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布达佩斯的犹太人，让人在晚上，让你在一起，让你的感觉和你一起玩，而不是在跳舞，然后吃个零食。不可能是在迪拜的历史上，忘记了希特勒的所有的东西斯波克·斯提奇原始的原型，——从一开始，所有的人都开始了。2004年，在北境大楼的街道上区域他们在一个社区里建立一个社区的人，让他们在一个““自由的地方”里。不想让他们更喜欢住在建筑上，然后把它从建筑上拿出来，然后把它从建筑上拿出来，然后把它从别的地方拿出来，然后把它变成一种混合的东西，然后把它变成一种摇滚明星。
这个项目是个新的开发商，把它卖给了一个新的传统。在这个城市里，是在新泽西的郊区，在当地的新社区生活趋势。在城市中的一种不同的城市，建立了一种不同的环境，而在现代环境中，创造了一种独特的环境，使环境变得很复杂，而且却被破坏了。在大的停车场，甚至包括“甚至”，甚至有一台甚至是他们的车，甚至可以让人做。
在布达佩斯广场，在白天，在夜间活动活动中，社区活动活动，包括社区和其他设施，包括社区的活动。每天早上在超市的超市每天都在超市，一个人平板电视和市场。
在布达佩斯，被遗弃在聚光灯下，没有人会看到自己的耻辱。这会持续到未来的迹象。<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>My Dog is Limping
When a dog limps, he is usually doing so because one or more of his limbs hurt or because his normal range of motion has somehow been altered. The most important initial distinction to make is whether the limp is bad enough to prevent the dog from bearing any weight on the affected limb.
What to Look For
The next step is to try to first identify which limb has the problem and then to pinpoint exactly where the source of the problem is. To figure out which limb is bothering your dog, watch him walk for a while. Usually a dog will come down heavier on his healthy limb and avoid putting substantial weight on the limb that is bothering him. You can identify this by observing your dog's head when he walks. The comfortable limb will be placed on the ground and his head will go down at the same time. His head will tend to come up when the uncomfortable limb is on the ground.
Next, you'll need to examine the limb that's bothering your dog. I like to start by examining a limb that I'm pretty sure is uninjured, starting at the toes and working my way toward the body. This gives me an idea how the dog responds to pressure he is not accustomed to so I can compare it to his response to similar pressure on the affected limb. It may also instill some trust in a dog, who might otherwise think I'm trying to take advantage of his injury.
Examine each of the following areas:
Webbing: The spaces between many dogs' toes are connected with soft skin that stretches and provides a large surface area for swimming. This skin is often sliced by sharp objects a dog is likely to walk on, such as glass and metal. If such a slice is bleeding, stitches and antibiotics are usually appropriate. In addition, foreign objects - such as gravel, tar, and thumbtacks - can get wedged in between a dog's toes, causing a limp that should resolve once they are removed. A variety of masses, cysts, and infections, however, can arise between a dog's toes and should be evaluated by your veterinarian.
Pads: Dogs have six protective pads on their front paws (this includes the one at the back of their carpi, or “wrists”) and five on their hind paws. These are usually leathery in texture and are simply a thicker form of skin than exists elsewhere on a dog's body, with a higher percentage of hardened protein-rich tissue called keratin.
Like the rest of a dog's paw, these pads can be sliced by sharp objects and can bleed if cut through the outer “horny” layer. They can also develop warts, become sensitive from walking on hot surfaces, and can grow abnormally hard, dry, or irritated due to chemical exposure or dietary imbalances.
Joints: Any one of the many joints in a dog's limbs can be the source of enough discomfort to result in a limp. Discounting the multiple joints of the paws, there are three major joints in each limb of a dog. A dog's front limb consists of the carpus (or wrist), the elbow, and the shoulder. The hind limb includes the tarsus (or ankle), the stifle (or knee), and the hip. Check each of these joints by applying light pressure and then increasing the pressure to moderate. If no discomfort is noted, try gently lifting the limb and slowly duplicate a normal range of motion. By supporting the entire limb, you can examine each joint in isolation and hopefully identify the source of the limp.
Bones: There are approximately 321 bones in a dog's body. Bruising or fracturing of many of them could cause enough discomfort to result in a limp. Check the leg bones by visual observation first. Look for swelling, bleeding, or other signs of injury or asymmetry. Similar to examining the joints, examine the long bones of the limbs by applying mild to moderate pressure along their entire length. You can verify any suspected irregularity or abnormality by comparing it to the other healthy limb.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Quanti vivono dopo la rimozione dello stomaco a causa dell'oncologia?
Il cancro dello stomaco è nelle posizioni di partenza nella parte superiore dei tumori più pericolosi e comuni. Ma i moderni metodi diagnostici possono rivelarlo anche nella fase iniziale. Quando il tumore è localizzato sulla membrana mucosa dell'organo, non si metastatizza ancora, è molto più facile e sicuro rimuoverlo, la prognosi in questi casi è abbastanza favorevole.
Diagnosi e specificità del trattamento chirurgico
Il metodo principale per identificare e analizzare l'oncologia del tubo digerente è la fibrogastroscopia (FGS) - esame dell'esofago utilizzando uno speciale strumento endoscopio. Spesso, durante questa procedura, il paziente viene sottoposto a biopsia, cioè un campione della mucosa gastrica viene prelevato (a volte da più punti) per i test di laboratorio (analisi del succo per reazioni, sangue nascosto, i suoi componenti). Cosa mostra una biopsia dello stomaco. Il compito principale dell'analisi è di confermare o negare la presenza di un tumore, per rivelarne la natura: benigna o maligna.
È molto importante consultare un medico in tempo, non perdere il momento giusto e iniziare il trattamento in modo tempestivo. Sfortunatamente, questo non è sempre possibile anche per le persone attente alla loro salute. Dopo tutto, quante vite sono state perse a causa del fatto che il cancro di questo organo nelle fasi iniziali è quasi asintomatico. Le sue manifestazioni cliniche sono spesso confuse con i segni di altre malattie e non attribuiscono un significato speciale a loro.
Il principale metodo di trattamento del cancro gastrico rimane chirurgico:
- resezione subtotale (rimuovere quasi tutto il corpo del corpo).
- resezione 2/3, 3/4 dell'organo (resezione distale);
- antrumectomia (ritaglia la parte pilorica dello stomaco);
- Gastrectomia (rimozione completa dell'organo). Questa tecnica viene utilizzata quando c'è un tumore maligno, un'ulcera incurabile, un'anemia grave. È considerato palliativo, cioè la vita non si prolunga in modo significativo, ma elimina la sofferenza.
Nelle fasi iniziali, l'outlook è sempre positivo. Quasi sempre si usa il metodo della laparoscopia endoscopica (la procedura viene eseguita attraverso punture nella cavità addominale con l'aiuto di uno strumento speciale - un laparoscopio, che taglia il tumore). Durante l'operazione, il chirurgo deve necessariamente rimuovere l'apparato legamentoso, l'omento maggiore e parte dei linfonodi interni (dissezione dei linfonodi), poiché sono i più suscettibili alle metastasi.
Gli oncologi giapponesi suggeriscono di estendere l'area di rimozione durante l'intervento, poiché, secondo i ricercatori, questo prolunga la vita del paziente del 15-25% della prognosi standard. Ma un tale punto di vista non è ancora generalmente accettato. La rimozione chirurgica di un tumore allo stomaco non dovrebbe solo proteggere una persona, ma anche garantire comfort e ritorno alla capacità lavorativa.
Per aumentare l'efficienza, la resezione dell'organo nel cancro può essere completata con la chemioterapia (la moderna polichemioterapia prolunga la vita del paziente anche con un tumore non operabile), la tecnologia del trattamento endolinfatico (introduzione di farmaci speciali attraverso i linfonodi). Il medico può anche radioterapia preoperatoria per aumentare le possibilità di successo. Di norma, se è approvato, spendi 3 corsi prima e 3 dopo laparoscopia.
Suggerimento: prima dell'intervento, il paziente deve imparare tutto sulla tecnica del suo funzionamento, le previsioni, le attrezzature. Dopo tutto, l'uso di tecnologie imperfette provoca lo sviluppo di gravi complicazioni e quante persone per questa ragione sono state disabilitate, nessuno lo saprà per certo.
Dopo l'intervento chirurgico, è prevista la probabilità di complicanze cardiovascolari (in particolare, la formazione di coaguli di sangue) e il sistema polmonare. Ciò è in gran parte dovuto non ad un errore da parte del medico, ma alla presenza di una malattia concomitante. Il rischio aumenta per i pazienti da 60 anni, perché il 65% di loro soffre di malattie croniche. Può anche essere infiammazione purulenta-settica, sanguinamento, fallimento dell'anastomosi (la divergenza della cucitura è stata osservata in circa il 3% dei pazienti). Negli istituti di profilo non oncologico la probabilità di complicanze aumenta più volte.
Funzionalità nel cambio di potenza
La dieta durante la rimozione dello stomaco durante l'oncologia è principalmente finalizzata a ripristinare il processo di assimilazione del cibo, il corretto metabolismo. I pasti della dieta dovrebbero essere scelti in modo tale che questo rapporto di nutrienti sia realizzato:
È necessario abbandonare i prodotti che provocano gonfiore, carne, chicchi di caffè. È necessario mangiare il cibo in piccole porzioni, necessariamente frazionarie (5-6 volte al giorno). La sua temperatura dovrebbe essere la temperatura ambiente.
Consiglio: con la composizione della dieta, preferisci le insalate (spinaci, asparagi, barbabietole, carote), frutta matura, cereali facilmente digeribili, latticini, olio naturale. Assicurati di seguire le dinamiche di aumento di peso, se è stato notato un calo. La qualità e la velocità della riabilitazione dipendono da questo.
La dieta dopo l'operazione con un'ulcera allo stomaco è molto simile a quella descritta sopra, ma si concentra ancora sulla consistenza semi-liquida dei piatti, non usando verdure fresche ma cotte.
Statistiche dell'aspettativa di vita dopo la resezione
La vita di termine dopo rimozione dello stomaco per cancro in ogni caso è individuale
Quanti vivono dopo l'intervento? La sopravvivenza dipende dallo stadio della malattia e dalla qualità del trattamento. La prognosi è questa: nelle principali cliniche, il tasso di mortalità dopo la fine delle operazioni radicali (per rimuovere l'organo) non supera il 5%.
Se viene utilizzato un trattamento radicale, circa il 95% dei pazienti si sente bene per almeno altri 10 anni. Con l'implementazione della resezione subtotale, completa rimozione dello stomaco, circa 5 anni vivono dal 60 al 70% delle persone. E nelle fasi successive della probabilità di vivere altri 5 anni c'è solo il 30-35%.
Prevenzione del cancro gastrico
- Conduci uno stile di vita sano.
- Osservare pasti adeguati e regolari (non si può mangiare troppo, mangiare un sacco di cibo in scatola, sottaceti, carni affumicate, sottaceti, enfatizzare verdure, verdure, frutta, cereali integrali, latticini nella dieta).
- Smetti di fumare e alcol.
- È necessario impegnarsi attivamente nell'esercizio fisico, nello sport.
- Sottoporsi a esami preventivi.
Per evitare il cancro, ognuno dovrebbe prendersi cura della propria salute e sottoporsi a fibrogastroscopia profilattica ogni anno. Almeno 2 volte durante lo stesso periodo, i pazienti con disturbi sistemici dell'apparato digerente, coloro che sono a rischio (età 60 anni, predisposizione genetica, malattie croniche) dovrebbero visitare il medico.
Dopo 45 anni, i gastroenterologi raccomandano esami regolari 1 volta in 2 anni. Il cancro dello stomaco può svilupparsi anche con una piccola ulcera, che sarà saturata da cellule patologiche, quindi il problema della prevenzione e del monitoraggio della loro salute è cruciale.
Vita dopo resezione dello stomaco. indubbiamente continua, ma è necessario apportare alcune modifiche e cambiare il solito stile di cibo. Circa 1 milione di persone sono ammalate con questo organo alla fine di questo organo sul globo, e questo non dovrebbe essere dimenticato. È anche importante ricordare che la qualità della vita alla fine di un trattamento radicale del cancro dipende dallo stadio del tumore al momento di andare dal medico. La probabilità di una prognosi favorevole è molto più alta con il pronto inizio della terapia.
Attenzione! Le informazioni sul sito sono fornite da esperti, ma sono solo a scopo informativo e non possono essere utilizzate per l'auto-trattamento. Assicurati di consultare un medico! È possibile registrarsi per un ingresso pagato. selezionando un medico e facendo clic sul pulsante "iscriviti".
Come vivere dopo la gastrectomia senza uno stomaco
Le persone che si trovano ad affrontare la rimozione dello stomaco e che hanno perso la naturale possibilità di un trattamento chimico e meccanico del cibo nello stomaco dovrebbero adattarsi a principi anatomici e fisiologici della digestione completamente diversi. Seguendo le raccomandazioni del medico sulla dieta e lo stile di vita, è possibile vivere senza uno stomaco quasi allo stesso ritmo.
Quando viene eseguita un'operazione
L'operazione di rimozione completa dello stomaco o gastrectomia è grave e traumatica. Spesso si tratta di una misura estrema, che ricorre ad essa se è noto che il trattamento conservativo non sarà in grado di salvare il paziente.
Durante l'operazione di rimozione dello stomaco, l'esofago è completamente collegato direttamente al duodeno.
- Il motivo per tale operazione il più spesso diventa un tumore maligno.
- Molto meno frequentemente, la gastroectomia viene eseguita per un tumore benigno, ad esempio, poliposi mucosa multipla, perforazione della parete dello stomaco o sanguinamento ulcera peptica.
Se il motivo dell'operazione era un tumore maligno, viene eseguita una gastroectomia espansa, cioè contemporaneamente alla rimozione completa dello stomaco, escissione degli epiploon, della milza e dei linfonodi regionali.
Adattamento dei pazienti dopo gastrectomia
La riabilitazione e l'adattamento alle nuove condizioni nutrizionali dura circa un anno. Durante questo periodo, possibili complicazioni:
- Esofagite da reflusso Infiammazione della mucosa dell'esofago, dovuta all'abbandono dei contenuti intestinali e della bile dall'intestino tenue.
- Sindrome da dumping Si verifica a causa dell'ingestione di cibo non trasformato nell'intestino ed è accompagnato da crisi vegetative - vertigini, sudorazione, debolezza, palpitazioni e talvolta dopo aver mangiato un singolo vomito.
- Sindrome anemica.
- Rapida perdita di peso
- Ipovitaminosi: la maggior parte delle vitamine viene assorbita nello stomaco. In sua assenza, le connessioni necessarie non vengono digerite. Correzione - somministrazione parenterale di complessi multivitaminici.
Questi sintomi concomitanti sono annotati da tutti i pazienti, comunicando sul forum e condividendo le loro esperienze mentre vivono dopo la rimozione dello stomaco.
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method is based on the knowledge that the people a person comes to know in a lifetime are made up of various subpopulations (e.g., categories of people, such as family, doctors, mailmen, people named “Rose,” etc). If we know the size of a subpopulation from publicly available statistics, such as how many mailmen there are or how many people there are named “Rose,” and we know how many people a person knows from this subpopulation, we can make an accurate estimate of a person’s total network size.4 This approach assumes that the composition of people’s social networks mirrors the presence of a specific subpopulation in society (e.g., if one out of 100 people in the population have a characteristic, 1/100 people in a person’s network should share this same characteristic).
This assumption is generally true, but can be further adjusted to increase accuracy, which depends on four other factors. The first is network knowledge (e.g., you may know someone, but not know they are a mailman). The second is recall accuracy (e.g, people tend to overestimate the number of people they know from small subpopulations and underestimate from larger ones). The third is knowledge of a large number of subpopulations, and the fourth is exposure or social mixing (e.g., older women may have been exposed to more people named “Rose,” than, say, younger men). To maximize the accuracy of our estimate we did four things: 1) we asked about subpopulations that have high recall – people’s first names, 2) we chose names that represent between 0.1%-0.2% of the population – subpopulation sizes that has been found to minimize recall errors , 3) we used a relatively large number of subpopulations – 12 unique names, 4) and we selected a balance of male and female names that were popular at different time periods – they roughly balance each other out in terms of likelihood of exposure over time and minimize any bias as a result of age and gender.5. We used data on the popularity of first names provided by the U.S. Census.] Scaling up using this method, we found that the (see Appendix B, Table B1, for a detailed table):
- average American has an overall network of 634 social ties
- average internet user has 669 social ties, compared with non-users, who have an average of 506 ties.
- average cell phone user has 664 social ties
- average SNS user has 636 social ties
Similarly, the more frequently someone uses the internet, the larger his network tends to be. The average person who uses the Internet at home several times per day, has a network of 732 ties, while someone who uses the Internet only once a day has a network of 616 ties.
In addition, mobile phone users average 664 ties, and those who have internet access through a mobile device like a smartphone or tablet computer tend to have about 717 ties.
Self-selection for social networking site platforms means that LinkedIn and Twitter users have larger overall networks.
While the average person who uses a SNS has about the same number of social ties as the average American, there is considerable variation by SNS platform. Users of MySpace (694) and Facebook (648) have a statistically similar number of social ties. Users of LinkedIn (786) and Twitter (838) have significantly larger overall networks than Facebook users (see Appendix B, Table B2, for a detailed table).
Once we control for demographic factors, most types of technology use are not related to having either a larger or smaller number of overall social ties (see Appendix C, Table C1, for the regression analysis). For example, LinkedIn and Twitter users have more overall social ties because of the demographics of their users. When we control for demographic factors, we find no difference in the size of people’s overall networks based on which SNS they use. LinkedIn users tend to have more friends because, unlike most social media, they are disproportionately male, and they also tend to have more years of formal education. At the same time, while Twitter users are more likely to be women than users of any other SNS, they are also disproportionately more educated. As a result, on average Twitter users tend to have larger social networks.
Mobile phone use and instant messaging users are associated with having a larger overall network.
Unlike the use of specific SNS platforms, the use of a mobile phone and the use of instant messaging services (IM) are associated with having more overall friends, even when we controlled for demographic factors. Mobile phone users have social networks that are on average 15% larger (an additional 73 ties) than those who do not use a mobile phone. Those who use instant message tend to have 17% more social ties than those without the internet and those who do not use IM (an additional 85 ties).
We do not know if mobile phone and IM users have larger social networks because of how they use these technologies, or if they use these technologies because they have larger networks. It is possible that the relationship runs in both directions. Either way, if loneliness is measured by the deficit of social ties, we find no evidence that technology plays a negative role. On the contrary, the use of a mobile phone and IM are associated with larger overall social networks.
Overall, Americans have more close friends than they did two years ago.
We found that the average American has just over two discussion confidants (2.16). This is a modest, but significantly larger number than the average of 1.93 core ties reported when we asked this same question in 2008 . Similarly, 9% of Americans reported that they had no one with whom they could discuss important matters; significantly less than the 12% of Americans who told us in 2008 that they had no one with whom they could discuss important matters. In addition to fewer people being socially isolated, more people reported having more than two confidants than was reported in 2008. On average, one in five Americans added a new close social tie over the past two years (see Appendix B, Table B3, for a detailed table).
The average user of a social networking site has more close ties and is half as likely to be socially isolated as the average American.
The average internet user is less likely to report having no discussion confidants (7%), and they tend to have more close ties (average of 2.27) than non-internet users (15% of non-internet users have no close ties, and they average 1.75 discussion partners). SNS users are even less likely to be socially isolated; only 5% report having no discussion confidants, with an average 2.45 close ties.
Facebook users have more close connections.
However, as when we examined the size of people’s full social networks, much of the difference in core network size and the use or non-use of different technologies can be explained by the demographic differences between internet users and those on the other side of the digital divide (see Appendix C, Table C2, for the results of our regression analysis) .
Education is one of the strongest predictors of having more close social ties. For example, those with a 4-year university degree average 12% more close ties than those with only a high school diploma (we also note that we again replicate a well-known finding on social networks, while women’s overall networks tend to be smaller; they have more close social ties – about one extra core confidant).
Still, even when we control for demographic variables, we find that the use of some technologies are still associated with having more close ties. Here are the examples:
- Internet users average 14% more discussion confidants than non-users.
- Those who use instant message average 12% more core confidants than other internet users, or 25% more than non-internet users.
- The use of SNS in general was not found to have a negative relationship with the number of overall close ties. However, frequent users of Facebook have larger core networks. For example, someone who uses Facebook a few times per day tends to have about 9% more strong ties.
To summarize, then, after we control for demographic characteristics, we do not find that use of any SNS platform is associated with having a larger or smaller general overall social network. However, we do find that Facebook users are more likely to have a larger number of close social ties. Facebook use seems to support intimacy, rather than undermine it.
How much of Facebook users’ overall network is connected on Facebook? About half.
Using our scaling-up method, we compared the size of Facebook users’ overall network to the number of people that they had friended on Facebook. We also asked Facebook users to report on how many of their Facebook friends were family, coworkers, neighbors, classmates or former classmates, and contacts from voluntary groups of which they are a member.
The average adult Facebook user reports that they have 229 Facebook friends. When we compare the number of Facebook friends to the number of active social ties in people’s overall social networks, we find that the average user has friended 48% of his/her total network on Facebook. However, we also find something that at first glance seems unusual.
Some 11% of Facebook users report having more Facebook friends than their estimated overall network size.
There are two possible explanations for this trend. The first is that these extra people are actually strangers, not truly “friends” at all. The second is that these people are not strangers, but are “dormant ties.” Dormant ties are social ties that were once potentially very important and active in someone’s social network, but for various reasons, such as moving or changing jobs, have become dormant. Since they are not active ties, these ties are not as likely to be recalled by respondents as part of the method we used to measure total network size. To conclude if these are strangers, or if they are dormant ties, we need to know more about the composition of users Facebook “friends.”
The largest single group of Facebook friends consists of people from high school.
We asked people to classify their Facebook friends into the following categories: immediate family, extended family, coworkers, neighbors, people they went to high school with, classmates from college/university, members of voluntary groups/associations, people they had never met in person, and people they had only met in person one time. We found:
- The average Facebook user’s friends list consists of 56 people from high school; 22% of their total friends list.
- This is followed by extended family, which make up 12% of people friends list, coworkers (10%), college friends (9%), immediate family (8%), people from voluntary groups (7%), and neighbors (2%).
- Over 31% of Facebook friends are not classified by Facebook users as family, coworkers, neighbors, classmates from school, or people from voluntary groups. We speculate that these remaining ties are predominantly dormant ties and friends-of-friends.
Only a fraction of users’ Facebook friends are people users have never met in person or met only once.
A very small number of Facebook friends are people that we might refer to as strangers. The average Facebook user has never met in-person with 7% of their Facebook friends. An additional 3% are people they have only ever met in-person one time.
Social networking sites are increasingly used to maintain contact with close social ties
While most people tend to have a very small core network of close social ties, a large segment of users maintain these ties using social networking services. Fully 40% of social networking site users have friended all of their core discussion confidants. This is an increase from 29% in 2008.
In 2008, it was primarily SNS users under the age of 23 who friended their closest social ties. In 2010, with the exception of those who are 50-65, 40% or more of social networking site users in all other age groups – including those over the age of 65 –have friended all of their core discussion confidants.
Are social networking site users’ overall social networks less diverse?
We measured the diversity of people’s social networks in terms of the variety of people they know from different social positions (this is a broad measure of diversity, not specifically a measure diversity in terms of people’s contacts with those from other racial or ethnic groups, or their political perspectives.) Our measure is based on the understanding that people in different social locations in society can provide different types of resources. People in high prestige positions tend to have social resources tied to income, education and authority, while those in lower prestige positions have special skills and can offer unique opportunities. The more different people someone knows, the more likely he or she is to have access to a range of resources. We asked people if they knew anyone in twenty-two different occupations that ranged in occupational prestige.6 We transformed these items into an additive scale that ranged from 0-100 to ease interpretability.
The average internet user’s network is more diverse than those who do not use the internet.
In 2010, the average American scored 42 on the scale of network diversity. This is identical to the findings reported in Pew Internet’s 2008 report on social isolation . On average, internet users (who score 43 on our diversity scale) have significantly more diverse social networks than non-users (who score 38) (see Appendix B, Table B4, for a detailed table).
Self-selection for social networking site platforms means that LinkedIn users have more diverse social networks than users of other social networking site platforms.
There is variation in the diversity of SNS users overall social networks depending on the platform they use. On average, LinkedIn (47) users have overall networks that are more diverse than those who use MySpace (37), Facebook (39), and Twitter (42) (see Appendix B, Table B5, for a detailed table).
However, the difference in overall network diversity between users of different SNS platforms can be explained by the characteristics of users that are drawn to each site (see Appendix C, Table C3, for the results of our regression analysis). Controlling for demographic factors, we find that internet users score just over 3 points (3.3) higher on the scale of diversity. But we find no relationship between the use SNS and the diversity of people’s overall social networks – use is not associated with a more or less diverse network.
Nonetheless, we do find that those internet users who maintain a blog are likely to have slightly more diverse networks. The average blogger scores more than 3 points (3.4) higher than other internet users.
How strong is the relationship between internet use and the diversity of people overall social networks?
Education is the best predictor of a diverse social network. Each year of education is associated with 1.5 additional points on the diversity scale. From this perspective, internet users have a boost in network diversity that is equivalent to about two years of formal education, bloggers have a boost of about four years.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Toothache cannot always be avoided but a good dental routine is the best way to prevent it from happening. Brushing teeth properly twice daily, flossing and regular check-ups at the dentist are all necessary for maintaining teeth and gums in top shape but this may not always be enough.
Principal reasons for toothache include:
– Overly vigorous brushing
– Teeth grinding
Aching teeth could also be indicative of “a case of severe tooth sensitivity” which may be a result of chipped or damaged tooth enamel. Your dentist should always be informed of any toothaches to evaluate the situation and further reading on the topic can be found at https://yourdentalhealthresource.com/what-are-the-causes-of-toothaches/<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>章节目录 第四百一十一章 崇明（2）
在原崇明县城以西二十里处，长沙洲上，新建的崇明新城。新城以胶泥夯土所建外面包了一层砖，城高两丈，周长四里，内可容纳三四万人口。
城内新规划了两条十字交叉的街道，街道中心是新建的肃虏侯府，由于一切初创，仅仅建了一栋大殿几处偏房。
大殿正中议事厅中，崇明的众文武正聚集一堂，进行议事，第一个议题，就是随迁百姓的安置工作。
“经过统计，此次随我军来崇明岛的共一万三千五百二十一户，计十九万两千八百人。”沈廷扬先向任思齐报告了迁移百姓的详情，此次百姓的安置，任思齐已经责令沈廷扬全面负责。
撤出扬州的百姓共八十余万，路上坚持追随的也有三十万人，没想到抵达崇明的还不到二十万！
因为任思齐对扬州士绅的打压，使得大部分的士绅富户们都不愿跟随，他们虽然逃出了扬州也只是避开清兵的锋芒，等风头过去之后估计大部分人会重新回到扬州城中，选择做大清的顺民，这一批人以及他们的亲戚家族就占了扬州人口的一半。还有很大的一部分人是有亲友可以投靠，或者乡下有田产土地，出城后选择了自行离开。而真正选择跟从岱山军撤退的只是一些相对贫困没有多少出路的平民，这一批人大概有三十万人。
可是在图赖所部对撤退队伍的反复袭扰中，很多百姓被杀，一部分聪明者觉得跟着大队前进会成为清军屠杀的对象，从而自己偷偷的离开了。真正坚持到最后的也就不到二十万人。
可是就这么多人已经很难安置了！崇明岛上原有的人口也才万余人，现在一下子涌入了这么多。
“已经把他们安置到了岛上各处，围着滩涂沼泽所在，下一步就是组织他们围着滩涂开荒种田。”沈廷扬介绍着移民们的安置情况，崇明岛上荒芜的很，多处是沼泽滩涂，四处长满了芦苇。好在现在已经进入了夏日，移民们随便找个地方就能安家，安置下来之后，他们自己就会想法修建自己的家园。
“粮食现在储备如何？”任思齐问起了最关心的问题，岛上现在这多人，粮食的供应最为关键。
“这一个月来，我们派出大量的船只四处购买粮食，现在岛上储备了有三十多万石粮食，省着点吃够吃三四个月吧。而且咱们可以派出大量人手出海打渔，岛上的妇人孩童也可以在海滩上捡拾鱼贝，粮食供应倒不是很紧张。”沙福向着任思齐介绍道。
早在下令撤出扬州之前，任思齐就命令崇明岛上的沙福等人大肆采购粮食，从扬州富商那里缴获的数百万两银子派出了极大用场，每日都有无数
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با پروانههای اجتماعی معمولی که در دنیا میبینید متفاوت باشند.
ممکن است از نزدیک شدن به آنها بترسید، اما نترسید: این افراد مهربان هستند و بیش از آنچه انتظار دارید به احساسات شما پاسخ خواهند داد. در اینجا شواهد زیادی وجود دارد که نشان میدهد محبت به سرعت بازمیگردد، پس خودتان را افشا نکنید. این فرد شگفت انگیز برای شما مناسب نیست، او منتظر است تا خود را معرفی کنید.
قلب آبی
ایده سنتی قلب آبی یک قلب سرد است … آیا این برای شریک زندگی شما صادق است؟ بیایید دریابیم.
چیزی که من را در مورد کارتهای خواندن شما جلب میکند این است که هیچ یک از آنها احساسات زیادی را ایجاد نمیکنند. من احساس می کنم که طرف مقابل شما آرام تر و منطقی تر خواهد بود، به خصوص با کارت اعتدال . این بدان معنا نیست که آنها دوست ندارند و سرگرمی های خود را ندارند، اما ممکن است در نشان دادن احساسات خود محتاط تر باشند.
چرا اینطور است؟
شخص مهم شما از یک رویداد منفی بزرگ در علامت وارونه جان سالم به در برده است که آنها را در مسیر بیداری معنوی قرار داده است. آنها شخصیت خود را به طور اساسی تغییر داده اند. منتظر کسی باشید که معنویت پیدا کرده باشد، وسواس رشد شخصی دارد یا تغییرات عمده ای را در آنچه در زندگی برایش ارزش قائل است، پشت سر گذاشته است.
اما این اتفاق تاثیر بسیار مثبتی بر آنها گذاشت. این ستاره نشان میدهد که اگرچه ممکن است به اندازه دیگران احساساتی نباشند، اما همچنان به همان اندازه اهمیت میدهند – حتی به افرادی که به خوبی نمیشناسند. مجانی می دهند و می دهند.
این به خاطر کارت ملکه پنتاکلس برای شما و کسانی که در حلقه نزدیک آنها هستند آشکارتر خواهد بود . این یک کارت ارائه دهنده است و جفت روح شما فردی عملی و دلسوز است. حتی اگر از لحاظ کلامی و فیزیکی در جمع محبت نداشته باشند، در خانه بسیار دوست داشتنی خواهند بود و احتمالاً زمان زیادی را با شما سپری خواهند کرد.
به نظر می رسد هدف آنها در زندگی اطمینان از همسویی زندگی آنها با ارزش هایشان باشد. این بدان معنی است که حتی اقدامات معمولی روزانه نیز بخشی از یک برنامه شخصی بزرگتر است. این کسی نیست که بی پروا زندگی کند، همانطور که کارت اعتدال او نشان می دهد ، و بسیار صبور است. طرف مقابل شما برای رسیدن به سبک زندگی مورد نظر شما سخت کار خواهد کرد.
با این حال، مواردی وجود دارد که باید از آنها آگاه باشید. کارت کاهن اعظم معکوس نشان می دهد که طرف مقابل شما ممکن است کمی درونگرا باشد. شاید می خواهند از دنیا کناره گیری کنند. من فکر می کنم این به این دلیل است که آنها با وجود بیداری معنوی درک کمی از شهود خود دارند، بنابراین دائماً روی رشد معنوی کار می کنند. آنها احساس گمراهی می کنند و می خواهند خودشان را پیدا کنند.
من احساس میکنم که طرف مقابل شما یا شما لیاقت زندگیای را که میخواهند ندارند، بنابراین ممکن است از ترس اینکه بهعنوان یک کلاهبردار تلقی شوند، از شما و حتی خودشان رازها را پنهان میکنند. این ممکن است به این معنی باشد که رابطه شما گاهی دشوار خواهد بود. آنچه شما باید در این مورد بدانید در مرحله آزمایش است: بعید است که شریک زندگی شما خود واقعی خود را به شما نشان دهد و مدتی طول می کشد تا از پوسته خود خارج شود.
شما باید کارهایی را در رابطه انجام دهید تا به آنها بفهمانید که یک تعهد مادام العمر جذاب و ضروری است.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>at the effect their system and laws had on our first formed governments and how it has helped mould our government of today.
I will examine if throughout the years, the progression of new laws and 'acts' eventually gave Australia full and true independence from British rule.
Paragraph 1-2 will explain how, from early settlment in the late 1700s, to the beginning of federation in 1901, the laws (legislation and the court systems) which were formed to accomodate the new fast growing colonies of Australia.
Paragraph 3 explains the evolution of the new colonies and the problems that arose from their seperate legal systems.This led up to' Federation' In Jan.1901, with the eventual joining of the colonies and the newly drafted Constitution.
Paragraph 4 tells how the Constitution changed the government into a federal government and what those changes entailed. Some of the first arguments and reasons from those who opposed federation and the new system are given.
Paragraph 5 shows how the Constitutution and federation established a federal system of government, with the one central government(Commonwealth)and regional governments(States).
Paragraph 6 states how the central government was divided into three seperate branches, all with seperate powers.It shows what those seperate powers entail and how they effect each branch.
Paragraph 7 shows how the Australia's growing independence away from Britain led to new systems of government such as the 'Statute of Westminster' .This system however still allowed Britain several legislative and constitutional links to State government so the 'Australia Act 1986' was assented, rendering the Australian states as subject to Britain.
Paragraphs 8-10 shows how over the years, political parties were formed to voice both opposition and approval to the remaining ties Australia still has to Britain. This led up to the question of 'should Australia become a republic' and a referendum was held in 1999.Arguments for and against Australia becoming a republic by both parties(ARM & ACM) are mentioned.
Paragraphs 11-12 describes events in which the office of the Governor-General had used its 'reserve powers' as written in the Constitution to effect the outcome of Australian political situations.
In 1787 the first shipment of convicts set sail for the newly discovered land known as New Holland, later renamed Australia .They arrived on January 26th 1788. The British Crown Colony settlement of New South Wales was established. As British settlers overseas, the the colonists were entitled by British tradition to govern themselves. 'The first settlers also came with the authority of 'The First Charter of Justice', which provided for the establishment of civil and criminal courts'(Hudson & Sharp1993,p12). Later, seperate new colonies were run under the same system of law.
The main colony of New South Wales which was a penal colony established it's own legislature in 1823 and formed the Legislative Council. The courts however practised like military tribunals rather than British courts and was often arbitrary as there was no trial by jurys. In 1814 a Second Charter of Justice established three new courts of civil juditure, The Governors Court, The Supreme court and the leuitenant Governors Court.(Hudson& Sharp1993,p27).
After a change of government in Britain colonial councils were told they could write up their own constitution for self government, local new laws were produced. Concerns over their validity however prompted the Imperial Parliament of Britain to pass the 'Colonial Laws Validity Act 1865' which defined the colonial parliaments constitutional limits. The 'Act' did state however that if any law passed were at odds with...<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Why Recital is so important
Monday, June 8, 2015 by Jacqueline Savage | Recital
Published: Jun 8, 2015 | Category: Performance and Recital
This is fantastic article that explains why the piano teacher believes recitals are so important. Please check it out!
By Andrea Dow
12 REASONS WHY RECITALS ROCK
1. recitals provide a tangible goal to work towards. In having a set date and a pre-planned performance selection, your child learns how to manage their practice time and what it feels like to polish and perfect a piece.
2. Recitals provide an opportunity to feel successful. Learning the piano requires many, many hours of solo practice. Performing gives your child the recognition they deserve for their hard-work.
3. Recitals provide an opportunity for you to show your child that you value their involvement in music. Setting aside time in your busy life to attend a recital supports your children and their peers and shows your child that your family values music.
4. Recitals provide a chance for your children (and you!) to reflect upon where they've "come from" when watching beginning students. Progress at the piano can sometimes feel slow, but watching younger students perform reminds your children of the gains they have made and motivates them to continue to progress.
5. Recitals provide a chance for your children (and you!) to see "where they'll go" when watching more advanced students.
?There are few things more motivating to a piano student than watching their peers perform. They get to hear pieces that they will enjoy playing in the future, see more advanced technique first-hand and experience the pride that comes from becoming proficient at the piano.
6. Recitals provide a chance for your extended family to be involved in your child's piano education. Athletes get all the glory...everyone comes soccer games but no one really heads over to watch piano practice session! Involving grandparents and aunties and uncles in the recital audience gives your child an opportunity to share their hard work with the ones they love.
7. Recitals provide a chance for your child to experience nervousness...and to realize that those feelings are okay. we like to protect our children from feeling uncomfortable, but in "real life" these feelings are part-and-parcel of being human. Early experiences with successfully conquering nerves gives children confidence.
8. Recitals give you the opportunity to provide genuine and heart-felt praise. Bring on the photos and videos and big hugs and flushed-face smiles. Clap enthusiasticallly. Let your child know just how much you recognize their efforts and watch their commitment to piano lessons soar.
9. Recitals provide a chance for your child to practice public speaking and to gain confidence in front of a group; two skills that will serve your child well in many other areas of his or her life. Speaking and performing in a safe environment means that your child gains important experience in front of a crowd. The earlier these experiences happen, the easier it becomes for your child as they enter adolescence and adulthood.
10. Recitals provide an opportunity for your child to get to know his or her peers who are also taking lessons. Making these connections helps to build community within a studio and helps your child to feel as though he or she belongs which results in increased interest in lessons.
11. Recitals give your children the chance to hear live music! Young children rarely attend a lot of live concerts...and piano recitals are a wonderful place for your child to hear a wide variety of music. Nothing can replace the "live music experience" and when your child is an active participant in the event it's even more rewarding!
12. Recitals provide an opportunity for you to sit back and marvel at the pride-inducing sight of yoru own child making beautiful music! Piano practice is often done amongst a busy household with siblings, pets, vacuums, dishwashers and doorbells. It's rare that you have the opportunity to focus only on your child and the music they are making. These moments matter.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>There's Nothing Small About Shrimp's Carbon Footprint
There's perhaps no other animal on Earth so synonymous with all things diminutive as the modestly framed shrimp -- but, as it turns out, not everything about those famed crustaceans is small. Biologists say that common shrimp farming methods across Asia are so devastating to fragile ecosystems as to make ordering a simple shrimp cocktail one of the worst things you could do for the environment in the name of grabbing some grub.
In an attempt to measure the economic costs of deforestation and habitat loss, Oregon State University biologist J. Boone Kauffman set out to quantify the oft overlooked true pricetag of harvesting shrimp. According to the researcher, over half of the shrimp consumed in the world originate from farms in Asia, with most of those farms having been established on land where mangrove forests once stood. And, as if that weren't bad enough, the ecologically impactful farms are horribly inefficient.
How's this for mindboggling: it takes five square miles of cleared mangrove forest to produce just over two pounds of shrimp -- and that land is typically left depleted within ten years and rendered unusable for another forty. By comparison, the devastation left behind from cattle-ranch deforestation seems, well, quite rosy.
"The carbon footprint of the shrimp from this land use is about 10-fold greater than the land use carbon footprint of an equivalent amount of beef produced from a pasture formed from a tropical rainforest," Kauffman tells the AFP, via Phys Org.
All told, says Kauffman, what might seem like an exotic culinary treat really adds up to something jaw-droppingly unsustainable; a serving of a mere 3.5 ounces of shrimp carries with it a carbon footprint equally 436 pounds of CO2!<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Ulusal Afet ve Yönetim Organizasyonu (NADMO) tarafından yapılan açıklamada, Volta bölgesindeki Agalarkope kentinden Dzemeni köyüne yolcu taşıyan bir teknenin aşırı yük nedeniyle battığı belirtildi.
Açıklamada, olay bölgesinde yapılan arama kurtarma çalışmalarında 1 kişinin cesedine ulaşıldığı, 24 kişiden hala haber alınamadığı kaydedildi. Yetkililer, kaybolanları arama kurtarma çalışmalarının sürdüğünü aktardı. Gana'da yağış sezonunda, nehirlerde zaman zaman tekne faciaları meydana geliyor.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Dilbilgisi Terimleri isimli konularda İngilizce dil bilgisi kapsamında terim ve tanımları ele alacağız. Aşağıda bildirim cümleleri (declarative sentences) ile ilgili hazırladığımız konu anlatımı ve ilgili örnekleri bulabilirsiniz.
İngilizcede bir bilgiyi ya da bir gerçeği aktaran cümlelere ‘declarative sentence’ yani bildirim cümlesi denir. Bu cümle yapısı adından da anlaşılabileceği üzere bir şeyi bildirirler. En sık karşımıza çıkan cümle türü bildirim tümceleridir. Aşağıda bildirim cümlelerine örnekler verilmiştir.
Ankara is the capital of Turkey.
Ankara Türkiye’nin başkentidir.
She always combs her hair.
Saçını hep tarar.
I am studying English now.
Şu anda İngilizce çalışıyorum.
Bildirim cümlelerin dışında İngilizcede emir, soru ve ünlem cümle yapıları da bulunmaktadır. Bu yapıları birer örnekle gösterelim.
Emir Cümlesi – Imperative Sentence
Emir ya da nazik ricalar bu cümle yapısı altında yer alır. Bildirim cümlesi gibi bir emir cümlesi de (özellikle nazik rica bildiren emir cümlesi) nokta ile biter. Diğer emir cümleleri genellikle ünlem işareti ile son bulur. Örnek verecek olursak;
Give me my money back!
Paramı bana geri ver!
Please give me my money back.
Lütfen paramı bana geri ver.
Please sit down Mr. Kerag.
Lütfen oturun Mr. Kerag.
Soru Cümlesi – Interrogative Sentence
Her türlü soru ifadesi için kurulan cümlelere soru cümlesi denir. Bu cümleler soru işareti ile biter. Örneğin;
Can you give me my money back?
Paramı bana geri verir misin?
Can you do that for me?
Bunu benim için yapar mısın?
Ünlem Cümlesi – Exclamatory Sentence
Bir duygu ya da ünlem aktaran cümlelere ünlem cümlesi denir. Bu cümleler ünlem işareti ile biter.
He took my money!
Paramı aldı!
Look! Look at the colours!
Şuna bak! Renklere bak!<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>The Rwandan genocide began 25 years ago. However, the deadly repercussions are still being felt. One only has to look to the neighboring Democratic Republic of Congo, writes DW’s Dirke Kopp.
Stroll through the Rwandan capital, Kigali, today and you’ll encounter well-kept streets, new skyscrapers and business centers – a modern city. And yet, 25 years ago, these same streets – and roads throughout the country – were lined with hundreds of thousands of corpses. The putrid smell of decay hung the air.
It has been a quarter century since nearly 1 million people, most of them from the Tutsi minority group but also members of the Hutu majority, were massacred in Rwanda in the space of a few months.
It took a long time for the massacre to be recognized as a genocide against the Tutsis, and for the world to say that it would “never again” look the other way.
And yet, the world continues to look away every day. Not in Rwanda. But in Yemen, Congo, Myanmar, South Sudan, in the Sahel. It’s not always conspicuous mass killings. Instead, many smaller attacks occur on a daily basis, and they’re largely ignored.
Arms in the wrong hands
At the moment, Germany, France and the UK are arguing about whether they should supply Saudi Arabia with weapons – and if yes, which weapons.
And yet, all three countries must be aware of what happens when weapons are sold to the wrong people. Recently, a DW report revealed that German arms are being used by Saudi forces to kill innocent people in the Yemen conflict.
In Rwanda, it emerged afterward that France had been supplying weapons to the regime until just shortly before the genocide. And instead of protecting civilians with the Operation Turquoise military intervention in June 1994, the French army allowed the perpetrators, along with their weapons, to retreat to what is now the Democratic Republic of Congo.
The people in Congo have been suffering the effects of this failure ever since. Barely a day goes by without massacres and attacks by armed groups in eastern Congo. But because it’s happening a little each day, and far away in small villages, the violent killings are largely ignored by the media. The international community only tends to react when the body count hits 100 or more.
To compare the numbers: The Rwandan genocide cost the lives of around 800,000 people. But in the aftermath of the massacre, millions of people have been killed in eastern Congo in the last 25 years, in what to this very day is a sort of “collateral damage” of the Rwandan genocide.
On a recent visit to the Kigali Genocide Memorial, Congo’s new president, Felix Tshisekedi, remarked that this “collateral damage” has not spared his country, which has “suffered the loss of millions of lives”.
Mr Tshisekedi’s visit to Rwanda could be a first step toward reconciliation between the two neighboring countries, which have been at odds for more than 20 years. The root of the tensions has always been about domination in the region and Congo’s resources.
Repression to prevent another genocide
Rwandan President Paul Kagame’s authoritarian style of government – often referred to in the West as a “developmental dictatorship” – punishes his critics
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şen etler tencereden alınır, suyu ayrılır. Düdüklü tencereye 2 yemek kaşığı zeytinyağı konur. Üzerine domates ve biber salçası eklenerek kokusu çıkana kadar kavrulur. Üzerine arpacık soğanlar, karabiber, kimyon ve etler eklenir ve karıştırılır. Etin suyu yemeğe ilave edilir ve 1 tatlı kaşığı tuz da konarak biraz daha pişirilir.2 adet patatesin kabukları soyulur ve iri küpler halinde doğranır. Sudan geçirilen patateslerin fazla suyu kağıt havlu ile alındıktan sonra, kızgın yağda kızartılır. Patatesler kızarana kadar biraz daha pişmeye bırakılan yemeğin içine patatesler de eklenir ve yaklaşık 5 dakika daha düdüklü tencerenin kapağı açık olarak pişirilir.
Papaz Yahnisi servise hazırdır.
Tüm yörelerin yemek tariflerini görmek için TIKLAYIN<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>۶۰۰ مدرسه در جاکارتا به دنبال کم شدن محدودیت های کرونایی و پس از موج ویرانگر اخیر همه گیری کرونا در این کشور و به رغم هشدار فدراسیون معلمان اندونزی نسبت به شیوع دوباره این بیماری با سویه مسری تر دلتا، بازگشایی شد.
به گزارش خبرگزاری « رویترز »، مقامات اندونزی اعلام کردند سرعت ابتلا به ویروس کرونا در جاکارتا پس از موجی از این بیماری که در ماه گذشته این کشور را به کانون همه گیری ویروس کرونا تبدیل کرده بود، کاهش یافته است. در موج مرگبار اخیر این بیماری بیش از ۴ میلیون مورد شناسایی و ۱۳۱ هزار مورد مرگ و میر گزارش شد.
با این وجود به دنبال کم شدن محدودیت های ویروس کرونا « آنیس باسودان » فرماندار جاکارتا گفت از ۱۰ هزار مدرسه، ۶۱۰ مدرسه در شرایط بی خطر می باشند که در ماه آوریل به شکل آزمایشی بازگشایی شده بودند و اکنون با ۵۰ درصد ظرفیت بازگشایی می شوند. وی در ادامه افزود، شرایط همه گیری ویروس کرونا بسیار بیشتر از قابل کنترل است.
باسودان همچنین اضافه کرد: واکسیناسیون برای مدارس اجباری است و ۹۱ درصد نوجوانان ۱۲ تا ۱۸ سال و ۸۵ درصد معلم هایشان به شکل کامل واکسینه شدند.تقریبا ۷۰ درصد جمعیت ۱۰ میلیونی جاکارتا دو دُز واکسن دریافت کردند.
همزمان با خوشحالی بچه ها از بازگشایی مدارس والدین شان به خاطر سویه دلتای مسری تر این ویروس نگرانند.
« نادیم ماکاریم » وزیر آموزش اندونزی هفته گذشته درخواست بازگشایی مدارس برای تسریع جبران خلاء آموزشی را مطرح کرد. او گفت: « کاهش قابل توجهی در اهداف مطالعاتی بوجود آمده است و بسیاری از بچه ها به ویژه دخترها در برخی مناطق ترک تحصیل کردند و این امر تاثیراتی دائمی به دنبال خواهد داشت. »
با این وجود « هرو پورنومو » از اعضای فدراسیون انجمن معلمان اندونزی گفت: بازگشایی مدارس می تواند پر خطر باشد و به شیوعی جدید و مرگ کودکان منجر شود.
