hafiflemesine katkıda bulunabilirsiniz. Ancak, herhangi bir alerjik reaksiyon veya yan etki gelişirse, derhal doktorunuza başvurmanız önemlidir.
Beslenme ve Hygiene
Beslenme ve hijyen konuları, avuç içi kaşıntısını önlemenin önemli faktörleridir. Sağlıklı bir beslenme düzeni, vücudun ihtiyaç duyduğu besinleri almasına ve bağışıklık sistemini güçlendirmesine yardımcı olabilir. Bu da cilt sağlığınızı iyileştirerek avuç içi kaşıntısını azaltabilir. Omega-3 yağ asitleri, A, C, E vitamini gibi anti-inflamatuar özelliklere sahip olan besinlerin tüketimi önerilir. Aynı zamanda lifli gıdaları tercih etmek ve yeterli miktarda su tüketmek de sağlıklı bir beslenme düzeninin önemli unsurlarıdır.
Hijyen de avuç içi kaşıntısını önlemede etkili olabilir. Ellerinizi düzenli olarak yıkamak, bakteri ve mikropların yayılmasını engeller ve el sağlığını korur. Kuru ve çatlamış ellerin nemlendirilmesi, cildinizi koruyarak kaşıntıyı azaltabilir. Ayrıca, tahriş edici maddelerden kaçınmak da önemlidir. Bu nedenle, el hijyenine dikkat etmek ve sağlıklı bir beslenme düzeni izlemek, avuç içi kaşıntısını önlemek için atılması gereken adımlardır.
Sağlıklı bir beslenme düzeni ve iyi bir hijyen, avuç içi kaşıntısını önlemeye yardımcı olabilir.
Tedavi Seçenekleri
Tedavi Seçenekleri
Gerektiğinde, avuç içi kaşıntısını tedavi etmek için eczanelerde reçetesiz ilaçlar bulunmaktadır. Avuç içi kaşıntısıyla başa çıkmak için birkaç tedavi seçeneği mevcuttur:
- Topikal Kortikosteroid Kremler: Doktorunuzun önerisiyle kullanılan topikal kortikosteroid kremler, avuç içi kaşıntısını rahatlatabilir. Bu kremler, kaşıntıyı azaltırken aynı zamanda cildin tahrişini de önleyebilir.
- Antihistaminik İlaçlar: Antihistaminik ilaç
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EU such as expatriates, emigrants, expelled Hungarian nationals, or honourable Hungarians living with a Hungarian spouse or family members. Furthermore, this gesture could mean a nation build- 41 Although the nationality law since 1879 has tolerated multiple nationality, exclusion of dual citizenship was the rule between 1946 and 1989 through bilateral agreements with Romania, Soviet Union, Poland, Bulgaria, East Germany, Mongolia and Czechoslovakia. Lawful emigrants, mixed couples and their children had to choose the nationality of the country of residence and terminate the others. 42 Art 4 of the Act LVI of 2003, and it entered into force with the Act promulgating the Treaty on the Accession of the Hungarian Republic to the European Union.
18 38 JUDIT TÓTH ing policy toward kin-minorities living in candidate or newly accessed countries in the neighbourhood. iv. Recognised refugees have also received preferential naturalisation since The starting point is formally related to the Geneva Convention in which naturalisation is noted as an instrument of durable solution. In the case of Hungary this provision was also an ethnically motivated gesture due to the fact that a majority of recognised refugees in were kin-minority from across the borders. Gradually, the composition of asylum seekers has changed and this benefit has survived in parallel with a decrease in the number of recognised refugees in recent decades. Some believe that asylum could legalise the law of return to the motherland. 43 v. The continuous principle regarding migrants integration has been the ethnic approximation. The long-term residence permit and naturalisation are accessible for Hungarian speaking, working, self-sufficient and non-dangerous persons. Who are they? In 90 95% of all applicants, these applicants come from the neighbourhood. They are ethnic Hungarians and bilingual family members. 44 vi. The well-known principles of naturalisation (such as no one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his nationality or his right to change nationality, respecting the freedom of the individual, unity of the family, and the reduction of cases of statelessness and protection of personal data) are systematically ensured in regulation as well. Conclusion The term nation has been interpreted and inserted into regulation as part of the cultural/ethnic/linguistic community, and its substance is not definable by law 45.ThisisthebasisofcontradictionsbetweenlawsandtheConstitution. On one side, Art.6 of the Constitution refers to the kin-state s re- 43 Maryellen Fullerton: Law of Return? In Fullerton-Sik-Tóth (eds.): Refugees and Migrants: Hungary at a Crossroads Yearbook of the Research Group on the International Migration. Budapest: Institute for Political Science of HAS, , and Tóth Judit: Egy amerikai kutató írásának margójára. [To the margin of an American reseracher s paper] In Sik Endre Tóth Judit (eds.): Migráció és politika. [Migration and Politics] Budapest: MTA Politikai Tudományok Intézete, Judit Tóth: Who are the Desirable Immigrants in Hungary under the Newly Adopted Laws? In Fullerton-Sik-Tóth (eds.), op. cit Judit Tóth: Diaspora in Legal Regulations: In Kiss, I. McGovern, C. (eds.): New Diasporas in Hungary, Russia and Ukraine: Legal Regulations and Current Politics.. Budapest: Open Society Institute/COLPI,
19 Principles and Practice of Nationality Law in Hungary 39 sponsibility for kin-minority living across the borders 46. However, the definition of membership in a minority or ethnic community is vague, and various preferential provisions legally discriminate others despite the fact that the state is party to dozens of international treaties. Furthermore, minorities living in Hungary form a distinct component of state power, in possession of subjective and collective rights according to the Constitution, although verification of their membership in the given ethnic or national entity cannot be defined in the same manner. Due to this logic, neither statistics on membership of minorities living in Hungary, nor hard data analysis of immigrants coming to and enjoying legal preferences 47 in Hungary are available. Historic traditions and the distinction between ethnic and civic nationhood are increasingly irrelevant for explaining legislative changes - said R. Bauböck 48. Despite a standard level of immigration, in the case of Hungary this visible irrelevance is taking a much longer time to disappear than in the EU 49. The recent and failed referendum (5 December 2005) on ex lege citizenship being granted to ethnic Hungarian minorities living in adjacent states provides clear evidence of this. 46 Kántor Majtényi Ieda Vizi Halász (eds.): The Hungarian Status Law: Nation Building and/or Minority Protection. Sapporo: Slavic Research Center, Hokkaido University, Judit Tóth: Diaspora Politics: Programs and Prospects. In Kiss, I. McGovern, C. (eds.), Tóth, Judit and Sik, Endre: Joining an EU identity. Integration of Hungary or the Hungarians? In Spohn, W. and Triandafyllidou, A. (eds.): Europeanisation, National Identities and Migration. Changes in Boundary Constructions between Western and Eastern Europe. Routledge Advances in Sociology. Routledge,
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PROCEDURE FOR APPLYING ONLINE FOR INDIAN CITIZENSHIP 1. Introduction to Indian Citizenship: The Constitution of India provides a single citizenship for the entire country. The Citizenship Act enacted by
AGREEMENT between the Russian Federation and the European Community on the facilitation of the issuance of visas to the citizens of the Russian Federation and the European Union THE PARTIES, THE RUSSIAN
Passportisation policy of Russia and new old concerns of the Baltics Ekaterina Zinchenko Abstract: The collapse of the USSR left millions of ethnic Russians outside of the borders of the Russian Federation.
IRELAND (updated on 13.09.2004) 1. Legislative provisions concerning nationality. a. Texts in force - Irish Nationality & Citizenship Act, 1956 (the principal Act) - Irish Nationality & Citizenship Act,
Photo Stamp of Embassy or Consulate Application for Schengen Visa This application form is free 1. Surname(s) (family name(s)) FOR EMBASSY / CONSULATE USE ONLY 2. Surname(s) at birth (earlier family name(s))
EMPLOYING A CROATIAN NATIONAL IN THE UK What is this leaflet about? This leaflet explains what employers need to do in order to legally employ a Croatian national from 1 July 2013. Issues covered include
1 Unofficial translation LAW OF UKRAINE on Refugees and Persons in need of Сomplementary orтemporary Protection in Ukraine This Law shall determine the procedure for regulation of social relations in the
TO ACQUIRE A THAI NATIONALITY According to the Thai Nationality Act (2535 B.E.), it has opened a possibility for a person, born of a father or a mother of Thai nationality, whether within or outside the
1 CITIZENSHIP REGULATIONS, 2001 (LI 1690). ARRANGEMENT OF REGULATIONS Regulation 1. Notification of citizenship of an adopted child 2. Oath of allegiance and adopted child 3. Application for citizenship
Pál Péter Tóth Hungarians in the World Due to our dispersion, it is difficult to give an exact answer to the question whether there is a country in the world where no Hungarians live. It is possible that
Foreign Ministry archives services of the European Union MEMBER STATES CZECH REPUBLIC 1. Full title of Ministry and of archives service Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Czech Republic. Archives of the
BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA REPUBLIKA SRPSKA Judicial and prosecutorial training center team INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION IN CRIMINAL MATTERS (Practical approach to certain issues which are not regulated by law
Council of the European Union Brussels, 13 November 2015 (OR. en) 12527/1/15 REV 1 LIMITE JAI 701 FRONT 202 COMIX 451 NOTE From: Presidency To: Working Party on Frontiers/Mixed Committee (EU-Iceland/Liechtenstein/Norway/Switzerland)
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Annex 1 Primary sources for international standards 1. The United Nations The 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights Article 20 1. Everyone has the right to freedom of peaceful assembly and association.
Convention for the Suppression of the Traffic in Persons and of the Exploitation of the Prostitution of Others Approved by General Assembly resolution 317 (IV) of 2 December 1949 Preamble Entry into force:
CONVENTION ON CERTAIN QUESTIONS RELATING TO THE CONFLICT OF NATIONALITY LAWS THE HAGUE - 12 APRIL 1930 CONSIDERING that it is of importance to settle by international agreement questions relating to the
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Studying and Working in Germany A brochure on the legal requirements of residence for third-country nationals Studying and Working in Germany A brochure on the legal requirements of residence for third-country
EVIDENCE LIST FOR GIVING NOTICE OF MARRIAGE OR CIVIL PARTNERSHIP This document provides a list of the evidence which has been prescribed in regulations to enable a person to give notice of their intention
Conseil UE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION Brussels, 25 February 2004 PUBLIC Interinstitutional File: 2002/0242 (CNS) DOCUMT PARTIALLY ACCESSIBLE TO THE PUBLIC 6681/04 LIMITE MIGR 10 OUTCOME OF PROCEEDINGS
EUROPEAN COMMISSION Proposal for a Brussels, 24.3.2010 COM(2010) 105 final 2010/0067 (CNS) C7-0315/10 COUNCIL REGULATION (EU) implementing enhanced cooperation in the area of the law applicable to divorce
91[/2012] Act as of 25 January 2012 on Private International Law The Parliament has passed this Act of the Czech Republic: Part One General Provisions 1 Subject Matter This Act stipulates, in relations
ROADMAP TOWARDS A VISA-FREE REGIME WITH TURKEY A. The Dialogue Within the broader dialogue and cooperation framework between the EU and its Member States and Turkey in Justice and Home Affairs matters,
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Translation Federal Law Gazette Volume 2004, Part I, No. 41, issued in Bonn on 5 August 2004 Act to Control and Restrict Immigration and to Regulate the Residence and Integration of EU Citizens and Foreigners
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GOLDEN VISA A quick residency guide for investors in real estate in Spain A quick residency guide for investors in real estate in Spain SPANISH GOLDEN VISAS This memo outlines the most relevant legal aspects
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EUROPEAN UNION THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMT THE COUNCIL Brussels, 7 February 2014 (OR. en) 2010/0210 (COD) PE-CONS 113/13 MIGR 125 SOC 922 CODEC 2518 LEGISLATIVE ACTS AND OTHER INSTRUMTS Subject: DIRECTIVE OF
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and Mahler.
Author: Geert van den Dungen<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>دومین دوره رقابت های بین المللی ورزش های زورخانه ای در حالی پیگیری شد که ورزشکاران ایران در بخش تیمی و مهارت های فردی بخش زورخانه و کشتی پهلوانی با کسب بیشترین امتیاز در جایگاه نخست قرار گرفتند. تیم آذربایجان در جایگاه دوم تیمی و تیم های عراق و افغانستان به طور مشترک در رده سوم تیمی ایستادند.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Every time I see parents hosing the family down with antibacterial wipes, I wince a little, because in their pursuit of a squeaky clean lifestyle, they’re also stripping off the beneficial bacteria that can help keep our guts and brains healthy and happy!
October 15-20, 2017
While it’s unlikely that I’ll be able to pry most people away from their antibacterial wipes anytime soon, one thing I do urge everyone to do is to go play in the dirt–as in, take up gardening! Be it a small box on a windowsill or a spacious garden patch, gardening is one of the simplest and most enjoyable ways I know to connect with those essential good bacteria to help improve the overall health of your body and brain.
So, gather up a few basic tools, and let’s get our hands dirty. Here are five reasons to encourage you to start digging:
1) Those “dirty” microbes may cut anxiety and boost brain function.
When you dig in the dirt, you’ll be also digging into mycobacterium vaccae, a soil-based organism that animal research has shown to play a positive role in gut and brain health, including lightening mood and anxiety. It may have similar positive effects in humans. My advice? Don’t stress out about the dirt—play in it!
2) It beats an hour on the treadmill!
Gardening is exercise that gets results, and beautiful ones at that, be they in the form of blooming flowers or fresh-off-the-vine produce. As you spend time in the garden, you’ll be working your muscles as you twist and turn, bend, lug, and tug. According to WebMD, you’ll also be burning plenty of calories along the way, at a rate of roughly 200 – 400 per hour.
3) You already know the farmer.
When you grow your own herbs and produce, you know the source and the story of your food. You know the type of soil you used—hopefully, clean and nutrient-rich—and how you treated the plants as they grew, with plenty of sunshine and without chemical pesticides. The food you grow is food you can feel great about eating, not only from a taste and nutritional standpoint, but also as a point of pride!
4) Gardening is a mind-body therapy.
When you’re tending and nurturing the earth, you’re (most likely) outdoors, enjoying the breeze, and feeling the cool soil in your hands, literally connecting with the ground, a therapeutic connection in and of itself. You’re taking in the sounds of chirping birds and the rustling trees, kind of like listening to a relaxation tape or video. And perhaps best of all, you’re getting a dose of health-boosting vitamin D, which is also wonderful for immunity, mood, and gut health! To learn more about the power of dirt, take a look at The Dirt Cure by Dr. Maya Shetreat-Klein.
5) Gardening makes good reading.
Another thing that makes gardening such a fabulous world to dig into—you can do it without knowing all that much, or you can go deep and study it forever, always learning about new techniques and interesting things to grow and enjoy. All that learning is good for your brain!
I like to think of myself as a student of the soil and another one of my favorite books is The Hidden Half of Nature by David Montgomery and Anne Bikle. It’s a wonderful summer read that will inspire you to get in touch with all your microbial friends deep in the dirt.
See you in the garden!
Join Kathie Madonna Swift along with Mark Hyman, MD, James Gordon, MD, Robynne K. Chutkan, MD, Cindy Geyer, MD, Catherine McConkie, Aviva Romm, MD, and Donald I. Abrams, MD for their program, Food as Medicine for Women’s Health from October 15-20, 2017 at 1440 Multiversity. (Physicians who would like to earn CMEs can register here.)<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Lo scorso 27 aprile il fondatore dello studio OMA, Rem Koolhaas, ha presentato ufficialmente all’ICA di londra il progetto sviluppato per la nuova sede del Garage Center for Contemporary Culture, la galleria d’arte situata a Mosca, fondata nel 2008 da Daria Zhukova all’interno di un ex deposito di autobus costruito nel 1927.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>به گزاش دنیای معدن، محمدرضا صباغیان در مراسم تودیع و معارفه مدیرعامل شرکت سنگ آهن مرکزی ایران-بافق گفت: در این شهرستان همه چیز متأثر از سنگ آهن است، ولی در کنار کار استخراج معدن، کار توسعه ای برای آن انجام نشده است.
وی افزود: معادن و صنایع برای انتقال آب یا باید مشارکت داشته باشند یا خود با همکاری و برنامه ریزی خطوط انتقال آب را به این شهرستان بیاورند.
صباغیان خاطرنشان کرد: باید در بحث آموزش، بیمارستان، فرودگاه، جاده سیروس آباد و دیگر مسائل و نیاز های این شهرستان، شرکت ها و معادن حضور داشته باشند و با برنامه این کار ها را پیش ببرند.
وی اظهارداشت: مطالباتی که مردم دارند مانند ادامه پیدا کردن واحد های تولیدی و صنعتی، تبدیل وضعیت همه کارگران و... همه بر اساس صورت جلسات و مستندات است.
نماینده مجلس شورای اسلامی گفت: جذب بر اساس شایستگی ها، اعلام عمومی جذب نیرو و توجه به شورای کارگری از درخواست هایی است که از مدیرعامل جدید داریم.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>绝缘衬底上硅片(SOI Wafer): 主要应用于MEMS和先进CMOS集成电路扩散制程。 SOI硅片SOI材料具有了体硅所无法比拟的优点：可以实现集成电路中器件的介质隔离，彻底消除了硅CMOS电路中的寄生闩锁效应；采用这种材料制成的集成电路还具有寄生电容小、集成密度高、速度快、工艺简单、短沟道效应小及特别适用于低压低功耗电路等优势。
SOI硅片有三层材料堆溅组成：顶层产品层(Device Layer)，中间绝缘层(BOX Layer) 以及底部衬底层(Handle Layer)。
SOI硅片通常都是独特规格，用于制造出不同的终端应用产品。新美光提供100mm, 150mm, 200mm等各类尺寸和不同规格的SOI硅片。
如需了解更多信息，敬请垂询新美光的销售代表！Contact US<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Uccise la madre e il cane, sconto di due anni in appello
Il 28enne di Recco è stato condannato a 12 anni e 2 mesi, riconosciuta la parziale infermità mentale
Ha ricevuto uno sconto di due anni nel processo di appello Luca Gervino, ragazzo di 28 anni che nel mese di gennaio del 2016 aveva ucciso la madre Patrizia Alvigini e il cane al termine di una lite nella loro casa di Recco.
In primo grado il giovane era stato condannato a 14 anni e 2 mesi, ora la pena scende a 12 anni e 2 mesi, riconosciuta ancora una volta la sua parziale infermità mentale, i giudici hanno anche confermato i tre anni in casa di cura già disposti in primo grado.
Il giovane, grande appassionato di arti marziali, aveva litigato con la madre e l'aveva colpita con un colpo di ju-jitsu prima di strangolarla e soffocarla e dopo aver ucciso anche il cane che, secondo lui, avrebbe potuto attirare l'attenzione abbaiando. Dopo l'omicidio aveva anche tentato di togliersi la vita senza successo e aveva chiamato lui stesso i carabinieri.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>fed'in piyasalara vereceği desteğin uzunca bir süre devam etmesini ve gerekli görürse başkaca imkanların da kullanılacağını söylediğini göz önüne alırsak piyasaların bir süre daha pozitif yönde ilerlemesini öngörebiliriz. Kaldı ki bu süreç içerisinde virüs için somut bir aşı da bulunabilirse tamamiyle bir ralli dönemine geçileceğini düşünüyoruz,
Ons altın için takip etmemiz gereken seiyeler 1950 ve devamında 1965 geliyor, olası düşüşlerde ise 1940 ve 1925 seviyelerini takip edebiliriz.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>For example, management and control
of production may be delegated to a man who is specialist in the
techniques, procedures, and methods of production. We ma designate
him “Production Manager'. So is the case with other branches of
management, i.e., personnel, finance, sales etc.
incharge of the finance department may be called financial manger,
finance controller, or director of finance who is responsible for the
procurement and proper utilisation of finance in the business and for
maintaining co-ordination between all other branches of management.
Importance of finance cannot be over-emphasised. It is,
indeed, the key to successful business operations. Without proper
administration of finance, no business enterprise can reach its full
potentials for growth and success. Money is a universal lubricant
which keeps the enterprise dynamic-develops product, keeps men and
machines at work, encourages management to make progress and creates
values. The importance of financial administration can be discussed
under the following heads:-
(i) success of
Promotion Depends on Financial Administration. One
of the most important reasons of failures of business promotions is a
defective financial plan. If the plan adopted fails to provide
sufficient capital to meet the requirement of fixed and fluctuating
capital an particularly, the latter, or it fails to assume the
obligations by the corporations without establishing earning power,
the business cannot be carried on successfully. Hence sound
financial plan is very necessary for the success of business
(ii) Smooth Running of an
Enterprise. Sound Financial
planning is necessary for the smooth running of an enterprise. Money
is to an enterprise, what oil is to an engine. As, Finance is
required at each stage f an enterprise, i.e., promotion,
incorporation, development, expansion and administration of
day-to-day working etc., proper administration of finance is very
necessary. Proper financial administration means the study, analysis
and evaluation of all financial problems to be faced by the
management and to take proper decision with reference to the present
circumstances in regard to the procurement and utilisation of funds.
(iii) Financial Administration Co-ordinates
Various Functional Activities. Financial
administration provides complete co-ordination between various
functional areas such as marketing, production etc. to achieve the
organisational goals. If financial management is defective, the
efficiency of all other departments can, in no way, be maintained.
For example, it is very necessary for the finance-department to
provide finance for the purchase of raw materials and meting the
other day-to-day expenses for the smooth running of the production
unit. If financial department fails in its obligations, the
Production and the sales will suffer and consequently, the income of
the concern and the rate of profit on investment will also suffer.
Thus Financial administration occupies a central place in the
business organisation which controls and co-ordinates all other
activities in the concern.
(iv) Focal Point of
Decision Making. Almost, every
decision in the business is take in the light of its profitability.
Financial administration provides scientific analysis of all facts
and figures through various financial tools, such as different
financial statements, budgets etc., which help in evaluating the
profitability of the plan in the given circumstances, so that a
proper decision can be taken to minimise the risk involved in the
(v) Determinant of Business Success.
It has been recognised, even in
India that the financial manger splay a very important role in the
success of business organisation by advising the top management the
solutions of the various financial problems as experts. They present
important facts and figures regarding financial position an the
performance of various functions of the company in a given period
before the top management in such a way so as to make it easier for
the top management to evaluate the progress of the company to amend
suitably the principles and policies of the company. The financial
manges assist the top management in its decision making process by
suggesting the best possible alternative out of the various
alternatives of the problem available. Hence, financial management
helps the management at different level in taking financial
(vi) Measure of Performance. The
performance of the firm can be measured by its financial results,
i.e, by its size of earnings Riskiness and profitability are two
major factors which jointly determine the value of the concern.
Financial decisions which increase risks will decrease the value of
the firm and on the to the hand, financial decisions which increase
the profitability will increase value of the firm. Risk an
profitability are two essential ingredients of a business concern.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Etkinliğinizin temel amacı çalışanların moralini artırmak olduğundan, her çalışanın etkin bir şekilde etkinliğe katıldığından emin olmalısınız. Eğlence ve oyunlara katılmaları için onları teşvik etmelisiniz.
Motivasyon çalışmaları önemlidir
Etkinliğiniz ancak çalışanlarınız görevlerinden 'gerçek bir mola' aldığında başarılı olur. Çalışanlarınız işlerinden memnun olduklarında başarılı olur. Bu nedenle, özellikle yürüttüğünüz etkinliğin herkesi meşgul tutacak kadar ilginç ve yenilikçi olduğundan emin olmalısınız. Ayrıca, çalışanlarınızı etkinliğin bir parçası olarak takdir etmelisiniz.
Çalışanlarınızın verimliliğini artırmak ve her yönden motive olmalarını istiyorsanız, iyi bir kurumsal etkinlik mükemmel bir çözüm olabilir.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>南勇是中国足球的最大罪人吗？为什么他要选择一个德国丙级队的体育经
发布时间：2021-04-04 09:39
足球
中国
罪人
为什么他要选择一个德国丙级队的经理？他当时脑子进粪了吗？
而放过范哈内亨和阿德里安塞。
为什么选择教练这一关系中国足球命运的大事交给这样一个根本不懂足球的人来处理？
在中国足球没有罪人这个名词。体制决定一切，在官僚体制中换成谁也都是这样，无所谓了，一切由领导拍了脑袋算，没有决议，没有群众意见的余地，再换个人负责说不定还要选个德丁的什么经理~~~
足球啊，足球，为什么到了中国你就如此多灾多难？
相关问答：<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Önemli gerçekler
- Sepsis, vücudun bir enfeksiyona verdiği yanıtın kendi doku ve organlarında hasara yol açması sonucu gelişir ve ölüme veya ciddi bozulmalara yol açabilir.
- Sepsisin küresel epidemiyolojik yükü tam olarak tahmin edilememektedir. Her yıl 30 milyondan fazla insanda geliştiği ve muhtemelen 6 milyon insanı öldürdüğü tahmin edilmektedir(1). Sepsis sorunu muhtemelen düşük ve orta gelirli ülkelerde en yaygın olanıdır.
- Her yıl tahminen 3 milyon yenidoğan ve 1,2 milyon çocuk sepsisten muzdariptir (2). Yenidoğan sepsisine bağlı on ölümden üçünün ilaca dirençli patojenlerden kaynaklandığından şüpheleniliyor.
- Gebelik ve doğuma bağlı on ölümden biri anne sepsisinden kaynaklanmaktadır ve anne sepsis ölümlerinin %95’i düşük ve orta gelirli ülkelerde meydana gelmektedir (4). Her yıl bir milyon yeni doğan, başta maternal sepsis olmak üzere maternal enfeksiyonlar nedeniyle ölmektedir (5).
- Sepsis, hem tıbbi kurumların dışında hem de içinde edinilen enfeksiyonların klinik bir tezahürü olabilir. Sağlık hizmetiyle ilişkili enfeksiyon, sağlık hizmetleri sırasında meydana gelen ve her yıl dünya çapında milyonlarca hastayı etkileyen, en yaygın olmasa da en yaygın yan etki türlerinden biridir (6). Bu enfeksiyonlar genellikle antibiyotiklere dirençli olduklarından hızlı klinik kötüleşmeye neden olabilirler.
Genel bilgi
Sepsis, vücudun enfeksiyona verdiği yanıtın düzensizliği sonucu oluşan, hayatı tehdit eden bir organ fonksiyon bozukluğudur (7). Sepsis erken fark edilmez ve hemen tedavi edilmezse septik şoka, çoklu organ yetmezliğine ve ölüme neden olabilir. Sepsis herhangi bir enfeksiyöz patojenden kaynaklanabilir. Antimikrobiyal direnç, tedaviye klinik yanıtın olmamasında ve sepsis ve septik şokun hızla gelişmesinde önde gelen bir faktördür. İlaca dirençli patojenlerin neden olduğu sepsis hastalarında hastane mortalitesi riski yüksektir.
Kimler risk altındadır?
Enfeksiyonu olan herkes sepsis geliştirebilir, ancak yaşlılar, hamile kadınlar, yeni doğanlar, hastanede yatan hastalar ve HIV/AIDS, siroz, kanser, böbrek hastalığı, otoimmün hastalığı ve dalak çıkarılmış kişiler gibi savunmasız popülasyonlar yüksek risk altındadır . 8) .
Belirti ve bulgular
Sepsis acil bir durumdur. Ancak sepsis gibi klinik bir duruma birçok patojen neden olabileceğinden ve farklı aşamalarda karakterini değiştirebildiğinden, hastalarda sepsisin belirti ve belirtileri zaman içinde farklı noktalarda farklı olabilir. Uyarı işaretleri ve belirtileri arasında vücut ısısında artış veya düşüş ve titreme, zihinsel durum değişikliği, kısalık/hızlı nefes alma, hızlı kalp atışı, yavaş nabız/düşük kan basıncı, oligüri, deride mavi veya ebru, ekstremitelerde soğukluk ve şiddetli ağrı veya vücutta r
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shown; so you need to practise them to improve your movements.
Written by: healthplus24.com team
Date last updated: August 08, 2014<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>BLOCKCHAIN AND CRYPTOCURRENCY
This course introduces the learner to the concept of Blockchain and describes how its rapid development has revolutionised the way that data can be stored without the need for a central authority. It explains in simple terms how Blockchain operates and provides a range of examples of its potential use throughout the business world.
How Blockchain works
Program Learning Outcomes & Contents
Whether you are looking to enhance your skills, our online learning pathways can provide you with all you need. We have partnered with the Online Business School (OBS-UK) to bring to you this Introduction to Blockchain and Cryptocurrency online course.
Introduction to Blockchain and Terminology
Future of Blockchain
Online Learning Platform
One to One Tutorials
100 Hours of Study
Certificate of Completion<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Alessandro Russo è un giocatore di calcio, di ruolo portiere, che nella stagione 2020/2021 milita nel Virtus Entella. Il suo numero di gioco in questa stagione è il 68.
AlessandroRusso è nato il 31/03/2001 e l'Italia è la sua nazione di origine. Alessandro Russo è alto 190 cm, ha un peso medio di Unknown kg.
In questa stagione ha disputato nel campionato Serie B 7 partite e ha subito 10 gol. Dal punto di vista disciplinare ha ricevuto 1 cartellino giallo e 0 cartellini rossi.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>How did the Islamic world spur and influence the development of the Renaissance?
Arab scholars preserved and built on classical science and mathematics, which they conveyed to Europe through trade.
The Crusades inspired a western European interest in Islamic traditions, which included classical art and literature.
Repeated conflict with Islamic forces pushed Europeans to develop medicine and technologies for battlefield use.
Islamic art was the inspiration for much of the portraiture of the early Italian Renaissance.
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Which of the following represents a contrast between the ideas of Ulrich Zwingli and John Calvin?
Zwingli believed in the creation of a Christian state, while Calvin thought church and state should be separate.
Zwingli believed in the sale of indulgences, while Calvin thought the sale of indulgences was wrong.
Calvin believed in the creation of a Christian state, while Zwingli thought church and state should be separate.
Calvin believed in the sale of indulgences, while Zwingli though the sale of indulgences was wrong.
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Read the following excerpt from John Calvin's Institutes of the Christian Religion. Then answer the following question:
The covenant of life is not preached equally to all, and among those to whom it is preached, does not always meet with the same reception. This diversity displays the unsearchable depth of the divine judgment, and is without doubt subordinate to God's purpose of eternal election. But if it is plainly owing to the mere pleasure of God that salvation is spontaneously offered to some, while others have no access to it…—Public Domain
In this passage, John Calvin presents which of the following ideas?
salvation through good works
the creation of an ideal state<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>مخازن ذخیره سازی آب آشامیدنی و مواد شیمیایی صنعتی برای ذخیره کود ، پروپان ، گاز طبیعی مایع ، فرآورده های نفتی (بنزین ، دیزل) ، نفت خام و سایر مواد شیمیایی بکار می روند. مخازن ذخیره سازی مواد شیمیایی صنعتی در اشکال و اندازه های مختلف موجود است. این مخازن ذخیره سازی برای مخلوط کردن ، پردازش ، ذخیره سازی استاتیک و حمل و نقل محصولات شیمیایی نهایی و همچنین مواد اولیه مورد استفاده قرار می گیرد. سه مخزن ذخیره شیمیایی صنعتی وجود دارد
- مخازن از جنس استیل ضد زنگ
- مخازن پلی اتیلن ،
- مخازن فایبرگلاس (FRP)
مخازن ذخیره سازی از جنس استیل ضد زنگ موثر و با دوام است. با این حال ، مخازن گالوانیزه برای بسیاری از اسیدها مناسب نیستند و همچنین گران ترین گزینه هستند. مخازن فایبرگلاس برای برخی از کاربردها مناسب است. با این حال ، آنها دارای درزهایی هستند که ممکن است نشت کند ، به نگهداری بیشتری نیاز داشته باشد ، بیشتر در معرض خطای انسانی به دلیل ساخت آنها ، و در معرض برخی از مواد شیمیایی مانند هیدروفلوئوروسیلیک اسید قرار دارند - ماده ای شیمیایی که باعث سیاه شدن شیشه (اجزای ساختاری FRP) می شود.
مخازن ذخیره سازی پلی اتیلن به صورت متقابل و همچنین پلی اتیلن خطی وارد می شوند و متنوع ترین مخازن ذخیره سازی صنعتی را در بازار ایجاد می کنند. مواد شیمیایی را برای ذخیره سازی در نظر بگیرید، هنگام برنامه ریزی یک واحد مخزن ذخیره سازی شیمیایی صنعتی ، مهمترین عاملی که ابتدا باید در نظر بگیرید ماده شیمیایی موجود در آن است.
اشتباه است که گمان کنید یک مخزن ذخیره آب بتواند ماده شیمیایی را نیز در خود نگه دارد. در حالی که یک مخزن ذخیره سازی آب ممکن است مدتی ماده شیمیایی را در خود نگه دارد ، به یاد داشته باشید که مخزن پلی اتیلن به طور ویژه برای ذخیره مواد شیمیایی طراحی نشده است. عوامل مختلفی ممکن است مخزن را تخریب کرده و باعث نشت و منجر به خطرات دیگر شود.
خوشبختانه مخازن ذخیره سازی صنعتی پلی اتیلن می تواند هر نوع ماده شیمیایی را که می خواهید انبار کنید. مخازن ذخیره سازی مواد شیمیایی پلی اتیلن مقرون به صرفه ، محکم و قوی هستند. مخازن ذخیره سازی پلی اتیلن در قالب ساخته می شوند که احتمال خطای انسانی را رد می کند. علاوه بر این ، این مخازن در نوع های مختلفی وجود دارند که به محافظت از محیط ذخیره سازی ، مواد شیمیایی و کارمندان شما کمک می کنند.
انواع اصلی مواد پلی اتیلن مورد استفاده در مخازن ذخیره سازی مواد شیمیایی عبارتند از:
- پلی اتیلن خطی
- پلی اتیلن متقابل (XLPE)
مخازن پیازی کروی گزینه مناسبی برای ذخیره سریع آب در مواقع اضطراری است. این تانک ها دارای اتصالات آسان برای دسترسی هستند. علاوه بر این ، این مخازن قابل حمل هستند و همچنین در عرض چند دقیقه قابل تنظیم هستند.
مخازن بالشتی قابل جمع شدن - که به مخازن مخروط ، مثانه یا بالش نیز گفته می شود - یک راه حل موقتی است که قابل استفاده مجدد برای ذخیره سازی است. البته تانک پلی اتیلن هم گاهی میتواند این خصوصیات را داشته باشد.
مخازن پلی نیز کاربردهای داخلی دارند. آنها برای کاربردهای مختلف از جمله جمع آوری آب باران و ذخیره آب آشامیدنی مورد استفاده قرار می گیرند. مخازن پلی در انواع مختلفی وجود دارد که شامل مخازن فاضلاب ، مخازن سیار ، بالای مخازن زمینی و موارد دیگر می باشد.
مخازن ذخیره سازی مایع فایبرگلاس با دوام هستند و همچنین به راحتی خوردگی یا زنگ زدگی پیدا نمیکنند. این مخازن از مقاومت زیادی در برابر دما برخوردار هستند. آنها دارای روکشهای مختلفی هستند که عملکرد بهینه را با نیازهای مختلف ذخیره سازی مایعات ارائه می دهند.
مخازن فولادی جوش داده شده یک راه حل قابل اعتماد برای ذخیره سازی در طولانی مدت است. آنها به اشکال و اندازه های مختلفی ارائه می شوند تا انواع مختلف مواد را در خود جای دهند. مخازن نگهدارنده مایع از جنس استیل ، همه کاره ، بادوام ، مقرون به صرفه بوده و از ماندگاری خوبی برخوردار است. آنها با استفاده از فولاد راه راه گالوانیزه ساخته می شوند. این مخازن در اندازه های مختلف نیز موجود هستند و همچنین می توانند برای رفع نیازهای خاص پروژه تنظیم شوند. مخازن فلزی راه راه برای جمع آوری آب باران ، آب های فرآیند صنعتی یا مهار آتش استفاده می شود.
وان و منبع آب پلی اتیلن ضد جلبک چندلایه
ذخیره آب برای اهداف داخلی ، مسکونی ، صنعتی و تجاری از اهمیت بسیاری برخوردار است. مخازن پلاستیکی ذخیره آب یکی از بهترین راه ها برای ذخیره سازی آب به طور معمول است. مخازن پلاستیکی سبک و بسیار بادوام هستند و در مقایسه با مخازن سیمانی و بتونی فضای کمتری اشغال می کنند. علاوه بر این ، مخازن پلاستیکی انعطاف پذیری بیشتری نسبت به مخازن ذخیره سازی معمولی دارند. چنین مزایایی مخازن آب پلاستیکی را به گزینه ای محبوب تبدیل کرده است.
موادی که برای ساخت مخازن پلاستیکی ذخیره آب استفاده می شود از جمله مخازن آب پلاستیکی با مواد مختلفی مانند پلی اتیلن با چگالی کم ، مواد شیشه ای فایبر یا پلی پروپیلن ساخته می شوند.
مخازن ذخیره سازی پلاستیکی کاربردهای فراوانی در فرآوری مواد غذایی ، ظروف فاضلاب ، ساخت مواد شیمیایی ، دریچه های کورکننده در کشاورزی و آبیاری هستند. مخازن پلاستیکی بر اساس نوع مایعی که قرار است نگهداری کنند ساخته می شوند. ظرفیت ذخیره سازی این مخازن بین 1.5 تا 1.9 وزن مخصوص است. پلاستیک مورد استفاده در مخزن ذخیره سازی معمولاً باعث می شود سطح مایع به راحتی قابل مشاهده باشد.
مخازن نگهدارنده پلاستیک به طور گسترده ای برای ذخیره مایعاتی استفاده می شود که شامل آب نمک ، ، روغن نباتی ، صابون ، مواد تمیز کننده ، مواد شیمیایی صنعتی ، مواد شیمیایی کشاورزی و مزرعه ، مایع اگزوز دیزل (DEF) ، کودهای مایع ، آب آشامیدنی و آب غیر قابل شرب است.
مخازن پلاستیکی ذخیره آب با توجه به نوع پلیمر ، نوع پلاستیک ، اندازه ، شکل و کاربرد در انواع مختلفی قابل طبقه بندی هستند. بعضی خصوصیات مخزن پلاستیکی مایعات:
- بر اساس نوع پلیمر ، مخازن پلاستیکی را می توان اینگونه طبقه بندی کرد - پلی اتیلن ، فایبرگلاس و سایر مواد.