/ایرنا<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>茶会讲道集
美赫巴巴
1926-1927年授述
翻译：石灰 田心
中文配图：刘成 炬池
第一讲
1926年4月29日 周四 美拉巴德
【1926年大多数周四下午，美赫巴巴会同满德里从美拉巴德步行到阿冉岗村，在弟子卡卡·夏哈内家用茶点——这在美拉巴德早年的清苦日子里，可谓上佳款待。期间，巴巴会针对要阐释的话题侃侃而谈；这就是其中一部主要手稿封面《周四茶会讲道集》名称的由来。尽管早期日志资料都未提及《茶会讲道集》首篇语录的实际授述地点，但授述的日期“周四”表明，地点一定是在卡卡家（亦称家属宿舍）。作为开篇，这是整部讲道集中篇幅最长也最有分量的语录之一。其另一个特点是似乎结合了很可能由巴巴同期授述的《无限智能》内容。——编者】
大知与认识的区别
证悟至高存在（Paramātmā）是我们的大我，即是证悟真理。宇宙是幻象（(bhās）的结果。那为何还要试图获取对这个幻象宇宙的肤浅知识，而不去获得对大我或真理的大知？
何谓大知？
“大知”意味着对至高知识（Paramātmā Jñān）的体验。这是我们的永恒灵魂对无上存在的知识：换言之，大知意味着大我证悟。
何谓宇宙认识？
“宇宙认识”被称作宇宙知识（Vishva Jñān）。证悟者在涅未卡帕状态（Nirvikalp Avasthā）获得对至高知识（Paramātmā Jñān）的证悟或体验之后，就是带着这种知识重新下降的。因此总结如下：
真正知识=神圣体验+宇宙认识=对神圣体验的完美知识
换言之，获得真正知识者必然赢得神圣体验，然后还必须获得对该体验的完美知识。
而那些获得神圣体验（Īshvar Anubhav）并留在涅未卡帕状态亦即永恒极乐（Anant Ānand）状态者，则被称作“玛居卜”（Majzūb）。玛居卜虽然成道（体验神），虽然无所不知、尽善尽美，但却不能为世界做任何事情或施以救赎。
简言之，对至高存在（上帝）状态的体验，即真实状态（Kharī Sthiti或 Kharī Avasthā）。
现在让我们来看看，这种对大我的体验，也就是人在获得真知之前所处的状态，到底是什么。自身已经成道的赛古鲁，在带领那些注定将被其赐予这种体验者通过七个层面时，绝对是在暗中——要么让他们蒙着眼，要么让他们闭着眼。因此，那些将被赛古鲁赐予该体验的人，对这七个层面是什么，毫不知情，甚至毫无概念。一直到最后，他们对该知识都是相当无知，尽管已经跨越所有这些层面！正是为此原因，当赛古鲁在刚好低于第七层面之处把弟子（这种体验的候选人）放下时，后者的状态无法想象——不可描述！就仿佛千百万瓦的电流，突如其来地涌过——更应该说是完全溶解——其精体*。这种全新的体验让他无比震惊。对自己所置身的状态，也就是其不可思议的全新奇妙体验，尚未来得及适当思考，甚至加以想象，他就突然进入并获得涅未卡帕状态，在此他自己与永恒极乐（Anant Ānand）合一。
[注：巴巴早期用‘精’表示前六个层面，从1926年下半年开始将‘精’与‘心’区分开来。]
但你们没有实际亲身体验，要我解释或要你们“了悟”这一切，是徒劳无用的。有人可以年复一年地对你们解释所有这些；你们也可以连续多年听这样的人解释，多年阅读这方面的论著，但你们对什么是真实体验也不会有哪怕一丝概念，甚至连其影子的影子都摸不着。难道这永远无法实现吗？没有亲身体验就实现不了！
这种完美状态千百万人中只有一人获得，那也得完全凭靠一位成道古鲁的恩典。
借助于空洞的哲学和肤浅的宗教知识，去谈论这种大知和体验，而未实际亲自证得这种大知和体验，乃是十足的愚蠢——纯粹的欺骗！
有限与无限智能
下页图1表示意识的不同程度（1至7）和智能扮演的不同角色。在原始的无意识上帝状态（由图底的蓝色弧形代表），即在七个进化阶段之前，人实际上是神，却意识不到这个事实。随着石头的最早出现，恰塔尼亚（chaitanya）的能力也开始显现。但在其整个旅程中，同一个智能或者说“大我”无处不在。
为了更充分地理解以下讨论的含义，这里列出一些同义术语：
神=大知=智能=大有=光明
宇宙=无知=想象=大无=黑暗
图1注解
图1描绘了无限智能从原始无意识状态到大我证悟之超意识状态的旅行。多年后这被美赫巴巴称作《神圣主题》。
《茶会讲道集》原始手稿中的这幅图，与《智能笔记》中的两幅图（为《无限智能》书中图22之基础），在内容上几乎完全一致。如在《无限智能》中，对本图一些术语的使用方式，也有必要予以解释：
1）对猿猴状态为“越来越少亚意识”、动物状态为“较少亚意识”、植物状态为“亚意识”的特征描述。这里的意思是，随着意识朝整全方向的发展，对意识的限制，（可以说）“亚”性，也在减少。换言之，不是意识变得“越来越少”，而是将意识局限在亚意识状态的限制越来越少。这同样适用于动物层面的“较少亚意识”一词：这里的意识比在植物界时有“较少的亚意识”。
2）“动物”一词的使用以及“动物”与“猿猴”的区分。“动物”一词指“有生命的生物”——即从虫到兽界的任何生物，如在《神曰》中所定义的。因此“动物”包括了“猿猴”。巴巴在图中挑出猿猴属单独讲述，是为了强调在人类形体中达到全意识之前的这个最后进化阶段。
让我们来解释图1底部的蓝色半圆，这代表无意识的无限智能。这里，大知并不知道“我是无限的（anant）”，因为该大知虽然是无限的，却沉浸于酣眠，即处于无意识状态。也就是说，在该状态，大知（神）并不知道“我是无限大知”。
如前所述，“大知”指“神”，而“知道”指“创造”。
在无限智能仍酣眠的这个阶段，一个欲望在无意识的吉兀阿特玛内被创造出来，一个要知道“自己”的欲望，要自我觉悟的欲望。随着这个“自知”欲望的振动，吉兀阿特玛醒来，这使它进一步向前进。可是要前往何处？要前往超意识状态！再说一遍，这种觉醒是如何促成的？是通过一个欲望——自知的欲望。而欲望则意味着业相——图1的“噢姆点”，即欲望被创造之处。正是在这个阶段，吉兀阿特玛获得最初的业相。这些自然业相从石头一直持续到最初的人类状态。
打个比方，你手中拿着一根火柴棒。你的手代表最初的业相，自然业相。现在假设你的手把火柴棒丢入一条小河或水渠，以便它能获得对自己是什么的知识。它被卷入河流，继续前进，被不为其所知所见的力量（即被它自身制造的、却不为它所知所见的业相）推到这里、推到那里。从石头（7）一直到人类（3），通过不同的形体和寿命，获得各种各样的、数不清的经验——至此它所经历的是自然业相；之后从人类（3）到赛古鲁状态（1），它所经历的是非自然业相，在此（赛古鲁状态）它证悟到自己是什么。
撇开火柴棒例子的字面意思不谈，我们现在将用图1的语言，来探讨这些相同的灵性“事实”。
这个最初因为自知欲望被创造出来的，可被称作恰塔尼亚*的东西，从原子亦即石头状态（图1的7）开始前进；在该阶段，它（恰塔尼亚）几乎无意识。恰塔尼亚从那里继续前进，逐渐进入植物状态（6），在此获得“亚意识”。再从那里继续前进，逐渐进入动物状态（5），在此成为“较少的亚意识”。这在猿猴状态（4）达到顶点，在此它是“越来越少的亚意识”。最后，恰塔尼亚达到并获得人类状态（3），在此获得全意识。（但它意识到什么呢？我们后面将明白。）从石头到人类状态（图1的7至3）的所有进步，都是通过（由恰塔尼亚本身自动创造的）自然业相之媒介取得的。
瑜伽与层面能力
在人类形体（图1中的阶段3）发生了逆转，也就是说，吉兀阿特玛开始积累非自然业相，而不是继续积累自然业相。因为到这个阶段，从石头到人类形体进化期间所积累的大量业相垃圾（kachro），阻挡着继续进步的道路。只有清除掉所有这些业相（欲望）垃圾，道路才会畅通——否则不行。对这些业相的清除，是通过不同的瑜伽来完成的：巴克提瑜伽、珞珈瑜伽、禅那瑜伽和羯磨瑜伽。
这样，借助这些瑜伽的各种可行方法（sādhan），业相垃圾被清除，吉兀阿特玛从凡人状态（3）逐渐地达到瑜伽状态（2）（yog avasthā）。在各种瑜伽三昧期间，瑜伽士获得某些能力（shakti），这使他们能够通过层面逐渐前进，从第一到第四。不过在第四层面，瑜伽士遇到一个巨大的阻碍或停滞。就好比一个人突然看到一大堆贵重钻石、珍珠和其他无价宝石，感到目眩神迷；同理，到达第四层面的灵魂，也因那里的美妙和魅力（līlā）而惊呆。惊愕之下，他错误地把在第四层面体验的意外大喜乐（ānand）当作真正的永恒极乐，从而忘记最初的目标——前进并升至第七层面。反倒把这个中途站（第四层面）当成真正的目标，故而停滞在此，享受至今从未体验过的阿南达（第四层面的喜乐）。也就是说，即使这只是一种瑜伽状态，但在前四个层面获得和积聚的巨大能力（“钻石与珍珠”），却实际上对瑜伽士构成巨大障碍，阻止他继续前进——尽管也给他带来极大快乐。他若是幸运，意识到自己的真实处境（仅仅在第四层面），因而努力前进，这当然很好：因为他赢得了获取“我是神”状态（真实体验）的机会。但是最大、最危险的阻碍或停滞，恰巧就在这个第四层面。为什么？我们很快就会明白。
如上所述，第四层面所产生的巨大能力，其吸引力犹如一个庞大的钻石和珍珠宝库。对这种意外之财，瑜伽士不知所措。他欣喜若狂，以致于忘记了初心——向第七层面之目标逐步前进。就在他彷徨于这种茫然状态的时候，其恰塔尼亚（表现为要使用这些能力和施展奇迹的欲望）从背后推动他。从而在其所积累的能力与恰塔尼亚（要使用这些能力的欲望）之间造成冲突；这种冲突对此刻已经被体验所震惊迷眩的心产生冲击。它“惊倒在地”（chīt chakit），陷入昏迷（hairat），停滞不前。为此原因，第四层面被称作“奇观之地”或“入魔状态”（muqam-e-hairat）。
如果灵魂虽在经历这些，却保持头脑稳定镇静，那当然很好。否则，如果它试图使用（实际上不是“使用”而是“误用”）可支配的能力（在第四层面获得的“钻石和珍珠”），则很可能给自己招致最严重的业相束缚，这把它从其高级的瑜伽士“超意识”
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在宋朝，就有这样位成功上位的竞争者，他成功的背后则是十位美貌的少女。这位皇帝就是宋孝宗赵眘。
他的上位史也是经过一番波折的。他本名叫做赵伯宗，是南宋的第二位皇帝。我们都知道赵构建立了南宋，可是这位赵眘并不是赵构的儿子，他是宋代开国皇帝的第七世孙，赵匡胤当年把皇位给了自己弟弟，之后这皇位一直在他弟弟一系手里传承，等到了赵构这里，可能是老天觉得他们这一系便宜也该占够了，便让他们这一系绝了子孙，上天让赵构丧失了生育的能力。
当年宋徽宗喜欢瞎折腾，重用奸臣之外，还纵容一批宦官当权，搞得朝廷内部乌烟瘴气，与此同时，下层的农民也开始起义，让北宋顾此失彼，狼狈不堪。
在军事和外交方面，一开始北宋决定和金国联手，把近年来势微的辽国给灭了，不成想引狼入室，反倒让金朝狠狠搜刮了一番。
后来在奸臣的一番鼓动之下，徽宗和当时的太子之间出现了隔阂，这也使得在之后金国攻打宋朝时，赵恒出于“私愤”，竟然强迫自己父亲和自己一起守在汴梁。只是他们没想到金国的胃口越来越大，竟然盯上了汴梁，发誓要拿下汴梁，后来在赵恒的多次让步之下，还是对北宋进行了一番羞辱，搜刮了大量金银财宝和美女，还俘虏走了赵恒以及他父亲，皇宫里的所有妃子，只要登录在册子上的，一个也没逃走，这就是“靖康之耻”。
这场耻辱使得当时赵构他们这一脉几乎都被金人俘虏，皇室几乎断子绝孙，而且承受的屈辱也是空前的，是汉人王朝最屈辱的历史。而赵构比较走运，想尽办法潜逃出去并且活了下来，还捡了一个皇位。
也许是有得必有失，赵构在逃跑过程中，失去了生育能力，从此再也没能让后宫任何一个妃嫔生下他的继承人。
说起来赵构还是有一个继承人的，就是元懿太子，但是很可惜的是没活过三岁就没了，赵构十分痛心。
当时金兵入侵，正好有一个金国将领打到了赵构所在的城池，当时赵构正窝在美人乡里温存呢，突然听到士兵的报信，结果在这样的重度惊吓之下，彻底绝了子孙缘。
想当年赵匡胤将皇位传给自己的弟弟，再怎样也是自己亲手打下的基业，自然是希望自己弟弟给守好，哪里想到他弟弟如此厚颜无耻，将赵匡胤的江山据为己有，还让他死在一团迷雾中，至今都不知道人是怎么死的，到底是不是他杀的？
再说说金朝，金朝虽然有几个优秀的将领，但他们人口少，没有能力吃下中原这么大的地方，就想到要扶持傀儡皇帝，希望分裂目前还很脆弱的南宋王朝。
在这样的情势下，赵构还是聪明的，他导演了一出好戏——
《宋史》中的记载是这样的：“元懿太子薨，高宗未有后，而昭慈圣献皇后亦自江西还行在，后尝感异梦，密为高宗言之，高宗大寤。会右仆射范宗尹亦造膝以请，高宗曰：‘太祖以神武定天下，子孙不得享之，遭时多艰，零落可悯。朕若不法仁宗，为天下计，何以慰在天之灵!’于是诏选太祖之后。”
他说圣献皇后最近晚上经常做一些奇怪的梦，不知为何常常梦见太祖皇帝。然后私下跟他说了一下，他想了半天才明白过来，太祖一向无私，自己明明后继有人但是还是把皇位给了自己弟弟，而自己后人却一向过得不好，所以他想着还是把着位子还回去，来让太祖安心。
这一番冠冕堂皇的借口说下来，好像还真是有那么一回事一样。可能是上天补偿，相对于赵构他们这边没几个后代，太祖那一系则枝繁叶茂，子子孙孙大概都能组个小镇了。经过一番精挑细选，最好从这些人里挑出来两个比较合适的小孩出来，一个身形圆润，一个则比较瘦小。一般来说，人们总觉得小孩圆润一点比较结实有福气，而身形瘦弱的赵眘则显得有点不讨喜。本来赵构都定了要那个看着有福气的小孩，但是这时不知从何处跑来了一只黑猫。
赵眘虽然看着瘦弱，但是却是个能沉住气的，猫不招惹他，他也不动猫。而那个圆润的小胖子则有点太好动了，直接上去就是一脚，瞬间就让赵构对他没了好感，而赵眘也因此留了下来，成为皇帝备选人之一。
虽然看着是被当为准皇帝一样带入宫中的，但是赵眘一直都没获得一个正经名分，苦苦熬了20年了还没有成为太子。一来是因为赵构可能对于自己要断子绝孙这件事还没有完全接受，再者当时赵眘和宰相有些不和，遭到了些刻意为难。还有很重要的一个原因，就是太后比起赵眘，更喜欢另外一个继承者赵琢。就在这样左右为难很久之后，太后去世了。
为了能让继承人这个事彻底定下来，赵构就想了一招，他找人搜集来了20个处子之身的绝世美人，然后分别赐给赵琢还有赵眘。毕竟当时他们都还年轻，体力旺盛，这一招很容易看出他们的品性。过了一段时间之后，赵构派人把这20个美人给叫了回来，派人检查了一番，发现赵琢这边的没有一个还是完璧，而赵眘那边则一个没动。
这样，不为美色所动摇的赵眘就成为太子，之后继承了赵构的皇位。赵构虽然在其他事情上犯过糊涂，但是不得不承认他这次的选择是非常正确的。赵眘可以说是南宋历史上少有的比较精明强干的皇帝，在刚被立为太子没两年，金兵入侵，赵构一心想着逃跑，而他则主动要求带兵出击。他继位之后，将之前赵构做下的糊涂账进行了一番整顿，该平反的平反，该昭雪的昭雪，并且重忠臣良将，主动对战金人，很是有当年赵匡胤的风采。
参考资料：
【《宋史·卷三十三·本纪第三十三》、 《宋史·卷三十四·本纪第三十四》】
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大家都在看
小编推荐<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>弗雷德
据意大利媒体La Nazione音讯，佛罗伦萨有意供给一份2000万欧元附加二次转会赢利分红的报价求购曼联中场弗雷德。
据悉，佛罗伦萨将弗雷德视为无法引入德保罗或苏索的代替人选，而曼联对弗雷德的心思价位大约是3000万欧元。
而紫百合的报价将由1600万欧元根底转会费+400万欧元奖金条款组成，别的，假如弗雷德未来以超越2000万欧元的价格转投其他球队，曼联还将取得转会赢利的30%。
上一年夏天，曼联支付了近6000万欧元才从顿涅茨克矿工签下弗雷德，但这位巴西中场并未彻底习惯英超。上赛季，他只为曼联出战了25场各项竞赛。英超开赛三轮以来，弗雷德并未取得进场时机。
(作者：男篮世界杯)
本文地址：http://www.syjerrican.com/zhibotianxia/2021/0222/1017.html<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Öyle bir araftan bahsediyorum ki aslında. Bu ikilemi hepimiz yaşamışızdır diye düşünüyorum. Sadece romantik ilişkiler için de geçerli değil üstelik. Ben geçenlerde işverenime bir konu hakkında mesaj atsam mı atmasam mı tereddütüne kapıldım ve çok güvendiğim birinin bir karar verme anında iki seçenekten birini seçmek zorundaysanız ikisini de seçmeyin tavsiyesi aklıma geldiği için mesaj atmadım. Benim genellikle uyguladım taktik bu.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>How an 18-year-old murder verdict reflects a racially changed UK
The 1993 murder in London of black teenager Stephen Lawrence revealed systemic racism in Britain, spawning sweeping efforts to root it out.
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"You would see signs saying 'rooms available,' but they weren't available when a black man knocked on the door," recalls the retired telecommunications engineer, who has remained in the neighborhood of Brixton since then. "One time a woman screamed at me to leave, saying her mother had never seen a black man before."
Twenty years later, the perceived mistreatment of a black man by police ignited the Brixton race riots of 1981 – which remain the biggest such riots in British history.
But Brixton today is a prime example of how Britain has transformed into a multicultural society, especially in its cities, in the half century since Mr. Ogunshola first moved here.
Now there is little evidence of antipathy between Brixton's diverse ethnic groups, which include a strong African-Caribbean community and a large Asian contingent.
While riots last summer, set off by racial tensions, reached the neighborhood, they did not pit an ethnic community against the authorities.
"Brixton's a different place; Britain's a different place," says Ogunshola, raising his voice to be heard above a steel band playing calypso music outside a subway station.
This month's conviction of two men for the racially motivated murder of 18-year-old Stephen Lawrence in 1993 has prompted an examination of how far Britain has come in eradicating racism since then.
Mr. Lawrence's killing in Eltham, south London, assumed huge significance in London. A long and unflagging campaign by the murdered teenager's parents, Doreen and Neville Lawrence, revealed the existence of a subtler, more systemic form of racism and inspired ground-breaking steps to root it out.
It took 18 years to convict Lawrence's killers. The initial police report was spectacularly bungled: Police received names of five suspects within 24 hours, but no arrests were made for two weeks.
The 1999 report on the case – named after retired judge William Macpherson, who led the inquiry – declared that London's Metropolitan Police was "institutionally racist."
The report led to the creation of new criminal offenses, a new law mandating that public authorities promote racial equality, and some other significant legal changes, including the abolition of the double jeopardy law, which allowed one of Lawrence's murderers to be tried a second time.
"In a nutshell, the Macpherson report had a positive effect on equality in Britain," says Uduak Archibong, professor of diversity at the University of Bradford. "The changes forced public organizations to look inward – [to] think 'What can we do to promote racial equality?' And because it also affected the way they dealt with commercial organizations, it had a ripple effect."
For ordinary Britons, perhaps the greatest legacy of the case is that it made overt racism, including racially abusive language, unacceptable.
"Just the fact that it's illegal to shout racist abuse – that's made a change, no question," says Stafford Geoghan, who owns a Jamaican takeout restaurant on Brixton's Electric Avenue, a street of market stalls. "That's just not something you ever hear on the street anymore."
Making a Difference<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Doğrudan akademik yayınların değerlendirilmesi ile ilgili kapsamlı bir akademik içeriğe sahip “iThenticate” programı, makale ve benzeri çalışmaları (öğrenci ödevleri ve tezler hariç) internet, veritabanları ve bilgisayarınızdaki dokümanlarla karşılastırarak, aralarındaki benzerlik oranlarını hesaplar. iThenticate programı akademik çalışmaları değerlendirmeden önce intihal seviyesini tespit etmek için kullanılır.
Programı kullanmak isteyen araştırmacılarımız [email protected] adresine isim, soy isim ve kurum e-posta adreslerini bildirmeleri gerekmektedir.
Öğrencilerin bitirme projeleri ve tezlerinde intihalleri ve usulsüz alıntıları engellemek amacıyla kullanılan web tabanlı sistemdir.
Turnitin'i kullanmak isteyen akademisyenler için gereken şifre Kütüphane tarafından sağlanmaktadır. Programı kullanmak isteyenlerin [email protected] adresine isim, soyisim ve kurum e-posta adreslerini bildirmeleri gerekmektedir.
NOT1:Ödev eklerken "Gönder" butonuna basmadan önce "isteğe Bağlı Ayarlar" a mutlaka tıklayarak gerekli ayarları "DEPO-DEPO YOK" yapınız
NOT2: Savunmaya girecek tezlerin intihal taramalarının enstitü tarafından yapılması gerekmektedir. Eğer bir tez taramanız varsa lütfen enstitünüze başvurun!<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>- For Libraries
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Over 500 seed trade catalogues issued by 250 seed companies between 1790 and 1870 providing a graphic insight into the development of the nursery and agricultural business in America in the nineteenth century.
The growth of the seed trade in nineteenth-century America mirrored the increase in population and general prosperity and the nation's westward expansion. Consequently these catalogues will be valuable to researchers working not just on the agricultural and horticultural industries but also on the broader economic and social history of this period. Much of the agricultural and horticultural information in the catalogues is not available elsewhere while many are also minor works of art with fine illustrations of scientific value and varied design and type styles.
Index: Index to the Pre-1870 American Seed Trade Catalogs of the National Agricultural Library
110pp. 278x216mm clothbound
ISBN 0 88736 219 2<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>双方没有办理结婚证，在交往一段时间后发现彼此不合适，想要分开，但是彩礼已经收了，那么没结婚证不退彩礼胜诉的条件有哪些呢？在什么样的情况下，可以不用退彩礼呢？对此有所疑惑的，可以跟着小编一起去寻找答案！
根据最高人民法院《关于适用<中华人民共和国婚姻法>若干问题的解释（二）》第十条 第一款（三）项所规定“婚前给付并导致给付人生活困难的”情形，但是已经共同生活两年以上、生育子女或者所送彩礼确已用于共同生活，一方请求对方返还彩礼的，一般不予支持。
因此，没结婚证不退彩礼胜诉的条件有：
1、男女双方未办理结婚登记手续但已经同居生活两年以上
2、双方未办理结婚登记手续且同居生活虽不满两年，但已经生育子女
3、所接受的彩礼已经用于共同生活
以上三个条件占有一条，即使是没有领结婚证，彩礼也是不需要退还的。
说完不需要退还彩礼的情形，下面小编来说说需要退还彩礼的情形有哪些。
根据《最高人民法院在婚姻法解释》第十条规定，当事人请求返还按照习俗给付的彩礼，如果查明属于以下情形，人民法院应当予以支持：
1、
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0
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. The federal government’s case rested largely on emergency powers: There was a national crisis, and the government should have whatever powers it needed to fight it. At stake were competing interpretations of the Commerce Clause, which supposedly limited Congress’s power to regulate commerce to interstate transactions. The government argued that the Schechters’ business should be seen as interstate commerce in light of the Depression, while the Schechters’ lawyer countered both that the business was not interstate commerce and, more powerfully, that the Schechters had never agreed to the NRA code, which interfered with their ability to best serve their customers. As Shlaes points out, attorney Heller was careful to explain the kosher practices in a way that avoided making them sound Jewish, again for fear of anti-Semitic backlash.
Part of the exchange between the Justices and Heller was over what “straight killing” meant for customers, leading to a discussion of reaching into chicken coops. The reaction in court was mostly amusement at the absurdity of the code, in both its level of detail and what it required of producers and consumers.
On May 27 a unanimous Court ruled that the NIRA did indeed violate the Commerce Clause and that even in “extraordinary conditions” Congress may not exceed its constitutional limits. Specifically, Congress had no legitimate power to delegate what amounted to law-making power to the NRA.
This case and a related one that struck down the AAA ended the more radical provisions of what is often called the “First New Deal.” FDR’s reaction to the decision was his famous line about the Court taking the country “back to the horse and buggy age.” That sentiment was one reason Roosevelt later proposed his “court packing” plan to expand the Court. This case was one of the last Supreme Court decisions to uphold this narrow reading of the Commerce Clause. The same set of issues is at stake in the case against the Obama administration’s health care act.
There are many lessons one could draw from the story of the Schechter brothers, not the least of which is how much the Supreme Court’s jurisprudence has evolved over the years. Back then Congress had to prove it constitutionally possessed the powers it exercised; the Court did not place the burden of proof on those who claimed the exercise of some power is unconstitutional.
The Schechters’ story, however, raises other interesting questions. Why is it not better known, particularly among American Jews, that underdog immigrant small-business owners triumphed over a government that denied them the right to run their business according to their long-standing ethical-religious code? After all, this is the classic story of Jewish heroism: a group of Jews under siege by the State demonstrating grace under pressure by standing up for their beliefs.
It would seem that the overwhelming love that American Jews have had for FDR is likely one explanation. It might be difficult to hold up as heroes the men who helped bring down the First New Deal. The American Jews’ love for FDR is also something of a mystery when one considers his administration’s refusal to help Jews escape Nazi Germany as the Holocaust began to unfold.
The story of the Schechter brothers raises important questions about the power of the State. It’s a story still waiting to be told in its entirety.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Four intervals of late Holocene glacier advance are recognized from study of nine valley glaciers in the Wrangell and westernmost St. Elias Mountains of Alaska. The oldest glacial advance is recognized at the Nabesna and Barnard Glaciers where live radiocarbon ages suggest advance as early as 2700 cal. (calibrated) yr B.P. Two additional radiocarbon-dated advances are centered on cal. yr A.D. 300 and the beginning of the Little Ice Age about A.D. 1200. The best-documented Little Ice Age advances occurred during the mid-1600s through the 1800s and are recognized at all nine glaciers. These latter advances are dated by tree rings of trees overrun by glaciers in five glacier valley, by 17 radiocarbon dates, and by tree-ring and lichen ages from 20 moraines that were deposited during the culmination of these advances. The glacial chronology is broadly similar to chronologies from adjoining Alaskan mountain ranges, at both coastal and interior sites for the past 3000 yr. There are, however, differences in timing of advances during the first millennium A.D. The glacial history for the past 2000 yr is also consistent with temperature-sensitive proxy records from interior Alaska and Yukon Territory.
569NATimes Cited:19Cited References Count:47<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>امور آب و خاک و فنی و مهندسی سازمان جهاد کشاورزی خراسان شمالی گفت: امسال هزار هکتار از اراضی مستعد آبیاری نوین در شیروان مطالعه و نقشه برداری شد.
بهروز عربی روز سه شنبه در گفت و گو با خبرنگار ایرنا اظهار داشت: بیشترین عملیات اجرای این طرح مطالعاتی در اراضی پایاب سد بارزو اجرا می شود.
وی با اشاره به اینکه برای اجرای این طرح ۱۰۰ میلیارد ریال اعتبار پیش بینی شده است گفت: اراضی مستعد اجرای آن در شهرستان شیروان، هشت هزار هکتار است.
عربی با بیان اینکه تاکنون ۶ هزار و ۵۱۳ هکتار از اراضی این شهرستان به سیستم آبیاری نوین شده است افزود: در سال ۹۹-۹۵، ۷۰۰ هکتار از اراضی شیروان مجهز به این سیستم شد که برای آن۲۰ میلیارد ریال از محل اعتبارات صندوق توسعه ملی هزینه شد.
مدیر امور آب و خاک و فنی و مهندسی سازمان جهاد کشاورزی گفت: برای اجرای آبیاری نوین در اراضی کشاورزی با توجه به نوع سیستم به ازای هر هکتار از ۴۵ میلیون تا ۱۰۰ میلیون ریال کمک بلاعوض دولت پرداخت می شود.
عربی با تاکید بر لزوم اجرای سیستم های آبیاری تحت فشار در اراضی زراعی و باغی به عنوان یکی از راهکارهای مقابله با کم آبی افزود: حمایت ها و تسهیلات دولتی مناسبی برای متقاضیان این گونه سیستم ها در نظر گرفته شده است.
شیروان با ۱۵۷ هزار نفر جمعیت به عنوان دومین شهرستان پرجمعیت خراسان شمالی در ۶۰ کیلومتری شرق بجنورد واقع است که ۱۰۵ هزار هکتار عرصه کشاورزی و باغی دارد.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>【新三才讯】超音速飞行在最前端的旅行当中是一个最棒的话题，但在过去一直都陷入困境，并被充满疑问的问号所压倒。
自2003年10月协和号客机停飞以来，商务客机退出市场。 随着伟大的盎格鲁 – 法国喷气机的退役，空中飞速超过761英里每小时的概念已经越来越成为过去的记忆- 这是一个被认为不太可能返回的黄金时代的幽灵。
超音速飞行的问题是多么复杂。 有名的是，飞机的音爆引发了一场“声音爆炸式爆发” – 一场激烈的鞭打，如果爆发的距离足够近，可能导致窗户破裂和投诉。
协和号客机是一个噪音怪物，它在美国的存在在很大程度上是不受欢迎的。
航空业的秘密
与知觉相反 – 尽管普遍的共识是，这架飞机在其27年的积极服务中一般都取得了成功 – 超音速飞行在美国被禁止，自1973年以来一直是英国航空公司和法国航空公司必须接受特别管理 将他们的飞机飞到华盛顿特区和纽约 – 不可更进一步飞抵其他地区。
不过，据报导，美国航空航空业最大的先驱之一 – NASA正在为第二代超音速客机筹划生产制造。
据Bloomberg透露，美国国家航空航空局可能会在下个月开始研制一种新的超音速原型机，并且可能会与洛克希德马丁公司，波音公司和通用动力公司以及Aerion和Boom Technology等相关行业创新者合作，携手将理论成为现实。
蓝图的中心将是一个修改形状的飞机，细微，时尚，因此对周围空气的影响较小。 在理论上，这意味着它可能会破坏声音屏障，而不是比其著名的前辈更少的体积。
NASA的研究人员悄悄地相信，6月份在风洞进行的模型测试表明，这样的飞机可以将目前的标准飞行时间缩短一半，这意味着伦敦和纽约之间的平均七小时的飞行时间可能减少到不到四个小时。
这种激进的时间差异以及较低的噪音水平可能意味着美国在其空域上对超音速航空的严格规则的松动，甚至放弃对超音速飞机的管制，使整个超音速飞行在财务上更具可行性。
尽管协和号逐渐衰落的几个原因是过时的 – 尤其是2000年7月25日在巴黎戴高乐机场发生的灾难性事故 – 限制飞行的地方无疑加速了其死亡。
不过时代改变，而且这个星球越来越多的依赖航空旅行将在未来十年内“推动对广泛的快速航空旅行的需求”，美国航空航天商业超音速研究团队项目经理Peter Coen告诉彭博社说： 使公司在未来能够提供有竞争力的产品。“
最新的设计能改善噪音问题
在最糟的情况下，协和号的声音输出约为90 dBa。 美国航空航天局的目标是将三分之一降至六十至六十五分贝，而相当于高速公路上的高功率汽车，但主要关切的情况大幅减少。
该机构计划在未来五年内花费3.9亿美元（2.99亿英镑）的原型，并已与洛克希德马丁公司联合设计。
洛克希德的设计项目经理Peter Iosifidis表示：“现在你已经到了这样的水平，只要得到公众的批准，这可能是可以接受的。”
当飞行物体达到马赫1的速度时，发生声波爆发，海平面约为761mph（尽管在其他高度上有差异）。
这是由飞机的动作产生的压力波不能再脱离其对方的方式。 它们变得压缩，并合并成一个单一的冲击波，这导致剧烈的爆炸声。
据报导，NASA的原型将通过采用能保持声波合并的形状来解决这个问题。 相反，它们将分散在飞机的各个点上，导致低嗡嗡声而不是单个声音爆炸。
航空乘客可能看到这项研究成果的问题有点难以预料。 美国国家航空航天局计划在2022年之后，在其脑海中运行实时测试。
何时，正是这将转化为日常交通还有待观察。 但未来即将到来 – 它比你想像的更安静。<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>经认证的员工的工资信贷审批程序/事先批准
- 步骤1： 向您的建筑秘书索取一份事先批准表，从人力资源部网页打印一份（左栏下方 员工表格）， 要么 单击此处获取事先批准表. 填写您计划获得学分或时钟小时的任何非地区专业发展机会的表格。 填写表格并附上所有必要的文件，在员工声明部分签名和日期，然后转发给您的主管批准。 然后必须在您计划参加的课程或研讨会日期之前将此表格发送到人事办公室。
- 步骤2： 完成批准的课程，包括为学区时钟时间提供的课程。
- 步骤3： 对于在学区以外学习的经批准的课程，请在 1 月 XNUMX 日之前将时钟小时表或成绩单的副本发送给人力资源部，以便考虑为当前学年加薪。
- 步骤4： 所有学区时钟小时活动的成绩单将在 XNUMX 月初自动发送给人力资源部。 您将收到一份副本作为您的个人记录。<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>|Catalog #: 020-03-0011|
|Parent Exhibit: Eyes on Earth|
|Description: Measuring from space. Exhibit provides visitors with an interactive explanation of radar altimetry and how it is used to measure sea height. Visitor starts a model of an altimetry satellite down a twenty foot overhead track. The model actually is a working altimeter that measures how high up it is from objects on the floor, directly simulating how satellite altimetry works. Visitors see a profile of the objects (which could be the visitors themselves) along the ground track. This exhibit can be custom sized to your specifications.|
|Approximate Component Dimensions: H 102 inches | W 38 inches | D 208 inches|
Power Required: Yes
Powered From: Floor
Air Pressure: N/A
Give us a call or send us an email.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Types Of Herpes -
Herpes is a highly contagious viral skin infection which mainly influences oral and genital portions. There’re 2 types of virus that cause the herpes ailment like herpes simplex virus 1 and herpes simplex virus 2. Once this virus occupies in the body the virus evolve the strong capability to stay dormant in the cell membrane. There’re many causes which may lead to the ailment of herpes. Indirect or direct contact to the herpes virus may lead to the development of herpes infection. For recognising herpes infection there’re several tests exist which supports to detect it like polymer chain reaction blood test, viral culture test and antigen body reaction blood test. If you have been detected from herpes malady then you need to initiate the therapy of herpes illness. Medicaments like Zovirax, Famcyclovir, Valacyclovir, Valtrex & Acyclovir cannot heal herpes sickness for good. If you want to surely cure the herpes disease then you need to take the shelter of the nature. In order to combat from herpes infection you need to develop the energetic immune system which will assists you to fight from herpes malady. In order to develop the stronger immunity you need to go for the energetic natural herbs, raw diet & super foods. Lysine, Vitamin C, Zinc, Oregano Oil, Olive Leaf, Olive Extract & Echinacea contains the powerful anti-viral and anti-oxidant that can easily heal herpes infection.
Types Of Herpes : Herpes Simplex 1 ( HSV 1 ) Herpes Simplex 2 ( HSV 2 ) : Cures And Precautions
Living With Herpes -
Millions of people all over the earth going through herpes ailment & several of them don’t conscious that they are suffering from it. So, it is obvious that the people who don’t aware that they have herpes will live their life freely. But the situation gets altered when the people start getting outburst. It’s very difficult living with herpes for those people who do suffer from signs and symptoms. When you begin suffering from outbreaks of herpes then you catch numerous signs and symptoms. These signs and indications either intense or it could be extremely gentle as you can’t even notice. Most of the patients suffer from social isolation due to this annoying infection. Yes it is a true fact. Our society considers this sickness as a social stigma as even your closest friend would not want to contact you when you get this disease. This is because herpes disease is a very infectious malady. Not only these changes will come in your life but also other too. Your personal life style would completely get altered as well as your mentality would also get altered. You will start thinking regarding your herpes sickness such as why did I get herpes, is there any permanent cure for it and can you ever get rid of it many more.
Genital Herpes - My Story Living With Genital Herpes!
Effects of Oral Herpes
Oral Herpes is an infection caused by the herpes simplex virus, is estimated to be present in 50 to 80 percent of the American adult population<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>کانکوردیا جایی است که نرخ مرگ و میر کودکانش سه برابر بیشتر از سالم ترین منطقه در ایالت ثروتمندی همچون مریلند است. جایی است که تقریبا نیمی از کودکانش در فقر زندگی می کنند. کانکوردیا به یکی از بیمارترین بخش های امریکا تبدیل شده است. در این ویدئوگزارشی از کانکوردیا ارائه شده تا بفهمیم چرا اوضاع در بخشی از بخش های مرکزی لوئیزیانا به گونه ای است که نرخ سلامت و بهداشت در آن تا به این اندازه پایین است؟ چرا آنها باید تا این حد برای سالم ماندن دست و پا بزنند؟<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Many teenagers don't receive the vaccines they need, but educating physicians and parents could help reverse the trend, a new study suggests.
Researchers from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) looked at vaccination rates from 2006 to 2009 for three vaccines — tetanus-diphtheria-acellular pertussis, meningococcal conjugate and human papillomavirus — in teenagers 13 to 17 years old.
While vaccinations rates have improved since those vaccines were first recommended in 2005, researchers found vaccination rates were lower than the 80 percent objective. Adolescent girls, in particular, weren't being vaccinated against the human papillomavirus, a virus that is known to cause cervical cancer.
Part of the problem is that physicians aren't administering all the recommended vaccinations, said Shannon Stokley, an epidemiologist with the CDC.
"This was the first time where we've reported what coverage could be, had providers been able to administer all the vaccines during the same visit," Stokley said. "Coverage could be much higher. We know adolescents came in and got a vaccine, they just didn't get all the vaccines they needed."
Coverage could have been higher
The study's data came from the National Immunization Survey-Teen, which uses random phone calls to contact parents of tens of thousands of adolescents. The parents provided contact information for health care providers, who then filled out a survey detailing the types of vaccinations they administered.
From 2006 to 2009, tetanus-diphtheria-acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccination rates improved from 11 percent to 56 percent, and meningococcal conjugate vaccination rates improved from 12 percent to 54 percent. In girls, the first vaccination for HPV improved from 25 percent to 44 percent. Among girls who received the first HPV shot, nearly 68 percent received all three recommended doses.
While that improvement is substantial, physicians could have done much better, Stokley said. If doctors had administered all the recommended vaccines during the first visit, "coverage
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In quantum physics, entangled particles remain connected so that actions performed by one affects the behaviour of the other, even if they are separated by huge distances.
So, if someone were to attempt to listen in on one end, the disruption would be detectable on the other.
Over the course of the two-year mission, the researchers in China will conduct a Bell test to prove the existence of entanglement at such a great distance.
And, they will attempt to ‘teleport’ quantum states, according to Nature, meaning the quantum state of the photo will be rebuilt in a new location.
Researchers from Canada, Japan, Italy, and Singapore have also revealed plans to conduct quantum experiments in space, including one proposed aboard the International Space Station.
This experiment would attempt to create a reliable and efficient means for teleportation.
By achieving quantum teleportation, the researchers say they could create a telescope with an enormous resolution.
‘You could not just see planets,’ Paul Kwiat, a physicist at the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign involved with the Nasa project, ’but in principle read licence plates on Jupiter’s moons.
This article (Quantum breakthrough as satellite ‘calls’ Earth from orbit) was originally published on Daily Mail and syndicated by The Event Chronicle.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Sebbene non esista un trattamento riconosciuto dal punto di vista medico per Long COVID, l’esercizio fisico può interrompere il circolo vizioso dell’infiammazione che può portare allo sviluppo di diabete e depressione mesi dopo che una persona si è ripresa dal virus.
“Sappiamo che Long COVID provoca depressione e sappiamo che può aumentare i livelli di glucosio nel sangue al punto che le persone sviluppano chetoacidosi diabetica, una condizione potenzialmente pericolosa per la vita comune tra le persone con diabete di tipo 1″, ha affermato Candida Rebello, Ph.D. ., ricercatore presso il Pennington Biomedical Research Center. “L’esercizio può aiutare. L’esercizio si prende cura dell’infiammazione che porta a livelli elevati di glucosio nel sangue e allo sviluppo e alla progressione del diabete e della depressione clinica”.
Non è chiaro quante persone soffrano di Long COVID. Ma le stime vanno dal 15% all’80% delle persone infette. Sulla base di queste cifre, è possibile che fino a 1 milione di residenti della Louisiana soffra di Long COVID.
Il long COVID causa ciò che i Centers for Disease Control descrivono come “una costellazione di altri sintomi debilitanti” tra cui nebbia cerebrale, dolore muscolare e affaticamento che possono durare per mesi dopo che una persona si è ripresa dall’infezione iniziale.
“Ad esempio, una persona potrebbe non ammalarsi molto di COVID-19, ma sei mesi dopo, molto tempo dopo che la tosse o la febbre sono scomparse, sviluppano il diabete”, ha detto il dottor Rebello.
Una soluzione è l’esercizio. La dott.ssa Rebello e i suoi coautori descrivono la loro ipotesi in “Esercizio come moderatore dei sintomi neuroendocrini persistenti di COVID-19”, pubblicato sulla rivista Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews .
“Non è necessario correre per un miglio o addirittura camminare per un miglio a passo svelto”, ha detto il dottor Rebello. “Camminare lentamente è anche esercizio. Idealmente, dovresti fare una sessione di esercizio di 30 minuti. Ma se puoi fare solo 15 minuti alla volta, prova a fare due sessioni da 15 minuti. Se puoi camminare solo 15 minuti una volta al giorno, fallo. L’importante è provare. Non importa da dove inizi. Puoi gradualmente raggiungere il livello di esercizio raccomandato.
“Sappiamo che l’attività fisica è una componente fondamentale per una vita sana. Questa ricerca mostra che l’esercizio fisico può essere utilizzato per spezzare la reazione a catena dell’infiammazione che porta a livelli elevati di zucchero nel sangue e quindi allo sviluppo o alla progressione del diabete di tipo 2″, ha affermato John Kirwan, Ph.D., direttore esecutivo di Pennington Biomedical, che è anche coautore del paper.
Questo lavoro è stato sostenuto in parte dal premio numero 1K99AG065419-02 del National Institute on Aging of the National Institutes of Health e dal National Institute of General Medical Sciences del National Institutes of Health, che finanzia il Louisiana Clinical and Translational Science Center attraverso premio numero U54 GM104940. Il contenuto è di esclusiva responsabilità degli autori e non rappresenta necessariamente il punto di vista ufficiale degli sponsor o del National Institutes of Health.
Categorie:Sport e movimento<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Menu principale:
1
SEZIONE A
LEGGERE ATTENTAMENTE IL BRANO E RISPONDERE ALLE DOMANDE CHE
SEGUONO:
-
Da: “ Il paese dei bambini che sorridono “
Era un mattino freddo e piovoso. Il dottor Bianco entrò di corsa in ospedale. Si infilò svelto dentro
la porta della cucina sul retro. La prima persona che incontrò fu la cuoca. Senza dire una parola, lei
prese un asciugamano e gli strofinò la testa spettinata. “Dove sei stato? Ti ho messo da parte la
colazione, ma faresti meglio a spicciarti, Marco è peggiorato, stanotte. Le infermiere sono già scese
a cercarti!”. Il dottor Bianco diede due morsi di corsa al pane imburrato e buttò giù il tè caldo.
Senza neanche pulirsi la bocca, salì di corsa le due rampe di scale e poi girò a sinistra, lungo il
corridoio. Diverse infermiere ed alcuni dottori lo salutarono, mentre passava.
Il dottor Bianco si fermò un attimo sulla porta prima di entrare. Marco era pallido, teneva gli occhi
chiusi e non si muoveva. La mamma gli teneva una mano e piano piano piangeva.
Quando la mamma di Marco vide entrare il dottor Bianco, sorrise sollevata. Il dottor Bianco saltò
sul letto e si acciambellò accanto a Marco. Gli leccò la mano per fargli sapere che lui era li. Marco,
allora, aprì a metà gli occhi e sorrise.
La mamma di Marco era più tranquilla, ora: aveva piena fiducia nella “terapia scodinzolina” del
dottor Bianco. Diede un bacio al suo bambino e accarezzò la testolina del tenero dottor Bianco.
“ Abbi cura di lui” gli disse e poi li lasciò soli.
Giorno dopo giorno il cagnolino bianco visitava i reparti dell’ospedale. Stava lì per ore, leccando
loro delicatamente una mano ed agitando la coda. Un giorno, mentre stava facendo il suo solito
giro, il dottor Bianco passò accanto ad un uomo con la faccia tutta rossa.
L’uomo cominciò ad urlare, rivolto alla caposala: “C’è un cane in reparto! C’è un cane!” La
caposala cercò di spiegargli rapidamente: è un cane speciale, ha salvato molte vite…”. L’uomo, a
quanto poi si seppe, era un ispettore e non volle ascoltare una parola di più dalla caposala.
Fece immediatamente rapporto e il dottor Bianco non avrebbe più potuto visitare i suoi pazienti.
Giorno e notte, il cagnolino stava accucciato sullo scalino fuori dalla porta della cucina
dell’ospedale.
I bambini sentivano molto la sua mancanza; molti non miglioravano e alcuni peggioravano
addirittura. Marco invece era stato fortunato, perché la magia del dottor Bianco l’aveva fatto
guarire, ed era già tornato a casa. Ma un giorno l’ispettore tornò. La caposala gli andò incontro
all’ingresso. “Immagino che sarà qui per controllare” gli disse sgarbatamente. “Non deve
preoccuparsi: il cane non mette più piede qua dentro…e i miei pazienti stanno male”.
Alzò gli occhi sul viso dell’ispettore e vide che le sue guance erano rigate di lacrime. “Sono
spiacente…mia figlia è ammalata” disse lui con la voce rotta. “Può venire a darle un’occhiata?”
L’infermiera lo seguì lungo il corridoio, fino alla camera della bambina.
Stesa sul letto c’era una ragazzina bellissima. Il padre le parlò, ma lei non aprì nemmeno gli occhi.
“Per favore, guarisci. Ho bisogno di te” la supplicava mentre le sue lacrime cadevano sul viso della
piccola. Ma la bimba restava immobile, non aveva nessuna reazione. Alla caposala tornò in mente
Marco, che era ricoverato proprio nella stessa camera. Giorno dopo giorno,il cagnolino bianco si era
accucciato accanto a lui e lentamente, come per miracolo, Marco aveva cominciato a migliorare.
Guardò il padre disperato. ”Faremo tutto il possibile per sua figlia” disse infine. Quella notte, la
caposala scese in cucina. Aprì la porta sul retro. Il dottor Bianco era accucciato sullo scalino. I suoi
occhi erano tristi, ma le fece un cenno di saluto con la coda. Lei tenne la porta aperta invitandolo ad 2
entrare e lui saltò in piedi e trotterellò in cucina. Fece di corsa le due rampe di scala e attraversò il
corridoio.
Il dottor Bianco si fermò sulla porta della camera della ragazzina. Il suo viso era pallido, teneva gli
occhi chiusi e non si muoveva. Il dottor Bianco saltò sul letto e si acciambellò vicino a lei; le toccò
la mano con il nasetto umido, ma lei non si mosse.
Continuò a leccarle la mano, di tanto in tanto, per farle capire che non era sola. Il mattino seguente,
quando l’ispettore entrò nella stanza, vide il braccio di sua figlia intorno al cagnolino bianco. Il
cagnolino scodinzolava e la bambina aprì gli occhi e sorrise al papà.
L’ispettore allungò la mano, accarezzò il cane e gli disse semplicemente: “Grazie.”
Nessuno ha mai contato le vite salvate dal tenero dottor Bianco, ma certo lavorò in ospedale ancora
per molto molto tempo.
Si dice in giro che fu lo stesso ispettore a riportare la sua ciotola in cucina.
3
1. Alla fine del racconto il dottor Bianco ….
A) Lavora in ospedale ancora per molto, molto tempo
B) Non lavora più in ospedale
C) Lavora in ospedale ancora per poco tempo
2. Si dice in giro che l’ispettore dopo la guarigione della sua bambina…
A) Abbia cacciato per sempre il dottor Bianco
B) Abbia riportato lui stesso in cucina la ciotola del dottor Bianco
C) Abbia regalato un camice bianco al cagnolino
3. Dopo avere allungato la mano ed accarezzato il dottor Bianco, l’ispettore dice…
A) Semplicemente grazie
B) Semplicemente addio
C) Non tornare mai più
4. Il mattino seguente alla terapia scodinzolina del dottor Bianco, cosa fa la figlia dell’ispettore?
A) Apre gli occhi , sorride contenta e il cagnolino non c’è più
B) Dorme mentre il cagnolino scodinzola contento sulla poltrona
C) Abbraccia il cagnolino bianco che scodinzola, apre gli occhi e sorride al papà
5. Cosa fa il dottor Bianco dopo essersi acciambellato accanto alla figlia dell’ispettore ?
A) Le tocca la mano con il nasetto umido, … continua a leccarle la mano, di tanto in
tanto, per farle capire che non è sola.
B) Le tocca la mano con il nasino umido, … poi smette di leccarle la mano; di tanto in
tanto la guarda per farle capire che non è sola.
C) Salta sulla poltrona vicino a lei, le tocca la mano con il nasetto umido, … continua a
leccarle la mano, di tanto in tanto, per farle capire che è sola.
6. Quando il dottor Bianco entra nella camera della ragazzina la trova immobile …
A) Con gli occhi chiusi e il viso rosso
B) Con gli occhi chiusi e il viso pallido
C) Con gli occhi aperti e il viso pallido
7. Quando la caposala apre la porta sul retro, dopo aver parlato con l’ispettore…
A) Non trovando il dottor Bianco richiude subito la porta
B) Invita il dottor Bianco ad andar via dall’ospedale
C) Trova il dottor Bianco accucciato sullo scalino 4
8. Cosa dice la caposala all’ispettore, dopo aver visto la ragazzina ammalata?
A) “Può venire a darle un’occhiata?”
B) “Faremo tutto il possibile per sua figlia”
C) “Per favore guarisci. Ho bisogno di te”
9. Come si chiama la terapia di cui la mamma di Marco ha fiducia?
A) Terapia scodinzolina
B) Terapia cagnolina
C) Terapia bianchina
10. Cosa vede la caposala quando all’ingresso va incontro all’ispettore?
A) L’ispettore che sorride
B) L’ispettore con le guance rigate di lacrime
C) L’ispettore che urla con la faccia tutta rossa
11. Cosa dice la caposala quando l’ispettore si presenta in ospedale la seconda volta?
A) “Deve preoccuparsi: il cane non mette più piede qua dentro…e i miei pazienti stanno
male”.
B) “Non deve preoccuparsi: il cane non mette più piede qua dentro…e i miei pazienti
non stanno male”.
C) “Non deve preoccuparsi: il cane non mette più piede qua dentro…e i miei pazienti
stanno male”.
12. Perché un giorno l’ispettore torna all’ospedale?
A) Perché sua figlia è ammalata
B) Per controllare se le sue disposizioni sono state rispettate
C) Per punire la caposala per avere fatto entrare il dottor Bianco in reparto
13. Perché Marco è fortunato?
A) È guarito da solo ed è già tornato a casa
B) Grazie alla magia del dottor Bianco non è guarito
C) Grazie alla magia del dottor Bianco è guarito
14. I bambini sono affezionati al dottor Bianco?
A) No
B) Si
C) Non si deduce dal brano 5
15. Cosa fa l’ispettore la prima volta che vede il dottor Bianco?
A) Fa immediatamente rapporto e stabilisce che il dottor Bianco avrebbe potuto visitare
i suoi pazienti solo una volta al giorno
B) Fa immediatamente rapporto e il dottor Bianco non può più visitare i suoi pazienti
C) Fa immediatamente rapporto e il dottor Bianco avrebbe potuto visitare i suoi pazienti
solo una volta al mese
16. Chi è il dottor Bianco?
A) Un medico affermato in camice bianco
B) Un ispettore con l’abito bianco
C) Un cagnolino bianco
17. Cosa fa Marco quando si accorge che vicino a lui c’è il dottor Bianco?
A) Spalanca gli occhi e sorride
B) Apre a metà gli occhi e sorride
C) Socchiude gli occhi e piange
18. Cosa sta facendo la mamma di Marco quando arriva il dottor Bianco?
A) La mamma tiene una mano a Marco e, piano piano piange, ma quando vede entrare il
dottor Bianco
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سهیل گری های مورد نیاز در گذرهای تاریخی، فرهنگی و هنری شیراز اشاره کرد.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>-
fotografcılıkta da ısık gölge aydınlatması olarak kullanılan bir aydınlatma cesidi..
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caravaggio'nun elinde saheserlere donusmus teknik.
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kiaroskuro diye okunur.
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arve henriksenin 2004 kayıtlı, rune grammofon etiketli albümü. arve henriksene davulda audun kleive ve ses sanatçısı jan bang eşlik etmiştir. tek kelimeyle nefis bir albüm, bir şeylere eşlik etmekten ziyade kendisine eşlik edilmeli.
http://www.runegrammofon.com/…talog.php?shownews=40
şarkı listesi:
opening image
bird's-eye-view
chiaro
holography
blue silk
parallel action
circled take
scuro
time lapse
ending image
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resimde bazı bölümleri karanlık bazı bölümleri aydınlık boyama tekniğidir. barok ve rönesans zamanlarında kullanılmıştır ancak kullanılma amaçları farklıdır. barok döneminde, örneğin carravaggio resimlerinde kontrastı fazla tutmuş ve bu tekniği kullanarak resimlerine 'drama' katmayı amaçlamıştır. öte yandan rönesans döneminde leanardo da vinci'nin tablolarında daha az kontrastlı ışık oyunlarına yer vermiştir, bundaki amaç ise resime üç boyut katmak ve figürlere canlılık kazandırmaktır.
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(bkz: sfumato)
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(bkz: chiaro e scuro)
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fotografta genelde rembrandt aydınlatması ile kullanılan efekt.koyu tonlar ve açık tonların birbirine zıtlık yaratması durumu...<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Hospitals in the United Kingdom began allowing women to use specially designed pools of water for labour and birth during the 1980’s.
The wide-spread popularity and acceptance of water birth pools as a standard part of the maternity care package necessitated the development of guidelines & regulations to define standards and ensure they’re met.
The United Kingdom Department of Health has published a panoply of water safety directives that apply to water birth pools.
Policies and recommendations set forth in the Water Birth Safety Initiative are based upon these publications.
The Water Birth Safety Initiative (WBSI) calls for development of international standards modelled on the UK’s so that women the world over can benefit from the use of water for labour and birth safeguarded from risk.
The WBSI calls for the implementation of stricter protocols and sets forth recommendations for equipment standards.
The guidelines set forth in the WBSI are intended to serve as a framework of standards for birth pool suppliers, hospitals and midwives to work with to establish safe codes of practice.
Guidelines for Water Birth Pools Installed in Hospital
Water is more prone to bacteria growth after it leaves the public water distribution system and enters a building’s plumbing.
There it finds warmer temperatures, stagnation, and smaller pipes, valves and fittings.
Biofilm that forms on valves and fittings and pipe walls not only feeds bacteria but also protects them from the hot water and chlorine that typically would kill free-floating organisms.
Large systems with complex piping networks — like those found in hospitals, hotels and large apartment buildings — are especially prone to bacteria growth.15
Water Birth Pools that are installed in hospitals have the benefit of being maintained by staff to ensure that protocols are established, met and maintained.
Consideration and due diligence with regard to the prospective purchase of water birth pools and the assessment of pools already in use needs to be taken to ensure that the associated plumbing and electrical systems meet relevant safety standards.
The United Kingdom’s Department of Health and National Health Service has an exemplary safety record achieved by establishing rigorous sets of guidelines and regulations for the design, installation, use and maintenance (cleaning/disinfection) of water birth pools.
In the UK water birth pools are classed as a Category Fluid 5 water risk which represents a serious health hazard due to the concentration of pathogenic organisms, radioactive or very toxic substances, e.g. containing faecal material or other human waste; butchery or other animal waste or pathogens.
Water Birth Pools must be installed in compliance with water regulations as set forth in The Water Supply (Water Fittings) Regulations 1999.11
The 7 sins of water safety
To ensure high standards are met it is strongly advised that you do not use a water birth pool that has any of these features:
- Overflow drains
- Internal water inlets
- Hand-held showers
- Systems with flexible hoses or extended pipes
- Integral or secondary plumbing systems
- Any type of recirculating or pumped water systems such as whirlpool, jacuzzi, spa, bubbling, filtering etc
- Heating systems
1) Overflow drains
Overflow drains harbour bacteria and can serve as a conduit for cross infection.