- بر اساس نوع پلاستیک استفاده شده برای ساخت آنها میتوان به پلاستیک نو و پلاستیک بازیافت شده آنها را تقسیم کرد.
- مطابق شکل ، مخازن پلاستیکی ذخیره آب می توانند به شکل های مستطیل ، استوانه ای و ... تقسیم شوند.
- براساس اندازه ، این مخازن را می توان در سایز های - بزرگ (بیشتر از 5000 لیتر) ، متوسط (از 1000 لیتر تا 5000 لیتر) و کوچک (کمتر از 1000 لیتر) طبقه بندی کرد.
- بر اساس کاربرد ، این مخازن ذخیره سازی می توانند به - صنعتی ، شهری ، مسکونی و تجاری تقسیم شوند.
مخازن ذخیره آب و مایعات برای ذخیره انواع مایعات مانند نفت سفید ، جت A ، دیزل ، بنزین ، روغن دور ریختنی و برای دفن زیرزمینی و کاربردهای تحت فشار استفاده می شود. مخازن ذخیره سازی مایع در انواع مختلفی قرار می گیرند که هر نوع کاربردهای خاص خود را دارد. مخازن استوانه ای با ابعاد متوسط معمولاً با پلیمرهای بازیافتی ساخته می شوند که از جنس پلی اتیلن هستند.
این اطلاعات ایده مختصری در مورد انواع مختلف مخازن ذخیره سازی صنعتی به شما می دهد. مخازن صنعتی کاربردهای گسترده ای دارند. اما ، صاحبان مخازن و کاربران صنعتی باید از اقدامات لازم برای نگهداری مخازن در شرایط امن و مطمئن اطمینان حاصل کنند.
مخزن تک پوست یک لایه دارد و مخزن دوتایی دارای دو لایه پلاستیک یا استیل است. مخازن دوپوسته ای نیز به عنوان مخازن دو جداره شناخته می شوند. این نوع مخزن ذخیره روغن صنعتی قبلاً مورد استفاده قرار می گرفت. اکنون به دلیل اتلاف ناشی از تبخیر و همچنین خطر آتش گرفتن روغن ، استفاده از آن محدود است.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>بهروز نعمتی با اشاره به پیگیریهای صورت گرفته درباره بازداشتیهای اعتراضات اخیر و برگزاری جلساتی در این زمینه گفت: بازداشتی ها سه گروه هستند. یک گروه عاملین اصلی و آمرین که طراحی اعتراضات و آتش زدن اماکن عمومی را بر عهده داشتند و اقدام به ساختارشکنی کردند. این افراد کمتر از صد نفر هستند و طبق خواسته مردم، قوه قضائیه و نهادهای امنیتی باید شدیدا با آنها برخورد شود.
به گزارش ایسنا، وی افزود: گروه دوم تحت تاثیر قرار گرفتند و از روی غفلت و احساسات در این اعتراضات حضور داشتند که جمعیت آنها هفت هشت برابر نیروهای اولیه است که این افراد ظرف امروز و فردا با وثیقه یا تعهدنامه آزاد می شوند. گروه سوم کسانی هستند که اعتراضاتی در مورد مسائل معیشتی و اقتصادی و موضوعات مختلف داشتند. تعداد اینها هم به اندازه گروه دوم است تقریبا همه این افراد تا دیروز بعد از ظهر آزاد شده و تعیین تکلیف شدند.
سخنگوی هیات رئیسه مجلس با بیان اینکه رقم کل بازداشتیها در اعتراضات اخیر بین ۲۷۰۰ تا ۳۲۰۰ نفر بوده است، اظهار کرد: با توجه به اینکه برخی از آنها در دو ضابط پاسخگو بودند، آمارشان از سوی هر دو نهاد ارائه شده است.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>In 1995, delegates to the American Nurses Association (ANA) convention stated once again that a baccalaureate degree should be the minimum requirement for registered nurse licensure. Originally proposed by the ANA in 1965, nurse leaders and educators in the United States have not mandated one entry level, a baccalaureate degree, for entry to professional nursing practice. Yet nurses in the U.S. are not alone in encountering impediments, as their system of education moves from Nightingale-inspired, hospital-based diploma programs to university-based degrees. Appreciation of recent international developments in nursing education may provide generalized collégial support for timely educational reform within the United States and facilitate global understanding among nurses. This paper summarizes the history and current status of nursing education in four English-speaking countries: Australia, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, and the United States of America. Because of differences in nomenclature among the four countries, care has been taken to define institutions and educational programs. Furthermore, to facilitate a broad assessment of nursing education in each country, a summary of the principal academic sites and duration of the programs is provided (Table).
AUSTRALIAN NURSING EDUCATION
The Nightingale model of nurse training was introduced into Australia in 1868 by Lucy Osburn, a Nightingale trainee, at what was then the Sydney Infirmary. Initially, the Australian Trained Nurses Association and the Victorian Trained Nurses Association controlled nurse training. Members of these organizations were very successful in standardizing and improving nurse training programs and introduced a register of trained nurses. During the 1920s and 1930s, statutory authorities were introduced to control nurse training throughout Australia (Russell, 1990). The functions of these statutory authorities included supervising nurse training and accrediting hospital-based nurse training schools. These authorities also maintained a register of trained nurses and conducted state-wide registration examinations.
Principal Academic Venue and Length of Prereglstration Nursing Programs
Until the 1960s, this pattern of nurse training, subject to government control and regulation, continued across Australia (Russell, 1990). In addition, a variety of specialist preregistration nursing courses were developed. For example, during the 1960s in New South Wales there were six areas in which registration as a separate certificate or license to practice was approved by the Nurses' Registration Board: general, psychiatric, geriatric, mental retardation, midwifery, and mothercraft nursing. Similar patterns developed in all other states although the states differed in the areas they approved for registration. However, the general nursing course still provided the basis for other post-basic specialist training and was available in all states.
In the 1960s and 1970s, the nursing profession in Australia passed through a period of industrial and professional turmoil leading to many significant changes. This turmoil is well demonstrated by the plethora of expert committees and workshops that were established, both by the government and the profession itself, to investigate various aspects of nursing. All these reports contained many, and often conflicting, recommendations on how the ills besetting the nursing profession and its educational preparation could be remedied. The reports were widely circulated and discussed both inside and outside the nursing profession.
It was during this period that the appropriate venue for nurse education began to be seriously reconsidered. Arguments were being advanced to retain the current hospital-based apprenticeship system, or to transfer this education into colleges of advanced education either totally
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ının kurtarılmasıyla birlikte Noel coşkuyla kutlanır. Claus Ailesi, başlarına gelen zorlukları aşmanın gururunu yaşar. Aynı zamanda Noel'in anlamını ve dayanışmanın önemini yeniden keşfederler.
"The Claus Family," izleyicilere eğlenceli ve sıcak bir aile filmi deneyimi sunar. Aksiyon, macera, ve komedi unsurlarını birleştirerek, Noel temasını modern bir bakış açısıyla ele alır. Jules ve Noor'un kardeşlik ilişkisi, aile bağları ve sorumluluk temaları, filmi daha da duygusal hale getirir. Belgesel, izleyicilere Noel'in ruhunu ve aile işbirliğinin gücünü hatırlatırken, aynı zamanda büyük bir macera ve heyecan sunar.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>If a man with a gun goes to shoot baboons near the edge of a forest, the baboons will see him coming, hide in the forest and not come out until he is seen to go away.
If the first man hides and a second man with a gun joins him, and then one of them walks away, the baboons will stay hidden and not come out of the forest. They know that there is still a man hiding with a gun .
The same is true if two, three, four or possibly five men join the first man and the same, or a smaller, number of men go away. The baboons stay hidden, they know that at least one man is still hiding.
However if six men with guns join the first one and then six of them ostentatiously walk away, after a while the baboons will come out of the forest and can be shot by the man they have failed to accounted for.
When a second man joins the first man and then one of them walks away, the baboons can calculate that one man remains hidden, they can subtract 1 from 2 and get the right answer that there is 1 left.
The baboons can also get the right answer with 1 plus (2, 3, 4 and possibly 5) minus (2, 3, 4 or 5 respectively).
It is therefore thought that baboons can do small number arithmetic with numbers up to about six, so have a number system something like none, one, two, three, four, five, six and many (more than six).
But when six men join the first man and then six men walk away the baboon’s number system lets them down. This is because one plus six results in many, and many minus many gives none, the wrong answer. So it seems to the baboons that all the hunters have gone away and it is safe to come out of the forest.
Small Number Arithmetic
The diagram below illustrates the problem with small number arithmetic, using a slightly more restricted number system consisting of none, one, two, three and many (more than 3).
The system works well for addition, exhibiting closure (each operation results in a unambiguous instance of the number system itself). So one plus two gives three, two plus three gives many and many plus many gives many etc.
As baboons can apparently find out to their cost, problems arise with subtraction. Subtracting anything except none (one, two, three or many) from many is always problematic. In particular taking many from many seems most likely to result in none but in reality could also result in one, two, three or many depending on the unknowable “real” values of many.
It seems that the baboons are applying the simple rule “same minus same always results in none”. So one minus one, two minus two, three minus three and many minus many all give a result of none.
There is no evidence of anyone hunting baboons like this. The story was probably just made up to illustrate the limitations of languages that do not have words or a number system that can represent all numerosities.
There are human languages that use small number arithmetic and have a word like many to represent large numerosoties. (Butterworth et al., 2008) Isolated hunter gatherer cultures seem to have little need for an elaborate number system in their languages but tend to acquire them quite quickly upon contact and trade with the outside world.
The story also suggests an experimental technique for establishing the upper numerosity discrimination limits of animals and pre-verbal children, using an ‘expectancy violation technique’. See What Counts and Otto Koehler.
The problem caused by a lack of necessary number words is superficially similar to the apparent order in which languages “acquire” colour words. Some languages only have two colour words, cold and warm, corresponding to monochrome, black and white. Others have black and white plus red. Yet others add yellow then green or green then yellow, then blue, brown and finally purple, pink, orange or grey. (Berlin and Kay, 1969)
The diagram above works from left to right (following the arrows and plus signs). If a language has a particular colour word then it will also have all the colour words to the left of that word. So if a language has a word for blue, then it will also have words for yellow, green, red, black and white. The diagram also indicates that if a language has a word for say pink, then it may, or may not, have a word for purple, but it will have colour words for brown, blue etc.
The colour words in a language provide foci, or prototypes, for the colour experience but say nothing about the boundaries between these colour foci.
This sequence corresponds fairly closely to the order in which children acquire colour words and is therefore a cultural example of the discredited evolutionary theory of recapitulation. This is summarised in Ernst Haekel’s phrase “ontogeny recapitulates phylogeny”, suggesting that as embryos develop into adults, they go through stages that resemble the evolution of their species.
Thanks again to my brother-in-law Tony Payne who told me the baboon story, although he cannot remember where he first heard it. See also Beau Geste Hypothesis and Cafetières, Disorder, Chaos and Anarchy
Berlin, B. and Kay, P. (1969) Basic Color Terms: Their Universality and Evolution. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Butterworth, B., Reeve, R., Reynolds, F., & Lloyd, D. (2008). Numerical thought with and without words: Evidence from indigenous Australian children. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA, 105, 13179-13184.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>۱۶۱ روستا تا تابستان ۱۴۰۰ از منابع آب پایدار برخوردار می شوند
به گزارش خبرگزاری مهر، امین قصمی در تشریح وضعیت آبی روستاهای تنش دار استان، اظهار داشت: از مجموع یک هزار و ۱۷۵ روستای تحت پوشش آبفا، تعداد ۳۸۵ روستا با جمعیتی بالغ بر ۳۳۰ هزار نفر با تنش آبی روبرو هستند. همچنین آبرسانی به ۹۱ روستا با نیاز آبی معادل ۸ هزار و ۷۰۰ متر مکعب در ماه، به صورت سیار انجام می شود.
وی با اشاره به برنامه های شرکت آب و فاضلاب هرمزگان برای رفع تنش آبی و ایجاد منابع آب پایدار در روستاها، افزود: در حال حاضر پروژه هایی شامل ۱۰ سایت آب شیرین کن به ظرفیت ۲۰ هزار متر مکعب در شبانه روز برای تامین آب یکصد روستا در مناطق مختلف استان در دست اجرا داریم که با تکمیل این پروژه ها جمعیتی بالغ بر ۷۵ هزار نفر از منابع آب پایدار بهره مند می شوند.
بهره مندی ۱۰۷ روستا از آب شرب پایدار در سال ۹۹
قصمی همچنین از اجرای ۹۹ پروژه آبرسانی به روستاهای استان خبر داد و گفت: با بهره برداری از این پروژه ها تعداد ۱۰۷ روستا با جمعیتی بالغ بر ۹۸ هزار نفر از طرح آب شرب پایدار بهره مند خواهند شد.
وی افزود: در حال حاضر بیشترین تنش آبی را در روستاهای مرکز و شرق استان داریم که در این راستا تکمیل تعداد ۲۳ مجتمع آبرسانی شامل ۵۶۷ روستا از محل اعتبارات ملی و استانی در شهرستان های بندرعباس، میناب، بشاگرد، جاسک، رودان، حاجی آباد، قشم، بندرلنگه، بندرخمیر و بستک در دست اجراست.
وی افزود: اعتبار هزینه شده برای تکمیل این مجتمع های روستایی سه هزار و ۶۰۵ میلیارد ریال و اعتبار مورد نیاز این پروژه نیزهشت هزار و ۲۴۵ میلیارد ریال است.
قصمی گفت: با توجه به اولویت بهبود آبرسانی به روستاها در طرح یکپارچه سازی شرکت های آب و فاضلاب، در همین رابطه تاکنون حجم عملیاتی ۱۹ پروژه تک روستایی در مناطق مختلف استان با اعتبار ۶۴ هزار و ۹۴۴ میلیون ریال در سال مالی ۹۷ و ۹۸ اجرا شده است.
وی افزود: این پروژه ها شامل احداث ۲۶ مخزن ذخیره آب، ۴ ایستگاه پمپاژ، ۱۱۴.۷ متر خط انتقال و ۱۰۵.۳ متر شبکه توزیع است که با اجرای این پروژه ها، ۱۹ روستا از طرح ارتقاء آبرسانی به روستاها بهره مند شدند.
قصمی اظهار داشت: همچنین در سالا ۹۸، تعداد ۴ مجتمع روستایی شامل کشار، کرتی و گابریک کمبکی، سرچاهان و شهدادی، شهسوار و جانشینی با جمعیت ۷ هزار و ۹۲۰ نفر در شهرستان های بندرخمیر، جاسک، حاجی آباد و میناب از طرح ارتقاء آبرسانی به روستاها بهره مند شدند. همچنین اعتبار هزینه شده برای تکمیل عملیات اجرایی این مجتمع های روستایی ۵۴۲ هزار و ۸۳۰ میلیون ریال بوده است.
مدیرعامل آبفا استان در ادامه به برنامه های رفع تنش آبی درسال جاری و شش ماه های اول سال ۱۴۰۰ اشاره کرد و گفت: در سال ۹۹ تکمیل و بهره برداری از پروژه های نیمه تمام (با پیشرفت فیزیکی بالا) را در دستور کار داریم و با تحقق این مهم، روند آبرسانی به ۴۷ روستا با جمعیتی بیش از ۲۹ هزار و ۴۴۶ نفر تا پایان سال جاری بهبود و ارتقاء می یابد.
وی افزود: با تکمیل پروژه های پیش بینی شده تا پایان تابستان سال ۱۴۰۰، تعداد ۱۶۱ روستا با جمعیتی بالغ بر ۳۸ هزار و ۳۲۳ نفر از آب شرب پایدار بهره مند خواهد شد.
به گزارش خبرگزاری مهر؛ پیش از این خبرگزاری مهر در دو گزارش از وضعیت تنش آبی در شرق هرمزگان خصوصاً روستاهای شهرستان های رودان و سیریک گزارش داده بود. همچنین حسین رئیسی نماینده مردم شرق هرمزگان در مجلس که فقط خبرگزاری مهر به آن پرداخت بود نسبت به نبود آب مناسب در سیریک گلایه کرد.
منبع:مهر<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Site History: From Sainte Marie de Gannentaha to the Skä•noñh – Great Law of Peace Center
In the mid seventeenth century, the French sent an expedition down from Canada to the shores of Onondaga Lake to establish a mission. This group of men included soldiers, workmen, and Jesuit priests. They built their fortified mission on the northeast shore of the lake and called it “Sainte Marie de Gannentaha.” However, the mission lasted less than two years before peace with the local indigenous group, the Haudenosaunee, became too tenuous and necessitated its abandonment.
A reproduction of the mission was built in 1933 as part of a massive public works program. In 1975, Onondaga County Parks and Recreation started a Living History program at the site. With growing popularity, locals dubbed it “The French Fort.” The facility was completely renovated in 1990 due to the efforts of different groups and individuals to make the site more historically accurate and to help better orient patrons in a brand new visitor center. In the renamed “Sainte Marie Among the Iroquois,” visitors could trace the route the French took to North America and learn what happened when they encountered the indigenous people, the Haudenosaunee. They then took a journey back in time to visit the re-created mission and learn about daily life in the seventeenth century with the help of costumed interpreters.
Unfortunately, just over ten years after this magnificent renovation, Sainte Marie Among the Iroquois began to suffer from budget cuts. It was on the verge of being closed when The Friends of Historic Onondaga Lake stepped in and offered to run the site with volunteers, which they did for almost a decade.
Today, the Skä•noñh – Great Law of Peace Center is a Haudenosaunee (Iroquois) Heritage Center focused on telling the story of the native peoples of central New York. The history is told through the lens of the Onondaga Nation and covers topics such as Creation, European Contact, The Great Law of Peace, and more. The Onondagas, or People of the Hills, are the keepers of the Central Fire and are the spiritual and political center of the Haudenosaune.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>نکته ای که همه بر روی آن توافق دارند، اولویت سلامت در دولت یازدهم است که به صورت محوری توجه درون و برون حوزه سلامت را به خود معطوف ساخته است. ولی سوالاتی پیش می آیند:
آیا بهترین گزنیه ها برای اقدام انتخاب شده اند؟
آیا اقدامات کلیدی و یا موثرتر دیگری نباید در فهرست مداخله های حوزه سلامت قرار می گرفتند؟
آیا این مداخله ها هزینه – اثر بخش بوده اند؟
آیا مداخله های انجام شده از طراحی و برنامه ریزی مناسبی برخوردار بوده و با کیفیت مطلوب اجرا شده اند؟
راه آینده چه باید باشد؟
برنامه های فعلی به چه تصحیحاتی نیاز دارند که در مدت باقیمانده از دولت یازدهم و در دولت های بعد باید پی گیری شوند؟
همایش نقد عملکرد دولت یازدهم در حوزه سلامت فرصت شایسته ای است تا ارزیابی های گفته شده در قالب گفتمان علمی و با استفاده از شواهد پژوهشی به عمل درآیند. برای موسسه ملی تحقیقات جمهوری اسلامی ایران که به همراه دانشگاه های علوم پزشکی کشور و دبیرخانه شورای سیاست گذاری برگزاری همایش را عهده دار است، فرصتی است مغتنم تا در این بین به وظیفه اصلی خود که "دیده بانی سلامت کشور" است پرداخته و به" گفتمان سیاستی مطلع از شواهد در سلامت" جامه ی عمل بپوشاند.
رجای واثق دارد تا با رویکرد علمی و روش شناسی معقول در این همایش، فرصت طرح مسایل به صورت منصفانه، علمی و سازنده امکان پذیر شود تا هدف غایی این مجموعه (که سلامت احاد جامعه می باشد) محقق گردد.
دکتر سید رضا مجدزاده
ریاست موسسه ملی تحقیقات سلامت<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>به گزارش مهر، حجتالاسلام مجتبی ذوالنور عصر جمعه در حاشیه افتتاح دفتر مجمع نمایندگان استان قم در بخش سلفچگان در جمع خبرنگاران، حادثه به وقوع پیوسته در سایت هستهای نطنز را دارای سناریوهای مختلفی دانست و اظهار داشت: سناریوهای مختلف در کمیسیون امنیت ملی مجلس بررسی شده و نهادهای امنیتی و اطلاعاتی نیز جلسهای در این زمینه برگزار کردند و عامل اصلی این حادثه تا حدودی مشخص شده است.
وی با بیان اینکه سناریوهای مختلف همچنان در حال بررسی است، افزود: در حال بررسی هستیم تا دچار اشتباه یا انحراف در علت اصلی وقوع حادثه نشویم.
رئیس کمیسیون امنیت ملی و سیاست خارجی مجلس شورای اسلامی بیان کرد: در زمینه قرارداد ۲۵ ساله ایران با کشور چین، وزیر امور خارجه روز یکشنبه در جلسه کمیسیون امنیت ملی حضور خواهد یافت و در زمینه این قرارداد و همچنین تلاش آمریکا برای انتقال پرونده ایران به شورای امنیت ملی پاسخ خواهد گفت.
وی با بیان اینکه قرارداد با کشور چین مورد بررسی قرار میگیرد، افزود: مجلس از این قرارداد هیچ اطلاعی ندارد و امضایی نیز صورت نگرفته است که علاوه بر بررسی در کمیسیون امنیت ملی، در صحن علنی مجلس نیز بررسی میشود.
رئیس کمیسیون امنیت ملی مجلس با بیان اینکه مجلس از قرارداد ۲۵ ساله ایران با کشور چین هیچ اطلاعی ندارد گفت: وزیر امور خارجه روز یکشنبه در جلسه کمیسیون امنیت ملی حضور خواهد یافت و در این زمینه پاسخ میدهد.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>روزنامه های کابل: سه شنبه، ۱۹ جوزا
روزنامه های چاپ امروز کابل بیشتر به موضوع بازپس گیری مناطق تحت کنترل طالبان، تامین امنیت در آستانه انتخابات و افزایش سربازان آمریکایی در افغانستان پرداخته اند.
آرمان ملی این پرسش را در سرمقاله خود مطرح کرده که نیروهای دولتی با آن که از پشتیبانی ارتش دهها کشور جهان برخوردارند، چرا توانایی بیرون کردن ۱۰ ولسوالی از کنترل شورشیان را ندارند.
روزنامه همچنین پرسیده که نیروهای خارجی با داشتن تجهیزات پیشرفته چرا قادر نیستند طالبانی را که اسلحه سیک و راکت انداز دارند، از صحنه کارزار بیرون کنند.
آرمان ملی در ادامه ابراز نگرانی کرده است که اگر نیروهای داخلی و خارجی نتوانند مناطق تحت کنترل طالبان را بازپس گیرند، برگزاری انتخابات با چالش رو برو خواهد شد.
روزنامه دولتی انیس هم ابراز نگرانی کرده است که اگر مناطق تحت کنترل طالبان از کنترل آنان خارج نشود، مشروعیت انتخابات زیر سوال خواهد رفت.
به نوشته این روزنامه دولتی، با آن که طالبان توانایی تشکیل حاکمیت مداوم در هیچ منطقه ای را ندارند، "دولت در برخی مناطق به دلیل ملاحظات سران قومی ترجیح داده است که اداره این مناطق به دوش مخالفان باشد."
انیس تاکید کرده است که نیروهای ناتو و افغان باید برای تامین امنیت این مناطق تلاش بیشتری به خرج دهند تا زمینه مشارکت مردم در انتخابات هموار شود و مشروعیت انتخابات زیر سوال نرود.
اراده با اشاره به ورود شماری دیگر از نیروهای تازه نفس آمریکایی در آستانه برگزاری انتخابات به افغانستان، نوشته که جابجایی آنها در مناطق ناآرام این کشور می تواند "راهکار موثر در کوتاه مدت" باشد.
به نظر روزنامه اما جابجایی این نیروها با توجه به کارکردهای هفت سال گذشته نیروهای خارجی در افغانستان برای درازمدت "تلفات سنگین غیرنظامی" را در پی خواهد داشت.
نویسنده هشدار داده است که اگر نیروهای خارجی در مبارزه با شورشیان از دقت بیشتر کار نگیرند، به میزان دردسرها و بحران موجود در کشور افزوده خواهد شد.
ماندگار در ستون اصلی خود به جستجوی این پرسش پرداخته که افزایش نیروهای خارجی در افغانستان تا چه ح
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60 cases (32 %), and the average volume of blood autotransfused was 345 ml. No differences were observed in the rates (58.3 % versus 48 %, p = 0.1883) or the mean volumes (770 versus 518 ml, p = 0.0537) of intra-operative and post-operative allogeneic blood transfusions between the Cell Saver and the non-Cell Saver groups. Total blood-related charges in the Cell Saver group were significantly higher than that in the non-Cell Saver group ($1,958 versus $694, p < 0.0001). Sub-analyses based on fracture pattern, injury severity score, body mass index, days to surgery, and estimated blood loss were performed. In each sub-analyses, no differences were observed in intra-operative and post-operative transfusion rates and volumes, and total blood-related charges were higher in the Cell Saver groups. The authors concluded that in the routine use of Cell Saver in acetabular surgery, there was no reduction in the volume or rate of allogeneic blood transfused intra-operatively or post-operatively. However, blood-related charges were significantly increased.
In a systematic review and meta-analysis of published randomized controlled trials, Wang et al (2009) examined the overall safety and effectiveness of cell salvage in cardiac surgery. Medline, Cochrane Library, Embase, and abstract databases were searched up to November 2008. All randomized trials comparing Cell Saver use and no Cell Saver use in cardiac surgery and reporting at least 1 pre-defined clinical outcome were included. The random effects model was used to calculate the odds ratios (OR, 95 % confidence intervals [CI]) and the weighted mean differences (WMD, 95 % CI) for dichotomous and continuous variables, respectively. A total of 31 randomized trials involving 2,282 patients were included in the meta-analysis. During cardiac surgery, the use of an intra-operative Cell Saver reduced the rate of exposure to any allogeneic blood product (OR 0.63, 95 % CI: 0.43 to 0.94, p = 0.02) and red blood cells (OR 0.60, 95 % CI: 0.39 to 0.92, p = 0.02) and decreased the mean volume of total allogeneic blood products transfused per patient (WMD -256 ml, 95 % CI: -416 to -95 ml, p = 0.002). There was no difference in hospital mortality (OR 0.65, 95 % CI: 0.25 to 1.68, p = 0.37), post-operative stroke or transient ischemia attack (OR 0.59, 95 % CI: 0.20 to 1.76, p = 0.34), atrial fibrillation (OR 0.92, 95 % CI: 0.69 to 1.23, p = 0.56), renal dysfunction (OR 0.86, 95 % CI: 0.41 to 1.80, p = 0.70), infection (OR 1.25, 95 % CI: 0.75 to 2.10, p = 0.39), patients requiring fresh frozen plasma (OR 1.16, 95 % CI: 0.82 to 1.66, p = 0.40), and patients requiring platelet transfusions (OR 0.90, 95 % CI: 0.63 to 1.28, p = 0.55) between Cell Saver and non-Cell Saver groups. The authors concluded that current evidence suggests that the use of a cell saver reduces exposure to allogeneic blood products or red blood cell transfusion for patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Sub-analyses suggest that a Cell Saver may be beneficial only when it is used for shed blood and/or residual blood or during the entire operative period. Processing cardiotomy suction blood with a Cell Saver only during cardiopulmonary bypass has no significant effect on blood conservation and increases fresh frozen plasma transfusion.
Savvidou et al (2009) examined the use of cell saver blood autotransfusion in spinal surgery and evaluated the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of cell saver blood autotransfusion during lumbar spine fusion in adults. A total of 50 consecutive candidates for postero-lateral fusion with internal fixation were prospectively randomized into either receiving peri-operatively cell saving autotransfusion (group A: 25 patients) or not (group B: 25 patients). The use of cell saving technique did not exclude the use of allogenic blood transfusion. Surgical indications were spinal stenosis, spondylolisthesis, adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, degenerative scoliosis and fractures. Medical and financial data were recorded. A cost-analysis was performed. Patients in group A received 880 +/- 216 ml from cell saver and 175 +/- 202 ml allogenic blood. The patients in group B received 908 +/- 244 ml allogenic blood. Blood volumes data collected were expressed in mean +/- SD values. The cost of blood transfusion in group A was 995 +/- 447 Euro per patient and 1,220 +/- 269 in group B (p < 0.05). The authors concluded that in elective lumbar fusion blood requirements can be satisfied with the use of autotransfusion. The use of cell saver appears to be useful and cost-effective during most elective lumbar fusions.
Bowen et al (2010) examined the effectiveness of intra-operative cell salvage systems in pediatric idiopathic scoliosis patients undergoing posterior spinal fusion with segmental spinal instrumentation. A total of 54 consecutive patients were studied: 21 non-cell saver and 33 cell saver patients. Data included age, body mass index, Cobb angle, peri-operative hemoglobin levels, mean arterial pressure, surgical time, levels fused, peri-operative estimated blood loss, and peri-operative transfusions. A Chi square and t- tests were performed for intra-operative and peri-operative allogeneic transfusion between groups. A regression analysis was performed between selected co-variates and allogeneic transfusion. Relative risk analysis examined significant co-variates regarding allogeneic transfusion rate. Allogeneic transfusion rates were lower in the cell saver group (6 % versus 55 % intra-operative and 18 % versus 55 % peri-operative, p < 0.05). Mean allogeneic transfusion volumes (ml/kg) were also lower (0.4 versus 9.1 intra-operative and 1.9 versus 11.1 peri-operative, p < 0.05). Multi-variate analysis confirmed these differences were independent of peri-operative blood loss, and also demonstrated that surgical time and blood loss were significantly related to allogeneic transfusion volume. The allogeneic transfusion relative risk was 2.04 in patients with surgery greater than 6 hours and 5.87 in patients not receiving cell saver blood. All patients with surgeries greater than 6 hours and estimated blood loss greater than 30 % of total blood volume received cell saver system blood. The authors concluded that cell saver use decreased allogeneic transfusion, particularly in surgeries greater than 6 hours with estimated blood loss greate than 30 % of total blood volume. This study confirmed the utility of routine cell saver use during posterior spinal fusion with segmental spinal instrumentation for idiopathic scoliosis.
Anderson and Panizza (2010) noted that endoscopic transnasal approaches to the skull base and intra-cranial disease are an emerging subspecialty. The limits of this approach are often dictated by exposure and blood loss. Cell salvage techniques are widely used in other surgical fields. However, in otolaryngology, questions remain regarding its safety because work is performed in a contaminated field. These researcehers presented the evidence for peri-operative cell saver blood transfusion in potentially contaminated fields and the need for further investigation of its use in endonasal surgery. Medline and evidence-based medicine reviews databases were searched for relevant articles. All English articles discussing autologous blood transfusion in endonasal surgery were reviewed. Despite a wide search pattern, no articles that discuss this topic were found in the English literature. Therefore, these investigators went on to present data on the general use of cell saver blood in contaminated fields. The authors concluded that cell saver blood is widely accepted in surgery. It offers many advantages in elective operations in which blood loss is expected to be significant. Cell saver blood has been transfused from contaminated fields in other forms of surgery without an associated increase in morbidity. There is good evidence that antibiotic prophylaxis is mandatory in this setting. There is no direct evidence that cell salvage blood is safe in endonasal surgery.
Reyes and colleagues (2011) examined if the use of cell saver (CS) systems reduce the need of blood products in low-risk patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Between February and June 2009, all low-risk patients (EuroSCORE less than 10 %) undergoing coronary or valve procedure were selected (n = 63). Exclusion criteria were: combined procedure, aorta procedure, redo surgery, emergency procedures, creatinine levels greater than 2 mg/ml, anemic patients and patients with a body surface area (BSA) less than 1.6 m2. Patients were randomized to undergo cardiac surgery with a CS system (group CS; n = 34) or without (control group [CO]; n = 29). All patients received tranexamic acid during the procedure. Need of blood products and clinical outcomes were analyzed in both groups. Mean age was 64.7+/- 12.3 years old with 33 % of female patients. Baseline clinical characteristics and pre-operative blood count cell were similar in both groups. Mean CS blood re-infused was 461 +/- 174 ml (maximum: 985; minimum: 259). A total of 59 red blood packages were transfused in 25 patients (mean of 1.02 +/- 1.3; range of 0 to 5). The proportion of patients being transfused was similar in both groups (CS: 40 % versus CO: 46.4 %; p = 0.79). Eleven plasma packages were transfused (CS: 8 versus CO: 3; p = 0.77) and 3 platelet pools were used in group CS and none in group CO (p = 0.08). Multi-variate analysis showed that pre-operative hemoglobin levels greater than 13.3 g/dL (relative risk [RR]: 0.29; CI: 0.09 to 0.99) and BSA greater than 1.74 (RR: 0.19; CI: 0.54 to 0.68) were protective against blood transfusion. The authors concluded that in low-risk patients CS system did not reduce the need of blood transfusion. Clinical outcomes were similar regardless of the use of a CS system. A low pre-operative hemoglobin level and a low BSA were related with the use of blood products.
The Society of Thoracic Surgeons and the Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists' updated clinical practice guideline on "Blood Conservtion" (Ferraris et al, 2011) noted that during cardiopulmonary bypass, intra-operative autotransfusion, either with blood directly from cardiotomy suction or recycled using centrifugation to concentrate red cells, may be considered as part of a blood conservation program.
Shantikumar et al (2011) noted that abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) repairs, both elective and rupture, are associated with significant blood loss often requiring transfusion. Cell-salvage autotransfusion has been developed to reduce the need for allogeneic blood. These investigators reviewed the literature to delineate the role of cell salvage in reducing allogeneic blood use in open AAA repairs. A systematic search of the English-language literature was performed using the PubMed, Embase and Cochrane databases up to August 2010. A total of 23 studies were identified. While some data are conflicting, cell salvage appears to reduce overall use and exposure to allogeneic blood, and reduces length of intensive care unit and hospital stay after elective AAA repairs. There may be additional benefit by combining cell salvage with other blood-conservation techniques. Use of cell salvage in ruptured AAA repairs consistently reduced blood-product requirements. The authors concluded that cell salvage appears to reduce blood-product use in both elective and rupture AAA repairs. Moreover, they stated that owing to the heterogeneity in methodology of published data, further study may be needed before cell salvage becomes standard practice in open AAA repairs.
Tavare and Parvizi (2011) examined if the use of intraoperative cell-salvage (ICS) leads to negative outcomes in patients undergoing elective abdominal aortic surgery. Altogether 305 papers were found using the reported search, of which 10 were judged to represent the best evidence to answer the clinical question. The authors, journal, date and country of publication, patient group studied, study type, relevant outcomes and results of these papers were tabulated. None of the 10 papers included in the analysis demonstrated that ICS use led to significantly higher incidence of cardiac or septic post-operative complications. Similarly, length of intensive treatment unit (ITU) or hospital stay and mortality in elective abdominal aortic surgery were not adversely affected. Indeed 2 trials actually show a significantly shorter hospital stay after ICS use, one a shorter ITU stay and another suggests lower rates of chest sepsis. Based on these papers, the authors concluded that the use of ICS does not cause increased morbidity or mortality when compared to standard practice of transfusion of allogenic blood, and may actually improve some clinical outcomes. As abdominal aortic surgery inevitably causes significant intra-operative blood loss, in the range of 661 to 3,755 ml as described in the papers detailed in this review, ICS is a useful and safe strategy to minimize use of allogenic blood.
Prieto et al (2013) stated that the role of a cell-saver device in the inflammatory response to cardiac surgery has not been well-documented. These investigators hypothesized that the use of a cell saver may reduce pro-inflammatory cytokine concentrations in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. A total of 57 patients presenting for first-time non-emergency cardiac surgery were prospectively randomized to control or cell salvage groups. Blood samples for inflammatory marker assays were collected from the arterial line on induction of anesthesia, at the end of cardiopulmonary bypass, 1 hour after surgery, and 24 hours after surgery. Plasma pro-inflammatory cytokines were analyzed using a sandwich solid-phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The highest cytokine levels were observed 1 hour after surgery. When comparing serum interleukin levels in both patient groups during the different peri-operative periods, these researchers found a higher interleukin-8 concentration 24 hours after the procedure, and higher concentrations of the p40 subunit of interleukin-12 at 1 hour and 24 hours post-operatively. The concentrations of interleukin-6 and p40 were greater in blood stored by the cardiotomy suction system than in blood processed by the cell saver (p = 0.01 in both cases). The interleukin-8 concentration was higher in the blood processed by the cell saver (p = 0.03). No significant differences were observed in interleukin-1 and interferon gamma levels in blood from both systems. Clinical outcomes were similar in both groups. The authors concluded that these findings suggested that cell salvage in low-risk patients undergoing their first elective cardiac procedure does not decrease the inflammatory response after surgery.
Mizuno et al (2011) noted that intra-operative, salvaged, autologous blood transfusions carried out with autotransfusion devices are commonly used for cardiovascular surgery, and also enable the treatment of massive hemorrhage in orthopedic and gynecologic surgeries to prevent potential complications of homologous blood transfusions, such as transmission of infection, immune reactions, and blood type incompatibility. Transfusion of salvaged blood in oncologic surgery may cause hematogenous metastasis and dissemination of malignant tumor cells. However, some investigators have reported that blood irradiation or filtration using leukocyte reduction filters can prevent contamination by malignant tumor cells. The authors concluded that intra-operative autotransfusion with the combination of blood irradiation and leukocyte reduction filters could be therefore a promising technique for the treatment of profuse hemorrhage in oncologic surgery.
In a meta-analysis, Waters et al (2012) examined the risk of intraoperative blood salvage (IBS) during cancer surgery. A literature search was performed including the search phrases "blood salvage", "intraoperative blood salvage", "cell salvage", "cell saver", "cell saving", "autotransfusion" and "autologous transfusion". Data extracted from suitable papers included the authors' names, publication year, cancer type, exclusion criteria, sample size, length of follow-up, and the mean patient age. The primary end-point of this meta-analysis was a comparison of the OR for cancer recurrence or the development of metastases. A total of 11 studies were included in the analysis. The pooled summary of the OR was 0.65 (95 % CI: 0.43 to 0.98; p = 0.0391) using a random-effects model. Measures of heterogeneity, Q-statistics (p = 0.1615) and I(2) (30.90 %), did not indicate a high degree of between-study variability. The authors concluded that while significant variability existed between studies, the findings of this meta-analysis suggested that outcomes after the use of IBS are not inferior to traditional intraoperative allogeneic transfusion. Moreover, they stated that an adequately powered prospective, randomized trial of IBS use is needed to ascertain its true risk during cancer surgery.