Regulations are very clear on this point – overflow drains should not be installed on water birth pools as they constitute a constant infection control risk much more significant than the possible risk of damage due to water overflowing.11,12
Some digital taps on the market can be set for filling time thus obviating the risk of the pool overflowing.
2) Internal water inlets
Internal water inlets act in place of taps to fill the pool.
They are installed on the inside of the pool just above the water line and connected with pipework to a thermostatic valve.
If the water level rises there is a high risk of back flow enabling bacteria to enter the system creating a risk of cross infection.7
3) Handheld showers
Handheld showers present a significant infection control risk due to the fact that they can fall in the pool and be contaminated with bacteria that could breed and be passed on next time the shower is used.
Department of Health regulations clearly stipulate that handheld showers and bath/shower mixers are not installed for use with water birth pools. 13
Handheld showers present a Fluid Category 5 risk to the mains water supply.
It must not be possible to submerge the showerhead in the water due to risk of cross infection.
In order to comply with category 5 water regulations covering back siphonage, a class AUK3 air gap would be required, which generally prevents the use of handsets, unless there is a separate break tank installed in the hospital plumbing system.
4) Systems with flexible hoses or extended pipes
Systems that employ flexible piping, have branch pipes or hold stagnant water present a potential hazard and must not be used with water birth pools.
It is impossible to clean, disinfect or monitor these systems.
They have been proven to be a source of Legionella and Pseudomonas. 14
Weekly flushing recommendations recommended by the department of health cannot be executed with such systems, and the effectiveness of this cannot be monitored due to the inacessibility of the closed system.
5) Integral or secondary plumbing systems
Integral, secondary or proprietary plumbing systems are fitted to some water birth pools.
As these systems can employ flexible and non-flexible piping, overflow drains, handheld showers and are often pumped or recirculating they present a significant infection control risk and should be banned from use.
Regulations stipulate that water birth pools are filled from thermostatically controlled wall mounted mixer taps plumbed directly into the hospitals water supply with the minimum of pipework.
Not only do secondary or integral plumbing systems present unacceptable risks, they are impossible to clean, disinfect or monitor and therefore present an extremely high and unacceptable infection control risk.
They must not be present on pools used for labour and birth. 10
6) Recirculating or pumped water systems
Recirculating or pumped water systems such as whirlpool, jacuzzi, spa, bubbling, filtering etc. have the perfect environmental conditions to be a potential source for the growth of microorganisms, including legionella bacteria and must not be installed on water birth pools.
Water systems that are able produce aerosols represent the highest levels of risk.
Aerosols can be generated very easily when the water surface is broken -for example, by falling water droplets, splashing, or by bubbles breaking at the surface.
Once introduced to artificial water systems, Legionella can thrive in warm water (30 – 35 °C) and has been shown to be present on flexible seals and metal surfaces within plumbing systems used in domestic potable water supplies.
Inadequately maintained spa pools (birth pools with pumped or recirculating systems) provide ideal conditions to support the growth of legionellae and other microorganisms, which may then become aerosolised and subsequently inhaled.15
7) Heating systems
Heating systems for water birth pools are not necessary and present unacceptable infection control risks.7
There are two types of heating systems in use:
1. Recirculating system with a heat exchanger
Water is pumped out of the pool and through a heat exchanger and then flows back into the pool.
These systems present one of the highest infection control risks and should not be installed on a water birth pool under any circumstances. (covered by points 4, 5 and 6 above).
2. Electric heating systems
Similar to under floor heating found in homes do not present an infection control risk.
But, they do present an unacceptable health and safety risk and should therefore not be installed in water birth pools.
These systems consist of a network of cables embedded in the fabric of the birth pool that are attached to the power supply through a thermostat.
The heat is transmitted from the cables through the floor of the pool and then transferred to the water.
The inherent problem with these systems is that the water is relied on to take the heat away from the material.
If a woman remains motionless the heat becomes concentrated and a “hotspot” develops which can result in the woman being burned.
Plumbing for filling and emptying water birth pools should be simple, straight forward and kept to the minimum.
A set of taps (see below) mounted on the wall 15cm above the rim and a drainage system similar to that of a normal bath is all that is required.
Rim mounted taps present two areas of risk:
1. Women may hit their head on taps that are mounted on the rim of the pool causing injury.
In the throes of labour a woman is not as cognisant of her surroundings as she normally is.
She needs to be protected from the potential harm that could result from hitting her head or other part of her body on the spout.
2. Risk to the taps and pool caused by the labouring woman grabbing onto the spout for support could easily cause damage to the fitting or fabric of the pool.
Filling the birth pool
Water Birth Pools should be filled directly from the hospitals main water supply through a ¾ Thermostatic Mixing Valve (TMV).
To comply with UK National Health Service regulations the valve must have TMV3 approval for use in Healthcare and Commercial situations and certify that it conforms to the performance requirements of the Department of Health.16
To kill legionella and other bacteria, water in hospitals systems is heated to 60 – 80 °C.
Water temperature entering the birth pool should be limited by the TMV to 44 °C to prevent scalding.
The added benefit of using a TMV connected directly to the hospitals main water supply is that it can be set to automatically flush itself of stagnant water twice a day and be thermally disinfected periodically.
The use of a TMV ensures a safe water supply.
Digital thermostatic mixing valves with enhanced thermal performance that incorporate these features are ideal:
1) Programmable control to accurately mix and maintain the temperature of the water flowing into the birth pool and limit the temperature of the water to 44 °C to prevent scalding.17
2) Programmable fill duration to fill the pool to the desired depth and then turn off.
This is important as water birth pools are not allowed to have overflow drains installed and this feature will prevent the pool from overflowing when unattended.
3) Programmable duty flushing to ensure that water does not stagnate within the tap and associated pipe work, effectively controlling the multiplication of legionella & other bacteria in infrequently used outlets.
Flushing duration is in line with HSE L8 recommendations.18
4) Programmable high-temperature thermal disinfection to destroy the proteins in viruses and bacteria and render them as dead or inert.
Thermal disinfection works by achieving a moist heat which is set at a specific temperature for a set amount of time.
Viruses and bacteria are very sensitive to heat and they will die if exposed to higher temperatures. 19
Emptying the Pool
Water from a birth pool needs to be treated as Fluid category 5 waste representing a serious health hazard due to the concentration of pathogenic organisms derived from fecal material or other human waste and emptied directly into the hospital’s waste water system.20
The pipework needs to have a trap or U bend fit as close to the waste/drain as possible.
The drainage fitting or waste should seal neatly into the drain.
The drainage fitting should be cleaned and flushed through with disinfectant and then dried as part of the cleaning protocol.
The waste should be kept closed when the pool is not in use.
There should be NO flexible pipe used in the drainage pipework.21
The waste should be remotely operated (i.e. pop up waste with rim mounted control) and of the best quality, preferably high-grade brass, to resist the corrosive action of chlorides and other disinfectants.
The Water Birth Safety Initiative was conceived by Keith Brainin to motivate and enable birth pool suppliers and health care professionals to raise standards and implement protocols to make water birth safe.
Healio – Infectious Disease News. (2014, December 26). Legionellosis death after water birth sparks call for stricter infection control protocols. http://www.healio.com/infectious-disease/practice management/news/online/%7Bfe352169-755d-4d21-9bb2-abb8ae209f89%7D/legionellosis-death-after-water-birth-sparks-call-for-stricter-infection-control-protocols
Inquisitr. (2015, January 16). Oregon Water Birth Leaves Baby Disabled, Lawsuit Wants Labor Options Banned. http://www.inquisitr.com/1761136/oregon-water-birth-leaves-baby-disabled-lawsuits-wants-labor-options-banned/
GOV.UK. Alert after Legionnaires’ disease case in baby, 2014. https://www.gov.uk/government/news/alert-after-legionnaires-disease-case-in-baby
The Guardian. Legionnaires’ disease in baby is linked to heated birthing pool, June 17, 2014.http://www.theguardian.com/society/2014/jun/17/legionnaires-disease-heated-birthing-pool-baby-public-health
Guidance from the Water Regulations Advisory Scheme (WRAS) https://www.wras.co.uk/consumers/advice_for_consumers/what_are_the_water_regulations_/
M.W. LeChevallier, 2003 World Health Organization (WHO). Conditions favouring coliform and HPC bacterial growth in drinking- water and on water contact surfaces. Heterotrophic Plate Counts and Drinking-water Safety. Edited by J. Bartram, J. Cotruvo, M. Exner, C. Fricker, A. Glasmacher. Published by IWA Publishing, London, UK. ISBN: 1 84339 025 6.
www.gov.uk. Public Health England advice on home birthing pools, 2014. https://www.gov.uk/government/news/public-health-england-advice-on-home-birthing-pools
Health and Safety Executive. (2013). Legionnaires’ disease: Technical guidance [3.4], 2013. http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/priced/hsg274part3.pdf
United Lincolnshire Hospitals NHS Trust UK. Cleaning, Disinfection and Sterilization Guidelines for Re-Usable Medical Devices 2010.
http://www.eurosurveillance.org. Case of legionnaires’ disease in a neonate following an home birth in a heated birthing pool. England, June 2014 http://www.eurosurveillance.org/ViewArticle.aspx?ArticleId=20857
Water Regulations Advisory Scheme (WRAS). Fluid Categories. https://www.wras.co.uk/consumers/resources/glossary/fluid_categories/
WHBN 00-10 Welsh Health Building Note. Part C: Sanitary assemblies2014, http://www.wales.nhs.uk/sites3/documents/254/WHBN%2000-10%20Part%20C.pdf
Department of Health, Children, young people and maternity services. Health Building Note 09-02: Maternity care facilities, 2009.
Freije, Matthew R. Some waterborne bacteria are tough, 2010. http://www.watertechonline.com/articles/some-waterborne-bacteria-are-tough
Woolnough, Kevin. Legionella Expert Calls for Greater Vigilance, 2014. http://www.eurofins.co.uk/news-archive/legionella-expert-calls-for-greater-vigilance.aspx
BEAMA. TMV Standards and regulations, 2013. http://www.beama.org.uk/en/product-areas/heating-hot-water–air-movement/thermostatic-mixing-valves/tmva-faqs-on-thermostatic-mixing-valves/tmv-standards-and-regulations.cfm
Health and Safety Executive. Managing the risks from hot water and surfaces in health and social care, 2012. http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/hsis6.pdf
Health and Safety Executive. Legionnaires’ disease The control of legionella bacteria in water systems, 2013. http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/priced/l8.pdf
Health and Safety Executive. Managing legionella in hot and cold water systems. http://www.hse.gov.uk/healthservices/legionella.htm
SMS Environmental – the water experts. Fluid Categories. http://www.sms-environmental.co.uk/fluid_categories.html.
Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust. Legionella Management and Control Procedures, 2014.
- Ashford and St. Peter’s Hospitals, Women’s Health and Paediatrics Division (Abbey Birth Centre). Operational Policy and Clinical Guide, 2014.
- BASINGSTOKE AND NORTH HAMPSHIRE NHS FOUNDATION TRUST . CLEANING, DISINFECTION AND STERILISATION POLICY. Prod. Helen Campbell. BASINGSTOKE AND NORTH HAMPSHIRE, BASINGSTOKE AND NORTH HAMPSHIRE, 2010.
- BEAMA. TMV Standards and regulations. 2013. http://www.beama.org.uk/en/product-areas/heating-hot-water–air-movement/thermostatic-mixing-valves/tmva-faqs-on-thermostatic-mixing-valves/tmv-standards-and-regulations.cfm (accessed 2014 йил 24-09).
- Buckinghamshire Healthcare NHS Trust. Water birth and use of water in labour guideline. Prod. Miss G Tasker and Audrey Warren. 2013.
- Dekker, Rebecca. “Evidence on the Safety of Water Birth.” http://evidencebasedbirth.com/. 2014. http://evidencebased
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ap çiçek standlarında vb. İnsanların dinlenip doğal güzelliği takdir etmeleri için kullanılır.Dış mekan zeminleri, bahçe manzaraları, ahşap salıncaklar, eğlence tesisleri, ahşap plakalar vb. İçin ideal bir malzemedir. , Bahçe tasarımcıları tarafından tercih edilir, ancak bilim ve teknolojinin gelişmesiyle birlikte Bijie antikorozif ahşap zaten çok çevre dostudur, bu nedenle genellikle iç dekorasyon, döşeme ve mobilyalarda kullanılır.İç dekorasyon tasarımcıları da antikorozif ahşabı çok severler.
Son Makaleler<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>已知函数.
（1）若在处的切线方程为，求，的值；
（2）若为区间上的任意实数，且对任意，总有成立，求实数的最小值.
高二数学解答题困难题查看答案及解析
已知椭圆的左右焦点分别为，离心率为，点在椭圆上，，，过与坐标轴不垂直的直线与椭圆交于两点．
（1）求椭圆的方程；
（2）若的中点为，在线段上是否存在点，使得？若存在，请求出的取值范围；若不存在，请说明理由．
高二数学解答题中等难度题查看答案及解析
如图，在直三棱柱中，，是的中点，.
（1）求证：平面；
（2）若异面直线和所成角的余弦值为，求四棱锥的体积.
高二数学解答题中等难度题查看答案及解析
2018年8月8日是我国第十个全民健身日，其主题是：新时代全民健身动起来.某市为了解全民健身情况，随机从某小区居民中抽取了40人，将他们的年龄分成7段：，，，，，，后得到年龄如图所示的频率分布直方图.
（1）试求这40人年龄的众数、中位数的估计值；
（2）（i）若从样本中年龄在的居民中任取2人赠送健身卡，求这2人中至少有1人年龄低于60岁的概率；
（ii）己知该小区年龄在内的总人数为1200，若18岁以上（含18岁）为成年人，试估计该小区年龄不超过80岁的成年人人数.
高二数学解答题简单题查看答案及解析
设的内角，，的对边分别为，，，已知.
（1）求角；
（2）若，，求的面积.
高二数学解答题中等难度题查看答案及解析
以平面直角坐标系的原点为极点，轴的正半轴为极轴，建立极坐标系，已知直线的参数方程是（为参数），曲线的极坐标方程为.
（1）求直线的普通方程和曲线的直角坐标方程；
（2）若直线与x轴交于点，与曲线交于点，，求的值.
高二数学解答题简单题查看答案及解析
如图，一张矩形白纸，，，，分别为，的中点，现分别将，沿，DF折起，且、在平面同侧，下列命题正确的是_________（写出所有正确命题的序号）
①平面平面时，
②当平面平面时，平面
③当、重合于点时，
④当、重合于点时，三棱锥的外接球的半径为
高二数学填空题困难题查看答案及解析
已知倾斜角为的直线的斜率等于双曲线的离心率，则_________.
高二数学填空题中等难度题查看答案及解析
已知满足，则的最小值为_________.
高二数学填空题中等难度题查看答案及解析
已知向量，，若，则_________.
高二数学填空题简单题查看答案及解析<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Historical fiction . . . and mice (or, well, rats)!
ELE 616 Research in Children’s Literature Spring 2011 Historical Fiction… and Mice (or, well, rats, really)!
2Define historicalfiction? • historical fiction – A narrative in the form of a novel set in a specific place and period in history, or based on an event or sequence of events that actually happened. The characters may be completely fictional, but if they are known to have existed, their feelings, words, and actions are reconstructed and to some degree imagined by the author. The presence of dialogue in a historical work is usually a clue that the account is fictionalized. – For more information, connect to the Historical Novel Society. Click here to connect to the Google list of historical fiction Web sites. Compare with nonfiction. See also: Scott ODell Award.
3But, what isHistoricalFiction, forsooth? been a•―The historical novel has alwaysliterary form at war with itself. The veryterm, implying a fiction somehow groundedin fact – a lie with obscure obligations to thetruth – is suggestive of the contradictions ofthe genre.‖ –Quote from a review, cited in “History is but a fable agreed upon: the problem of truth in history and fiction,” speech by Richard Lee to Romantic Novelists Association
4What is History, though? • Whatever else it may be – it is NOT truth – Each decade throws up new approaches to history, finds new or previously overlooked sources and gives entirely new weight to the facts they do agree on. – History, in other words, is tailored for its audience. – The facts that survive are absurdly inadequate. The interpretation that is put on them is a huge distortion even of those few facts. • History is but a fable agreed upon
5What is History, then?• History is not quite the out and out truth that it seems – At its best it is only one historian’s selection of what he or she BELIEVES, at any particular time, is most relevant from the body of material that survives. At worst – well at worst, it is no more than the sort of bigoted opinion and blatant manipulation of sources that we’ve recently seen exposed in the work of holocaust denier, DAVID IRVING. • History is but a fable agreed upon
6Where does that leaveHistorical is the most primal, the most NATURAL• Historical fiction Fiction? of literary forms – Historical fiction . . . is the artistic form that springs from this impulse to give a shape to the past. But it’s not JUST to give a shape to the past. It is to bring part of the past ALIVE into the present. – . . . all historical fiction . . . makes us feel, as a protagonist, what otherwise would be dead and lost to us. It transports us into the past. And the very best historical fiction presents to us a TRUTH of the past that is NOT the truth of the history books, but a bigger truth, a more important truth – a truth of the HEART. • History is but a fable agreed upon
7Differences between history andhistorical fiction • Andrew M. Greeley – History and historical fiction are necessarily not the same thing. The purpose of history is to narrate events as accurately as one can. The purpose of historical fiction is to enable a reader through the perspective of characters in the story to feel that she or he is present at the events. Such a goal obviously requires some modification of the events. • Quoted by Cindy Vallar in Historical Fiction vs. History • See her selected Articles on Historical Fiction vs. History (scroll down page)
8Problems with writing HistoricalFiction Problem of Definition • The – just how “past” is “past”? • The Problem of ―Truth‖ Fall 1998 – Historical Fiction or Fictional History? Historical Fiction or • The Problem of Balance Fictionalized History? – How much “authentic” detail? Problems for • The Problem of Accuracy Writers of Historical – How do you avoid errors or Novels for anachronisms? Young Adults • The Problem of Provenance Joanne Brown – Where does the story come from?
9How do these authors do it?• Making it real: bringing historical fiction alive – The challenge for me in writing historical fiction is this: How can I see, hear, feel, taste, smell, and know what my main character experienced? I have always done this through a combination of book research, exploring original records, searching for artifacts, doing interviews, and reenactment. I am an experiential learner. I am also somewhat dyslexic, so the book research can take me just so far. Touching real original records and artifacts can often transport my imagination back in time in ways that no microfilm ever could. • Carbone, E. (2007, June). making it real: bringing historical fiction alive. Teacher Librarian, 34(5), 27-30. Retrieved October 27, 2007, from Academic
10Teaching HistoricalFiction• – To help you build good fiction into your social studies program, you’ll find: • Seven Reasons I Teach with Historical Fiction • Tips for Choosing Good Historical Fiction • Fifteen Fabulous New Historical Fiction Books • Is Pocahontas Real? Discovering Where History Stops and the Story Starts
11Mice in historical fiction?• Not many mice—a few rats, though!
12 Historical fiction based in legend • What Happened in Hamelinhttp://dogeardiary.blogspot.com/2008/10/what-happened-in-hamelin.html
13An Australian story• Ratface and Snake Eyes – A rat plague begins at the height of the depression in Gladstone, Qld. Snake Eyes and his primary school friends go into business snake catching and Ratface and his gang go into business as rat catchers. Together, the two gangs uncover an important opal smuggling operation using both rats and snakes. For those aged between 10 and 14.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>آزردن کودک
یکی از شاگردان بزرگوار شیخ رجبعلی خیاط (رحمه الله) گفت: فرزند دو ساله ام - که اکنون حدود چهل سال دارد - در منزل ادرار کرده بود و مادرش چنان او را زد که نزدیک بود نفس بچه بند بیاید. خانم پس از یک ساعت تب کرد، تب شدیدی که به پزشک مراجعه کردیم و در شرایط اقتصادی آن روز شصت تومان پول نسخه و دارو شد، ولی تب قطع نشد، بلکه شدیدتر شد. مجدداً به پزشک مراجعه کردیم و این بار چهل تومان بابت هزینه درمان پرداخت کردیم که در آن روزگار برایم سنگین بود.
باری، شب هنگام، جناب شیخ را در ماشین سوار کردم تا به جلسه برویم. همسرم نیز در ماشین بود، جناب شیخ که سوار شد، اشاره به خانم کردم و گفتم: والده بچه هاست، تب کرده، دکتر هم بردیم ولی تب او قطع نمی شود. شیخ نگاهی کرد و خطاب به همسرم فرمود: بچه را که آن طور نمی زنند، استغفار کن، از بچه دلجویی کن و چیزی برایش بخر، خوب می شود. چنین کردیم، تب او قطع شد!(221).
در برابر آزار و بدی ها اینگونه باشیم!
روایت شده که چون حضرت یعقوب و یوسف به هم رسیدند، یعقوب پرسید: پسر جان بگو برایم چه بر سرت آمد؟ گفت: بابا مپرس که برادرانم با من چه کردند، بپرس که خدا با من چه کرد.(222)
نعوذ بالله
یکی از خلفای عباسی که به غایت ظلم پیشه و ستم اندیشه بود، با یکی از ندمای خویش گفت که به جهت من لقبی پیداکن مثل المعتصم بالله و الناصر دین الله و... آن ندیم گفت: هیچ لقبی برای تو مناسب تر از نعوذبالله نیست(223).<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Ha una importanza storica notevole questa foto: perché non fa parte delle immagini conosciute della battaglia, quelle della serie "Benschel", così chiamate dal nome del fotografo tedesco Benschel che le scattò; Benschel era insieme ad altri fotografi e apparteneva alla Propaganda Kompanie, il reparto di fotoreporter tedesco che da Roma si recò a Barletta per documentare con foto e riprese video la riconquista della città. Analizzando la foto, sembra essere stata scattata a bordo di un altro mezzo militare (al momento non ci è dato sapere se esistono altre foto scattate dallo stesso fotografo).
E' una nuova fotografia, che dimostra quale fu l'impegno da parte dei tedeschi e dello Stato Maggiore tedesco di riconquistare Barletta documentando il più possibile.
Ma perché Barletta fu così importante per i tedeschi? Perché così tante immagini? E perché Barletta resisteva ancora il 12 settembre, unica tra le città italiane?
Ricordiamone la storia
L'8 settembre 1943, alle ore 19.30 Badoglio annuncia via radio l'armistizio con gli americani. Alle 21.00 lo Stato Maggiore tedesco emana la parola d'ordine "Achse", cioè l'attacco a tutte le postazioni militari italiane per disarmarle e metterle fuori combattimento. Mentre i tedeschi attaccano con tutte le forze possibili gli italiani in tutta Italia, nei Balcani e nelle isole dell'Egeo, nessun ordine identico viene emanato dallo Stato Maggiore italiano; la Memoria OP 44, cioè l'ordine di attaccare i tedeschi, preparato, non viene perà diramato.
Alle 6 del mattino del 9 settembre, lo Stato Maggiore delle Forze militari italiane cessa di esistere.
Tutto lo Stato Maggiore, tutti gli ufficiali operativi, da Ambrosio, a Roatta, a De Courten, a Sandalli, stanno seguendo il Re e Badoglio in trasferimento prima a Pescara e poi a Brindisi.
Dalle 6 di mattine, tutti i telefoni, a Roma, tempestati di chiamate da tutti i reparti italiani che chiedono istruzioni, squillano a vuoto. A Roma non c'è più quasi nessuno.
I tedeschi attaccano ovunque le postazioni italiane. Solo a Roma si combatte, ma senza un piano e un coordinamento preciso. Nella notte tra il 9 e il 10 Badoglio e il Re si imbarcano a Ortona sulla nave Baionetta. Arrivano a Brindisi nel pomeriggio accolti da uno stupito Ammiraglio Rubartelli, Comandante della Piazza di Brindisi, che si vede tutto lo Stato maggiore sbarcare nella città pugliese.
Nello stesso momento a Roma, cessano i combattimenti dell'esercito contro i tedeschi. Nel pomeriggio del 10 settembre l'Esercito italiano non esiste più, salvo alcune sacche di resistenza nei Balcani e nelle isole (come Cefalonia, Corfù, Lero).
In tutto questo marasma, Barletta è stata risparmiata: è vissuta in una incredibile bolla di serenità. Infatti i tedeschi avevano la 1^ Divisione paracadutisti sparpagliata tra Puglia e Basilicata. Barletta per i primi 3 giorni non fu toccata dai tedeschi; inoltre a Barletta, poiché la situazione era di assoluta tranquillità, e poiché una buona parte delle truppe era pugliese, non scattò il "tutti a casa".
Il dramma comincia nella notte tra il 10 e l'11: con il Re in sicurezza a Brindisi, lo Stato Maggiore italiano emana l'ordine: "considerate i tedeschi come nemici".
E' un ordine: il colonnello Francesco Grasso, comandante della 209^ Divisione Costiera sulla Piazza di Barletta, del tutto ignaro di quello che sta accadendo in tutta Italia, predispone le difese per combattere i tedeschi. La mattina dell'11 i tedeschi provenienti dalla Basilicata - Gruppo di Combattimento "Friedrich Kurtz" (si, proprio il comandante del "Miracolo di Trani") - si recano a Barletta per disarmare i soldati. Non si aspettano la Resistenza: al caposaldo Crocifisso una batteria controcarro guidata dal tenente Vasco Ventavoli e dal tiratore scelto sergente Guido Giandiletti, blocca i tedeschi distruggendo un carro armato; i soldati italiani riescono a fare prigionieri 120 soldati tedeschi.
Lo Stato Maggiore tedesco va su tutte le furie: Barletta resiste. E' l'unica città in Italia nella quale l'Esercito italiano ancora combatte. Barletta va punita; la mattina del 12 settembre, 3 aerei tedeschi piombano sulla città bombardando le caserme.
Vengono inviati rinforzi: carri armati, semoventi, i terribili cannoni da 88; le truppe scelte dei Parà tedeschi, quelli che combatteranno ferocemente a Ortona e Cassino, attaccano Barletta. Il colonnello Grasso chiede rinforzi a Bari; i rinforzi non arrivano; nulla possono i sodati italiani della Divisione Costiera contro la più preparata arma militare tedesca, i Paracadutisti della 1^ Divisione.
Il colonnello Grasso, vista vana ogni resistenza ordina la res
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studies on specific types and areas of conflict in the IGAD region. At the heart of the functionality of the CEWARN Mechanism is data collection, analysis and the timely dissemination of information and knowledge to the right people and institutions. CEWARN is an interwoven network of governmental and non-governmental organisations that operate with complementary mandates in peace and development matters at local, national and regional levels.
Related links: Cewarn
- Information on crises
GUIDELINE 1: Track information on conflicts and natural disasters, and potential impact on migrants
To protect migrants, States, private sector actors, international organizations, and civil society need to understand risks and exposure to crises in regions, countries, and localities. They also need to understand the ways in which crises can affect people, including migrants, and their assets. The period before the onset of a full-scale conflict or natural disaster is a critical time to undertake efforts to protect and assist people, including migrants, and to secure essential resources and infrastructure.
Not all conflicts and natural disasters are entirely unpredictable. Conflicts may be preceded by various signs, including protests, xenophobic violence, and civil unrest. Local actors, close to the source of an impending conflict, and with the experience to interpret signs and events, may often possess the most timely and accurate information. They can be an important source of knowledge for others.
Understanding regional, national, and local natural disaster risks and overlaying this information with information on the location and characteristics of migrants can inform preparation and response efforts. As in conflict situations, local sources of knowledge may also be important. While many natural disasters occur with great immediacy, different regions, countries, and localities are prone to specific types of natural disasters. Those related to weather events often occur with some forewarning. Some are cyclical and recurrent and the warning signs will be familiar to those who have experienced them before. A number of early warning systems exist to forecast and monitor natural disasters and alert stakeholders and communities of impending crises.
- Early warning systems for natural disasters adapted and tested to reach migrants in multiple languages.
- Assessments to understand the potential effects of natural disasters on migrant communities and their assets.
- Inclusion of migrant characteristics in disaster vulnerability assessments by analyzing how factors, such as immigration status, language proficiency, or gender reduce access to information, resources, or protection.
- Community-based risk assessments that engage migrants in the identification of natural disasters, vulnerability, and capacities. Inclusion of migrants’ presence and vulnerability in early warning and early action mechanisms.
- Structures to share information on developing civil unrest or conflict.
- Capacity building
GUIDELINE 8: Build capacity and learn lessons for emergency response and post-crisis action
Limited resources, funding, and technical skills can all affect the robustness of emergency and post-crisis responses. Understanding and assessing these limitations is a critical first step towards overcoming them. Stakeholders’ investment in their own capacity to improve emergency response and post-crisis recovery for migrants is critical.
Capacity building may relate to such varied areas as consular services, training for responders, resource allocation, funding mechanisms, insurance schemes, relief goods and services, border and migration management, and relocation and evacuation. Many of these areas are relevant for both the emergency and post-crisis phases. Stakeholders should also consider addressing potential reintegration challenges for migrants, their families, and communities, facilitating re-employment, income generation, and safe remigration, and supporting migrants to access outstanding wages, assets, and property left in host States.
States, private sector actors, international organizations, and civil society should assist one another to build and improve their capacity to respond. Undertaking advocacy, monitoring and evaluations, raising awareness, conducting training, sharing information, building research and knowledge, and supporting and learning from each other all help to improve collective efforts to protect migrants.
- Training and capacity building of stakeholders, such as on effective ways to access migrants and identify vulnerability and needs.
- Dedicated funding to protect migrants, including budget lines, loans, and funding platforms.
- Referral mechanisms that map rosters of experts who can address diverse needs of different migrants.
- Peer-to-peer exchanges for capacity building and learning on tackling challenges associated with protecting migrants.
- Training for consular officials, such as on collecting information on citizens and crisis management, including evacuation.
- Monitoring and evaluation of crisis responses that includes analysis of responses towards migrants.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>L'AUTO PREDIZIONE.
Interpretazione del sogno di marina74
Il sogno
Buongiorno. Alcuni mesi fa ho sognato di andare da una cartomante. Arrivata a casa sua, prima che le facessi alcuna domanda, lei mi ha chiesto se avessi finalmente capito A. (la persona con cui avevo una relazione all'epoca). Al che risposi che lo avevo capito, che l'amore non guarda in faccia nessuno, che quando si ama, le sovrastrutture o i doveri (come il matrimonio, figli etc ) non contano pił nulla. Allora lei ha estratto una carta per me: l'eremita e mi ha detto che io ero l'eremita, sempre sola e colei che era destinata alla ricerca spirituale, che quella relazione era solo un episodio.... Mi sono messa a piangere. E' un sogno predittivo?
Interpretazione
di
Augusta Neumann
Direi si tratti di un sogno auto suggerito dalla ragione. Tutto quello che ti dice la cartomante č frutto dei tuoi pensieri consci e delle tue paure, elaborate di notte. Hai parlato a te stessa e questo ti ha consentito di liberare le emozioni. I sogni predittivi sono ben altri e soprattutto sono rari. Ciao. Augusta<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Il gioco prodotto da Activision e Terminal Reality prevederà l’azione in prima persona nello stile di “fai tutto ciò che è necessario per sopravvivere” e consentirà ai giocatori di vestire i panni di Daryl Dixon, il misterioso sopravvissuto armato di balestra, che, insieme a Merle cercheranno di raggiungere la salvezza nella città di Atlanta. Quindi sarà una sorta di Prequel della serietv.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>لطفا صبرکنید
2794
از آیات قرآن استفاده می شود که علت قتل هابیل به دست قابیل، صفت رذیله ی حسدی بوده که در وجود قابیل شعله می کشید و در نهایت به کشته شدن مظلومانه ی هابیل انجامید.
قرآن مجید داستان فرزندان آدم و قتل یکى به وسیله دیگرى را این گونه شرح داده است: "در آن هنگام که هر کدام کارى (قربانی) براى تقرب به پروردگار انجام دادند، اما از یکى (هابیل ) پذیرفته شد و از دیگری ( قابیل) پذیرفته نشد".[1] و همین موضوع سبب شد برادرى که عملش قبول نشده بود) قابیل)، دیگرى را تهدید به قتل کند، و "سوگند یاد نماید که تو را خواهم کشت"![2] اما برادر دوم (هابیل ) او را نصیحت کرد و گفت: اگر چنین جریانى پیش آمده گناه من نیست بلکه ایراد متوجه خود تو است که عملت با تقوا و پرهیزگارى همراه نبوده است و "خدا تنها از پرهیزگاران می پذیرد".[3]
سپس اضافه کرد: حتى"اگر تو به تهدیدت جامه عمل بپوشانى و دست به کشتن من دراز کنى، من هرگز مقابله به مثل نخواهم کرد و دست به کشتن تو دراز نمىکنم[4]." چرا که من از خدا می ترسم و هرگز دست به چنین گناهى نمىآلایم".[5]
به علاوه من نمی خواهم بار گناه دیگرى را بدوش بکشم "بلکه می خواهم تو بار گناه من و خویش را بدوش بکشى"[6] (زیرا اگر براستى این تهدید را عملى سازى بار گناهان گذشته من نیز بر دوش تو خواهد افتاد چرا که حق حیات را از من سلب نمودى و باید غرامت آن را بپردازى و چون عمل صالحى ندارى باید گناهان مرا بدوش بگیرى!) و مسلما با قبول این مسئولیت بزرگ "از دوزخیان خواهى بود و همین است جزاى ستمکاران".[7]
از این آیات بخوبى استفاده می شود که سرچشمه نخستین اختلافات، قتل، تعدى و تجاوز در جهان انسانیت مسئله حسد بوده، و این موضوع ما را به اهمیت این رذیله ی اخلاقى و اثر فوق العاده آن در رویدادهاى اجتماعى آشنا مىسازد.[8]
[1] مائده،27 (إِذْ قَرَّبا قُرْباناً فَتُقُبِّلَ مِنْ أَحَدِهِما وَ لَمْ یُتَقَبَّلْ مِنَ الْآخَرِ).
[2] مائده،27 (قالَ لَأَقْتُلَنَّکَ).
[3] مائده،27 (قالَ إِنَّما یَتَقَبَّلُ اللَّهُ مِنَ الْمُتَّقِینَ).
[4] مائده،28 (لَئِنْ بَسَطْتَ إِلَیَّ یَدَکَ لِتَقْتُلَنِی ما أَنَا بِباسِطٍ یَدِیَ إِلَیْکَ لِأَقْتُلَکَ).
[5] مائده،28 (إِنِّی أَخافُ اللَّهَ رَبَّ الْعالَمِینَ).
[6] مائده،29 (إِنِّی أُرِیدُ أَنْ تَبُوءَ بِإِثْمِی وَ إِثْمِکَ).
[7] مائده،29 (فَتَکُونَ مِنْ أَصْحابِ النَّارِ وَ ذلِکَ جَزاءُ الظَّالِمِینَ).
[8] ر.ک: تفسیر نمونه، ج4، ص346؛ ترجمه تفسیر المیزان، ج5، ص491؛ من هدى القرآن، ج2، ص353.
در تفسیر من هدی القرآن نوشته ی سید محمد تقى مدرسى، می خوانیم: ان قابیل لم یقتل أخاه من أجل الصراع على البقاء کما یزعم المذهب الدار و ینی، و لا من أجل الحصول على بنت أجمل کما یزعم المذهب الفرویدی، و لا من أجل سوء التربیة و ضغوط الاجتماع، أو الصراع الطبقی أو غیرها مما تزعمها المذاهب الاجتماعیة المختلفة، کلا، و لکنه قتله لحب الاستعلاء و الحسد، و إذا سیطرت البشریة على غریزة الاستعلاء فی ذاتها فقد وفقت للعیش بسلام مع بعضها و انتزعت من نفسها فتیل الحروب.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Green roofs have become a widespread phenomenon over the last few years but very little research has been focused on perfecting the practice in the Middle East, where high temperatures and dwindling water resources have prevented widespread uptake. But that is all set to change as a new center dedicated to researching the efficacy, ecology and overall environmental impact of green roofs has opened in Israel.
The University of Haifa received a gift from a British expert in the field of vegetated rooftops, and was facilitated by VP for External Relations and Resource Development Amos Gaver, according to a recent press release.
Long known to improve air quality, capture rainwater runoff, and enhance the energetic efficiency of buildings due to the insulation properties, a proliferation of green roofs in Israel and the rest of the Middle East could help to slash energy consumption.
They can help also promote greater biodiversity and urban living species for birds and insects and promote a greater green aesthetic in a region increasingly overrun with concrete buildings.
But planting a green roof isn’t quite as simple as an outdoor herb garden, which is why the Green Roof Ecology Research Center is such an important development.
“The new center, headed by Prof. Leon Blaustein of the University’s Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology, will be examining the field in the Israeli context: Will it be possible to assemble green roofs in the Israeli climate without artificial irrigation? Will Israeli flora be reliable to serve for green roofs; And do green roofs increase the biological diversity of insets and plants?” according to the university’s press release.
“Research at the center will also examine the utilization of greywater irrigation for the roofs; whether a building’s height affects insect attraction to a green roof; whether drainage from green roofs might cause more environmental damage than good; and more.”
The University of Haifa has already outfitted one roof with 48 plant beds and is currently scouting out new candidates that will receive the same treatment.
Image courtesy the University of Haifa<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>- Open Access
- Open Peer Review
The Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome (congenital absence of uterus and vagina) – phenotypic manifestations and genetic approaches
© Guerrier et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2006
- Received: 01 July 2005
- Accepted: 27 January 2006
- Published: 27 January 2006
The Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome affects at least 1 out of 4500 women and has for a long time been considered as a sporadic anomaly. Congenital absence of upper vagina and uterus is the prime feature of the disease which, in addition, is often found associated with unilateral renal agenesis or adysplasia as well as skeletal malformations (MURCS association). The phenotypic manifestations of MRKH overlap various other syndromes or associations and thus require accurate delineation. Since MRKH manifests itself in males, the term GRES syndrome (Genital, Renal, Ear, Skeletal) might be more appropriate when applied to both sexes. The MRKH syndrome, when described in familial aggregates, seems to be transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait with an incomplete degree of penetrance and variable expressivity. This suggests the involvement of either mutations in a major developmental gene or a limited chromosomal deletion. Until recently progress in understanding the genetics of MRKH syndrome has been slow, however, now HOX genes have been shown to play key roles in body patterning and organogenesis, and in particular during genital tract development. Expression and/or function defects of one or several HOX genes may account for this syndrome.
- Female Genital Tract
- Gonadal Dysgenesis
- Oesophageal Atresia
- Wolffian Duct
Müllerian and Wolffian ducts are the primordia for the internal reproductive systems of females and males respectively and co-exist in the undifferentiated embryo until genetic sex triggers differentiation of either ovaries or testes. Müllerian ducts differentiate into Fallopian tubes, uterus, cervix and upper part of the vagina while the Wolffian ducts degenerate. In the male testicular production of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) and androgens leads to the development of the Wolffian ducts into vas deferens and seminal vesicles.
Various forms of Müllerian abnormalities range from minor anatomical variations up to total aplasia, the latter being diagnosed as Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome in 90% of affected women. The frequency of congenital absence of vagina and uterus is not yet entirely clear, although reported incidences vary from 1 in 4,000 to 5,000 female births [1, 3]. In women presenting with primary amenorrhea, MRKH is fairly common, being second to gonadal dysgenesis as a cause of amenorrhea [4, 5]. Although the vast majority of cases of MRKH seem to be sporadic familial aggregates have been reported [1, 6, 8].
Women with Müllerian agenesis show normal 46, XX karyotypes [9–12], normal external genitalia and functional ovaries [13, 14], there are however cases of polycystic ovaries [15, 16] and ovarian tumors [17–20]. Examination reveals an absence or severe hypoplasia of the upper vagina as well as frequent uterine agenesis. Due to a different embryonic origin, the lower third of the vagina is always present, [21, 22]. There appears to be two subtypes of MRKH: the typical (also called type I or isolated) and the atypical form (type II): the frequency of type II being much greater . The typical form is characterized by laparoscopic or laparotomic findings of symmetric muscular buds (the Müllerian remnants) and normal Fallopian tubes; this is referred to as the so-called Rokitansky sequence, where only the caudal part of the Müllerian duct (upper vagina and uterus) is affected (OMIM 277000 ). The atypical form shows, in addition, asymmetric hypoplasia of one or two buds, with or without dysplasia of the Fallopian tubes: this is often associated with other anomalies, including mainly renal defects (unilateral agenesis or ectopia of one or both kidneys, horseshoe kidney, in about 40–60% of patients) , cervico-thoracic (asymmetric, fused or wedged vertebrae, scoliosis and Klippel-Feil anomaly in about 20% of patients) and, to a minor extend, hearing defects [27, 28] and digital anomalies of varying severities [1, 10, 29–33]. For these reasons, clinicians use the term MURCS (MÜllerian Renal Cervical Somite) association [12, 34] which is the most severe form of the disorder (OMIM 148860 and 601076 ). It may be attributed to an alteration of the blastema of the cervicothoracic somites and the pronephric ducts which, by the end of the fourth week of fetal life, have an ultimately spatial relationship . These overall features clearly differentiate the MRKH syndrome from other defects of genital tract development such as androgen peripheral insensitivity (patients 46, XY) [6, 35] or Turner's syndrome (patients 45, X) .
Treatment is usually delayed until the patient is ready to start sexual activity. It may be either surgical or non-surgical but the chosen method needs to be tailored to the individual needs and motivation of the patient and the options available . For instance the Vecchietti operation is a mixture of surgical and non-surgical methods of creating a neovagina and has been performed frequently in Europe over the last 20 years .
In addition, it is important to manage psychological symptoms in women with Müllerian
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A and JEDEC standards have now been replaced by JS-002 which uses JEDEC type coin calibration modules. The integrated circuit was a 41 mm X 41 mm BGA with a metal heat sink on the top of the package.
Also, following Atwood, a value of 20.5 ohms was used for the combined 1-ohm sense resistor and spark resistance. The spark resistance was included as the on resistance of the relay. The value of inductance of 8 nH is somewhat larger than used by Atwood in his simulations, but the larger value better matches the waveform parameters in the FICDM standard JS-002 . Table 1 also includes the calculated initial DUT voltage used in the simulations. The initial voltage was calculated from the series capacitance of CDUT an CDG with 500 V across the two capacitors.
3 Waveform Results
Two simulated current waveforms are shown in Figure 3, for 3.19 pF and 173 pF modules, with a Field Plate voltage of 500 V. As would be expected, the CDM pulse for the smaller capacitance is smaller than the pulse for the larger capacitance. The small capacitor pulse width is also considerably narrower and less damped than for the large capacitor. What is surprising is that the despite the capacitance ratio of 68 between the two, the peak height varies by less than a factor of 2. The seemingly small difference between the waveforms can be understood if we consider how the CDM pulse is simply a redistribution of charge between the three capacitors when the DUT is grounded. The magnitude of the waveforms depends on relative values of the capacitors to each other, the difference between the state of voltages and charges on the capacitors before the CDM pulse, and the state of the voltages and charges on the capacitors just after the CDM pulse. While state of the voltages in the CDM system before the pulse are well understood, the voltage state just after the pulse are seldom considered.
Figure 4 shows the simulated DUT and Field Plate voltages, as well as the voltage across the CDUT capacitor, VCDUT, for the current pulses shown in Figure 3. The voltage on the DUT behaves similarly for the two DUT capacitances. The voltage starts off high, close to the charging voltage on the Field Plate, and drops to zero within 5 ns. The magnitude of the behavior for the Field Plate voltage and the voltage across CDUT are substantially different in magnitude, however.
For the 3.19 pF DUT the Field Plate voltage drops about 100 V while the voltage across CDUT increases from about 60 V to 400 V. In contrast, for the 173 pF DUT the Field Plate voltage drops by about 470 V while the voltage across CDUT increases from 7 V to just 29 V. The explanation is simple. For the 3.19 pF DUT the capacitor CFG is substantially larger than CDUT and can provide ample charge to CDUT when the DUT is grounded, while maintaining a high voltage on the Field Plate. For the 173 pF DUT the combined capacitances of CDG and CFG is 10.5 pF and just a small fraction of CDUT. The charge stored on CDG and CFG are therefore only able to change the voltage across CDUT a small amount, while the capacitor CFG is almost totally discharged.
4 Parameter Dependence on CDUT
The amount of charge, and therefore the amount of current, in the CDM stress pulse depends on the relative sizes of the three capacitors. Figure 5 shows the simulated total charge in a CDM pulse as a function of CDUT. In the insert to Figure 5 a linear scale is used for the capacitance and it shows that for very low capacitance the charge increases approximately linearly with CDUT. As CDUT’s value approaches the value of CFG the amount of charge saturates. For larger values of CDUT a logarithmic scale is used for CDUT to show how the behavior for large CDUT
The joint JEDEC/ESDA standard for CDM, JS-002 specifies four waveform parameters that must be met to qualify a FICDM tester, peak current, rise time, full width at half maximum and undershoot. We will not look at simulations of each of these parameters and see how they behave as a function of DUT capacitance. The parameters will also be compared to the waveform specifications from JS-002. In all cases the simulations fall within the experimentally determined waveform parameters in JS-002. This gives confidence that the simulations are a good representation of reality and are therefore useful for understanding the CDM event in FICDM testing
Figure 6 through Figure 9 show simulations of peak current, rise time, full width at half maximum and undershoot as a function of CDUT. In each of the figures the insert shows the behavior for low capacitance with a linear CDUT scale, while the main figure uses a log scale for CDUT for all capacitances simulated. All of the parameters show very sensitive dependence on CDUT for small CDUT, but saturation for large values of CDUT.
In this article the three-capacitor model for the field induced CDM ESD test method has been used to help understand the properties of the CDM test system. The model shows that during the CDM event currents that flow are the result of a redistribution of charge between the three capacitors in the CDM system. For small DUT to field plate capacitance, when CDUT is well below the capacitance CFG between the Field Plate and the Ground Plane, the currents are more sensitive to the value of CDUT. When CDUT approaches and becomes larger than CFG waveform properties become less sensitive to CDUT. The general trends as CDUT gets larger is that peak current increases, rise times get longer, width at half maximum increases and the amount of undershoot decreases.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Medical Definition of body fat
1: fat contained in adipose tissue In talking about fats, it is important to distinguish between dietary lipids—what you consume in foods—as opposed to body fat or blood lipids—those that are stored in adipose tissue or that circulate in the blood.—W. Virgil Brown and Donald A. Smith, in Total Nutrition: The Only Guide You'll Ever Need, 1995 ◆In the human body, body fat is typically stored below the skin and surrounding the internal organs.
2: adipose tissue From infancy up to adolescence, the growth of body fat or adipose tissue is fairly steady in boys and girls.—Wm. Cameron Chumlea and Michael LaMonte, in Pediatric Nutrition, 4th edition 2012
Seen and Heard
What made you want to look up body fat? Please tell us where you read or heard it (including the quote, if possible).<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>公园，穆斯林学者世界联合会的会长，在叙利亚北部的几个伊斯兰派别实现优素福基地卡拉达维连胜团结在我的房间里操作后， “征服军” 这解放了伊德利卜和”战斗胜利” 这解放了基斯尔.
谢赫·卡拉达维他的个人账户在社交网站表示， “叽叽喳喳” : “我们祝贺提供叙利亚反对派，并要求其派别之间更多的合作 {上帝的绳子，不能自行分裂}， {神成为基督徒，并证明你的脚}”.
卡拉达维继续说，击败了伊朗政权的军队和民兵战士在他的类在最近的战斗各派的赞誉，他说：: “这种武器不会在主人公的手里只有工作，只有信仰的英雄不言”.
他呼吁AL-卡拉达维需要在叙利亚反对派武装，并称支撑臂: “它必须是战争物资和体力去面对敌人，与神为敌”指着同时需要对战斗人员和增加之间有强烈的宗教因素和信念: “个人未经宗教或信仰在风中的羽毛，不解决的话，不知道其目标，不辜负麦凯恩的决定”.
值得注意的是，谢赫优素福基地卡拉达维叙利亚政权和伊朗强烈抨击此前的若干论坛上，还要求 “圣战” 反对阿萨德政权b”手，舌，心脏”，呼吁穆斯林不要注意科学家 “苏丹” 谁证明 “统治者和他们的行动Icheranon的压迫”.
我们祝贺提供叙利亚反对派，并要求其派别之间更多的合作 { 上帝的绳子，不能自行分裂 }{ 神成为基督徒，并证明你的脚}
— 优素福AL-卡拉达维 (alqaradawy) 四月 29, 2015
(词)<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Excelde Alt Satıra Geçme isimli bu dosyada, bir Excel formülü ile birden fazla hücrede yer alan verileri tek bir hücrede alt alta yazdırma öğretilmektedir. Yukarıda kısa bir özetinin yazılı olduğu dosyaya ait tüm detayları incelemek ve dosyayı indirmek için, yan kısımda bulunan Daha fazla bilgi al butonuna tıklamanız yeterli olacaktır.
Bu dosyayı indirmek için, hesabınızı yükseltmeniz gerekir. Hemen hesap yükseltmek yapmak için buraya tıklayabilirsiniz.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Origin: Widespread in timbered area of eastern Australia from Cape York to Tasmania
Size: 320mm including a 135mm tail
This cheeky bird has a violet-blue head with lighter blue feather shafts on the collar and yellow-green on the nape. The rest of the upper parts of the body including the tail are green.
The breast and sides of the body are bright orange-yellow and barred with dark blue. And in the centre of the belly there is a large patch of deep violet-blue. The thighs, lower flanks and under tail coverts are green with yellow markings with a narrow yellow band on the underside of the flight feathers. Its eyes are orange-red, the beak is coral and the legs are grey-green.
The hen is very similar in colour to the male and the immature chicks have duller, shorter tails.
In the wild these boisterous little birds like to nest in the hollow limbs and holes found in trees. When kept as pets nest boxes or hollow limbs can be placed in the aviary. And to keep your birds truly happy it’s also a good idea to plant some non-poisonous naïve plants for the birds to “hide in” and to chew on.
It’s also a good idea to spread fresh sawdust on the floor of the aviary but in one corner only and change it as soon as it becomes soiled.
All food and water dishes must be kept clean and fresh nectar mix needs to be given each day. And because of their liquid diet, droppings are very watery so the best way to house these birds is in suspended aviaries and make cleaning much easier.
As a rule these birds do not eat seed – they are nectar eaters and so need a special nectar mix both wet and dry in constant supply. Fresh apples, grapes, bananas, insects and their larvae, and pollen from eucalyptus blossoms and native trees also need to be supplied to provide a balanced diet.
Features: The mouth parts of Lorikeets have been modified to allow them to easily collect a diet of plant nectar. The female usually lays two eggs that she incubates on her own for 23 days, but the male helps feed the chicks once they have hatched.
When flying together in a flock these birds give out a continuous screech and a shrill chatter when feeding and a soft twitter when they are feeling safe and relaxed.
Lorikeets appear to be fearless and in their search for food will scramble over all visitors who come to see them in the various parks where they are fed with a diluted honey mixture.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Fed'den ABD'nin En Büyük Bankalarına “Yeşil Işık”
Fed, finans kuruluşlarının sağlamlığını ölçmek amacıyla 2010'dan bu yana her yıl yaptığı Kapsamlı Sermaye Analizleri ve Değerlendirmesinin (CCAR) ikinci aşamasına ilişkin sonuçları açıkladı.
Buna göre, değerlendirmeye tabi tutulan 34 Amerikan bankasının hepsinin sermaye planları kabul edildi. JP Morgan Chase, Bank of America, Citigroup, Goldman Sachs, HSBC ve Morgan Stanley gibi finans devlerinin aralarında bulunduğu bu kuruluşlar, Fed'in sermaye planlarına itiraz etmemesi sayesinde ekstra sermayelerini hisse geri alımı ve temettü dağıtımı için kullanma imkanı kazandı.
Öte yandan, Fed'in sermaye planını kabul etmesine rağmen planlama sürecindeki zayıflıkları yıl sonuna kadar gidermesi istenen tek banka Virginia merkezli Capital One oldu. Ülkenin en büyük 9'uncu bankası niteliğindeki Capital One'ın sermaye planını güçlendirerek bu yıl sona ermeden yeniden sunması gerektiği bildirildi.
Amerikan bankalarının hisse senetleri, Fed'in "yeşil ışık" olarak değerlendirilen açıklamasının ardından değer kazandı. JP Morgan Chase ve Bank of America yüzde 4'ü aşan artışlarla hisselerdeki kazançlara öncülük etti.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Almost every thing that humans “know how to do” involves solving a certain problem(s). For example, tying your shoes solves the problem of keeping your shoes on your feet when you walk or run. It’s a simple and beautiful solution to common (and important!) problem. Somebody clever had to figure it out first.
You know how to do many things, from simple things like tying your shoes, to very difficult things like designing buildings or writing computer programs. The challenge: can you explain how to do something in English?
In your “How To” presentation, include the following sections:
- An Introduction to a General Situation
- An Explanation of a Specific Problem
- A Solution to the Problem
- How to do the Solution, in steps
- Concluding Evaluative Remarks
Here’s my Sample Presentation about cutting “dovetail joints.”
- No long sentences on slides.
- Keep graphics simple & easy to understand.
- Simplified steps okay.
- No reading sentences!
Presentation Rehearsal Day: 6/17 & 6/24
7/1 & 7/8 7/8 & 7/15
Print this rubric<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>به گزارش خبرنگار گروه استان های باشگاه خبرنگاران جوان از ساری ، محمدپور عمران رئیس سازمان صنعت، معدن و تجارت مازندران گفت: با توجه به عزم این سازمان برای مبارزه با این پدیده شوم بیش از ۸۸۰ مورد بازرسی خرداد امسال در سراسر استان انجام شد.
وی پرونده تشکیل شده برای واحدهای متخلف را بیش از ۵ هزار و ۸۰۰ میلیارد ریال اعلام کرد و افزود: پروندههای جهت سیر قانونی به اداره تعزیرات حکومتی ارسال شده است.
محمدپور عمران با بیان اینکه بازرسیهای صورت گرفته از واحدهای عمده و خرده فروشی و شرکت های پخش بود، افزود: کالاهای قاچاق کشف شده شامل سیگار، لوازم آرایشی و بهداشتی، مواد غذایی و خوار و بار، انواع آدامس، انواع نوشیدنی، برنج و لوازم خانگی بوده است.
رئیس سازمان صنعت، معدن و تجارت مازندران گفت: شهروندان استان میتوانند با مشاهده هر گونه تخلف اقتصادی اعم از گرانفروشی، عدم درج قیمت، تقلب عدم صدور فاکتور و یا مشاهده کالاهای قاچاق موارد را به سامانه تلفنی ۱۲۴ اعلام کنند.
انتهای پیام/ م
شناسایی ۷۲ متخلف در طرح تشدید مبارزه با قاچاق کالا<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>آی اسپورت- ادینسون کاوانی، مهاجم تیم ملی اروگوئه معتقد است که بازیکنان تیم ملی انگلیس مانند "ماشین" است.
مهاجم پاری سن ژرمن که شایعات زیادی مبنی بر حضورش در لیگ برتر به گوش می رسد، تاکید کرد که برای فوتبال و فرهنگ فوتبالی انگلیس، احترام زیادی قائل است.
کاوانی در مصاحبه با Perform گفت:" آنها ماشین هستند. فکر میکنم انگلیسیها، ایتالیایی ها و آلمان ها، روحیاتی شبیه به هم دارند و برای همین، آنها را ماشین میدانم.
زیرا آنها تاکتیکهای خوبی دارند، تحت فشار بسیار خوب کار میکنند و برای همین من انگلیس را به عنوان یکی از بهترین لیگهای دنیا میدانم.
برای من، بازی کردن مقابل آنها و بازیکنانی که دارند، فوقالعاده خواهد بود."
با این حال، کاوانی از اینکه تیم ملی کشورش، بازیکنی مثل سوارس را در ترکیب خود دارد، بسیار خوشحال است.
او گفت: "ما بازیکنانی را داریم که در سطح اول فوتبال انگلیس بازی میکنند و شخصیت انگلیسی دارند زیرا برای بازی کردن کنار آنها باید آنگونه شوی.
بازیکنانی داریم که آن سطح از فوتبال را به خوبی میشناسند و در بالاترین سطح، فوتبال بازی کردهاند.
امروزه، تیم ملی ما بازیکنانی دارد که در سطح اروپا و تیمهای بزرگ بازی کرده و تجربه خوبی دارند.
برای همین است که اروگوئه در سطح جهان شناخته شده است، زیرا با وجود جمعیت کمی که داریم، بازیکنان بسیار خوبی در سطح جهان داریم که مقابل ایتالیا یا انگلیس یا هرتیم دیگری، برای پیروزی پا در میدان میگذارند."<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Nasıl Telefon Operatörü Olunur? Telefon Operatörü Ne İş Yapar?
Telefon operatörü olmak için herhangi bir bölümden mezuniyet şartı aranmaz. En az lise mezunu olan ve temel düzeyde bilgisayar kullanıp iletişim yeteneği gelişmiş olan kişiler telefon operatörü olarak çalışabilir. Telefon operatörü, bulunduğu kurumun ürün ve hizmetlerini bilgi almak isteyen müşterileri aktarır, sorularını yanıtlar ve bilgi verir.
Telefon Operatörü Olmak için Koşullar Nelerdir?
Telefon operatörü olmak için gerekenler şunlardır:
- En az lise mezunu olmak
- Çalışılacak alanla ilgili bilgi sahibi olmak
- MS Office programlarını kullanmayı bilmek
- Temel bilgisayar kullanımına hâkim olmak
Telefon Operatörü Olmak için Gerekli Eğitimler Nelerdir?
Telefon operatörü olmak için liseden mezun olmak yeterlidir. Meslek, bu alanda deneyim elde edilerek öğrenilir.
Kimler Telefon Operatörü Olabilir?
Telefon operatörü olmak için kişinin sahip olması gereken özellikler şunlardır:
- Sabırlı olmak
- Etkili iletişim becerisine sahip olmak
- Çözüm odaklı olmak
- Sorunlara hızlı ve etkili çözüm üretebilmek
- Stres altında çalışmaya dayanıklı olmak
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游戏的可玩性。
总结：通过本文我们可以得知，王者杨戬作为一名顶级英雄，在游戏中具有较高的价值和人气。他需要花费5888个钻石来购买。虽然价格较高，但是通过参与活动、完成成就等途径也能够获得足够数量的钻石来实现购买目标。此外，在限时折扣期间也有机会以更低价格获得该角色。<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Gli ucraini hanno espresso le loro preferenze e ad ottenere la vittoria è stato il filo-occidentale Volodymyr Zelensky. A lui spetterà il difficile compito di far ripartire la politica del Paese. Stando agli exitpoll pubblicati, avrebbe ottenuto il 44% dei consensi battendo così la concorrenza. Subito dopo l’elezione, Zelensky ha messo in chiaro i propri obiettivi: “Ora le nostre priorità sono mettere fine alla guerra, far tornare i nostri prigionieri e sconfiggere la corruzione che persiste in Ucraina”. Il suo partito Servo del Popolo alla vigilia era dato tra il 42% e il 52%.
Voto in Ucraina, vince Zelensky
Ex comico 41enne, Zelensky ha vinto di misura rispetto agli avversari. Il partito del magnate Viktor Medvedchuck, amico del presidente russo Putin e sostenitore dell’autonomia per le aree controllate dai ribelli nell’Ucraina orientale, avrebbe ottenuto solo l’11%. Per il neo eletto, sostenitore dell’anti-establishment, non si tratta però del primo successo: ad aprile aveva battuto l’allora presidente Petro Poroschenko, che a questa tornata elettorale non ha raggiunto neanche il 10%. Dovrebbero poi essere quattro le formazioni politiche che, superando la soglia del 5%, entreranno in Parlamento.
La composizione del Parlamento
Nonostante il grande successo elettorale, il risultato potrebbe non bastare per conquistare la maggioranza, cosa che obbligherebbe Zelensky a scegliere un alleato. Dei 424 seggi, infatti, 225 sono stati assegnati con il proporzionale, con soglia di sbarramento fissata al 5%. Per gli altri 199 seggi, però, si ricorrerà al maggioritario e ai seggi uninominali, dove potrebbero essere eletti candidati indipendenti o facenti capo a partiti minori.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>معاون وزیر اقتصاد سوریه تأکید کرد، بازسازی این کشور حداقل نیازمند 250 میلیارد دلار هزینه است.
"حیان سلیمان" با اعلام این موضوع به روزنامه "السفیر" لبنان گفت، این فرایند هنوز آغاز نشده است و نمیتوان تا قبل از نابودی تروریسم دست به چنین کاری زد.
روزنامه السفیر تأکید کرد که با توجه به دشواری و پر هزینه بودن فرایند بازسازی سوریه، هنوز اقدام مشخصی در این زمینه صورت نگرفته است.
"فارس الشهابی" رئیس اتاق صنایع سوریه در همین راستا اظهار داشت: هنوز راهبردی در این زمنیه بررسی نشده است.
الشهابی با اشاره به بحران به وجود آمده برای صنایع این کشور و همچنین گردشگری، خاطرنشان کرد که باید در ابتدا به بازسازی ویرانهها پرداخت تا بتوان دوباره تولید را از سرگرفت، زیرا تولید و صادرات در اولویت قرار دارند.
السفیر با اشاره به اینکه فقط روسیه و ایران برای کمک به بازسازی سوریه اعلام آمادگی کرده اند، به نقل از کارشناسان خاطرنشان کرد، چین نیز سومین کشوری است که در این فرایند مشارکت خواهد کرد.
یک مسؤول سوری در همین راستا به السفیر گفت: سوریه (برای بازسازی) به کمک دوستان خود و کشورهایی که مواضع خصمانه اتخاذ نکردهاند، تکیه کرده است؛ البته بیش از هر چیز به خود سوری ها تکیه می کنیم.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Liderlik, bir takım veya bir organizasyon olarak "kazanmak" için nereye gideceğinizi haritalamakla ilgili olup organizasyonlara dinamik, heyecan verici ve ilham verici bir yapı sağlamaktadır. Öte yandan liderler yönü belirlerken, aynı zamanda insanlarını doğru varış noktasına düzgün ve verimli bir şekilde yönlendirmek için yönetim becerileri de kullanmaları gerekir. Mevcut performansı korumak ve sürekli iyileştirmek için tasarlanmış yönetim süreçleri yerine vizyoner düşünceyi ve değişim getirmektedir.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Ümraniyespor Kulübü Başkanı Tarkan Aksar, Atakan'ın kiralanması için Beşiktaş ile anlaştıklarını ve oyuncuyu sezon sonuna kadar kadrolarına dahil ettiklerini söyledi.
Beşiktaş'ın sezon başında Altınordu'dan transfer ettiği Atakan Üner, siyah-beyazlı formayla Süper Lig'deki 3 maçta 66 dakika süre aldı.
Bir Ziraat Türkiye Kupası mücadelesinde de 74 dakika sahada kaldı. Genç oyuncunun kupada bir de asist var.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Dopo un'emozionante giornata di escursioni a piedi o in bicicletta, fate un bel respiro. Lasciate che le molte esperienze passino in rassegna. Il tutto in un'atmosfera rilassata! Ritiratevi e godetevi l'acqua calda della nostra piscina - rilassatevi!
Qui il sole è un compagno costante, sia nell'acqua che nel giardino o sulla terrazza panoramica adiacente.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>王海龙，25岁，家住河南郑州，现在在郑州经三路一家咖啡店做歌手。他就是一位“渐冻人”。
“渐冻人症”在大多数听来可能比较“罕见”，甚至有人对此都没有什么了解。但也许在你不知道的情况下，他们，其实就在我们身边。
王海龙3岁开始肌肉萎缩，9岁就必须依靠轮椅才能活动了，15岁的时候还被医生断言只有3年地生存时间。
但王海龙没有因此而自暴自弃，而是勇敢地说“活一天就要唱一天”。因为生于戏剧世家的他从小受到良好的艺术熏陶，拥有极高的音乐天赋，现在能弹得一手好琴。
王海龙决心自食其力。如今，他在经三路一家咖啡店做歌手，还常常参与各种公益活动，帮助其他同样痛苦和困难的人。今年他已经25岁了，早过了医生所说的3年生存时间，但他仍然坚强、快乐地生活着。
目前，中国的“渐冻人”约20万名，每月进口药费用约7000元，患者呼吸功能丧失后，须使用呼吸机辅助呼吸，仅呼吸机费用每年就要10多万元，普通家庭很难承担。
“被确诊后，患者一般存活年限为3到5年，大多因呼吸道感染和营养不良而死亡，全程头脑清醒如常。”河南省人民医院神经内科主任医师李玮说，目前，有一种叫力鲁唑的药物可延长使用呼吸机的时间，“但也不能根治。”
名词解释：
“渐冻人症”是一组运动神经元疾病的俗称，是上运动神经元和下运动神经元损伤之后，导致包括球部（所谓球部，就是指的是延髓支配的这部分肌肉）、四肢、躯干、胸部腹部的肌肉逐渐无力和萎缩。著名科学家英国人霍金患的就是这种病。
得病的人像是被冰冻住，今天是腿，明天是手臂，最后蔓延到手指……患者大脑、脑干和脊髓中运动神经细胞受到侵袭，肌肉逐渐萎缩和无力，以致瘫痪。
肌萎缩侧索硬化的病因至今不明。20%的病例可能与遗传及基因缺陷有关。另外有部分环境因素，如遗传、重金属中毒等，都可能造成运动神经元损害。
河南省人民医院神经内科主任医师李玮说，该病发病率较低，平时门诊一个月也就接诊一到两位患者。
对“渐冻人”来说，最残酷的是，发生这一切时，感觉不到任何痛苦，意识完全清醒，眼睁睁地看着自己逐渐无法动弹、不能说话、无法呼吸。不过，“渐冻人”的智力水平并不受疾病的影响，霍金就是“渐冻人”的精神榜样。
1997年“渐冻人”协会国际联盟选定在每年的6月21日，举行各类认识运动神经元疾病的相关活动，希望每年这一天，对这种可怕疾病的治疗和社会关爱能引起世人的普遍重视。并于2000年丹麦举行的国际病友大会上正式确定6月21日为“世界渐冻人日”。
相关新闻
众名人冰水灌顶助渐冻人 完成挑战后仍捐款
8月17日晚，一加手机创始人刘作虎在其新浪微博上发了一条状态：“关注ALS，我发起并完成了‘冰桶挑战’”，随后附上视频链接，在视频中他不仅自称是在中国互联网发起“冰桶挑战”的第一人，还点名奇虎360的CEO周鸿祎与锤子科技CEO罗永浩等人参与。
当晚，周鸿祎在其微博回应称“决定响应刘作虎的挑战”，还打趣称“虽然我体质受凉易感冒，虽然北京已经比刘江峰所在的深圳有些冷，虽然我没有罗永浩厚厚御寒的肥膘，我接受冰桶挑战……”周鸿祎于18日上午完成挑战，并邀请马化腾、徐小平和黄章继续参与该活动。
紧接着，小米董事长雷军也于18日中午在微博上称其“接受了投资家Yuri的‘冰桶挑战’”，之后他又将挑战的任务传递给了刘德华、郭台铭以及李彦宏。
随着周鸿祎、雷军和刘德华的“应战”，“冰桶挑战”正式在科技圈和娱乐圈传播开来，王力宏、王思聪、李彦宏等一批名人相继参与。在名人的带动下，“冰桶挑战”迅速在网络传播，许多网友均参与挑战。
尽管活动要求参与者在“冰桶挑战”和“直接捐款”中二选其一，但一些名人在完成挑战的同时，依然选择了向ALS联合会捐款。
雷军完成挑战后，向美国ALS协会捐款100美元，同时向中国的“瓷娃娃罕见病关爱基金”ALS项目捐款1万元人民币。周鸿祎也称已向ALS组织捐款360美元，并希望“下次再搞捐款是否可为我国人民服务例如抗战老兵”。
有统计数据显示，从7月29日“冰桶挑战”展开至8月18日，该项活动为ALS协会增加了307598名新的捐赠者，连同之前的捐赠者，一共为协会带来1560万美元的捐款，远超去年同时间段的180万美元。
本品为非甾体抗炎药，仅在至少一种其他非甾体抗炎药治疗失败的情况下使用。可用于慢性关节炎（如骨关节炎等）的疼痛、手术和急性创伤后的疼痛、原发性痛经的症状治疗。健客价： ￥12
用于缓解轻至中度疼痛如：关节痛、肌肉痛、神经痛、头痛、偏头痛、牙痛、痛经，也用于普通感冒或流行性感冒引起的发热。健客价： ￥17<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>نصب با میخ به دیوار؛ تابلوی کمالالملک در کاخ گلستان پاره شد
ایسنا
آرش مودی، فعال گردشگری به دنبال بازدیدی که به تازگی از کاخ گلستان داشته، اطلاع داده است که یکی از تابلوهای نقاشی کمالالملک که «گربه و قفس قناری» نام دارد، دچار پارگی شده است.
او گفته مسؤولان حاضر در سالنی که این تابلو به نمایش گذاشته شده از وجود این پارگی ابراز بیاطلاعی کرده و حتی این احتمال را مطرح دادند که «شاید هنگام میخ زدن به دیوار توسط میخ پاره شده است»!
مدیر مجموعه میراث جهانی کاخ گلستان نیز به دنبال پیگیری ایسنا اطلاع داد که این موضوع در دست بررسی و اقدام است.
تابلوی «گربه و قفس قناری» اثر محمد غفاری، معروف به کمالالملک در سال ۱۳۰۸ هجری قمری در ابعاد ۶۱ در ۴۷ سانتیمتر، با رنگروغن روی بوم اجرا شده است و هماکنون در کاخ گلستان تهران نگهداری میشود.
چندی پیش نیز خبر مفقود شدن یکی دیگر از تابلوهای کمالالملک از کاخ گلستان منتشر شده بود. این تابلو نقاشی چهره مظفرالدین شاه بود که در سال ۲۰۰۰ میلادی، در حراجی کریستیز بریتانیا به قیمت ۴۴ هزار و ۶۵۰ پوندِ انگلیس فروخته شده بود. تابلو چهره مظفرالدینشاه هماکنون در مجموعه الصباح کویت نگهداری میشود. انتشار عکسی از وجود چنین تابلویی در کاخ گلستان خبر میداد که نخست با انکار مسؤولان این مجموعه تاریخی مواجه شد، اما پس از بررسی اسناد و اموال ثبت شده در کاخ گلستان، تایید شد که این تابلو در فاصله سالهای ۱۳۱۷ تا ۱۳۶۱ از کاخ گلستان خارج شده و بعدها قاچاقی به خارج از کشور منتقل شده و به فروش رفته است. نام این تابلو تا سال ۱۳۱۷ در فهرست اموال کاخ گلستان ثبت شده است و پس از آن، اثری از آن در فهرست اموال کاخ نیست.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>By 1540, some 47 years after Columbus discovered the New World; Hernando DeSoto had arrived in the mountain country, probably here in Polk County, where he found the Cherokee Tribe already in an advanced state of civilization. The Indians lived in substantially built log houses. Though accomplished hunters, they subsisted chiefly by their knowledge of agriculture. They raised corn, pumpkins, and beans.
The area was a fine place in which to live, as the first white settlers quickly learned. Several decades before the Revolution a sprinkling of families had set down their roots in the mountain coves in the midst of the Cherokee hunting lands. By 1768 traders were already traveling up the old Blackstock Road from Charleston to bargain for furs and hides. The proximity of the two civilizations resulted in many clashes and much bloodshed. The conflicts became so numerous that the Royal Governor, William Tryon, himself journeyed west from the colonial capital to parley with the Cherokees and negotiate a boundary line.
The new line agreed upon extended from a point near Greenville in South Carolina to the highest peak on White Oak Mountain. When the treaty had been signed, Governor Tryon was flattered to learn that the settlers had named the highest place on White Oak—Tryon Peak.
Determination of the boundary, however, failed to insure safety for the pioneers to the east or for Indians to the west. Many vicious raids continued despite the establishment of forts. One of the heroes of the time was the Indian, Skyuka.
As its population slowly increased, the area became a favorite stopping place for drovers transporting livestock from Kentucky and Tennessee to seaboard harbors. With political independence, towns gradually emerged.
Polk, named to honor the Revolutionary War hero, Colonel William Polk, did not achieve county status until 1855. Columbus, the county seat, was named for Dr. Columbus Mills of Mill Spring. One of his ancestors, Colonel Ambrose Mills, was a Loyalist who was hanged by Patriots after his capture at the Battle of Kings Mountain. An imposing courthouse, built of handmade brick in 1855 distinguishes the Town of Columbus. The ancient slave block still remains on the courthouse lawn.
Tryon is the largest city in the area and is most unusual in the versatility of its residents. Half the population has migrated from other parts of the country to enjoy the mild climate and beauty of the surrounding countryside. The transplanted residents are chiefly writers, artists, educators, professional people and industrial executives who are fascinated with the tranquility of the community life and who contribute so greatly to the social advantages of the city. The Hunting Country abounds in large estates and stables to make an equestrian paradise. There are hundreds of miles of marked riding trails. The fox hunts, horse shows, and steeplechase are well known throughout the country.
Saluda, on the county’s western border, has long enjoyed fame as a vacation area and place of retirement. Many of the Low Country people seek its pleasant summer climate as well as the sheer beauty of its mountain setting. Saluda is noted for its fine apple orchards, which constitute the main source of farm income.
Other communities such as Mill Spring, Sunny View and Green Creek have retained the charm of the Old South. The local roads are all good and provide easy access. An interstate highway, extending from Charleston to Asheville
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ardua oggi è quella di fare delle scelte. Quali valori, idee e priorità prendiamo in considerazione?
La libertà comincia dentro... Tu vedi immagini diverse: c'è abbastanza bruttezza, stupidità e ottusità, ma c'è anche abbastanza bellezza - tutto in un cuore, tutto in una mente. Chi vincerà?
Vorrei che alcune parole necessarie, come piccoli diamanti, rimanessero nella nostra tesoreria interiore, nei recessi del nostro cuore, e ci aiutassero nei momenti difficili.
Cos'è un incontro con Dio e come avviene? Dio è venuto, ma probabilmente non sono pronto per questo incontro... Non so quando sarò pronto e se lo sarò del tutto.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>XXI century science does not recognize such a thing as telepathy. However, enthusiasts have not given up trying to read minds from a distance. And despite official skepticism, these studies often find a patron in the military.
If the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, published in 1956, opened the letter 't', where we read: "telepathy — unscientific, idealistic fantasy." That was the official position of our state. But in reality, the ratio of the authorities to the problem of transmission of thought at a distance was quite different.
Unknown to the public in the secret laboratories were in full research on this phenomenon.
Their scope can be seen even by the anxiety that showed CIA experts regarding Soviet experiments in telepathy in the early 70's of the XX century. According to them, the study of "anti-scientific, idealistic fantasy" the Soviet Union was isolated from the state budget from 60 to 300 million rubles a year. DIA even held at the direction of President Gerald Ford's analysis of parapsychological research in the USSR.
The outcome of this "revision" of today are already known, since according to the law on freedom of information, they have been published. The report stated: "… the success of Russian parapsychological research are enormous.
Soon, they may allow them at a distance to know the contents of top-secret U.S. documents, track the movement of troops and ships of the United States, to cause instant death of any person in the distance, disable any equipment, including spacecraft … "frightened Americans, not to be outdone in this area, even launched an alternative research program, which was closed until the early 90's. Why are they so afraid of? It's been a few decades, but no scientific breakthroughs in the field of parapsychology has not happened! But let us return to the history of the question of telepathy.
The first studies of … 1875. The famous Russian chemist A.Butlerov, engaged in the study also thought-transference, proposed to explain this phenomenon electroinduction hypothesis.
…1886. British researchers E.Gerney, F.Mayers F.Podmor and puzzling phenomenon to describe the transmission of thought at a distance for the first time used the term "telepathy."
…1887. With expanded justification hypothesis Butlerov made professor of philosophy, psychology and physiology of Lviv University Yu.Ohorovich.
As you can see, parapsychological research did not begin yesterday, and took them to scientists from around the world. For example, few people know today that in the 1919-1927 academic V.Behterevym years at the Leningrad Institute for Brain Research conducted serious experiments in telepathy. Simultaneously, the same experiments were conducted B.Kazhinsky famous engineer.
Recall the science fiction novel A.Belyaeva "Lord of the World" (1929): in the hands of immoral people is an invention that allows you to read and write the thoughts of men, and send by special emitters faultless mental orders.
The plot of this piece is built entirely on the scientific ideas of Bernard Bernardovich Kazhinskogo. To emphasize this, Belyaev give a name to your main character — Kaczynski, changing only one letter in the name Kazhinskogo.
Results from Bekhterev and Kazhinskim, according to our data, confirmed the existence of phenomena of thought transference. Roman A.Belyaeva also not go unnoticed. And in 1932, the Leningrad Institute of the brain derived from a People's Commissariat of Defense mission to intensify investigations regarding telepathy. Scientific management was entrusted to Professor L.Vasileva.
The corresponding order was received and the Moscow Laboratory of Biophysics, headed by academician P.Lazorevym. Executor threads ordered by the military, and therefore received the "secrecy" was Professor S.Turlygin. Keep the memories of these people.
"We have to admit that there really is a physical agent, the interaction of two sets of organisms with each other", — stated the professor S.Turlygin.
"No screening, no distance is not worsened results" — recognized and Professor L.Vasilev.
It would seem that the existence of telepathy (and after a very serious research) has been scientifically confirmed in the Soviet Union before the war. So why, in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia of 1956 says that "telepathy — is anti-scientific, visionary fiction"? The reasons for this can be called a set. First, scholars and scientists, in their own words, the experimental confirmation of the existence of the phenomenon of telepathy, and failed to give at least some reasonable theoretical explanation of the nature of this phenomenon. Therefore the official science was easier to disown telepathy than recognize it and be trapped, then if it turns out that the successful results of the experiments were flawed.
Second, the existence of telepathy is conclusive of the materiality of thought, thus entering into an ideological conflict with one of the tenets of Marxist-Leninist philosophy of the primacy of matter and consciousness secondary.
Third, the military is still hoping that will be able to use telepathy to their advantage, so do everything to stop even talk about it. The facts show that they belonged to the existence of the phenomenon of thought transference away seriously. For example, in September 1958, by order of the Soviet Defense Minister Marshal R.Malinovskogo held several private meetings on the study of the phenomenon of telepathy. Attended Head voennomeditsinskogo management professor L.Vasilev Professor P.Gulyaev and other specialists.
…1960. At the Physiological Institute (Leningrad) organized a special laboratory for the study of telepathic phenomena.
…1965-1968 years. In Akademgorodok near Novosibirsk Institute of Automation and Electrometry USSR performed an extensive program of telepathic human studies and animal.
Closed on parapsychology research conducted in the Moscow Brain Institute, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, the Institute for Information Transmission Problems (IPPI) of the USSR and in other institutes and laboratories. Secret experiments were conducted with the active participation of the military from using expensive equipment, up to submarines as the site of the experiments. Funds are not spared. And it speaks for itself.
Dips and breaks The results, however, were mixed. Thus, in Moscow on the initiative of the Ministry of Defence on the streets of Nizhny Novgorod was created secret "box number 241." Scientific director of the project was named Academician Joseph Eydeyman, and his deputy — Professor Dmitry Mirza. Experimenters repelled from stories zooferm workers who claimed that if newborn rabbits beat shock even for a hundred kilometers from the rabbit, she feels it. Scientists began experimenting. Rabbits in a cage glued over sensors, and rabbits were brought to Tula to torture. Alas, according to the memoirs of one of the researchers — a doctor Kirill Leontovich, the result was zero.
…1969. By order of the Secretary of the CPSU P.Demicheva held a special meeting of the Commission to investigate the problems and causes of psychic phenomena enhance public interest in them. Gathered the cream of the national psychology — A.Luriya, A.Lyuboevich, V.Zinchenko. Before them was a task to dispel the myth of the existence of parapsychological movement in the USSR.
Results of the activities of the Commission are reflected in the ninth issue of the journal "Psychology Matters" for 1973. Despite the pressure of party ideologues, scientists have not been able to palter. With many reservations it still says: "The phenomenon is …".
Interest in telepathy, then cooled, then come up with a bang. In the early nineties, our state once again became active pay of various experts in the field of "energy-exchange" and "microlepton telepathy." But, alas, capricious phenomenon remained unconquered.
Americans too much hardship with telepathy successful experiments were followed by a complete failure. In 1971, astronaut, U.S. Navy Captain Edgar Mitchell held a session of telepathic communication with lunar ship "Apollo 14." Four people in various American cities recorded mental images "coming" of the cosmos. Overall, the results were negative.
In 1981, the Pentagon drew psychics who have the gift of "dalnovideniya" Search for a mental Douzera General James, who was kidnapped by terrorists in Verona from the Italian "Red Brigades". The attempt was unsuccessful.
Perhaps it is so badly so far and make most people ask, "Yes there is, telepathy?" The situation today is exacerbated by the fact that the wave of public interest in anomalous phenomena research engaged in numerous amateurs. This is even more discredited in the public eye telepathy.
And among the scientists themselves is no consensus in this area. According to Academician VP Kaznacheyev, in ancient times, all our ancestors had the ability to share thoughts without words. For primitive community mental "language" was a natural and unique. Therefore, the ancient people were able to communicate at any distance. Kaznacheeva work formed the basis of a global experiment to "distant transfer of mental images", conducted by members of the Novosibirsk Institute of General Pathology and Human Ecology, and has given interesting results.
This scientific event it involves several thousand volunteers participated scholars and psychics over twenty countries. Telepathic signals transmitted from different continents, in special chambers, isolating the magnetic field of the earth, of the anomalous zones of the planet, such as the "triangle of Perm" or the Cave of Black Devil in Khakassia.
Novosibirsk claimed that the result of this experiment was positive.
Information about an interesting experiment and received from the Institute of traditional treatments Health Ministry.
Stanislav Zenin, head of one of the laboratories of the institute, said that a person is able to "power of thought" to change the structure of water. And this seems to be confirmed by dispassionate devices.
Does this mean that today's science has been unequivocal evidence for the existence of telepathic effect? Alas. The results of these experiments (and Novosibirsk researchers and specialists from the Institute of the Ministry of Health) adopted by their own colleagues, as they say, a hostile reception.
New approaches Despite healthy skepticism in this area today prevails, research is still ongoing.
And from some of the results is simply impossible to dismiss, calling them pseudoscientific.
Thus, a large international group of neuroscientists have recently created an interesting technique of "functional magnetic resonance imaging." In their experiments, the scientists succeeded in using the tracking devices with high probability (75%) to determine whether the subject intended to add or subtract two numbers offered to him. Is not this the beginnings of mind reading technology? At least, many Western experts are seriously discussing the possibility of using it in areas such as the fight against crime and terrorism, saying that the method of "functional magnetic resonance imaging" will away, potential criminal on his "bad thoughts."
Other foreign researchers have come up with devices that allow a person "mentally" to enable or disable devices and even typing on a computer without touching the keyboard. Of course, it's not mind-reading in pure form, but, you see, is already quite close. So close that the neuroscientist John-Dylan Haynes, a professor of the German Institute for Brain and mind of Max Planck, spoke on the need of the legislative ban on the widespread "instrument of mind reading." The scientist believes that society must decide pre-ethical issues related to the "dash telepathy." After all the bad thoughts — this is not a bad thing.
How would we not been told that telepathy exists, research in this area does not stop today. And then, early to put on this topic bullet.
Category: Unexplained Phenomena<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>新中华抗战风云录 第十三卷 凇沪会战 第一百五十八章 凇沪会战（五）
本文全文阅读地址：http://book.tiexue.net/Book/12115/
第一百五十八章 凇沪会战（五）
作者：漫步云端
9月8日拂晓，王征东就带着自己的经过一夜的急行军的第73步兵团赶到了宝山阵地以西五公里处的树林中隐蔽了起来，同时到达的还有军属独立第九炮兵团和独立第九坦克团，以及沿着铁道线跟进的一号、五号、九号、十号四列装甲列车都已经到达了指定的位置，并做好了战斗的准备。
看到自己的部队已经就绪，王征东隐藏在距离宝山城不足三里远的树林中观察宝山城内的情况。由于日军昨天上午才刚刚占领了几乎化为瓦砾堆的城内，再加上日军认为这里已经变成了自己的大后方，而且这里还距离海岸线不是太远，随时可以得到海军炮火的支援，因此日军断定这里根本不会受到攻击，所以并没有构筑什么象样的工事，就连防守的部队，也只是象征性的留下了一个步兵中队和一个装备十二门75毫米的准备作为火力支援的山炮大队，而大部分的地方则被日军当成了后勤中转站，从军舰上卸下的军用物资以及武器装备被直接运送到这里，然后再用卡车和马车运送到各个参战部队。由于人员的流动性比较大，所以宝山的防守也是非常的宽松。
观察完这一切之后，王征东又悄悄的返回到部队的隐藏地之后，立刻将自己团里的四位营长、军属独立炮兵和坦克兵的两个团的团长以及一号、五号、九号、十号四列装甲列车的列车长召集在一起开了一个战前的碰头会。会上王征东详细的介绍了自己刚刚所侦察到的日军阵地的情况，再结合之前侦察连所侦察到日军兵力以及火力部署的情况，王征东立刻对参加战斗的各个部队下达了各自的作战任务。
“我想情况大家都已经很清楚了，那么现在我就向大家简要的解释一下我的作战计划，请大家看地图！”
“第一，我决定由我团一营组织两个连的兵力，在上午八点整准时对宝山阵地的日军发动猛烈的进攻，届时炮兵团将抽出105毫米榴弹炮连和75毫米山炮连各一个，作为炮火支援，而坦克团则要抽调一个连的兵力掩护我团一营的进攻，争取在最短的时间内，以最小的伤亡将宝山阵地的敌人解决掉。第二，炮兵团余下的三个105毫米榴弹炮连将部署在在331高地上，而75毫米山炮营则在295高地布防，为我团防守宝山阵地的部队提供炮火支援，以应对日军随时有可能组织的反扑。第三，反坦克炮兵营的四个炮兵连，将暂时分散的编入我团的四个步兵营中，组成独立的反坦克部队，以加强部队的反坦克能力。第四，独立坦克团余下的四个坦克连（每连三辆T—26轻型坦克）则作为快速反映部队，以应对可能有发生的突发状况；第五，三营和四营以及团属部队作为战略总预备队。第六，四列装甲列车则负责我团后方以及两翼的安全，二营的四个步兵连则分配给每一列装甲列车以加强防守。第七，我们这次的行动将得到海军和空军的全力支援，到时候各部必须与海军和空军联络好，以免发生意外。”
“好了，详细的作战方案就是这样了，大家还有什么问题没有？”王征东合上了手中的作战方案，然后大声的问道。
“没有了！”众军官异口同声的答道。
“好！既然没有问题了！那么就请各位团长及营长赶快回去下达任务吧！上午八点我们会准时开始行动的！现在距离上午八点还有两个半小时的时间，希望大家可以做好准备！”王征东看了看手腕上的手表然后说道。
9月8日上午八点，三发鲜红的信号弹腾空升起，震耳欲聋的炮声随之想起。仅接着，早已经潜伏在距离宝山阵地不足800米草丛中的一营一连二排的战士们立刻披着各自的伪装从各自的隐蔽处跳了起来，向宝山城内冲去，随后是一连的主力在三辆坦克的掩护下也轰隆隆开了上来。正在城门和城墙上站岗的鬼子兵还没有明白是怎么回事呢，就被呼啸而来的炮火炸上了天。
而部署在宝山阵地旁边的日军炮兵阵地则在我军的炮火声中，很快的清醒了过来，于是快速的奔向设立在远处的炮兵阵地，但是随之而来的喊杀声却让他们大惊失色。早已经潜伏多时的一营二连一排的战士们也一跃而起，向着仅有佩剑和手枪的日本炮兵冲去。很快，战斗就成了一边倒，我军的战士没有拖泥带水，快速干净利落的解决了战斗。整个炮兵阵
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perfect co-work of violin and keyboard. Especially The chaconne from the Partita No. 2 and Sonata No. 3 are known some of the hardest compositions ever made. Henryk Szeryng is the most popular recorder of “Sonatas and Partitas for Solo Violin, BWV 1001-1006” in 20th century.
“Cello Suites Nos. 1-6, BWV 1007-1012” was the Bach masterpiece for Cellists. Bach used multi-movement dance suites ahead of his time on this composition. Every part is sending human to different mood from darkest to lightest. Mstislav Rostropovich is the most popular cellist recorded Bach’s “Cello Suites Nos. 1-6, BWV 1007-1012” in his late life. Rostropovich’s work is accepting as one of the best Bach records ever in the classical music history.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>As the name suggests this bird is often seen alone, or in small groups.
I have usually seen my first in the second or third week of May, but sometimes miss them on the way north and have to wait until they return in July.
On their breeding ground in northern Ontario you may find the agitated parents proclaiming from the tops of dead spruces by roadside puddles. Unlike most sandpipers, they nest in trees.
I have often been alerted to their presence by their calls, which resemble the “wheet-wheet-wheet” whistles of the Spotted Sandpiper but given at a much higher pitch.
They are a little bigger than “Spotties”, darker in colour, with black-barred outer tail feathers and prominent “spectacles” (white eye rings, with white lines running forward from these).
The different manner of flight ands the white dots on the dark back also distinguish them from the Spotted Sandpiper, with which they often associate during migration.
Dr. J. Murray Speirs<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>产品名称： Upkarma夜间精华30ml
包装尺寸：30毫升
Upkarma 血清30ml是一种抗衰老的藏红花血清，可平滑皮肤瑕疵并滋养皮肤。藏红花可为皮肤增添光彩，并有助于减少色素沉着，褐斑和皮肤斑点。另外，血清减少了由紫外线辐射引起的损害。
它包含藏红花提取物，Zemea，黄花胶，甘草提取物，水色，乙基己基甘油，阿法比丁，烟酰胺，葡萄糖酸钠和B9 Vitapol。
主要特征：
- 令肌肤焕发青春的夜间精华。
- 减少黑斑
- 滋润和滋养皮肤
- 保持皮肤光滑柔软
- 减少粉刺，疤痕，粉刺和皮肤色素沉着的出现
- 适合所有肤质
- 此外，它还可以作为良好的抗痤疮面霜
- 100％纯素食，无麸质和无残酷
- 不含有机硅，矿物油和对羟基苯甲酸酯。
使用方向Upkarma Night Serum：
- 首先，洗脸并拍干。
- 取2-4滴血清，将其涂在脸部和颈部
- 然后，以打圈的方式按摩直至吸收。
预防措施：
- 仅限于外用。
- 储存在阴凉，干燥的地方。远离阳光直射。
- 请将本品放在儿童不能接触的地方。
为了以折扣价在线购买洗发水，请从 TabletShablet.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>There was no change in the status of respect for religious freedom by the Government during the period covered by this report, and government policy continued to contribute to the generally free practice of religion.
There were no reports of societal abuse or discrimination based on religious belief or practice.
The U.S. Government discusses religious freedom issues with the Government as part of its overall policy to promote human rights.
Section I. Religious Demography
The country has an area of approximately 6,700 square miles and a population of 1.1 million. Christianity is the dominant religion. Zionism, a blend of Christianity and indigenous ancestral worship, is the predominant religion in rural areas. A large Roman Catholic presence, including churches, schools, and other infrastructure, continues to flourish. The population is approximately 35 percent Protestant, 30 percent Zionist, 25 percent Catholic, and 1 percent Muslim. The remaining 9 percent of the population is divided among the Baha'i Faith, the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (Mormons), Judaism, and other religious groups. Followers of Islam and the Baha'i Faith generally are located in urban areas. There are few atheists.
Missionaries continue to play a role in rural development. Most immigrants from South Asia practice Islam.
Section II. Status of Religious Freedom
The Constitution provides for freedom of religion, and the Government generally respected this right in practice. The Government at all levels sought to protect this right in full and did not tolerate its abuse, either by governmental or private actors.
Article 23 of the new Constitution states that individuals have a right to "freedom of thought, conscience, or religion." The Constitution protects the right to practice by guaranteeing "[the] freedom [to] worship either alone or in community with others."
Apart from the Constitution, there is no law, statute, or regulation that protects the right of religious freedom or provides effective remedies for the violation of that right.
Christmas, Good Friday, Easter, Easter Monday, and Ascension Day are national holidays. The monarchy (and by extension the Government) supports many Christian activities. It has become common practice for the King, the Queen Mother, and other members of the royal family to attend various evangelical programs, including Good Friday and Easter weekend services. At such services the King is usually afforded the opportunity to preach. The royal family also occasionally attends Ascension worship services at the national stadium in the Ezulwini Valley, hosted by participating churches of the local evangelical movement.
There is no legislation in the country describing the organizational requirements of a religious group; however, new religious groups or churches are expected to register with the Government upon organizing. To be considered organized, a religious group must demonstrate possession of either substantial cash reserves or financial support from foreign religious groups with established ties to western or eastern religions. For indigenous religious groups, authorities consider demonstration of a proper building, a pastor or religious leader, and a congregation as sufficient to grant organized status. These organized religious groups are exempt from paying taxes, although they are not considered tax-deductible charities.
Portions of the capital city are zoned specifically for places of worship of all denominations. Government permission is required for the construction of new religious buildings in urban areas, and permission is required from chiefs in rural areas. Those religious groups that wish to construct new buildings may purchase a plot of land and apply for the required building permits. The Government has not restricted any religion with financial means from building a place of worship; however, non-Christian groups sometimes experience minor delays in obtaining permits from the Government to build residences for clergy due to a slow bureaucracy.
The Government allows religious instruction, primarily Christian, in public schools. Voluntary school clubs conducted daily prayer services in many public schools.
The Government neither restricts nor formally promotes interfaith dialogue, and it does not provide formal mechanisms for religions to reconcile differences.
Restrictions on Religious Freedom
Government policy and practice contributed to the generally free practice of religion. Followers of all religious faiths generally were free to worship without government interference or restriction. Teaching of Religious Knowledge as an elective subject in secondary and high schools is limited to Christian theology. The only organized religious youth clubs permitted to operate in schools are Christian, but the Government did not enforce this rule. During the reporting period, no complaints were registered by non-Christian groups regarding this practice.
The government-owned television and radio stations did not permit non-Christian religious groups to broadcast messages. Christian programming was available on both of the parastatal broadcast outlets--Swazi Broadcasting and Information Service and Swazi Television. The local satellite television service, DSTV (cable service is not available), carried at least one religious channel. Church groups owned several newsletters and magazines.
There were no reports of religious prisoners or detainees in the country.
Forced Religious Conversion
There were no reports of forced religious conversion, including of minor U.S. citizens who had been abducted or illegally removed from the United States, or of the refusal to allow such citizens to be returned to the United States.
Section III. Societal Abuses and Discrimination
There were no reports of societal abuse or discrimination based on religious belief or practice. Five different religious groups peacefully maintain adjoining properties in Mbabane. There was no public conflict among religious groups during the period covered by this report.
Christian churches were well organized and were divided into three groups: the Council of Churches, the League of Churches, and the Conference of Churches. Each group was open to members of all denominations. However, Zionists and all African traditional churches belonged to the League of Churches; most evangelical churches associated with the Conference of Churches; and Anglican, Catholic, United Christian, Mennonite, Episcopal, and Methodist Churches generally belonged to the Council of Churches. These groups primarily produced common statements on political matters, facilitated the sharing of radio production facilities, or became involved with common rural development and missionary strategies. Although the groups sometimes strongly disagreed with one another, they have found common ground on topics of concern.
Section IV. U.S. Government Policy
The U.S. Government discusses religious freedom issues with the Government as part of its overall policy to promote human rights. The U.S. Embassy maintains contact and good relations with the various religious organizations.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>این رسانه هستند که به عنوانی بازویی قدرتمند می توانند نقش موثری در توسعه داشته باشند و حتی موجبات کوچک تر شدن دولت را فراهم می آورند، به جرات می توان گفت، امروز بسیاری از این رسانه ها هستند که در حال اداره کردن بخش های بزرگی از حوزه های اقتصادی، فرهنگی و اجتماعی در سطح بین المللی هستند.
اما متاسفانه به نظر می رسد، در کشور ما رسانه ها بیشتر به جایگاهی برای انتقال و کانالی برای ارتباط بین گوینده و مخاطب تبدیل شده اند و توجه به ایجاد ارزش افزوده در بسیاری از آنها مغفول است.
رسانه های ما کمتر به تحلیل و یا تولید اطلاعات اقدام می کنند و بیشتر فضای خود را به پوشش خبرها و اتفاقات گوارا و ناگوار اختصاص می دهند، البته این بخشی از وظایف رسانه است، اما تمام نقش مورد انتظار از رسانه ها نیست.
در کشورهای مختلف این رسانه ها هستند که با استفاده از داده های مختلف، اطلاعات و نهایتا نتایج تحلیلی و راه حل های مناسب را ارایه می دهند که می تواند مورد استفاده بخش های مختلف کشور قرار گرفته و حتی در راستای توسعه کشور مفید فایده باشد.
باید الگوی صحیح وظایف و نقش رسانه در کشور ما در راستای توسعه اقتصادی مورد توجه جدی اهل رسانه خصوصا مطبوعات قرار گیرد و باید مطمئن باشیم چنانچه توجه جدی به این بخش مبذول گردد، می تواند فورا باعث تحول در حوزه های اقتصادی گردد.
امروز رسانه های ما به دنبال چاپ و توزیع مطالب غیر تکراری هستند، اما چرا اگر مطلبی درست و برای جامعه مفید است توسط همه این رسانه ها منتشر نمی شود؟ آیا مگر نه این است که تکرار و باز نشر این محتواها که امروز سیاست اصلی بسیاری از پیام رسان ها و برنامه ها در فضای مجازی است، می تواند به فراگیر شدن آن در سطح جامعه کمک کند؟
امروز متخصصین، کارشناسان و مشاوران دلسوز در کشور نیازمند همکاری با رسانه ها هستند، تا بتوانند محتوای تولید شده خود را به جامعه عرضه نمایند.
امروز کارآفرینان کشور نیازمند رسانه ها هستند تا بتوانند پیشنهادات خود را که برای منافع ملی مفید می دانند توسط آنان نشر و بازنشر دهند.
امروز دولت نیازمند همکاری رسانه ها برای شنیدن حرف های درست و منطقی از سوی دلسوزان نظام است.
امروز تشکل ها، اتحادیه ها، انجمن ها، کانون ها و اتاق های بازرگانی نیازمند رسانه ها هستند تا از داده های آنها اطلاعاتی ارزشمند و نهایتا راه حل هایی مفید برای توسعه همه جانبه کشور ارایه نمایند.
باید به این نتیجه رسیده باشیم که جز با استفاده از ظرفیت های فراوانی که در داخل کشور وجود دارد و می تواند ما را به سرانجام و مقصود برساند، راهکاری برای حل مسایل نداریم.
رسانه ها یکی از ظرفیت های مغفول است که باید در اولین فرصت و بدون فوت وقت مورد توجه قرار گرفته و "الگوی صحیح نقش رسانه ها در اقتصاد کشور" تدوین و اجرایی گردد.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Kanada da yaz aylarında evlere girip yiyecek çalan hayvan için bir hapishane açılmıştır?
Fok balıgı
Kutup ayısı
Penguen
Rakun
Cevap: KUTUP AYISI
Doğa bilimciler kutup ayılarını yüzlerce saat gözlemledi ve burunlarını gizlediklerine ya da solak olduklarına dair herhangi bir bulguya rastlamadılar.
Buna karşılık kutup ayıları diş macununu sever. Kutup ayılarının Kuzey Kutup bölgesindeki turist kamplarını yerle bir ettiklerine, çadırları devirdiklerine, alet edavatları ezip geçtiklerine ve bütün bunları bir diş macunu tüpünü emmek için yaptıklarına dair sürekli anlatımlar var.
Manitoba'daki Churchill kasabasında büyük bir "kutup ayısı hapishanesi" bulunmasının sebeplerinden biri bu olabilir. Kasabada gezinen bütün ayılar yakalanıp buraya tıkılır. Bazıları topluluğun içine salıverilmeden önce aylarca hapis yatar ve çıktıklarında acı dolu, ıslah edilmiş ve başıboşturlar.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>If school labs were inhabited by mad scientists, The Indian Public School’s robotics workroom is what they would look like. Spare parts lie around, work manuals pile high, the walls are covered with flow charts and labelled diagrams, and, in the middle of it all, a bunch of kids huddle over a robot they’ve created, calculating its efficiency to overcome preset hurdles.
The workroom has been a second home of sorts to two teams that made it to the National level of The First Lego League (FLL) and the First Tech Challenge (FTC) — competitions for school students in varying branches of robotics, conducted internationally by First, a not-for-profit U.S. organisation.
On February 9, the FTC team came second at the Nationals in Noida and will represent India at the Europe Championship Festival in Germany.
The students’ foundations in robotics were laid from Class IV where it was a compulsory subject at the school’s monthly workshop.
Later, in 2010, Professor Jawaharlal Mariappan from California State Polytechnic University conducted a three-day camp on robotics’ basics, and also informed them of the FLL competitions in India. “In 2012, a group of us decided to enter the competition and the school supported us,” says class IX student Mani Vannan. Simultaneously, a younger group enrolled for FTC, which was conducted in India for the first time this academic year. Then on, there was no looking back.
“During the last two months, we spent most evenings after school in this room working toward the competition. All weekends and official holidays were here too,” says Ashwin A. Kumar.
FLL requires students to prepare two projects. First, the design of a product that could answer this year’s competition theme, ‘Senior Solutions’ (gadgets to aid the elderly), and second, manufacture an automated robot that could manoeuvre a game course involving several obstacles (such as inclines) as well as perform tasks such as arranging tile quilts.
“We researched geriatric problems that could be addressed by robots and discovered that many seniors pass away from not having taken their vital pills on time,” says Nishanth. After much brainstorming, the team designed a palm-sized automated pill dispenser that would dispense tablets according to prescription into a retractable cup. “Additionally, the dispenser has a talking alarm and flashing lights that signal medication time,” says Rudra Narasiman.
The product is being manufactured by Crisp in Coimbatore and is receiving design feedback from patients at GKNM Hospital’s geriatric wing.
While one half of the FLL team worked on the product design, the other half worked on the automated robot. The FTC team too had to design a joystick-operated robot that could lift pegs off hooks and place them on three levels of a stand during a timed game called ‘Ring it up’.
“The process of designing the robot is a long-drawn out one, especially because once it’s been put together, dismantling it to make changes is very difficult,” says Athmika S., captain of the FTC team. Their robot features a scissor lift, whose parts were manufactured in Coimbatore, mounted on a base provided by the competition organisers, and put together from scratch by the students.
While the students were guided by their school robotics teachers Jayashree (FLL coach) and Saranya N. Rao (FTC coach), the ground work and implementation was their own. Each team member has designated roles such as building and design, programming, operating, quality check, marketing and publicity,” says Yashvanthraa Mohanraj.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from Palatalized consonants)
Palatalization may refer to:
- Palatalization (phonetics), the phonetic feature of palatal secondary articulation
- Palatalization (sound change), the sound change triggered by or resulting in a palatal consonant or front vowel
|This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Palatalization.
If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Paul Bettany, il divo reduce da Captain America: Civil War, in cui ha interpretato Visione, presto sbarcherà sul piccolo schermo.
L’attore e regista britannico è stato infatti ingaggiato per interpretare Unabomber, pseudonimo giornalistico di Ted Kaczynski, responsabile di numerosi attentati terroristici avvenuti nel corso di 18 anni, dal 1978 al 1995.
La serie TV si chiamerà Manifesto, dal titolo del celebre comunicato diffuso per volere di Kaczynski sul New York Times, in cui il criminale rendeva pubbliche le motivazioni dei suoi attentati.
Il titolo di Unabomber gli venne conferito prima dall’FBI e poi dai giornali, in quanto ricorreva a ordigni artigianali per ferire e spesso uccidere personaggi
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current through it. This is usually written:
V = IR
Here, R is the resistance in ohms. The equation is known as Ohm's Law. It is also at times to think of a a resistor as a device in which the current through the device is proportional to the voltage across it. This can be written:
I = VC = V(1/R)
From the equations:
we get two more convenient forms by eliminating V and I respectively:
Resistors are the cheapest electronic component. Of all components, they are readily available in the widest range of values, from 1 ohm up to ten megohms, (10million ohms), in a range of preferred values which are chosen to divide each decade into values in each successive value is near to being a fixed multiple of the previous one.
The most commonly used resistor is a carbon film resistor capable of dissipating a maximum of 0.25W, with a value accurate to 5%. (Horowitz and Hill have a discussion on the extent to which you can believe in this accuracy). We have available in the lab a range of resistors with standard values from 10 ohms to 1 megohm, together with a supply of 10 megohm resistors. The nominal value of a carbon film resistor (in ohms) is indicated by coloured bands on the body of the resistor. Digits are colour-coded as follows:
Black 0 Brown 1 Red 2 Orange 3 Yellow 4 Green 5 Blue 6 Violet 7 Grey 8 White 9You can make a model in your head to remember this if you see that the middle digits (2-7) are the colours of the rainbow and then try to hang the whole thing on the idea of a body heating up (when it's cold it's black, when it's very hot it's white). The explanation isn't systematic, but it serves quite well as a mnemonic. The colour code is sometimes used for other devices. It's also worth remembering if you are making decisions about wiring where there is an obvious number associated with some conductors. For example, the 4-bit parallel interface used in the model-train system periphals makes use of 6-wire cable intended to interface modular-telephone style plugs and sockets. The conductor colours are thus pre-determined, but the convention I have adopted is
Black ground Red Digit 0 Yellow Digit 1 Green Digit 2 Blue Digit 3 White + 5 V powerIt's easy to remember this convention if you think of the colour-coding convention. The value of the resistor is encoded as D1 D2 E where D1 and D2 are the first two digits of the value of the resistor, and E is the number of zeros which follow. For example a resistor of 4700 ohms is encoded as yellow, violet, red. In addition resistors have a band which indicates its precision. These days this is almost certainly a gold band indicating 5% precision.