Gakhar et al (2013) noted that there is no scientific literature regarding the role of cell salvage and autologous transfusion in metastatic spinal cancer. In a pilot study, these investigators examined the role of cell salvage during metastatic spine surgery. A total of 16 spinal metastases patients who received red cell salvage using a leucocyte depletion filter (LDF) were enrolled in this study. Of these, 10 patients who received salvaged blood transfusion were included in the final analysis. Data collection involved looking at the case notes, operating room records and the prospectively updated metastatic spinal cancer database maintained in the spinal department. Cell salvage data was recovered from the central cell salvage database maintained in the anesthetic department. Amount of salvaged blood ranged from 120 to 600 ml (average of 318 ml). The average drop in hemoglobin was 1.65 units (range of 0.4 to 2.7 units). Three patients (30 %) required post-operative allogeneic blood transfusion. The average follow-up was 9.5 months. One patient developed new lung metastasis at 7 months. No patient developed new liver metastases. Pre-operatively, 6 patients had diffused skeletal metastases. Of this subgroup, 3 developed new skeletal metastases. No cases showed any wound-related problems in the post-operative period. The authors concluded that transfusion of intraoperatively salvaged blood did not result in disseminated metastatic cancer. They suggested that red cell salvage might have a role during metastatic spine surgery. The findings of this
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封制，郡县制取代封建诸侯分封制。这两项伟大的改革为秦带来了七国中最高的岁入和最强大的军队。在其鼎盛时期，秦军带甲百万。
郡县制能够有效统治一个基于土地私有制的大统一国家。统一后，秦将中国分成四十个郡（而非三十六个）；土地面积大致相当于除西藏和新疆以外的今日中国（见中国地图）。到了秦朝（公元前221–前206年），科层制的政府机构已经成熟。郡县制确立了中央集权在中国社会的永久地位。秦始皇之后的两千多年，主要的结构没有大的变化：土地私有制加上省县制，一个从中央到地方的政府机构管理和控制整个社会。
汉朝（公元前202-公元220年）极大巩固了中国的统一和延续。汉朝收入了新疆（见中国地图）。更重要的是，汉朝确立了统治其后两千年的官方意识形态，使中国先于欧洲两千年完成政教分离。世俗化和实践理性赋予中国的意识形态很大程度的灵活性，使中国比其他文明更容易地实现延续和统一。这个意识形态的核心是儒家。秦始皇死后，秦朝很快灭亡了。秦是中国历史上最短的朝代，只维持了十三年。秦是如此富裕和强大，秦的迅速灭亡遗留给汉代许多理论上和实践上的需要解决的问题。解决这些问题以后，汉持续了四百多年。汉朝统治方式的一大变化，就是废除百家，独尊儒术。
秦朝的意识形态是法家(Fu, 1996)。法家提倡法治，法律面前人人平等。法家的著名观点是“王子犯法与庶民同罪”。法家提倡土地私有制和郡县制，反对并摧毁了封建制。他们承认甚至提倡个人主义和追求个人利益。法家提倡公平，赏罚分明。是法家辅助秦统一了中国。法家的理论基础是“性恶论”，法治因为性恶而成为必需。法家尽管有效，但作为一个大国的官方意识形态，法家有些狭隘。汉朝统治阶级意识到，如果官方意识形态认为人性本恶，在此基础上要求人民互相帮助、互相爱护就十分困难。
儒家（Brooks and Brooks, 1998; Yao, 2000）则正相反，鼓吹尊卑有序，维护封建制度。儒家以“性善”为理论基础，核心是“仁”，特别是统治者要对被统治者有仁爱之心。它宣扬道德和教化，劳心者治劳力者，道之以德，齐之以礼，有耻且格，上行而下效之，就能国家昌盛，天下归一。儒家反对个人主义和追求个人利益。显然，在550年之久的春秋战国时期没人需要儒家学说。由于战争连绵，法家和军事战略家成为当然的权威。但是，在秦汉大一统之后，除了鼓吹封建制这个错误，儒家学说成为统治这个新国家的最佳官方意识形态。
尽管汉朝选择儒家作为官方意识形态，中国精英根本没有抛弃法家。在其后的两千年里，中国精英阳儒阴法。学者们以为，儒、法、道、释作为相互矛盾的意识形态，在每个中国人身上都有体现。但是，以儒家为核心，对保证中国的延续和统一起到了不可替代的作用。
历史，直笔浩浩青史，对保证和维护中国社会的统一发挥了重大作用。在汉代确立儒家为官方意识形态的同时，太史令司马迁抛弃了神权，果断地建立了历史的权威。从来就没有上帝救世主，也不语怪力乱神，公共权威的意识形态必须以人为本、以史为鉴。基于历史，司马迁展示了政府的目的不是理想的天国，而是理想的人世。《史记》究天人之际，通古今之变，成一家之言。
司马迁之后，《史记》成为中国正史的典范。延续《史记》的伟大传统和体例，历朝历代，在改朝换代之后，撰前朝史，隔代修史，共计有二十六史。这个传统一直持续到今天。2003年夏天，中国中央政府宣布，将投入巨资，延请数百位名流学者，重修清史。
《左传》总结了著名的三不朽。作为中国精英，有三条人生道路可以在世界历史上永垂不朽，而不必去做上帝或圣徒。一个人的历史地位取决于他对国家的延续与统一的贡献。第一是立功，文治武功。第二是立德，德高望重。第三是立言，传世之作。按照三不朽的标准，司马迁在《史记》中为所有人，从王公贵胄到黎民百姓，建立了历史评价的标准，延续至今。
汉代以后的中国历史基本上是重复和循环。中国社会是一个土地私有制、中央集权的省县制、以儒家为中心的官方意识形态、和以史为教的结合体。如果一个王朝无法实现这些基本的社会体制，群雄并起、改朝换代则最终不可避免。中国作为一个大统一的国家成功地得以延续。
在朝代的循环往复过程中，开国之初与王朝末世存在着根本差异。新朝新政，均田薄赋；开国皇帝，励精图治；朝廷清廉，民气可用，万象更新；江山社稷，固若金汤。或迟或早，王朝衰败；富者田联阡陌，贫者无立锥之地；苛捐杂税，多如牛毛；贪官污吏，如狼似虎；文官爱钱，武官怕死；水旱蝗灾，连绵不断；黎民百姓，揭竿而起；内忧外患，接踵而来；天命顿失，大势已去。天下大乱，群雄并起，逐鹿中原；真命天子，文韬武略，一统天下。
汉以后的朝代更替大体遵循这同一个模式。唐朝（618-906年）和宋朝（960-1279）完善了汉朝诞生的科举制度。元朝（1279-1368年）收入西藏。明朝（1368-1644年）舰队，三万水师，六次环游世界(Menzies, 2003)。清朝（1644-1912年）总结和实践前朝的统治经验，将中国的人口从一亿发展到四亿。
十九世纪英国发生了工业革命，中国一下子从中心滑到世界体系的边缘。清朝土崩瓦解后，中华民国（1912-1949年）试图把中国社会推向前进，但是失败了。1949年，振兴中国的重任遂落到毛泽东的中华人民共和国肩上。
第二节 1949年以前的中国社会分层
周朝是个封建国家。统治阶级包括四个阶层：周王室，封建诸侯，王室和诸侯的卿大夫，士。周王室是王朝的核心，包括天子及其子孙。诸侯国在周朝鼎盛时数以百计。天子依天命君临天下。依天命，天子分封他的亲属或功臣为各国诸侯，因而天子和诸侯的后代大多有亲属关系。也有不是出自周王室的诸侯，但他们大多成为周王室的姻亲。在王室和各诸侯国，卿大夫也大都是天子和诸侯王的亲戚，他们各自拥有家族、采邑和领地。周朝最低等的贵族是士。士最初是武士，后来也逐渐和主人有了血缘或婚姻的关系。周朝中期以后，士成为一个独立的社会精英阶层。
春秋时期，周王室血统不再是权力的象征。诸侯相互交战，甚至攻击周天子本人。卿大夫杀死诸侯，犯上篡国，毫无顾忌。周礼规定君君、臣臣、父父、子子，有一套很复杂的法律制度。到春秋战国时期，礼崩乐坏，封建社会瓦解了。[iii]
从秦到清（公元前221-公元1911年），中国政府将人民分成四个阶级：士、农、工、商。地主和农民都是“农”，是两个主要阶级，而工和商是两个次要阶级。理论上，除了皇帝，没有一个位置是世袭的。
汉朝（公元前202-公元220年）以后360年的内战期间，封建制有复辟倾向。汉唐之间（220-618年），出现了一些有权势的大门阀士族，他们占有大量土地和部曲。他们在政府占据重要的文武官职，并由自己的氏族世袭这些文武官职。
唐初，中央政府将汉朝和隋朝的科举制完善成为一种全国性的统考制度，以消灭汉唐之间出现的封建制复辟，使得布衣亦可卿相。隋初，唐初，宋（960-1279年）初，都继承汉制，实行均田制，把田地分给无地农民。
到1880年代，如表2-2所示，中国人口大约在三亿五千万到四亿之间，或者是七千万户。四个社会阶层之间，的确存在垂直的社会流动，大家族可因为子孙不肖、或者是没有男丁而衰落。
从某种意义上来说，表2-2会误导我们。虽然地主和农民两个阶级由于经济地位相差悬殊存在本质差异，官方的统计数据却将他们都视为“农”而放在一起。同样，大商人属于上层阶级，而小生意人则属于下层阶级，官方统计却将两者放在一起，因为他们都是“商”。官员和士子都是地主阶级，但官方统计却将他们同地主分开，因为士子是有功名的人，至少是个考生。图示2-1科学地展示了晚清的社会分层。
1840年鸦片战争到1949年建立中华人民共和国之间，下层社会和上层阶级都发生一些显著的变化。农民(Hinton, 1966; Crook, 1959)起义日渐频繁，因为西方列强不断欺凌中国,而政府的横征暴敛高的超出想象。在上海等地，随着应用现代机器大生产，出现了工人阶级(Smith, 2002; Honig, 1986; Hershatter, 1986)。尽管工业革命在全世界创造了蓝领工人，他们在中国仍然是工人阶级的少数，因为中国的工人阶级主要包括传统手工业者和苦力。1920到1949年间，现代工业的工人只增加到不到三百万人，且多数是从事棉纺业的女工和童工。
但是，上层阶级发生了剧变。一个从旧的士绅阶级中脱胎出的新的上层阶级开始领导国家，他们包括军事领袖、新知识分子、民族资本家、地主、国家技术官员。
十九世纪中期以后，军队逐渐重组，军事领袖不但要带兵打仗，还要领导国家走向未来。他们大体分为四代。第一代以曾国藩、左宗棠、李鸿章为首。他们自己均曾任总督，都出将入相。各省巡抚，多出其门下。他们在各省建立军校。1867年建立了第一所海军学校。1911年，全国共有军校七十所。
袁世凯是第二代军事领袖，成为中华民国第二任大总统。他死后，他的属下中出了五位总统，一位总理,和多数的北方军阀首领。袁世凯在保定开办了六所样板军校，蒋介石就是保定毕业生。
蒋介石是第三代军事领袖。1924年，苏俄帮助孙中山重建国民党，并在广州郊区建立了黄埔军校，以蒋介石为校长。1928年以后，蒋介石属下许多将军、部长、省长都是黄埔毕业生。一些毛泽东的属下也是黄埔毕业生，林彪就是黄埔四期。
另一个阶层是新一代知识分子的兴起。他们中有些人留学海外，有的毕业于国内创办的大专院校和中学。这些人只占人口的极小比例，且大多生活在大城市和沿海港口城市。下表是1949年各级学校毕业生统计[vi]。
这些新知识分子(Schwarcz, 1986)主要出自上层阶级，多少受过一些传统教育。他们在新的公共或私立教育机构接受了现代观念，但同时他们也把自己看作旧式的有科举功名的人，把自己看作士。所以，他们总是以经世济民为己任。
民族资产阶级(Kwan, 2001; Bergere, 1989; Coble, 1986) 是1840年以后新生的领导力量。他们原本是外国资本家的中国助手，被称为“买办”。买办阶级最先集聚了大量财富，用来建立现代企业。清朝末期，旧的商人阶级和新兴的资产阶级组织商会，提倡宪政，并形成组成省咨议局的主要动力。一战期间，外国资本的退出为中国打开了新的国内和国外市场。银行家和实业家开始从商人手中接过领导权。一战和战后的一段时间是中国民族资产阶级的黄金年代。但1928年蒋介石掌权以后，由于缺乏一个现代民族国家的可靠支持，资本家最富活力和胆识的部分失去了基础。甚至在其顶点，由于资本和技术的短缺，他们仅仅集中在轻工业，特别是纺织业，而无法涉足重工业，如钢铁和机械制造工业。
1840年后，中国的地主阶级逐渐全部失去了他们的积极的社会功能。农村地主阶级曾是两千年来中国的统治阶级的主体。但是，1840年以后，只有极少数地主成功地转变成资本家。要建立一个现代民族国家和实现工业化，中国需要有为的军政领导人、国有和私人资本家、社会思想家和现代教育家、科学家和技术人员。这些新的社会领导人多数来自农村地主阶级家庭，而他们也从地主阶级手里拿走了所有的社会功能。这使地主阶级对于建立现代国家完全过时和无用了。
国家技术官员最终获得了国家的支持，并致力于规划建立现代国家。清朝末期，他们被授权管理国有企业、领导军事、规划教育。1928年蒋介石上台后，他们在政府部门中人数增长，他们作为知识精英的地位也同时提高。1935年前后，他们控制了中、中、交、农，控制了超过三分之一的轻重工业，并负责筹划对付日本侵略的军事准备。通过兼并民族资产阶级，他们创建了国有企业，这些企业成为1949年以后中国国有企业的先驱。所以，不足为奇，今天的中国仍然在由同样一个国家技术官员阶层领导着。1949年以后中国迅速的社会发展来自重建充分完整的国家权力，与此同时技术官员逐渐取代了开国革命家成为领导阶层。1956年，公私合营消灭了民族资产阶级，将其并入国家技术官员。到2003年初，国家技术官员完全取代了开国革命家。
第三节1905年以前的科举制度
科举制度是1905年以前的中国社会分层的一个重要特征。秦以后的两千多年，四民士为首，无论在经济上、政治上、还是教育上。唐代以后，士特指考生和有功名的人。书中自有黄金屋。一个人的政治、法律、经济地位都
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Patriot füzeleri yaklaşık bir senedir Adana, Kahramanmaraş ve Gaziantep'te bulunuyor.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>نایب رییس اتحادیه مشاوران املاک: به ازای هر 440 ایرانی یک مشاور املاک وجود دارد
به گزارش مجله آراد، نایب رییس اتحادیه مشاوران املاک گفت: نایب رییس اتحادیه مشاوران املاک با بیان اینکه حدود 185 هزار مشاور املاک دارای پروانه کسب و مجاز در سطح کشور فعال هستند، گفت: اگر این عدد را به جمعیت کل کشور تقسیم کنیم به عبارتی به ازای هر 440 نفر یک مشاور املاک وجود دارد، حال اینکه مگر هر 440نفر احتیاج به معامله مسکن دارند؟ در واقع در ارتباط با مشاوران املاک یک فاجعه در حال رخ دادن است.
به گزارش ایلنا، داود بیگی نژاد با اشاره به ضرورت ساماندهی بازار مسکن و کنترل مشاور املاک گفت: تنها در منطقه تهران و منطقه شمیرانات حدود 12 هزار واحد صنفی مشاور دارای پروانه کسب فعال هستند و با احتساب فعالیت افراد بدون جواز در این حوزه به طور قطع حداقل باید 20 الی 30 درصد به این عدد اضافه کنیم؛ بنابراین کنترل این تعداد مشاور املاک غیر قابل انجام است.
وی تاکید نمود: اگر به صورت میانگین در هر یک از این واحد های صنفی 5 نفر هم مشغول به کار باشند تنها در 20 منطقه تهران همراه با شمیرانات 60 هزار نفر در این مشاوران املاک فعال هستند و این افراد باید در سطح شهر برای خود کار ایجاد نمایند، در این شرایط به طور قطع بازار مسکن دچار خلل می گردد چراکه محتمل است عده ای از این افراد به ویژه کسانی که فاقد پروانه هستند به صورت سیستمی و پارتیزانی وارد محلات می شوند و قیمت محلات را تغییر می دهند. باید دید شهر تهران به این تعداد مشاور املاک احتیاج دارد؟
نایب رییس اتحادیه مشاوران املاک با بیان اینکه حدود 185 هزار مشاور املاک دارای پروانه کسب و مجاز در سطح کشور فعال هستند، گفت: اگر این عدد را به جمعیت کل کشور تقسیم کنیم به عبارتی به ازای هر 440 نفر یک مشاور املاک وجود دارد، حال اینکه مگر هر 440نفر احتیاج به معامله مسکن دارند؟ در واقع در ارتباط با مشاوران املاک یک فاجعه در حال رخ دادن است.
بیگی نژاد ادامه داد: یک بستر رها برای فعالیت مشاوران املاک ایجاد شده و می خواهیم افرادی در این بستر رها فعالیت می نمایند، تابع قانون هم باشند و تنها راه چاره اجرای این اقدام این است که ورودی های این شغل کنترل گردد.
وی درباره ارتقای سواد و مدرک تحصیلی مشاوران املاک از سیکل به دیپلم اظهارداشت: حداقل سواد برای مشاوران املاک در حال حاضر دیپلم است و قبل از آن تابع از قانون نظام صنفی سواد خواندن و نوشتن برای این افراد کفایت می کرد.
نایب رییس اتحادیه مشاوران املاک با بیان اینکه اگر می خواهیم بازار مسکن را ساماندهی کنیم باید به افرادی اجازه ورود به این شغل بدهیم که یک مسیر صحیحی را طی نموده باشند، گفت: در حال حاضر اسیر یک تعداد مشاوران املاک هستیم که تعداد عمده آن ها مشاوران املاک غیر مجاز هستند و البته در مشاوران املاک مجاز هم از این افراد وجود دارد به صورت سازمان یافته در حال تخلف هستند.منبع: فرارو<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Satellites Detect Oil Spill Aftermath from Space
More than three million barrels of oil have been spilled in the Niger Delta, part of nearly 7,000 such accidents since 1976. This human and ecological catastrophe can now be seen from orbit.
Comparing satellite images taken before and after known oil spills—like the one that flowed from late 2008 to early 2009 near Bodo, Nigeria—a swath of devastation becomes apparent. In 2006, despite years of oil extraction, thick tropical vegetation blanketed the region, as evidenced by the healthy red glow picked up by the satellite's infrared eye.
By January 2009 death had eaten through the landscape, appearing in green and black, concentrating on those areas touching the oil-polluted river. The water itself sported a rainbow sheen, whereas mud in the tidal flats changed from yellow to an oily gray. All told, oil contaminated some three square kilometers of waterways and landscapes.
The American Association for the Advancement of Science Geospatial Technologies and Human Rights Project carried out the research in support of an Amnesty International effort known as "Eyes on Nigeria." The campaign aims to monitor conflict in Nigeria as well as environmental hazards such as oil spills and gas flares, which have been banned since 2008 but can still be detected from space. In the vicinity of Bodo the goal is to force Shell oil company to pay $1 billion to clean up the oil contamination and its aftermath.
-- David Biello<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Yemekler çok sıcak ve taze. Ayrıca çok lezzetli. Bu barbekü çok uzun bir süre daha iyi. Ben mccalls, eğer bu bölgede önemle tavsiye ederim.
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Yemekler çok sıcak ve taze. Ayrıca çok lezzetli. Bu barbekü çok uzun bir süre daha iyi. Ben mccalls, eğer bu bölgede önemle tavsiye ederim.
Hizmet fena değil ve açık büfe iyi, ama çok iyi değil. Yediğim 10 yıldır burada ve bunu yapmaya devam, ancak kalitesi sadece olması değil.
En sağlıklı değil ama iyi Pazar günü açık büfe tdy. . Kızarmış ckn. . Balık ve karides. Fırçalayın. . Özellikle Pazar barbeküsü. . Collards. Tereyağı fasulye. Tatlı patates. . Gizzards n livers. . Cornbread n mısır vücuda yapışıyor. . İyi salata barı. . Benim için...temel tatlılar.Devamı
Burası harika bir açık büfe hattı vardır. Şimdiye kadarki en iyi tavuk, dönem. Büyük bir yer ve her zaman öğle dolu. Burası bir en beğenilen yerel halk arasında olduğunu söyleyebilirim. Bir dahaki sefere ben şehir
Yediğimiz her şey çok lezzetliydi! Fırçalayın, barbekü ve tavuk ve haşlama en iyisi! Tatlılar, çok harikaydı.
Ülke fixins ile harika bir açık büfe mi arıyorsunuz? Daha sonra bu yere gidin. Sayısız iyi buna katlanabilirsiniz, harika bir barbekü, harika tavuk ve daha fazlası. Herhangi bir çeşit partiler veya kutlamalar ve aileler için harika bir yer için harika.
Burada her şey var ve bu güzel ve temiz! Personel çok dost canlısı ve profesyonel. Ben buraya geri gelip goldsboro bir dahaki.
Burası bir ülke ev ortamı vardır. Dekor, basit ama güney ev. Kendimizi açık büfe akşam yemeği için bir cumartesi gecesi. $13. 79 . Salata bölümü dolu ve taze sebzeler sunuyorlardı bile 1 saat önce kapatılması, çok takdir ettim. Barbekü taze çekildiğinde ızgara et, göğsün, tavuk...ve bir kaç kızarmış öğeleri vardı. Ekmek, içeride Hush adında, puppies ve pizza yer aldığı bir bölüm vardı. Daha sonra tatlı bölümü kocamandı. Birkaç puddingler ve meyve cips vardı. Görünen o ki, taze meyve ve tüm konserve pasta doldurma gibi görünüyordu. Bir dondurma makinesi var ve bir sundae yapabilirsiniz. Hizmet çok güzel ve bizi birkaç kez kontrol etti, ki bu da çok hoştu. Hızlı ve basit. Kesinlikle wilber'ler daha iyi olduğunu düşünüyoruz.Devamı
Yemekler fena değildi, ama ben aşağı ev yemeklerine gerçekten göz önünde bulundurun. Servis de fena değil, mükemmel değil ama çok kalabalık.
Oyun adı burada iyi bir seçenek. Açık büfe, hemen hemen her şey istediğiniz: ev barbekü domuz, deniz ürünleri ve ülke tarzı yemekler. Ve tebrikler. Hizmet iyi ve fiyatları makul.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>The ability to administer effective first aid in the event of a life-threatening injury or sudden illness in the workplace can save lives.
There’s no denying the importance of that. However, for Australian businesses, first aid readiness is also a requirement of the Work Health and Safety Act (WHS Act) and the Work Health and Safety Regulations.
What’s so Important About First Aid?
Providing immediate and effective first aid to workers or others who have been injured or become ill at the workplace may reduce the severity of the injury or illness and promote recovery. In some cases, it could mean the difference between life and death.
A proper and rapid response to non-life-threatening injuries can also directly improve the healing and recovery process. Injured workers who receive effective first aid following an injury may be able to return to work to quicker and with less treatment time and costs.
Many incidents occur in workplaces throughout Australia: every year, 2000 Australian workers die from and 640,000 workers report a work-related injury or illness, costing the economy $60.6 billion.*
First Aid and the WH&S Act
In 2012, Safe Work Australia launched a new harmonised First Aid in the Workplace Code of Practice (the Code). This new Code is designed as a practical guide to assist Australian businesses in achieving compliance with the standards of health, safety and welfare required under the Work Health and Safety Act (WHS Act) and the Work Health and Safety Regulations.
The Code provides a guideline for becoming a first aid ready workplace and is currently being rolled out across the majority of States and Territories.
Rather alarmingly, however, research has shown that only 13% of Australian businesses are first aid ready or compliant with all three core elements of the Code, putting their employees, customers and businesses at risk.
Studies have also identified a concerning lack of knowledge about the Code itself.
What are the Three Core Elements of a First Aid Ready Workplace?
- The presence of accredited first aiders who also undertake annual refresher courses in CPR and renew their qualifications every three years. In low-risk workplaces, one first aider is recommended for every 50 workers. For high-risk workplaces, one first aider is recommended for every 25 workers.
- Workplace resources and equipment, including fully stocked, up-to-date first aid kits, and the presence of clear first aid signage. First aid rooms may also be necessary for some circumstances (e.g. higher risk workplaces, workplaces located far from emergency services).
- Procedures and drills training covering first aid protocols for all workers. All employees should be trained in first aid procedures, including the location and type of first aid kits, communication channels in case of an emergency, and the identity and location of accredited first aiders in the workplace.
First aid readiness offers obvious benefits for both your employees and your business, and it can also benefit your bottom line through reduced claims costs and savings on the indirect costs associated with workplace injuries. Workers are commonly imbued with extra confidence, knowing that their safety and wellbeing is taken care of.
Alsco First Aid can provide best practice solutions for your business to get you first aid ready and compliant. Visit www.alscofirstaid.com.au to discover the services we can provide or call us on 1300 077 391.
Find out more about the First Aid in the Workplace Model Code of Practice: http://www.safeworkaustralia.gov.au/sites/swa/about/publications/pages/first-aid-in-the-workplace
* The Australian Work Health and Safety Strategy 2012-2022, Safe Work Australia.
Image Courtesy: Reytan<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Parts of the Sentence - Adverb Clauses
Adverb clauses like adjective clauses can give variety to your sentences.
Instructions: Combine the following sentences using adverb clauses at the beginning of the sentence.
1. Frank started medical training. He drove a forklift for a living.
2. The rains had started the mud slides. The homes were not safe to live in.
3. Older people love to sit in the park. They feed the birds and visit.
4. I enjoyed camping out. I was much younger.
5. Joe recognized the man. The man had stopped his car to help.
--For answers scroll down.
Several different subordinate conjunctions can be used to combine adverb clauses with independent clauses, but I will only show one possibility.
1. Before Frank started medical training, he drove a forklift for a living.
2. Because the rains had started the mud slides, the homes were not safe to live in.
3. While they feed the birds and visit, older people love to sit in the park.
4. When I was much younger, I enjoyed camping out.
5. After the man had stopped his car to help, Joe recognized him.
DAILY GRAMMAR - - - - by Mr. Johanson
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For your convenience, all of our lessons are available on our website in our
lesson archive at http://www.dailygrammar.com/archive.html. Our lessons are
Daily Grammar Lessons Search<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Despite concern that it’s ineffective and potentially dangerous, a government task force has concluded that there’s no reason carbon sequestration shouldn’t be introduced on a large scale within the next ten years.
The report by the Interagency Task Force on Carbon Capture and Storage conceded that there are issues to resolve, but said carbon capture and storage (CSS) technology is viable, with no insurmountable technical, legal, or institutional problems.
CSS is designed to counter the environmental impact of burning fossil fuels by locking away the carbon generated underground or elsewhere.
“The plan released today marks a significant step towards being able to utilize our nation’s vast coal resources while decreasing carbon emissions, and leading the world in this emerging market,” says Committee on Science and Technology Chairman Bart Gordon.
“We need to develop carbon capture and sequestration technologies — and the jobs that come with them — here in the US.”
Committee member Rep Jerry Costello said that CSS techniques justified the use of fossil fuels – something he’s rather pleased about.
“This report again shows that coal, our most abundant domestic energy resource, is a viable part of our energy future,” he said. “The coal reserves in my home state of Illinois contain more Btu’s than the oil reserves of Saudi Arabia and Kuwait.”
But many scientists, including Gary Shaffer of the Niels Bohr Institute in Denmark, believe that there’s a significant danger of leakage from such projects.
“One should not underestimate potential short and long-term problems with leakage from underground reservoirs. Carbon in light form will seek its way out of the ground or seabed. The present situation in the Gulf of Mexico is a poignant reminder of that,” says Shaffer.
Carbon sequestration should not be used as an argument for continued high fossil fuel emissions, he says.
“On the contrary, we should greatly limit CO2 emissions in our time to reduce the need for massive carbon sequestration and thus reduce unwanted consequences and burdens over many future generations from the leakage of sequestered CO2.”<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>۱۳۹۲/۱۲/۲۳
مجموعه نوحه های شب اول فاطمیه اول سال 92 با نوای گرم کربلایی جواد مقدم که در هیئت بین الحرمین تهران اجرا شده است را به صورت صوتی می توانید از ادامه مطلب دانلود کنید.
در ضمن سایت رو از خریدار پس گرفتم
خودم هستم فعلا !
التماس دعا ، یا علی مدد<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Told from the perspective of an Israelite tribal leader dispatched to survey Canaan, Gerard Manley Hokins’s “A Soliloquy of One of the Spies in the Wilderness” expresses a faltering spirit in the face of adversity. The speaker is one of the ten spies from the Book of Numbers who, convinced Canaan was an unrealistic military objective, reported it populated by fearsome giants (Num 13.33). This false report demoralized the Israelites and incited a fresh round of the “murmurings” against Moses, Aaron, and God that had plagued Israelite morale since their departure from Egypt. The report also had the effect of angering God, who barred the Israelites from entering the Promised Land for forty years. In his poem, Hopkins imagines the spy exhausted by the desert and filled with a false nostalgia for servitude in Egypt.
Sicken'd and thicken'd by the glare of sand
Who would drink water from a stony rock?
Are all the manna-bushes in the land
A shelter for this flock?
Behold at Elim wells on every hand
And seventy palms there stand.
The reference to the water from the rock is a type of the crucifixion that was common in the Victorian era. The passage is therefore an implicit rejection of Christianity in difficult circumstances. It is a failed test of faith, and can be read as an expression of Hopkins’s personal struggle with Catholicism.
1. The spies who gave false reports in the Book of Numbers died of plague in the wilderness and their tribes became lost outside the Promised Land. One can see a parallel to Hopkins’s personal life. After a conversion to Catholicism and a move to Ireland he found himself cut off English society. The poet is placed in the position of a member of a lost tribe, wandering outside the Promised Land. Are there their greater societal metaphors at work in this poem, or is Hopkins focusing solely on his personal removes?
2. The poem opens with a call to arms by Moses to capture the Canaan. “Come up, Arise and slay.” It closes with the speaker eschewing this call.
Go then: I am contented here to He.
Take Canaan with your sword and with your bow.
If the poem is an expression of Hopkins’s relationship with faith, then that relationship is combative. Faith demands continuous struggle. However, the speaker in the poem dismisses Moses’s commands and lies down “as though to die.” (He is presumably stricken with the plague that God sent to punish the ten duplicitous spies in Numbers 14.37.) What is Hopkins saying about someone, possibly himself, who gives up the struggle to lie down and die? This is a moment of profound doubt, but in the Christian tradition Christ expresses a moment of doubt on the Cross (Matt 27.46) as does the Apostle Thomas after hearing that Jesus has returned (John 20.25). Does this expression of doubt take Hopkins away from his faith or bring him closer to Catholic tradition? This question can be considered from another perspective. Considering Hopkins’s interested in Genesis 3:15, what is Hopkins saying about a situation where extreme pressure has resulted in capitulation?
3. The spy yearns for the comfort of Egypt, but the terms he uses to describe Egypt contain clear negative implications. He suggests turning to “a more grateful god,” presumably an Egyptian god. Yet the Egyptian gods could not prevent the ten plagues
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komut satırı aracını kullanın. Veritabanı tutarlı değilse, günlük dosyaları için depolama kabul edilendir. Veritabanı tutarlı değilse, veritabanı bozulabilir değil. Örneğin, günlük dosyaları henüz veritabanına kaydedilmiş olabilir. Ortak ve özel bilgi tutarlılığını denetlemek için veritabanlarını saklamak, komut isteminde aşağıdaki komutları yazın ve her satırın ardından ENTER tuşuna basın:
c:\exchsrvr\bin > eseutil /mh\mdbdata\priv.edbNot Bu örnek komut satırı aracı Eseutil.exe ExchSrvr\Bin klasöründen çalıştırın ve .edb dosyaları ExchSrvr\Mdbdata klasöründe bulunan varsayar.
c:\exchsrvr\bin > eseutil /mh\mdbdata\pub.edb
.Edb dosyası tutarlı olduğunu doğrulamak için <a0></a0>, "Durum" çıktı satırında görünen çıkış denetleyin. Bu komutun çıktısını bir metin dosyasına doğrudan göndermek için <a0></a0>, komut satırı aşağıdaki gibi değiştirin:
c:\exchsrvr\bin > eseutil /mh\mdbdata\priv.edb >mypriv .txtMetni doğrudan ekranda görüntülemek için şunu yazın | daha fazla komutun sonunda.
c:\exchsrvr\bin > eseutil /mh\mdbdata\pub.edb >mypub .txt
Komuttan çalıştırmakta olduğunuz ExchSrvr\Bin klasörü olarak aynı sürücüdeki pub.edb ve Priv.edb dosyaları ExchSrvr\Mdbdata klasöründe bulunan, ".. değiştirin...\mdbdata\priv.edb "bölümüyle komutu Priv.edb ve pub.edb dosyalarını tam yolu. Priv.edb hem pub.edb dosyalarını tutarlı, adım 6'ya geçin.
Veritabanlarının tutarsız ise, dosyaların kopyalarını, Mdbdata klasöründe depolanan günlük dosyaları olup olmadığını görmek için yumuşak bir kurtarma işlemini deneyin. Günlük dosyaları yoksa, yazılımla kurtarma işlemi tamamlayamıyor. Yazılımla kurtarma gerçekleştirdiğinizde, kaydedilmemiş günlükleri için bilgi deposu veritabanını kabul edilendir.
Yazılımla kurtarma başlatmak için <a0></a0>, komut isteminde aşağıdaki komutları yazın. Ilk komut, yazılımla kurtarma hakkında özel bilgi deposunun başlatır. Ikinci komut Ortak bilgi deposunda yazılımla kurtarma başlatır:
c:\exchsrvr\bin > eseutil /r /isprivBu komut (veritabanının tümüyle kurtarılabilir bulunuyorsanız) veritabanlarının kurtarmanıza olanak verir. Bu davranış onaylamak için <a0></a0>, bu adımı yineleyin ve sonra eseutil /mh komutunu yeniden çalıştırın. Çıktının "Durum" satırı, her iki ortak ve özel bilgi deposu için "İçin tutarlı" değiştirilirse, adım 6'ya geçin.
c:\exchsrvr\bin > eseutil /r /ispub
- Veritabanlarının ya da tutarsız eseutil /r komutunu veritabanlarının tutarlı bir duruma döndürmüyor ise, onarma gerçekleştirmek için Eseutil.exe aracını kullanın.
Not Aşağıdaki komutu kullandığınızda, bazı Exchange Server bilgi deposu veritabanına kaydedilmiş olmayan günlük dosyalarında bulunan iletileri de dahil olmak üzere verileri, kaybedebilirsiniz. Aşağıdaki komut, bir sabit veya kurtarma komutu forcible durumu olur. Ortak veya kiþisel bilgi depolarını tutarlı bir duruma döndürmüyor bu makalede daha önce adım 2 gerçekleştirildikten sonra <a0></a0> Bu komutu yalnızca kullanın.
Onarma gerçekleştirmek için <a0></a0>, aşağıdaki adımları izleyin:
Sonuçları, bir Exchange veritabanı "sabit" onarımını gerçekleştirme hakkında daha fazla bilgi için Microsoft Knowledge Base'deki makaleyi görüntülemek üzere aşağıdaki makale numarasını tıklatın:
- Priv.edb tutarlı bir duruma döndürmek için <a0></a0>, komut isteminde aşağıdaki komutu yazın ve ENTER tuşuna basın:
c:\exchsrvr\bin > eseutil /p /ispriv
- Pub.edb tutarlı bir duruma döndürmek için <a0></a0>, komut isteminde aşağıdaki komutu yazın ve ENTER tuşuna basın:
c:\exchsrvr\bin > eseutil /p /ispub
259851
Exchange'de eseutil /p veya edbutil /d /r komutunu çalıştırmanın sonuçları
- ExchSrvr\Mdbdata tüm .log ve .chk dosyaları silin sunucusundaki bir klasör. Ayrıca, Temp.edb dosya ExchSrvr\Mdbdata klasöründe varsa, bunu silin.
- Veritabanlarının çalıştığını doğrulamak için Microsoft Exchange bilgi deposu hizmetini başlatın. Exchange Bilgi Deposu hizmeti başarıyla başlatılır, onaylamak, Exchange bilgi deposu hizmetini durdurun.
Not Exchange Bilgi Deposu hizmeti başlatılmazsa, veritabanı tutarlı bir durumda olduğunu doğrulayın. Bunu yapmak için <a0></a0>, adım 2'de, bu makalenin bakın.
- Yalnızca, onarıldı veritabanını birleştirin. Bunu yapmak için:
Not Birleştirmek istediğiniz veritabanı boyutunun yüzde 110'u oranında için kullanılabilir sabit disk alanı olması gerekir.
- Priv.edb birleştirmek için <a0></a0>, komut isteminde aşağıdaki komutu yazın ve ENTER tuşuna basın:
c:\exchsrvr\bin > eseutil /d /ispriv
- Pub.edb birleştirmek için <a0></a0>, komut isteminde aşağıdaki komutu yazın ve ENTER tuşuna basın:
c:\exchsrvr\bin > eseutil /d /ispubNot Bu adım, özel ve ortak bilgi deposu veritabanlarının büyük, biraz zaman alabilir.
Komutu çalıştırmak için yeterli sabit disk alanı yok bildiren bir hata iletisi alırsanız, daha fazla alanı olan bir sürücü ExchSrvr\Bin klasöre kopyalayın ve komutu bu konumdan çalıştırın. Bu hata iletisini gidermek hakkında ek bilgi için Microsoft Knowledge Base'deki makaleyi görüntülemek üzere aşağıdaki makale numarasını tıklatın:
192185
Eseutil Yardımcı Programıyla (Eseutil.exe) Nasıl Birleştirme Yapılır
- ısinteg.exe komut satırı aracı, pub.edb ve Priv.edb onarmak için kullanın. Bu yardımcı program tüm alanlara veritabanlarının her bir sınama çalıştırır ve sonuçları bildirir. Bulduğu sorunları düzeltmek de çalışır.
Sınamalar çalışan sayısını uyarılarının sayısı, bulunamadı hatası sayısı, çalıştığınız düzeltmeleri sayısını ve bu programın çalışması için geçen süreyi gösteren bir özet raporu alırsınız. Uyarıları, hataları ve düzeltmeleri varsa, komutu yeniden çalıştırın. Hiçbir uyarıları, hataları veya düzeltmeleri kadar bu adımı yineleyin.
- Priv.edb düzeltmek için <a0></a0>, komut isteminde aşağıdaki komutu yazın ve ENTER tuşuna basın:
c:\exchsrvr\bin > isinteg - pri - fix - test alltests
- Pub.edb düzeltmek için <a0></a0>, komut isteminde aşağıdaki komutu yazın ve ENTER tuşuna basın:
c:\exchsrvr\bin > isinteg - pub - fix - test alltests
Not Program çalıştırmak her zaman bazı durumlarda, aynı uyarıları, hataları veya düzeltmeleri raporlanır. Aynı uyarıları, hataları ve düzeltmeleri üç kez bir satırda alırsanız, sonraki adıma geçin. Bir bozuk bir e-posta eki veya benzer hataları neden olabilir. Yineleme hataları, bilgi deposu başlatılmasını engellemez. Kararlı bir durumda, bilgi deposu, başlatabilirsiniz ve birkaç kez bilgi deposunun onarmak için Exmerge.exe aracını kullanın ısinteg.exe çalıştırdıktan sonra bildirilecek hataları ve uyarı iletilerini devam ederseniz. Exmerge.exe kullanma hakkında daha fazla bilgi için bu makalenin ilerisindeki "İçin kullan Exmerge.exe Tool" bölümüne bakın.
- Bilgi deposu veritabanını başlatmayı deneyin. Bilgi deposunun yeniden başlatılırsa, 9. adıma gidin. Bilgi deposunun başlatılmaz ve-1011 bir hata alıyorsunuz, pub.edb ve Priv.edb bilgi deposunun bunları tanıyabileceği bir duruma geri yüklemelisiniz. Bunu yapmak için <a0></a0>, komut isteminde aşağıdaki komutu yazın ve ENTER tuşuna basın:
c:\exchsrvr\bin > isinteg - düzeltme ekiNot Bu komutu çalıştırdığınızda, Microsoft Exchange dizin hizmeti çalışıyor olmalıdır. Bu komut, ortak ve özel veritabanları için çalışır.
Bu komut, ortak ve özel veritabanları için çalışır. Çevrimiçi bir geri yükleme, verileri gerçekleştirdiğiniz zaten varsa, bu adımı tamamlamak gerekmez. Ancak, bilgi deposu başlatmaya çalıştığınızda-1011 hata iletisi alırsanız, bu adımı tamamlayın.
- Bilgi deposunu yeniden başlatın.
- Dizin hizmeti/bilgi deposunun çalıştırın (DS / IS) tutarlılığı ayarlayan. Bunun nasıl yapılacağı hakkında daha fazla bilgi için bkz: "dizin hizmeti/bilgi deposunun kullanma (DS / IS) bu makalenin sonraki bölümünde tutarlılığı ayarlayan. DS / IS tutarlılığı ayarlayan klasörü Kurtarma bilgisayara geri yükleyemezsiniz burada veya burada bu bilgi deposu (Priv.edb veya pub.edb dosyalarını), özgün sunucudan farklı bir ad ile kurtarma bilgisayara kopyalanır olağanüstü durum kurtarma senaryolarda kullanılır. Dizin hizmeti kaybetmesine veya temiz bir klasör için Exchange Server yükleyin, sonra bu aracı çalıştırmak sahip değilsiniz.
Not Bu aracı kullanmak ve birden çok site Exchange Server kuruluşunuzda ya da birden çok sunucuya Exchange Server siteniz varsa, ortak klasörleri beklenmedik biçimde rehomed.
DS hakkında ek bilgi için / IS tutarlılığı ayarlayan, Microsoft Knowledge Base'deki makaleyi görüntülemek üzere aşağıdaki makale numarasını tıklatın:
182979
Işlev ve DS çalışan etkileri / IS tutarlılığı ayarlayan
DS kullanma / IS tutarlılığı ayarlayan
Exchange Server tutarlılığı ayarlayan çalıştırmak için <a0></a0>:
- Exchange Server Administrator programını başlatın.
- Yapılandırması ' nı genişletin, sunucuları ' nı genişletin ve ServerName</a1>'ı tıklatın.
- Dosya menüsünde Özellikler ' i tıklatın ve sonra Gelişmiş sekmesini tıklatın.
- Tutarlılık ayarlayan ' ı tıklatın, işlem altındaki tüm onay kutularını tıklatıp seçin ve Tamam ' ı tıklatın.
DS / IS tutarlılığı ayarlayan her iki ortak ve özel bilgi depolarını üzerinde çalışır.
Bu kurtarma işlemi başka bir sunucuda gerçekleştirmek veya kaldırıldı ve bu sunucuda Exchange Server'ı yeniden ve bir çalışma kopyasını dizin deposu (dir.edb) varsa, kullanıcı posta kutularını kurtarma için iki yöntem vardır. Her iki yöntem için herhangi bir dağıtım listeleri ve kayboldu Bu dağıtım listesi üyeliklerini yeniden oluşturmanız gerekir.
Yöntem Bir
Kullanıcı hesaplarını erişebiliyorsanız, Exchange Server Administrator programını başlatın ve Extract Windows NT hesabı listesiAraçlar
menüsünden Makro'yu tıklatın. Etki alanından ve yerel bilgisayardaki kullanıcı listesi extract emin olun. Bu yordam, Windows NT'nin bir liste içeren bir dosya oluşturmanıza olanak verir kullanıcılar.
Dosyayı, Araçlar
menüsünden oluşturduktan sonra Dizin Al
' ı tıklatın. Bu listeyi aldığınızda, alıcı tüm posta kutularını geri yüklenir. DS çalıştırmak istediğiniz / IS tutarlılığı ayarlayan yeniden sonra bu adımı gerçekleştirin.
Yöntem İki
Bu alıcı için Windows NT kullanıcı hesaplarına erişimi yoksa, aynı kullanıcı adları olan tüm Windows NT kullanıcı hesaplarına el ile yeniden oluşturmanız gerekir. Bunu yaptıktan sonra Exchange Server Administrator programını başlatın ve Windows NT hesabı listesi extractAraçlar
menüsünden Makro'yu tıklatın. Etki alanı ve yerel bilgisayarın kullanıcı listesinde extract emin olun. Bu yordam Windows NT'nin bir liste içeren bir dosyayı oluşturmanızı sağlayan kullanıcı.
Dosyayı Araçlar
menüsünden oluşturulduktan sonra Dizin Al
' ı tıklatın. Bu listeyi aldığınızda, tüm alıcıların posta kutularını geri yüklenir.
Posta kutusunu geri, aşağıdaki yöntemlerden birini tamamladıktan sonra önceki Exchange Server alıcıdan farklı bir ada sahip bir kullanıcı hesabı oluşturmuş olabilirsiniz.
Bu noktada, işlev ve e-posta alabilir kullanıcıların sunucuya bekleyebilirsiniz.
Exmerge.exe aracını kullanma
Bilgi deposunu yeniden başlatılırsa, ancak var olan diğer sorunları gidermek için <a0></a0>, sahip, kullanıcının tüm posta kutularını .pst dosyasına vermek için Exmerge.exe aracını kullanın. Bunu yaptıktan sonra kullanıcı posta kutularına yeni Priv.edb dosyasındaki .pst dosyaları birleştirme. Çevrimdışı depolama posta (.ost dosyaları) için kullanıyorsanız, .ost veri kaybetmesini engellemeye bu yordama başlamadan önce .ost dosyalarının bir .pst dosyasına taşımak zorunda. Exmerge.exe aracını yalnızca Not kullanıcı posta kutularını taşımaya izin verir. Exmerge.exe, bağlayıcı ayarları, Microsoft Outlook ayarları veya istemci tarafı kuralları gibi belirli bir Exchange Server yapılandırma özellikleri taşımak için kullanamazsınız. Exmerge.exe, dağıtım listeleri, üyelikleri Bu dağıtım listeleri veya ortak klasörleri taşımak için kullanamazsınız. Bu yordamı çalıştığında, yeniden veya dağıtım listelerini el ile yapılandırmanız gerekir. Bu yordam, tek kopya depolama noktaya kadar iletiler için de yok eder. Sonucunda, Exchange Server veritabanları, önemli ölçüde büyümesini riskiyle karşılaşırsınız.
Exmerge.exe hakkında ek bilgi için araç, Microsoft Knowledge Base'deki makaleyi görüntülemek üzere aşağıdaki makale numarasını tıklatın:
174197
Microsoft Exchange Posta Kutusu Birleştirme Programı (Exmerge.exe) bilgileri
Exmerge.exe aracını karşıdan yüklemek için aşağıdaki Microsoft Web sitesini ziyaret edin: Not
Exmerge.exe'nin bu sürümü, genel olarak "Love hata" virüs dağıtılacak kullanıldı. Karşıdan yükleme paketi Iloveyouhlpi.zip adlı neden olmasıdır.
Sonra karşıdan yükleyip Exmerge.exe extract yardımcı programını dosyaları ayıkladığınız klasörde bulunan Exmerge.ini dosyasını silin. Exmerge.exe yardımcı programı çalışırken bu yordamı, hataların oluşmasını engeller.
- Kullanıcılar geçerli bir e-posta istemcisi programı ve sunucudaki e-posta iletilerini erişme çalıştırmadığınızdan emin olun.
- Exmerge.exe iki adımlı mektup birleştirme işleminde adım 1'i kullanarak çalıştırın ve tüm kullanıcıların girin.
- Exmerge.exe işlemi tamamlandığında, Exchange Server Bilgi Deposu hizmetini durdurun.
- Sunucudaki ExchSrvr\Mdbdata klasöründe pub.edb ve Priv.edb dosyalarını yeniden adlandırın. Bu klasördeki tüm dosyaları silin. Birleştirme başarıyla tamamlandı, emin olduktan sonra kadar yeniden pub.edb ve Priv.edb dosyaları sildiğinizden emin olun.
- Exchange Server bilgi deposu yeniden hizmeti.
- Bir istemci bilgisayarda Outlook'u başlatın ve sonra da Exchange Server genel adres defterindeki tüm kullanıcılar için bir e-posta iletisi gönderin.
Not Bu adımı tamamlamak için adım 2 / iki adımlı bir mektup birleştirme işlemi, geri yüklemek için kullanılabilir tüm posta kutuları olan göstermiyor Exmerge.exe.
- Exmerge.exe, iki adımlı mektup birleştirme işleminde adım 2'yi kullanarak çalıştırın ve sonra tüm kullanıcıları girin. Bu işlem tamamlandığında, daha önce .pst dosyaları depolanan e-posta iletilerini Exchange Server posta kutularına taşınır.
Şimdi yeni bir tüm posta iletilerinin kopyalarını içeren yeni bir Priv.edb dosyası var.
Exchange sunucu bilgilerini geri yükleme hakkında ek bilgi depolamak için Microsoft Knowledge Base'deki makaleleri görüntülemek üzere aşağıdaki makale numaralarını tıklatın:
231299
Bilgi deposunun 335544375 hizmete özel hata verir...
162354
DS_E_COMMUNICATIONS_PROBLEM ISINTEG - PATCH çalıştırma
172813
Store.exe işlemi tarafından yüksek CPU kullanımı sorun giderme
242364
Bilgi deposunun sonra bir çevrimdışı disk birleştirme 4294966277 ile başlamıyor
219419
Bilgi duruyor beklenmedik biçimde depolamak ve onarılamıyor
259688
Exmerge yardımcı programını kullanarak verileri bozuk bir özel bilgi deposundan ayıklama (Bu bağlantı, bir kısmı veya tamamı İngilizce olan içeriğe işaret edebilir.)
Exchange
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بریزید. سوسیس های خام را بیش از 2 ساعت در دمای اتاق نگذارید.
سرسخت دی - کیلبسا
چرا گوشت خوک من بوی گوز می دهد؟
1. غذاهای چرب از جمله گوشت خوک و گاو. ... گوگرد توسط باکتری های روده شما به سولفید هیدروژن تجزیه می شود - بوی خوش تخم مرغ فاسد - و بوی گاز تولید شده توسط سایر غذاهایی که می خورید و همچنین گوشت را "تقویت" می کند.
مواد سفیدی که از سوسیس بیرون می آید چیست؟
پودر سفیدی که روی پوسته سوسیس خشک می نشیند، آرد یا باکتری یا نمک نیست! این یک قارچ است، اما نه هر قارچی! ما در مورد پنی سیلیوم صحبت می کنیم. اغلب از باکتری ها و قارچ ها می ترسید، اما بیشتر آنتی بیوتیک های امروزی از باکتری ها و قارچ هایی مانند پنی سیلیوم تهیه می شوند.
کیلبسا برای چه مدت در یخچال مفید است؟
آیا می خواهید کیلباسا را در هفته آینده بخورید؟ اگر چنین است، آن را در یخچال قرار دهید. یک بسته باز نشده با خلاء مهر و موم شده به مدت 3-4 هفته تازه می ماند . بسته باز شده به مدت 1-2 هفته تازه می ماند.
کیلباسای پخته شده برای چه مدت در یخچال مفید است؟
پاسخ: در صورت نگهداری صحیح، سوسیس پخته شده تا چهار روز در یخچال باقی می ماند. برای اینکه خوب و تازه بمانند آنها را در ظرف دربسته نگهداری کنید و حتماً ظرف دو ساعت پس از پخت در یخچال قرار دهید. سوسیس ها را می توان به سادگی در ماهیتابه سرخ کرد یا در ماریناد یا سینی پخت قبل از نگهداری در یخچال پخت.
آیا می توانید سوسیس 5 روزه بخورید؟
یک بسته باز نشده برای چهار روز در قفسه یخچال خوب است. اگر بسته باز بود، برای دو روز خوب است یا اگر مقداری باقی مانده باشد. اگر سوسیس صبحانه پخته شده را با غذای دیگری در بشقاب نگهداری کنید، به مدت 2 روز قابل خوردن است.
بهترین روش پخت کیلبسا چیست؟
- PAN FRY. بخشهای سوسیس دودی را از طول به نصف یا ورقههای 1/2 اینچی برش دهید. روی حرارت متوسط به تابه نچسب اضافه کنید.
- اجاق گاز. سوسیس را به ۲ تا ۳ اینچ آب جوش اضافه کنید. 10-12 دقیقه بجوشانید.
- گریل. به مدت 12-14 دقیقه روی حرارت متوسط رو به بالا گریل کنید و مرتب بچرخانید.
آیا کیلباسا نیاز به یخچال دارد؟
کیلباسا تخمیر نشده است و برای خوب ماندن باید در یخچال نگهداری شود . آب بندی خلاء اکسیژن موجود در بسته را کاهش می دهد، اکسیداسیون را کاهش می دهد و از رشد برخی از انواع باکتری ها در هنگام ترکیب با یخچال جلوگیری می کند، اما کیلباسا در یک ماشین داغ شانسی ندارد.
آیا می توانم سوسیس تاریخ مصرف گذشته را بخورم؟
با برخورد مناسب، سوسیس برای روزهایی که از تاریخ فروش آن گذشته است برای مصرف بی خطر است. ... تاریخ فروش سوسیس شما منعکس کننده زمانی نیست که استفاده از آن دیگر ایمن نیست. مگر اینکه دلایل خوبی برای مشکوک شدن به غیر این صورت داشته باشید، مطمئناً می توانید سوسیس را بعد از این تاریخ روی بسته بندی استفاده کنید.
بیکن برای چه مدت در یخچال مفید است؟
میانگین ماندگاری به طور کلی، بیکن باز نشده می تواند تا 2 هفته در یخچال و تا 8 ماه در فریزر باقی بماند. در ضمن، بیکنی که باز شده اما پخته نشده ممکن است فقط حدود 1 هفته در یخچال و تا 6 ماه در فریزر بماند.
آیا سوسیس خاکستری بد است؟
اگر سوسیس شما در یخچال خاکستری شد، این نشانه بدی است . اگر یک سوسیس کاملاً پخته لزج است، یا اگر بوی عجیب و غریب و شیرین و بد بو دارد - شما می دانید که یکی - تمام است، و فقط باید آن را دور بیندازید. آن مناظر و بوها به شما می گوید که مقداری فساد در سوسیس شما وجود داشته است.
اگر سوسیس بد بخورم چه اتفاقی می افتد؟
سوسیس بدی که هیچ باکتری مضری نداشته باشد فقط مزه خواهد داشت. ممکن است دچار ناراحتی معده شوید اما هیچ چیز خیلی جدی نیست. ... خوردن سوسیس بد گوشت گاو یا خوک معمولاً منجر به اسهال، استفراغ، گرفتگی عضلات یا حالت تهوع می شود.
چگونه kielbasa را ذخیره می کنید؟
- در یخچال نگهداری کنید و در بسته بندی پلاستیکی یا فویل آلومینیومی محکم بپیچید.
- برای یخ زدن، آن را با فویل آلومینیومی یا بسته بندی فریزر محکم بپیچید یا در کیسه های فریزر سنگین قرار دهید.
ماندگاری کلم ترش و کیلباسا در یخچال چقدر است؟
هنگامی که کلم ترش در یخچال نگهداری می شود، به مدت 6 ماه تازه می ماند، شاید بیشتر زمانی که دما ثابت باشد. مهم است که پس از هر بار استفاده در ظرف را محکم بسته نگه دارید.
سوسیس را خام فریز کنیم یا پخته؟
به گفته Betterhealth، بهتر است مواد غذایی خام را در زیر غذای پخته نگهداری کنید تا خطر چکیدن پاتوژن ها روی محصول پخته شده به حداقل برسد. سرد کنید، سپس فریز کنید: اگر مقداری رول سوسیس یا گلوله های سوسیس باقی مانده است، قبل از گذاشتن آنها در فریزر مطمئن شوید که خنک شوند.
آیا کیلباسا برای خوردن مفید است؟
نوعی سوسیس که به نام کیلباسا (kielbasa) شناخته می شود، تنها با 6 اونس کیلبسا می تواند 330 کالری، 24 گرم چربی و 1590 میلی گرم سدیم داشته باشد. باید به طور جدی از مصرف این نوع غذاها پرهیز کرد.
از کجا می دانید کیلباسا پخته شده است؟
از کجا می دانید کیلباسا پخته شده است؟ شما می توانید تشخیص دهید که سوسیس چه زمانی انجام می شود یا با دماسنج یا با انجام تست فشار. در لمس باید محکم باشد ، اما چروکیده نشود. سوسیس را برش ندهید تا بفهمید درست شده است یا نه، اگر اینطور نیست، تمام آب داخل آن را که آن را مرطوب نگه می دارد از دست خواهید داد.
بد کیلباسا چه شکلی است؟
اگر رنگ مایل به خاکستری یا هر کت لزج داشته باشد، ممکن است خراب شده باشد. همچنین باید سوسیس را بو کنید تا مطمئن شوید که عطر ترش ندارد. سوسیس نپخته سالم صورتی خواهد بود و فقط بوی سبزی داخل آن را می دهد.
آیا کپک روی سوسیس بی خطر است؟
آیا کپک روی سالامی من برای خوردن خطرناک است؟ کپک برای خوردن خطرناک نیست . البته اگر ترجیح می دهید قالب را نخورید می توانید به راحتی پوسته را جدا کنید. این قالب طعم و گیاه منحصر به فردی دارد که به محصولات ما اضافه می کند.
آیا باید سوسیس را قبل از سرخ کردن سوراخ کرد؟
قبل از پختن، حلقه های سوسیس را برش دهید. آنها را سوراخ نکن اگر سوسیسهای مرغوب را بخرید، اجازه میدهید تمام رطوبت و طعم آن خارج شود. سوسیس ها را روی حرارت ملایم بپزید، اگر آنها را در دمای خیلی بالا بپزید پوست آنها می ترکد.
اگر گوشت بوی گوز بدهد مضر است؟
گوشتی که خاموش است بوی تند و زننده ای خواهد داشت که فوراً باعث می شود که از آن دور شوید . اطمینان حاصل کنید که گوشت بوی سفید کننده یا آمونیاک نمی دهد، به این معنی که ممکن است کهنه باشد اما تازه از بین رفته باشد. بافت کمی ظریفتر است، اما معمولاً میتوان گفت که هر گونه باریکی یا چسبندگی، نشانه خوبی نیست.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>- şamda kayısı (704)
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müttefik kuvvetlerin hassas bombardıman seçeneklerini bir kenara iterek doğrudan sivilleri hedef alma pahasına icra ettikleri devasa hava bombardımanıdır. müttefik kuvvetler tarafından, almanya'nın tüm direncini kırmak ve savaşı sonlandırmaya yönelik gerçekleştirilen stratejik bombardımanlardan bir diğeri olduğu savunulmuştur. ancak ölümcüllüğü stratejik bombardıman kavramının da ötesindedir çünkü sivil kayıplar önemsenmemiştir.devamını okuyayım »
almanya'nın hava savunma sistemleri aşılmaya başlandıktan sonra abd ve ingiliz hava kuvvetleri, almanya'nın savaş mekanizmasını ve savaşma kabiliyetini sekteye uğratmak amacıyla doğrudan askeri hedefler dışında, alman savaş endüstrisini ayakta tutan tüm diğer etkenleri de hedef almaya başladı. hassas bombardıman faaliyetleri bir süre sonra stratejik ve topyekün bombalama eylemlerine dönüştü. askeri tesisler, fabrikalar, atölyeler, yollar, köprüler çevresinde yoğun sivil nüfusun bulunup bulunmamasına bakılmaksızın bombalanmaya başlandı. hatta öldürülen siviller alman ordusu için potansiyel bir asker olabileceği için önemsenmedi. kimi müttefik komutanlarına göre doğrudan şehirleri hedef almak, düşmanın direncini kırabilmek ve daha fazla hasar verebilmek için stratejik açıdan askeri hedefleri hedef almakla eş değerdi. bu durum bir süre sonra sivil ölümlerinin tamamen hiçe sayıldığı toplu yıkımlara dönüştü.
müttefik kuvvetlerin bombaladığı tek şehir dresden değildir. endüstri bölgeleri başta olmak üzere pek çok alman şehri, abd ve ingiliz bombardıman uçaklarının hedefi olmuştur. kaldı ki acımasızca bombalanan bölge sadece almanya değildi. japon şehirleride bundan fazlasıyla nasibini almıştır. 1945 büyük tokyo bombardımanı dresden'den hiç de geri kalmaz. müttefik kuvvetler ikinci dünya savaşını kazandıkları için bu tür bombardıman örnekleri savaş suçu olarak kabul görmemiştir. ancak objektif bir bakış açısıyla yorumlandığında, müttefik kuvvetlerin sebep olduğu yıkımlar, almanya ve japonya'nın sebep olduğu yıkımlardan çok da geri kalır değildir.
kimilerine göre intikam, kimilerine göre ise sivil unsurları da kapsayan bir stratejik bombardımandır. fakat her halükarda savaş suçudur. nazilerin yaptıkları amerikalı ya da ingilizleri bu konuda haklı çıkarmaz.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>به گزارش "ورزش سه"، علیرضا جهانبخش، خرید جدید برایتون انگلیس در گفتوگو با سایت این باشگاه درباره حضور یک نیمهای در دیدار تدارکاتی مقابل نیس فرانسه عنوان کرد: اولین و مهمترین مسئله این است که برای دقایقی برای باشگاه جدیدم بازی کردم چون آخرین بار که در میادین حضور داشتم، همراه تیم ملی ایران در جام جهانی بود.
او ادامه داد: زمان زیادی برای آمادگی پیش فصل نذاشتم و در این بازی کمی کارم سخت بود ولی حالا مهمترین مسئله این بود که نخستین بازی فصل را انجام دهم؛ خیلی خوشحال هستم اما میخواهم آمادهتر باشم و با محیط اطرافم بیشتر تطبیق پیدا کنم که این موضوع کمی زمانبر است و البته حضور پیدا کردن در زمین مسئله اصلی است.
مهاجم ایرانی برایتون در خصوص هماهنگی با بازیکنان در دیدار با نیس گفت: همه بچهها و همبازیانم خیلی خوب بودند و خوشبختانه سریع در تیم جا افتادم؛ تیم خیلی خوبی داریم و من تحت تاثیر آنها قرار گرفتم؛ البته کمی هم زمان میبرد تا ما کمی بیشتر یکدیگر را بشناسیم و هماهنگ شویم.
جهانبخش اضافه کرد: میدانم که از الان تا ابتدای فصل لیگ برتر باید خیلی تلاش کنم تا به مرحله خوبی از آمادگی فیزیکی برسم که موضوع مهمی برای من است؛ میدانم مجبور هستم خیلی سخت کار کنم تا به حد آمادگی سایر بازیکنان تیم برسم.
او تصریح کرد: رسیدن به شرایط سایر بازیکنان برایتون، چالشی است که برای آن مشتاق هستم؛ ابتدای فصل برای من خیلی خوشایند بود؛ این میزان رقابت بین تیمها نیز که هر ساله وجود دارد، برای من و بسیاری از بازیکنان خیلی هیجان انگیز است.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>به پهلوان اول ایران
سنتی دیرپا و کهن است که پیش از انقلاب توسط پادشاه و پس از انقلاب توسط رئیس جمهور اعطاء می شد. پیشینه این سنت دستکم به دوره زندیه می رسد.
پرویز هادی پهلوان تبریزی است که مدال آور میدان های جهانی است. وی در سال 1391 پیشنهاد جمهوری باکو را رد کرده و گفت یک وجب از خاک میهنم را با میلیونها دلار عوض نمیکنم و عاشق وطنم هستم، تا وطنخواهی خود را ثابت کرده باشد.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>به گزارش خبرگزاری صدا و سیما به نقل از روابط عمومی سازمان امور سینمایی و سمعی بصری، فهرست اعلام شده حاوی اطلاعات پرداخت به طرح های سینمایی از ابتدای سال ۱۳۹۰ تا ۱۳۹۶ است و در بر گیرنده کیفیت پرداخت و قرارداد شامل تسهیلات، مشارکت، ساخت و خرید حقوق می شود.
بر اساس این گزارش برخی از فیلم ها به جز دریافت نقدی، از تجهیزات فنی بنیاد سینمایی فارابی نیز استفاده کرده اند که هزینه این بخش در گزارش نیامده است.
روند اطلاع رسانی مربوط به پرداخت طرح های سینمایی قبل از سال ۱۳۹۰ نیز به مرور اعلام خواهد شد.
برای دریافت گزارش اینجا کلیک کنید
با عضویت در خبرنامه تی نیوز می توانید روزانه خبرهای روز را در ایمیل خود مشاهده کنید<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>蒜和生姜削皮，将辣椒纵向切成两半，然后去籽，将大蒜压碎，如有需要，去除中间的绿芽。将生姜和辣椒切片，然后大致切碎大蒜，j然后将所有食材放入料理机中。大略剁碎香菜，转移到料理机内。
加入芥末籽、孜然和姜黄，然后用料理机打碎成细泥。作为绿咖喱的底料尽情享用吧！
Made with in Berlin<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Dünyayı sarsan Covid-19 salgını tüm dünyaya aşının önemini bir kez daha hatırlattı.
Vücut kitle indeksinizi hesaplayın
Göz ağrısı, migren, baş dönmesi ve göz problemleriMigren, baş dönmesi ve göz problemleri yakından ilişkili olabilir. Migren problemleri olan birçok insanın baş dönmesinin yanı sıra görme sorunları da vardır. Bazıları gözün arkasında ağrı hisseder, ancak bu ağrının göze neden olduğu anlamına gelmez.
01 Nisan 2020 Çarşamba
Görme sorunları
- boş noktalar
- parlayan ışık
- spot ışığı
- görüş alanınızdaki eğri çizgiler
Baş dönmesi ve baş dönmesi
Migren ve ilgili semptomlar için tedaviler
- Çikolata, yer fıstığı gibi sorunlu yiyeceklerden kaçının
- sigarayı bırakmak
- stres seviyelerini azalt
- düzenli egzersiz
Göz migreniniz var mı?
İlgili Makaleler
Dudaktaki uçuk ( dudaklarda ateş ) vücudun belirli koşullarına eşlik edençok yaygın bir
Bronşit, bronşiyal tüplerdeki (boğazın dalları) mukozada meydana gelen iltihaplanmadır.
E füzyon plevrasına genellikle kalp konjestifinin bozulması, karaciğer sirozu, malignite ve
Kolelitiazis, safrada taş oluşumudur; Bu safra kesesi taşları safra kesesinde veya safra
Ağız dokularını yağlamak ve mukozayı korumak için tükürüğe ihtiyaç vardır. Tükürük
Pamukçuk, genellikle Candida albicans mantarının neden olduğu bir maya enfeksiyonudur.
Antibiyotikler, enfeksiyonları tedavi etmek ve önlemek için bakterileri hedef alan ilaçlardır.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Tek tip bir kod biçimini veya maskeyi oluşturmak, gözden geçirmek veya gözden geçirmek ÇÇY ÇÇY Kod Tanımı iletişim kutusunu kullanın. ÇÇY kodları genelde benzersizdir; şöyle ki, her görevin ayrı bir ÇÇY kodu olur. ÇÇY alanını kullanmak, proje yönetimi için belirli bir ÇÇY kod sistemi kullanıyorsa çok yararlıdır. Şunları yapabilirsiniz:
-
ÇÇY kodu için dizi, uzunluk ve ayırıcıyı içeren bir ÇÇY kod biçimi tanımlayın.
-
Projenin hiyerarşik yapısı içinde görevlerin konumlarını temsil etme.
-
Projenizi görüntüleme biçimine uygun belirli bir biçim uygulayabilirsiniz.
İletişim kutusunun konumu
Bu iletişim kutusunu açmak için, herhangi bir görev görünümünde, İYD menüsünde ÇÇY'nin üzerine Project sonraK
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un segno così profondo nella cultura architettonica mondiale… sicuramente Ludwig Mies van der Rohe è uno tra questi.
Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, nato il 27 marzo 1886 in Germania e morto nel 1969 a Chicago fu un architetto il cui stile è caratterizzato da forme rettilinee, realizzate con semplicità.
Sin dall’età di 15 anni ha fatto l’apprendista presso vari architetti da cui ha appreso come realizzare decorazioni in stucco e come realizzare disegni lineari.
In questo modo ha avuto l’opportunità di acquisire una certa esperienza pratica che lo segnarono nella sua successiva vita professionale di architetto.
Nel 1907 ha ricevuto l’incarico per una tradizionale casa di periferia, la sua prima commissione.
Riuscì a realizzare un edificio che impressionò anche l’architetto Peter Behrens, il più progressista dell’epoca.
Behrens gli offrì un lavoro all’interno del suo ufficio, nel quale si trovavano allo stesso tempo anche Walter Gropius e Le Corbusier.
In seguito, ricevette anche un’ulteriore influenza positiva nel 1911 da parte di Hendrik Petrus Berlage, un pioniere dell’architettura olandese moderna.
Farnsworth House di Mies van der Rohe è una delle sue opere più rappresentative.
La pianta della casa è stata pensata completamente aperta, escludendo le pareti necessarie per delimitare i bagni, ed in modo da utilizzare un vero e proprio stile tipico dell’architettura minimalista.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>今日NBA常规赛。开拓者以134-131险胜独行侠。赛后。开拓者主帅斯托茨接受媒体采访。谈到了利拉德的表现。
热门文章简读《科尔：没人能限制迈克尔-乔丹》
勇士主帅史蒂夫-科尔近期做客比尔-西蒙斯的播客，重谈老队友迈克尔-乔丹。一起作为公牛后三连冠的成员之一，他以为后公牛王朝理论上能控制当今的NBA。 每逢我回想那支公牛队，我
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本场比赛。利拉德出战41分钟32投17中。三分球17中9、罚球18中18。狂砍61分5篮板8助攻1抢断。
斯托茨表示。利拉德今天的61分和去年季后赛淘汰雷霆的那场比赛都是其个人最佳表现。他拿到50分并投进绝杀球。
“尽管我们在一个空旷的球馆里。在一个泡泡园区中。但这个赛季的形势已经很严峻。这和去年对阵雷霆的比赛相差无几。”斯托茨表示。
热门文章简读《利拉德：我们来到奥兰多的目标就是打进季后赛》
今日，开拓者险胜独行侠，赛后，利拉德接受了记者采访。 谈到季后赛，他说:我们来到奥兰多的目标就是打进季后赛，我告诉队友们我们不是来这浪费时间的。我们的工作还没做完，
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- What happens to children when there is no will
- Getting a lawyer to help write your will
- Estate administration publications and forms
A will is a legally binding document describing what you want done with your assets after you die. It can include instructions for your burial or cremation. Without a will, settling your estate could be more complicated and costly for your loved ones.
What you should know about a will
Anyone 19 years or older who is mentally capable can make a will. This means:
- you understand what you’re writing; and
- you appreciate the nature and extent of your property (assets).
You must voluntarily make your will. No person can pressure you into leaving someone:
- out of a will; or
- a gift you did not want to.
Make a legal will
You’re a "testator" when you make a will. For a will to be legal, you must:
- sign at the end of the document;
- have it witnessed by 2 people; and
- be present when the witnesses sign the document.
You can also have someone else sign your will for you if you:
- on your behalf; and
- if you’re present.
A holograph will was written by hand and signed by the deceased. It’s considered a legal will.
A beneficiary inherits an item or money from your estate. The person you appointed in your will to take care of your estate, the “executor”, gives out your assets.
Changing your will
You can make changes as long as you’re alive and mentally capable. You do not need anyone’s permission to make changes. You should talk to a lawyer to learn more.
What to include
- What to do with assets.
- Give powers to your executor.
- Wishes for your burial or cremation;
- Other wishes; these are not legally binding.
- Name a guardian and trustee for children under the age of 19.
You cannot give away property that you do not own, or your share of property you jointly own with 1 or more people in a joint tenancy.
In a joint tenancy, if 1 owner dies, the surviving owner(s) then own(s) the property. For example, a joint bank account.
Dying without a will
If you die without a valid will, you die "intestate". A relative or friend can apply to the Supreme Court of Yukon to become the executor of your estate. In rare cases, the Public Guardian and Trustee may apply.
Your friends and family
Cannot decide how to distribute your estate.
How is the estate divided?
- All debts are paid.
- The remainder goes to relatives in an order described in part 10 of the Yukon’s Estate Administration Act.
Assets outside the Yukon
If you own land or other assets outside the Yukon, talk with a lawyer. Estate process vary in other jurisdictions.
What about special circumstances?
Talk with a lawyer to get accurate advice. The Public Guardian and Trustee can explain the estate process, but cannot give legal advice.
- You have a child under the age of 16.
- You have a child over the age of 16 who is unable to earn a livelihood due to a mental or physical disability.
- You’re a Citizen of a Yukon First Nation that has laws governing inheritance.
- You have a former spouse or partner who's been dependent on you for the past 3 years.
- Your estate might have to continue paying child or spousal support after you die.
To learn more, read Ten common questions about wills and estates.
What happens to children when there is no will
- acts as the trustee of estates for children where there is no other trustee or legal guardian; and
- holds money in trust for minors until they turn 19.
The Public Guardian and Trustee charges fees for minor trust services provided to children.
Read our brochure about a minor trust and what you should know before cashing your cheque.
Getting a lawyer to help write your will
Finding a lawyer
You can use the Find a Lawyer directory on the Law Society of Yukon website, or phone law firms to ask for their standard rates for wills before you hire a lawyer. Lawyers set their own rates. This can be between $300 and $500 for a simple will.
Meet with a Lawyer Program
You can find lawyers who practice wills and estates law from the Law Society of Yukon.
In person: Suite 304 – 104 Elliott Street, Whitehorse.
The society will give you a certificate that gives you a 1/2-hour consultation with 1 of their lawyers for $30 which includes 5 per cent GST. Take the certificate with you to your appointment.
Yukoners living in any of the communities can use the Meet with a Lawyer program by phoning collect 867-668-4231. The staff will explain how you can use the service, and provide the names of lawyers on its list.
Will a lawyer visit a hospital?
If you’re too ill to go to a lawyer’s office, some lawyers will visit you in a hospital or at home. If you have mobility or health issues, you can ask your lawyer if they’ll visit you at home or in the hospital.
Estate administration publications and forms
The following guides provide detailed information about estate administration.
- Book 1 – Duties of an Estate Administrator
- Book 2 – Your Role as an Executor
- Book 3 – What is Probate?
- Book 4 – Closing an Estate
- Book 5 – List of Key Words - Estate Administration Resource Guide
Estate administration forms
Supreme Court rule 64 or 65 and forms 74 through 89 apply to estate administration depending on the case.
These estate rules and forms can all be found on the Yukon Supreme Court page here:
Form 4A – Requisition for:
- grant of probate (will)
- letters of administration (no will)
- letters of administration (will annexed)
Form 72 – Affidavit of executor
Form 73 – Affidavit of notice of application (with exhibit)
Form 74 – Affidavit of proposed administrator (no will)
Form 75 – Affidavit of administrator (will annexed)
Form 115 – Grant of probate
Form 116 – Letters of administration (no will)
Form 116B – Letters of administration (will annexed)<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>The life of Abraham Lincoln has been constantly reinterpreted. He has been seen as everything from hallowed genius to demented fanatic. This year has been Lincoln's bicentennial, bringing further renown for the historian David Herbert Donald, who has died aged 88.
Donald's writing about Lincoln spanned nearly 50 years, and his 1995 biography, Lincoln, is considered the best and most balanced. His Lincoln is a determined man struggling to find inner reserves to cope with immense crises.
Although he twice won the Pulitzer prize, neither award honoured his work on Lincoln. The first was in 1961 for the opening part of his two-volume biography of the abolitionist Charles Sumner, who he presented as a radical whose Republican leadership placed Lincoln in an almost untenable position. By the time the second volume was published in 1970, influenced by changes brought on by the civil rights movement, Donald's Sumner was more of a visionary moral leader.
He won his second Pulitzer for Look Homeward, his 1987 biography of the novelist Thomas Wolfe, author of the 1929 classic Look Homeward, Angel. It was a more personal project because, as Donald put it, "Wolfe told my story". Like Wolfe, Donald was a southerner transplanted to the world of Yankee intellectuals, and spent his career examining the great divide between north and south. He also considered himself a frustrated novelist, saying biographies ought to "let the story tell itself and have it as ambiguous, as ambivalent as a modern novel".
Donald was born on a farm in Goodman, Mississippi. He graduated from Millsaps College, in Jackson, Mississippi, then received his PhD in history in 1946 from the University of Illinois, studying under the civil war scholar James G Randall. He began teaching at Columbia, in New York, and in 1947 published his first book, Lincoln Reconsidered, a collection of essays which was followed in 1948 by Lincoln's Herndon, a study of William Henry Herndon, Lincoln's Illinois law partner and biographer. Although he claimed he originally found Lincoln a tedious subject, Donald's studies of Lincoln's relationships to people close to him would lead him to conclude that he was ambitious, politically shrewd and "much more sensitive and human than I had thought before".