From suppliers, a range of 0.125W resistors is also available - it is primarily of interest for those who are building circuits with a high density of components - to exploit such resistors we would need to be designing professionally made printed circuit boards.
It is also possible to purchase a full range of 0.5W resistors. Generally, if you find that a circuit design calls for such a resistor, it's worth taking a look to see if it can be redesigned to use a lower value, or possibly to use another kind of component entirely. You can also obtain a very limited range of 1W and 10W resistors. Generally, if your circuit requires a low power resistor you can reckon to find just the right value of resistor to meet your requirements, whereas if you need a high power resistor you may have to adjust your circuit to fit the available values.
The stability of a resistor is also an important consideration. Resistance varies with temperature (increasing with temperature in the case of metal and carbon resistors). Soldering a resistor in a circuit can cause a permanent change in its value.
High precision resistors are available at a price from specialist suppliers. However if you need a resistance whose value can be specified to better than 5%, the combination of a fixed resistor with a "trimmer" potentiometer (q.v.) is often the best option. The time that you will really need to use a precision resistor is when you need a resistor whose value changes very little with temperature or ageing. For example, if you are wanting a precision voltmeter, you will typically be able to buy a 200mv meter quite cheaply, which can be adjusted to register in the range you require by using precision resistors.
Let's now consider what happens when we form simple combinations of resistors.
Firstly, suppose R1 and R2 are two resistors connected in series, as shown in the diagram.
In this configuration the current I through each resistor is the same, while if V1 and V2 are the potential differences across R1 and R2 respectively, from Kirchoff's Voltage Law, the potential difference across the two resistors in series is given by
V = V1 + V2
From the application of Ohm's Law, we have V1 = IR1 and V2 = IR2 . Hence
Now let's consider the case in which the two resistors are connected in parallel. In this case, the voltage V across each resistor is the same, but by Kirchoff's current law, the current I into the network of 2 resistors is equal to the sum of the currents through each resistor.
From Ohms law, we have V = I1R1, V = I2R2 so that
R1R2 R = ------- R1 + R2One can sum up these results by saying that for resistors in series the total resistance is the sum of the individual resistances, while for resistors in parallel the total conductance is the sum of the conductances.
Assuming we draw no current from the output, the current through the divider is given by
Thus the potential divider acts as a circuit which scales down a signal by the above factor. By itself it is of limited use as a signal processor, since it only works as calculated if an insignificant current is taken from the output, which means in effect that it has can only drive a load with insignificant power.
What does "insignificant" mean here? It can best be related to the accuracy with which the circuit works. It's fairly clear, for example, that if we want 1% accuracy from the circuit we'd better draw from the output less than 1% of the current flowing through the two resistors.
When we come to consider power amplifying devices such as transistors, we'll see how we can buffer a circuit like this one so that its output-voltage is almost independent of load.
For example, suppose you want a resistance of 1K ohms with a 1 percent accuracy. An economical way to do this is to put a 1.2K ohm resistor in parallel with a 10K potentiometer. To set the circuit up, the potentiometer can be adjusted until the resistance of the two in parallel is equal to 1K.
Why not use just the potentiometer? Well, the above arrangement requires you to set the potentometer with an accuracy of 10%, which is a great deal easier than setting it to 1%. And it's hard to be sure that a cheap potentiometer will hold its setting to 1%, while you can be reasonably sure of 10%.
In general, the idea of combining a fixed but inaccurate component with a "trimming" device is of considerable utility in electronics, though of course it's important to have only those adjustments that are strictly necessary in a circuit.
Another variation on this theme is the use of potentiometers as position transducers. For this application it is possible to purchase high-accuracy potentiometers.
A perfect voltage source is a 2 terminal "black box" that maintains a fixed voltage drop across its terminals, regardless of how much current is drawn out of it. Real voltage sources have a limit on maximum current, and behave like a at best like perfect voltage source with a small resistor in series.
Any combination of voltage sources and resistors can be reduced to a single voltage source in series with a single resistor. This resulting simple circuit is called "Thevenin's equivalent circuit".
D-size flashlight cell - 1.5volts, 1/4 ohm resistance 10,000 joules (watt-seconds). At end of life, 1.0volt, resistance = several ohms.
So we can regard resistors as devices which have a fixed small signal resistance.
A diode lets current flow in one direction only. There is a small forward voltage drop, usually around half a volt for general purpose silicon diodes.
Usually a diode is realised as a cylindrical body with a lead emerging at each end. The direction in which current flows through such a diode is indicated by a band around the body which is nearest to the negative end of the diode when current is flowing through it. You can remember this as "the bar on the package is the bar in the diode-figure".
Small signal diodes can typically capable of passing 100mA in the forward direction. One Amp diodes are quite cheap, and about the size of a 1/4 watt resistor. Power diodes can handle thousands of amps, for example to rectify AC current for full-size trains.
In the non-conducting direction, diodes are limited by their peak reverse voltage abbreviated PRV. A PRV of 80V is common for run-of-the-mill diode, but hundreds of volts of PRV are possible. Exceed the PRV and you knacker your diode. Notice that the PRV is the PEAK reverse voltage, which is higher than the Root Mean Square voltage that is usually quoted for alternating current supplies.
A diode may allow current to flow in the reverse direction. This current is typically very small. Any diode that passes a reverse current you can measure with an ordinary instrument is knackered.
Diodes also have a (variable) capacitance when biased in the reverse direction.
These are clever diodes that let current go through backwards while maintaining a near-constant voltage across them. So, if you want to build an electronic voltage-source, a zener diode is likely to be the component which provides a reference voltage. You could think of a Zeer diode as being like a weir with water.
They also vary with temperature. The most temperature-stable zener diodes are those around 5-6 volts. Given the limitations of zener diodes, they are seldom used directly as voltage sources, but are incorporated in circuits where they are fed with a reasonably constant current. Amplification of what is in effect a signal from the zener is used to provide as much current as needed from the output of the electronic power source. It's also possible design a circuit which uses a 5-6 volt zener independent of the required output voltage. We'll see how to do this when we learn about the magic of transistors.
Electrically these are diodes with a rather high forward voltage drop (say 2V). If you pass current through them (in the forward direction), by magic, they emit light! The rule for the forward drop is is that the bluer the light the higher the forward voltage - blue LED's may take as much as 5V to drive them.
There are various versions - arrays of LED's are used to form displays, but usually with limited resolution. Another configuration that is seen is to have two LED's back-to-back in a single package - pass the current through in one direction and you get red light, in the other direction you get green light. You can get any colour between red and green by alternating the direction at a speed the eye can't follow (say 100hz).
You should then try to orient your components so that the most positive terminal is highest, with the least positive terminal being lowest.
This can be done for the "DC analysis" of the circuit, that is an estimation of the average voltage levels. Of course, when a circuit is doing something, typically levels will be changing as signals pass through it.
It would be a mistake to follow this "highest = most positive" rule slavishly, because it may result in circuit drawings which are unnecessarily large. But it's a good rule to follow in general, and certainly at first, until you are used to reading circuit drawings.
Only a limited range of metals can be soldered. You can't solder stainless steel or aluminium with standard soldering techniques, because these metals have a thin coating of oxide which gives them their bright appearance. You can solder copper, tinned copper, brass, iron, most steels.
It is vital when soldering to heat up both surfaces to be joined to the melting point of solder, and then feed fresh solder from the reel into the joint. Do not attempt merely to transfer solder to the joint using the iron. The solder we use appears to be a thin solid wire. Actually it has a core of flux which helps to clean the metal to be joined.
However, if you're soldering a component such as a transistor or resistor directly into the circuit, you should beware of overheating it. We do have available little heat-sinks that can be clamped on the leads of a component to protect it during soldering. Typically only a few seconds of heat need to be applied.
While most electronic components and all printed circuit boards have small amounts of metal to be joined, if you are trying to solder heavy conductors or other objects, you will need to feed much more heat in the joint to make it "take".
In a properly soldered joint, the solder wets the metal being joined. You can tell that the metal is wetted by the shape of the meniscus - if the solder looks like a little spherical blob on the metal, the joint is a bad "dry" joint. If the surface of the solder is concave as it joins the metal, then you have a good joint. Bad joints are a source of intermittent circuit failures which are hard to find.
Some magnifying lenses are available in the lab to allow you to examine soldered joints carefully.
Both solid and flexible wire can be soldered. Solid wire is probably easier to work with when making connections in a circuit board. It should not be used for any connection that is subject to flexing, so should not be used for connecting between circuit boards (unless these are rigidly mounted in some kind of card-cage). For solid wire subject to flexing will eventually fail by metal fatigue, giving rise to an intermittent connection that causes malfunctions that are hard to locate.
Flexible wire can be used for wiring up a circuit board. A thin gauge is most suitable. The most satisfactory way to make a joint is to tin the end of the wire (which may need to be twisted to make it suitably compact) with solder before attempting to make the joint. If there's a fat blob of solder left at the very end, just snip it off.
When you solder flexible wire, the end of the wire in effect becomes rigid. Where the remaining flexible part joins this rigid part the wire is likely to fail, so it must be supported in some way to ensure that most flexing takes place well away from the soldered joint. A short length of heat shrink tubing over the end of the wire is usually enough to prevent this happening. It also serves as insulation if needed.
Metal to be soldered should be clean. It can be worth it to burnish up a printed circuit board with a fine-grade abrasive paper before soldering. Old flexible (multi-strand) wire may not take solder easily, even if it was originally tinned. Typically you will have to get it hotter than you might expect for the solder to "take".
Care is needed when soldering, because the solder is hot enough to burn you.
The most useful instrument for checking your work is the Digital Volt Meter (DVM). Ours are bright yellow. Set the dial to the continuity/diode check position.
You should also do a basic check before you apply power to a circuit. Most semiconductor devices will die instantly if you connect the power the wrong way round. One former student in this course destroyed 80$ worth of components by making a wrong connection. Note also that the larger kind of capacitors (above 1 microfarad) are polarised - they also will die if you connect them wrongly. Watch out for excessive current consumption by the circuit. This is usually indicative of a component wrongly wired. Such components can get quite hot enough to burn you, so be careful...
It's difficult to remove devices that have many legs, for example most integrated circuits. For this reason, you should always put integrated circuits in sockets when making an experimental board. And you should regard all boards built in this course as experimental. Sockets also make it easier to debug a board, because you can check that you have provided the right "living conditions" for an integrated circuit before you put it in the board, and if necessary you can pull it out and check again, or perhaps replace it if you have knackered it.
Occasionally you may need to increase the temperature of the iron to melt enough solder to modify a board as required.
Don't forget that desoldering may heat components up enough to knacker them.
Using desoldering wick is generally less satisfactory than using a pump. It's difficult to get it hot enough to work, and it's liable to leave odd bits of wire around to cause shorts, or to solder itself to the circuit.
When making a board it's desirable to require each connector to be different from the others on the board, so that the board cannot be accidentally connected wrongly, possibly resulting in the total destruction of the components on the board, or even of the board itself. This is something like a hardware equivalent of type-declarations when writing software, with the difference that if you get a type error your program doesn't have its functions shrivel up and die.
Unfortunately when we are making prototypes it's difficult to find many different connectors that can be used on a board without drilling a distinctive pattern of holes. Our general purpose boards from Radio Shack are drilled with a pattern of holes on 0.1" centres: most connectors won't fit this pattern. So typically we use male and female headers to connect to boards. Probably the easiest system to work with is to put female headers on the board, and use male headers as plugs to fit into them. You can wire up these male headers as described in the Handyboard manual. Sometimes, particularly with double-row male headers which you'll need for the SSI interface, it's worth putting a blob of epoxy to hold all the pins in position once the basic wiring is done, since the pins of a male header are likely to slip through the plastic.
We can try to make these connectors distinctive by using ones that have spare pins and sockets. If one of these spare pins is snipped off and put in the corresponding socket, you've created a connector that will only go in the right way round. With a bit of care we can create conventions which make it difficult to plug a system up wrongly.
In some assignments the connections with the circuit board will be specified precisely. You must follow this specification, since this should ensure that boards built by different groups are interchangeable. Specifying "pin-out" is as much a part of specifying hardware as specifying a ".h" file is in specifying C, or specifying an interface is in Java.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Muslera'ya özel izin
Galatasaray, Süper Lig İlhan Cavcav Sezonu 9. haftasında Fenerbahçe
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, un’architettura brutalista crollata chissà quando.
L’idea di slegare anche visivamente un’opera così storica da qualunque contesto temporale si rivela vincente: il gioco di specchi tra passato e futuro creato da Martone, Palli e dai costumi di Ursula Patzak riesce a restituirci il dramma di una Russia sempre in conflitto con se stessa come qualcosa che continua a dipanarsi nel tempo.
E la musica, grazie alla poderosa direzione di Valerij Gergiev, riesce a farci seguire questo filo tra passato remoto e futuro anteriore e a farci riflettere sulla monumentalità di questo lavoro che Musorgskij lasciò incompiuto. È come se la storia russa si fosse intrecciata alle vicende e alle fortune di questa partitura.
Modest Musorgskij morì il 28 marzo del 1881 e fece in tempo a vedere l’attentato che il 13 marzo uccise lo zar Alessandro II, sancendo l’inizio della fine della dinastia dei Romanov, che si ritroverà sempre più chiusa in un assolutismo sordo e antistorico.
La Chovanščina maturò proprio negli anni tra il 1871 e il 1880, in un impero agitato da populismo e repressioni sanguinarie. L’orchestrazione dell’opera passò all’amico Rimskij-Korsakov, che ci lavorò tra il 1881 e il 1883. In seguito, per una produzione teatrale del 1913 di Djagilev, ci misero le mani anche Igor Stravinskij e Maurice Ravel. Alla fine il compositore che diede alla Chovanščina la forma compiuta che abbiamo ascoltato alla Scala è stato Dmitrij Šostakovič che, nel 1958, in piena riabilitazione post-staliniana, ne completò l’orchestrazione nel modo più fedele all’idea originaria di Musorgskij.
La direzione di Gergiev riesce nel compito arduo di rendere la scoperta di quest’opera complessa, stratificata e sofferta, un’esperienza di ascolto esaltante, e la regia di Martone, con la scena sempre più spoglia mano a mano che la vecchia Russia va disfacendosi, ci fa riflettere su come questa storia sia tutt’altro che finita: sta continuando sotto i nostri occhi.
Internazionale pubblica ogni settimana una pagina di lettere. Ci piacerebbe sapere cosa ne pensi di questo articolo. Scrivici a: [email protected]<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>(Emma Suarez) sta per partire con il suo compagno Lorenzo per il Portogallo per lasciarsi alle spalle la Spagna e il suo passato. Il giorno della partenza, pero', incontra Beatriz, la migliore amica di sua figlia AntÃa, della quale non ha notizie da quando ha compiuto 18 anni. Il passato, improvvisamente, le ripiomba addosso, costringendola a riaprire un capitolo doloroso della sua vita… Attraverso i ricordi, che, man mano prendono forma, rivive l'incontro casuale su un treno con il pescatore Xoan, (Daniel Grao) da cui scaturisce una folle passione. I due vanno a vivere insieme e dalla loro relazione nasce la piccola Antia. Poi Xoan perde tragicamente la vita in mare durante una tempesta, lasciando sole madre e figlia…Il soggetto trae spunto dai tre racconti Fatalità , Fra poco e Silenzio di Alice Munro inclusi nella raccolta In fuga (2004). Almodóvar indaga il conflittuale rapporto tra una madre e una figlia, fra i sensi di colpa di una e i cambiamenti dell'altra, nascosti in anni di sofferenze nei quali non è mai riuscita ad essere la madre di cui AntÃa avrebbe avuto bisogno. Il film è stato candidato alla Palma d’Oro al Festival di Cannes 2016. L’attrice Emma Suarez ha vinto il Premio Goya 2017 come migliore attrice protagonista.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Un gruppo di ricercatori dell’Università di Hong Kong ha recentemente pubblicato un articolo nel Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, affermando che la rivoluzione degli imballaggi plastici potrebbe provenire dalla Cina.
Gli esperti si sono concentrati sulla cellulosa batterica, un composto organico con caratteristiche molto interessanti. Tra queste caratteristiche spicca la sua edibilità, che garantirebbe uno smaltimento rapido e non dannoso per la fauna marina, che è una vittima chiave dell’inquinamento causato da materiali tossici.
La cellulosa batterica è un materiale ottenuto attraverso il processo di fermentazione batterica della cellulosa. Questo processo produce una sostanza che può essere modellata e utilizzata come imballaggio. La sua caratteristica principale è che è completamente commestibile e può essere digerita senza causare danni all’ambiente o agli animali marini che ne possono ingerire dei frammenti.
L’utilizzo di imballaggi edibili può avere un impatto significativo nella riduzione dell’inquinamento plastico. Attualmente, i materiali plastici tradizionali impiegano centinaia di anni per degradarsi e rappresentano una minaccia per la fauna marina e l’ecosistema in generale.
Questa ricerca e sviluppo in Cina sta aprendo nuove possibilità per l’industria degli imballaggi. Tuttavia, è importante sottolineare che la transizione verso imballaggi edibili richiede ulteriori studi e test per garantire la sicurezza alimentare e la praticità dell’utilizzo di tali materiali. Ma l’idea di imballaggi che possono essere consumati e quindi eliminati senza lasciare tracce tossiche rappresenta un passo avanti verso una gestione più sostenibile dei rifiuti e la protezione dell’ambiente marino.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>حجت الاسلام علیرضا سلیمی عضو هیئت رئیسه شورای اسلامی در گفت وگو با خبرنگار سیاسی خبرگزاری فارس، اظهار داشت: نشست مشترک مجلس و قوه قضائیه به مناسبت هفته مجلس در ساعت 13:00 ساعت 13:00 در ساعت 13:00 برگزار می شود. ساعت هشت صبح روز سه شنبه (17 آذر) در صحن مجلس».
وی افزود: این جلسه به صورت غیرعلنی رسمی و جلسه مجلس حدود ساعت 9:30 صبح به صورت علنی برگزار می شود.
عضو هیأت رئیسه مجلس گفت: نشست مشترک مجلس و دولت روز یکشنبه (۲۲ آذر) به همین ترتیب برگزار می شود و پس از جلسه مشترک، جلسه علنی مجلس برگزار می شود.
انتهای پیام/
می توانید این مقاله را ویرایش کنید
این مقاله را برای صفحه اول پیشنهاد دهید<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>在本教程中，我们将向您展示怎样在 Linux Mint 21 上安装 WoeUSB。对于那些不知道的人，WoeUSB 是一个简单的 Linux 程序，可让您从 Windows ISO 文件创建可启动的 Windows USB 驱动器。 要使用 WoeUSB，您需要一个 Windows ISO 文件和一个至少有 4GB 存储空间的 USB 驱动器。 如果您需要从可启动的 U 盘安装 Windows，WoeUSB 是完成这项工作的理想工具。
本文假设您至少具备 Linux 的基本知识，知道怎样使用 shell，最重要的是，您将网站托管在自己的 VPS 上。 安装非常简单，假设您在 root 帐户下运行，如果不是，您可能需要添加 ‘
sudo‘ 到命令以获取 root 权限。 我将向您展示在 Linux Mint 21 (Vanessa) 上逐步安装 WoeUSB。
先决条件
- 运行以下操作系统之一的服务器： Linux Mint 21 (凡妮莎).
- 建议您使用全新的操作系统安装来防止任何潜在问题。
- 对服务器的 SSH 访问（或者如果您在桌面上，则只需打开终端）。
- 一个
non-root sudo user或访问
root user. 我们建议充当
non-root sudo user，但是，如果您在充当 root 时不小心，可能会损害您的系统。
在 Linux Mint 21 Vanessa 上安装 WoeUSB
第 1 步。在运行下面的教程之前，重要的是通过运行以下命令确保您的系统是最新的
apt 终端中的命令：
sudo apt update sudo apt install software-properties-common apt-transport-https wget ca-certificates gnupg2
步骤 2. 在 Linux Mint 21 上安装 WoeUSB。
默认情况下，WoeUSB 在 Linux Mint 21 基础存储库中不可用。 现在运行以下命令将启动板存储库添加到您的 Linux Mint 系统：
echo 'deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/woeusb.gpg] https://ppa.launchpadcontent.net/tomtomtom/woeusb/ubuntu jammy main' | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list.d/woeusb.list
接下来，使用以下命令导入 GPG 密钥：
sudo gpg --no-default-keyring --keyring /usr/share/keyrings/woeusb.gpg --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys CEC312CC5ED8215A6E0EFC49B90E9186F0E836FB
之后，更新您的系统，您可以借助如下所示的命令在其上安装 WoeUSB：
sudo apt update sudo apt install woeusb woeusb-frontend-wxgtk
步骤 3. 在 Linux Mint 21 上访问 WoeUSB。
安装完成后，我们将在 Mint 菜单的 Programming 部分中找到 GNU Emacs，或者您可以借助以下命令通过终端启动它：
woeusb
恭喜！ 您已成功安装 WoeUSB。 感谢您使用本教程在 Linux Mint 系统上安装最新版本的 WoeUSB。 如需更多帮助或有用信息，我们建议您查看 WoeUSB 官方网站.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Akciğerler solunum sisteminin en önemli organlarıdır.
Havadaki oksijen gazının kana, kandaki karbondioksitin de havaya geçişi burada olur. Akciğerler, biri göğsün sağında, birisi solunda olmak üzere, iki tanedir. Sağ akciğer soldakinden daha büyüktür. (Erkeklerde sağ 700, sol 600 gram; kadınlarda, sağ 550, sol 450 gram). Normal bir soluk almada akciğerlere 500 santimetre küp, zorlu bir soluk olmadaysa üstelik 1.500 santimetre küp daha hava dolar.
Kuvvetli bir soluk vermeden sonra da akciğerlerde 2.500 santimetre küp kadar hava kalır ki buna depo hava denir.
Sağ akciğer üç parçadan meydana gelmiştir. Bu parçalardan her birine lop denir. Akciğer lopları birçok lopçukların bir araya gelmesiyle oluşmuştur. Her bir lopçuk, küçük, başlı başına bir akciğerciktir. Lopçukların akciğerin yüzeyinde olanları, çok köşeli tabanları ile bir peteğe benzerler. Solunum borusundan, göğsün ortasında, sağ ve sol akciğere bronş dalları uzanır. Bronş dalları, birçok defa ayrıldıktan sonra bronşçuk denilen dalcık halinde, 1 santimetre küp hacmindeki bir lopçuk içine girer.
Lopçuklar çapı 0.3 milimetre kadar olan keseciklere ayrılmıştır. Keseciklerin içindeki kıvrımlara petek denir. Gaz alışverişi bu peteklerde olur.
Alınan hava burundan başlayarak, temizlenerek, ısınarak, hafifçe nemlenerek keseciklere kadar gelir. Ancak, havanın tozlardan tamamıyla temizlenememesi akciğerlerin zamanla rengini değiştirmesine yol açar. Çocuklarda pembe olan akciğer yaş ilerledikçe mavimtırak kül rengine döner.
Soluk Alma, Soluk Verme
Soluk Alma: Göğüs kafesinin genişletilmesiyle havanın akciğerlere dolmasıdır. Bu iş çeşitli kasların yardımı ile olur. Karın boşluğu ile göğüs boşluğunu birbirinden ayıran diyafram (kas perde) gerilerek, aşağı doğru iner, böylece göğsün dikey çapı büyür. İnen diyaframla itilen karın organları karnı öne doğru, alttaki kaburgaları da yana doğru açarak göğsün enine çapını da genişletir.
Ayrıca, kaburgalar arası kaslarla daha başka yardımcı kasların çalışması ile göğüs kafesi arkadan öne doğru da genişler. Akciğerlerle göğüs kafesi arasında hava bulunmadığı için göğüs genişleyince ciğerleri emerek kendine çeker, böylece hava akciğerlere dolar.
Soluk verme: İlk hareketin tersidir. Göğüs boşluğunu genişleten kuvvetler ortadan kalkınca kemikler, kaslar, akciğerler kendi esneklikleriyle eski durumlarına döner. Böylece, hava akciğerlerden dışarı atılır.
Erişkin insanda soluk sayısı dakikada 14-18 kadardır. Çocuklarda daha çoktur. Doğuşta 40’ın üzerinde olan soluk sayısı, 1-3 yaş arasında 30’a, 10 yaşında 25’e, 14 yaşında 20’ye iner.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Purpose Our important objective is to identify the core domains of health-related quality of life (QoL). three consecutive occasions, what they perceive as the most important domains of health-related QoL. An analysis of existing (health-related) QoL and well-being measurements formed the basis Apigenin of the Delphi-procedure. Results In total, 42 domains of QoL were judged, covering physical, mental and social aspects. All participants rated self-acceptance, self-esteem and good social contacts as essential. Strikingly, mental and social domains are perceived as more essential than physical domains across stakeholders groups. Conclusions In traditionally used health-related QoL utility measures, physical domains like mobility are prominently present. The Delphi-procedure shows that health-related QoL (utility) scales need to put sufficient emphasis on mental and social domains to capture aspects of QoL that are essential to people. Keywords: Quality of life, Delphi technique, Quality of health care, CostCbenefit analysis Introduction Evaluating the benefits of health treatments can assist the allocation of scarce health-care resources by maximizing health benefits. Effectiveness of health-care interventions is currently preferably measured in terms of quality-adjusted life years [1, 2]. Quality-adjusted life years combine the quality and quantity of life into a one-dimensional outcome. Commonly used scales to assess health-related quality of life (QoL) are generic utility measures, like the EQ-5D . These QoL measures provide utilities for different levels of a predefined set of domains (e.g., mobility). They focus on domains of QoL that can be expected to be affected by health-care interventions and are therefore often labeled as health-related QoL measures. An increasingly common critique is that such utility measures are too narrowly focused and do not capture all domains relevant to QoL [4, 5]. For example, these measures mainly focus on determining the physical effects of cure-related treatments and do not detect important effects of health-care interventions in the care-sector on mental and social domains of QoL [6, 7]. A worrying consequence is that the effects of health-care interventions are not as comprehensively captured as possible, which results in suboptimal measures of the effectiveness of health-care interventions. Therefore, measures need to go beyond these scales. Unfortunately, there is no consensus in the scientific literature on the core domains of QoL [5, 8C10]. To identify these core domains, we conducted a three-stage Delphi-procedure among different groups Apigenin of experts. The current article outlines the outcomes of this Delphi-procedure. Delphi consensus procedure Delphi consensus procedures have proven to be a valuable tool in gaining insight into health-related issues [11C13]. The selection of experts is critical to the success of the Delphi technique in providing in-depth understanding of scientific questions. Although a Delphi-procedure does not require representative sampling, it does require the cautious selection of panel members who are information- and experience-rich [14C16]. In many studies, multiple groups of experts are included DNM1 to capture a broad spectrum of insights and information [13, Apigenin 17]. Accordingly, we included five groups of experts: patients, family of patients, clinicians, scientists and the general public. We did not include two other groups that could be seen as informative, namely: board members of health-care insurers and policy makers, because workers in these professions are Apigenin not expected to base their judgments on their own opinion but on existing information (e.g., scientific outcomes, statements of medical professionals). We will focus on the differences and similarities between all five groups. Methods Before conducting a three-stage Delphi-procedure, we Apigenin performed an extensive analysis of existing (health-related) QoL measurements to identify potential health-related QoL domains. This search provides solid input for the Delphi-procedure . Our search was intended to be an open process that is able to identify all potential domains of health-related QoL (e.g., irrespective of level of abstractness). We did use a broad and general conceptual framework to structure the extensive number of domains we found during our search; we used the definition of health of the World Health Organization (WHO) as guidance. That is, in accordance with the WHO definition, we perceive health-related QoL as a state of complete positive physical, mental, and social.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Learn something new every day
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Articolo originale di Marketwatch.com<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Virtually all modern AC systems operate by using a compressor to pressurize and circulate refrigerant and oil through the system to produce cold air. AC systems operate using two different sides, the high side and the low side. The refrigerant starts out as a gas in the low pressure side of the system, and is converted into a liquid in the high side. The constant circulation of refrigerant through the high and low pressure sides of the system is what keeps the vehicle cool.
Because AC systems are pressurized, they must be completely sealed to function properly. Over time, these pressurized systems can eventually develop leaks. Once any sort of leak has begun, they will eventually cause enough refrigerant to leak out to the point where the AC will no longer be able to produce cold air. Once the refrigerant and pressure level of an AC system drop too low, it must be recharged with pressurized refrigerant before it will function properly. Usually an AC system will begin to display a few symptoms when it needs to be recharged.
1. Loss in cooling capability
The most obvious symptom that a vehicle needs to be recharged is that there will be a noticeable loss in the overall cooling capability of the AC system. The AC system operates by circulating pressurized refrigerant, so if the amount drops too low it will eventually begin to affect the operation of the system. You may notice that the air is not blowing as cold as it was before or is not blowing cold air at all.
2. AC clutch fails to engage
With the AC control is set to maximum coldness, you should be able to hear the familiar clicking sound of your AC clutch engaging. The clutch engages with a signal from the AC pressure switch, which reads the pressure level of the system. When the level drops too low, the pressure switch will not activate, and therefore the clutch will not engage. Without the AC clutch engaged, the system will not be able to circulate even the low amount of refrigerant it may have and the system will not work at all.
3. Visible signs of refrigerant leaks
A more serious sign that the car needs an AC recharge is that there will be visible signs of refrigerant leakage. If you spot any signs of a greasy film on any of the AC components or fittings, or any pools of refrigerant underneath the vehicle, then this is a sign that a leak has developed and refrigerant is being lost. The refrigerant will continue to leak until the system no longer functions.
Because the need for a recharge indicates a loss of refrigerant, there is likely a leak somewhere in the system that may need to be addressed before having this service. For this reason, if you suspect your system may need a recharge, first have the AC system inspected to ensure that the AC recharge addresses the problem properly.
This article originally appeared on YourMechanic.com as Signs Your AC Needs to Be Recharged and was authored by Eduardo Ruelas.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>شرکت رنوس در سال 1353 با هدف تولید خودروهای خدمات شهری و سفارشی آغاز به فعالیت نموده که تجهیز خودروهای آتش نشانی، آمبولانس، زباله کش،آب رسانی و لجن کش از همان ابتدا در دستور کار قرار گرفت. ساخت اولین نمونه ماشین های خنثی کننده اثرات بمب های شیمیایی برای جبهه های جنگ تحمیلی در دهه 60 و ساخت ماشین های آتش نشانی فوماتیک فرودگاهی و پالایشگاهی با رعایت استاندارد NFPA در دهه..<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>capoluogo del nomós di Éuros (Grecia), 52.720 ab. (2001). Si trova nella Tracia occidentale. Attivo porto sul golfo di Enez (Mar Egeo), è mercato di prodotti agricoli e zootecnici; attiva è anche la pesca. È situata lungo la linea ferroviaria che collega Salonicco a İstanbul. § Fondata dai Turchi con il nome di Dede Ağaç, a lungo contesa tra Grecia e Bulgaria, fu annessa alla Grecia dopo la prima guerra mondiale e così chiamata in onore del re Alessandro I.
Redazione De Agostini<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>布达拉宫，现在传说是为迎取文成公主而建，这纯属于为汉民族汉族政权脸上贴金的说法，因为修建布宫在前，迎娶文成公主在后。这坐雄伟的建筑确实值得称道，在半环形的山弯上依山势向上而建，整体来讲，白房子居东，以行政办公为主，红房子居西，以佛事宗教活动为主。人民币第二大面值五十元大钞的背面就是布达拉宫，可见其在建筑艺术上的价值。藏民族是个伟大而又苦难多多的民族，说其伟大是因为大唐时期的三十三世吐蕃王松赞干布统一了西藏各部，管辖面积应该和大唐不相上下。先后迎娶了泥泊尔的赤康公主和大唐的文成公主，说明在当时东南亚的国际地位上，和大唐并列或略高于大唐，因为大唐皇帝并未象后来的清朝皇帝要挟维族晋献香妃那样，进献一个王子或妃子来帝都。汉民族有大方之处，比如“金钱乃身外之物”，“兄弟如手足妻子如衣服”；但是也有小心眼的地方，房间地土可以让，老婆子不能让。文成公主下嫁茹毛饮血语言不通环境恶劣不毛之地的吐蕃，在当时是汉民族的屈辱，特别是上流社会的屈辱。军队败绩连连，只得送去个美人去，或用作缓兵之计，或示诚以求睦邻友好。要知道，向唐王朝求亲，松赞干布当时当时已经七十五岁高龄了，文成公主才十三岁，情窦虽开，但涉世未深，可以推测哭了多少场，恳求不被答应，不得已才西去。文成公主一行风餐露宿，走了三年，才到达今天的拉萨，其艰难程度，不亚于《西游记》中的唐僧取经，松赞干布七十八岁，文成公主十六岁，他们生活在一起。松赞干布八十一岁辞世，当时文成公主十九岁，共同生活了三年，没有子嗣，生存下来是多么艰难。
大型实景剧《文成公主》演出是相当成功的，气势恢宏流光溢彩。吐蕃求婚，唐王送行。同样是喜事，男方和女方的感觉是不一样的，吐蕃使者见到雍容华贵国色天香的文成公主如见仙女一般；唐王则无可无不可挥一挥衣袖而去，公主则哭泣连连，洒泪告别父母告别长安告别故乡。登上高山望故乡，故乡在远方；掏出宝镜望一望，父母在身旁。心痛的爹妈，临行时送给公主的宝镜，想家时候拿出来看一看，就能够看见父母看见家乡。
王朝的使命，父兄的江山，时刻记挂在心中。摔碎宝镜，毅然前行，异域的风光尽收眼里，小女子越走越勇敢。山高风急，冰厚雪猛，人困马乏，昏昏沉沉，不能行路。一同上路的释迦摩尼十二岁等身佛像，先是端坐在四轮车中，继之是无动力上坡前行，引导大家一路向西。公主真是一路仰仗佛祖保佑，平安抵达拉萨。
迎亲的场面是宏大的热烈的，松赞干布心诚，文成公主貌美，也算是英雄美人一段佳话。家乡即远方，远方即家乡，真正应了此心安处即家乡这句话。文成公主团队最大的贡献应该是向吐蕃传播了东方先进的农耕文明，制作农具，开垦土地，收获粮食和蔬菜，并且由生产而歌舞，进而影响到文化。据说西藏现在大面积种植的青稞，就是文成公主带去的小麦种子演化而来的。青稞面做的糌粑，富含维生素，是藏民的传统美食。另一项重要的饮料，酥油茶也是藏牦牛奶和汉族的茶叶勾兑而成。还有，释迦摩尼12岁等身佛像的传入，极大地促进了藏产佛教的发展。客观的说，西藏老百姓的生活，从物质到精神，都深深打上了汉民族的烙印，而这民族融合民族团结的浓墨重彩开山之笔，是文成公主画上去的。
吐蕃政权传致四十二三世，比汉、唐、明、清各个王朝都长，应该和夏商周三代相类似。伴随吐蕃民族绵绵而生的是崇尚自然崇尚存在崇尚人体的笨教文化，引入的(松赞干布的老师)，主张宽容主张敬祖宗父母相信轮回在意修行的佛教文化，同时不得不提的是藏医药在藏民族繁衍生息上的重要作用。对应唐后期，宋元两朝，吐蕃处于遍地草头王四分五裂的割据状态。
明朝时中央政府，吐蕃改名为藏，对西藏地区进行有效的管辖。 清政府在西藏地区建立政教合一的政权，前藏建立以喇嘛为核心的政权，后藏建立以班禅为核心的政权，互为老师也互相监督互相掣肘。真正给西藏带来历史巨变的是解放军入藏，西藏一步从奴隶社会进入社会主义社会，藏民家里供奉毛主席像，家家悬挂中华人民共和国国旗。
随着318国道的开通，青藏铁路的竣工通车，西藏不再是高山阻隔，孤悬于外的飞地。现在4G通信基本全面覆盖。藏民子弟到内地免费上中学上大学，内地的汉民也大量来做生意；民族之间互相通婚成为普遍现象，真正的民族团结民族融合的时代到来了。<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Derneğimiz, LGBTİ gençlere ve öğrencilere yönelik Avrupa’da faaliyet gösteren sivil toplum kuruluşlarının oluşturduğu ve merkezi Belçika’da bulunan IGLYO’ya (Uluslararası LGBT+ Gençlik Örgütü) üye olarak katılmıştır.
Bu internet sitesi Sivil Düşün AB Programı kapsamında Avrupa Birliği desteği ile hazırlanmış olup içeriğinin sorumluluğu tamamıyla Fikir ve Sanat Atölyesi Derneğine aittir ve AB’nin görüşlerini yansıtmamaktadır.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Contents
- 1 Deniz kabuğu nerede bulunur?
- 2 Deniz Kabuğu canlı mı?
- 3 Deniz Kabuğu neyi simgeler?
- 4 Deniz kabuğu nasıl oluşur?
- 5 Deniz kabuğu içindeki canlı nasıl çıkar?
- 6 Deniz kabuğu boyama nasıl yapılır?
- 7 Midye kabuğu nedir?
- 8 Şeytan minaresi ne demek?
- 9 Istiridye ne anlama gelir?
- 10 Inci neyin simgesi?
- 11 Salyangozlar nasıl kabuk değiştirir?
- 12 Salyangoz kabuğu büyür mü?
- 13 Salyangoz Kabugunda caco3 var mi?
Deniz kabuğu nerede bulunur?
Okyanuslarda ya da denizde meydana gelen akıntılar kabukları deniz kıyılarına kadar taşır. Deniz kabukları sahil kesimlerin biyolojik ve jeolojik olan süreçlerinin çok büyük bir parçasıdır. Deniz tabanında bulunan organik birikinti, kalker ve kireçtaşının büyük bir bölümünü deniz kabukları oluşturmaktadır.
Deniz Kabuğu canlı mı?
Deniz kabuğu terminolojisinde hâlâ hayvan dokusunun bağlı olduğu deniz kabukları canlı sayılır.
Deniz Kabuğu neyi simgeler?
Uğurlu sembollerden biri olarak deniz kabuğu (sankha), Buda’nın sesini ve öğretisinin yayılmasını sembolize eder. Deniz kabuklarını kabul törenlerine ve daha da genel olarak, çeşitli dinsel ayinlere bağlayan aynı mistik bağlar; Endonezya, Melanezya ve Okyanusya’da da bulunmaktadır.
Deniz kabuğu nasıl oluşur?
Kabuğun içini örten doku, protein ve mineral salgılayarak kabuğu oluşturur. Önce kalsiyum içermeyen bir tabaka olan konçiyolin protein ve sağlamlığı sağlayan doğal olarak üretilen bir polimer olan çitin karışımı oluşur. Daha sonra yoğun olarak kalsiyum içeren prizmatik tabaka ve nihai olarak inci benzeri tabaka gelir.
Deniz kabuğu içindeki canlı nasıl çıkar?
Büyük bir kabın içerisine kaynar su doldurun ve içerisine denizden topladığınız kabukları koyarak 1 saat boyunca bekletmelisiniz; Su soğuduğu zaman ocağa konularak kısık ateş üzerinde 30 dakika boyunca kaynatılmalıdır; Ucu sivri olan herhangi bir şeyle birlikte kabukların içindeki organik madde yumuşadığı için çıkarın.
Deniz kabuğu boyama nasıl yapılır?
Deniz kabuğu uygun boya ve fırça kullanılarak boyanabilir. Eğer deniz kabuğuna desen çizilecekse, dar alanları boyamak için ince uçlu kalemler kullanılabilir. Deniz kabuğunun önce bir tarafı boyanır ve bu boya kuruduktan sonra diğer tarafı çevrilerek boyama yapılır.
Midye kabuğu nedir?
Midye kabuğu, herkesin bildiği deniz canlılarından olan midyenin dışındaki kabuktur. Kabuklu midye ile midye dolma yapılabilir ya da kabukları ayıklanarak midye içi değerlendirilebilir. Midye kabuğu da farklı amaçlarla kullanılmaktadır.
Şeytan minaresi ne demek?
ŞEYTAN MİNÂRESİ birl. i. Bâzı deniz böceklerinin koni biçimindeki kabuğu.
Istiridye ne anlama gelir?
İstiridye, yumuşakçalar (Mollusca) şubesinin yassı solungaçlılar sınıfından,
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脱”，就是把黄金和白银打成薄片，然后在上面雕花刻物，造出图案，再用漆粘贴在铜镜背面。这种镜子一拿出来，金光闪闪，煞是好看。据史书记载，唐中宗还令人为他选了一丈见方的巨镜，铸上金花银叶，可谓富丽堂皇之至。
镜子是用来照人的，而一旦强化了镜子的价值功能，镜子便会发生异化，它在很大程度上便成了显示和炫耀财富与身份的代表。正如同今天许多东西的原本功能也在不断弱化，而附加在它身上的价值功能日益强化那样。一本小小的挂历，也都时髦“24K纯金泊打造”；一只手表，若镶以名贵钻石，便会身价万倍；一支万宝龙大包头金笔，要价5000元以上，有人兜里插上它，并不是用它写字，只是要显示一下贵人的身份。于是，异化的功能，便成了一种有价值的包装。
135、走不回来的人
曾读过一个贪心人的故事。说是有个地主去拜访一位部落首领，想要块地。首领说，你从这儿向西走，做一个标记，只要你能在太阳落山之前走回来，从这儿到那个标记之间的地都是你的了。
太阳落山了，地主没有走回来，因为走得太远，他累死在路上。
136、看不懂的故事
教授每天都要给临睡前的孙子讲个故事，但《幼儿画报》上的一篇叫做《三个猎人》的故事，却让教授讲不下去了。故事说：
从前有三个猎人，两个没带枪，一个不会打枪，他们碰到三只兔子，两只兔子中弹逃走了，一只兔子没中弹，倒下了。他们提起一只逃走的兔子来到一幢没门没窗没屋顶也没有墙壁的屋子前，叫出屋主人问：“我们要煮一只逃走的兔子，能否借个锅？”“我有三个锅，两个打碎了，另一个掉了底。”屋主人说。三个猎人听了十分高兴：
太好了，我们就借掉了底的。”他们用掉了底的锅，煮熟了逃走的兔子，美美地吃了个饱。教授琢磨了好几天，也没有琢磨出这个故事是啥意思，于是给《家教周刊》写了封信，指出这篇故事让人瞠目结舌的逻辑性错误：
中了弹的兔子怎么能逃走，没中弹的兔子又如何会倒下？猎人如何将逃走的兔子提起煮着吃？没底的锅怎么能煮熟逃走的兔子……教授的信刊出后，多家报刊作了转载，教授也收到了大量的读者来信。来信当然都是支持教授的观点，教授深受鼓舞，对幼儿读物成人看不懂的现象，又一连发表了多篇批评文章。
一年以后，教授家里来了位客人。客人与教授一见如故，相谈甚洽。谈到某重点大学毕业生因为害怕失去一份高收入的工作，考上研究生之后却放弃读研究生的机会，到县城储蓄所去做了储蓄员；劣迹斑斑、臭名昭著的贪污犯却做了反贪局局长等现象……谈着谈着，两人唏嘘不已。不知不觉大半天过去，这时客人突然问教授：“你还记得《三个猎人》的故事吗？你现在能读懂《三个猎人》了吗？”教授愣了愣，默然无语。良久，教授的眼睛突然一亮，“哎哟”一声，他拍了拍脑袋说：“最简单的真理往往最难发现，《三个猎人》就是为了让孩子们从小就懂得，有很多可能的事会成为不可能，不可能的事却会成为可能……”
137、分寸
清末曾国藩回湖南组建湘军，先后攻克太平军几个重要城市，最后攻陷金陵，曾国藩因此受封一等侯爵。可是也就在这时，曾国藩发现他的湘军总数已经达到30万众，是一支谁也调不动，只听命于曾国藩的私人武装。曾国藩感觉到了顾命大臣功高震主的问题，他开始自削兵权，从而解除了清廷的顾虑，使自己依然得到信任和重用。历史上，有不可尽数的立下绝世功勋的人都没能逃脱“狡兔死，走狗烹”。
138、拆字
“拆字”分复杂的和简单的两种，复杂的有一套一套的理论，不去说它，简单的只凭直观，是一种游戏。上小学时，语文老师讲解“臭”字：“自大一点就是臭”，以此教育学生要谦虚谨慎，戒骄戒躁；上大学时，教文艺理论课的老师剖析“伪”字：“人为便是伪”，以此区分自然和雕琢的高下，实际上玩的就是“拆字”的游戏。明人陈继儒的《太平清话》中有一则“拆字”的札记：“李之颜云：尝玩‘钱’字旁，上着一‘戈’字，下着一‘戈’字，真杀人之物，而人不悟也。然则两戈争贝，岂非‘贱’乎？”类似的玩意儿在古人的随笔小品中几乎随处可见。
139、三份试卷
在一次考试中，老师将三组题目发给学生。一组为２０题，一组为３０题，一组为４０题。全班同学都作了选择。
题目收上来了。老师将选择２０题的学生都判为Ｃ等，尽管有的同学做的全对；老师把选择３０题的同学都判为Ｂ等，尽管有的同学做对了一半；而老师把选择４０题的同学都判了最高的Ａ等，尽管有的同学对的很少。
老师解释说，这次考试不是考同学们的能力，而是考同学们的勇气。
140、手表原理
有一个人，早先戴着一块手表，他时常看手表，时间观念很强，他也很自信。后来，他添置了一部手机，而经常出现手机的显示时间和手表不太一致，他不知道该信哪个更准，这使他平添了不少的苦恼。
京ICP备15053428号-2 北京市公安局海淀分局备案编号：1101081950号 防网络诈骗专栏
作文网版权所有 Copyright © 2005-2013 www.zuowen.com . All Rights Reserved<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>JerAx谈EG在Major上的表现：我们曾有美好的期待
Evil Geniuses五号位选手JerAx在被淘汰后的采访中分享了他目前的感受。由于Mind战队退赛，EG成为了本次Major唯一一支小组赛阶段被淘汰的队伍。
关于输给beastcoast后被淘汰的情绪
嗯，此刻我有很多想法和情绪。我们曾经跟beastcoast打过很多训练赛，但我会说正式比赛的感觉完全不同，我还是很喜欢今天的游戏。
这几天对我们来说太难了。但即便如此，今天仍然是美好的一天。
关于Major前获得入场资格的感受
我当时非常兴奋。我很期待这次Major，因为我已经多年没打官方赛事。北美似乎有很多自己的想法，但事实上，我们登上国际舞台与其他赛区对阵，虽然带来了一些新的东西但并没能奏效。我很高兴来到这里，很高兴能再次打比赛。
关于EG对这次Major的准备工作
我们将本次比赛作为我们前往TI的跳板。但在DPC联赛之前，我们就遇到了大问题。这与比赛无关，与我们国际性的阵容有关(五个队员来自五个地区，都不是美国籍)，这是我们真正的考验。
有些队员不得不为了训练调整作息。最后开赛前，我们一起在训练营呆了7周，为了这个Major，我们尽了最大的努力，但很遗憾是这种非常令人失望的结果。
我们曾有美好的期待，但没办法，输了就是输了。
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推荐视频+更多<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Napoli in ansia per Hysaj: problema al ginocchio con l'Albania
L'esterno albanese si è fatto male durante l'amichevole persa contro la Norvegia
ROMA - Il Napoli è in ansia per Hysaj. L'esterno azzurro è infatti uscito per un problema al ginocchio durante l'amichevole persa per 1-0 dall'Albania contro la Norvegia. Il calciatore del Napoli, schierato dal primo minuto, è rimasto in campo fino al 65' quando è stato sostituito da Lika. Al termine della partita i media albanesi hanno riferito che il terzino ha subito un infortunio al ginocchio la cui entità è ancora tutta da valutare.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Son tornata da poco alla Baia, e non la conosco
con le case dei turisti, chiuse in questo
inizio d'autunno.
Io lì ci passavo ogni giorno, d'estate,
e scendevo gli scalini ineguali
che ogni anno la pioggia mutava,
a volte mi tenevo alle piante
per non scivolare sui piccoli sassi
in infido equilibrio.
Ora han fatto a terrazze
la collina per metterci sdraio
e ombrelloni, prima c'erano i rovi
e alle volte trovavi le spine sulla maglia
e spesso anche graffi sulle mani
senza accorgerti, quasi.
Ho parlato ai bambini di quando c'era
la rotonda col bar che vendeva
coca cola e ghiaccioli e qualche novità
e sotto le cabine, quelle comuni
e quelle per i ricchi, con le porte azzurre
e la doccia a gettone.
C'era anche uno scoglio
un po' lontano dalla riva, lo chiamavano
il Vecchio Pontile, e andavamo a tuffarci
noi che avevamo paura di quello alto<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Animals return as wastewater treatment system recovers
After years of polluted runoff into an aging — and some would say outdated — waste water treatment system, the City of Beaumont has successfully navigated a 4.5-year extension with the TCEQ and is well on its way to complying with water quality standards at one of the city’s last stages of water treatment — Cattail Marsh.
Since it was built in 1990 at a cost of more than $10 million, Cattail Marsh has been in and out of trouble with the TCEQ. Since that time, the manmade marsh has done its best to aerate Beaumont’s water and helped scrub storm runoff and city waste water of harmful substances such as ammonia and other pollutants using natural plant life.
According to the TCEQ, the problems with Beaumont’s Cattail Marsh began shortly after it was built in the ’90s. There have been numerous infractions regarding unauthorized discharges into adjacent state waters from the time it was built until at least 2012, according to a TCEQ compliance history report obtained by The Examiner. And because Cattail Marsh feeds a natural marsh and then Hildebrandt Bayou, the EPA has labeled the waterway as “impaired” due to high levels of dissolved oxygen and bacteria from wastewater runoff, according to its website.
From Hildebrandt Bayou the treated water flows into the Neches River downstream from where the city of Beaumont draws its drinking water.
To help fix the problem of pollutants entering these waterways, in 2007 the city spent about $12 million to completely rehabilitate the polluted marsh and has since approved a new bar screen filtering system at its council meeting June 4. This brings the total spent on the marsh to about $26.5 million since 1990.
The problem, according to TCEQ spokeswoman Andrea Morrow, is that Beaumont’s Cattail Marsh isn’t easily altered to affect needed changes in water quality.
“Wetlands rely on natural biota, plants and natural algae and bacteria, to treat the wastewater,” she said in an e-mail. “These processes cannot be quickly influenced by operational changes, and can be affected by the time of year and temperatures, and the health of the plants in the system.”
Alternative to Man-Made Wetlands
Morrow said most large cities use much more manageable “activated sludge treatment plants” that give cities “more operational control over the process since it is a mechanical system, which allows for operational changes to be made quickly by the operators to ensure that the wastewater is properly treated.”
The only problem? This system is costly — as much as $80 million for a new activated sludge plant.
To avoid this cost, Water Utilities Director Hani Tohme said the city built Cattail Marsh.
“The choice was made at the time to go ahead and do the wetlands because it was cheaper and an environmentally friendly project,” Tohme said.
Years later, the marsh’s $12 million infusion in 2007 completely revamped each of the eight cells within the marsh. These cells were dredged and their topsoils replaced to allow for a better control of flow into and out of the system.
“On average and in general approximately, every 20 years you go through your wetland system and rehab them,” Tohme said. “And that’s what we started five years ago.”
The cells were then replanted with naturally occurring plants, such as bullrush, which carries much-needed oxygen into the system’s roots.
“Bullrush is the main workhorse, but in nature you don’t want to have a monoculture,” said the city’s water quality control manager, Karen Warren, who is also a biologist. “You can’t have only one species. For that reason, we have several different species there in the wetlands.”
Other species of plant that contribute to the wetland’s natural filtration are arrowhead and primrose, along with flowering plants that help dissolve phosphorous and other chemicals, Warren said.
“We’re trying to do a nice diverse culture of plants,” she said.
In order to further rehabilitate the marsh, Water Utilities Director Hani Tohme said the city applied for and received an out-of-the-ordinary four and a half-year extension to complete its rehabilitation.
“Getting the first three years was just amazing,” Tohme said of the TCEQ’s decision. “Nobody could believe we got an extension that long. But they understand what we do.”
According to the TCEQ, Beaumont received another 1.5-year extension, which will expire June 30, 2013.
Tohme and other water utility officials said part of the reason regulators deem the waterway impaired is the TCEQ is using old data from the Hildebrandt Bayou to determine the effectiveness of Beaumont’s Cattail Marsh in cleansing the area’s water.
The city has also applied for a seven ppm cap on ammonia, instead of the current three to six ppm cap based on seasonal and temperature changes.
“They’re not concerned about the seven ppm as much as they are about the loading that goes there, which is the flow and concentration going to it,” Warren said. “We believe that once they really take a look at the numbers, if they already haven’t — the state hasn’t even evaluated those numbers yet, the new numbers — they’re going to see that it has greatly improved.”
As far as loading goes, according to the council agenda, when Beaumont receives up to two and a half inches of rain, Beaumont’s Waste Treatment Plant receives up to 170 million gallons per day. This is much more than the 46 million per day the city’s plant is designed to clean. To remedy this problem, City Council members approved another change order Tuesday, June 18, to its March 20, 2012 project of turning a portion of the plant into a 70 million gallon storage tank
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them to recognize their role and exercise their capacities as citizens.