In 1954 Donald edited Inside Lincoln's Cabinet: The Civil War Diaries of Salmon P Chase, and in 1960 edited Why the North Won the Civil War and revised an edition of his Lincoln essays. He also revised his mentor Randall's key 1937 study The Civil War and Reconstruction, and followed it with his own The Politics of Reconstruction (1965), breaking new ground by using statistical analysis to detail how the relative safety of a congressional seat was the prime determinant in how fiercely politicians pursued radical policies.
Donald also taught at Smith, Princeton and Johns Hopkins universities before joining Harvard as Charles Warren professor of history in 1973, a post he held until 1991, when he was made emeritus professor. He was Harmsworth professor of American history at Oxford University (1959-60) and also taught at University College London. His last book, We Are Lincoln Men, a study of the president's friendships, appeared in 2004. At the time of his death, he was working on a study of John Quincy Adams.
He is survived by his wife of 53 years, Aida DiPace Donald, and a son, Bruce.
• David Herbert Donald, historian and biographer, born 1 October 1920; died 17 May 2009<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Kolesterol Alzheimer Riskini Artırıyor
Amerikalı bilim adamları, sinir hücrelerinde bulunan yağ miktarının artmasının, Alzheimer hastalığını tetikleyebildiğini açıkladılar
ABD'nin Seattle kentinde yapılan Amerikan Bilimsel Gelişme Birliği'nin yıllık toplantısında çalışmalarını anlatan bilim adamları,kolesterol ve seramid gibi yağların beyinde birikmesinin, ''zincirlemesinir hücresi bozulması'' sürecini başlatarak, sinir hücrelerini yok ettiğini ve hastalığa yol açtığını belirttiler.
Yaşlanma Enstitüsü Sinir Bilimleri Laboratuvarı yetkilisi Mark Mattson, ''Sinir hücreleri çeperindeki yağ metabolizmasında değişikliklerin Alzheimer'de rol oynadığından şüphelenmiş, fakat bugüne kadar doğrudan bağlantı saptayamamıştık. Bu çalışmayla sinir hücresi çeperindeki yağlarda değişikliklerin, sinirlerin çalışmaz hale gelişine ve ölmesine nasıl yol açtığını anlamış oluyoruz'' dedi.
Mattson'a göre, elde edilen sonuçlar, E vitamini tipi antioksidanların Alzheimer'ı nasıl geciktirdiğini açıklamaya da yarayacak.
Bilim adamları ayrıca, Alzheimer hastalarının beyinlerindeki kolesterol ve seramid düzeylerinin, sağlıklı kişilerde ölçülen düzeylerden daha yüksek olduğunun da belirlendiğini belirttiler.
Mark Mattson, ''Çalışmamız, kolesterol ve seramid içermeyen beslenme alışkanlığı ve ilaç kullanımının, Alzheimer riskini azaltacağını gösteriyor. Araştırma sonuçları şimdilik, alzheimer hastalığını iyileştirmekten ziyade, onu önlemeye yönelik'' dedi.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>All'inizio esaminerò solo una manciata di prodotti. Proverò a mantenerli tutti in questa categoria. Inizierò con le basi: "La chiave è fare tutto il necessario per rendere la tua pelle più giovane e sana". Includerò anche prodotti per una pelle flaccida, come ad esempio: Questa sezione è dedicata a prodotti per pelli "grumose" o "arruffate", come "spazzatura sotto gli occhi" o "un po 'di sporco o batteri sulla pelle". Elencherò i prodotti che utilizzo e quindi fornirò una breve descrizione di ciò che faccio. Questa sezione include anche prodotti per l'acne, come ad esempio: "Uso prodotti che aiutano a rimuovere le cellule morte della pelle, rassodare la pelle, levigare l'acne e ridurre il rossore e l'irritazione". Alcuni di questi prodotti hanno nomi simili, ma sono completamente diversi, quindi li ho elencati in sezioni separate per aiutarli a trovarli. Non esiste una taglia unica, ma ogni tipo di pelle avrà determinate esigenze che devi soddisfare e alcune potrebbero aver bisogno di alcune cose in un ordine diverso o con prodotti diversi. Spero che questo ti possa aiutare e farò del mio meglio per renderlo il più semplice possibile. Se lo trovi utile, apprezzerei molto qualsiasi consiglio o feedback in questa sezione.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Better Call Saul, The Mandalorian ve The Boys’ta makûs adamı oynayan Giancarlo Esposito, canlandırdığı Gus Fring karakterine odaklanan bir spin-off projesi istediğini açıkladı.
Esquire’a röportaj veren Esposito, Breaking Bad’deki vaktinden ve serinin Gus Fring’e odaklanan bir spin-off projesi için oluşan fikrinden bahsetti. Esposito, Breaking Bad’de acımasız bir iş insanı ve uyuşturucu işverenini canlandırmıştı.
Beyazperde’nin aktardığı habere nazaran, Esposito, “Gus’ın nereden geldiğine dair tüm bu kıssayı başımın ardında saklıyorum. Gus’ın siyasi dünyaya yakın olduğunu hissediyorum. Ve buyruğu geldi. O bir askerdi. Ordu dışında müşahede yapma yeteneği kazandı. Takip edemezsen liderlik edemezsin… Başımdaki kıssada askeri bir hükümette yüksek misyondaydı. Orada kalıp ülkeyi yönetebilirdi. Ona teslim edildi ancak kendisine verilen ne olursa olsun, kendi adamı olmak ve kendi gücünü bulmak için farklı bir yol seçti. Bu onun seçtiği şey” dedi.
DİZİNİN İSMİNİ BİLE BELİRLEDİ
Esposito, fikrine daha fazla meşruiyet katmak için aklında bir başlık bile belirlemiş: The Rise of Gus. Altıncı dönemde Esposito, yapacak çok işinin olduğunu söyledi. Bu nedenle, Gus’ın birinci günleri olmasa da Breaking Bad öncesi hakkında daha fazla şey öğreneceğiz üzere görünüyor.
Better Call Saul, Mart 2021’de çekime başlarsa, kısımlar yılın ikinci yarısında AMC’de yayınlanmaya başlayabilir.
Esposito şu günlerde The Mandalorian ve The Boys dizilerinin son dönemlerinde izleyicilerle buluşuyor.
Gazete Duvar<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>本篇文章给大家谈谈世界杯法国对澳大利亚踢爆足球，以及世界杯法国对战葡萄牙对
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Helicopter Regiment (Mi-8 and Mi-24 "Hind" helos). The 19th Motor Rifle includes 3 Motor Rifle regiment (each with a tank battalion), a separate tank regiment (mostly T-72s, I believe), an "Akatsia" 152mm SP artillery regiment; and organic air defense.
Prior to the conflict, apparently the 58th Army was reinforced with some of the newer weapon systems in the Russian arsenal, such as the S-300 long-range SAM, the new MRLS system (forgot the designation, but makes the 220mm Uragan pale by comparison), etc. The 4th Air Army has several regiments of Mig-29 (F-16-like) and Su-27 (F-15-like) fighters as well as Su-24 (F-111 equivalent), Su-25 (A-10-like) and Tu-22 bombers and recon aircraft, plus Mi-24 Hinds and a bunch of transport helicopters.
Oh yes - the final piece of the puzzle were the peacekeeper battalions - 500 Russians and 500 Georgians deployed in each "separatist region" - lightly armed, with only a few BMPs and transport helicopters in each.
Prior to August 8
the Georgians moved two combat brigades with perhaps half the republic's total number of tanks and IFVs,and what looks to be most of their artillery (certainly all of their MRLS systems) up from Gori and towards the gorge that led to Tskhinvali. Additional light infantry forces were activated in the Georgian enclaves inside South Ossetia proper. By this time, there had already been sporadic exchanges of fire between Georgia, Abkhazia and Ossetia for roughly a week, though nothing serious; the Abkhazians did, however, shoot down at least three of the Georgians' unmanned recon aircraft. Meanwhile, the Russians, not being blind, moved five battalions from the 19th Motor Rifle Division closer to the Russian entrance of the Rok Tunnel, and placed the remainder of the 58th Army on yellow alert. Apparently, several other Russian units were activated at this time, namely the two ethnic Chechen battalions ("East" and "West") and certain air assault formations. In addition, about half of Russia's Black Sea Fleet, having recently conducted maneuvers off the Abkhazian and Russian coastlines, remained in the area, within a few hours of the Georgian ports.For their part, the Ossetians placed their forces on red alert and began evacuating civilians from the region (especially Tskhinvali) during the last few days before the war; while the Abkhazi activated their military units but did nothing else for the moment.
The conflict began some time after midnight on August 8. The Georgians claim that they crossed into South Ossetia in response to an Ossetian attack; even if this had been the case, then the massed Georgian forces had been waiting for just such an opportunity - given their carefully prepared plans (see below).The precise sequence of events here diverges based on whom one asks; the Georgians maintain that they first atempted to rush Tskhinvali with a column of troops and tanks, while the Ossetians suggest that the artillery and rocket barrage hit the town first. Notably, the Georgian artillery was already in position to open fire on Tskhinvali at the first sign of resistance before the conflict began, and so the Ossetian version rings truer. Regardless, it is indisputable that in the dawn hours of August 8, parts of Tskhinvali were pounded by Georgian artillery and rocket launchers deployed on the heights east, south, and west of the town, while a large group of Georgians smashed their way in along the southern road. Simultaneously, at least one or two reinforced battalions of the Georgians, plus an unspecified number of "Georgian special forces" (in practice, as it turned out, Georgian soldiers who had been trained not only how to march in time but also to fire their weapons in the general direction of a target) and a couple of artillery batteries attempted to cut the Tskhinvali-Rok Tunnel road some 10-20 kilometers north of the town itself. Other Georgian forces fanned out to attack Ossetian villages around Tskhinvali.
Georgia's plan was, per maps and documents that were later captured by the advancing Russians, to capture Tskhinvali within the first 5-6 hours of the conflict (another reason for why I would think the artillery barrage preceded the column that went into the town, since theoretically that makes more sense than calling in massed artillery bombardments after you're already enmeshed in street battles), establish a firm roadblock north of the town, use the daylight hours of August 8 to rush through most of the remaining Ossetian territory, and present the presumably stunned and bamboozled Russians not only with a fait accompli but also with the daunting proposition of having to smash their way into South Ossetia through a blocked-off choke-point under fire from tanks and artillery. At which point, too, they would be under untold political pressure from the U.S. to keep their paws off the "Democratic (capital D) Republic of Georgia".It was a sound plan. It was a cunning plan. It was, for lack of a better descriptor, a stunningly brilliant plan. With only a few minor problems.
Problem 1. The Ossetians themselves.
It should be noted at this point that the Ossetians as a whole are a very proud people. Martially so, as well. It is said that during World War 2, the Ossetians earned the distinction of having the highest number of Heroes of the Soviet Union per capita, out of all of the USSR's 100 plus nationalities, including the Russians themselves. [The "Hero of the Soviet Union" is the rough equivalent of the Victoria Cross or the Congressional Medal of Honor - with potentially half or more of the awards being made posthumously.] Separately, the Ossetians are not a stupid people, certainly not in matters of war.Somehow or another, it turned out that virtually all of Ossetia's armored vehicles were in "parade" mode, i.e. not battle-ready. Most were blown up by the Ossetians themselves in the first hours of the conflict, or else "evacuated" to the north ahead of time. This left roughly 3,000 light infantry with some marginal artillery and helicopter support. Still, this 3,000 would fight, most likely to the death, which was something the Georgian planners ought to have considered before tasking roughly two combat brigades with securing (securing!!) an area of nearly 4,000 square kilometers in under 18 hours. Even without any resistance (and believe you me, the Osseti population would most definitely attempt to resist, given the ethnic component of the conflict), this would probably have been a somewhat strenuous task, in particular given the limitations of having to move reinforcements and supplies into the region via a single not-very-wide roadway, to say nothing of Ossetia's hilly and less-than-tank-friendly terrain.
Problem 2. The plan's sheer brilliance.
Let's see. Time is of the essence. Speed is of the utmost importance. So let's send the main thrust of our attack straight into the enemy's main city.Let me rephrase that. Let's ignore the fact that said city can be relatively easily bypassed and blasted to bits by tanks and artillery deployed on the heights around it. No. Let's go straight into the damn place. And actually capture every square inch of it. In about 5-6 hours.You know, back during World War 2, the Russians learned very well the place of cities in strategic and operational warfare; speed traps. Actually storming one cost a lot of time and blood, while bypassing one and racing into the enemy's operational rear usually meant that a given garrison would be compelled to flee of its own volition. The Germans trying to physically capture Stalingrad, just as the Russians storming Kiev, Koenigsberg or Berlin, resulted in a total exhaustion of the besiegers; while bypassing all those cities and towns in Belorussia during the June 1944 Soviet offensive meant that the Germans barely had the time to abandon their heavy equipment and race to the rear; similar to what the Germans did to the Russians in June of 1941, before they bogged down in reducing centers of Soviet resistance. Not that this means that there are no times in war when sieges and clearing operations need to be conducted - preferably by the second-echelon troops with ample artillery support (while the first echelon continues to mangle the enemy's operational depths). Yet in this case, speed was the key to the Georgian plan - Ossetia had to be defeated within scant hours, the road north cut and the Rok Tunnel sealed off, with nothing for anyone else to do other than bemoan the Georgian Blitzkrieg. Ah. But instead, we're going to send our main column into an urban battle, granted, inside a town of 20,000 rather than a large city like Stalingrad. Still, narrow streets are bottlenecks and deathtraps to armored vehicles no matter what the scale.
Problem 2.5 - the brilliance continues.
On top of everything said above, the Georgians also had to devise a way of dealing with the 500 Russian peacekeepers deployed in South Ossetia. So what did they decide? Bypass and isolate? No no - surround and assault! Presumably hoping that only a portion of a single combat brigade would suffice to overrun a full battalion of albeit lightly-armed (assault rifles, machine-guns, a few RPGs, a couple of BMP IFVs) peacekeepers while the rest of the force could proceed to subjugate South Ossetia while sticking to the
Brilliant Master Plan's schedule.
Absolutely no margin of error assuming a scintilla of intelligence on the side of the Russians. For, you see, any delay in the Grand Plan of Ossetian Subjugation meant that the Russians could (and did) race down the road from the Rok Tunnel and turn a would-be "fait accompli" into an actual slugfest. See Problems 1 and 2 above for potential sources of said delays.
Apparently this whole concept of the Russian 4th Air Army was not even remotely considered. Let's see. A force with 20-50 ground attack aircraft, some helos and no meaningful AA except for three (3!!) systems which can actually touch medium-to-high altitude Russian aircraft and some ZSU-23s, taking on 3 whole fighter regiments and who knows how many ground attack aircraft. In daylight, for that matter. This definitely fell under the "brilliant idea" heading, unless, of course, the thought process was - we'll secure Ossetia so fast, that the Russians won't have time to get any birds up in the air.I'm not even mentioning the whole "Black Sea Fleet" issue. With Russian marines onboard. And numerous surface-to-surface missiles.
Ah. Problem number five. You see, the Georgians clearly had assumed that their brave troops, trained by equally brave Western advisors (the U.S., Britain, Turkey - the Ukraine, even - all pitched in to one degree or another), as well as their brave officers, would actually conduct themselves with a modicum of tactical skill. Because, you see, a lack of said skill could present a problem insofar as any Blitzkrieg goes. Especially if they happen to run smack into veteran enemies. Put differently, in a conflict involving a Panamanian Army Battalion and a USMC Battalion you'd want to be on the side of the USMC, not the brave Panamanians. In theory, at least.
These problems delineated,
we return to the action of August 8-9.
As mentioned previously, one way or another the Georgians barged their way into Tskhinvali while pounding the city from the heights above. Meanwhile, a second column lunged to cut the road north of Tskhinvali to the Rok Tunnel. The Ossetians were not idiots. They expected pretty much this exact turn of events. Roughly 300 "kamikaze" light infantry remained in Tskhinvali itself, their job to keep the Georgian main column busy for as long as possible. Meanwhile, virtually every other man under arms and every functioning piece of equipment was thrown at the smaller Georgian force attempting to cut the road to the Rok Tunnel. By midday on August 8 (or thereabouts), this smaller Georgian force (quite likely outnumbered by the Ossetians attacking it, though certainly not outgunned) was pushed back away from the north road, though the Georgians could still subject portions of it to artillery and sniper fire. In Tskhinvali, the 300 "Spartans" fought a vicious battle as the Georgians barged their way into town, nearly reaching its center before becoming bogged down in street combat. At least some of the Georgian tanks became separated from their supporting infantry, with three being destroyed in the first hours of the fighting. The total Georgian force - estimated at 3,500-4,000 men - milled about largely in the southern half of the town while artillery pounded the northern side. The Russian peacekeepers around Tskhinvali also proved a tough nut to crack; most of the battalion's buildings and vehicles were destroyed quite quickly, however a good three quarters of the troops remained combat capable and putting up whatever resistance were possible in the face of tank and self-propelled artillery fire over open sights. Still, the battalion CO gave the order to destroy all documents and radios, clearly expecting to be overrun sooner rather than later. In the air, the Georgians sent the occasional SU-25 flight to drop bombs on Tskhinvali or the surrounding villages. The Ossetians' one military airfield, however, remained largely unmolested, and their helicopters began raiding Georgian reinforcement columns. Thus, by some time in the
afternoon on August 8,
a column of 3 Georgian tanks and 8 APCs or IFVs was completely destroyed from the air as it approached the Georgian group in Tskhinvali. Field reports at this juncture indicate that the Georgians aren't following basic "air security" procedures; their vehicle columns are streaming forward with no AA protection of any kind, while their artillery and MRLS crews are piling stacks of shells and rockets right next to the guns and launchers themselves, such that one cannon burst in the general direction of the firing position was usually enough to completely obliterate the gun or launcher and its crew. At the same time, reports also surfaced that the 300 "Spartans" in Tskhinvali managed to somehow trap a chunk of the Georgian force in the town, and had even captured a few of their BMPs and one Humvee (suggesting that the Georgian soldiers had fled rather than put up a fight against an outnumbered and outgunned enemy). The announcement of a captured Hummer drives the Russian general public (as represented by Internet postings of all shapes and sizes) even more up a wall than it had already been. Of course, the "Spartans" are pretty jumpy - the 3 UH-1s beloging to the Ossetians seem to all be shot down by friendly fire from the captured BMPs (who, in turn, had thought that these were Georgian attack helos making a run).
Around 1400-1500 hours local time
the Russian 19th Motor Rifle Division - mobilized that morning - begins to rush through the Rok Tunnel and south towards Tskhinvali. The delay took place partly because it took until morning to determine that this was a full-scale Georgian attack rather than just an especially powerful raid - and because the UN meetings called at Russia's behest could not meet much earlier. By this time, of course, Russian television channels were broadcasting full-on images of frightened Ossetian civilians fleeing the area or digging themselves out from under the rubble of Tskhinvali, crying into the camera about lost loved ones and begging for help. How I love effective TV blitzes...At any rate, by late afternoon on August 8, the Russians engaged the Georgians, first linking up with the Ossetian troops on the northern road and detaching a force to contain the smaller Georgian column, and then pushing into the northern outskirts of Tskhinvali itself. Meanwhile, Russian aircraft and helicopters - plus artillery detachments - began counterbattery fire against the heights around Tskhinvali, although this was not extremely successful.
By midday on August 9
the situation in South Ossetia had changed dramatically. Russian and Ossetian troops surrounded and began to reduce the Georgian pocket in the north, as well as a portion of the Georgian troops in Tskhinvali proper. Meanwhile, the first Russian reinforcements reached the peacekeeper battalion further south, and Russian artillery and aircraft continued to pound the heights around the city. Georgian reinforcement columns were also vigorously attacked. The Georgian troops from the main column - those who had not been trapped in Tskhinvali, at least - began their retreat almost as soon as they saw the Russians entering the town. Certainly some detachments stood and fought, but the majority went back to their "second line" positions to regroup. During the night, the artillery duel continued, and by the morning of August 9 several Georgian tank and infantry attacks had been launched to reach both the trapped Georgian detachments (the one in Tskhinvali and the one alongside the road north); these proved unsuccessful, with the Georgians losing 12 tanks in one attack on Tskhinvali proper. The Georgian government began to move reserves into position, although reports indicate that by this time, the bulk of these were "reservists" who did not have much fight in them. Some ethnic Georgians also began to flee South Ossetia, fearful of reprisals (justifiably so). All throughout, detachments of Georgian troops that had fanned out to the villages on either side of Tskhinvali continued to raze them to the ground with tanks and artillery; mass executions of the civilian populations were reported but not independently confirmed.
On August 10, the main Russian forces were still semi-stuck around Tskhinvali, trying to push the Georgians off the heights while reducing the pockets of resistance in the town proper. The Ossetian troops by now were largely moved to help with securing Tskhinvali and with escorting refugees out of the city and the surrounding areas. In addition to the 19th Motor Rifle Division, several Paratrooper detachments (from the 58th Air Assault Division, I believe) were arriving by aircraft while Russian marines landed in Abkhazia, ostensibly to support the Russian peacekeepers there. Other 58th Army units were also streaming into the area, as were the two Chechen battalions (whose arrival was a welcome surprise some time around the morning of August 10). The Chechen battalions quickly managed to capture enough Georgian BMPs to ferry themselves about and launched an attack towards Gori, which ran into a massive Georgian ambush that caused few casualties but took most of the day to resolve. By this juncture, the 4th Air Army had had enough and began to bomb and strafe airfields in Georgia proper while also patrolling the skies with Su-27 fighters. Reports of
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per migliorare velocità, agilità e rapidità. Questi aiutano a stimolare ciò che accade nell'arena sportiva dove evitare gli avversari e cambiare direzione avviene regolarmente.
Ma cosa significa questo per il resto di noi?
Con tutto l'arresto, l'avvio, l'accelerazione e il cambio di direzione, gli esercizi conici miglioreranno il tempo di reazione, l'equilibrio e il cuore che batte attraverso il petto. E sono anche divertenti.
Usare intervalli di 10 secondi di lavoro, 20 secondi di riposo o 20 secondi di lavoro, 40 secondi di riposo per 10 minuti a 20 minuti funziona bene.
Nota: Un asciugamano è ottimo per le superfici non scivolose per proteggere sia la superficie che il piatto. Se hai un tappeto, non è necessario un asciugamano.
La slitta (o prowler) è un ottimo strumento di condizionamento sia per gli atleti che per la popolazione in generale.
La mancanza di contrazioni eccentriche quando si spinge o si tira la slitta significa che è molto meno probabile che tu ti irriti o impedisca il recupero. Questo lo rende un ottimo allenamento ad alta intensità senza un sacco di stress articolare.
La spinta del piatto di peso è una buona alternativa quando non si ha accesso a una slitta
Vedendo che questo è un intenso esercizio cardio, vai finché non senti il bruciore alle gambe e alla gola, riposa finché entrambi non sono spariti e ricomincia. Credimi, saprai quando ne avrai abbastanza.
[Correlati: 4 esercizi per la parte superiore del corpo che puoi fare solo con i piatti di peso]
Alcuni dei migliori allenamenti cardiovascolari non coinvolgono le macchine. Quando non hai accesso alle macchine cardio o stai cercando varietà per il tuo condizionamento, queste 4 alternative sono un ottimo inizio.
Ricorda solo tutti i benefici per la salute e la vanità quando i tuoi polmoni bruciano e stai aspirando aria.
Nota del redattore: questo articolo è un editoriale. Le opinioni espresse nel presente documento e nel video sono dell'autore e non riflettono necessariamente le opinioni di BarBend. Reclami, affermazioni, opinioni e citazioni sono state fornite esclusivamente dall'autore.
1. Erickson KI1, et al. L'allenamento fisico aumenta le dimensioni dell'ippocampo e migliora la memoria. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 31 gennaio 2011.108 (7): 3017-22.
2. Schleppenbach LN, et al. Allenamento a intervalli ad alta intensità basato sulla velocità e sul circuito sul consumo di ossigeno per il recupero. Int J Esercizio Sci. 1 novembre 2017; 10 (7): 942-953.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Mummification is the process of preserving a dead body as a mummy. Egyptians typically removed the major organs from a corpse as part of the mummification process.For a long time, it was believed that mummification was about preserving bodies after death, yet a new theory states that its purpose was to help the deceased reach divinity, according to researchers from the University of Manchester’s Manchester Museum.This misconception began with Victorian researchers, who wrongly determined that ancient Egyptians were preserving their dead just as they might preserve fish: with salt.
“The idea was that you preserve fish to eat at some future time,” Price said. “So, they assumed that what was being done to the human body was the same as the treatment for fish.”
However, the salty substances used in these processes were different. A key ingredient in mummification was not just salt, but a naturally occurring mineral, known as natron, which was also used in temple rituals for cleansing.
Scientists point out that another material – senetjer – which literally means ‘to make divine’, is usually associated with mummies.
“When you’re burning incense in a temple, that’s appropriate because that’s the house of a god and makes the space divine. But then when you’re using incense resins on the body, you’re making the body divine and into a godly being. You’re not necessarily preserving it.”
According to this new concept, removing the internal organs and placing bodies within sarcophaguses have a deeper meaning and may symbolize giving the body divine status and the idealized image of the divine form, respectively.
This article is originally published at Sputnik.com<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>A fence is a structure that can support itself upright, designed in order to restrict or halt a good amount of movement from within the territory that it is protecting. A fence is considered different from a wall in terms of its construction, as it is much lighter and does not always obstruct a person's vision. Walls are also commonly created using concrete, bricks, or wood and are generally heavier and a lot more solid. There are many general uses for a fence.
Fences are most commonly used in agriculture. In such cases, a fence is used in order to keep a farm's livestock safe from predators, as it will keep the domesticated animals within its borders and the predatory animals outside. Fences are also used in order to give privacy to any private property. Fences are also used as temporary protection, in most cases providing security as well as safety for construction sites and the like. Homes also occasionally use different types of fencing in order to mark territory and to protect children and pets from moving into unsafe territory. Sometimes, a fence is also used for decorative purposes. In scenarios like that, fences are used to enhance landscaping, gardens, and other properties and do not always border entire land areas.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Routers forward packets between subnets.
Forwarding means accepting a packet from one interface, and shipping out the same exact packet from a different interface. Both interfaces must be within different subnets. Corollary: a router by definition has two network interfaces.
In the plain vanilla case nothing changes in the packet except the TTL (ipv4) or Hop Limit (ipv6) is decremented, and the router tosses the packet if 0.
Obviously the router is well positioned for a packet filter, firewall, etc. to modify outgoing or incoming traffic but such functions are not forwarding/routing per se.
The source IP is not changed unless network address translation is being used, as is the case with most consumer and many business network routers. With NAT, the source IP becomes the router's IP, and router needs to remember that anything coming back from that packet's destination address is really meant for the original system that sent it.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Autolysis. Brewing yeasts are remarkably robust organisms armed with strong cell walls and protective abilities to survive in acid conditions and alcoholic solutions. However, they are not immortal and will eventually succumb to a variety of stresses during fermentation, conditioning, and prolonged storage. Autolysis is the final result of these stresses, where the vacuolar membranes inside the yeast disintegrate; releasing hydrolytic enzymes that cause the cells to burst open, releasing the contents of the cell into the beer. The word “autolysis” essentially means “self-destruction.”
This autolysis has a number of consequences, the two most important of which are flavor changes and enzymatic digestion.
Flavor changes are readily noted as the general characteristic sometimes termed “yeast bite.” This is generally a sharp, bitter taste with a meaty and sulphury edge caused by some of the amino acids and nucleotides present in yeast. If yeast is in high concentrations, these compounds can increase the pH of the beer and alter its acidity, also changing flavor. Finally, lipid release may increase the chance of rancidity. The meaty aroma of autolyzed yeast is so powerful that it is an important flavor additive in the food industry, adding “meat” flavor to everything from soups to “barbecue flavor” potato chips.
Enzymatic digestion is particularly related to proteases which leak from the cell and then digest the proteins in beer. A major consequence of this is a reduction in head retention, resulting in turn in a rapid collapse of foam and the impression of a flat beer. Hazes may be accelerated. In bottle- conditioned beers, enzymatic digestion of complex sugars into simpler sugars can actually re-start fermentation by still-living yeast cells in the bottle, causing over-carbonation and other problems.
Many causes may be cited for autolysis, not least simple old age. However, poor handling of yeast and beer will accelerate autolysis. Common examples are high temperatures, particularly above 25°C, or sudden changes in temperature at pitching or at chilling, and osmotic shock where yeast is pitched into high gravity worts. Some yeast strains may be inherently sensitive to conditions such as high alcohol, high carbonation, and high acidity and autolyse faster than others. In other conditions extensive re-pitching of yeast from batch to batch may create stress, as can the presence of contaminants including lactic acid bacteria and other yeast species.
While autolysis flavors are generally considered negative in beer, they are often considered positive in wine, especially vintage Champagne, where they comprise a large part the famed “sur lie” (on sediment) flavor and aroma. This aroma is often described as “toasty” or “hazelnuts” in the wine context, and the flavors are considered to be consistent with umami characteristics. Similarly, when bottle-conditioned beers are aged on yeast, similar flavors can eventually arise from autolysis, and in balance with other flavors and aromas, they can be very pleasant.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>On Tuesday, Oct. 25, Future Tense will host an event in Washington, D.C., on how technology is changing the nature of ownership. For more information and to RSVP, visit the New America website.
It’s always in the fine print. When Tesla announced its upcoming models, the company said all of the cars could be used as driverless vehicles—but not, in some circumstances, for Uber-style activities outside of a service Tesla itself plans to announce.
“[U]sing a self-driving Tesla for car sharing and ride hailing for friends and family is fine, but doing so for revenue purposes will only be permissible on the Tesla Network, details of which will be released next year,” the company said on a webpage listing features and terms.
Tesla’s warning to future customers was only the latest demonstration of our emerging “you don’t own it, you’re just using it” world. It’s bad enough when we’re restricted in using media, games, and so many other things. It’s more than that when we start applying the notion to fundamental parts of our lives, such as our ability to get where we need to go.
This is why the seemingly unstoppable move toward autonomous vehicles—cars guided and controlled by a networked combination of internal and external sensors and computers—has implications far beyond proponents’ hoo-rah boosterism. Unquestionably, vehicles not controlled directly by humans would be a huge benefit in some ways.
But the word directly is important. Autonomous cars will still be controlled by humans, in a way. They’ll be controlled via algorithms—computer programs written by human computer programmers who design the systems for specific goals and outcomes.
The goals would mostly be laudable: more efficiency in using the roads, leading to lower construction costs; fewer accidents that cause death, injury, and damage to property; better options for people, such as the elderly, who shouldn’t be driving; among other things.
But if Tesla can prevent you from operating your car in a way it finds objectionable from a business standpoint, it—or Ford, GM, Toyota, or any other manufacturer—could make similar choices, choices that go well beyond ride-sharing. Cars controlled by centralized companies—and governments that will regulate them—will be a nightmare for privacy and liberty, especially the latter.
When a small group of large companies sells most of our cars, you can bet they’ll all insist on as much control as possible and as little for you as they can get away with. Even now, cars can be disabled remotely when a borrower falls behind on a car loan; imagine a day when the lender (often the car company) simply brings the vehicle back to the lot and invites the passenger to get out. Worse: We already have an opaque and unfair “no fly” list. Our “no drive” list is, essentially, people who don’t have licenses—an easily extensible notion with autonomous cars. But what happens when there’s a “no travel” list that prevents certain people from even riding in a car? It’s coming.
I admire Elon Musk’s vision and drive (pun intended). With Tesla and, more so, SpaceX, he and his colleagues are pushing us into a future that will take advantage of technology in often-disruptive but also valuable ways.
But Tesla’s upcoming restrictions are a part of the future that we need to prevent. It may be good business for Elon Musk and his shareholders to tell us what we may or may not do with the company’s very expensive cars. In fact, when it comes to how you will use a vehicle you purchase, it should be your business, as long as you’re not breaking the law, and no one else’s.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>What Happens During PDT (Photodynamic Therapy) for Lung Cancer
You can usually have PDT as an outpatient, meaning you do not have to stay in the hospital. A trained nurse or doctor injects you with a drug called Photofrin (porfimer sodium). You'll be sent home for 24 to 72 hours while your cells absorb the drug. The drug will leave most of your normal cells during this time, but it will stay longer in cancer cells and the cells of the skin.
You'll go back to the clinic or hospital for the next phase of this treatment. You'll get either local anesthesia (numbing medicine) or general anesthesia, which will make you fall asleep. Then, a pulmonologist will thread a thin and flexible, lighted tube called a bronchoscope through your airways. This tube allows your doctor to see inside your lung and direct a special wavelength of laser light directly at your tumor. Photofrin is a photosensitizing agent, which means that it reacts to a specific wavelength of light. When the doctor shines the special laser light over the tumor, it absorbs the light and produces a form of oxygen that kills cancer cells. The light is directed at the tumor for five to 40 minutes depending on its size. PDT may also work by damaging blood vessels in the tumor so that cancer cannot get the nutrients it needs to grow, or by activating your immune system so that it attacks the tumor. You can usually go home a few hours after awakening from the anesthetic.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Editor’s Note: In view of Antibiotics Awareness Week, which is November 13-19, 2017, guest columnist Iruka N Okeke, of the Faculty of Pharmacy in the University of Ibadan, unpacks the importance of antibiotics and the need to be cognizant of the steps we all can take to reduce antibiotic resistance, to ensure that these life-saving medicines remain active in the next generation.
On the surface, it is strange to observe ‘Antibiotic Awareness’ week as almost everyone on the globe is aware of antibiotics. Just like the hyper-recognizable Mickey Mouse, who debuted in 1928, the same year that penicillin was discovered, antibiotics are very well known. Mickey Mouse’s impact though is dwarfed by that of antibiotics, which are responsible for the phenomenal progress humans have made with controlling infectious disease, performing the most invasive and intricate surgeries in which most patients survive and even using what would have been ‘poisonous’ chemotherapeutics to battle cancer.
Antibiotics are powerful medicines that fight certain infections and can save lives when used properly. They either stop bacteria from reproducing or destroy them. Antibiotics have been used to stamp out what would have been economically devastating disease outbreaks on farms, contributed to drastic declines in terrible diseases like syphilis, yaws and trachoma and made it possible for us to understand how living things work. Take away all of this, and there would be little left to medicine and health care as we know it today. These advances have been remarkable, but all could be lost in a grim tomorrow because of a growing resistance to antibiotics.
Antibiotic resistance is the ability of bacteria to resist the effects of an antibiotic. This occurs when bacteria change in a way that reduces the effectiveness of drugs, chemicals, or other agents designed to cure or prevent infections. The bacteria survive and continue to multiply, causing more harm. Antibiotic resistance can cause illnesses that were once easily treatable with antibiotics to become dangerous infections. It can spread to family members, schoolmates, and co-workers, and may threaten your community. Antibiotic-resistant bacteria are often more difficult to kill and more expensive to treat. In some cases, the antibiotic-resistant infections can lead to serious disability or even death. It has been called one of the world’s most pressing public health problems.
Although some people think a person becomes resistant to specific drugs, it is the bacteria, not the person, that become resistant to the drugs.
One of the most alarming facts about antibiotic resistance is that it is biologically inevitable. All living things, bacteria included, change their genomes spontaneously, without warning. Most times the results of these changes are undetectable or deleterious but sometimes they can cause something that we will notice: like previously susceptible bacterial strains being able to evade a powerful antibiotic. As un-empowering as this chance switch to resistance is, it rarely leads to real consequences unless human beings muddy the water. In short, the antibiotic resistance epidemic we have now is not a clinical inevitability but a consequence of human choices and actions. Every time you use an antibiotic, you give a genetically altered resistant bacterium a chance to thrive and outcompete sensitive bacteria that would normally have subdued it. This may be worth it if you are dying of a bacterial infection and there is no other route to your recovery. But if there is nothing of the sort wrong with you, then taking that antibiotic is a careless mistake at best, or the beginning of another chapter in the tragedy of antibiotic resistance.
The key to avoiding an antibiotic resistance catastrophe is conserving these cheap but powerful drugs for only the instances when we have no alternative and to reducing the burden from infectious disease so that those ‘no alternative’ moments become fewer and fewer. In Nigeria and other countries like ours, where infections are shockingly common, dealing with roadblocks to safe water supply, vaccine access, food safety and sanitation are key to improving the quality and expectancy of life, as well as for conserving antibiotics. Also, health professionals need better tools to help them pinpoint true bacterial infections and more reliable drug supplies to treat them rapidly and effectively the first time.
What can the ordinary citizen do to make sure that antibiotics will be available for our next generation?
- Take care of yourself and your family to avoid infections. Just keeping clean, eating right and getting the right vaccinations can go a long way to ensuring your overall wellness with the added benefit of containing resistance
- Discourage inappropriate use of antibiotics in health and agricultural settings
- If you are ill, Think Twice, Seek Advice. (And
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part of this tetralogy.
£700 – The price paid for the construction of James Burbidge's 'Theatre' in Shoreditch – the probable site of the first performance of Shakespeare's Richard II. Latterly Burbidge's Theatre, which was built in 1576, was subsequently dismantled and rebuilt in 1599 across the river Thames.
Rather than continuing with the name the 'Theatre', the re-assembled playhouse built by Burbidge took on a new name that was to become ubiquitous to the performance of Shakespeare plays to the present day – namely 'The Globe'.
9 – The number of editions of the play to appear before 1642 – a date synonymous with the onsetr of the English Civil Wars.
29 August 1597 – The date on which Elizabethan bookseller Andrew Wise paid the Stationers Company for the licence to publish the play for public sale.
1597 – The year Shakespeare is thought to have written Henry IV Part I.
1402/03 – The period covered by Henry IV Part I. This begins with Hotspur's battle at Homildon against the Douglas, and concludes with the rebel defeat at Shrewsbury in 1403.
1587 – The year Raphael Holinshed's the Third Volume of Chronicles are published. This publication, which itself drew upon Edward Hall's The Union, is thought to have been Shakespeare's main source of information for the play dealing with competing houses (or families) of Lancaster and York.
25 – The date, in February 1598, that Henry IV Part I was entered into the Register of the Stationers Company.
6 – The number of characters to become involved in swordfights - Douglas, Blunt, King Henry, Prince Hal, Hotspur, and Falstaff.
1597 – The year Henry IV Part I was first performed. Whilst it proved extremely popular, this play gave rise to a serious controversy. This was due to the fact that the comic character Sir John Falstaff was originally named Sir John Oldcastle, a famous Lollard martyr. Chief amongst those to object this was the 10th Lord Cobham, Oldcastle's direct descendent.
II – The 'part' of Henry IV where Shakespeare, in response to the Oldcastle controversy, placed a disclaimer in his epilogue.
1599 – The year Henry IV Part I is first printed by the stationer Andrew Wise. The play was to prove extremely popular, and successive editions appeared in 1599, 1604, 1608, 1613, 1622, 1632, 1639, and 1692.
1600 – The earliest recorded performance which occurred on the afternoon of 6 March. Among the audience was the Flemish Ambassador, Ludovik Verreyken.
62 – The length, in lines, of the longest speech found in Henry IV Part I. This speech is given by the central character, Henry IV.
1597/98 - Henry IV, Part II is written in this period.
1599 – Shakespeare's contemporary Ben Jonson mentions Henry IV, Part II in his own play Every Man Out of His Humour.
1596-1597 – In the absence of any written record, it is thought that the earliest performance of Henry IV Part II occurred within this period, possibly alongside Henry IV Part I, during the winter season of these consecutive years.
1600 – A Quarto of Shakespeare's plays are printed, possibly from Shakespeare's foul papers. Foul Papers are working drafts produced by the author.
1623 – Henry IV Part II is published in the First folio. This folio includes 8 passages that had been omitted from the earlier quarto, and contains a number of variations in the text. This, it has been suggested, was due to having been printed from a manuscript intended for stage use.
1415 – The period covered in Henry V which deals with the events preceding, during, and after tha battle of Agincourt – a conflict that took place within the context of the Hundred Years War.
1599 – Shakespeare writes Henry V.
1605 – The earliest confirmed production of Henry V at the Court of James I, with the earliest unconfirmed production possibly taking place in 1599 at the newly built Globe Theatre.
1944 – The year in which Laurence Olivier's film drew upon the patriotic overtones of Shakespeare's play, for the purposes of boosting morale on the British Home Front. The film, which cost £475 to produce, resulted in an Academy Honorary Award for Olivier, and was a firm favourite at the box office.
25 – The date, in October, when Henry V gives his famous St Crisipin's Day speech to the English forces massed at Agincourt in Shakespeare's play. This speech was an integral part to the later 1944 screen adaptation of the film, which contained the famous line 'the fewer men, the greater share of honour'.
Read more facts about William Shakespeare plays
© 2012 - Dave Fowler, History in Numbers. All third party trademarks are hereby acknowledged.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>queste nel bosco e si deve cacciare gli animali con il tuo arco e frecce. gioca con
aiutare questo camaleonte caccia alle zanzare e vespe per fermare preoccuparsi di lui. giocato con il mouse
è necessario distruggere tutti i bug che trovate nel cueva.utiliza il mouse per giocare .
si deve aiutare il drago di mangiare tutte le mosche che possono distruggere le bottiglie pocimas.utiliza il mouse per giocare
abiti da questo ragazzo di dragon ball z per una lotta contro i loro avversari. giocato con il mouse<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Lo Stato Islamico ha rivendicato il duplice attacco coordinato in Israele, dove una poliziotta israeliana di 22 anni è rimasta uccisa e alcune persone sono state ferite. Ma poche ore più tardi arriva la smentita riceve di Hamas, che ha sua volta si assume la paternità dell’attacco. “Le affermazioni dell’Isis – ha detto Izzat El-Reshiq – sono un tentativo di confondere le acque”.
“L’attacco è stato condotto da due palestinesi del Fronte Popolare per la liberazione della Palestina e un membro della nostra organizzazione”, ha continuato, e anche il Fronte ha confermato.
La giovane agente, Hadas Malka, è stata subito ricoverata nell’Ospedale Hadassah sul Monte Scopus in condizioni gravi e poche ore dopo è morta a causa delle coltellate ricevute. Un altro agente è stato ricoverato con ferite più lievi. La polizia ha parlato anche, ma senza specificarne il numero, di passanti rimasti feriti “a causa dell’attacco” stesso: secondo alcune fonti sarebbero due palestinesi, altri parlano di cinque.
I fatti sono avvenuti nella sera del terzo venerdì di Ramadan e all’inizio dello shabbat, il riposo ebraico. Secondo una prima ricostruzione fornita dalla polizia israeliana, nel primo assalto, quello alla Porta di Damasco, un palestinese ha accoltellato la poliziotta e poi è stato ucciso da altri agenti israeliani. Nel secondo attacco, quello di Via Suleiman, due aggressori hanno usato oltre ai coltelli un fucile rudimentale che però si sarebbe inceppato impedendo un bilancio più grave. I due terroristi sono stati uccisi dal gruppo di agenti israeliani che avevano subito l’assalto.
Dopo l’attentato Israele ha annullato i permessi di ingresso concessi in precedenza a 25mila palestinesi in occasione del mese del Ramadan. Lo ha reso noto il Coordinatore delle attività israeliane nei Territori, il generale Yoav Mordechai, citato dalla radio militare. In particolare l’alto ufficiale ha polemizzato con al-Fatah, che ha condannato Israele per la uccisione dei tre assalitori.
“Avete distrutto l’atmosfera del Ramadan fra gli abitanti della Giudea-Samaria (Cisgiordania)” ha osservato Mordechai, aggiungendo con sentimento di rivalsa: “In seguito all’attacco criminale abbiamo annullato 25mila permessi. Chi semina vento raccoglie tempesta”.
[Photocredit: Quotidiano.net]<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>If you're hunting for food on a pitch-black night, it helps to bring a flashlight.
That's exactly how reef-dwelling Anomalops katoptron fish find and gobble up their planktonic prey, German scientists found.
Splitfin flashlight fish have bean-shaped organs beneath their eyes that host light-producing bacteria. The fish can turn this light on and off by blinking, sending Morse code-like signals into the deep abyss.
While many other ocean creatures are bioluminescent, relatively little is known about reason for this particular fish's blinking patterns.
The scientists, who published their findings this week in the journal PLOS ONE, sought to learn just how these fish use their "flashlights."
Jens Hellinger, a zoologist with Ruhr-University Bochum in Germany, and other researchers studied the school of flashlight fish in artificial coral reef tanks under various lab conditions.
In the darkness of night, the fish blinked very frequently, at about 90 blinks per minute, the team found. The fish's lights were on and off for roughly the same length of time.
But when the fish detected living planktonic prey at night, they kept their lights on longer. Fish in the experimental tank blinked five times less frequently than they did when there wasn't any prey around.
During the day, when fish retreated to a cave inside the tank, they blinked only about nine times per minute, with longer stretches of off-time for their flashlight organs.
All this suggests that splitfin flashlight fish use their bioluminescent light to detect prey during the night, Hellinger said in a news release. They also adjust their blinking frequency to fit their current situation.
However, the findings are still preliminary, the researchers noted.
Hellinger and his colleagues said additional field research is needed to see whether Anomalops katoptron display the same behavior outside the lab and in the wild.
In their natural environment, in the Banda Sea near Indonesia, the flashlight fish live in coral reefs. They're typically more active on moonless nights and spend their days tucked inside reef caves and crevices.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>发布时间：2020-09-19 23:42:32 阅读量：8373 作者：黎昕
目前，《雷神2》《冰与火之歌》导演艾伦·泰勒已接过了《终结者》三部曲重启的导棒娱乐圈乱到无法想象。演员方面，《终结者》系列代言人阿诺·施瓦辛格将回归出演。《冰与火之歌》中的“龙女”艾米莉亚·克拉克则有望出演Sarah Connor一角。
即将到来的2014年，是《终结者》诞生30周年的大日子。
对于该系列的粉丝来讲，最近更是好消息不断，除了电影版三部曲准备重启之外，安纳布尔纳影业和派拉蒙还会联手合作，同时打造美剧版本。
根据《好莱坞报道者》的描述，美剧版的故事将和全新电影三部曲相呼应，都是以1984年第一部《终结者》电影的某个关键时刻为起点，并且选取不同的两个叙述方向。但随着剧情进展，电影版和美剧版会在某些时候产生令人惊喜的交集，迸发出戏剧性的火花。
至于美剧版《终结者》方面，编剧正是《雷神》《X战警：第一战》的编剧扎克·施坦茨。早在2008年，他就已经参与撰写过以Sarah Connor为主人公的美剧《终结者外传》。
享年73岁，家属也随即发表简单声明娱乐圈乱到无法想象。李泰祥去年11月因甲状腺癌恶化住院，生前创作《橄榄树》等脍炙人口的作品。他的得意门生，同时也是他的前弟媳齐豫，去年12月8日曾到病房探视，没想到这也是两人的最后一面。原定1月5日于台南举办一场李泰祥歌乐经典音乐会，随着李泰祥的病逝也将成追思会。
被问及有没有怀念当老师的那段时光，祖峰透露了些许谦虚甚至自责的意思。他说自己在学校教课那几年和学生相处得不太好：“我在做老师的时候老绷着，没有把自己打开。那段时间，我很羡慕那些老教师，他们完全可以用自己的语言和举动来调动那些孩子，但我做不到。”但是，当老师也让他受益良多：“受益最多的在于学会怎么去与人沟通、与人相处。当然，我也喜欢当年那个羞涩地藏在角落里的自己，所以直到现在我很多时候都不愿意出门，怕自己被影响。”祖峰很享受那种没人认识他的状态：“我还可以去逛公园、去超市，没人认识我，挺好的。”他也曾在接受采访时说：“变得众人皆知也没什么不好，但可能会失去自我，我觉得那比较可怕。每一个人，不光是做演员的，丢失自己是最可怕的。”
驱魔人爱上死对头女巫会发生什么样的故事呢？由传奇影业出品的魔幻电影《第七子：降魔之战》日前发布一支全新特辑，特辑主打影片中的禁忌爱情元素。该片目前北美的档期是2015年2月6日，中国内地确定引进将以3D、IMAX3D版本于2015年1月上映。
12月20日23:38，文章发布微博称“一步之遥，我们参与的每一个人都在拿命招呼，是良心作品！姜文带着我们爱着您，您品出来了吗？”电影中姜文扮演的马走日曾教育文章扮演的武七，求人办事要称“您”，文章代入角色，为目前正在上映、处在舆论风口浪尖的《一步之遥》说话。
早在2013年，网上就传出“《甄嬛传》英文预告片”，片头出现“福克斯探照灯公司”的标志，一度被认为该剧将由福克斯探照灯影业引入美国，后被证实是网友恶搞作品。这一次发布的片头可是如假包换的真货。
东方卫视《王牌帮帮忙》《中国达人秀》《中国梦之声》《笑傲江湖》《80后脱口秀》在2015年，东方卫视的王牌节目《中国达人秀》、《中国梦之声》、《笑傲江湖》、《80后脱口秀》等都将上演续集。
不仅如此，最让海清头疼的，还有充满风险的战争戏。据透露，在拍摄期间，海清还一度意外受伤，眼角被枪口撞到，险些破相，“我想我是靠脸吃饭的啊，太不值了。当时伤口消肿差不多用了一个多月，光结痂就十几天，每天卸妆都很痛苦。”
相对的，在3中的上校，为了挽救仅存的人类，不断对猩猩举起屠刀。在面对猩猩的问题上，他毫无“人性”可言。
电视剧《中国式离婚》由中国作家王海鸰同名小说改编，该小说被称为现代版的围城，它通过三个家庭和一个已经离异的家庭，来展示中国人的婚姻现状，揭示不同年龄段的夫妻在婚姻契约下心、身和身心的三种背叛，从而导致家的变化。
电视剧《中国式离婚》由中国作家王海鸰同名小说改编，该小说被称为现代版的围城，它通过三个家庭和一个已经离异的家庭，来展示中国人的婚姻现状，揭示不同年龄段的夫妻在婚姻契约下心、身和身心的三种背叛，从而导致家的变化。
张亮诉称，2014年10月，他获悉在内蒙古财经大学的食堂门口和食堂的二层，开张了一家“张亮麻辣烫”，而在餐饮窗口内的墙面上则使用了他和儿子天天的合影娱乐圈乱到无法想象。此后，他又了解到，这家高校的食堂是由内蒙古浩翔餐饮有限责任公司负责经营的，而哈尔滨市张亮餐饮有限公司则是食堂中“张亮麻辣烫”的全国总代理。
你看不出这种拍出来没人看，甚至在拍前都知道不会有人看的片，有何拍和排的必要。但是，在唯利是图，急功近利的“扎钱界”，这不仅必要而且是必然的：一个草台班子，不管何种手段，只要能扎到钱就成；不管出于何种目的，只要投资了，最终也必须要看到出货；而这个货，对于草台发行班子，又是必需品。这像是一条食物链，但却不是健康绿色食品，而像是食腐动物专属分支链条。而院线自然不傻，虽也有高品质艺术片遭遇“一日游”，那也是目前受众小的市场原因，但对这种散发着腐臭的烂片系，在商言商的院线方，就算收钱放水，最终也不会排映。
来自启东的网友说：评论时间：2020-09-19
爱情是一种奥妙，在爱情中出现籍口时，
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所有操纵都非常简单。它足以打开连接器中的电缆 - 电视上的智能电视的复杂设置不需要。
- 连接所需的电线相对便宜 - 并且在任何情况下比特殊控制台或适配器便宜。
- 理论上可以发生的绝对大多数连接故障通过最基本的方式解决：电缆被替换。
将电视连接到网络的原则非常简单：以太网线在电视案例上插入连接器的第一次接触，然后在路由器上或在路由器中或在分离器中或另一个分布Internet信号设备。自动主设置完成后，您可以开始查看智能性;如果需要 - 手动调整非令人满意的参数。
方法＃2：WiFi无线连接
我们将在本节中讨论的第二种方式涉及使用Wi-Fi网络视频和音频流。只有在您有内置的数据收据模块时才可以实现它。但是，如果不是，请不要气馁：您可以始终使用通常连接到USB连接器的特殊适配器。
如果通过路由器连接，则肯定需要先配置它。讲述如何将Wi-Fi连接到智能电视最简单的方式。确保发射机应原样，或根据需要通过连接外部适配器时，您必须在Wi-Fi（下文中的连接之间找到连接部分。我们将为不同电视制造商提供WiFi设置的示例。
在此之后，您需要在可用于连接网络的屏幕上运行搜索。选择合适的一个，希望您具有恒定稳定的访问权限。我们不建议使用公共点：所以您可以感染电视病毒。
当作出选择时，电视会提示你输入从网络接入码 - 当然，如果最后被固定。安装连接后，您可以享受智能电视的所有喜悦。清除一般指令中无法预测的复杂时刻将有助于将手册附加到制造商的模型中，我们将谈论下面的几个。该文档必须包含所有重要信息：连接的规则和程序，在特定模型上使用智能电视功能的功能。
现在展示如何在电视上配置连接：
- 智能电视的任何配置都以路由器和电视性能开头。
- 确保有一个Internet信号后，需要如有必要，将适配器插入端口端口。如果电视上有内置的Wi-Fi模块，则不需要任何其他设备。
- 现在打开智能电视系统设置。
- 部分时 “菜单” 将开放，转到小节 “网” 。现在你需要打开项目 “网络配置” .
- 运行自动扫描。它将有助于检测可用于连接的无线网络。
- 选择您的Wi-Fi，通过单击相应的列表行来指示它。
- 按“开始”，运行同步。根据需要，在新字段中输入从网络中的密码。
确认数据后，您可以轻松欣赏智能电视的观看。
方法＃3：使用即插即用或WPS技术连接
现代技术大大简化了电视连接过程与互联网上的电视连接过程如此之大，即当使用有线方法时，连接也很容易。强制性条件，无论哪些连接智能电视在电视上都是不可能的 - 在路由器（通过它将进行通信）和电视中的这种选项的存在。
连接设备 WPS。 用三个简单的步骤进行：
- 您转到公共电视设置，查找并打开WPS项。如果在任何地方都没有，您可以安全地跳过此方法并进入下一个方法。
- 在路由器上按下具有完全相同的名称的按钮。
- 必须在接下来的几秒钟内安装连接。如果成功，您将在连接智能电视的电视屏幕上看到相应的通知。
技术 即插即用 类似于上述描述允许您将智能电视连接到全局网络，以略微不同：
- 您将任何闪存载体插入工作路由器。
- 当托管在壳体上的灯光指示器时，取出闪存驱动器。
- 将其插入电视盒上的任何免费端口。
- 在接下来的几秒钟内，必须识别设备 - 并且内置操作系统将自动启动设置过程。
当和此阶段将通过时，您可以拉出驱动器 - 安装路由器和电视之间的连接。
方法＃4：将电视连接到计算机
运行以下任务，将智能电视连接到计算机，与以前的智能电视不重要。在这种情况下，为了与互联网进行通信，您需要一个工作电视和PC或笔记本电脑，已经连接到全局网络。与前面的示例一样，可以以两种方式设置连接：
- 有线 - 这次由HDMI电缆。
- 无线 - 使用Wi-Fi Home网络。
利用第一种方法，您实际上剥夺了电视直接连接到互联网。您只能在电视视频和电影上运行在计算机的内存 - 或将PC转换为大屏幕，因为与全局网络的通信仍保持在计算机或笔记本电脑级别。
使用Wi-Fi的连接将允许您直接从电视访问在线数据 - TRUE，因为在这种情况下，您只需与路由器连接，此选项与网络的常用智能电视连接没有不同。随后的设置以相同的方式执行。阅读更多，如何将电视连接到计算机，我们在文章中介绍了链接。
方法＃5：连接智能控制台
它恰好您的电视根本不支持与全局网络通信的功能。在这种情况下，该指令将有助于如何将智能电视连接到电视。通过购买特殊设备，通常是小型且易于连接的，类似于迷你平板电脑，可以轻松解决任务。通常，您需要配置智能性：
- 电视，在外壳上，其中至少有一个HDMI标准连接器。
- 实际上是提前获得的前缀。
- 如果设置中没有控制台 - 任何机械手要配置连接：鼠标，键盘，触摸板。
一切都准备好了，您可以进入该过程：
- 将控制台附带的电缆插入电视盒上的相应连接器。如有必要，您可以使用特殊的扩展线。
- 使用制造商提供的第二个电缆确保电源控制台 - 通常是USB。
- 此外，您还可以将额外的控制设备连接到控制台：鼠标，触摸板等。
- 通过联系电视设置，选择HDMI源作为新的信号源 - 用于连接的HDMI源。
- 成功完成同步时，打开设置设置（ 环境。 s），找到一个项目 无线上网 与全局网络连接。您可以继续使用其他设置将智能电视连接到Internet：日期，时间等。
- 在主页面上，选择哪些在线数据想要在宽对角线上查看。
要返回普通电视频道，请勿在会话完成时忘记转到先前的信号源。
第2章：来自不同电视制造商的智能电视设置
在Xiaomi TV配置智能电视连接
- 选择该地区。
- 我们搜索频道。
- 去B. 电视直播。 渠道将可用的地方。
在松下电视上连接智能电视连接
要配置网络连接，请按照说明操作：
- 登录菜单项 “网” 和分段 “网络连接” .
- 选择快速设置并等待网络。
- 电视将提供可用网络列表。
- 接下来，您需要从WiFi网络输入密码。
- 通过网络电缆连接时，请执行项目1和2，之后电视本身连接到互联网。
通过DVB-C设置通道的示例：
- 按键 “菜单” 在遥控器上
- 去B. “设置” .
- 选择物品 “DVB-C设置菜单” .
- 点击 “自动调节” .
- “搜索模式” 安装 “所有渠道” .
- “扫描模式” 放 “满的” .
- “频率” – “汽车” .
- “象征速度” - 6875。
- “网络ID” - 一。
- 按 “开始扫描” .
- 我们等待全频道扫描。
在飞利浦电视上配置智能电视连接
- 选择一个国家。
- 选择一个城市。
- 单击菜单项 “连接到网络” .
- 选择连接类型 “无线的” 或者 “有线” 。我们有一个通过Wi-Fi连接的示例。
- 按 “扫描” .
- 选择您的WiFi网络。
- 从WiFi网络输入密码。
- 必须出现关于成功电视连接的消息。
- 然后去智能电视。
在DEXP电视上配置智能电视连接
- 转到菜单项 “网” .
- 选择与网络的连接类型。
- 我们连接到无线网络，选择它。
- 接下来，可以进入智能电视选项足够。
连接索尼电视上的智能电视连接
- 按下按钮 “家。 »在遥控器上
- 输入菜单 “设置” .
- 去分段 “网” .
- 我们进入B. “网络设置” .
- 段落 “设置网络连接” .
- 选择一个简单的网络设置。
- 如果要连接WiFi TV以选择所需的设置项。当跨双绞线连接时，您无需选择电视以自动查找互联网。
- 开始扫描WiFi网络。
- 输入密码到Wi-Fi网络。
- 将索尼电视连接到网络后，再次按下按钮。 “家” 在遥控器上
- 去看菜单 “设置” .
- 子菜单 “网” .
- 段落 “更新互联网内容” .
- 更新内容后，单击 森。 在遥控器上
- 按 “+” 或按钮 “所有应用程序” 打开可用的智能电视应用程序列表。
在LG电视上配置智能电视连接
要在LG电视上启用电视智能，您需要连接互联网。将Internet连接安装到WiFi，请参见第一个LG电视设置的示例。
- 选择与网络的连接类型。
- 选择您的WiFi网络。
- 输入WiFi网络中的密码。
如果您错过了此设置项，请找到菜单选项。 “联系” 负责设置网络并按照下列步骤操作：
- 输入菜单项“连接到Wi-Fi”。
- 并通过设置密码连接到WiFi网络。
在三星电视上设置智能电视连接
要将智能电视上的通道配置为三星，您需要将电视连接到Internet。
- 我们输入电视菜单，为此，您需要按下按钮。 菜单。 在遥控器上
- 或者您可以单击按钮 键盘。 并选择项目 “菜单” 在三星展示。
- 接下来，选择 “网” .
- 选择 “网络设置” .
- 选择 “无线的” .
- 我们正在等待，直到电视正在寻找Wi-Fi网络，并选择所需的电视。
- 从网络输入密码，然后单击 “准备好” .
- 电视必须检查密码，之后您需要点击 好的 .
- 电视菜单将提供应用程序和频道智能电视。
如果电视没有连接到Wi-Fi网络，该怎么办
- 首先，仔细确保已介绍网络访问代码非常正确：
- 检查浆料和大写字母是否正确输入。
- 确保使用拉丁语：在系统中不接受绝对大多数情况下具有西里尔字符的密码。
- 最后，查看输入的字符数：它们通常至少应该是八个。
- 尝试从电源禁用路由器，然后再打开 - 并尝试重复。
- 尝试将智能性连接到任何其他可用网络 - 例如，从手机中烘干。
- 如果上一步带来了积极的结果，请从提供者找出互联网频道的非工作状态的原因。
- 您可以在电视上执行完整的设置重置，然后尝试重复。如果在这种情况下，指令，如何连接智能电视，没有带来所需的效果，请联系服务中心。
现在考虑查看时发生的少数常见错误。所有这些都预测并警告它是不可能的 - 但这里是故障排除的简单逐步指令：
- 转到子菜单 “网络设置” 。它位于电视设置的主菜单中，部分 “网” .
- 选择自动校正问题。如果没有帮助，打开以下子菜单， “网络状态” ：通常它是列表中的第二行。
- 转向这一点 “IP设置” ，尝试自动启动地址，为您的智能获取。
- 没有改变？在滚动菜单中选择一个参数 “手动” 然后去细微的设置！
要找出系统请求的参数，您可以实现最简单的方式：调用提供程序并询问。此外，可以通过参考窗口找到必要的数据 “查看网络属性” 在计算机上的。您需要四个突出显示的特征。如果IP被分发到路由器，请尝试在网络设置中手动注册IPv4地址，属于您的网络。例如，它通常可以是192.168.0的地址。*或192.168.1。*，其中*的数字为2到254。
它不言而喻，必须在适当的emart中输入这些参数中的每一个。
请注意，来自不同制造商的型号的智能电视设置将略有不同 - 至少在项目和部分的名称中。在这内没有什么可怕的 - 现代电视的菜单是直观的，你绝对不会迷路。
要检查它是否最终返回Internet连接，您可以尝试在电视上运行任何需要访问全局网络的应用程序，或打开在线广播。发生了吗？很棒，你解决了这个问题。不是？尝试重新传递本节中给出的说明。
如何重置电视上的网络设置
在某些情况下，智能电视设置只有完整重置可以帮助应对麻烦。在Samsung TV的示例中，请按照以下算法进行操作：
- 关闭电视而不从电网关闭。
- 使用键的组合 信息+ MENU + MUTE + POWER （在不同的型号和订单上，名称可能不同）以启动服务菜单。
- 在屏幕上显示在黑色音调中的菜单时，请选择按键 选项 .
- 在新菜单中，调用参数 出厂重置。 事实上，这允许您完全重置。
- 在随后的过程中，应保存智能电视到电网的连接。操作完成后，关闭电视。
- 现在再次打开它 - 并检查它是否解决了描述的问题。
不幸的是，这样的很长的放电方式，有时它会变得坚固。在这种情况下，您需要在手动模式下执行简单的智能电视设置。按照给定的手册：
- 对于参数 DNS。 指定其中一个标准，完全安全的值之一： 8.8.8。 并且，作为备用， 126.96.36.199。 .
- 在某些情况下，进一步的设置对于禁用路由器设置中的参数非常重要。 DHCP。 .
- 使用内置选项 静止时间。 ，从通道安装新的自动转换时段到通道。我们建议将值设置小于默认设置：在100-200毫秒的范围内。
该设置传统上通过检查完成：您需要再次查看，原来恢复与全局网络的连接。
解决时解决典型问题
总之，我们将分析与试图弄清楚如何在智能电视上连接频道的几个相关的典型问题：
- 网页加载很长。
如果使用Wi-Fi网络连接，请尝试将路由器移到电视机。
- 完全没有连接。
重新加载所有使用的设备，包括路由器，如果没有帮助 - 重置设置。
- 系统报告适配器设置不正确。
在手动模式下重新求解参数。此外，您可以使用以连接智能电视之前提到的WPS选项，允许节省时间和神经。
- 在视频数据的屏幕上加热显示。
也许这种情况是频道带宽不足。尝试使用有线连接方法，重新配置或将路由器替换为新的。
- 电视或空征征将自动关闭和/或打开。
尝试纠正主设备设置。如果它没有帮助，请确保插头可靠地固定在插座中 - 如果不是这一点，请执行闪烁的电视。
- 在智能设备上结束可用内存。
最简单的选项是删除已变得不必要的文件，然后清理缓存数据。
不幸的是，所有指示和提示，如何在智能电视上配置频道，可能不会绝对没有胎儿。在这种情况下，它仍有待与服务中心联系 - 也许是为了将电视更换为新的。它是很可能的，问题的原因在于操作系统的出色控制器或深度故障;在家里无法解决这个问题。我们将在莫斯科 - Telemaster-Pro.ru建议测试的Telemerery。咨询并帮助您解决电视的问题，以获得可接受的价格。
除此之外，召回：在从手或向您展示的电视上，值得从一开始就完成设置的完整重置，之后使用上述任何短引导来连接到全局网络。
如果电视上没有智能电视，该怎么办
如果您幸运地成为智能电视的所有者，那么没有用于打开电缆的LAN端口，请勿稀释 - 无线通信的方法仍在您的服务中。我们强烈建议提前评估电视的功能，在制造商网站上找出模型的描述或查看使用说明书。
它完全恰恰相反：存在用于在电缆上打开电缆的端口，但您找不到Wi-Fi模块。在这种情况下，您可以使用有线连接方法 - 或购买特殊适配器以接收Wi-Fi。
但问题的答案是如何在旧电视上配置智能电视，只有一个：采取特殊控制台。它的成本明显比电缆或适配器昂贵，但尚未发明其他选项。
智能电视会更换控制台吗？
虽然前缀允许您几乎完全模仿智能性的功能，但您将无法使用制造商提供的某些品牌选项。另一方面，使用嵌入式
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è sempre quella videocamera da visionare ma sarebbe veramente una gran fortuna se avesse veramente ripreso qualcosa. Così insieme al signor Mike Evanoff, il proprietario dell’Evie's Car Wash, finalmente i poliziotti possono vedere se sul nastro c’è qualcosa. Non hanno nulla in mano tranne le tracce seguite dai cani molecolari. La telecamera non è sempre in funzione. Si accende solo se qualche movimento avviene nel suo raggio. Alle 18:21, sotto gli occhi stupiti degli investigatori, si vede che la telecamera si è attivata. Inquadra due soggetti, una bambina con jeans e maglietta rossa che viene verso lo spettatore e un uomo sui 30/40 anni, in grigio verde, che va nella direzione opposta. A un certo punto l’uomo devia dalla sua direzione e ferma la ragazzina. Le dice qualcosa in modo brusco, poi la trascina per un braccio uscendo dal campo visivo della videocamera.
I poliziotti si guardano l’un l’altro a bocca aperta: hanno appena assistito al rapimento di Carlie Brucia! Altro che patrigno, altro che scappata di casa! Solo adesso scatta l’Amber Alert. Ma sono passate 18 ore dal rapimento.
Il video viene subito trasmesso da tutte le emittenti dello della nazione, e poi da tutte quelle degli Stati Uniti, fino a fare il giro del mondo. E così che arriva anche in Italia. Io ricordo benissimo questo episodio.
La ripresa di per sé non sembra particolarmente violenta, quasi potrebbe essere scambiato per un padre che va incontro alla figlia e la riprende per qualche cosa. Ma si vede che così non è perché lo sguardo della bambina, fino a che l’uomo non si sposta verso di lei, non incrocia il suo.
Vedere una scena del genere e provare ansia verso la bambina è un sentimento giusto: inevitabile e giusto. Mi preoccupò sapere che fine avesse fatto la piccola Carlie. Mi diede angoscia. Anche se si trattava di un evento lontano. Tale apprensione mi accomunava ai tanti che seguirono il caso. Forse ero anche particolarmente vulnerabile perché da appena tre anni ero diventato padre di una bambina anche io. Non lo so. Ma so che quando vivi in diretta un evento simile speri che alla fine di tutto ci sia un lieto fine, che il bruto vedendosi proiettato su tutte le televisioni del pianeta ci ripensi.
La polizia per rintracciare il rapitore chiese aiuto persino alla Nasa la quale ha potenti software in grado di mettere a fuoco le immagini sgranate della videocamera. Si riuscì così a inquadrare dei tatuaggi e una targhetta sulla maglia.
Arrivarono diverse segnalazioni, tre senza alcun dubbio indicarono nel soggetto un certo Joe Smith.
La polizia vede la scheda segnaletica di Joe Smith:
|Joe Smith|
si tratta di un pluritossicodipendente con una fedina penale degna del curriculum di un luminare di Harwad. Tuttavia, si tratta di reati legati esclusivamente alla droga. Nulla di natura sessuale. Inoltre, risulta sposato e padre di tre bambine. Sarà veramente lui l’uomo del video?
Lo vanno a trovare. La sua ex moglie, Luz Castrillon, asserisce di non aver veduto quella domenica il marito, bensì il lunedì successivo. Non aveva notato nulla di particolare in lui. Identica versione diedero i coinquilini, i coniugi Pincus. Comunque Smith verrà arrestato per violazione della libertà vigilata. Non avrebbe dovuto andare a trovare l’ex moglie e le sue tre figlie. La polizia è titubante: quell’uomo ha delle bambine alle quali pare volere anche un gran bene.
Jeff Pincus asserisce che quel lunedì Smith era in uno stato quasi di grazia quando era rientrato. Non sembrava affatto che avesse avuto un qualche problema. Il che rendeva gli investigatori ancora più dubbiosi sulla colpevolezza di Smith. Però poi Jeff aggiunse che quella domenica, due ore prima che iniziasse il Super Bowl, aveva prestato la sua buick gialla a Joe. Lui aveva promesso che l’avrebbe riportata entro 15 minuti. In realtà se la tenne fino al lunedì mattina. Lesse sul contachilometri che aveva percorso 362 miglia, ovvero più di 500 chilometri. I poliziotti si guardarono: in un’altra videocamera avevano visto il passaggio di una Buick gialla! Quando andarono a controllare si resero conto che era proprio la macchina di Jeff Pincus.
Smith continuava a negare, nonostante le prove contro di lui. Tutti avevano visto quel filmato, qualcuno era certo che fosse lui, qualcun altro no. Anche sua madre, Patrica Davis, anche suo fratello, avevano visto in tv l’uomo che portava via Carlie dal parcheggio, per questo Patricia chiese a suo figlio: “Dove hai messo la bambina?”.
Smith poteva anche negare l’evidenza, andare contro la Nasa, smentire i suoi conoscenti ma quando rispose alla madre di non sapere nulla della ragazzina, Patricia per tutta risposta ribatté: “Dove hai messo la bambina?”.
Smith poteva ingannare tutti ma non sua madre. Ella non aveva alcun dubbio che l’uomo del video fosse suo figlio. Fu così che Smith confessò il delitto. Ma ebbe un’idea. Siccome sulla soluzione del caso gravavano 50.000 dollari da consegnare a chi avesse dato informazioni risolutive, spinse suo fratello a intascare la ricompensa indicandogli dove era nascosto il corpo di Carlie. Insomma, Joe voleva speculare sulla sua stessa vittima. John fu tentato di seguire questo suggerimento e andò con sua madre nel luogo indicato da Joe: un boschetto di una chiesetta a 3 km dall’autolavaggio. Ma non trovarono nulla.
|Scena del crimine|
John discusse al telefono con suo fratello del luogo, che si spiegasse meglio. Ma mentre Joe parlava all’improvviso a John venne un’illuminazione: suo fratello era l’unico indiziato del rapimento, non è che per caso monitoravano le sue telefonate? Spaventato si recò alla polizia per indicare il luogo dove era probabilmente sepolta la povera Carlie, raccontando come Joe avesse cercato di guadagnarci persino sopra. Era convinto che così la polizia avrebbe creduto alla sua buona fede quando avesse ascoltato le sue telefonate. Ma i loro telefoni non erano affatto sotto controllo!
Il cadavere di Carlie Brucia venne trovato il 6 febbraio. L’autopsia stabilì che era stata violentata sia in vagina che oralmente. Si era difesa come aveva potuto. Smith la strangolò secondo il metodo della garrotta. Una fine orribile per questa povera bambina. Non si prese neppure la briga di prendere in braccio il corpo per deporlo. Lo trascinò lungo il selciato, la sterpaglia, deturpato il viso della piccola Carlie. Un vero animale. Anzi, una bestia. Carlie probabilmente era morta nel giro di un paio d'ore.
Smith, secondo la migliore tradizione americana venne condannato a morte. Aspetta il suo momento. Generalmente la media per l’esecuzione è di 13 anni. Ne sono passati 7, gliene rimarrebbero altri 5, dopodiché il mondo farà a meno della sua ingombrante presenza. Non sono favorevole alla pena di morte, anzi, la aborro, scriverò un articolo apposta sull’argomento, ma certo non piangerò quando Smith tirerà le cuoia.
Non ho raccontato questa storia solo per ricordare il dramma di Carlie Brucia, il cui ricordo ancora mi commuove, e la cui visione del suo rapimento ancora mi agghiaccia. C’era una lezione da imparare.
Ci sono molte analogie con il caso di Yara Gambirasio: le due bambine avevano quasi la stessa età: Carlie 11 e Yara 13. Sono state rapite verso la medesima ora. Nel caso di Carlie la videocamera di sorveglianza è stata risolutiva: Joe Smith non si era accorto della sua presenza. La videocamera del Cittadella dello Sport di Brembate non deve proprio aver funzionato perché non solo non ha ripreso il rapimento di Yara ma neppure il suo passaggio all’uscita dalla palestra. Infatti, non si sa esattamente l’ora in cui la bambina è stata rapita. Insomma, non si è ripetuto un caso Carlie Brucia perché le videocamere in Italia ne funzionano una su dieci.
I cani molecolari, nella vicenda di Carlie, hanno fiutato giusto: la bambina era stata nel parcheggio. Sono stati questi cani a risolvere indirettamente il caso. Nel caso di Yara i cani sono arrivati nel cantiere. Io ho fiducia in questi cani. Penso che se si sono recati lì qualcosa lì è accaduto.
Smith ha portato Carlie a 3 km di distanza dal luogo del rapimento.
|Percorso dall'autolavaggio alla chiesa|
Anche il cantiere si trova a 3 km dalla palestra.
|Percorso dalla palestra al cantiere|
Cioè a dire che un rapitore a scopo di libidine non si porta a spasso per decine di chilometri il suo ostaggio. Ha fretta di consumare il suo delitto.
Ma la lezione più importante è la facilità con la quale si può rapire una bambina, la quale terrorizzata non riesce a reagire. Diventa immediatamente succube del suo aggressore.
Potrebbe essere accaduto qualcosa di simile anche nel caso di Yara.
|Carlie Brucia|<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Il viaggio di Euronews per le strade d'Europa in vista delle elezioni continua. A Brema abbiamo incontrato chi a votare ci andrà e chi, come Mohamed che è un rifugiato politico, non ha il diritto di farlo. Ma c'è anche chi, come Jody, non sapeva neanche di poter votare.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Şangay yerel hükümeti, blockchain'in küresel ticaret için kullanımını geliştirecek bir birlik oluşturmak üzere finansal kurumlar ile güçlerini birleştirdi.
The Global Times'ın 7 Kasım'daki haberine göre Şangay Yerel Ticaret Komisyonu, Şangay Gümrük İdaresi ve Çin Halk Bankası ve Bank of Communications'ın da dahil olduğu altı bankanın temsilcileri, Blockchain Birliği teklifi imzaladı.
Çok yönlü ticaret için blockchain
Zhejiang Üniversitesi İletişim Bilimi ve Elektronik Mühendisliği'nde öğretim görevlisi olan Chen Huifang, Global Times'a yaptığı açıklamada blockchain'in Çin'deki bazı serbest ticaret bölgelerinde kullanıldığını söyledi:
"Blockchain teknolojisi, bilginin güvenilirliğini artırıyor, böylece gümrük denetiminin etkinliğini iyileştiriyor, masrafları azaltıyor ve ticareti kolaylaştırıyor."
Şangay Gümrük Genel Müdürlüğü'nde görevli Ye Jian, blockchain birliğininin ''gümrük alanında uygulanan ilk blockchain projesi olduğuna'' dikkat çekti.