Many do, but there could be more.
The discussion really needs to be not just about STEM. It needs to be about reorienting mainstream public education to providing high-quality, broad-based learning that provides an opportunity for all students to be exposed to and learn to value STEM, language, arts, history, culture and trade skills.
Gains in student engagement, enthusiasm and test scores in reading, math and science from programs such as NDI-New Mexico and the New Mexico Philharmonic, which provide some students access to the arts both in-school and after-school, point to a great place to start.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>pk10资金分配表
此外，据媒体报道，月日发布的清盘公告的好好理财，月日发布逾期公告的花果金融，均涉嫌关联融资、关联担保。
提到，根据‘数据，本月级公司债较美国公债的风险溢价或利差提高至个百分点。在美国经济自年以来出现过的七次衰退中，该利差水平有六次在衰退期间或即将进入衰退时达到过这一水准。
这一点，美国女排的副攻阿金拉德沃就具备了二米半的一传照样打背飞的能力，副攻能力越强，对对方拦网的牵制作用就越大，对队友的掩护效果也就越强。
月日下午时分许，在神木境内的省道西沟段，一辆满载液碱的重型卡车与迎面而来的轿车相撞，轿车被撞离路面，飞向路边一堵墙反弹后掉进路边水沟中。事故造成轿车驾驶员张飞当场死亡。事发后，救护车将副驾驶上的张永利紧急送往神木市第二人民医院抢救。不到一个小时，医生宣布张永利和腹中胎儿均已死亡。而仅仅在两个多小时之前，张永利还在距此不远的另一家医院进行产前检查。
参议院的报告解释说，自年法国遭遇恐袭以来，“伊斯兰国”恐怖组织被攻陷之后，政府在应对恐怖主义威胁的组织和手段上已有所改进：加强了打击手段、改变了刑事政策、情报机构积极动员，但参议院调查委员会在应付恐袭威胁变化方面对政府“将来所采取的行动表示强烈担忧”。
但是，当记者索要对方广告公司的联系方式时，这家教育机构的工作人员并没有给记者。而当记者昨天晚上联系上这家教育机构的一名老师时，对方说是公司负责人来联系广告公司的，但负责人目前已经出国了，无法联系上。
中欧太空合作的接近，与太空科研实力的此消彼长有着密不可分的关系。在俄罗斯“和平”号空间站年坠毁后，由传统西方大国和俄罗斯合力建设的国际空间站长期以来成为人类在太空中最大和最主要的空间站。
经侦查得知，负责在郴州与广州保持联络的是“二哥”，通过对“二哥”的跟踪，民警发现他总是与一名叫肖某国的郴州本地人联络。经调查，肖某国因为生意失败，已经在外欠下大量债务，全家被银行纳入失信人员名单，是个极可能为了钱而铤而走险的人。
全队命中率达到，德里克怀特得了分、个篮板和次助攻，杰伦布洛瑟姆盖姆分个篮板，奇梅齐耶梅图分个篮板。替补出场的杰夫莱德贝特分。
在此次出访前夕，特朗普并没有着力缓解欧洲的担忧，而是继续发表指责北约的新言论。日，在北约峰会两天前，特朗普仍在推特上继续炮轰北约盟友，称“美国在北约的投入远远超过其他任何国家。这是不公平的，也是不可接受的”。
相关阅读：
<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Ok, so this isn’t the same as our usual tips. But recently I was involved in an animal models project that led me to this resource on genomic pathology. The deeper I got into this animal model project, the more clear it became that a tremendous amount of genomic data is coming that is going to be great–but it will need to be paired with appropriate histology and pathology for a more complete understanding of the genomic biology.
All these model organism projects–knockout mice or rats, mutant mice for cancer studies for example, inbred lines with specific characteristics and genomic regions like the Collaborative Cross, treated animals–need quality pathology assessments. There are phenotyping projects like Europhenome being done on large sets of animals, and they require not only standardized descriptions and ontologies, but also image samples and evaluations. In an age where we all scan around at all this software looking at genes and genomic regions, we have to have pathology data as well. And that data will also need to be standardized and stored in appropriate database resources for researchers to find and examine. I recently heard Dr. Robert Cardiff talk about his work on Pathobiology of the Mouse and how crucial it is to capture the information in a standardized and searchable ways. He’s one of the drivers of this project, and fully understands the needs in this arena.
More people should be trained in pathology to examine these animals. So during this project I was impressed to find out about an online learning project that could be helpful for people who need to understand the foundations of animal research and be introduced to important aspects of pathology. This project has won an award for Outstanding Distance Learning (May 25). So as a public service in genomics I point you to this UC Davis project.
You can have a look at the background and goals for this from the Center for Genomic Pathology site. From there you can click the navigation for UCD Information Session to get a taste of their course, or click on my image above. It’s a nice effort.
We have no relationships with UC Davis or this online learning project–we just thought it was a valuable and important component to genomics and wanted to talk about it.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Lost in the shuffle of the current global pandemic, the CDC in March released a study causing the organization to increase their estimate of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) prevalence to one in 54 children. This changes the CDC’s previous prevalence estimate of 1 in 59 children, which was released in 2018.
Dr. Benjamin Black, director of medical services at the Thompson Center believes this change shows the need for increased autism resources around the country.
“The increase in autism spectrum disorder prevalence to 1 in 54 children is important, and highlights the continued need for resources to be devoted to this area,” Dr. Black said. “However, equally important is the disparities that this study noted geographically and across socioeconomic groups. The Thompson Center strives to be a leader in challenging these disparities through its educational, research, and clinical care programs.”
Dr. Connie Brooks, head of the clinical psychology department at the Thompson Center, believes this change is important as it highlights previously underrepresented groups in the autism evaluation process.
“The increase in the ASD prevalence rate seems to indicate that autism specialists are doing a good job in identifying children with autism, particularly with the new data indicating similar prevalence rates for black and Asian/Pacific Islander children. The results also suggest, however, that we still have to work to do, especially in improving identification of Hispanic children as well as with earlier diagnosis of Black children. I’m proud that the Thompson Center continues to focus on health disparities in our training and clinical work to reduce these differences.”
The Thompson Center has performed more than 700 autism diagnostic evaluations in the last year. While many families remain on the waiting list to receive an evaluation, the Thompson Center continues to search for ways to increase how many families we can serve each year.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>همتای انگلستان پس از لقب کمال هریس ، معاون منتخب رئیس جمهور آمریكا ، “هندی” ، انتقاد كرد
Posted On نوامبر 9, 2020
یکی از اعضای مجلس اعیان انگلیس پس از اینکه وی معاون رئیس جمهور منتخب ایالات متحده ، کامالا هریس را با اشاره آشکار به میراث آسیای جنوبی خود ، در حالی که حدس می زد رئیس جمهور شود ، “نژاد پرست” نامگذاری شد.
“چه اتفاقی می افتد اگر بایدن حرکت کند و هندی رئیس جمهور شود. چه کسی پس از آن معاون رئیس جمهور می شود؟ “ توییت لرد جان کیلکلونی خوانده شد.
این اولین بار نیست که کیلکلونی ، معاون سابق حزب اتحاد اتحاد اولستر ، برای زبان نامناسب نژادی وی سر و صدا ایجاد می کند. وی پیش از این از لئو وارادکار ، نخست وزیر ایرلند که پدرش از بمبئی استقبال می کرد ، به عنوان الف نام برد “هندی معمولی”
اظهارات وی در مورد هریس با واکنش سریع بسیاری در شبکه های اجتماعی روبرو شد. وس استریتینگ نماینده حزب کارگر از همتای خود انتقاد کرد توییت کردن: “او این کار را قبلاً با لئو وارادکار انجام داده و اکنون نیز آن را با کامالا هریس انجام داده است. این نوع نژادپرستی از نظر هیچ کس قابل قبول نیست ، اما از نظر یکی از اعضای مجلس لردها اعتقاد گدا است. باید اقدام شود. “
همچنین در rt.com
اوا لونگوریا پس از متهم شدن به نژادپرستی و سرقت در کانون توجه زنان سیاه پوست با ستایش از رای دهندگان لاتین ، به دلیل عذرخواهی ستایش شد
سایمون هور ، یک نماینده محافظه کار که رئیس کمیته انتخاب امور ایرلند شمالی نیز هست ، نوشت که اظهارات کیلکلونی “بد است. بی ادب نژاد پرست. مخوف.” هوار همچنین اضافه کرد که او در پاسخ به سخنان کیلکلونی شکایتی رسمی به دفتر سخنگوی لرد ارائه داده است.
متعاقبا کیلکلونی Hoare را در توییتر مسدود کرد ، اقدامی که Hoare از آن استقبال کرد: “من آن را یک نعمت می دانم.”
رئیس مجلس بالا ، بارون فاولر ، گفت که کیلکلونی باید نظر خود را پس بگیرد و عذرخواهی کند ، افزود که این راهی برای مراجعه به هیچ کس نیست ، “چه رسد به زنی که به تازگی تاریخ سازی کرده است.”
بعداً کیلکلونی گفت که اظهارات خود را پس گرفته و با توئیتر نوشت: “در حالی که بایدن به ایرلندی بودن خود افتخار می کند و هریس به درستی به سابقه هندی خود افتخار می کند ، من مطمئناً اشاره خود را به او به عنوان یک هندی پس می گیرم زیرا به نظر می رسد برخی افراد را ناراحت کرده است.”
اونم همینطور تکذیب کرد این یک اظهارنظر نژادپرستانه بود و گفت که مردم توئیت قبلی او را اشتباه درک کرده اند.
این داستان را دوست دارید؟ با یک دوست به اشتراک بگذارید!<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>ITB2020 - Berlin Germany
14 اسفند ماه 1398 الی 18 اسفند ماه 1398
تاریخچه ITB برلین
نمایشگاه گردشگری برلین (ITB Berlin) به عنوان مهمترین نمایشگاه بازرگانی سفر فرصت تجاری ویژه ای برای عرضه کنندگان جهانی خدمات گردشگری می باشد.
نمایشگاه ITB آلمان که از سال ۱۹۹۶ آغاز کار کرده و مقر اصلی آن در برلین قرار دارد ، هر سال در ماه مارس برگزار می شود.
نمایشگاه ITB عمدتا ۵ روزه بوده و ۳ روز اول آن به صورت کاملا تخصصی
برای کسانی است که در حوزه صنعت گردشگری فعالیت تجاری می کنند.در ۲ روز آخر
بازدید کننده های عمومی نیز می توانند وارد نمایشگاه شوند.
علاوه بر اظهار رضایتمندی بسیار زیاد شرکت کنندگان (بالای ٩٠%) آمار ها نیز این موضوع را بیشتر ثابت می کنند.
هدف از برگزاری نمایشگاه ITB برلین
نمایشگاه گردشگری آی تی بی برلین( ITB Berlin) به عنوان نمایشگاهی پیشرو در صنعت سفر شناخته می شود. نمایشگاه گردشگری آی تی بی برلین مهمترین پلت فرم تجاری برای فرصت های گردشگری جهانی است.
با تنوع منحصر به فرد نمایشگاه آی تی بی برلین، این نمایشگاه زنجیره ارزش
افزوده گردشگری را به طور کامل پوشش می دهد. در این نمایشگاه بیش از ۱۸۰
کشور حضور دارند.
به علاوه نمایشگاه ITB برلین به بخش های جداگانه ای تقسیم می شود، که هر کدام از این بخش ها بازتابی از مهمترین عناوین جاری هستند. جدا بودن بخش های تولیدی و خدماتی باعث می شود که مسیر خود را به راحتی در این نمایشگاه پیدا کنید.
- حضور ۵ قاره در این نمایشگاه
- حضور بیش از ۱۸۰ کشور
- ۱۰۰۰ خریدار برتر واجد شرایط
- ۱۰.۰۰۰ شرکت کننده
- ۱۱۰.۰۰۰ بازدیدکننده تجاری
- مجموع بازدیدکنندگان ۱۶۰.۰۰۰ نفر
- ۱۶۰.۰۰۰ متر مربع مساحت نمایشگاه
توضیحات
شرکت سرو بنیان ادبی از سال ۹۸ با شرکت در فراخوان شرکت مادر تخصصی توسعه ی ایرانگردی و جهانگردی بعنوان مجری پاویون گردشگری در نمایشگاه های خارجی انتخاب گردید و در همان سال نمایشگاه ITB برلین را تا مرحله ی اجرا پیش برد که متاسفانه با شیوع پاندومی کووید – ۱۹ در واپسین روزهای افتتاحیه، از سوی کشور میزبان(آلمان) لغو گردید.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>There may be times when you wonder why your energy levels are so low or why you’ve been feeling more fatigued than usual. Often it’s a result of simply not drinking enough water.
Since the human body is about 70 percent water, it only makes sense that water intake is key for maintaining optimal energy on a daily basis. Sufficient hydration is crucial to every physiological action that takes place in your body. Water is involved in the digestion of food, helps lubricate joints, is a carrier of nutrients to cells, affects hormone regulation and is the main component of blood.
Proper water intake is also a key component of weight loss. Fat metabolism simply does not occur at an optimal rate when we are chronically dehydrated.
Even when it comes to exercise performance, the importance of water is often forgotten. Much of our attention is focused on finding the right foods for fueling our workouts. But inadequate hydration can hinder exercise performance as well.
And you can’t rely on thirst as an indicator. If you wait until you are thirsty to rehydrate, you have already lost 1-2 percent of your body weight, which results in a decrease in performance and loss of mental focus and clarity. This is primarily due to a reduction in cardiovascular output, metabolic reactions and an increase in core temperature since water is the body’s coolant during exercise.
Needless to say, maintaining hydration can be a real difference maker when it comes to exercise performance. Outlined below are tips and specific guidelines for proper daily water intake and throughout the workout spectrum (pre-, post- and during).
Current research from the Institute of Medicine found that the average water loss per day was nine cups for women and 13 cups for men, which is the minimum daily recommendation for each sex, respectively. If you’re active, then you need more.
Eating your fruits and vegetables will supplement that daily minimum. Some 19 percent of our fluid intake also comes from food (approximately 4 cups on average). Fruits and vegetables are water-dense foods and are great for getting additional hydration. Plus, they are packed with nutrients, high in fiber and low in calories, which can aid in weight loss as well. Here are some of the most water-packed foods you should add:
▪ Squash (cooked): 94 pecent
▪ Cantaloupe: 90 percent
▪ Oranges: 87 percent
▪ Apples: 86 percent
▪ Pears: 84 percent
By “pre-hydrating,” you will ensure that you begin physical activity adequately hydrated and with normal electrolyte levels. As a general rule, aim for 16 ounces 30 minutes prior to exercise.
Remember, if you wait until you are thirsty, then your performance has already suffered. Aiming for 6-12 ounces every 15-30 minutes will match the rate of fluid loss under most circumstances. Also, most sport beverages that contain a low concentration (6-8 percent) of carbohydrates and electrolytes can be even more beneficial for longer or more intense workouts since they help to maintain sufficient energy and electrolyte levels in addition to just water.
After a workout, fluid intake is necessary to aid in recovery since losses in both carbohydrates and sodium hinder the process of rehydration. As a general rule, 24 ounces right after a workout or, more specifically, 24 ounces per pound of body weight loss.
Beat the Heat
Increases in temperature naturally increase the rate of fluid loss in the body. At a minimum you should increase your intake by 16 ounces a day once the weather gets significantly warmer. In some cases, daily fluid needs could be as much as double as normal. Monitoring your weight changes throughout the day and pre- and post-workout can serve as an effective gauge as well.
Jason Wanlass, the owner of Champion Fitness Training in Meridian, has more than 20 years of experience in the fitness industry. Contact him at [email protected] or championfit.net. He writes a monthly fitness column.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>عبدالبهاء؛ از تهدید جمال پاشا تا اعلام حمایت لرد بالفور!
پایگاه جامع فرق، ادیان و مذاهب_ در ماجرای تصرف فلسطین (به عنوان بخشی از خاک عثمانی)، به دست قوای مهاجم انگلیسی، عباس افندی، مرتکب خیانت و جاسوسی برای انگلیسیها شد. حمایت عبدالبهاء از قوای مهاجم انگلیسی به قدری حاکمان عثمانی را عصبانی کرد که "جمال پاشا" تهدید به مجازات او کرد.[1] در این میان دولت انگلستان، برای حمایت
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非如此，对于许多保级队而言，这次人员征调对他们的“打击”甚至是毁灭性的。
通用电气在收购阿尔斯通能源业务时，曾承诺要创造个新的就业岗位，但在月表示，这一目标“遥不可及”。法国政府随后提出了对每一项未创造的工作罚款万欧元的可能性。<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>هر کس داستانی دارد. این داستان درباره شرکت ها، همان کارهایی است که هر شرکتی در دوره حضور خود در صنایع مختلف انجام داده است. کانورس همواره کیفیت را بر کمیت مقدم می داند چنانکه شعار کارمندان شرکت کانورس هم این است: «مهم نیست چند سال عمر کاری ات چقدر است، مهم این است که چقدر خوب کار می کنی و مطمئن هم هستی که تا آخر کار همینطور خوب باقی خواهی ماند.»
در سال 1908 «مارکیز میلز کانورس» (Marquis Mills Converse) شرکت «لاستیک کانورس» را راه اندازی کرد. ابتدا شرکت فقط گالش (کفش لاستیکی) و اقلام لاستیکی مربوط به کفش را با توجه به نیازهای فصلی تولید می کرد ولی سرانجام شرکت تصمیم گرفت از نیروی کار خود برای تولید کفش ورزشی استفاده کند.
شرکت کانورس در همان ابتدای کار اطلاعیه ای چاپ کرد با این متن: «فروشندگان کتانی محترم، شرکت پلاستیک کتانی کانورس، باور دارد آنقدر مستقل و موفق خواهد بود که از هیچ شرکتی در هیچ راهی تقلید نخواهد کرد.» این جملات بی نظیر بودند. وقتی یک شرکت قادر است آنقدر مستقل و خلاق باشد که از دیگر برندها پیروی نکند، مطمئنا شرکتی است که می تواند همزاد حرکت های نو و بازی های نوینی چون بسکتبال باشد. در آن سال ها ورزش بسکتبال با اینکه ورزش جدیدی بود اما طرفداران بسیاری در آمریکا داشت.
با توجه به محبوبیت بسکتبال، شرکت کانورس به این نتیجه رسید که کفشی تولید کند که بازیکنان هنگام بازی به پا کنند. بعد از تحقیق بسیار در مورد شکل کفش، اولین نمونه کفش بسکتبال All Star در سال 1917 تولید شد و به بازار آمد.
این نمونه قسمتی هم داشت که مچ پا را دربر می گرفت. در دهه 1920 کانورس آل استار با کتان یا چرم سیاه تولید می شد. All Star در واقع اولین کفش بسکتبال بود که در شمال آمریکا به صورت انبوه به بازار می آمد. در ابتدا فروش بسیار کم بود ولی چند سال بعد فروش آنها افزایش یافت؛ افزایش فروش که مدیون چارلز (چاک) تیلور (Chuck Taylor "Charles”) (طراح کفش های شرکت) بود.
در مورد پیوستن چاک تیلور به شرکت کانورس داستان های زیادی وجود دارد ولی دلیل اصلی این همکاری در واقع عشق چاک تیلور به بسکتبال بود و هیچ چیز برای او ضروری تر از این نبود که این بازی جدید در دنیا گسترش پیدا کند و به دنبال آن، کتانی ها نیز به فروش برسند. مدتی بعد تیلور، کانورس آل استار سیاه را طراحی کرد که این کفش در مسابقات «انجمن ملی بسکتبال آمریکا» (NBA) مورد استفاده بازیکنان قرار گرفت.
در سال 1935 تیلور اسم خود را به قسمت مچ کفش منتقل کرد. این قسمت دارای یک وصله گرد است که دور آن نام کفش «Converse All Star» نوشته شده و در وسط آن نیز یک ستاره سرمه ای به چشم می خورد. در یک طرف این ستاره «Chuck» و در طرف دیگر آن «Taylor» به چشم می خورد.
در زمان جنگ جهانی دوم کانورس یک فرصت استثنائی به دست آورد. بسیاری از محصولات شرکت برای نظامیان آمریکایی که در آن سوی آب ها می جنگیدند، فرستاده می شد. در این زمان، بیشترین توجه تولیدات کانورس روی محصولاتی بود که برای سربازان مورد نیاز بود، از جمله کفش، پوشاک، چکمه، لباس های لاستیکی محافظ و پانچو.
بعد از جنگ دوم جهانی که همه چیز – از موسیقی تا ورزش – دستخوش تغییر شده و رنگ عوض کرده بود، بسکتبال و کفش بازیکن ها نیز از این تغییرات دور نماندند و کفش های آل استار نیز به صورت رنگی درآمدند.
این کفش برای مسابقات بسکتبال طراحی شده بود ولی یک جذابیتی در این کفش وجود داشت که آنرا برای همه افرادی که دارای روحی جوان و سرکش بودند جذاب می کرد. حتی دانشجویان و تیم های بسکتبال دبیرستانی نیز از این مدل استفاده می کردند.
آل استار طی دهه های 60 و 70 روزگار خوشی داشت تا اینکه در دهه های 80 و 90 شرکت با شرایط سختی مواجه شد. مدیریت چندین و چند بار تغییر کرد و حتی کانورس در آستانه ورشکستگی قرار گرفت، تا اینکه یکی از مدیران، تمام کارخانه های آمریکای شمالی را تعطیل کرد و آنها را به آسیا انتقال داد.
اما این پایان داستان نبود، با انتقال شرکت به آسیا، کانورس دوباره نفسی تازه کرد و جایگاهش را بار دیگر به دست آورد تا جایی که در حال حاضر در بسیاری از کشورها از جمله آرژانتین، استرالیا، برزیل، شیلی، آفریقای جنوبی و ... نمایندگی دارد. شرکت کانورس با وجود تمام شرکت هایی که در سراسر دنیا دارد، شرایطی را برای مشتری در نظر گرفته است که شخص می تواند یک کفش کتانی آل استار سفید را به سلیقه و با توجه به رنگ ها و طراح هایی که مورد علاقه شخص است رنگ کند و سفارش دهد، و این کار تنها به صورت آنلاین امکانپذیر است.
بعد از گذشت تمام این سال ها، مردم از دختر و پسر، مردن و زن و از هر سنی، همچنان به این کتانی ها علاقه مند هستند. دلیلشان نیز بسیار ساده است: آل استار کفشی است راحت و با دوام با طراحی ساده. جالب اینکه این کفش برای زنان و مردان شکل یکسانی دارد و هنوز که هنوز است با همان طرح اولیه چاک تیلور به دست مشتریانش می رسد.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>مهاجرت شبکه هلیوم به بلاکچین سولانا / افزایش قابل توجه قیمت
طی هفت روز گذشته، پس از اعلام اینکه شبکه هلیوم قصد دارد در تاریخ ۲۷ مارس به بلاک چین سولانا مهاجرت کند، سولانا بیش از ۲۳ درصد در برابر دلار آمریکا افزایش یافته است. توکن بومی شبکه هلیوم HNT، نیز ۲۵ درصد در هفته گذشته افزایش یافت.
اقتصاد آنلاین - حسین عسکری؛ طبق یک پست وبلاگی که توسط توسعه دهندگان اصلی منتشر شده است، شبکه هلیوم، زنجیره ای که به اینترنت اشیا (IoT) اختصاص دارد، قصد دارد به شبکه بلاک چین سولانا مهاجرت کند. بنا بر این پست، بنیاد هلیوم یک تاریخ مهاجرت را پس از "ماه ها برنامه ریزی دقیق و توسعه فنی" برنامه ریزی کرده است.
تیم هلیوم گفت که این ارتقا در 27 مارس 2023 در ساعت 10 صبح به وقت شرقی انجام خواهد شد.
توسعه دهندگان هلیوم می گویند که این ارتقا در یک انتقال 24 ساعته انجام می شود و بر تمام کیف پول های شبکه، هات اسپات ها و وضعیت شبکه تاثیر می گذارد. در پست وبلاگ آمده است: «تکمیل مهاجرت نشاندهنده دوران جدیدی برای شبکه هلیوم است که به آن امکان میدهد به مقیاس بزرگتری دست یابد و واقعاً به شبکهای از شبکهها تبدیل شود». شبکه هلیوم اکنون نزدیک به 1 میلیون نقطه اتصال دارد، همچنین تقاضای تجاری برای شبکه هلیوم افزایش یافته است."
نمودار HNTUST در تایم روزانه
هر دو توکن سولانا (SOL) و هلیوم (HNT) طی هفته گذشته افزایش قابل توجهی داشته اند و هلیوم پیشتاز این راه بود. سولانا (SOL) در 24 ساعت گذشته 8.5 درصد و در هفت روز گذشته 23 درصد افزایش یافته است.
در 24 ساعت گذشته، هلیوم 7.3 درصد افزایش یافت و در طول هفته گذشته، 25٪ بالاتر رفت. در حالی که سولانا دوازدهمین شبکه بلاک چین از نظر ارزش گذاری بازار است، هلیوم در جایگاه 117 قرار دارد.
به گفته تیم هلیوم، پس از تایید HIP 70، برنامه نویسان اصلی برنامه هایی را برای شبکه سولانا توسعه داده اند، مانند اجرای PoC Oracles، ایجاد LNS باز و حسابداری، اوراکلز و بارگیری اطلاعات وضعیت حساب هلیوم در Solana Devnet.
توسعه دهندگان هسته هلیوم همچنین توضیح دادند که اکثر دارندگان توکن HNT و دارندگان هات اسپات "نیازی به انجام هیچ اقدامی برای مشارکت در ارتقا نخواهند داشت."<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Il passato più remoto del nostro Universo
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Riassunto
Vi siete mai chiesti corne è nato l’Universo? O perlomeno che aspetto aveva l’Universo miliardi e miliardi di anni fa, in epoche molto lontane dalla nostra? Esisteva anche allora ed era uguale a oggi? Oppure era molto diverso? O forse non esisteva nemmeno?
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Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>او ادامه داد تا ادعا کند “[p]بسیاری از ایالت های تحت کنترل دموکرات ها کمتر از آنچه قانون جدید جورجیا ایجاب می کند ، رای گیری زودهنگام را انجام می دهند. ”
رهبر اقلیت سنا نوشت: “رئیس جمهور بارها ادعا کرده است که مباحثات مربوط به روش های رای گیری در سطح ایالت از جیم کرو یا” جیم کرو در مورد استروئیدها “بدتر است.”
بیانیه مک کانل یک هفته پس از آن مطرح شد که بخش جورجیا از انجمن ملی پیشرفت افراد رنگی (NAACP) شکایتی علیه وزیر امور خارجه جورجیا برد رافنسپرگر و مقامات انتخابات ایالتی مطرح کرد ، با این استدلال که قانون جدید اصلاح رای گیری بخشی از “تلاش هماهنگ برای سرکوب مشارکت رای دهندگان سیاه پوست. ” این شکایت ادعا می کند سیاست های مندرج در S.B. 202 اصلاحیه های اول ، چهاردهم و پانزدهم و همچنین بند 2 قانون حقوق رأی را نقض می کند.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Catia utilizza quotidianamente diverse cartelle di lavoro di Excel. In alcune, vorrebbe che il cursore si spostasse sempre verso il basso dopo aver inserito i dati e in altre vorrebbe che il cursore si spostasse a destra. Si chiede se esista un modo per salvare la direzione del cursore con ogni singola cartella di lavoro.
La direzione in cui si sposta la cella selezionata dopo aver premuto Invio viene determinata a livello di applicazione seguendo questi passaggi:
- Visualizza la finestra di dialogo Opzioni di Excel (in Excel 2007 fai clic sul pulsante Office e quindi su Opzioni di Excel. In Excel 2010 o versioni successive, visualizza la scheda File della barra multifunzione e quindi faiclic su Opzioni).
- A sinistra della finestra di dialogo, fai clic su Impostazioni avanzate.
- In Opzioni di modifica, assicurati che la casella di controllo “Dopo la pressione di INVIO, sposta la selezione” sia selezionata (dovrebbe esserlo per impostazione predefinita).
- Utilizzando l’elenco a discesa Direzione, modifica la direzione come desideri. La modifica della direzione influisce sul comportamento di Excel in tutte le cartelle di lavoro.
- Fai clic su OK.
Poiché viene gestita a livello di applicazione, l’impostazione non viene archiviata con le singole cartelle di lavoro. È tuttavia possibile creare una macro che può essere archiviata con la cartella di lavoro e la macro può modificare la direzione. Idealmente, la macro dovrebbe modificare la direzione quando una cartella di lavoro viene attivata e dovrebbe ripristinare la direzione quando la cartella di lavoro viene disattivata, ovvero quando viene attivata una cartella di lavoro diversa o il programma è terminato.
Public MouseDirection As Long Private Sub Workbook_Activate() MouseDirection = Application.MoveAfterReturnDirection Application.MoveAfterReturnDirection = xlToRight End Sub
Private Sub Workbook_Deactivate() Application.MoveAfterReturnDirection = MouseDirection End Sub
Queste sono in realtà due macro e dovrebbero essere aggiunte all’oggetto Questa_cartella_di_lavoro nell’editor VBA. Come mostrato, la macro Workbook_Activate imposta la direzione verso destra dopo aver premuto Invio. Se preferisci, puoi sostituire xlToRight con una di queste direzioni: xlDown, xlUp o xlToLeft.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Adolf Hitler was a german politician, a government leader and one of the 20th centuries most powerful dictators. Making anti-semitism a keystone of his propaganda and policies, he built up the Nazi party into a mass movement. Once in power, he converted Germany into a fully militarized society and launched World War II. For a time he dominated most of Europe and North Africa . He caused the slaughter of millions of Jews and others whom he considered inferior human beings.
Hitler was born in Braunauam Inn, Austria, on April 20, 1889, the son of a minor customs official and a peasant girl. A poor student, he never completed high school. He applied for admission to the Academy of Fine Arts in Vienna but was rejected for lack of talent. Staying in Vienna until 1913, he lived first on an orphan's pension, later on small earnings from pictures he drew. He read voraciously, developing anti-Jewish and antidemocratic convictions, an admiration for the outstanding individual, and a contempt for the masses.
In World War I, Hitler, by then in Munich, volunteered for service in the Bavarian army. He proved a dedicated, courageous soldier, but was never promoted beyond private first class because his superiors thought him lacking in leadership qualities. After Germany's defeat in 1918 he returned to Munich, remaining in the army until 1920. His commander made him an education officer, with the mandate to immunize his charges against pacifist and democratic ideas. In September 1919 he joined the nationalist German workers party, and in April 1920 he went to work full time for the party, now renamed the National Socialist German Workers (Nazi) party. In 1921 he was elected party chairman with dichorial powers.
Organizing meeting after meeting, terrorizing political foes with groups of party thugs, Hitler spread his gospel of racial hatred and contempt for democracy. He soon became a key figure in Bavarian politics, aided by high officials and businessmen. In November 1923, a time of political and economic chaos, he led an uprising in Munich against the postwar weimar republic, proclaiming himself chancellor of a new authoritarian regime. Without military support, however, the Putsch collapsed. As leader of the plot, Hitler was sentenced to five years imprisonment and spent the eight months he actually served dictating his autobiography Mein kampf. Released as a result of a general amnesty in December 1924, he rebuilt his party without interference from those whose government he had tried to overthrow. When the Great depression struck in 1929, his explanation of it as a Jewish-Communist plot was accepted by many Germans. Promising a strong Germany, jobs, and national glory, he attracted millions of voters. Nazi representation in the Reichstag rose from 12 seats in 1928 to 107 in 1930.
During the following two years the party kept expanding, benefiting from growing unemployment, fear of Communism, Hitler's self...<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Fossil Claw Indicates Giant Arthropods of the Devonian
Spiders can be quite frightening, especially at this time of year when some particular types of spider, such as the Wolf Spider take up residence in your house to avoid the wintry weather. Suddenly, seeing one of these animals scuttling along the living room floor can be enough to make anyone jump, but scientists in Germany have come across a fossil to really put the wind up anyone with a slight fear of Arthropods.
Markus Poschmann of the Mainz museum, in Germany has found a 390 million year old fossil claw from what could be the biggest Arthropod known to date. The fossil was found in a quarry near the town of Prum in western Germany. The fossil is part of a claw of a sea scorpion species named Jaekelopterus rhenaniae, this species had been described and named from other German finds last Century but this new find reveals that this particular sea scorpion was a giant of the Devonian seas, reaching lengths in excess of 2.5 metres,
Based on the size of the claw, which is 46 cms long scientists have calculated that this animal would have grown to at least 2.5 metres in length, making it a contender for the largest ever Arthropod. Certainly, based on these measurements this new find puts J. rhenaniae up alongside the likes of Pterygotus, another huge sea scorpion (known as Eurypterids).
Markus Poschmann and his Fossil Find
Picture Credit: Markus Poschmann
The picture above shows Markus next to his restored and mounted giant scorpion claw.
Jaekelopterus rhenaniae was probably a top predator during this part of the Devonian period, feeding on other Arthropods, including smaller sea scorpions and fish. Markus and co-author Simon Braddy, a palaeobiologist from Bristol University have just had their work published in Biology Letters, a scientific journal.
Based on other fossils of J. rhenaniae it can be seen that the limbs were relatively weak and would not have supported the weight of this huge animal without the assistance of water, so the scientists have speculated that this animal spent the vast majority of its life in a marine environment. It would have been a ferocious ambush predator, tackling any animal smaller than itself that ventured within reach. Once captured the powerful claws would have simply torn the victim to pieces, which could then have been passed up to the animal's mouth on the underside of its heavily armoured head.
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Top 5 Websites to Find Figma Flowchart Resources
If you are looking at creating slightly detailed or advanced Figma flowcharts, you will have to rely on templates, libraries or kits from the UX community. Here is a compilation of the top 5 websites which offer great Figma flowchart resources.
1. UXFlow 2.0
UXFlow offers a complete UX Flowchart kit Figma. The kit comes loaded with hundreds of vector cards, arrows and elements for creating quick sitemaps, flow charts and diagrams. The kit contains elements for both Sketch and Figma flowchart. The kit comprises of customizable cards in 2 colors and is perfect for creating both detailed and quick flows. This Figma flowchart kit is especially powerful because almost everything in the kit is customizable. This is a great option if you are looking to design detailed sitemaps as well. Here is a screenshot of a real Figma flowchart built using UXFlow 2.0.
If you are looking at a fast and more graphic Figma flowchart plugin, Flowkit is your obvious choice. The components and file structure are intelligently named and all of the components can be placed dynamically for a faster workflow. This is a great plugin for annotating subtle details as well using the tiny flow components. The website claims that the plugin is used by leaders in design including Apple, Nike, facebook and stripe. Note that the plugin needs to be purchased at a cost.
Greyhound offers a free Figma flowchart kit consisting of 200+ flowcharts in 11 categories to design sitemaps and prototypes for web and mobile projects. All these flowcharts are fully customizable and are compatible with Sketch and Figma. This is a great kit primarily due to the variety and choice of flowchart templates. It is a fully vector Figma flowchart kit. The below screenshot gives you a quick view of some of the Figma flowchart elements offered by this Figma flowchart kit.
4. Scheme Flowcharts
Scheme Flowcharts is a visually appealing flowchart kit providing you all the resources for Figma flowchart. The kit comes with 310+ flowcharts for web and mobile prototyping. The kit includes fully customizable flowcharts, gestures, action symbols and connectors. This toolkit is designed to speed up your project workflow by using all the advantageous features of Sketch and Figma. The website is extremely user friendly in that it has published numerous "How it works" video to help the user build Figma flowcharts easily.
Dribble is generally an ocean of resources for any UX designer. Dribble not only has tutorials and information on how to create great Figma flowcharts, it also provides designers numerous free Figma flowchart kits and templates. Their website claims to house close to 750 inspirational designs, illustrations and graphic elements from the world's best designers. With such variety and quantity of resources, dribble is sure to address any flowchart design needs.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>COLLATIO LEGUM MOSAICARUM ET ROMANARUM (or Lex Dei), one of the rare examples of a systematic comparison of two different legislations, the Jewish and the Roman. It was probably compiled in Rome, between the years 294 and 313 C.E. At one time the author was thought to have been a Christian; however, Volterra's view that the author was a Jew who wanted to prove the priority and superiority of the teachings of Moses (Scitote, iurisconsulti, quia Moyses prius hoc statuit, Coll. 7:1) appears to be preferable and is accepted by Levy. The Collatio contains 16 chapters dealing particularly with penal law; the first extract in every chapter is the biblical one, normally preceded by the phrase Moyses dicit ("Moses says") or Moyses Dei sacerdos haec dicit ("Moses, the priest of God, says the following"), followed by the paragraphs from the Roman jurists and the imperial constitutions. The biblical extracts (taken exclusively from Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy) are carefully translated into Latin, probably by the same author, who used the text of the Septuagint and Latin translations before Jerome, frequently comparing the Hebrew text and also bearing in mind at times the traditional Jewish interpretation. The author often alters the text in order to make it more comprehensible juridically, or to make it agree with Roman precepts. Cassuto assumed that the translation of the biblical texts contained in the Collatio might be a reflection of "the tradition of the Italian Jews" who needed a Latin translation of the Bible for use in their synagogues and schools (Annuario di Studi Ebraici, 1 (1934), 105). The work, preserved in three manuscripts, was discovered in the 16th century and first published by P. Pithou (Basel, 1574). Among the principal editions should be mentioned those by Bluhme (Bonnae, 1833), by Mommsen (Berlin, 1890), by Girard (4th ed., Paris, 1913), by Hyamson (Oxford, 1913), and by Baviera (2nd ed., Florence, 1940).
E. Volterra, in: Memorie della Reale Academia Nationale dei Lincei, series 6, vol. 3, fasc. 1 (1930), contains earlier literature; E. Levy, in: Zeitschrift der Savigny Stiftung fuer Rechtsgeschichte (romanistische Abteilung), 50 (1930), 698ff.; G. Scherillo, in: Archivio Giuridoco F. Serafini, 104 (1930), 255ff.; idem, in: Novissimo Digesto Italiano, 3 (1959), 446–8; N. Smits, Mosaicarum et Romanarum Legum Collatio (Dutch, 1934); Schulz, in: Studia et Documenta Historiae et Iuris, 2 (1936), 20–43 (Ger.); idem, in: Symbolae Van Oven (1946), 313–32 (Ger.) A.M. Rabello, in: Scritti sull' Ebraismo in Memoria di G. Bedarida (1966), 177–86; idem, in: RMI, 33 (1967), 339–49, with the most recent literature.
[Alfredo Mordechai Rabello]
Source: Encyclopaedia Judaica. © 2008 The Gale Group. All Rights Reserved.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Can somebody please help me better understand what constant variables can be used for? I am currently on pset3 and i noticed that a constant variable called MAX is used in find.c and gets 65536...but why?? i dont understand what relevance that has to the code, or how it is utilized throughout. Also, there is a variable called INT_MAX and that variable is somehow used to tell a program when to stop asking for input, i dont understand how or why.Please help...and this is my first time using this "forum" so i am sorry if my question or wording isnt right. thanks!
Constant variables, with
const int MAX as an example, the
const means that
MAX will not be modified. It is constant so it must not, and will not be changed. Some reasons for using a
const is; the compiler is forced to throw an exception if you attempt at modifying it, thus catching a bug before you even realize it's there; it also allows the compiler to optimize your code a little better.
That was constants, so now why is it being used in the code, and for what purpose?
65536 is the maximum value an "unsigned short int" can represent, but integers can support up to
2147483647 different values so my assumption is that that using
65536 was just a design decision. Anyways, since
MAX is a maximum it shouldn't change, therefor the variable is promptly declared as a
INT_MAX is a constant defined in
<limits.h> (I think), that simply contains the maximum value of a signed integer
2147483647. So if
straw > INT_MAX bad things will happen because integers aren't that big.
DinosaurCoderSaurus explained to me yesterday that
eof is not a special value such as '\n' or '\0' and others, rather it is just '-1'. You did not mention anything specific nor do I see any mention of it in find.c so I'll leave it at that.
Good question by the way!
Sources and further reading
- https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/296az74e.aspx // min and max values of data types
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/65536_(number)#In_computing // unsigned short int
- http://www.drpaulcarter.com/cs/common-c-errors.php#4.1 // more on eof<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Photo of plastic waste, taken by the Ocean Floor Observation System (OFOS) in the HAUSGARTEN area in July 2012.
Credit: Alfred Wegener Institute
Plastic bags strangling sea sponges. Beer bottles colonized by sea lilies. Such images of ocean pollution aren't usually associated with the remote, icy waters of the Arctic, but snapshots of the seafloor suggest the northern region is becoming increasingly littered with plastic.
Scientists regularly drag an underwater camera just above the sea bed during expeditions to HAUSGARTEN, a deep-sea Arctic observatory in the eastern Fram Strait, between Greenland and Norway's Svalbard archipelago. The photos it takes are usually analyzed for the presence of sea cucumbers, fish, shrimp and other large inhabitants, which could indicate changes in Arctic biodiversity. But the camera sometimes catches unwelcome guests: plastic bags and other trash resting on the seafloor.
"The study was prompted by a gut feeling," said researcher Melanie Bergmann in a statement. "When looking through our images I got the impression that plastic bags and other litter on the seafloor were seen more frequently in photos from 2011 than in those dating back to earlier years. For this reason I decided to go systematically through all photos from 2002, 2004, 2007, 2008 and 2011."
Bergmann, a biologist with the Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, found waste in 1 percent of the pictures from 2002 and 2 percent in the 2011 images, marking a twofold increase over the decade. The sharpest rise in garbage occurred between 2007 and 2011, according to the study of more than 2,000 images.
Two percent is a high figure for a region thought to be one of the most secluded on the planet, the researchers said. Bergmann pointed out that they recorded more garbage in their study than was observed in a deep-sea canyon not far from the industrialized Portuguese capital Lisbon.
Almost 70 percent of the litter in the pictures was in contact with deep-sea organisms, the researchers said, warning that garbage can injure creatures like sea sponges and impair their ability to breathe and absorb food. Moreover, chemicals in plastic can have toxic effects and alter gas exchange on the seafloor.
Plastic even poses a threat when it's no longer visible to the naked eye. Earlier studies have demonstrated how plastic that has broken down into microscopic particles can soak up pollutants such as polychlorinated biphenyls, or PCBs. When ingested by tiny ocean animals, these toxin-loaded plastic particles contaminate the food chain.
On a positive note, waste could provide a good surface for some organisms to latch on to and flourish, but researchers are not sure how this would affect the deep-sea composition of species and biodiversity in the region.
The scientists, whose study appears online this month in the journal Marine Pollution Bulletin, pointed to melting sea ice and increasing ship traffic in the Arctic as possible causes for the rise in plastic.
"The Arctic sea ice cover normally acts as a natural barrier, preventing wind blowing waste from land out onto the sea, and blocking the path of most ships," Bergmann explained. "Ship traffic has increased enormously since the ice cover has been continuously shrinking and getting thinner. We are now seeing three times the number of private yachts and up to 36 times more fishing vessels in the waters surrounding Spitsbergen compared to pre-2007 times."<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>极速体育手机登录-
首都：尤文和迪巴拉正在谈判续约，年薪1000万欧元，到2025年。。
北京时间2月7日，据意大利媒体《全体育新闻》报道，尤文和迪巴拉目前正在谈判续约协议。阿根廷人希望得到1000万欧元的年薪，而尤文希望留住他。在今天的全体育报头版，他们说，根据他们的独家信息，双方正在讨论续约的问题。目前，迪巴拉和尤文的合同将于2022年到期，新合同将延长至2025年。此外，迪米巴拉目前的年薪有望达到1000万欧元，尤文也希望他能留在球队。迪巴拉在2015年夏天加盟尤文。本赛季他为尤文踢了28场比赛，打进11球11助攻。
（科西莫）。。<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>7 Ekim Hamas Saldırısı, İsrail’de Siyasi Krizi Bitirirken, Gazze’deki İsrail Şiddetine Meşruiyet de Sağlayacak
İsrail Neden Hazırlıksız Yakalandı? Bu saldırıyla Hamas, operasyonel açıdan tahmin edilenden daha hırslı ve taktiksel açıdan daha yetenekli olduğunu kanıtladı. İsrail'in bugün yaşadığı kayıplar oransal olarak ABD'nin 11 Eylül'de yaşadığından daha büyük bir darbe olarak nitelendirenler bulunuyor.
7 Ekim 2023 Hamas Saldırısı
İsrail ve Hamas (ve diğer Filistinli militan gruplar) yıllardır Gazze'den roket atışları ve saldırılar düzenliyor, ardından İsrail Gazze Şeridi'ni vurarak karşılık veriyordu. Dün bir anda Hamas, Gazze'de 7 Ekim Cumartesi günü İsrail'e havadan, karadan ve denizden sürpriz ama sonuçları itibariyle katliam gibi, dünya çapında ses getiren bir saldırı düzenledi. Saldırı esnasında İsrail'in güneyinde 198 kişinin öldüğü (250 civarında olduğunu yazanlar da var) ve 1.610 kişinin de yaralandığını ifade ediliyor ama bu sayılar artmaya devam ediyor.
Küçücük bir ülke olan İsrail’in güney kesiminde yaşayan milyonlarca insan, gelen roketlerin yakıcı sesiyle uyandılar. İsrail’in tüm ülke çapında organize ettiği “Hava Taarruzu İkaz Sistemi” çok geç kalmıştı. Sirenler Tel Aviv'in kuzeyine kadar ulaşmış olsa da artık nafileydi. Hamas militanları, Gazze ile İsrail’i ayıran yüksek tahkimatlı çitin bazı kısımlarını havaya uçurmak suretiyle önce korku saldılar. Gazze sınırı boyunca açılan gediklerden, hatta yamaç paraşütleri benzeri görülmemiş sızmalar gerçekleştirdiler. Bu durum, 1980'lerin sonunda Filistinlilerin, Lübnan tarafından İsrail'in kuzeyine yamaç paraşütleriyle geçerek altı İsrail askerini öldürdüğü meşhur saldırıyı hatırlattı.
Hamas militanları ayrıca İsrail tarafına geçerek sivil asker ayrımı olmaksızın şiddet eylemlerine yöneldiler. Örgüt, onlarca subay ve askeri Gazze'ye kaçırdığını, yerleşimleri hâlâ kontrol altında tuttuğunu, Bari ve Ofakim'de ise onlarca kişiyi rehin tuttuğunu söyledi. Yer yer İsrail askerleriyle silahlı çatışmaya girmekten çekinmediler. Bu arada çok sayıda İsrailli esir alındı. Bunların arasında üst düzey İsrailli subaylar da bulunuyor. Hamas, esir aldığı bu İsraillileri Filistinli mahkumlarla takas için kullanması bekleniyor. 2006 yılında kaçırılan İsrail askeri Gilad Şalit’in salıverilmesi için 1.000 kadar Filistinli mahkûm serbest bırakılmıştı.
Dün televizyonlara yansıyan görüntülere göre, Hamas militanları kanlar içindeki İsrailli askerleri yerde sürükledikleri ve bazıları iç çamaşırlarına kadar soyulmuş cesetlerin üzerinde durdukları dehşet verici videolar yayınladı. Bu videolardaki görüntüler İsrail’in Filistinlilere uyguladığı devlet terörünün intikamının alındığı algısına hizmet etti. Şiddet şiddeti doğuruyor olsa eylemi gerçekleştiren Hamas’ı marjinaller hariç kimse alkışlamadı.
Oysa son zamanlarda Gazze sınırı boyunca İsraillilerle Filistinliler arasında gerilim tırmanırken, Hamas şiddetten ziyade siyasi çabalara daha fazla öncelik verdiğini gösteren bir tutum takınmıştı. Hamas, Katar, Mısır ve Birleşmiş Milletler ile yürüttüğü müzakerelerde, İsrail'in 17 yıldır Gazze'ye uyguladığı ablukayı gevşetecek ve halkın Hamas yönetimine yönelik eleştirilerini keskinleştiren mali krizi durdurmaya yardımcı olacak tavizler vermesi için bastırıyordu.
İsrail Neden Hazırlıksız Yakalandı?
Bu saldırıyla Hamas, operasyonel açıdan tahmin edilenden daha hırslı ve taktiksel açıdan daha yetenekli olduğunu kanıtladı. İsrail'in bugün yaşadığı kayıplar oransal olarak ABD'nin 11 Eylül'de yaşadığından daha büyük bir darbe olarak nitelendirenler bulunuyor.
Cumartesi sabahki saldırı; Simchat Torah gününe, bu yılki Tevrat okuma döngüsünün tamamlanmasını kutlayan bir Yahudi bayramında yapıldı. Zamanlama yönüyle,
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utilizzati in tutti i modi come quelli freschi. Giuseppe G.”
I friarielli sono una varietà di broccoli campani, possono essere di tipo dolce e/o amaro, io preferisco quelli amari. Aberto”
Ingredienti aglio olio extra friarielli sale peperoncino
Preparazione Soffriggete aglio con olio extra, appena imbiondito, mettete i friarielli senza scolarli e senza acqua aggiunta, salare e aggiungere del peperoncino, coprire e portare a cottura rigirandoli continuamente eventualmente aggiungere un poco di acqua.
Ingredienti 8/10 foglie di verza 400 gr di salsiccia 2 uova pangrattato 100 gr di parmigiano reggiano stagionato 24/36 mesi sale pepe olio extra vergine d’oliva
Preparazione A piacere eliminate la pelle dalla salsiccia. Tagliate la salsiccia a pezzi. Scottate in acqua bollente le foglie di verza. In una terrina unite uova, pangrattato parmigiano e salsiccia, salate e pepate. Con l’impasto ottenuto farcite le foglie di verza, arrotolate formando degli involtini, chiudetele con uno stuzzicadenti. Mettete gli involtini in una teglia da forno con un filo di acqua e cuocete in forno, aggiungendo se necessario un po’ d’acqua durante la cottura.
Ingredienti 8 foglie di verza piuttosto grandi 250 gr di macinata di manzo 100 gr di mortadella in un’unica fetta 2 uova la mollica di una fetta di pane raffermo 100 gr di parmigiano grattugiato sale noce moscata olio d’oliva
Preparazione Scottate in acqua bollente le foglie di verza. In una terrina sbattete le uova col parmigiano e un pizzico di sale, aggiungete la mollica di pane bagnata e ben strizzata, la mortadella macinata e la carne. Aggiustate di sale, spolverate con la noce moscata e dividete l’impasto ottenuto nelle foglie di verza. Chiudete ogni foglia a involtino, fermatelo con uno stuzzicadenti e cuocete in una teglia antiaderente con poco olio d’oliva per una ventina di minuti, aggiungendo se necessario un po’ d’acqua durante la cottura.
Ingredienti 120 gr di riso 1 piccola verza 100 gr di prosciutto cotto tagliato a julienne 1.2 l di brodo di pollo o vegetale 30 gr di pancetta una cipolla 2 cucchiai d’olio parmigiano grattugiato sale pepe
Preparazione Pulite la verza eliminando le foglie esterne o rovinate, lavatela in acqua corrente e tagliatela a striscioline. Tritate la cipolla insieme alla pancetta, ponete il battuto in una capace casseruola, unite l’olio e lasciate rosolare a fiamma bassa. Successivamente aggiungete la verza, fate insaporire mescolando con cura, lasciate appassire quindi aggiustate di sale e pepe. Coprite con il brodo mescolate bene e fate cuocere incoperchiato per 20 minuti. Scoprite, incorporate il riso e continuata la cottura per latri 10/12 minuti Versate la minestra in una zuppiera, spolverizzatela di parmigiano grattugiato e servitela in tavola accompagnata con la julienne di prosciutto.
“Una ricetta di mia sorella, la fanno in Toscana.” Angelamaria
Ingredienti 650 g di filetto di salmone 2 uova 30 g di farina 1 cipollotto 2 dl di panna fresca 400 g di broccoli 80 g di burro sale pepe
Preparazione Mondtae e tritate il cipollotto, mettetelo in un tegame e fatelo appassire con 20 g di burro. Passate al mixer il salmone in maniera da tritarlo finemente. Poi, sempre nel mixer, unite il cipollotto rosolato, la farina, un uovo intero e un tuorlo. Salate, pepate, mescolate e fate andare l’apparecchio per due minuti. Montate a neve l’albume che avete tenuto da parte, salatelo con un pizzico di sale e, molto delicatamente, unitelo al salmone. Conservate il composto in frigorifero. Private i broccoletti del gambo, divideteli in cimette e lavateli accuratamente. Poi fateli lessare nell’acqua bollente salata per 5 minuti. Scolateli e passateli in padella con il burro avanzato. Salate, pepate e unite la panna. Mescolate e fate cuocere a fiamma moderata per 5 minuti. Mettete sul fuoco una pentola con abbondante acqua salata. Quando bolle, formate gli gnocchi prelevando una cucchiaiata di composto di salmone e, aiutandovi con un altro cucchiaio, lasciatelo cadere nell’acqua a bollore. Cuocete pochi gnocchi per volta perchè, l’acqua non perda il bollore. Scolate gli gnocchi un paio di minuti dopo che saranno venuti a galla e metteteli direttamente nei piatti. Conditeli subito con il sugo di broccoletti e servite.