Jian, Şangay'ın tek pencere sisteminde yeni başlatılan uluslararası finansal hizmetlerde blockchain'in başarıyla uygulandığını ve veri dengesizlik problemlerini çözemeye yardımcı olduğunu dile getirdi.
Global Times'a göre Nanning'te de, uluslararası finansal hizmetlerde blockchain sistemi denemesi yapılıyor.
Çin İnşaat Bankası Şangay şubesi başkan yardımcısı Qi Hong, söz konusu teknolojinin ülkede henüz deneysel aşamada olduğunu vurguladı ve şöyle belirtti:
"Blockchain'i şimdilik tüm finans sektörü için değil, bazı finansal ürünler için kullanıyoruz. Toplum ise teknolojiyi tam anlamış değil. Fakat hükümetin blockchain teşvikinin, teknolojinin daha kapsamlı bir şekilde uygulanmasına yardımcı olacağını düşünüyorum."
Yüksek seviyede teşvik
Çin devlet başkanı Xi Jinping, geçtiğimiz günlerde teknolojik yenilik ve dönüşüm için, blockchain teknolojilerinin entegre edilmesinin büyük önem taşıdığını açıkladı.
Çin Ulusal Kalkında ve Reform Komisyonu, ülkede Bitcoin (BTC) madenciliğini yasaklama kararlarından vazgeçse de, yerel medya başkanın açıklamalarının kripto paralara destek olarak yorumlanmaması gerektiği konusunda uyardı.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>La finestra di dialogo Color Mixer è usata per specificare e applicare il colore agli elementi del tuo disegno.
Il Mixer colore può essere aperto in diversi modi:
- Cliccate sull'icona del miscelatore di colori sulla barra degli strumenti standard
- Andate su View > Color Mixer
- "M" è la scorciatoia da tastiera predefinita per aprire il Mixer colore
Quando si seleziona un oggetto, il suo colore di riempimento viene visualizzato nel pulsante swatch nell'angolo in alto a sinistra del Mixer colore. Quando sono selezionati più oggetti, il miscelatore di colori visualizza il colore dell'oggetto selezionato più in basso in DesignEditor.
Utilizzare l'elenco a discesa nell'angolo in alto a destra del Mixer colore per specificare un modello di colore: RGB, CMYK, LAB, Spot, HSV o Duotone. Per avere una migliore comprensione di ciascuna di queste modalità di colore, leggere: Modalità di colore disponibili
Una volta specificato quale modello di colore usare, ci sono diversi modi per specificare un colore nel mixer:
- Inserire valori numerici nei campi numerici o cliccare sui pulsanti di rotazione su/giù.
- Cliccare e trascinare i cursori dei canali.
- Cliccate o cliccate e trascinate il mouse sul selezionatore di colori nella parte inferiore del miscelatore di colori. Quando si individua il colore desiderato, rilasciare il pulsante del mouse.
Usando il miscelatore di colori, è possibile specificare colori che sono oltre i confini dello spazio colore selezionato. Quando questo accade, un'icona di avvertimento apparirà accanto al campione di colore, insieme a un campione più piccolo che è in realtà un pulsante funzionale.
- Fai clic sul pulsante Gamut Correction per regolare il colore in modo che rientri nella gamma di destinazione.
Dopo aver cliccato il pulsante, il colore viene ridefinito e sia l'icona che il pulsante di correzione della gamma scompaiono.
L'icona di avvertimento appare solo quando si stanno visualizzando oggetti nello spazio colore RGB, LAB o HSV. Il software controlla se il colore specificato può essere riprodotto accuratamente nello spazio colore CMYK, in base al profilo stampante attivo selezionato nella finestra di dialogo Impostazioni colore.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>SCRAP has a new, open-access journal article available in the Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports, titled “It’s What’s Inside that Counts: Developing a paste group typology in Belize.” The study was co-produced by archaeologists Jillian Jordan (USA) and Meaghan Peuramaki-Brown (Canada), local potters Aurora Saqui (Maya Centre, Belize) and Frank Tzib (San Antonio, Belize), and traditional ecological knowledge specialist Sylvestro Chiac (Maya Mopan, Belize). The following is an easy-to-read summary of what the article investigates and concludes, along with the future directions of our pottery studies.
Clockwise from top left: Frank Tzib, Sylvestro Chiac, Jill Jordan, Aurora Saqui, Meaghan Peuramaki-Brown
Ceramics are the most typical artifact recovered from ancient Maya archaeological sites. They tell us important information about when people occupied places, what activities they were involved with, and how people living in different regions interacted. Most ceramic analysis in the Maya region depends almost entirely on describing the outward appearance of a vessel. The pottery pieces that we find at the ancient town of Alabama in East-Central Belize (today, the Stann Creek District) are primarily body sherds without any features that can tell us the form of the vessel (e.g., a jar or a bowl) or decoration to provide clues about where people produced them. So, what do we do? We cannot proceed with our typical analyses, but we cannot just ignore an abundant and informative artifact type because it presents a problem.
We decided to analyze paste characteristics (clay + rock) because we can study these attributes even on poorly preserved sherds. We used a portable microscope called a Dino-Lite in our field laboratory in Maya Centre
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，“孙兴慜是因为国籍而受到不利影响的典型例子”，“如果他是巴西人，一定会成为超级球星，如果是英国人，转会费轻松就能超过1亿英镑”。<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>赛后，姆巴佩 更新个人交庆祝胜 利，写道：“ 一个美妙的周日晚上。
本场比赛 送出次助攻后，梅西本赛 季在俱乐 部场比赛已 经直接参与了球，其中进球 个，助攻次。
法国 无疑是即将到来的卡 塔尔世界杯 上的夺冠热门球队之一 ，德尚的球队有 实力实现卫冕。
月日，乌拉 圭对阵加纳。
一 周前，在法国战胜奥 地利的比赛后，姆巴佩承认 ，在国家 队踢球时，身前有一个支 点吉鲁，他感觉 更自由，跑动范围也更 大。
西班牙《 阿斯》道， 罗收到的唯一一份价就是 利雅得胜利 的，此外，利 雅得胜利开 出的薪水没有外界说 的那么夸张， 此前道， 罗在利雅得胜利年能获得亿 欧元。
首轮击 败卡塔尔的厄瓜多尔 ，人中有 人选择了耐克的 球鞋。
热苏斯在对阵 喀麦隆的比赛中受伤离 场，检查结果显 示他膝部受伤，已 提前告别本届 世界杯。
小组赛第 二轮，阿根廷 凭借梅西和恩佐·费 尔南德斯的进球，比 击败墨西哥。
利雅得 胜利将送走三位球员以引进 罗。
比赛第分 钟，梅西搓射破门 得分，帮助巴黎 比领先。
自梅西赛季 欧冠首秀以来 ，他是欧冠赛场禁区外 远射进球最多的球员。
梅西与巴黎的合同 到年月结束。
加尔蒂尔今年岁，球 员时代名 气不大，不过曾到中国辽宁 远东队踢球。
各项 赛事梅西出场次，已 经打入球 ，助攻次。
法国《 队》披露了 姆巴佩月份闹离队 的原因。
第二轮， 荷兰队博古伊斯的球， 再次被内斯扑出；阿根廷 队帕雷德斯命中， 阿根廷奠定 获leyu乐鱼全站网页登录基础。
他 在年有过次为阿 根廷国家队出场的记录 ，均首发 打满全场。
现在他悲痛万分 ，无法表 达。
比赛中肯定会发生一些事。
巴拉纳竞技的 主帅是巴西名 帅斯科拉里，他 今年月接手这支球队，带队 打入解放者杯 决赛，leyu乐鱼全站网页登录乐鱼全站网页登录'>遗憾的是最 终未能夺冠 。
在巴黎的第 二个赛季，梅西的感 觉明显比上赛季好， 他更为适应了。
他带队踢了 场比赛，球队 获得胜平负，打 入球，丢掉球。
根据巴黎圣日耳曼 《队》的消息，巴黎圣 日耳曼俱乐部正在考虑 和梅西、维拉 蒂和马金尼奥 斯等关键leyu乐鱼全站网页登录员签约，其中最 先考虑的是梅西。
本赛季，随着梅西 在巴黎适应并 表现出强大的威力，他 们能在欧冠赛场实现突破吗 ？塞尔吉奥。<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Sıradaki tarifimiz Osmanlı Mutfağına (Gaziantep) ait eşsiz bir çorba. Yapılışı kolay bir tarifi paylaşıyoruz. Lezzetin iyisi, Beyran Çorbası tarifinin en afilisi.
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Kuru Fasulye
Kuru fasulyede olan protein miktarının kırmızı etin sağladığı protein miktarına eşit olduğunu biliyor muydunuz?
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Körili Havuç Çorbası
Tereyağını, karabiberi, tuzu ve 6 su bardağı suyu da ekleyin ve orta ateşte kaynayıncaya değin pişirin.
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Aş Katması Çorbası
Çorbayı hazırlayacağınız tencereye sıvıyağı koyun ve unu ekleyerek rengi hafif pembeleşinceye değin kavurun.
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Ton Balıklı Spagetti
Balıklı sofralar unutulmaz; makarnalarımızın tadına doyum olmaz. İşte yapılışı kolay, lezzeti olay; afili mi afili bir ton balıklı spagetti tarifi. Lezzetin iyisi, ton balıklı spagetti tarifinin en afilisi!
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Kapuska
Kapuska, Rusça'da lahana anlamına gelmektedir. Bizdeki kapuska et ve lahana ile yapılırken...
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Lahana Turşusu
Kalan lahanayı dilimler halinde kesin ve uygun büyüklükte kapaklı bir kabın içine koyun (bu kova da olabilir).<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Batılı stüdyolar Sovyet ve Rus nükleer enerjisini bir tür "gezegeni tehdit eden canavar" olarak sunmak için acele ederken, yüksek derecede tek taraflı ve angajmanlı uzun metrajlı filmler yayınlıyorlar, nükleer enerji endüstrisi gelişmeye ve gelişmeye devam ediyor.
Bugün, Novovoronezh NPP'nin 90. güç ünitesi (aynı zamanda NVNPP No. 7'nin 2. yenilikçi güç ünitesidir) kapasitesinin% 2'ına çıkarıldı. 3. nesil tesisin ana bileşeni, yüksek derecede güvenilirlik ve koruma ile ayırt edilen VVER-1200 reaktörüdür.
Novovoronezh NGS'nin 7. güç ünitesinin kapasitesinin% 90'ına çıkmasıyla, deneysel endüstriyel operasyon sırasında EB'nin yeni bir aşamasının başladığı bildirildi. Aslında, 2. yenilikçi EB NVNPP-2'nin% 100 kapasiteye ulaşacağı tamamlandıktan sonra son aşamadan bahsediyoruz. Güç ünitesi, 15 günlük bir süre içinde nominal parametrelerde önceden test edilecektir. Bu testler, santralin bir dizi çok sayıda ve çok seviyeli kontrolünü tamamlayacaktır.
Novovoronezh NPP-2'nin 2 numaralı güç ünitesinin bugünden sonra% 90 kapasiteye ulaşan testleri 6 gün boyunca yapılacaktır. Bu süre zarfında buhar jeneratörleri kontrol edilecek, termo-hidrolik testler yapılacak vb.
En yeni güç ünitesinin 2019 sonunda tamamen faaliyete geçmesi bekleniyor.
Yeni güç ünitesi, yeni işler, hem sanayi hem de ev tüketimi için ek kWh elektrik ve ayrıca Rus nükleer enerji endüstrisinin dünyadaki liderliğinin ek teyidi anlamına geliyor.
Novovoronezh NPP'de, ikinci yenilikçi güç% 90'te piyasaya sürüldü
- Kullanılan fotoğraflar:
- Novovoronezh NPP<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>,
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Şimdi güneş panelleri almalı mıyım yoksa beklemeli miyim? Bir ev, işyeri sahibi olarak, mülkünüze güneş panelleri kurmak, onlarca yıl boyunca enerji maliyetlerinizden tasarruf etmenin harika bir yoludur. 2010’dan bu yana güneş enerjisi ekipmanlarının maliyetindeki %70’lik hızlı düşüş nedeniyle, Amerika ve Avrupa genelinde 10 milyondan fazla ev, şimdi evlerde, işyerlerinde ve büyük ölçekli güneş projelerinden gelen güneş fotovoltaik panelleri tarafından desteklenmektedir.
Güneş panelleri ucuzlar mı, 2000 yılında watt başına 12 doların üzerinde olan fiyatların 2019’da watt başına ortalama 3,82 dolara kadar düştüğü göz önüne alındığında, bu adil bir soru . Son yıllardaki maliyet düşüşlerine bakıldığında, güneş fotovoltaik (PV) modülleri birkaç yıl içinde ucuzlama beklenebilir. Gerçekten de, ithal güneş enerjisi ekipmanlarındaki 2018 fiyat tarifeleri gibi diğer bazı engellere rağmen son yirmi yılda fiyat eğrisi düşüyor.
Örneğin, bir PV sistemi satın almak için üç yıl beklediğinizi ve ABD dolarına ve ithal ürünlere endeksli güneş enerjisi maliyetlerinin; yılda yüzde iki oranında azaldığını %2 ve standart bir 15.000 ABD Doları tutarındaki sistemin maliyetini üçüncü yılda 14.100 ABD Dolarına düşürdüğünü varsayalım. Beklediğiniz her yıl için güneş enerjisi kurulum maliyetlerinden 300$ tasarruf edersiniz .
Ancak , ilk yıldan başlayarak kurulumun ömrü boyunca güneş enerjisinin size ne kadar tasarruf sağlayacağı seçeneğini düşündünüz mü?
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Bu yıl güneş enerjisine geçmeniz için 4 neden
Güneş panelleri kurmayı beklemek, enerji faturanızdan tasarruf etmeyi beklemek ve fiyatlar arttıkça bu enerji için daha fazla ödemeye devam etmek anlamına gelir.
2022’de konut elektrik fiyatı 2021 yılına kıyasla ortalama en az %100 artış gösterdi.
2019’da, mesken aboneliği ortalama elektrik faturası ayda 195,3 tl veya yılda yaklaşık 2.343,6 tl idi.
Bu faturayı tamamen dengelemek için yeterli güç üreten bir fotovoltaik güneş enerjisi sistemi kuracak olsaydınız, birinci yılda 2.343,6 tl tasarruf etmiş olursunuz. Her yıl ortalama %15’lik bir artışla, ikinci yılda tasarruflarınız 2.695,1 a yükselir ve 3 yılda yıllık tasarruflarınızda 3,099,3’a ulaşır.
%100 lük bir elektrik fiyat artışı sonrası yukarıda yaptığımız hesap günümüz şartlarında iki katına çıkmış , artış oranıda hergeçen gün devam etmektedir.
Unutmayın, güneş enerjisine geçmek için üç yıl beklemekten kaynaklanan enerji fiyatındaki toplam maliyet tasarrufu 900 dolara çıktı. Şimdi eviniz için güneş panelleri alarak bu rakam birinci yılda gölgede kalacaktı. Artan enerji maliyetini ödemekten kaçındığınız için, tasarruflar üçüncü yılda neredeyse iki katına çıkacak ve zamanla büyümeye devam edecektir. Ve bu, şu anda eviniz, işyeriniziçin güneş panelleri almak için iyi bir neden .
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Çatı veya cephe alanınızdan yararlanın: bölgenizdeki güneş enerjisiyle ilgili fırsatları bulun, elektrik faturanızı ortadan kaldırın, yerel şebekeye elektrik satın ve sizde güneş enerjisi devrimine katılın.
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Güneş paneli fiyatları tüm zamanların en düşük seviyesinde
Devlet teşvikleri ve küresel olarak genişleyen üretimin bir sonucu olarak onlarca yıllık maliyet düşüşlerinden sonra, güneş enerjisi modülleri ve panelleri artık hiç olmadığı kadar ucuz.
Örneğin, 1977’de güneş panelleri watt başına 96.67 $’a mal olurken 2020’nin sonlarında güneş panelleri watt başına 0.52 $’a düştü
Bununla birlikte, güneş panelleri ve modülleri için amansız bir şekilde fiyatları düşürme eğilimi azalmadan devam etmeyebilir. Güneş enerjisi endüstrisi artan maliyetlerle karşı karşıya kalabilir. Fiyatların şu anda düşük seviyelerde olması ve teşviklerin azalması veya aşamalı olarak kaldırılması ihtimali ile bu, daha fazla beklemek yerine şimdi güneş enerjisine geçmek için bir neden daha.
Konut güneş enerjisinin popülaritesi arttıkça devlet teşvikleri azalacak
Ülke düzeyinde güneş enerjisi için çok sayıda devlet teşviki, önümüzdeki yıllarda tamamen azalacak veya aşamalı olarak kaldırılacaktır. Bu programları kaçırmanın bir sonucu olarak güneş panelleri için önemli ölçüde daha fazla ödeme yapabilirsiniz.
Güneş enerjisi teşvikleri
Ülkelerin güneş enerjisine konut geçişi konusunda teşvik sunmalarının temel nedeni, yerel güneş enerjisi endüstrisini desteklemektir. Daha fazla müşteri yenilenebilir enerji geçişine katılmaya karar verdikçe bu programlar aşamalı olarak kullanımdan kaldırılmaya başlar. Ülke düzeyindeki birçok güneş enerjisi indirim programı şu anda azalmakta veya yakında sona ermektedir.
Bir solar PV sistemi kurmanın evinizin değerini arttırdığı kanıtlanmıştır
Evinizin çatısına bir güneş paneli yerleştirmek, 25 yıl veya daha fazla geleceğe bakmayı veya panellerin ne kadar süreyle yerinde kalacağını içeren önemli bir karardır. Birçok sözleşme de 25 yıllık bir zaman çizelgesinde oluşturulur.
Bu zaman ölçeğinde bir anlaşmaya bağlı kalmak, tüm bu zaman boyunca şu anki evlerinde kalıp kalamayacaklarından emin olmadıklarından, güneş enerjisiyle ilgilenen birçok insan için bir belirsizlik kaynağı olabilir.
Neyse ki, ister evinizde kalmayı ister gelecekte satmayı düşünüyorsanız, güneş enerjisi sistemi eklemek mülkün değerini önemli ölçüde artıracak ve evinizi daha hızlı satmanıza yardımcı olacaktır . Ayrıca, güneş enerjili evinizi satmak ve kiranızı yeni sahibine devretmek giderek daha kolay hale geliyor.
Son olarak, güneş enerjili evinizi satmak ve kredinizi, kiralamanızı veya elektrik satın alma sözleşmenizi yeni sahibine devretmek artık hiç olmadığı kadar kolay.
Güneş enerjili evinizi satarken, güneş enerjisinin avantajlarına aşina olan ve olası alıcılara finansal faydalarını ifade edebilecek bir emlakçı bulmayı düşünün. Güneş panellerinin elektrik faturalarınızda ne kadar tasarruf sağladığını ve yıllık kazancını emlakçı ile paylaşmalı, panellerin beklenen kalan yaşam döngüsü ve rutin bakımları hakkında onları bilgilendirmelisiniz. Emlakçının sahip olduğu daha fazla bilgi, faydaları değerlendirmek için daha iyi olacaktır.
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Çatı veya cephe alanınızdan yararlanın: bölgenizdeki güneş enerjisiyle ilgili fırsatları bulun, elektrik faturanızı ortadan kaldırın, yerel şebekeye elektrik satın ve sizde güneş enerjisi devrimine katılın.
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Güneş panelleri kurmayı beklemek, tasarrufta eksik olmak demektir
Sürekli artan fiyatlar için ödeme yapmak yerine anında elektrik tasarrufu yapmaya başlayabilir ve sabit enerji maliyetlerini güvence altına alabilirsiniz. Ayrıca, PV panellerin maliyeti yükselmeden önce, pazara en düşük fiyat noktasından girmiş olursunuz.
Kısa sürede harekete geçmek, sınırlı süreli devlet teşviklerinden hala kullanılabilirken yararlanmak anlamına gelir. Ve gelecekte mülkü elinde tutmayı veya satmayı düşünseniz de, evinizin değerine on binlerce dolar ekliyorsunuz. Sonuç olarak, kısa sürede harekete geçmenin faydaları, zaman içinde donanımdaki mütevazı maliyet düşüşlerinden çok daha ağır basacaktır (ki bu muhtemelen tarifelerdeki uzun süreli artışlarla ortadan kaldırılacaktır).
Şimdi harekete geçerek, ev tipi güneş fotovoltaik sistemlerinin maliyetini azaltmak için onlarca yıllık çabaların meyvelerini toplayabilir ve uygun devlet teşviklerini hala varken kullanabilir, ailenizin gelir/gider tablosunun kâr oranını yükseltebilir ve en değerli varlığınızın değerini güçlendirebilirsiniz.
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,<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>COMUNICATO STAMPA
Empoli, 18 novembre 2002
Fino al 29 novembre, la Biblioteca
Comunale espone una selezione di periodici del primo Novecento, appartenenti
al Fondo Corrado Masi. La mostra, collocata nello spazio "La
bacheca" al primo piano del Convento
degli Agostiniani, apre una piccola finestra informativa su un fondo documentario
ricco e interessante, di cui la biblioteca sta per completare il riordino.
L'interesse nasce sia dalla rarità delle pubblicazioni, sia dalla particolare figura del proprietario, che fu uno degli esponenti di maggiore spicco dell'intellettualità empolese della prima metà del Novecento. Amico fraterno di Vittorio Fabiani (altro intellettuale empolese di cui la biblioteca conserva le carte manoscritte), Corrado Masi part
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PT PLN reported that the electric system generally was not affected by earthquake shaking, except for the newly built headquarters building, which was more than three stories high and had to be abandoned. The tsunami did not affect the 150-kV substation or the inland diesel-generating power stations. A small (1 megawatt) diesel-powered plant was destroyed at Calang, directly on the coast about halfway between Banda Aceh and Meulaboh. The Meulaboh Lamno diesel plant did not experience significant damage. The 150-kV transmission line and associated substations transmitting power from power plants to the east functioned normally during and after the earthquake and tsunami. In fact, the electric power in western Aceh Province did not shut down. Some PT PLN emergency-response workers were electrocuted when they attempted to restore electricity to emergency facilities because they had assumed the tsunami had tripped the power supply.
Gas and Liquid Fuel Facilities
The state-owned Pertamina petroleum company suffered substantial damage to fuel depots, where storage facilities were damaged and some fuel was lost, mostly on the west coast of Aceh Province, particularly in Banda Aceh and south to Meulaboh. The deep-water port at Kreung Raya, the petroleum storage and distribution facility, lost half of its above-ground piping and 3 of 12 liquid fuel (diesel, high-octane gas, oil, and kerosene) storage tanks. None of the tanks was anchored to its foundations, and the three that were swept away by tsunami waves were only partially full. The nine full storage tanks were not affected. As with the electric system, most above-ground distribution systems were seriously damaged or destroyed by the tsunami.
Roads and Bridges
Roads and bridges were devastated by the force of the tsunami waves. Many bridges were swept off their supports, and connecting earth embankments were significantly scoured, disabling the transportation network for hundreds of kilometers along the west coast of Aceh Province. Hundreds of bridges were picked up and swept inland by the tsunami waves, some more than a kilometer. The extensive damage to bridges severely constrained rescue and relief efforts, as the bridges had been vital links to population centers in the region. Many of the bridges on the coastal road to Meulaboh were destroyed and washed away, and sections of the road disappeared, which isolated many small communities. Survivors could be reached only by boat or helicopter. In addition, the destruction of the bridges resulted in the disruption of the electric distribution system at bridge crossings.
Although earlier reconnaisances reported no evidence of liquefaction, earthquakes of this magnitude and duration commonly cause liquefaction in coastal areas. During a reconnaissance by helicopter, we observed extensive liquefaction in near-shore beach deposits for at least 150 kilometers along the Aceh coast, from south of Meulaboh to north of Calang. Figure 7 shows massive earthquake-induced sand-blows, with craters scoured by tsunami wave action. These liquefaction effects may have been the deciding factor in the destruction of the PT PNL 1-megawatt power plant on the coast at Calang.
Although routinely constructed houses and buildings may have been able to survive the earthquake shaking, tsunami waves devastated almost all of them. Most well designed and well constructed utility and industrial facilities had sufficient capacity to withstand both the earthquake and the tsunami. Partially full storage tanks, bridges, and other light structures that were not anchored to their foundations were not able to resist tsunami forces. Tectonic subsidence and liquefaction were significant contributors to the devastation.
This paper is based on a team (Lloyd Cluff, George Plafker, and Stuart Nishenko) reconnaissance, sponsored by Pacific Gas and Electric Company, to Aceh Province, Indonesia, in May 2005, almost five months after the December 26, 2004, earthquake and tsunami. The purpose of the investigation was to assess the performance of gas and electric systems and related industrial infrastructure. Our reconnaissance focused on northern Aceh Province, where the earthquake and tsunami effects were most severe.
Hudnut, K.W. 2006. Geologic and geodetic aspects of the December 2004 great Sumatra Andaman earthquake and 2005 Nias-Simeulue earthquake: 2004 great Sumatra earthquakes and Indian Ocean tsunamis of December 2, 2004, and March 28, 2005. Earthquake Spectra 22(S3): S13–S42.
Kanamori, H. 2006. Seismological aspects of the December 2004 great Sumatra-Andaman earthquake, 2004 great Sumatra earthquakes and Indian Ocean tsunamis of December 26, 2004, and March 28, 2005. Earthquake Spectra 22 (S3): S1–S12.
Lay, T., S. Das, D. Helmberger, G. Ichinose, J. Polet, and D. Wald. 2005. Rupture process of the 2004 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake. Science 308(5725): 1133–1139.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>There are a couple of ways to contemplate time when visiting the Kingdom of Scotland section of the National Museum’s permanent exhibit galleries. One way is to contemplate the artifacts from the various millennia and imagine all the local and world events that these have persisted through, arriving safely in the present moment in the collections department of today’s governing powers. Hopefully this patrimony will also persist long centuries into the future, as well. From this way of seeing things, we who live today are “dew on the morning grass” to use the imagery famous in the Bible. But the stonework, metal work, or other materials are here for longer periods. If the ancient and historical pieces on display and those held in storage or being studied by curators out of view (or the acquisitions being prepared by conservationists) could speak, they might declare, “we are just passing through; we are not concerned about the current events or issues since our destination is far ahead in the future from now.”
A second perspective on the passage of time that is on display at museums comes from taking the visitor’s standpoint. Instead of seeing the artifact as a time traveler or long-distance vehicle that likely will outlive us and the next several generations, this second perspective comes from browsing the many display cases and noticing the diverse locations whence the many artifacts came from and the (pre)historical period of their origins. This point of view uses the present moment as the fixed frame of reference against which each item can be measured to appreciate its age. In this way, a look around an exhibit hall might turn up items 200 or 1200 or 2000 years old. An analogy for this way of seeing might be a very big, extended, family reunion with 4 or maybe 5 generations present. A look around the venue would include people of many ages all coming together for this occasion. Possibly one’s time consciousness will grow from the realization that one’s own life can be reckoned relative to those present in the room from the generations that came before or after one’s own. This same multi-age awareness belongs to the museum displays, too.
Expanding or elaborating one’s consciousness of history, processes of change, and the passage of time is one way to appreciate the museum display, or indeed the scenes from daily life surrounding one’s routine passage to work, school, or home. Reversing the vision, though, you can identify your point of view as part of the “time traveler” cultural artifacts that persist as long-lasting elements of the cultural landscape. This way offers another vision of time’s passing. According to this perspective, the myriad daily details and risks and opportunities become ephemera that come and go, of little consequence to the enduring and extended time frame of these artifacts that we modern residents temporarily co-exist among. We mortals take life’s exit ramp maybe around age 75 or 80, but those durable artifacts do not exiting the world’s stage for centuries or longer; either in glass cases, in constant use one generation after another (e.g. roadways, sea routes and facilities, river crossings), or perhaps discarded by one generation but excavated by future researchers. In sum we mortals are “just passing through” and the artifacts and natural landscape change only slowly, serving as our lifestory backdrop. Or is it the reverse: that the long-lasting cultural artifacts are “just passing through” and we mortals just come and go as background; of little consequence relative to the long time frame of these artifacts or works of art.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>mp77的UNIX课件笔记(5)
原定本章介绍Unix的两个重要文本编辑程序——Vi和Emacs，但由于本系列篇幅限制不可能对这两种软件（尤其是后者）进行足够详细的讨论。事实上如果不能深入研究Emacs的话那么对我们来说是没有任何意义的，因此该部分内容被移至系列的最后进行讨论。 本章开始我们将进入UNIX文件系统进行深入研究。
1 一些基本问题
在UNIX系统中，几乎所有的数据、信息和计算机指令等等都以文件形式存储在外存secondary storage（also called auxiliary storage，vis a vis main memory）中，所有文件都是以目录为单位进行收集和组织的。在多用户系统（Multi-User）中，每一位用户都拥有自己独立的主目录。UNIX的用户和系统管理员按照等级树管理相应的文件或目录。 当一名用户登录系统时，默认目录为用户的主目录，如果要显示当前工作目录，可以输入：
pwd
即打印当前工作目录（acronym for Print Work Directory）。 UNIX是对大小写敏感的操作系统，而Windows并无这方面的要求。
1.1 UNIX的文件类型
UNIX的文件类型可以分为三大类别，分别是普通类型、目录类型以及特殊文件类型。 普通类型包括ASCII文本、可执行程序（executable）、图像（jpeg）文件或html文件等等。 目录类型，例如用户主目录~/.。 特殊文件类型，UNIX中一种独特的文件类型。一类是硬件设备，例如/dev/lp0，一般接打印机等设备。另一类是逻辑设备，这里介绍两种UNIX常用的逻辑设备： /dev/null，它有一个形象的名字“黑洞”，即可以接受任何数据，而这些数据将不会在其它I/O操作中显示。例如：
netstat –an &> /dev/null
这时标准输出中不会显示任何信息，>是重定向标示符，我们可能在msdos中遇到过command > filename的情况，事实上其原理是一致的。另外还有一个相对应的>>意在filename末尾添加信息。&表示标准输出和标准错误信息，如果仅仅想对标准输出信息进行操作可用1替换&，如果只想屏蔽标准错误可输入2。 /dev/zero，这是一种与/dev/null似乎完全相反的文件，它代替了一种标准输入，且此类输入仅仅包含二进制0，其ASCII字符为null。现在来看一种应用示例：
dd if=/dev/zero of=swap bs=1024 count=40
dd是UNIX命令，其作用是自定义一个输入流和一个输出流，并借此实现数据I/O。if指定输入流，此处来源/dev/zero。of指定输出流，此处定义名为swap的文件，bs即blocksize定义块大小，count定义块个数。执行此命令后，系统会建立一个名为swap的文件，此文件是由40个大小为1024字节且内容全部为null的空文件。 以上两种文件类型在UNIX系统中起到了至关重要的作用。/dev/null主要应用于shell脚本，也几乎是shell脚本编程中最常使用的重定向输出之一。/dev/zero的用途更为广泛，系统管理员可以使用该功能为系统建立临时的交换文件（或称交换分区），因为其良好的结构恰恰对应与内存管理，因此可以明显提升某些数据服务器的工作效率。
1.2 目录和文件的表示方法
UNIX的目录管理是典型的树形结构，这里不再赘述。其命名规则并不很严格，大多支持200字符以上的长文件名，一个特点是除斜线slash（不包括backslash）以外的字符几乎都是合法被接受的（包括不可打印字符）。 在shell中表示路径，可以采用/usr/home/guest/.profile的绝对路径（absolute）表示，也可以采用../httpd/bin/apachect1的相对路径（relative）表示。其中每个目录下均包含两个目录指示符.（指当前目录）和..（指上级目录）。如果用户使用csh，还能利用~/表示用户主目录。 我们在前文提到正则表达式 （Regular expression）与通配符（wildcard）含义并不一致。这些通配符的意义是由shell程序进行分析和解释的。下面介绍几种简单的通配符： ，即任意长度字符串，唯一例外的是当表示文件名头部时无法匹配以.起始的文件，如.profile； ？，匹配任意单字符； []，匹配括号内任意字符，也可以指定其范围。但[A-Z]*并不和正则表达式中的本式等同，这点需要注意。 仍需补充的是，shell在处理含通配符或者多个项的命令时，一般先将目标目录下的文件名按字典顺序排序，然后逐一查找，因此输出的最终结果也是按字典序排序的。
2 UNIX文件系统命令
2.1 查看目录信息ls
ls
ls即list，列出当前目录的内容，同一个目录下即可能有文件，也可能有子目录，然而当单独使用ls时并不能对此类信息作出区分。 ls有很多选项，且大多数都经常会用到，因此掌握ls是UNIX系统管理员的基本功之一。下面列出一些非常实用的ls选项： -a，列出所有本目录下文件，并包括所有文件名以.起始的文件。在UNIX中此类文件即是隐藏的，也就是说在不带-a的情况下ls无法查看这些隐藏文件。常见的隐藏文件如.profile、.bashrc等都是默认于用户主目录下，存储了该用户的自配置信息。 -l，以长格式显示UNIX的文件类型、权限、硬连接数（hard links，后文介绍）、拥有者、拥有者所属组、大小、最后一次修改时间以及文件名等等。 -F，在文件的尾部添加特殊字符以代表其文件类型，例如*表示可执行文件，/表示目录。 -R，同时列出所有的子目录信息。 -d，列出目录内容的同时显示符号连接或目录的信息，包括了连接的目标并列出目录的内容。 -I，列出所有文件的i-node号。 现在我们给出执行ls –la命令后的结果示例： -rw——- 1 gambill cls 10868 Jan 14 08:44 vm_mail drwxr-xr-x 2 gambill stdt 96 Jun 13 1999 wvannot 给出信息的第一列记录了文件类型和相关权限。其第一位字符通常表示文件类型，当文件类型为-时表示文本文件、可执行文件或硬连接文件；d表示目录；另外还有一些其它的文件类型标识，例如b块设备文件、l符号连接文件等等。 第一列剩余的9位字符记录了该文件的许可权限，其中每三位分别记录r读、w写和x可执行三类权限，并相应于文件所有者、该文件所属的组、以及其他任何人的权限。第三列是指当前文件的连接数，gambill是文件的所有者、其后即gambill所在的组。然后是文件的大小（以bytes为单位）、最后一次修改时间以及其文件名。
2.2 文件复制cp
cp option file1 file2
cp命令首先创建file2，然后将file1的数据拷贝至file2中。如果file2已存在，则覆盖源文件。选项i即当目标文件已存在时首先提示用户是否覆盖源文件，选项r支持拷贝目录及其全部内容至目标目录。
2.3 文件转移mv
mv option file1 file2
mv可以将file1移至file2，同时删除原有file1文件。mv一个常用场合是在修改文件名的时候。使用选项i可在当file2已存在时询问用户是否覆盖源文件。
2.4 文件删除rm
rm option files
rm命令删除files中列出的所有文件。选项i依然是在删除前询问用户是否删除该文件，选项r删除一个目录下的文件，并且删除其子目录下的所有文件，还有一个常用选项f即强制删除该文件且不用提示用户是否确认。 当用户确认要删除一个目录时，最好的办法是使用rm –rf来实现。 前面提到UNIX的文件名除字符slash外均可使用，假设pwd下某文件名为-i，那么按原方法应执行rm –i，鉴于i是rm的选项之一，因此这条command显然无法满足要求。因此大部分时间我们习惯将路径用.标识符标识：
rm ./-i
以上操作是没有任何问题的，但当我们使用grep搜索字符串-regulation时类似问题再次出现，且无法利用上述办法解决。为此UNIX的大部分命令约定–为选项域结束标志，那么这之后的-XXX就不会再被列入选项列表了，例如：
rm – -i
2.5 文件查找find
find的功能是在类UNIX平台上通过目录查找目标文件，它可以根据指定的目录信息，以及用户定制的规则（Criteria，plurality for Criterion）查找相对应的文件。不仅如此，find还允许用户定制对目标文件进行操作。
find verl.d ver2.d -name ‘*.c’ -print
以上是一个find应用示例，其选项含义如下： -name，文件名的匹配，允许使用文件名通配符 *、?和[ ]，文件名通配符描述串传递到find程序中，因此，应当用引号括起来，以免被shell展开。 -type，类型，其中f：普通文件，d：目录，l：符号连接文件，c：字符设备文件，b：块设备文件，p：管道文件，如：-type d。 -size，±n[c]，文件大小，正号表示大于，负号表示小于，无符号表示等于，其他与数量有关的选项，也采用这样的方式。 -
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to go and take stone and works of sculpture away with them.
But fortunately, because of these sands, because these sands shifted over time, with the winds, with the sirocco and so on, they eventually did their job by covering over a good part of the city, which was actually fortunate because it meant that everything that hadn’t already been looted by those treasure hunters was at that point preserved. It stayed covered, for the most part, until around World War II. At that time, in the twentieth century, Tripolitania was essentially a protectorate of Italy. And in, right at the time of World War II, and right after World War II, Italian archaeologists went in and excavated the site, and revealed it in the way that we can experience it, if we visit Leptis Magna today.
And if we visit Leptis Magna today, we’re going to see sights like this. What I’m showing you is a view from the air of the forum that was put in the time of Septimius Severus, the so-called Severan Forum of Leptis Magna. And you can see that this is another one of these “bigger is better” buildings. It’s extraordinarily large. And you can see that it is not in the best of conditions, that much of it has fallen down. We see extensive fragments of columns and entablatures and arcades and so on and so forth, strewn around the structure today. But there’s enough there that we can get a quite good sense, as we shall see, of what these buildings looked like in antiquity. If one goes to the sculpture depot, on the site, one can also see a host of sculpture; despite the looting, one can also see a host of sculpture that still survives.
In fact, it’s interesting, right in the center here we see a portrait of–who is it? Sorry to put you on the spot, but having taken Roman–it’s Augustus. Good, excellent. It’s the emperor Augustus, right there in the center, which proves, or which tends to make it likely, to support the point that this was an area that was built up under Augustus, and decorated with Augustan sculpture. We see a host of statues–men, women, fragments of body parts, including hands and arms, as you can see over here–at the depot. And this again gives us some general sense of how heavily decorated this town was in its heyday, with sculpture of the imperial family surely, and local magistrates, as well as gods and goddesses.