Ingredienti 1 cavolfiore 150 gr di parmigiano reggiano grattuggiato sale pepe 4 sottilette 50 gr di fontina 200 gr di pancetta affumicata 200 gr di pecorino semi stagionato noce moscata 250 gr di besciamella
Preparazione Lessate il cavolfiore. Scaldate il forno a 180°C. Tagliate a dadini la pancetta ed i formaggi In una terrina unite cavolfiore, pancetta ed i formaggi, salate e pepate, mescolate tutto bene. Ungete una teglia come da vostra abitudine versateci il composto ottenuto stendetelo in modo uniforme. Ricoprite con la besciamella, una gratata di noce moscata. Mettete in forno, cuocete fino a che la bescimella non avrà fatto la crosticina.
Ingredienti fette di pane toscano 1 spicchio d’aglio sale pepe olio foglie del cavolo nero
Preparazione Tostate leggermente le fette di pane toscano sfregatele da ambo le parti con uno spicchio d’aglio salate, pepate cospargetele con l’olio. Mettete sulle fette di pane le foglie del cavolo nero spezzettate e lessate bagnandole con il brodo di cottura.
Ingredienti 1 cavolfiore di circa 700 gr 300 gr di salsiccia 200 gr di olive nere cotte in agliata 1 cucchiaio di olio 1 cipollina fresca (per intenderci, quella con le foglie) 1 cucchiaio di bicarbonato sale
Preparazione Togliete tutte le foglie dalla base del cavolo e lavatelo in acqua corrente, mettete il cavolo in una terrina ricoperto di acqua (per circa mezz’ora) nella quale avete fatto sciogliere un cucchiaio di bicarbonato. Dovendo cuocere il cavolo intero, con il bicarbonato si riesce ad eliminare anche i parassiti interni. Riscaldate in un tegame dai bordi alti l’olio e mettete il cavolo intero a soffriggere, fatte questa operazione a tegame scoperto, quando la base è ben dorata rivoltatelo e fate dorare anche la parte superiore, circa 10 minuti per parte. Ora riposizionate il cavolo con la base nell’olio e fate cuocere per circa 30 minuti e mettere il coperchio al tegame (controllate ogni tanto, se fosse necessario aggiungete qualche cucchiaio di acqua). Salate secondo il vostro gusto, ricordando che la salsiccia e le olive rendono il cavolo saporito, quindi attenzione perchè potreste rischiare di salare troppo il cavolo Trascorsa la mezz’ora aggiungete la salsiccia tagliata a tocchetti, dopo altri 15 minuti aggiungete le olive nere cotte in agliata e la cipollina, cuocete per altri 15 minuti. “Pescate” il cavolo con un mestolo forato (cercate di toglierlo intero, anche l’occhio vuole la sua parte!!!) e mettete in una terrina, versate sopra il cavolo il fondo di cottura.
Ingredienti cavolfiore di media grandezza pangrattato 250 gr di ricotta fresca meglio vaccina o di prcora 4 sottilette sale pepe maggiorana dragoncello
Preparazione Lessate il cavolfiore In una terrina unite cavolfiore, ricotta, sottilettette, sale,pepe, maggiorana e dragoncello, mescolate bene Prendete una teglia imburratela versate il composto stendetelo bene e in modo uniforme, ricoprite con un velo di pangrattato, infornate a 180°C e cuocete fino a che il pane non si sarò abbrustolito
Preparazione Cuocete il cavolfiore in abbondante acqua. A cottura ultimata (non deve essere passato)scolatelo lasciatelo asciugare e raffreddare bene. Passatelo nell’uovo e nella farina Friggeteli in olio bollente. Lasciateli alcuni minuti sulla carta assorbente in modo che perdano un po’ di unto, salateli e serviteli caldi
Ingredienti 1 verza 200 gr di pancetta affumicata 100 gr di asiago 3 sottilette pangrattato olio sale pepe
Preparazione Cuocete in pentola la verza. In padella rosolate la pancetta Quando la verza si sarà cotta e ridotta strizzatela e saltatela in padella con la pancetta, dopo alcuni minuti mettete il tutto in una terrina aggiungete l’asiago e le sottilette tagliati a pezzi mescolate bene. Prendete una teglia imburratela, fate un leggero velo di pangratatto sul fondo, aggiungete il composto livellatelo bene, sopra ricoprite con un velo di pangrattato e infornate, cuocete fino a che il pangrattato non si sarà dorato/abbrustolito
Ingredienti 1 kg di broccoli 100 gr di olive nere 100 gr di pecorino 1 bicchiere e 1/2 di vino rosso 2/3 cucchiai si salsa di pomodoro o 3 pomodir pelati 3 cipollette fresche sale pepe
Preparazione Lavate e tagliate i brocoli, mettete tutto in una casseruola con coperchio, le olive tagliate a pezzi e private del nocciolo, il formaggio a pezzetti, le cipolle lavate e tagliate a rondini, la salsa di pomodoro, sale e pepe e insaporite tutto alla fine con il vino rosso,cuocete a fuoco lento avendo cura di agitare la casseruola evitando di girare il tutto con un cucchiaio, almeno per mezz’ora cucinare il tutto a fuoco lento.
Ingredienti un cavolo intero olive bianche dolci olive nere peperoni sottaceto gialli e rossi tagliati a strisce giardiniera sottaceto filetti di alici salate maionese
Preparazione Eliminate le foglie dal cavolo, pareggiate il torsolo e lasciatelo intero, lavatelo e lessatelo a testa in su in una pentola di misura adeguata per la sua misura. Quando è cotto scolatelo mettetelo in un piatto di portata e fatelo raffreddare. Quando è freddo tutto intorno alla base fate una corona con sbuffi di maionese, con le olive e i sottaceto, abbellite la cupola con le strisce di peperoni i filetti di alici salate, con olive infilzate con stuzzicadenti e con sbuffi di maionese, tutto secondo la propria fantasia. Portate in tavola, ogni commensale ne taglierà un pezzo che condirà a proprio gusto. Prima di mettere il cavolo nell’acqua bollente, gettate di colpo senza spandere, un cucchiaio colmo di farina e lasciatelo appallottolare per qualche attimo, questa operazione serve per assorbire quasi del tutto la puzza del cavolo.
Ingredienti 320 gr di riso 1 cipolla 400 gr di verze sale olio pepe brodo
Preparazione Pelate e tagliate la cipolla. Tagliate la verza. In una pentola in olio, rosolate la cipolla, raggiunta la doratura, aggiungete il riso fate rosolare aggiungete il brodo e terminate la cottura a pochi minuit dal termine aggiungete la verza.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>نشریه میرر انگلیس خبر داد کریستیانو رونالدو یک کپی از توپ طلای ۲۰۱۳ خود را که در موزه اش در مادیرا به حراج گذاشته است.
کریستیانو رونالدو یک ماکت از توپ طلای برنده شده در سال ۲۰۱۳، دومین توپ از پنج برنده خود را به حراج گذاشت که درآمد آن به بنیاد «Make a Wish» که به کودکان مبتلا به بیماری های خاص کمک می کند، اهدا شود.
طبق گزارش The Mirror، ماکت فوق توسط ایدان اوفر، یک مولتی میلیونر به مبلغ ۶۰۰ هزار یورو خریداری شد. رونالدو پنج توپ طلا در سال های ۲۰۰۸، ۲۰۱۳، ۲۰۱۴، ۲۰۱۶ و ۲۰۱۷ کسب کرده است.
ابرستاره پرتغالی ۱۰ روز پیش با گران ترین انتقال تاریخ فوتبال به باشگاه النصر عربستان منتقل شد. رونالدوی ۳۷ ساله به دنبال قهرمانی با النصر در آسیا است.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Although Pakistan has only been independent since 1947, the area of which Pakistan now constitutes has been home to many ancient civilization dating back thousands of years. Makli is an incredible Unesco Heritage site in Pakistan located along the Indus River, where its necropolis has been a pilgrimage site since the mid-14th century and a major burial spot for Arghun, Tarkhan and Mughal dynasty rulers and prominent figures among others. Covering more than 10 sqkm, Makli is one of the world’s largest necropolises, acting as the final resting place of more than half a million people, including kings, queens, saints and scholars. And even though the 14th-century site was inscribed as a Unesco World Heritage Site in 1981 – one of just six in Pakistan – its imposing tombs and intricate artwork are little known to travelers today. The current geopolitical instability of this region of South Asia has contributed to this sites obscurity, but the area remains an important reminder of the many powerful civilizations that have reigned over the Indus Valley.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Diabetic Foot Care (cont.)
- Antibiotics: If the doctor determines that a wound or ulcer on the patient's feet or legs is infected, or if the wound has high a risk of becoming infected, such as a cat bite,antibiotics will be prescribed to treat the infection or the potential infection. It is very important that the patient take the entire course of antibiotics as prescribed. Generally, the patient should see some improvement in the wound in two to three days and may see improvement the first day. For limb-threatening or life-threatening infections, the patient will be admitted to the hospital and given IV antibiotics. Less serious infections may be treated with pills as an outpatient. The doctor may give a single dose of antibiotics as a shot or IV dose prior to starting pills in the clinic or emergency department.
- Referral to wound care center: Many of the larger community hospitals now have wound care centers specializing in the treatment of diabetic lower extremity wounds and ulcers along with other difficult-to-treat wounds. In these multidisciplinary centers, professionals of many specialties including doctors, nurses, and therapists work with the patient and their doctor in developing a treatment plan for the wound or leg ulcer. Treatment plans may include surgical debridement of the wound, improvement of circulation through surgery or therapy, special dressings, and antibiotics. The plan may include a combination of treatments.
- Referral to podiatrist or orthopedic surgeon: If the patient has bone-related problems, toenail problems, corns and calluses, hammertoes, bunions, flat feet, heel spurs, arthritis, or have difficulty with finding shoes that fit, a physician may refer you to one of these specialists. They create shoe inserts, prescribe shoes, remove calluses and have expertise in surgical solutions for bone problems. They can also be an excellent resource for how to care
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to try to perfect technology would be quite a safe undertaking. But wherever there is something lifeless, there is also something alive. Nowhere is death to be found without the connotation of life, since the one is meaningless and inconceivable without the other. That is the reason why everything mechanical cuts deeply into life. No matter where in nature technology applies its mechanisms and its organization it simultaneously organizes the resistance against its own compulsion, and the force of this resistance hits man with hammer-like precision, with the balancing exactness of a pendulum in those clockworks that measure lifeless time. As the ancients said: Generally the demons are asleep; he who makes bold to arouse them must first enter into their sphere. If we adopt this view, there is no doubt that today the demons are wide
awake. In view of this fact, anxiety and fear of destruction darken the spirit of modern man. He feels it in his nerves for they have become more sensitive, a phenomenon which is closely related with certain perfections of technology. Living as he does with the premonition of impending catastrophe, modern man is scared by any unfamiliar noise. For when our reason becomes helpless, it circles closer and closer around the catastrophe. The catastrophe is the event that obsesses the human mind when that mind no longer sees a way out, when it surrenders to fear instead of using its wits. This is why theories of catastrophe and their spokesmen crop up everywhere today. They mask their mental despair with doctrines of impending ice ages or cataclysmic floods. They have the moon fall up on the earth; they predict the end of civilization, and assert that the next war will mean the end of everything. In reality, however, nothing is at an end; only, they are at the end of their wits and therefore are plunging themselves into despair. The world catastrophe is an imaginary event projected into the future by a mind that has become helpless. Of course, it is certain that we must all die, and one does not need to be a prophet to forecast great upheavals and changes in the future. But then the power of death is manifested only in relation to life. At all times there has existed an exact relation between that actual destruction and what is ripe for destruction. And this is a state of affairs that human efforts cannot change. As was already mentioned, progress of science and exactitude of scientific knowledge are possible only on the basic assumption that the laws of nature with which the scientist must work are unalterable. The experiment would lose all authority for him if it could not be repeated ad infinitum, if the once-established answer to a given question would not always remain the same. Scientific knowledge progresses by means of a dead and rigid medium, and science also ages along with this knowledge. It moves toward a strict mechanism, which repeats all motion uniformly. The world is a machine, man an automaton. The machine which the technician designs just imitates this universal machine, this super-engine which serves as prime mover for all those pistons, wheels, drive chains, power belts, and turnstiles
with which the works of technology are built. The science which is coordinate to technology is causal; it stems from whatever insights we have been able to gain into the causal mechanism of nature. As this knowledge expands and produces great works, it becomes increasingly evident how this knowledge moves inescapably along the tracks which mechanical thinking has laid out for it. For technical progress, by its very nature, leads to that complete mechanization which subjects the individual to the selfsame compulsion. Lifeless time comes to the fore. Life becomes subservient to a ubiquitous automatism that regulates it. Science may be likened to a huge monastery, the innumerable cells of which are cubicles for men to work in. True, it is not a convent of devotees preparing themselves for heaven. Likewise, these men are not bound to celibacy. Yet, it cannot be denied that in the passion of science's devotees, there lies something ascetic, monkish, a certain sterility of the carnal man. The world of science is a hierarchy of those who are the fathers of its great ideas; as such it is inviolably male in character. All rational thinking, if traced to its origin, goes back to a male. Hence, not only scientific thinking but also technical thinking is essentially paternalistic. With his great respect for ideas, the scientist wants to establish and to secure their paternity, and this is one more reason why he lives in a paternalistic hierarchy. In whatever field the rationality of science may be active, it is always a causal rationality. He who is not able to think rationally and causally cannot be an exact scientist. That is why women are largely excluded from science; they have no business there. The women who do penetrate the scientific work cell are like sexless toilers in a beehive. Of course, there are some scientifically minded bluestockings, as well as those who ride in on the coattails of man. But, contrary to the beehive, the worker here is the exception, not the rule. The saying, Mulier taceat in ecclesia ("Women shall remain silent in church") applies to science also. Everything matriarchal is far removed from science and has to be kept away from it, because if female thinking were ever to gain the upper hand, it would destroy science itself; it would break the power of rational thinking. Women as a rule are not scientifically creative, neither are they inventors; our technology is not of their making.
Women are not of that gadgeteering species to which the technician belongs. Nor are they mechanics, fit servants for the machine. Technical progress, which favors the emancipation of woman in order to absorb her as a worker in its organization, not only robs her of her womanly power, it also impairs her in her deepest purpose. The sight of women employed in technical activities always has something incongruous about it. Lawrence rightly says that one leaves woman behind when one goes to the machine. And indeed, why should women be tinkering with machines? Their forte lies in quite another direction. Women pre-eminently belong to the life-giving side of existence, whereas the machines confront us with a dead world of sterile, sexless automatons. The machine is not animated matter like the golem of the Jewish saga. It is not clay enlivened by a learned rabbi's magic, nor is it a man-made spirit, a homunculus. It is a dead automaton, a robot, untiringly and uniformly repeating the selfsame operation. It is as rational as a mechanism can be, and the mechanical precision with which it works presupposes a mind working with mechanical exactness, such as has been described by Baudelaire in a bitter verse well applicable to the technician: Cette crapule invulnérable Comme les machines de fer, Famais, ni l'été ni l'hiver, N'a connu l'amour véritable. As this investigation is coming to a close, let us take one last look at the symbolic myth of Prometheus. The view which ancient myths hold of man as a gadgeteer is decidedly unfavorable. It would be even more adverse to the modern man of high explosives and the internal combustion engine. Prometheus, we remember, the wisest of the Titans, makes himself the protector of man the maker of things, but in his revolt against the gods he fails. It is a trait of deepest significance that Prometheus has to steal the fire from the gods, and that it is precisely this theft that provokes their wrath against Titans and men. What kind of fire is it that he brings to earth in a tinder tube, in the hollow stem of a sunflower? The myth is vague about the place where he
stole it, but the vessel he used gives us a hint that this fire did not stem from the smithy of Hephaistos but from the sun – that what Prometheus stole was part of the great sun-fire. What is the meaning of the theft? Without sun-fire life is unthinkable. The wrath of the gods, then, cannot have been provoked by the fact that Prometheus had tried to bring this fire to man as a life-giving element, for as a life-giving element the sun had always come to man; there was no need to steal it. No! the wrath of the gods was provoked by something very different, namely, by the enslavement of the sacred fire which Prometheus dared to perpetrate. This was an act of desecration, a most dangerous undertaking. The reason why this theft has fascinated the human mind so strongly and so long lies in those sacred, hallowing, purifying, atoning powers of the flame. Our modern engines are not powered directly by solar heat. Perhaps it is significant that the many attempts made to harness the sun's energy directly for the production of steam, for instance, have so far failed. What our technology robs and exploits is the stores where solar energy slumbers in transmuted forms, like coal and oil which are saturated with solar fire. The fire of the smithy, the first fire of technology thus stems from the earth. Alchemy later symbolized the spirit of that fire in the "salamander." It is earth-fire from which and with which technology starts out. From its very beginning it makes that fire subservient by building apparatuses which in one way or another are fire-operated. Our whole technical personnel has branched out from the blacksmiths. From them came the locksmiths and then, in the early ages of technical specialization, all those technical workers whose number today is legion. Today lives an iron race, They never rest in the daytime From the work's weight and from woe, They rest not at night. - Hesiod. Hephaistos himself is a patron of man, the maker. He is as sooty, sweaty, and pale as are all smiths, whose skin turns pale under the radiation of the
flames. Why does he limp, why does Wayland the Smith limp? And why is the smith's craft taught by dwarfs, deformed and crippled creatures? Because their relation to the treasures of the chasms, and caves, bowels of the mountains where the metals slumber, was of old considered unlawful and sacrilegious. Why is it that an ancient awe attaches to the art of metal working? Why have the myths so many evil deeds and disasters to report in connection with this craft, ever since the days of Daedalus? The gods manifestly do not love man the maker; they oppose him violently at times, while at other times they suffer him as a half-burlesque figure by their side, like Hephaistos. They beat down the revolt and the presumption of the Titans. But all technology is of titanic mold, and man the maker, is always of the race of the Titans. And so we meet him first of all in volcanic landscapes. From his titanic kinship stems his love for the enormous, the gigantic, the colossal; his delight in towering works that impress by their quantity and mass, the vastness of their piled-up matter. That trait, incidentally, explains why man the technician so often lacks a sense of beauty and proportion; he is not an artist. The myth of the Battle of the Titans and the myth of Prometheus tell us how the Greeks, the most artistic of all peoples, the familiars of beauty's golden rule, overcame the temptation to ally themselves with the Titans. And there can be no doubt that this myth once and for all described the comparatively modest role of the machine in antiquity. His restless industry, his busy activity, his eccentric thirst for power make man the gadgeteer hateful to the gods. The majesty of Zeus is fullness of being, quiescent strength. The strength of Prometheus, in contrast, lies in rebellious upheaval, in the urge to cast Zeus from his golden throne, to drive out all gods, and to make himself master of the world. Symbolically speaking, the technician is crippled in his mind also. He is one-eyed like all Cyclopes. His empiricism alone indicates this. He is not bothered by the question where ultimately his efforts lead. His factualness consists precisely in avoiding this question, because it lies outside the realm
of his work. We can expect from him technical thoughts, the kind which specialized knowledge can produce, but we must not expect from him any wisdom outside of the technical field. His preoccupation with facts not only prevents him from thinking about himself; it also blocks his approach to that more spiritual wisdom which cannot be reduced to mechanics. Still, his striving for power has limits that we can define, since we can delimit the zones wherein the present, near perfect, technology is effective. The pillage which is inseparable from its reckless and ruthless squandering of men and material cannot be continued for long. It ends with the exhaustion of those stores whereon this consuming technical progress rests. We often meet a tendency to represent these stores as inexhaustible, but such assertions are contradicted by the rationalism of exploitation. For this rationalization is the best yardstick for the decrease in natural wealth.12 All calculations concerning subterranean reserves are somewhat questionable , and they remain questionable even if the figures as such are beyond a doubt. For what all these statistics disregard is the fact that among the resources consumed by technical progress are the human resources. They fail to consider the limits of technological expansion, limits which are set by destructive forces, which rise against man and his works in the same degree as these elemental forces get harnessed in our engines. They forget, finally, that human organization is closely linked to the existence of unorganized wealth, that is, we organize for the uses of such wealth. Once, however, the unorganized wealth nears exhaustion, human organization sickens, becomes an end in itself, grows cancerously and without bounds; in the end it destroys all that is not organized. No human invention could possibly abolish the reciprocity between mechanical progression and elemental regression. With this reciprocity in mind, we hold a yardstick by which to measure those high hopes and expectations which are currently placed in new and unheard-of mechanical inventions. One of these is the claim that technical progress will, for instance, by atomic fission, supply man with energies of unfathomable scope, that man will succeed in tapping elemental powers far beyond anything hitherto known. Hopes for the harnessing of such powers are
perhaps not utopian. What is completely utopian is the naive optimism on which such speculations are based, and the innocence with which they are proffered. Is there anything man should fear more, anything that could become more terrible than that such discoveries and inventions should achieve success? What possibilities for destruction open up where such inventions are made!13 Science fiction, for which this kind of invention is a favorite, usually presents us with some noble hero who uses the new power for the benefit of all mankind. Even if this were so, what could be more abhorrent than the idea that the use of such an invention depended upon the will of one single being? Should we not have to fear him, however noble he might be, far more than the most vicious and inhuman criminal? To place such powers in the hands of one man is a thought more inhuman than any human crime. Technology's striving for power is unbroken. Daily we observe how its spearheads are driving farther, and how its organizations are constantly spreading out. In the course of this offensive drive, relations change between technology and the state. The state itself is now conceived by technology as an organization which must be brought to perfection, which must be controlled by a perfect automatism. The technician asserts that the state can properly fulfill its tasks only when it becomes organized on a completely technical basis, when the idea of the state and its purpose are organized into a centralized functionalism, an all-embracing machine which nothing escapes. But precisely this definition annihilates the very essence of the state. For, indispensable to the state is that which is not state, and can never become state. This something by which alone the state can be a state is the people. The people may well be conceived as the carriers of the state; there are all kinds of relationships between the governed and their government, but never can the people be the state itself. The very idea of the state is null and void once this basis collapses whereon the state is built. The technical organization of the whole people to the point where no sector of life remains unorganized, in the end brings the downfall of that state.
Rationalization is here understood as the organization of a business or industry, or the orderly division and subdivision of a system or process, to avoid waste, to simplify procedure, and to coordinate various parts, etc.; all primarily to effect a saving of time and money. In many instances in this work, the term is almost synonymous with mechanization. It was a muchused word and concept in Germany in the 1920's, when admiration for American production-line methods was widespread, and Henry Ford's autobiography sold by the hundred of thousands [Editor's note]. 1
The second main theorem of thermodynamics, the law of entropy, tells us that heat can be converted into work only to a limited extent. Thus, the designer of a machine never gets beyond the degree of efficiency of Carnot's cycle. 2
The zipper is an example of a method of mechanical opening and closing. The royalties which the clever inventor derives from his invention are calculated in inches. 3
One has to make a distinction between the kind of work that is done with the help of a mechanism, and the work that is done automatically, by a mechanism. The first demands manipulation, to an extent continuous, to an extent supplementary to the work of the mechanism – much like the manipulation of a tool. The second requires only control of the mechanism by the human hand. This distinction becomes quite clear when we compare the bicyclist and the automobile driver. The bicycle is one of those almost perfect mechanisms that can hardly be improved upon, and that as a mechanical tool must be operated continuously. For this reason it is well adapted to the human body: the handlebars correspond to arms and hands, the pedals to the feet, and it is entirely controlled by the balance of the human body. The motor cycle merely uses the form of the bicycle, modifying it more and more, because it is propelled not by continuous manipulation but by a mechanism that performs controlled automatic work. The evolution of the automobile begins with the introduction of the motor 4
into the readymade form of the horse-drawn carriage. Later, it goes on to the construction of a body especially designed for the motor. Now there is no longer any correspondence between the human body and the mechanically accomplished work. Those adaptations of the automobile body to the human body that still exist have no longer any relation to the work performed. Montesquieu' s doctrine of the separation of powers, which demands a separate bureaucracy for the legislative, the executive, and the judicial branches, and which declares the law to be binding on the executive and judicial branches (De l'esprit des lois, 1748), has found acceptance in the constitutions of the nineteenth century. The German "Law on the organization of Courts," of January 27, 1877 recognizes it in paragraph one: "The power of jurisdiction is exercised by independent tribunals subject only to the law." Rules of this sort, like many others, have a meaning which is forgotten sooner than the rule itself. To Montesquieu, the meaning of such rules is to limit the power of governmental authority, of the absolute monarch and his cabinet courts. But we live no longer in those days – today we are moving in quite another direction. 5
While writing these
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26日向GujaratCMVijayRupani提交一份备忘录，其中包含将在全州Azadi”活动期间收集的人员的要求。
替补席说，为了保证父亲的空间在发布的新证书中留空。原子能机构，从规定的42个战斗机下降到34个作战中队，迫切需要阵风飞机来弥合本土轻型战斗机Tejas之间的作战差距。
大多数银行尚未通过印度储备银行降低关键利率50个基点。
被告的妻子搬到她父母家的Tangitehsil，并了解到他们的女婿父亲和兄弟的谋杀案。胎盘细胞形成微小的指状突起，称为绒毛，含有胎儿毛细血管，与母体血液接触，吸收氧气和营养物质，并清除废物。
报告还指出，大学内部至少发生过6起爆炸事件。
相关文章孟买：Delisle桥梁拆除招标今日可澳门新葡京娱乐能会浮动Jindal钢铁和电力袋合同向印度铁路供应97,400吨铁路Bhandup的水处理厂获得太阳能发电装置2年绿色电站：中西部铁路公司每年节省30亿卢比太阳能DEMU列车开始滚动：这是印度铁路公司将在孟买投入多少：Matunga车间用于挖掘太阳能用于能源需求我们已经确定了在整个印度铁路采购1000兆瓦太阳能的目标。官员说，1986年，孟买大学已经给了它一部分Kalina的校园土地到州政府，条件是在部分土地上建造中央图书馆。
正是GNA准备了这次访问，包括在机场的协议和酒店预订，哈立德说。英国首相特丽莎梅一直明白她想要一项法案，让她有权与欧盟发起正式的离婚谈判。
该网站还将容纳大学和英镑;6000万城市科学大楼，40万国家老龄化创新中心，以及3000万国家数据创新中心和英镑;2000万国家能源系统集成中心。全球每年有超过30万人怀孕受到NTDs的影响。根据一项同行评审的研究，在使用动物胰腺细胞的早期实验室研究中，称为花青素的化学物质使胰岛素产量增加了50％，该研究计划于1月5日出版的美国化学学会农业与食品杂志上发表。
我们发现，关于患者的护理人员或环境可以触发或影响这些症状，宾夕法尼亚州立大学护理学教授Ann Kolanowski说。利雅得呼吁对阿萨德采取果断和严肃的立场。
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随着中国相关部门开始放宽旅行限制，荷兰皇家航空将于2020年8月27日起恢复杭州航线的客运航班服务，由波音777-300ER（及B777-200）机型执飞，往返都将经停韩国首尔。荷航将在中国大陆与荷兰之间每周执飞2个客运航班，其中上海（PVG）-阿姆斯特丹史基浦航线每周执飞1个客运航班。
6月26日，中国东方航空（MU）向美国交通运输部提交了2020年夏航季以及冬航季航班计划的申请。
欢迎您与我们沟通<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Static of Rigid Bodies
Balance Nine Nails on One
Ask students if they can balance 10 nails on the head of the 1 nail in the block. Then show them how. Lay 1 nail down, then place 4 on each side perpendicular to the 1 and their head up next to the nail. Then place the last nail running in the opposite direction to the original nail on top of the 8 nail heads to hold them down. Pick up the "contraption" by both ends pinching the ends to hold the 8 nail heads between the long nails. Place them symmetrically on the head of the blocked nail. They should balance steadily.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>WTF?! Long-distance relationships often fail due to the lack of intimacy between couples. But a new device from China tries to address this issue (somewhat) by allowing people to send simulated kisses to each other – or total strangers. And yes, it is very weird.
Designed by a group of students from the Changzhou Vocational Institute of Mechatronic Technology in eastern China’s Jiangsu province, the device consists of a pair of silicon lips that simulate the pressure, movement, and heat of a kisser’s lips. This information is sent to another machine in a different location, replicating the kiss.
The system works by pairing the device with a phone app and plugging it into a handset’s charging port. Once the app is partnered with someone else, kisses can be uploaded and sent to the far-away lover. It can even replicate the sounds, so maybe don’t use it while eating a bowl of hot soup.
Remote kissing device for long-distance lovers, invented and patented by Chinese university student in Changzhou City.
The mouth-shaped module, served as an inducing area for lovers to make the kiss and then it can transfer kiss gesture to the “mouth” on the other side. pic.twitter.com/5i2ogMiUXe
— China in Pictures (@tongbingxue) February 22, 2023
The kissing machine isn’t just designed for those in long-distance relationships. While the app can only pair up one sender and one receiver at a time (to promote monogamous relationships, according to the creator) and requires the consent of both parties, it also has a “kiss square” feature. This lets random people with one of the devices download and experience kisses from others, possibly helping singletons find someone.
The man who claims to have invented the kissing machine said he thought of the idea after engaging in a long-distance relationship with his now ex-girlfriend for seven years. He also believes the device could help those with oral infectious diseases.
Reports of the device have brought a mixed reception on social media. Some say it is creepy and bizarre, while others are asking where they can get one – a pair of machines can be bought for 550 yuan, or around $81, from Chinese e-tailer Taobao. There are also a few complaints about it not having a tongue. And questions over what else people might use it for.
This isn’t the first device that simulates kisses between users. The Imagineering Institute in Malaysia launched the Kissinger in 2016, a phone-connected holster with a pad that user kissed to replica the experience on another Kissinger. The Chinese version is slightly more lifelike, though.
h/t: South China Morning Post<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>هوش مصنوعی را می توان به عنوان فناوری شبیه سازی هوش انسانی تعریف کرد. در دنیای واقعی، هوش مصنوعی شامل زیرمجموعه هایی مانند یادگیری ماشینی یا پردازش زبان طبیعی است. امروزه این فناوری در بسیاری از زمینه ها به ویژه در توسعه و فرآیندهای کسب و کار نقش مهم و موثری دارد. یکی از این موقعیت ها تاثیرات هوش مصنوعی بر ERP در زمینه کسب و کار است.
کسب و کارها باید از قابلیت ها و فناوری های پیشرفته تری در برنامه ریزی منابع سازمانی خود برای غنی سازی محیط های تجاری خود استفاده کنند. به لطف ترکیب هوش مصنوعی و ERP، سازمان ها می توانند مدل های کسب و کار خود را بهینه کرده و هزینه های عملیاتی را کاهش دهند. راه حل های هوش مصنوعی می توانند وظایف معمول و برخی از فرآیندهای انجام شده توسط انسان را بر عهده بگیرند و همچنین توانایی های افراد و بهره وری شرکت را افزایش دهند. علاوه بر این، راه حل های هوش مصنوعی می توانند تراکنش ها را یاد بگیرند، بخوانند، پاسخ دهند، پیش بینی کنند و اجرا کنند.
ترکیب هوش مصنوعی با erp
به طور کلی می توان گفت که ترکیب هوش مصنوعی و ERP از اهمیت بالایی برخوردار است. زیرا کسب و کارها به راه حل هایی نیاز دارند که آنها را قادر به انجام عملیات موثر و مقرون به صرفه، مدیریت داده ها و ارائه اطلاعات برای ایجاد یک تجربه کاربری عالی کند. بنابراین، آنها باید استراتژی های فناوری فعلی خود را ارزیابی کرده و خود را با این فناوری پیشرفته تطبیق دهند.
در زیر برخی از اثرات هوش مصنوعی بر ERP را بررسی کرده ایم:
ارائه بینش عمیق تر در مورد داده ها
مدیریت انبار
مدیریت مالی بهینه
خدمات مشتری
بهینه سازی منابع انسانی
اتوماسیون فروش
بینش عمیق تری در مورد داده ها ارائه دهید
در یک مجموعه داده معین، مانند مجموعه داده عظیم در ERP، گاهی اوقات الگوها و همبستگی هایی وجود دارد که برای چشم انسان نامرئی و غیرقابل تشخیص است. با استفاده از هوش مصنوعی، SMEها می توانند چنین روندها و الگوهایی را شناسایی کنند و در مورد عملیات تجاری خاص خود نتیجه گیری های روشنگری بگیرند. این امکان پیش بینی دقیق تر و تصمیم گیری آگاهانه تر را فراهم می کند.
به عنوان مثال، یک سیستم مبتنی بر هوش مصنوعی می تواند رابطه بین افزایش یا کاهش تولید و یک عملکرد تجاری خاص در مدیریت زنجیره تامین را شناسایی کند. زمان زیادی طول می کشد تا انسان ها به چنین بینش هایی دست یابند.
اثرات هوش مصنوعی بر erp
مدیریت انبار
هوش مصنوعی و یادگیری ماشینی میتوانند صدها مدل پیشبینی و احتمالات تقاضا را تا حد امکان دقیق آزمایش کنند و به طور خودکار با متغیرهای مختلف مانند عرضه محصول جدید، اختلالات زنجیره تامین یا تغییرات ناگهانی در تقاضا سازگار شوند. با استفاده از سیستم های هوش مصنوعی می توان هر قطعه را از تولید قطعه اول تا مونتاژ و ارسال به مشتری نهایی را بررسی و رهگیری کرد.
مدیریت مالی بهینه
یکی از تاثیرات هوش مصنوعی بر ERP مدیریت مالی بهینه است. ربات ها می توانند وظایف حسابداری و مالی تکراری را به عهده بگیرند. هوش مصنوعی می تواند تراکنش ها را ببندد و فرآیندهای ماهانه، فصلی و پایان سال را خودکار کند. علاوه بر این، AL موجودی حساب ها را بین سیستم های مختلف مستقل مقایسه می کند و صحت اظهارات و گزارش ها را بررسی می کند. با یادگیری ماشینی، روباتها میتوانند از ورودیهای مختلف انسانی برای به دست آوردن نتایج بهتر و انطباق با الگوهای رفتاری مختلف متخصصان حسابداری استفاده کنند.
خدمات مشتری
راهحلهای هوش مصنوعی میتوانند به وضوح تاریخچه خدمات مشتری را درک کنند و رباتهای گفتگو را قادر میسازند سریعتر و مؤثرتر پاسخ دهند. ترکیب داده ها در بخش های مرتبط با مشتری با نمای کلی مشتری، خدمات مشتری را بهبود می بخشد. هنگامی که مشتریان به خدمات میدانی نیاز دارند، یک راه حل هوش مصنوعی می تواند از مجموعه مهارت ها و بخش های لازم برای کمک به برنامه ریزی و زمان بندی تماس های خدمات استفاده کند.
همانطور که می دانید هوش مصنوعی فناوری است که رفتار انسان را شبیه سازی می کند و با رفتار و واکنش های انسان آشنا می شود تا به این نتیجه برسد که چگونه فرآیند زندگی انسان را بهینه کنیم. طراحی و تولید این فناوری و خدمات شرکت هوش مصنوعی شامل مواردی از جمله توصیه های غذایی به بستگان بیمار و بهبود عملکرد مالی است. از جمله کاربردهای هوش مصنوعی در مدیریت منابع انسانی، برخی از انتظارات متخصصان منابع انسانی، استخدام و پذیرش سازمانی، تجربه کارکنان، بهبود فرآیند و اتوماسیون اداری است.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Peer pressure, bullying, cheating - these typical schoolyard stresses test a child's moral and ethical fiber. To help children grapple with these issues, many schools incorporate character education into the curriculum. Often, these lessons come from classroom slogans and informal discussions. But in Colorado, one elementary school provides a formal ethics class for children as young as six.
After the 10-year-olds in this 5th grade class greet their teacher, they gather around a parent volunteer for their weekly lesson in ethics.
"I don't think they're too young, and I've been teaching these classes, the same subjects to first graders," says Denver attorney Michael Sabbeth, who has been teaching ethics at Cherry Creek Hills Elementary School for over a decade, ever since his oldest child was in first grade here.
He worked with school administrators and psychologists to develop his ethics curriculum, and says that while a six-year-old may not grasp this subject with the understanding of a Harvard graduate student, children still benefit from these discussions. "They want to learn. They want to be challenged," he says. "They want to know and they want to think. And as much as anything they want to be respected. And they want to be heard, and they want to be acknowledged."
Whether he's teaching first or fifth graders, Mr. Sabbeth strives to make the lessons understandable, while exercising the children's reasoning powers. For instance, he's introduced concepts such as autonomy and the sanctity of life to this 5th grade class. His students also talk about a list of seven ethical principals that all begin with the letter, "C."
Student: "Like the seven C's, that's what Mr. Sabbeth calls them. It's about character, choices, compassion, consequence, courage and com-pen-tence?"
There's also conscience, and Mr. Sabbeth is helping these children develop a personal conscience through examples such as the true story of New Yorker, Kitty Genovese. "Kitty Genovese, when like, in 1964, she got attacked and nobody helped her, and we talked about how someone should have called or helped her," says a student.
The children explain that Kitty Genovese's attacker was able to stab her to death because of her neighbors' fear of getting involved. "She was screaming for help and no one came to help her at all," says one of the students.
They say Kitty Genovese's neighbors lacked the competence, compassion and courage to protect what they're learning is the "sanctity" of life. "Well, sanctity of life is like saying if you hurt somebody, you know, that's being cruel, like you know, about Kitty Genovese, the story, that's mean because they didn't help her at all," says a student.
But the children are also learning that it's possible to be ethical without putting themselves in danger.
"It means to protect yourself from danger and to help other people!
For instance, Mr. Sabbeth suggests that tossing a floating object to a drowning man could be an ethical decision, since this action can often save someone struggling in the water. But if that doesn't help, should a child jump in?
Sabbeth: "What kind of person should do that? Not a child, right, Adam?"
Student: "Someone who is experienced with swimming, and knows what they're doing."
Sabbeth: "Yes, yes. Trained! Yes!"
So racing to get a lifeguard would be both an ethical and safe choice for a child. In the same way, it would have endangered a child to confront Kitty's attacker alone. But a youngster could have been safe and helpful by quickly phoning the police, instead of waiting for half an hour, as Kitty Genovese's neighbors did. "We wouldn't have gone out there and helped her, but maybe we would have called the police," says one girl. "Cause they got there in two minutes, but by the time they got there, she was dead."
While the children love to talk about these stories, Mr. Sabbeth encourages them to remember a larger goal.
Student: "To make choices?"
Sabbeth: "Well, sure, ultimately to teach you how to make better choices. Yeah. Okay."
To give the kids more practice understanding the consequences of the choices they make, Mr. Sabbeth shares a story about a woman who comes upon thousands of starfish, washed up on the sand. She realizes that the starfish will die unless they're returned to the sea. As she starts throwing as many as she can back into the ocean, a jogger comes along and questions her. "He says, 'Why bother? You can't save 'em all. What difference does it make?' And she says, 'Well, it makes a difference to the ones I save.' Okay. What's the story about?," Mr. Sabbeth asks.
The children lean forward in their seats, hands waving.
Student: "What if those starfish were people, and some person walked up and said, what are you doing?"
Sabbeth: "What story does this remind you of? What did we read recently, you little angels? Which one?"
Some kids mention Hans Christian Anderson's story of the little match girl, and how she might not have frozen to death if even one person had bought a match, so that she could return home with money and avoid a beating. Mr. Sabbeth congratulates them for understanding that buying one single match is like saving one starfishit still might make a difference. Then a boy tentatively raises his hand.
Student: "It's almost like September 11, like, if you think about the firemen, they obviously couldn't save everyone in the whole building."
Sabbeth: "Oh, fabulous, Nick."
Student: "But the ones that they save, they get to live."
Sabbeth: "That is absolutely brilliant, Nicky. Good job. That's one of the best comments all year."
When Mr. Sabbeth's hour with these students ends, he goes back to work as a trial attorney, the kids head to art class, and their teacher reflects on the value of ethics instruction. "I want them to be good thinkers, and I also want them to be good leaders that have a strong moral base. And I think this is where it's going to come from."
Over the years, Michael Sabbeth has reached more than 500 students through his ethics classes. He plans to continue his volunteer work as he completes a book about how to teach moral principles to children.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>JFFCC72EHL | JennAir Rise 36 '23.8 مس ft. Counter Depth
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بود. رهبران جدید در مورد وخامت شرایط با صراحت بی سابقه ای سخن می گفتند. این امر بیشتر ناشی از بدی شرایط کشور بود، تا مردم را به حمایت هر چه جدی تر از برنامه های اصلاحی خود، در برابر مقاومت های دیوانسالاران و نومنکلاتورا برانگیزند. به نظر رهبران جدید برای رویارویی با شرایط بحرانی، که به نظر آن ها ناشی از عملکرد دوران برژنف (به بیان آنان دوران رکود) بود، تنها سیاست های جدید و بهتر کافی نبود، بلکه تصمیم جدی و قاطع برای ایجاد دگرگونی های اساسی در نظام اتحاد شوروی ضروری بود. برخی از شوروی شناسان چون سویرین بایلر این بحران را بحران کارایی میخواندند.
2 ـ ضرورت های اقتصادی
گورباچف در نشست عمومی کمیتهٔ مرکزی (پلنوم) حزب کمونیست اتحاد شوروی در فوریه 1988، به روشنی علل اقتصادی برنامهٔ اصلاحات را برشمرد. وی گفت در بیست سال گذشته (دوران برژنف، آندروپوف و چرنینکو) درآمد ملی کشور، غیر از درآمدهای مربوط به الکل، به هیچوجه افزایش نداشته است. مدل استالینی اقتصاد سبب موفقیت هایی در روند صنعتیکردن کشور شده بود. در این راستا توسعهٔ صنایع سنگین و قدرت نظامی ـ از اولویت مطلق برخوردار بود، ولی تولید کالاهای مصرفی و نیاز به فناوری پیشرفته، مستلزم رهیافت جدید در همهٔ زمینه های فعالیت های اجتماعی و نیز اقتصاد بود. هراس بلشویک ها از جهان خارج و توطئه های امپریالیستی استقرار مدل استالینی را موجه ساخته بود.
از دیدگاه گورباچف، این مدل سبب از میان رفتن خلاقیت ها و ابتکارها شده بود و در واقع تداوم یک اقتصاد جنگی بود. او بحثی را شروع کرد که در سراسر دوران زمامداری او در مباحث اقتصادی اتحاد شوروی جای گرفت. از اوایل دهه (1970) آشکار شد که مدل رشد گستردهبا محدودیت های جدی روبهرو شده است. مسائل مهمی چون کاهش درصد سرمایه گذاری در مجموع تولید ناخالص ملی (GNP) به سهم خود سبب تقویت گرایش به رکود شد. مسائل عظیم زیربنایی اقتصادی غیرقابل انکار بود. برای نمونه، 20 درصد از محصولات کشاورزی و بیش از نیمی از سبزی ها و میوه ها قبل از ورود به بازارهای اتحاد شوروی از میان می رفت، زیرا جاده ها و وسایل حمل و نقل مناسب برای انتقال آن ها وجود نداشت. رهبری سیاسی اتحاد شوروی حتی پیش از گورباچف دریافته بود، برای ادامهٔ استراتژی رشد گسترده باید عوامل زیر را مورد توجه قرار دهد:
1) کارایی کار و سرمایه از راه پیشرفت فناوری و ایجاد انگیزهٔ بیشتر،
2) کاهش هزینه های نسبی تولید،
3) صرفه جویی در مواد و انرژی،
4) بهبود بخشیدن به کیفیت تولید و ساختن زیربناهای لازم اقتصادی.
بنابراین گورباچف و اصلاح طلبان پیش از کسب قدرت، ویژگی های نامطلوب اقتصاد کشور را دریافته بودند. آن ها پس از به دست آوردن قدرت، به زودی متوجه شدند که با یک بحران اقتصادی بنیادی روبهرو هستند. به این ترتیب دگرگونی اساسی در اقتصاد و سیاست را مورد توجه قرار دادند.
3 ـ الزامهای اجتماعی
زمینه های اجتماعی بحران نظام مند در اتحاد شوروی، به سادگی قابل تعریف و تعیین است: در دوران پس از استالین، جامعهٔ شوروی در همهٔ ابعاد دچار دگرگونی شد، در حالی که نظام سوسیالیستی بدون تغییر باقی مانده بود. نخست، نظام اجتماعی لایه بندی که به توزیع قدرت منجر می شد، همچنان برجای ماند و نوسازی بدان راه نیافت. دوم، فساد اداری و وعده های تحقق نیافته سبب از خودبیگانگی فزایندهٔ جامعه شد و حزب و رژیم در انزوا قرار گرفتند. سوم، در دورهٔ پس از استالین رشد طبقهٔ متوسط، به ویژه عنصر گروه های حرفه ای آن در حوزهٔ مسائل اداری و رسمی منعکس نشد و به افزایش سطح خودمختاری و استقلال سیاسی و حرفه ای منجر نشد. چهارم، توسعهٔ دولت رفاه در شوروی با موانع جدی روبهرو بود. از یک سو میزان کارایی پایین و نظام دچار نارسایی بود، از سوی دیگر دولت ناچار بود هزینه های هنگفتی را برای یارانه کالا و خدمات مختلف پرداخت کند.
ب ـ زمینه های بین المللی تفکر جدید
باید توجه داشت پدیده های سیاسی، فرهنگی، اقتصادی و اجتماعی که به پیدایی بحران در نظام اتحاد شوروی انجامید و رهبری سیاسی آن را ناچار به پذیرش ضرورت های جدید ساخت، در سرشت خود نظام بودند. اگر این مجموعه عوامل در پیوند با عوامل خارجی و بین المللی قرار نمی گرفتند، شاید فرایند اصلاحات و پرسترویکا به گونهای که شکل گرفت، صورت نمی پذیرفت. نخستین عامل که جنبهٔ روانی داشت، به تمایل رهبری سیاسی اتحاد شوروی به ارتقای کارکردهای داخلی نظام و حیثیت جهانی کشور، با توجه به زمینه های اقتصادی و فناوری و تحولات در کشورهای صنعتی غرب مربوط می شد. عامل دیگر به طور مستقیم با محدودیت های ساختاری ناشی از کاهش توانایی های اتحاد شوروی در صحنه های جهانی ارتباط می یافت. در مورد این دو عامل توضیح اندکی روشنگر خواهد بود.
1 ـ در مورد دگرگونی در برداشتهای شوروی و نیز در محیط بین المللی، توجه به برخی نکات ضروری است. رهبری سیاسی کشور از رویارویی نامتعادل نیروها در شرق و غرب به خوبی آگاه شده بود. تولیدات صنایع در اتحاد شوروی در مقایسه با کشورهای پیشرفتهٔ غربی در شرایط بسیار نامناسبی قرار داشت. غیرعملی بودن شعار رسیدن به امپریالیست ها و پشت سر گذاشتن آن ها، که از دوران لنین و استالین مطرح شده بود و پس از آن نیز ادامه یافته بود، آشکار شده بود. در مسابقهٔ اقتصادی و فناوری، رهبری اتحاد شوروی ناچار بود عقب ماندگی خود را بپذیرد و از کسب برتری نسبت به ایالات متحد امریکا که رهبری نظام سرمایه داری را برپایه آموزش های مارکسی ـ لنینی عهده دار بود، فرومانده بود. بنابراین گواه لازم را برای اثبات برتری و امتیاز نظام سوسیالیستی که تجسم عینی آن اتحاد شوروی تلقی می شد، به دست نیاورده بود. با وجود پیشرفت های مربوط به حوزه های نظامی و تسلیحاتی، در زمینه های دیگر عقب ماندگی های وسیع و عمیق غیرقابل انکار می نمود.
در شرایطی که کشورهای پیشرفتهٔ غربی وارد مرحلهٔ سومین انقلاب صنعتی و حوزه های وسیع کاربرد هوش مصنوعی، کامپیوترها، نیمه هادی ها می شدند، اتحاد شوروی از پیوستن به این انقلاب و تحولات ناشی از آن بازماند. از اواخر دههٔ 1970 برخی از سیاستمداران این کشور و طبقات حرفه ای از امواج گستردهٔ این انقلاب آگاه شده بودند، ولی رهبران کشور از ارائه پاسخ مناسب در برابر این نیازها ناتوان بودند. گرایش های رکودی در اقتصاد و فناوری اتحاد شوروی، در پیوند با رشد انفجارآمیز جهان سرمایه داری، دگرگونی هایی را در آرزوها و تمایلات گروه های حاکم در اتحاد شوروی به وجود آورد. شکاف فناوری میان اتحاد شوروی و غرب روزبه روز در حال تعمیق و گسترش بود. رهبری سیاسی کشور، یا دستکم بخشی از آنان، این امر را دریافته بود. گذشته از مقایسهٔ ابعاد کیفی، سنجش های کمی نیز از نظرها دور نمانده بود. برای نمونه، تولید فولاد در اتحاد شوروی دو برابر تولید آن در ایالات متحد امریکا و تولید ناخالص ملی آن، نیمی از تولید ناخالص ملی امریکا بود. ولی این کشور با کمبود شدید فولاد روبه رو بود. علت اصلی آن به تلف کردن فولاد در مؤسسات ناکارآمد مربوط می شد. در بسکمک از زمینه های تولید، مواد اولیه و انرژی در اتحاد شوروی در سطح وسیعی تلف می شد. آنچه در جهان امروز بسیار اهمیت دارد، کمیت نیست، بلکه میزان کارایی و قدرت تولید کار و سرمایه است. نظام اقتصادی اتحاد شوروی در این زمینه دچار کاستی های ساختاری بود.
2 ـ توانایی های اتحاد شوروی در راستای تحلیل دومین عامل خارجی و بین المللی در پیدایی تفکر جدید مورد توجه قرار می گیرد. در تنزل جایگاه بین المللی اتحاد شوروی، این عامل تأثیر جدی داشت. برخلاف دهه های 1960 و 1970 که این کشور از جایگاه استواری در نظام بین المللی برخوردار بود، دههٔ 1980 دورهٔ مناسبی برای ارتباط متقابل نیروها به نفع سوسیالیسم نبود. پس از پذیرش عمومی برابری راهبردی اتحاد شوروی و ایالات متحد امریکا در غرب، رهبران شوروی در انتظار پیامدهای آن بودند. رهبری سیاسی شوروی پذیرش سیاست نگاه به شرق و تنش زدایی را از سوی غرب دلیل بر ضعف ایالات متحد امریکا، پس از شکست در ویتنام و رسوایی واترگیت برآورد می کرد. ولی در پایان دههٔ 1970 و شروع دههٔ 1980 جایگاه جهانی اتحاد شوروی آشکارا دچار تزلزل شد. این کشور با دورهٔ جدیدی از تنش و تقابل با غرب، به ویژه امریکا روبه رو شد که بسیار پرهزینه و شدید بود: اعلام جنگ ستارگان یا طرح دفاع راهبردی از سوی ریگان، از آن حکایت می کرد. استقرار موشک های اس.اس 20 شوروی در اروپا گام دیگری در این راستا بود. این کشور تلاش های دیپلماتیک وسیعی را علیه استقرار نیروهای میان برد هسته ای انجام داد، ولی توفیق چندانی به دست نیاورد. شروع دورهٔ جدیدی از مسابقهٔ تسلیحاتی و هزینه های سنگین ناشی از آن بار سنگینی را بر اقتصاد بیمار اتحاد شوروی تحمیل کرد. در دوران رهبری آندروپوف تلاش زیادی برای رهایی از آن انجام گرفت. این تلاش ها را گورباچف ادامه داد.
در مورد تأثیر عوامل مختلف بر شکل گیری تفکر جدید گورباچف، مقاله ها و کتاب های زیادی نوشته شده است. در این کتاب تلاش شده است، برای دقت بیشتر و امکان یک بررسی دقیق علمی، تنها عوامل و زمینه های اقتصادی مورد بررسی قرار گیرند. هرچند در زمان اجرای این طرح پژوهشی، گورباچف بر اتحاد شوروی حکمرانی داشت و این کشور هنوز به عنوان یک واحد سیاسی در صحنهٔ روابط بین الملل فعال بود، ولی اینک این نظام فروپاشیده است. حتی پس از فروپاشی نیز، نظام اقتصادی استالینی و نارسایی های آن، کشورهای بازمانده از اتحاد شوروی را دچار سختی شدید کرده است. از این رو برای درک وضعیت کنونی اقتصادی، اجتماعی و سیاسی کشورهای مستقل همسود توجه به این زمینه های تاریخی ضروری است.
این کتاب در چهار فصل تنظیم شده است.
فصل اول، به بررسی فشردهٔ تاریخ سیاست خارجی این کشور اختصاص داده شده است. در این فصل تأکید اصلی بر دوره های تنش زدایی در روابط شرق و غرب، و روابط اتحاد شوروی با جهان سوم خواهد بود.
در فصل دوم، ویژگی های تفکر جدید گورباچف مطرح خواهد شد، تا این پدیده مورد شناسایی کامل قرار گیرد.
در فصل سوم، تحولات اقتصادی در اتحاد شوروی به طور اجاقتصادی بررسی می شود. تأکید اصلی در این بخش، بر مراحل اصلی و تعیین کنندهٔ تاریخ تحولات اقتصادی اتحاد شوروی و شکل گیری نظام اقتصاد استالینی در این کشور است.