This is a plan of Leptis Magna as it would have looked in the ancient period. If we look at it here, we will see, number one that it is–you can tell very well from this that it was a port city, and that a port was built. You’re seeing the Mediterranean. Then you’re seeing a tributary of that river. And you can see, right below that river, you can see a sort of roughly circular area that was the port of Leptis Magna, not so different from the Port of Claudius, for example, at Portus. And then you see the rest of the city as it was laid out from the first century B.C. until, or through, the time of Septimius Severus. And if you look very carefully you will see a host of buildings. The one that’s right in the uppermost part there, closest to the harbor, is the Old Forum. It’s not on your Monument List, but I’m going to show it to you briefly.
If you go down from that, to the left, you will see the theater–that’s easy to pick out–the theater that was put up during the reign of Augustus. And, to the right of the theater, you see two circles there, that is the marketplace that was also put up during the age of Augustus. Down here, you see a very large bath, in the imperial bath type that was built during the reign of Hadrian. And then right above, to the right of the bath, you see the forum, as it was laid out–the forum, the basilica and the temple, as they were laid out during the reign of Septimius Severus. And then down here, to the left of the Hadrianic Baths, there was an arch put up on one of the streets; an arch put up also to Septimius Severus, which we will look at together today.
I want to begin with the Augustan remains. I’m going to show you two Augustan buildings from Leptis Magna. The first is the markets, and the second will be the theater; and they’re very interesting in all kinds of ways. You see a restored view of what the market would have looked like in the Augustan period. This is a restored view that comes from your textbook, from the Ward-Perkins. We know that the building dated precisely to 8 B.C., that is, in the reign of Augustus, 8 B.C. How do we know that? Because there is an inscription on the building that interestingly enough is written in both Latin and then has a neo-Punic translation. So this is a nod, still in the Augustan age, to the Carthaginian segment of the population, who still continue to live there, even with the Roman advent. So 8 B.C.
And as we look at this, we know, in fact, what was built in 8 B.C. was only part of this. It was the two pavilions, the two market pavilions that you see in the center here. This scheme of having a round or roundish structure, either one or two pavilions in the center of an open courtyard, is actually not special to Leptis Magna. We know this type in Italy. There are examples still preserved, for example, in Campania. I showed you one, although we didn’t discuss it in the plan of the Forum of Pompeii, for example. But so this is not–this is an idea that probably made its way from–may have made its way from Italy to Leptis Magna in the age of Augustus. We see it here, these two pavilions.
But if we look at these pavilions carefully, we see some interesting features. We see that the central element is indeed circular. There’s a circular wall here, that has in it arcuated windows and doorways, that pierce it and open it up. Then around it though, interestingly enough, we see that the staircase, the way in which the columns are arranged, and the roof, make up an octagon, make up an octagon, in the case of both of these pavilions. Now that is very, very interesting, when we talk about what happens first and where, in Rome itself, Campania, central Italy, or in the provinces. Because in this particular instance we are seeing an octagon extremely early. This is 8 B.C., the age of Augustus. We don’t see the octagon used in Rome until the age of Nero – until the Domus Transitoria, sort of, and then fully blown in the Domus Aurea, in the octagonal room of the Domus Aurea. So is this a formulation that begins first in the provinces, and ends up in Rome, or are again there some missing links? Were there octagons earlier in Rome that have no longer survived? It’s an interesting and almost certainly unanswerable question, unless something new is excavated that changes the picture. So for now it looks as if we see an octagon earlier in the provinces than we see it in Rome.
While the pavilions–and the pavilions were indeed these market pavilions. And by the way I should mention that there were no permanent markets here. There were temporary stalls that would’ve been set up daily between the columns, around the pavilions and the columns in the portico. The open portico was not done in 8 B.C., it was not done in the age of Augustus, but was added under Tiberius, Augustus’ successor, between 31 and 37 A.D., as is indicated on your Monument List. And there is a difference in the materials that were used here. And the materials, interestingly enough–and this is very important for our understanding of the evolution of architecture and Leptis Magna–during this period, the age of Augustus, local stone was used entirely. They used a local sandstone and limestone–I’ll show it to you in a moment–for these pavilions. And then when Tiberius added, or when the outer area, the portico was added, in the age of Tiberius, the columns were made out of a grey stone, but a grey stone that was also local.
So only local stone used here. No concrete used in this building. This is an entirely stone building, put up in the Augustan period in Leptis Magna. One of the pavilions, very well preserved, as you can see here. And you can see that we are dealing again with a very attractive local sandstone or limestone that is used for the structure, for the central pavilions entirely. And then you can see the contrast between the coloration of that and the grey columns, also local stone that are used for the surrounding portico. If we look at this pavilion, we can see both the central round element that I’ve already described, with its arcuated windows and doorways, on a tall base. We can also see the columns that surround it; and you can tell very well that these are Ionic columns. Some of them are columns; some of them are, in a sense, piers. They’re wider, and those wider ones are at the corners. And it’s interesting to see how the architects have gotten around the fact that they have to turn the corners in this octagon by making these wider and making them splay out on either side. You can also see some stone benches in between some, but not all, of the columns here.
Let me go back for a second, just to show you also that while the columns of the pavilions, or the macella–by the way, that’s the word in Latin, m-a-c-e-l-l-a, or macellum, m-a-c-e-l-l-u-m, in the singular–the columns, the capitals of the surrounding portico were Corinthian, as opposed to the Ionic ones that are used for the earlier market pavilions. Here’s another detail; this is the one that’s on your Monument List. And although it’s in black and white, doesn’t give you a sense of the coloration of the stone, it’s useful because you can see one of these piers that turns a corner better here, and you can also see that there are striations that make up the flutes of the pilasters that are located in between these arcuated openings on the central element. This is another view that shows you the less preserved second pavilion. You can see here again the color of the stone. You can see the way in which the piers turn the corner here, and get a sense of the remains, a further sense of the remains of the Augustan marketplace from this view.
Chapter 3. The Augustan Theater and the Hadrianic Baths at Leptis Magna [00:30:00]
The other Augustan building, as I mentioned, was the Theater of Leptis Magna, and this theater again also put up in the age of Augustus. It dates specifically to A.D. 1 to 2; so a very early Roman theater, and a quite well-preserved Roman theater. And we should think of it in connection to the other Augustan Roman theaters that we saw, for example, the Theater of Marcellus, in Rome. This one, as we’ll see, better preserved in some of its aspects than the Theater of Marcellus in Rome. If we look at the plan we see some interesting features. We see first of all that it corresponds extremely well to the theaters that we’ve seen thus far this semester; in that sense it’s a conventional building. I should mention that it is not built on a hillside, in the Greek manner, but is built on a hill of concrete.
We’re going to see that very little concrete is used in Leptis Magna, is used in Roman North Africa in general, where the work is primarily of stone, the buildings are made primarily out of stone. Very little concrete. But they did use it here to create a hill, a manmade artificial hill, out of concrete, on which they could rest the seats of the theater, or the cavea of the theater. The seats themselves are done in local stone. And we can also see the other features of the typical Roman theater: the semicircular orchestra; the semicircular cavea; the division of the cavea into these cunei or wedge-shaped sections. We can also see that the stage building–we know quite a bit about the stage building because it’s extremely well preserved in a way that the Theater of Marcellus, of course, is not. We see that it was made up of these three very large niches here, that have columns screening the inside, following the curvature, in fact, of those niches. And you can also see there are architectural elements in the center here that seem to project into that space. And this pretty early, this is A.D. 1 to 2.
So it does give us some sense–when we talked about painting and we talked about the fact that we see things in Roman painting of the Second Style–in particular, 60 B.C., 50 B.C.–that we don’t see in built architecture, and I mentioned at that time it’s conceivable that they are based on lost theatrical sets that were made out of wood. But a building like this, where we do have local stone used for this forest of columns that we see inside these niches–and I’ll show it to you, because it’s well preserved, in a moment–we get a sense of the kind of thing that may have existed, that may have had some impact on some of the paintings that we saw of the Second Style in places like Pompeii and elsewhere.
This is also interesting, because if you look–it’s hard, you can’t really see it in plan–but if you look at the very top of the cavea, the top of the cavea, in the center, was the location of a temple. And that temple was put up to Ceres, the goddess Ceres, C-e-r-e-s, the goddess Ceres; Ceres Augusta, so the Augustan version of Ceres. And that was at the very top, and that makes this temple a type of temple that we have not talked about this semester, and that is what is called a theater temple; a theater that has a temple as an integral part of it. This is not a new idea to Leptis Magna. We know, for example, in Rome that the Republican general Pompey built such a theater in Rome, a temple theater, a theater that had a temple at the apex of the cavea. It is not preserved, although there is enough evidence and fragments and so on for us to get a quite good sense of what it looked like, and it was one of these. So again, ideas that seem to have been developed in Rome first are making their way, in this case, to Leptis Magna.
Notice that the theater [correction: temple] at the apex is aligned with another theater [correction: temple] that’s located down here, a large, possibly a larger one. And this one seems to have been put up to the divine Augustus, or to a number of divi, and again purposefully aligned with the temple at the top. Here’s something very interesting. We see the porticus in the back; this porticus that we saw, for example, at the theater in Pompeii, the early theater in Pompeii, 80 to 70 B.C., as you’ll remember. We see it here, and you can see that it is not as regular as the porticus in Pompeii. And the reason for that is likely because of the preexisting buildings on this site.
And this is where we see a significant difference with the planning of Timgad. Timgad, again the Romans could just lay this out any way they wanted, because nothing was there and they chose this ideal castrum plan; and the theater and so on, very, very regular. Here they have to contend with earlier structures. They have to design their building keeping those in mind. They certainly don’t want to destroy temples, for example, or shrines of the locals. That would not be good politics, so they don’t. And they have to build their building with that in mind; and so we see some very unusual shapes here. It’s not what they would have done if they could have done differently, but they had to do it, given the reality of the situation.
This is a view of the Theater of Augustus at Leptis Magna, as it looks today. You can see once again that the stone of choice is local stone, local limestone and sandstone, for the columns, as well as for the cavea; but again the cavea rests on a concrete foundation. And we can see again what I described before: the three great niches, as well as these square elements, with columns, that project into our space, that give a very interesting scenic view of columnar architecture, that again gives us an idea of perhaps some of those temporary structures in wood, that would’ve had a significant impact on Second Style Roman wall painting.
This is interesting. This is an extremely well-preserved inscription that comes from the Theater of Leptis Magna, and is still preserved. And we can see here, as in the Market of Augustus that is in Latin, but also translated into neo-Punic, below. And I thought you might be interested in hearing what it says. And it says, and I quote–and I’ll do that in English: “When the father of the fatherland, Caesar Augustus, son of the deified Caesar“–namely Julius Caesar; so this is again one of the ways we know that this is an Augustan building–”was pontifex maximus”–that is, Chief Priest of Rome, because state and religion very closely allied in the Roman period, and Augustus was at one point both Chief Priest of Rome, as well as imperator or emperor–when Augustus was “pontifex maximus, vested with the tribunician power for the twenty-fourth time, being consul for the thirteenth time, a man by the name of Annobal Rufus, the adorner of his country–so he must have commissioned not only this but other buildings as well–the adorner of his country and lover of concord, priest, suffete, prefect of the sacred objects, the son of Himilco Tapapius, took care to build this at his own expense, and dedicated it.”
So here we see a good example of the sort of thing that we see often in the provinces; that is, buildings put up in honor of the emperors, during the period in which they reigned, but put up by major local benefactors, who have significant funds at their disposal, who want to do the same sort of thing that anyone who wants to put their name on a building
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of its apparatus. Mechanical work processes have grown immensely, both in number and in scope, and it is obvious that their automatism, controlled and watched as it is by man, in turn has its effect on man. The power that man gains by his automatic tools gains power over him. He is compelled to give them his thought and his attention. Inasmuch as he works with automatic tools, his work becomes mechanical and repetitious with machinelike uniformity. Automatism clutches the operator and never relinquishes its grip on him. To the consequences of this we shall return again and again. The invention of the automaton dates from antiquity, as is shown by the dove of Archytas and the robot of Ptolemy Philadelphos. These much admired mechanisms, like the automatons of Albertus Magnus, Bacon, and Regiomantus, were ingenious toys; nothing more serious. They evoked not only wonder, but also fear. The robot of Albertus Magnus, which could open the door and greet the visitor (the fruit of decades of effort), was smashed by the startled Thomas Aquinas with a blow of his stick. The intellectual fascination which machines have held for man from the earliest times is coupled with a presentiment of the uncanny, an almost unaccountable feeling of horror. We sense this in Goethe’s remark on the advance of mechanical factory work, and in the shudder with which E. T. A. Hoffmann and Edgar Allan Poe viewed the automatons and mechanical figures of the early nineteenth century, among which the mechanical flute player, the drummer, and Vaucanson's mechanical duck are the most important. This is the same horror that has of old seized man in the presence of clocks, water mills, wheels – in the presence of any work or contrivance which acts and moves although it has no life of its own. The beholder is not satisfied to study the mechanics; he is not satisfied with the understanding of their operation; he is disquieted by their mechanical action. This motion produces the illusion of life, and this illusion, once he has looked through it, is precisely what is so disturbing. Myths, sagas, and fairy tales recognize no distinction between animate and inanimate nature; they give life even to the lifeless by various personifications. That such a distinction is not recognized
is the basis of poetry which voices itself by metaphor, analogy, and image; it is the basis, too, of all epic song. Orpheus, for example, to whom was ascribed the gift of enlivening the very stones, is the arch poet and arch singer. The machine, however, gives the impression that something lifeless penetrates into, and permeates life. This is what the observer senses and what evokes in him ideas of age, coldness, death, akin to the awareness of a lifeless, mechanically self-repeating time such as clockwork measures. It is no accident that the clock was the first automaton to achieve signal success among men. In the philosophical system of Descartes, animals, which are treated as automatons, are nothing but clocks whose movements operate under mechanical laws. Here, then, we touch upon the problem of time, a problem which is inseparable from the automatism of motion. At this point, therefore, we shall have to deal with those theories about time which have had an influence upon technology and, next to that, with the role which the various methods of measuring time have exercised.
VIII - THE INVASION OF LIFE BY DEAD TIME Tempus absolutum, quod aequabiliter fluit. – Newton According to Galilean and Newtonian mechanics, time is an absolute. The time that Newton describes is a general and universal time – tempus absolutum, quod aequabiliter fluit ("absolute time which flows at an even pace"). According to Kant, time has no absolute reality, neither subsistent nor inherent. As a subsistent reality, time exists only in the myth, where Kronos unsexes his father with a diamond scythe, or in the heads of people who make time, the non-thing, into a thing. Nor does time have a reality inherent in things. Since time is an a priori concept, the connection between time and things is cut; experience cannot gain admittance. Kant uses his premise that the concept of time is given a priori to deny it absolute reality, either subsistent or inherent. This time, which neither represents anything in itself when I subtract objects from it, nor is inherent in things, is therefore an ideological concept, a form without content, an intellectual pattern. This pattern is not like an empty box or, as has been said, an empty apartment house. It can be likened to the emptiness of a box – without the box. If, then, time is not inherent in things one must conclude that all the dying, wilting, withering has in reality nothing to do with time, and that the language of all peoples, as it expresses the inherence of time in things through countless words, idioms, phrases and proverbs, is on the wrong track. According to Kant, holidays are contained in time, but time is not contained in holidays. Rhythm is in time, but time is not in rhythm. It follows that all this being born and dying, all this movement remains outside of time, time is merely an idea, an intellectual pattern which has nothing to do with things. For what have life and death, what has all this movement to do with time in that case? Even though Kant denies the absolute reality of time which Newton asserted, he does agree with Newton on other properties of time. He, too, has the notion of a single, universal, infinite, and infinitely divisible time that is irreversible and cannot be measured by itself but only by the time-space movements of bodies. Here, time always equals time. The relation of time particles is quantitatively measurable, but all these particles are alike in quality and
form. And these time particles, if they are not simultaneous, flow along in a steady stream like channeled molecules, but without being molecular by their nature. Or one could liken them to a reel which rolls off from infinity to infinity with unchanging, uniform speed. Kant's concept of time betrays that it was influenced and shaped by Galilean and Newtonian mechanics. Thereby it has become somewhat mechanical itself. For obviously, time is here understood as something lifeless, something rigid. And indeed, he who reads Newton's fundamental dicta on the nature of time receives an impression of death's majesty and of eternity's awe. Newton accords absolute reality to this linear, uninterrupted motion by which time rolls on inexorably. According to Kant, it is merely an intellectual construction, in which alone it has existence. Time, Kant states, determines "the relation of ideas in our inner state. And just because this inner vision takes no physical shape, we try to make up for this lack through analogies, and represent the sequence of time as a line going into the infinite, a line which reduces all things in a row to one dimension only. From the properties of this line we then conclude all the properties of time, with the sole exception that the parts of the line exist simultaneously, whereas the parts of time always follow one after the other.” However, there is still another reason for this linear concept of time. The concept is due to the fact that space and time are here understood as completely unrelated to each other. Neither space-times nor time-spaces are considered as existing. Linear time passes through space, without touching it; space stretches in a like manner through time. If this strict separation of time and space is accepted, then the linear concept of time remains, indeed, the one most intelligible and most convincing, since a uniform and undisturbed flow of time can only be imagined as a line. We mention this in view of those modern theories of physics in which this separation is replaced by an indissoluble union between time and space – a concept that leads to quite a different interpretation of the universe. To most people it is immediately convincing that there should be a single, infinite, and infinitely divisible time. Perhaps this is because it is analogous
to a single, infinite, and infinitely divisible space; perhaps, too, because this concept reduces everything to the simplest formula. Could it be that there are two, several, or an infinite number of times? If time is inherent in things in such a manner that the nature of the thing affects time, or the nature of time affects the thing, does it not follow that there must be an infinite number of times? Apart from the relations between things, must not there also be relations between times which are distinguished not only quantitatively by measurement, but qualitatively, according to their structure? Only so long as our theoretical perceptions remain limited to the field of the mathematical and physical sciences can we content ourselves with a mechanical definition of time. But if we break through these limitations, can such mechanical definitions continue to satisfy us? Can we then content ourselves with such statements as, for instance, that time exists a priori and is to be imagined as a line? Or that speed, within the same space, is in the inverse ratio of time? Here arises the question of the role which is played by our measuring methods, for we not only regulate time by means of clocks; these clocks in turn regulate our time. These two processes of measuring differ. When we study the relationship between them, it becomes clear that the measuring of time and its particles by means of timepieces that record the mechanical flow of time does not exist for its own sake. Rather, it is tied closely to the second measuring process whereby our timepieces regulate our time. This deadlock is by no means broken if we assume that a recurrent event in nature requires always the same amount of time. Instruments based upon recurrent natural events have been designed, such as the quartz clock. By such instruments time measurements can indeed be made independent from the rotation of the earth, the uniformity of which is doubtful. But the question still remains whether there are any uniform repetitions at all, whether in all nature there could be found two events which are exactly alike and different only in the moment of their occurrence. We shall not dwell upon this question which is only of theoretical interest here. We have pointed to it merely to show what counts in the measuring of time by instruments, namely, the mechanically precise phase duplication of
whatever the physics are upon which the method is based. The supposition remains that time equals time. If it is accepted, then the determination of the relation between the particles of time depends on the refinement of the methods that can yield constantly more exact measurements. In this measuring process the relation between absolute and empirical time is for the moment of no importance. From the assumption of an absolute time in the sense of Galilean and Newtonian mechanics, and especially from Newton's definition of time, the conclusion is that time, while it is being moved, does not move itself or change itself. It moves like a machine, that is, it works like an automaton. For if time moved and changed itself, then it could not "flow at an even pace," as Newton states. Without this assumption there could be no timepieces, for they all depend on the existence of uniform repetition. For the practical purposes of time measurement, it does not make the slightest difference whether we ascribe to time an absolute reality, or whether we consider it a transcendental ideal and an empirical reality. All these definitions, no matter how conflicting in ideology, remain without influence upon time-measuring methods. Improvement of those methods goes on regardless of theoretical disputes.
IX - THE TYRANNY OF CAUSALISM OVER MAN Natural science is not conceivable without a recognition of the mechanical element in nature. When natural science goes to work it must discover and determine "that principle of the mechanism of nature without which no natural science could in any case exist" (Kant). Why can there be no natural science without this mechanism? The answer is, that without mechanics there can be no standards which are constantly valid and calculable. Without mechanical laws, that exactitude could not be achieved which in itself is nothing but the mechanical certainty that identical causes always produce identical effects. Thus we are justified in calling the natural scientist a mechanic who deserves scientific respect only in so far as in his thinking he retraces the mechanism of nature. This applies no matter whether the scientist works experimentally or theoretically. Anything beyond is not a part of natural science – for instance, all those disciplines that cannot neatly be reduced to mechanisms. Thus, there can be no scientific aesthetics or physiognomy, and any attempt to establish them as sciences is justly met with distrust and rejection. Lichtenberg's objections to Lavater's physiognomy are irrefutable. There are excellent physiognomists, but there is no way of making physiognomy an exact science. The natural scientist will always exhibit a tendency to delimit his science as sharply and as narrowly as possible, to make it completely methodical, to systematize it. Natural science thus limits itself to what can be proved mathematically, or to that to which the law of causality applies, or to the purely functional. These efforts which, like every heavy fortification of national borders, often give an impression of fear, originate psychologically from a desire for security. A mechanical concept of time is a precondition to the discoveries and inventions of the exact natural sciences. Without it no natural sciences could exist The scientific concept of exactness and the mechanical concept of time are so inseparably joined that they cannot be divorced from each other in any respect. Without timepieces, there would be no automatons, no science, for without the time-measuring methods on which science is based, science would get nowhere. Scientific methods are not possible without constant
control through time-keeping devices. And only when these achieve reliability and exactness can engineering, industrialism, our whole technology exist. Without such time-measuring exactitude it would have been impossible, for example, to construct railroads. For the operation and maintenance of a railroad require clocklike exactness; they presuppose the precise calculation of a schedule that recurs with mechanical uniformity. Is not the railroad itself a clockwork of which we demand that it be "on time," that is, punctual to the minute? When we study the apparatus and the human organization that have been created by our technology in step with its evolution, it becomes clear that they too depend on the mechanical concept of time, the only concept which can guarantee technical progress. How clockwork-like is not the whole order of modern civilization, how relentlessly does not technical progress strive to subject everything to this clocklike precision: man's sleep, his work, his rest, and his pleasures! Causalism – a point to which we shall return – can become a tyrant only where its cycle through time becomes mechanically calculable and repeatable, where it can be broken up into a line-up of functions. Where causalism becomes dominant, it produces a mechanical order akin to it; it brings to the fore a watchmaker mentality. Where are the limits of this mentality? If the universe were to be conceived as a big clock and every movement in it as mechanically measurable and predictable, then the high goal of scientific-technical thinking would be the comprehension of this central mechanism. And the application of that knowledge would mean the complete mechanization of man.
X - THE VICTORY OF DEAD TIME OVER LIFE TIME Clock time is lifeless time, tempus mortuum, in which second follows second in monotonous repetition. Lifeless, clock-measured time flows along side by side with the life time of man, but aloof from it, utterly regardless of the high and the low tides of life where no two moments are alike. To the reflective mind, the clock summons up the thought of death. The figure of the dying Charles V, pacing among the clocks in his collection and attempting to regulate their movements, emits the frost of death. He watches, and he listens to, the passing of time that inevitably leads to death. The constant sight of clocks all around us has accustomed us to seeing in them mere time-keeping devices. But in an era when the public clock, visible from far off, was still looked upon as a rare masterpiece, it proclaimed an unmistakable Memento mori, "Remember you will die." A study of the artist's use of the clock as a symbol of death would yield abundant material in this respect. One need think only of Holbein's "Dance of Death," with death holding the hourglass in its bony fingers. The beholder of a clock becomes conscious of time only in its emptiness; all time that enters our consciousness in this fashion is dead time. An automaton gives us the same feeling of lifeless, mechanically repetitious time; it is nothing essentially but a timepiece, which performs smoothly within the dead clock time. Without clocks there are no automatons. Thus, a connection, indeed, exists between the triumph of Calvinism in Geneva and the establishment of the watchmaking industry of that city in 1587. Calvin had developed the idea of predestination with an inexorable logic, with a consistency never matched in the Catholic church, neither by Augustine nor by Gottschalk, nor by Wycliff, nor by the Jansenists. The doctrine of God's decree of reprobation, placed prior to man's fall by the stricter school of Calvinism, reaches in its more ardent advocates a mechanical severity. In reading Calvinist theologians, one cannot escape the impression that they conceived God as the Great Watchmaker, and that Calvinism even more than Lutheranism constitutes a starting place for causalist thought. Even Luther's strict doctrine of predestination, side-
stepped and weakened by the formula of the concordat, still lacks the clocklike exactness of Calvinist theology. We may recall here that Rousseau was both a Calvinist and a watchmaker's son. He became a Catholic, returned to Calvinism, and dedicated the second of his prize essays, Discours sur l’inegalite, to the Great Council of Geneva. The history of the origin and gradual development of clocks tells us how the measuring devices that control the flow of time have become progressively more refined and more exact. The precision of chronometers and chronometric methods shows the increasing importance accorded to them. Let us remember the almost simultaneous invention of the pendulum clock by both Ruyghens and Hevelius, an invention based on Galileo's studies of falling bodies. Such simultaneity gives a fine illustration of the determined thought at work for this development. Today, the minutest particles of time are measured with precision. Technical centers furnish and equip man with the exact time. More and more clocklike traits invade man's life and man's work. The question must be asked now what all this is driving at. Time-measuring methods are not ends in themselves. They serve to organize time, to rationalize time, to measure out more and more sharply the consumption of time. Only measurable, exactly repeatable time is of interest to the epistemologist, the scientist, the technician. For such time, and into such time, he builds his chronometers, his automatons. And with this lifeless time one can do a lot of things. Measuring methods can subdivide it at will. It can be patched together, as pieces of leather are combined to form a belt, or links to form a chain running over a toothed wheel.3 It can be split and chopped up at will, something that cannot be done with life time or with the organisms living in it: seeds, blossoms, plants, animals, men, organic thoughts. This is why technology works with fragments of time, and just as it has special designers for every single machine part, so it employs timestudy experts
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西共和国、俄联邦、英帝国、德意志联邦共和国、日本等国购入新式武器和弹药，周密狠抓军备，值得一提的是，一九〇三年大韩帝国还从东瀛购进3000吨级的军舰“扬武号”，1905年七月由南韩军部炮工院长李玑钟与“胜立丸”（购入后称“扬武号”）全数者扶桑三井物产株式会社的表示小田柿次郎签订购买合同，以55万比索成交。一九〇二年八月131日，“扬武号”驶入春川港，由于南韩时代凑不齐钱而推迟移交，直到同年1月5日才正式购入，舰长为留日学生慎顺晟。关于购买“扬武号”动机，东瀛驻韩代理公使萩原守一说“此次合同完全是因为韩帝个人突然闪现的一种好奇心所致”，但也有或许是为了组建大韩帝国海军，前文已提及在1899年高宗就准备设立海军，购入“扬武号”时，军部大臣尹雄烈也以此为契机奏请设立海军，然而被议政坛以“既无养成之士卒，又此经费之苟且，而空军之径先设施，甚不服帖”为由否决了。
高宗针对大韩帝国军实行的一比比皆是改良措施并不是为着直接抵御海外侵袭，而是以镇压本国人民起义为第2目标。高宗鉴于1894年东学党起义及日军攻入景福宫之事认定内耗必将导致外侮，而中华夏族民共和国的义和团事件更让她相信那一点，由此大韩帝国军的中心军的效益是守卫宫室，地点军的意义是镇压活贫党、东学余党、民扰、火贼等，一切以保险国内稳定为至要。不过社会舆论多对高宗的扩充军备政策持否定评价，如《皇宫信息》在1901年10月刊登的一篇名为《兵强不如国富》的篇章中以为“小编韩非子但兵弱，国亦不富，为先天计，少校得其人，兵勇数千，教练精铳，镇靖内部处理，足矣。急务之所抢先者，教育人民，警醒怠惰心；勤课农业，顿消饥寒色。勉进商务，旺财货物来源；发达工作，滋蔓创建场。外国出口倍多，银秤收入巨大，国势稍振，民气稍苏，然后广设海师海军，准备炮台战舰，专横跋扈，亦何患乎俄日之强耶？”[24]
一九零零年又央求“军事军费亟宜裁整”，反对扩展军费。而且高宗的军队改良也收效甚微，1905年日俄战争后大韩民国又被日本控制，大韩帝国军未有任何抗拒，直至沦为日本珍重国乃至被私吞。
第一次朝俄密约事件是怎么回事，朝鲜高宗李熙的王妃明成皇后简介www.463.com。衰老解散
日俄战争后东瀛操纵高丽国，东瀛又开头再一次练习高丽国三军。同时在东瀛的要求下，从一九零三年十二月起，大韩帝国军的局面日益压缩，亲卫队裁撤，镇卫队削减，大校府解体，大韩帝国军的兵力锐减至九千余人。1902年八月1二十二日《甲午条约》签订后，大韩帝国沦为东瀛爱惜国，引发全国各市的义兵运动，大韩帝国军又奉命去镇压。时人黄玹写道：“十年养得貔貅队，只管腾腾杀义兵”。
但是，多数韩军依然爱国的，所以扶桑直接打算将韩军完全解散。一九零八年十二月，温尼伯密使事件东窗事发，印度人和亲日派借此逼高宗太岁退位，其间首尔SEOUL市民掀起大规模游行示威，反对高宗退位，驻扎汉城典洞的侍卫队第二联队第③大队也加入其间，袭击东瀛的钟路警察公安局，杀死杀伤10多名东瀛商民。四月十三日，高宗被迫让位太子李坧，是为朝鲜纯宗。东瀛派驻南韩的统监伊藤博文趁机加紧对大韩民国的决定，于1月214日与大韩帝国内阁总理大臣李完用签订《第一回日韩协约》，规定解散高丽国军旅。当时大韩帝国军由2个联队的侍卫队和几个大队的镇卫队组成。一九零八年11月七日晨7时，南朝鲜傀儡政坛将大韩帝国军侍卫队各队长召集到驻韩日军司令部大观亭，宣读以纯宗天皇名义下达的解散诏敕，称：
“朕惟时值国事多艰，极力节略冗费，应用于采纳厚生之业，以前天之急务也。窃惟作者今后军队由佣兵组成，故未足为上下一致国家完全之防卫。朕图从今刷新军制，专力养成营长，他日揭橥征兵法，具备加固之兵力，是以朕兹命有司，除选置皇室侍卫之须求者外，其余一律解队。朕顾念汝等将卒宿积之劳，特随其阶级，颁与恩金，汝等将官和校官上尉卒，克体朕意，各就其业，期无愆焉。”
同日晨8时，大韩帝国军的东瀛教练员栗原大尉诱使侍卫队放下武器，报到并且接受集练习院进行解散仪式。此时传回侍卫队第②联队率先大队长朴升焕开枪自杀的信息，激起了大韩帝国军的顽抗激情。他们“闻大队长之死，打破武器库，放铳作闹”“举皆出队，机关炮弹丸如雨”，在首尔SEOUL与日军实行巷战，击毙了席卷日军政大学尉梶原义久以下31名日本军官和士兵。到正未时，大韩帝国军弹尽粮绝，战死67人，负伤100多少人，被俘560余人，其他败退，参与义兵反日斗争行列。别的原州、江华等地镇卫队在面临解散时也掀起暴动。由此解散大韩帝国军引发了义兵运动的高潮。
明成皇后(土耳其（Turkey）语：명성황후，1851年—1895年)，朝鲜近代史上的女外交家，本名闵兹映(민자영，一说闵紫英或闵贞镐)，本贯骊兴闵氏。明成皇后生前并不是“皇后”，而是大清帝国属国——朝鲜国的贵妃(藩属皇上主的正妻只好称“妃”)，其最高级职责称也是1895年十月所封的“王后”(当时高宗的名号晋升为“大君王”，王妃也随即升为“王后”)，由此历史上通称为“闵妃”。她是朝鲜王朝高宗李适的王妃，骊兴闵氏外戚公司的主旨人物，19世纪末朝鲜的其实统治者。
闵泳焕出身于朝鲜王朝的世家大族骊兴闵氏，是朝鲜肃宗时的大臣闵维重的7世孙。闵泳焕是闵谦镐的长子，而闵谦镐是兴宣大院君之妻——骊兴府大妻子闵氏的胞弟，更是后来权倾朝野的妃嫔——闵妃的堂兄，因为闵泳焕有了这几层坚固的背景，他新生的仕途可谓布帆无恙，极尽荣华富贵。闵泳焕的娘亲出身达城徐氏，也是达官贵人。徐氏还在怀孕时，就梦见了获得了三颗明珠，又梦见诸位长老穿着公服，在正堂罗拜闵谦镐。咸丰十一年壬子(1861年，朝鲜哲宗十二年)二月八日，闵泳焕出生于朝鲜都城首尔SEOUL(今南朝鲜首尔)。由于徐氏梦见明珠，因此取名为“焕”。后来他被过继给大爷闵泰镐为养子。
爱新觉罗·爱新觉罗·载湉四年(1878年，朝鲜高宗十五年)，闵泳焕参与科举考试，获庭试文科丙科及第，初步踏入政界，此时他年仅十10虚岁。初授待教，光绪帝七年(1881年，高宗十八年)升任同副承旨，后又任成均馆大司成、都承旨等官职。光绪帝八年(1882年，高宗十九年)八月，壬申兵变发生，闵泳焕的生父闵谦镐成为众矢之的，被起义军民杀死。闵泳焕由此辞官，为闵谦镐收尸并办理后事。等到2半年的守制期结束以往，闵泳焕被起复为吏曹敬伯议。丙寅政变以后进入中枢，历任工曹、吏曹敬伯判、内务府协助实行、典圜局总办、开城府留守、沿海防营使、首尔府右尹、前后营使及刑曹、礼曹、兵曹判书等。清德宗十七年(1891年)7月因其养母身故而丁忧，光绪十九年(1893年)十八月又被起复为刑曹判书，到戊子中国和日本战争爆发以前历任首尔府判尹、议政坛左参赞、内务府督促办理、吏曹及刑曹判书等要职。
闵妃是佥正闵致禄之女，1866年被册封为朝鲜王妃。当时朝鲜高宗的生父兴宣大院君李昰应摄政，一味选取视而不见路线。而后闵妃鼓励高宗接纳开化政策并引入东瀛势力，在朝野扶植亲信，任用亲族出任要职，排斥大院君势力。闵妃在与大院君争权的经过里面与亲日的解冻派势力分路扬镳，偏向亲华，数次用到西楚势力扫除政敌以求掌权。
至辛亥大战(高丽国称：清日战争)东瀛打败中夏族民共和国未来，遭亲日开化派夺权而失势的闵妃欲转与俄罗丝搭档对抗东瀛，由此引发1895年11月26日的“壬申事变”，日本公使三浦梧楼策划东瀛浪人及乱军入侵景福宫，于文华殿杀害闵妃，焚毁其尸体，并威迫高宗废她为老百姓，直至两年后1897年，高宗改国号为“大韩帝国”，自称天皇，才将闵妃复位并追谥为“明成皇后”，厚葬于首尔SEOUL东郊清凉里的洪陵(后迁往金谷洞)。由于明成皇后早期主张开放、前期力抗东瀛并身死殉难，故深受后世大韩民国国民的保护。
闵泳焕在立刻和闵泳骏、闵泳韶、闵泳达并称“闵氏四巨头”，他蒙受高宗和闵妃宠幸，“颇用事受赂”。他在首尔中还兼具二个大公园，“亦可知近日富贵之极也”。清廷驻朝大臣袁世凯（Yuan Shikai）曾以“纨绔骄侈”四字形容闵泳焕。后来丙寅农民战争总领全琫准也将闵泳焕显然列为卖官鬻爵之人。可知闵泳焕与其他干预政事的外戚势道并无二致，所以她在当下的评论不高。另一方面，袁慰廷视闵泳焕为亲俄派人员，称他串通穆麟德举办亲俄排斥华人活动。但仔细考察闵泳焕的言行，其实是亲华排俄的，他曾对“现宫内景况，阴结穆氏(穆麟德)，藉俄为援，欲图中华人民共和国”的意况感到忧愁，袁容庵亦承认闵泳焕“稍有畏祸之心”并来附托自个儿之事。尤其是在丁酉中国和日本战争前夕，闵泳焕私撰之时务策——《千一策》中，更是发自出显著的亲华色彩。他认为中中原人民共和国是朝鲜唯一能够相信依靠的国家，这点虽是“小编国(朝鲜)之人稍有知识者”的共同的认识，但他又说朝鲜必须自强，不然“父不分财于荡子”，中中原人民共和国是不会扶助不或然自强的朝鲜的。他还鲜明反对亲俄言论，强调：“中、东相孚，自古已然，论其程度则只隔一水，论其人物则亦是同种，论其交情则便似兄弟，论其专属则无差距唇齿。俄联邦则境界隔远，人物相殊，情谊既无，依附奚恃?然而舍数千年相孚之谊，取一朝夕新知之交，不合于义矣;背兄弟之情，而昵豺狼之群，反受其害矣。且俄罗斯有吞并天下之志，中华夏族民共和国有固植东藩之虞。侵占天下，则作者国亦入于并吞之中矣;固植东藩，则我国必居于固植之先矣，如是则何者为益，而何者为损乎?”所以乙丑战争前的闵泳焕应属于亲华派而非亲俄派。
人物一生
外交形势
入宫为妃
光绪帝二十年(1894年，高宗三十一年)五月现在，日本决定了朝鲜政党，并将闵妃公司赶下台，另立以金弘集为首的亲日政权，并引起乙酉中国和东瀛战争。闵泳焕即使失势，但仍以“别入直”的身份时常入宫与闵妃联络。开国五百四年(1895年，高宗三十二年)五月17日，闵泳焕被任命为进驻美利坚同车笠之盟特命全权公使。但她还没来得及下车，就发出了闵妃在景福宫中被日本人暗杀的“乙卯事变”。闵泳焕得知噩耗将来，“痛冤崩迫，如不欲生，惟韬晦是务，不欲与闻朝政”，并归隐京畿道加平郡乡第。直到建阳元年(1896年)十一月八日，闵泳焕被任命为特命全权大使前赴俄罗斯帝国新国君Nikola二世的即位典礼举行祝贺，他才再次出仕。而这一次他身上装有主要职责，即寻求俄国的护卫以进一步牵制扶桑势力。在闵泳焕出使此前，俄罗斯驻朝公使韦Bell、朝鲜亲俄派总领李范晋和在俄联邦公使馆的高宗共同商定了求助陈设，首要不外乎五项内容，即：
闵妃(明成皇后)是�
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