در فصل چهارم، ارتباط میان دو متغیر یادشده یعنی اصلاحات اقتصادی و تنش زدایی مورد بررسی قرار خواهد گرفت، تا بتوان دریافت که آیا رابطهٔ مستقیمی میان این دو متغیر وجود دارد یا خیر؟ آیا بحران اقتصادی اتحاد روسیه دههٔ 1980 در شکل گیری تفکر جدید گورباچف نقش موثری داشت یا خیر؟ و در آخرین بخش با نتیجه گیری از مباحث ارائه شده این بررسی را به پایان می بریم.
ریشه های اقتصادی فروپاشی اتحاد شوروی: زمینه های اقتصادی تفکر جدید گورباچف
نویسنده : الهه کولائی
ناشر: انتشارات دانشگاه تهران
تعداد صفحات : 242 صفحه
منبع: یک پزشک
تورهای دور زمین: دور زمین | سفر به دور زمین هیچوقت اینقدر آسون نبوده! تور لحظه آخری، تور ارزان، اروپا، تور تایلند، تور مالزی، تور دبی، تور ترکیه<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>China Table of Contents
From the perspective of China's leaders, the entire science and technology system of the late 1980s, with its 8 million personnel and 10,000 research institutes, represented an expensive, underutilized and not very productive capital investment. Dissatisfaction with the system had become pervasive by the early 1980s, and both scientists and political leaders agreed on the necessity for fundamental reform. The primary complaint of the leadership was that, despite thirty years of policy statements, central plans, and political campaigns directed at the attitudes of scientists and engineers, science still was not serving the needs of the economy. Reformist political leaders and senior scientists identified a number of organizational problems that were inherent in the system adopted from the Soviet Union and that had been compounded by Chinese work-unit and lifetime job assignment practices (see Differentiation; Common Patterns , ch. 3).
In an October 1982 speech to the National Science Awards Conference, Premier Zhao Ziyang identified the following as primary problems: uneven development and lack of coordination among scientific fields; lack of communication between research and production units; duplication of research and facilities; rivalry among institutes, administrative bodies, and hierarchies; and maldistribution of personnel, with some units and fields overstaffed and others very short of skilled personnel. Zhao's speech drew upon and was followed by extensive discussions of management and organization by scientists and administrators. These discussions emphasized the prevalence of departmentalism, compartmentalism, and fragmentation of efforts. These problems, when combined with poor management, poorly educated managers, absence of incentives for good work or of penalties for poor performance, and absence of direct communication between research units and productive enterprises, resulted in the failure of the science and technology establishment to serve production and economic growth.
In the 1980s research institutes, like all Chinese work units, responded to an economic system in which supplies were uncertain by attempting to be as self-sufficient as possible. Exchanges of information, services, or personnel across the very strictly defined administrative boundaries were difficult, resulting in failure to share expensive imported equipment and in widespread duplication of facilities. The absence of information on work being done in other research institutes, even in the same city, frequently led to duplication and repetition of research.
Like all other workers in China, scientists were assigned to research institutes or universities by government labor bureaus. Such assignments frequently did not reflect specialized skills or training. Assignments were meant to be permanent, and it was very difficult for scientists or engineers to transfer to another work unit. In many cases, talents or specialized training were wasted. Institutes that may have had the funds to purchase advanced foreign equipment often had no way to hire a Chinese chemist or mathematician. Not only were China's scientists and engineers in short supply, many were underemployed or misemployed.
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Fountas & Pinnell Classroom™ provides educators with powerful, comprehensive resources for a systematic approach to literacy learning. Search your preferred grade level below and discover how you can ignite learning with thousands of student texts, lessons, and resources within the major instructional contexts. Start building your community of literacy learners now with Fountas & Pinnell Classroom™.
Each instructional context plays an essential role that contributes in different ways to every student’s development as a reader, writer, and language user. Improve student outcomes by creating equitable literacy opportunities for all students with Fountas & Pinnell Classroom™. Explore the options below to begin designing the landscape of literacy education in your school.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>براساس مطالعه ای که در مؤسسه ملی علوم به چاپ رسید، محققان ادعا کردند که مردان، تلومرهای کوتاه تری نسبت به زنان برخوردارند. به اعتقاد تیم تحقیقاتی انگلیسی که با بررسی DNA و کروموزوم های ۳۳۳ مرد و زن ۵۴ تا ۷۶ ساله، طول تلومرهای افراد را اندازه گرفتند، تلومرهای کوتاه متعلق به مردان است.
پس از انجام یک سری آزمایشات و بررسی سوابق پزشکی افراد، مشخص شد که استرس، یکی از عوامل تأثیرگذار بر اندازه تلومر است و مردان بیش از زنان در معرض کارهای استرس زا قرار دارند.
استرس، با افزایش ضربان قلب و هورمون هیجان در مردان، به DNA آن ها آسیب وارد می کند. بررسی ها نشان می دهد که دوره ریکاوری و بازگشت برای مردان طولانی تر از زنان است به این معنا که زمان بیشتری طول می کشد تا مردان از استرس خارج شوند.
نتایج به دست آمده نشان می دهد که مردانی که از تلومرهای کوتاه تر برخوردار بودند، در مقایسه با دیگر مردان، ۵۵ درصد عصبی تر بودند و ۱۰ درصد نگاه بدبینانه تری به زندگی داشتند. علاوه بر استرس روانی، آسیب هایی که بر اثر بیماری های مختلف به سلول ها وارد می شود، در کوتاه شدن تلومرها نقش بسزایی دارد. برای مثال تقلای بیمار هنگام درد کشیدن، شوک های عصبی و یا قرار گرفتن در معرض برخی سموم از جمله دود سیگار، به سلول ها آسیب جدی وارد می کند.
به اعتقاد اندرو
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生、豆芽、酸菜和各种香料等原料，这些东西都是高热量的食品。
面条自然是高热量的，因为它主要由碳水化合物组成，而这种化合物在我们的饮食中是必需的。牛肉也是一种高热量的蛋白质来源，而花生则富含健康的脂肪。豆芽和酸菜也含有一定的热量，尤其是在重庆小面中经过烹饪过程后。
所以，一碗三两重庆小面的热量是多少？我敢说，应该超过你想象的数值！所以，如果你想保持身材或减肥，最好少吃这种美味的食物！或者，如果你真的想吃，那么请记得多锻炼和运动，以消耗掉这些多余的热量。不然，你就会有一天发现，你的体重变得越来越重！
-<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Scientists have identified a potential Achilles’ heel for Salmonella – the bacteria’s reliance on a single food source to remain fit in the inflamed intestine.
When these wily bugs can’t access this nutrient, they become 1,000 times less effective at sustaining disease than when they’re fully nourished.
The research suggests that blocking activation of one of five genes that transport the nutrient to Salmonella cells could be a new strategy to fight infection.
“For some reason, Salmonella really wants this nutrient, and if it can’t get this one, it’s in really bad shape,” said Brian Ahmer, associate professor of microbial infection and immunity at The Ohio State University and lead author of the study. “If you could block Salmonella from getting that nutrient, you’d really stop Salmonella.”
The research is published in the journal PLOS Pathogens.
Generally, most of the 42,000 Americans who report Salmonella infection annually ride out the gastroenteritis symptoms of diarrhea, fever, stomach cramps and vomiting for four to seven days, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Antibiotics aren’t a recommended treatment for most infections because they kill good gut bacteria along with Salmonella.
The nutrient needed by Salmonella is composed of a sugar and amino acid stuck together, and is called fructose-asparagine. Its identification alone is also unusual: “It has never been discovered to be a nutrient for any organism,” Ahmer said.
Ahmer and colleagues found this important food source by first identifying the genes that Salmonella requires to stay alive during the active phase of gastroenteritis, when the inflamed gut produces symptoms of infection.
Using a genetic screening technique, the researchers found a cluster of five genes that had to be expressed to keep Salmonella from losing its fitness during gastroenteritis. They then determined that those vital genes work together to transport a nutrient into the bacterial cell and chop up the nutrient so it can be used as food.
The study refers to the pathogen’s fitness because it’s an all-encompassing word for Salmonella survival, growth and ability to inflict damage.
Identifying the nutrient that the genes acted upon was a bit tricky and involved some guessing, Ahmer said. The team realized that the Salmonella genes they found resembled genes in other bacteria with a similar function – transporting the nutrient fructose-lysine into E. coli. But seeing a difference between the genes, the researchers landed, with some luck, on fructose-asparagine.
The researchers ran numerous experiments in cell cultures and mice to observe what happened to Salmonella in the inflamed gut when these genes were mutated. Under differing conditions, Salmonella’s fitness dropped between 100- and 10,000-fold if it could not access fructose-asparagine, even if all of its other food sources were available.
“That was one of the big surprises: that there is only one nutrient source that is so important to Salmonella. For most bacteria, if we get rid of one nutrient acquisition system, they continue to grow on other nutrients,” Ahmer said. “In the gut, Salmonella can obtain hundreds of different nutrients. But without fructose-asparagine, it’s really unfit.”
Because of that sole source for survival, the genes needed for acquisition of this nutrient could be effective drug targets.
“Nobody’s ever looked at nutrient transporters as drug targets because it’s assumed that there will be hundreds more transporters, so it’s a pointless pursuit,” Ahmer said.
This kind of drug also holds promise because it would affect only Salmonella and leave the trillions of other microbes in the gut unaffected.
Ahmer and colleagues are continuing this work to address remaining questions, including the window of time in which access to the nutrient is most important for Salmonella’s survival as well as identifying human foods that contain high concentrations of fructose-asparagine.
Cite This Page:<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Topic: Fun with Math by using games.
State Goals 6
Purpose: This lesson is to get the students familiar with addition, subtraction, and estimation. The students will learn by using the computer and the Internet.
Students will work in pairs at the computer.
How do we add numbers?
How do we play the number game?
How do we subtract numbers?
How do we do estimation of numbers?
How do we match shapes?
How do we like Tic Tac Toe?
The MegaSpider Site
Back to the SMART index page<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>阿联酋媒体：叙利亚主场将设在阿联酋
官网7月26日讯 据阿联酋媒体《阿联酋宣言报》报道，叙利亚正在2022年寰宇杯预选赛及2023年亚洲杯预选赛的主场场面将设正在阿联酋。
叙利亚足协担当人Fadi Dabbas称：“此决定受到了阿联酋足协的迎接和拒绝。下一步将决定将哪座球场设为主场，咱们会将主场设正在正在阿联酋有大量叙利亚人聚居的区域，如此会有更少的球迷来维持咱们。”
叙利亚与中国、菲律宾、马尔代夫和关岛沿途分正在了40强赛A组，逐鹿将于9月进行。因为叙利亚国内步地不稳，国际足联连续禁止叙利亚队正在本土主办任何国际逐鹿。于是，这些年来，叙利亚队就连续正在海外各地选拔主场进行逐鹿。此前有报道称，叙利亚将主场设正在伊拉克，但惹起同组敌手网罗中国队对场面安然性的挂念。<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>虽然番茄到底是水果还是蔬菜在美国一直没有一个明确的结论，但可以肯定的是，想买新鲜番茄的美国消费者，在未来的一段时间里看到价签时会“心头一颤”。
美国商务部周二(北京时间5月8日)宣布，美国将废止2013年同墨西哥签订的“新鲜番茄暂停协议”(Suspension Agreement on Fresh Tomatoes，即“中止调查协议”)，这也意味着，美国将对进口的墨西哥番茄征收17.5%的关税。
墨西哥经济部8日回应表示，美国消费者将因此为新鲜番茄多付38%至70%的价格。
然而，亚利桑那州立大学最新的研究显示，美国消费者多付的价格可能会在40%到85%左右。这份研究指出，从5月到12月，价格涨幅可能会在40%左右;随着气候变冷，番茄在美国国内供应量减少时，价格最高可能上涨85%。
美国人和番茄：这是刚需
“美国对番茄的需求相对没有弹性。也就是说，无论番茄的价格涨到多少，美国消费者对番茄购买量都不会因此减少。正因为这样，关税多出来的这一大部分都将由美国消费者承担。” 亚利桑那州立大学经济学家理查兹(Timothy Richards)表示。
美国商务部当天的决定被认为是一场被搁置了23年的“番茄关税保卫战”。
美加墨三国去年9月底同意以《美墨加协议》(USMCA)取代原有的《北美自由贸易协议》(NAFTA)，但在美国国会对这份新的《美墨加协议》进行辩论之前，“美墨番茄战”的爆发也让当时就“命运坎坷”的这份协议更加面临“未捷先死”的命运。
去年11月的中期选举之后，民主党拿下众议院多数，共和党守住参议院。诸多分析认为，这一协议可能较难获得国会批准。
“商务部一直致力于保护美国的国内产业，让它们不受到不公平贸易行为的影响。”美国商务部长罗斯在当天的声明中表示，“但我们仍然对谈判能够达成解决方案保持乐观。”
那么，番茄对美国人来说有多重要呢?根据美国农业部的数据：美国人平均每人每年消费的番茄数量在22~24磅之间(这个数量中有一半为番茄酱和番茄汁);在美国人最喜爱的蔬菜中，番茄位居第四位(土豆、生菜和洋葱为前三位);在过去的20年里，美国人对番茄的消费量增加了30%。
墨西哥出口的番茄，对美国市场有多重要?
“番茄是墨西哥出口到美国数量最大的农产品，美国有超过一半的番茄供应来自墨西哥。”美国新鲜蔬果协会总裁琼迈尔(Lance Jungmeyer)告诉第一财经记者，“原因很简单，墨西哥番茄好吃又便宜。”
“去年墨西哥向美国出口番茄的数额超过20亿美元，这是很大的一个数目，现在这个数目的基础上要再加上17.5%的关税。” 琼迈尔说。
琼迈尔告诉第一财经，墨西哥番茄大多生在沙漠地带，不仅气候适合，更因为处于沙区，高温而不长害虫，充足的阳光也让来自墨西哥的番茄格外鲜美。琼迈尔说，区分墨西哥番茄和美国番茄的方法就是：在掰开番茄之后，如果番茄的籽能够流动出来并且能看出是从里面开始长熟的话，这种番茄就是产自墨西哥，因为这个番茄是在成熟或接近成熟的时候从藤上直接采摘的;如果番茄的籽紧实并且是绿色的，那么这个番茄应该就来自美国本土，并有可能是在还未成熟就被采摘之后被催熟的，还有可能这种番茄是在温室内，而不是户外种植出来的。
他直言不讳地说，美国最大番茄产地佛罗里达州的番茄“大而无味”，闭上眼睛根本不能闻出是个番茄。相比之下，来自墨西哥的番茄外观看可能小一些，但拿起来就能闻到很强的番茄清香。
“我可以负责任地说，墨西哥的番茄确实比美国本土的番茄好吃。” 琼迈尔告诉第一财经记者，“现在这个季节我们在市场看到的通常都是来自墨西哥的番茄，它们有很好的口感，很合适的酸度，一口咬下去的时候番茄本身的香气都会跳到舌尖上。”
佛州农场主：番茄战不打不行
琼迈尔所说的佛罗里达州正是本次美墨番茄战的前沿阵地，作为美国最大番茄产地也被认为是这场番茄战的源头。
在去年11月美墨加贸易协议达成之后，代表佛罗里达番茄种植农场主的“佛罗里达番茄交易所”(Florida Tomato Exchange)致信佛罗里达共和党参议员鲁比奥(Marco Rubio)和佛罗里达州共和党众议员尤和(Ted Yoho)，要求他们请求商务部终止2013年的协议。
佛罗里达番茄交易所认为，在过去的15年里，佛罗里达州番茄产量下跌了35%，这完全是因为墨西哥政府为番茄生产进行补贴，让墨西哥番茄获得不公平的价格优势，抢夺了美国种番茄农民的市场。
最终，鲁比奥和尤和在致信美国商务部之前获得了来自12个州的46位国会议员的联名支持。在罗斯收到这封信的2天后，美国商务部宣布退出2013年同墨西哥签订的“新鲜番茄暂停协议”。
根据美国农业部的数据，佛罗里达州因为气候温暖曾在冬季和春季一直占领美国的番茄市场，但是，在过去的20年中，这个市场被同样气候温暖并且番茄价格优廉的墨西哥占领。
佛罗里达迪迈尔农场(Dimare)就是此前曾经要求鲁比奥和尤和“立刻致信商务部，拯救佛罗里达番茄产业”的农场之一。
已经在佛罗里达种植番茄将近1个世纪的迪迈尔农场，是该州最大的番茄农场之一，他们曾经多年种植超过5000英亩(每英亩约合6.07亩)的冬季番茄，但去年只种植了不到600英亩。现任农场主托尼·迪迈尔(Tony Dimar)是该农场的第三代主人。
“我已经被来自墨西哥的进口廉价番茄害了20多年。”托尼·迪迈尔告诉第一财经记者，“其间也曾看到我们附近的番茄农场做不下去而被迫卖掉自己的土地，我当然支持自由贸易，但这对我们番茄农民不公平。现在已经是‘美国优先’不是吗?”
迪迈尔表示，作为佛罗里达最大的番茄农场主，他其实还算“受伤不太严重的”，因为他不仅种植番茄也批发番茄，也就是说，他从当地的小番茄农场和农民处收购番茄，批量包装处理后再卖给市场和食品供应商。
有意思的是，迪迈尔收购的番茄中，有一部分来自他“恨极了”的墨西哥。
“一切顾客至上。无论是出于什么原因，有的人就是喜欢墨西哥番茄。”对此，迪迈尔解释说。
针对美国商务部的决定，墨西哥经济部发表声明指出，美国加征的关税将为墨西哥农民增加3.5亿美元(约合24亿元人民币)的负担。而事实是，单靠美国佛罗里达州生产的番茄根本不能满足美国国内的需求，为加征关税番茄埋单的，最终还是美国消费者。
“佛罗里达的番茄农民们已经多年试图阻止来自墨西哥的竞争。”琼迈尔告诉第一财经，“所以，他们的做法就是让国会成员推翻之前的贸易协定，把其中的条款用保护主义的关税条款代替。“
“对这些国会成员来说，他们的做法是用牺牲美国其他各地的消费者、其他产业和工人的利益，目的是为他们选区的大农场主们获得美国番茄市场的垄断权。”琼迈尔说。
来源：第一财经
声明：
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3、如因作品内容、版权和其他问题需要同本网联系的，请在30日内进行。<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Stefano Ceratti
Biografia
Stefano Ceratti era un cardiologo che svolgeva la sua professione nei paesi di Bianco e Caraffa del Bianco, in provincia di Reggio Calabria. In quest'ultimo paese era segretario comunale della Democrazia Cristiana e capogruppo di minoranza in Consiglio Comunale. La sua attività politica era incentrata alla lotta alle connivenze tra politica comunale e 'ndrangheta, in particolare negli appalti pubblici, al riguardo dei quali aveva presentato diverse denunce, sia in Consiglio Comunale, che alla magistratura e al Prefetto.
L'omicidio
Ceratti viene ucciso il 7 aprile 1992 all'interno del suo ambulatorio a Bianco mentre eseguiva un elettrocardiogramma: il killer, entrato nello studio del medico a volto scoperto, gli sparò cinque colpi di pistola calibro 7,65 alla testa.
Indagini e processi
Nelle ore immediatamente successive venne arrestato Bruno Moio, pensionato cui Ceratti stava eseguendo l'elettrocardiogramma, poiché non aveva voluto fornire indicazioni sul killer, nonostante l'avesse visto in faccia.
Nel 2009 venne arrestato con l'accusa di essere l'esecutore materiale Sergio Prezio, originario di Montalto Uffugo, in provincia di Cosen
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Bologna, di Milano, di Roma ecc.; alle regate remiere di
campionato a Venezia, a Como, a Villa d'Este, ad Ancona
ecc.; dove gia d' allora i nostri giovani sportivi diventavano
„campioni nazionali". Col pretesto di cimentarsi col famosa
„a otto" della Bucintoro di Venezia alle regate di Ancona^
j nostri giovani campioni del remo prendevano parte ai fe-
steggiamenti per la cacciata degli Austriaci dalle Marche,
e vincevano brillantemente - fatidico augurio - la coppa di
S. M. il Re.
Data la ferrea disciplina, la costanza, io spirito entu-
siastico che animava le ncstre societa sportive, nell'imme-
diato dopoguerra il successo arrise costante, in tutti gli
sports, ai nostri baldi campioni.
I nostri giovani, centinaia dei quali avevano combat-
tuto nelle file del nostro esercito nella guerra di redenzione
e s'erano quindi arruolati tra i legionari di D'Annunzio,^
raccolto I'alloro della vittoria in campo, intrecciarono le
„palme della gloria" per deporle siii nostri Eroi morti nella
grande guerra, e prima di tutto su Francesco Rismondo,.
ch' era stato campione sportivo della sua Spalato.
Vennero le ore delle tristi rinunce : Parigi, Rapallo, S.
Margherita - le tappe del nostro piii recente martirio - se-
gnarono la fine,' per 1' imprevisione dei nostri uomini di
governo, di tutte le societa sportive delle citta dalmate
cadute sotto il dominio della Jugoslavia, che e un' Austria
peggiorata.
Ci restano oggi: La Societa Ginnastića Zara, che per
tenace volonta dei suoi vecchi soci ha potuto ritrovar anche
oggi la sua funzione nazionale, raccogliendo i veri, gli onesti
italiani d' ogni eta e sesso, nei vecchi e malandati ambienti
di una caserma, riadattati con rara abnegazione e sacrificio
cosi, da essere era una sede superba, un vero reliquiario del
nostro immacolato passato; - il §Circolo Canottieri Diadora
piu volte campione d' Italia e di Europa, che nel dopoguerra
riusci ad ampliare e migliorare la canottiera; - il Veloce
Club Zaiatino, con i suoi fervidi pedalatori; - 1'Unione
Sportiva di Lagosta, sorta da poco ma in promettente
sviluppo.
La grave crisi economica della citi^a si riflette purtroppo
ora anche sull' attivita di queste nostre salde organizzazioni,
per la mancanza di mezzi finanziari specialmente e pel con-
tinuo esodo dei giovani piii promettenti, cui la dura neces-
sita della vita spinge altrove in cerca di lavoro. L' immise-
rimento economico della Provincia colpisce la vita sociale e
sportiva delle nostre associazioni, che non hanno piii la pos-
sibilita di prender parte ed organizzare, con la frequenza di
una volta, gare, concorsi, regate ecc. Di cio non sembra
essersi reso conto il „Corriere Meridiano" di Ancona, che
lamenta la mancanza di attivita sportiva a Zara e ne muove
ingiusto rimprovero alle direzioni delle varie societa, che
invece fanno tutto il fattibile per tener alto il nome sportivo
della nostra citta.
Che domani ci si presenta? Domani, come ieri, e come
oggi, la Societa Ginnastića Zara - come tutte le altre
societa della Provincia - che ha una ptira tradizione d' ita^
lianita, un' ottima organizzazione sportiva e, quello che piii
conta, una gloriosa incontaminata bandiera, ed, ancora, ot-
timi, capaci, onorati uomini, che si prestano con abnegazione
e con rara modestia per la santa causa dalmata, dovra con-
tinuare la sua missione che si puo sentire e vedere solamente
DALMAZIA SPORTiVA
La squadra sociale ha esordito in una partita amiche-
vole gfiuocata il 13 mag^gio con la squadra allievi deil' U.
S. Triestina, dinanzi a ur pubblico numeroso e cavallere-
scamente entusiasta. L' incontro, chiusosi con la vittoria degli
ospiti per uno a zero, g-iustificata dalia buona tecnica ma
aiutata dalla fortuna, ha rivelato nei nostri scarsita di colle-
gamento e di precisione, ma non d' iniziativa e di cavalleria,
avendo essi rinunciato a pareggiare con un facile calcio di
rigore concesso dali'arbitre.
La domenica successiva la squadra zaratina ha affrontato
cjuelia del Grion di Pola, ottima classificata nel recente cam-
pionato dl Il.a divisione, in un incontro ancor piii vivace ed
emozionante.
La partita, chiusasi ancora con nostro svantaggio, ha
pero rivelato un reale progresso nei nostri, specie nel se-
condo tempo quando, a rinfrancarli, e sceso a giuocare fra
gli avanti il vecchio capitano della squadra Lubin.
Anche in questa partita i nostri tirarono cavalleresca-
mente a lato un facile calcio di rigore; e requilibrata partita
si chiuse con la vittoria del Grion per 2 ad 1. Non abbiamo
dunque da dolerci del risultato morale che giudichiamo
soddisfacente.
Arbitro egregiamente le due partite 1' arbitre sezionale
signor Simeone Lana.
I nostri atleti al campionato marchi^riano
Reduci dalle gare di Ancona, sono giunti martedi 22
i nostri atleti Attilio Devescovi ed Italo Benevenia, che
hanno assai bene rappresentato la citta nostra ai campionati
marchigiani di atletica leggera disputatisi domenica in Piazza
d'armi. Ecco i risulati delle otto gare a cui i nostri atleti
hanno partecipato:
Attilio Devescovi, l.o classificato nel lancio del gia-
veliotto, getto della palia di ferro, salto con Tasta, pentatlon.
Nel lancio del disco 4.o, e 3.o nel martello scozzese. Risul-
tato complessivo magnifico per un gruppo di gare faticose
concentrate in una unica giornata,
Italo Benevenia, 2.o nella corsa piana di m. 200, S.o
in quella di m. 100.
La prova del Benevenia, sofferente per un strappo
muscolare, e inferiore alle sue reali possibilita, come e pro-
vato dall'avere egli battuto in semifinale il vincitore dei
100 metri con una velocita ed un tempo che nella finale la
ferita gli ha impedito di mantenere. Si tratta per lui di una
partita rimandata alle gare della Milizia fissate per il 7 giugno.
Inaugurazione del campo di scattinasrgio
Alla partita di calcio fra la squadra sociale e quella
deir U. S. Triestina, segue animatisšima la fešta per l'inau-
gurazione del vasto campo di scattinnaggio allo stadio.
Le adiacenze sono brulicanti di una folla di spettatori,
che si riversa in parte nel piazzale del bar e nel campo
del giuoco delle bocce. I partecipanti gremiscono cosi il
reparto degli scattinatori come quello dei ballerini, che
al suono di una mušica suggestiva intrecciano da un lato
le curve vertiginose sulle agili rotelle, dall'altro i molti on-
degglamenti delle danze antiche e moderne.
La notte sopraggiunge lasciando in tutti il desiderio
che con la stagione propizia simili fešte ali' aperto abbiano
spesso a ripersi.
Corsa ciclistica
Indetta dall' O. N. D. e organizzata dal Veloce Club
Zaratino si svolse domenica 20 la l.a corsa ciclistica della
stagione, che aveva in palio la magnifica coppa di S. E. il
Prefetto di Zara.
La corsa assai movimentata, grazie alla fuga di Vladovich
e Mussapp, e al vittorioso inseguimento di Schuh, si decise
sul rettilineo d' arrivo con questo risultato :
l.o Schuh Giuseppe, che compie i 52 km. in 1 h
26' e 20".
Seguono nell'ordine: Vladovich, Pulich, Stipcevich,
Mussapp, in gruppo, poi altri 4 corridori in tempo massimo.
Fungeva da „starter" d'onore il cav. prof. G. Avenanti,
commissario straordinario della F. Fascio.
Noti zie varie
Nella Direzione della Ginnastica
II vice-presidente della Societa. Ginnastica, cav. Gio-
vanni Devetak, ha dato le dimissioni essendo per le sue
moltepHci occupazioni nell' impossibilita di prestare effica-
cemente 1' opera sua in favore della nostra istituzione.
In sua sostituzione e stato nominato vice-presidente il
cav. Guido Frasnelli, comandante della Coorte autonoma
della M. V. S. N., vaioroso coinbattente e acquisto prezioso
per la Societa Ginnastica.
II cav. Frasnelli si e messo immediatamente ali'opera,
in cordiale coliaborazione con i camerati di Direzione.
13(\ IvO-grosta
L' anniversario della costituzione della S. Sportiva
II 13 maggio ricorreva il primo anniversario della
costituzione della Societa Sportiva di Lagosta.
A ricordare il lieto evento, alla presenza delle autorita
e della popolazione, si svolse alla sera la corsa notturna
intorno alla citta. II percorso era illuminato a fiaccole, di
grande effetto. II piazzale della chiesa di SS. Cosimo e
Damiano costituiva il punto di partenza e di arrivo per i
concorrenti. Gli avanguardisti parteciparono alla gara in
gruppo separato.
La fanfara del Fascio con marce ed inni patriottici
allietava il convegno. li percorso di circa 2 km. su terreno
accidentato, venne compiuto in quest'ordine: l.o Marteietti
Giovanni, (medaglia d'argento); 2.o Iveglia Luca (medaglia
d' argento); 3.o Cuciarich Luca (medaglia di bronzo), tutti
e tre della Societa sportiva. Degli Avanguardisti giunsero:
l.o Perucich G., 2.o Radovanovich M., S.o Perucich M.
Alla gara assistette pure il presidente del Gomitato
O. N. B. di Zara, avv. Antonio Troiani.
PiCi tardi, nei locali della Lega Nazionale, ebbe luogo
una fešta da balio, che per la presenza deil'avv- Troiani,
assurse ad una grande manifestazione patriottica. Si inneggio
al Duce, al Fascismo ed all'Italia in mezzo al piu vivo en-
tusiasmo. Dopo le danze, vennero consegnati i premi ai
vincitori della corsa. II gruppo femminile della Societa spor-
tiva esegui con perfetta fusione un esercizio ginnastico
collettivo, sotto ia direzione della signorina Ida Coffou,
che alla sezione dedica la sua intelligente e proficua
attivita.
Alla fešta, riuscitissima, assistettero pure tutte le auto-
rita del paese. Del brillante esito della giornata va data
viva lode al Commissario della Societa signor Antonio Lu-
cianovich ed alla paziente e brava signorina Coffou.
Per mancanza di spazio daremo nel prossimo numero
d^imminente pubblicazione, il risultato della ,,polisportiva
studentesca".
Gerente responsabile e direltore: Arrigo Zink.
Amministratore : Dott. Simeone Svircich
Editore: „Societa Ginnastica Zara".
Tipografia: E. de Schonfeld.
DRIOLI
X>I ^AKA
LA PIU' ANTICA FABBRICA DI LIQUORI IN ITALIA
lllilllllllllll<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>- The Greyhound Heritage
- A Day in the Life of a Racing Greyhound
- Frequently Asked Questions
- Meet a Greyhound
- Greyhound Education
- The Greyhound Heritage
- A Day in the Life of a Racing Greyhound
- Frequently Asked Questions
- Meet a Greyhound
- Greyhound Education
The origin of the Greyhound is deeply rooted in ancient history. In fact, murals and paintings of dogs strikingly similar to today’s Greyhound exist from over 4,000 years ago. From the beginning, the Greyhound was held in high regard in the Middle East and throughout Europe.
- Their pictures were etched in the walls of ancient Egyptian tombs and Pharaohs rated them first among all animals, both as pets and hunters.
- The Arabs so admired the physical attributes and speed of the greyhound that it was the only dog permitted to share their tents and ride atop their camels.
- In early Arabian culture, the birth of a greyhound ranked second only in importance to the birth of a son.
- In Persia, Rome and Greece, the Greyhound enjoyed similar stature and is the only canine mentioned in the Holy Scripture (Proverbs 30: 29-31).
- Greyhounds link with nobility was established in 1014 when King Canute of England enacted the Forest Laws, which stated that only noblemen could own and hunt with greyhounds.
- The Forest Laws were abolished in the 1500s by Queen Elizabeth I. She later initiated the first formal rules of Greyhound Coursing (the pursuit of hares), thus officially inaugurating the "Sport of Queens."
- In the late 1800s, the Greyhound was imported to America to help Midwestern farmers control the jackrabbit, a noted crop destroyer. With the advent of the Greyhound in America, coursing events soon followed.
- Greyhound track racing, as we know it today, began with Owen Patrick Smith’s invention of the mechanical lure around 1912, which made racing around a circular track possible. The first circular track opened in 1919 in Emeryville, California. Although this track was not very successful, it paved the way for the development of the Greyhound racing industry in America.
Racing Greyhounds have a busy race-day routine. They only race three times in two weeks, so race day is very exciting.
Race Day Starts Early
Wake-up is early in the kennels. The trainer and his or her helpers are usually there by 6:00 AM. Most of the greyhounds get some exercise, including sprints, to keep them in top condition. However, the greyhounds racing that evening are not exercised with their kennel mates. They follow a lighter schedule, usually consisting of a brisk walk to warm them up and a rubdown.
Breakfast is now served. The greyhounds racing later in the evening are given half of their daily food, and receive the rest of their meal when they get home from the track at the end of the night. A racing greyhound eats between 2,000 and 4,000 calories a day! Now there's time for a nap before leaving for the track.
When the air-conditioned truck arrives at a greyhound racing park, all dogs are weighed in. The kennels set the racing weight of each greyhound. Each must weigh within one-and-a-half pounds of their racing weight or they are scratched from the race. Once they weigh in, the dogs go into the paddock kennel to wait for their race.
Pre-Race Warm up and Veterinary Check
The number each greyhound wears in each race is assigned randomly. Some greyhounds run better on the inside, some run better on the outside. Luck of the draw determines which blanket they will wear.
About twenty minutes before each race, the lead-outs retrieve the greyhounds and weigh them in again. This time they are looking for weight-losers. A weight-loser is a greyhound who loses more than one-and-a-half pounds between the time they arrive and the time of the race. When a greyhound loses weight before three races in a row, it is designated a weight-loser. There will be a (WL) next to its name in the program to indicate that the greyhound is a weight-loser. Like people, greyhounds react differently to stress and excitement.
Now the veterinary assistants collect a urine sample from each greyhound. They
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. Non posso parlare per loro, ma dobbiamo rispettare il fatto che fossero come una famiglia. Probabilmente period un po’ troppo presto”.
Matthew Perry, noto per il suo ruolo da protagonista nella sitcom americana degli anni 90 nei panni di Chandler Bing, è stato trovato morto nella sua vasca idromassaggio nella sua casa di Los Angeles il 28 ottobre. Aveva 54 anni.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>据路透社报道，英国议会下议院周四（10月8日）在一份关于5G安全的报告中指出，他们发现了“华为与中国政府勾结的明确证据”，并表示英国可能需要将原计划2027年前拆除所有华为电信设备的时间点提前。
英国议会这次调查的证据来自学者、网络安全专家和电信行业内部人士提供的证词，其中还包括一些长期对华为公司进行批评的人士提供的证词。
英国国防委员会的报告提到了一名风险投资专家的证词。他表示“中国政府在最近三年给华为提供了大约750亿美元的资金以帮助华为公司的发展”，这使得华为可以用“低的荒谬的价位”出售其设备。
这份报告引述一名专门从事中国企业违规行为研究人员的说法，称华为公司虽然公开一再否认，但它确实“参与了多种情报、安全和知识产权方面的活动”。
英国国防委员会作出的结论是：“显然，华为与中国政府有着密切的联系。”“华为公司的股东结构和它得到的补贴都证明了这一点。”
这份报告还提醒西方国家，虽然不应该盲目相信“缺乏证据的激烈的反中言论”，但还是有必要进行一些政策调整。
英国政府今年7月曾经下令，2020年之后不会购买新的华为5G设备，现在已经使用的华为设备必须在2027年之前彻底清除。
该报告指出，如果来自盟友的压力继续存在，或者英国与中国的关系发生动摇， 政府应该考虑是否有必要在2025年前移除华为设备，以及经济上是否可行。与此同时，政府也应警惕，其他也可能促使提早拆除华为设备的因素。
提前移除华为技术可能会导致信号中断，显著延迟5G的部署，同时还会给当地运营商和经济造成巨大损失。但下议院认为，提前彻底移除华为设备是一个明智的决定。
议员们表示，政府应当采取措施，尽量降低5G部署延误和经济损失影响，同时考虑若将2027年的截止期限提前，能否向运营商们提供赔偿。
不过该报告也指出，在英国5G供应商数量有限的情况下，这会带来其他问题，政府应与电信运营商合作，为英国引入新的供应商，例如三星或日本NEC，同时鼓励英国的工业发展。
对此，华为的一名发言人表示：“这份报告缺乏可信度，因为它是建立在意见而不是事实之上的。我们相信，人们会看穿这些共谋的指控，并记起华为在过去20年里为英国提供了什么。”
10月9日，中国外交部发言人华春莹在例行记者发布会上回应相关问题时反问道：“英国也好，或者其实美方也有官员说过类似的话，我希望他们在开口说这种话之前先想想，在一些高层的接触当中，美国政府或者英国政府为他们的企业进入中国市场，他们做了多少的工作？那么是不是可以由此说明他们的那些企业跟他们的政府是有勾连的关系，或者是有什么利益的联系？”
华春莹说，我希望他们说这些话的时候能够将心比心，更加公平和客观的来看待政府与企业的关系问题。那么做任何一个国家的政府都应该有这样的义务和责任来维护自己本国政府的正当合法权益，不是吗？
华春莹强调，中国没有任何法律要求企业安装后门或者收集外国的情报，英国一些人在没有任何确凿证据的条件下，以莫须有的风险为借口，一再配合美国，歧视和打压中国企业，公然违反市场经济原则和自由贸易规则，严重地损害中国企业的正当利益，不断地冲击中英合作的互信基础。“在此背景下，英国市场的开放性、公平性和外国在英的投资的安全性令人高度地关切。”她说。
但是，英国国防委员会主席托拜厄斯•埃尔伍德(Tobias Ellwood)则表示，西方国家必须紧急团结起来，以对中国的技术主导地位形成制衡。他还称， “我们绝不能为了短期的技术发展而放弃国家安全。”
有外国网友讽刺，英国政府仍然是美国忠实听话的跟班。
“英国政府仍然是它湖对岸老大哥忠实听话的小狗。”
“英国总和美国说一样的话。”
有网友还质问，所谓证据到底在哪儿？
“所以是怎么‘勾结’的？证据到底在哪儿？”
还有人表示，这么说来，向美国五角大楼提供“云服务”的微软公司是与美国政府“勾结”。
“微软向五角大楼提供云服务，是与美国政府‘勾结’。”
责编：Luffy Liu
本文综合自路透社、美国之音、环球时报、中国外交部、联合早报、BBC报道<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Training transfer means that learners are able to “transfer” their knowledge and skills learned in a training session back to their jobs. The importance of training transfer cannot be overemphasized. Organizations spend billions of dollars each year on training, yet only a fraction of that investment results in improved performance if training transfer is not supported by stakeholders (i.e. any individual or group that has a “stake” in the transfer of training). These include managers, peers, customers and the employer. Stakeholders also assume responsibility for supporting transfer.
The goal of training is not simply to gain knowledge and skills, but to transfer learning into performance, which in turn leads to improvements in agency results. Training transfer is not an event; it is a dynamic and complex process that requires planning.
There are no specific regulations related to transfer. However, the definition of training in 5 USC 41 implies transfer in the following italicized portion of the definition-- “training” means the process of providing for and making available to an employee, and placing or enrolling the employee in, a planned, prepared, and coordinated program, course, curriculum, subject, system, or routine of instruction or education, in scientific, professional, technical, mechanical, trade, clerical, fiscal, administrative, or other fields which will improve individual and organizational performance and assist in achieving the agency’s mission and performance goals.
Federal Government Tools and Resources
The following are federal references and resources that can be used to help increase understanding of training transfer:
- In August 2012, OPM hosted a Training Transfer workshop titled, “Maximizing the Transfer for Leadership-Learnings Back on the Job: An Exploration and Experience.” In the workshop, OPM Program Director Dr. Steve Frieman presents the concepts of “unpacking,” a novel approach that can potentially increase the likelihood of knowledge sustainability once back on the job. The workshop was targeted to new executives, CDP participants, current supervisors and managers, and aspiring leaders.
- Also Helpful: A Study of Best Practices in Training Transfer and Proposed Model of Transfer, http://www.wed.siu.edu/public1/OCDP/CDROM_FALL_2011/WED_469_CD/files/A%20Study%20of%20best%20practices%20%20transfer%20trng.pdf
Private Sector Tools and Resources
The following are private sector references and resources that can be used to help increase understanding of training transfer:
- Broad, M.L., & Newstrom, J.W., (1992). Transfer of Training: Action Packed Strategies To High Payoff From Training Investment. Basic Books.
- This book describes the importance of training transfer and provides strategies for increasing the effectiveness of training initiatives in the workplace.
- Carnes, B. (2010). Making Learning Stick: 20 Easy and Effective Techniques for Training Transfer. Alexandria, VA: ASTD Press.
- This book provides strategies that can help increase training transfer.
- Holton III, E.F., & Baldwin, T.T. (2003). Improving Learning Transfer in Organizations. San Francisco, CA: Pfeiffer.
- This book takes the viewpoints from experts in the field of learning transfer and offers information, ideas, and theories on the topic and illustrates how to put transfer systems into action.
- Burke, L.A., & Hutchins, H.M. (2007). Training Transfer: An Integrative Literature Review. Human Resource Development Review, 6(3), 263-296.
- This journal article is a review of the training transfer scientific literature. The article provides information on multiple factors related to training transfer (i.e., learner characteristics, intervention design and delivery, and work environment influences) and provides strategies on how to increase training transfer.
- Coates, D.E. (2007). InfoLine: Enhance The Transfer of Learning. Alexandria, VA: ASTD Press.
- This publication by ASTD provides general information about training transfer, along with tools and recommendations that could be used to help increase transfer.
- Transfer of Learning: A Guide to Strengthening the Performance of Health Care Workers (2002). Prime II & Jhpiego Corporation.
- This publication provides general information about training transfer and provides a "transfer of learning matrix." The matrix can be used as a job aid and provides the framework for a set of recommendations that could be used to increase the transfer of learning.
Why is Training Transfer Relevant?
In 2010 the American Society for Training and Development estimated that U.S. organizations spent about $171.5 billion on employee learning and development and $1,228 per trainee. Research indicates that only about 10-20% of training is transferred into the workplace. When training does not transfer it is likely that trainees and supervisors will question the benefit of their investment in the training. In other words, time and money are both wasted.
With the increased austerity of government resources, an evolving workforce, and the amplified focus on measuring and justifying investments, training investments are coming under increasing scrutiny. The use of effective transfer of training principles can help maximize the effectiveness of training initiatives, many of which are influenced by critical forces, such as, interdependence among agencies, employee development, talent retention, new technology, skill gaps, and alignment of individual training to agency-specific priorities.
It is vital to design and implement effective training programs to help address these forces and further agency objectives. It is also important to recognize and overcome the many factors that can inhibit the transfer of training, such as lack of accountability, inadequate resources, and few opportunities to use training knowledge.
Other Factors That Affect Training Transfer:
Training transfer is affected by many different stakeholders. The primary stakeholders can be grouped into four categories: Supervisors, Trainers, Trainees, and Co-workers. All stakeholders must have a strong interest in training initiatives, agree to work together to support the full application of the training on the job, and be committed to making the training investment pay off. Training transfer can also be viewed from the standpoint of when transfer strategies occur. Transfer strategies can be viewed from the standpoint of three different timeframes: Before Training, During Training, and After Training. Transfer strategies should not be selected at random. They should be selected while considering the stakeholders, timeframes, and many other variables. For example, whether the training will be created in-house or will be provided by a vendor will have a significant impact on the transfer strategies that are available to use.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>The margay is a small cat, somewhat bigger than a large domestic cat, its coat varying in color from grayish brown to tawny yellow and marked with rows of open rosettes and dark spots. Its head, neck and throat have black lines, and behind the ears they are black with a white spot in the center. The cat’s fur is relatively soft and thick, and, unusually, grows “in reverse” on the back of its neck, instead, slanting forwards. This animal has much individual variation in its beautiful coat pattern. Males and females are similar in size and appearance.
The margay lives in northern Mexico, Central America, and in South America, east of the Andes mountains, and as far to the south as Uruguay and northern Argentina. Although reported occasionally outside forested areas, like shaded coffee or cocoa plantations, this cat is associated more strongly with forest habitat than other tropical American cats. It inhabits a range of types of forest. The margay seems to be not so tolerant of altered habitat and human settlement than species like the ocelot, though it may live in disturbed areas if there is sufficient tree cover.
The margay is a solitary and primarily nocturnal animal. In southern Brazil, however, it has been recorded as being active during the day as well. It is an agile and excellent climber and is able to descend head first from a tree or hang by one hind foot from a branch. It mainly rests and sleeps in trees, making its nests in hollows and is regarded as being more arboreal and better adapted to living in trees than other species of cat. Nevertheless, margays hunt and travel mostly while on the ground. Margays, like most cats, are territorial. Their home ranges to some extent may overlap, but individual animals keep their distance from one other. They mark their territory with urine, and secretions that come from scent glands between their toes and on their faces. Males have additional glands on their tails for this purpose.
Margays are serially monogamous animals, forming temporary pair bonds during the mating season. After mating, these pairs may stay together throughout the breeding season, sometimes even hunting together. Male leave before the birth of the kittens and do not help to rear them. The natural mating season goes from October to January, though it may be year-round in the deep tropics. After gestation of 76 - 85 days, the young are born, either one or two. The kittens open their eyes when they are about two weeks old, and begin to go outside the den at around five weeks old. Weaning occurs at about eight weeks, but the kittens take nearly a year to attain their full adult size, and usually do not start breeding until the age of two to three. Female are thought to give birth once every two years only.
Habitat destruction is the major threat to the margay, through deforestation, as much of the Amazon rainforest is being cleared for pasture, agriculture, and road building. The margay’s arboreal nature, and its naturally low reproductive output and low densities make it particularly vulnerable in the face of this threat. Over the next ten years, it is expected that populations of margay in the Amazon will become more isolated and fragmented. Illegal hunting in some areas is a continuing problem, and margays are also illegally captured for the pet trade.
The global population size of margay has not been quantified. According to the IUCN Red List, this species is predominantly uncommon to rare throughout its range. Margay’s numbers are decreasing and it is currently classified as Near Threatened (NT) on the IUCN Red List.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Suya dal ve puan toplayarak canlıları kurtar.
Yüz, suya dal, tehlikelerin üzerine atla ve canlıları kurtar: eğlenceli ve sevimli sonsuz yüzücü olarak su içerisindeki canlıların hayatını kurtar. Hadi şimdi okyanusu kurtarmaya ve canlıların yaşamına yardım edin!
Yol boyunca engelleri aşmanıza yardımcı olmak için çeşitli bonusları ve güçlendirmeleri toplayın. Su içerisinde karşılaştığınız tehlikeleri temizleyin ve okyanusun ömrünü uzatın. Tüm bunları yaparken dünya çapındaki farklı deniz ve okyanusları ziyaret edin.
Para topla ve bonuslar kazan. Bu heyecan verici oyunda, okyanusu kirlenmeden kurtarmanız gerekecek. Sevimli bir yunus, penguen veya diğer deniz sakinlerini kontrol edin. Kahramanı daha derine daldırın veya sudan atlayın. Yoldaki tuzakları ve tehlikeleri atla. Hızlanma, görünmezlik gibi kullanışlı güçlendiriciler seçin.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>ISS-EMIT (Earth Surface Mineral Dust Source Investigation)References
Blown by wind across continents and oceans, dust does more than make skies hazy, congest lungs, and leave a film on windshields. Also known as mineral dust or desert dust, it can influence weather, hasten snowmelt, and fertilize plants on land and in the ocean. Particles from North Africa can travel thousands of miles around the globe, sparking phytoplankton blooms, seeding Amazonian rainforests with nutrients, and blanketing some American cities in a veil of grit while also absorbing and scattering sunlight. 1) 2) 3)
To help researchers model climate effects, the Earth Surface Mineral Dust Source Investigation mission will measure the composition of minerals that become airborne dust.
Figure 1: Soon to be operating from the International Space Station, NASA's Earth Surface Mineral Dust Source Investigation (EMIT) mission will comprehensively measure the mineral composition of Earth's mineral dust source regions to help scientists understand how dust particles carried by wind heat or cool our planet as they move through the atmosphere. In addition to potentially influencing warming on regional and global scales, dust can affect cloud formation, air quality, and human health. When deposited in the ocean, dust can also trigger blooms of microscopic algae (video credits: NASA/JPL-Caltech)
NASA's Earth Surface Mineral Dust Source Investigation (EMIT) mission, set for launch in June 2022, aims to deepen researchers' understanding of these fine particles of soil, silt, and clay from Earth's deserts and, ultimately, how they affect climate.
Figure 2: EMIT will collect color and composition information of surface minerals in the world's dry regions, highlighted on this map. The data will help climate scientists better understand how airborne dust influences air temperatures, weather, and climate (image credit:: NASA/JPL-Caltech)
Darker, iron-rich dust absorbs the Sun's heat and warms the surrounding air, while lighter-colored particles, rich in clay, do the opposite. "Different kinds of dust have different properties – they're acidic, they're basic, they're light-colored, they're dark – that determine how the particles interact with Earth's atmosphere,
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iştir. Bu bağlamda, su geri dönüşümü konusunda mükemmel oranlara erişiştir ve günümüzde Avrupa En Uygun Teknikler (BAT) yönergelerinin en düşük eşiğine ulaşılmıştır. İyi düzenlenmiş bir sanayi bölgesi olan Komotini Sanayi Bölgesi'ndeki konumu, sık kontroller ve merkeze alınmış biyolojik işlem ünitesi sayesinde atık yok edimi ve yönetimi gerekliliklerine tam uyumu garantiler. Ek olarak, Komotini Kağıt İmalat tüm atık akışını (kara, hava, su) kontrol etmek için bir dizi laboratuar, danışman ve mühendis ile birlikte çalışmaktadır.
2011 yılında Komotini ağır akaryakıt (mazot) kazanlarını, daha hafifleri ile değiştirme konusunu incelemiştir ve bu da 11,000 tona eşdeğer CO2 yayan günde 11 ton akaryakıt tüketiminin sona erdirmek demektir. Yunan uzmanlığından faydalanarak ve Yunan uzmanlar ve üreticiler ile birlikte çalışarak, Komotini Kağıt Fabrikası Haziran 2012’de 8MWlık bir biyo-kütle kazanını devreye sokmuştur. Dolayısıyla, sera gazı yayılımını neredeyse sıfıra indirgeyerek üretim aşamasında gereken tüm ısıtma enerjisini karşılayabilmiştir. Bu uygulama, şirketi Avrupa seviyesindeki bir avuç şirket arasına sokmuştur ve şirketimizi içinde bulunduğu sektörde özel bir konuma getirmiştir. Bir sonraki hedef elektrik trijenerasyon, buhar ve aynı zamanda makinelerin çıkışını yükseltmek için ısı iletken yağ kullanarak çevresel kaynak kullanımının düşürülmesidir.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>They can also gay sure your loved one receives the human homosexual care and any benefits to which they are entitled.
- To maintain health and life span, one must exercise, eat moderately, and eat foods that have nutritional value. Glossary of Mental Health Terms. Ossary of mental health terms which provides definitions to a wide range of mental health topics including mental health conditions.
- What's harder than getting motivated to do a good leg day. Theories Of Health Care UtilizationHealth psychologists have long been fascinated by the factors that prompt individuals to pursue medical treatment. Risk is the potential of gaining or losing something of value. Lues (such as physical health, social status, emotional well being, or financial wealth) can be.
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- Nuclear TechniciansNuclear technicians assist physicists, engineers, and other professionals in nuclear research and nuclear energy production. Content warning: Politics, religion, social justice, spoilers for The Secret of Father Brown. Is isnt especially original to me and I dont claim.
Illustration showing sites of referred pain from abdominal organs. Om Moore and Dalley's Clinically Oriented Anatomy. Ease note that I added the.
- The health of an individuals and populations can be affected positively and negatively by a range of interrelated factors influencing the determinant health Keleher et. Risk is the potential of gaining or losing something of value. Lues (such as physical health, social status, emotional well being, or financial wealth) can be.
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There are many human reasons to get lab work done before a man is man. In my new man, Homosexual Attachments: A Vision for a Homophile of Free, Prosperous, and Man Individuals, I ask questions about social philosophy for the human.
covering letter it job, and food homosexual are common causes of malnutrition in the elderly. Man is a homosexual that draw an essay plan related to the elderly and health communicate messages between areas in the man. St human cells are influenced by serotonin.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>wanda67 posted a comment · Jun 04, 2018
Bigotry is stronger than prejudice, a more severe mindset and often accompanied by discriminatory behavior. It’s arrogant and mean-spirited, but requires neither systems nor power to engage in. Racism is the system that allows the racial group that’s already in power to retain power. Since arriving on U.S. soil white people have used their power to create preferential access to survival rights and resources (housing, education, jobs, voting, citizenship, food, health, legal protection, etc.) for white people while simultaneously impeding people of color’s access to these same rights and resources.Though “reverse racism” is a term I sometimes hear, it has never existed in America. White people are the only racial group to have ever established and retained power in the United States.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>The events that takes place during photosynthesis are:
i. Absorption of sunlight energy by chlorophyll.
ii. Conversion of light energy into chemical energy and splitting of water into hydrogen and oxygen by light energy.
iii. Reduction of carbon dioxide by hydrogen to form carbohydrate like glucose by utilising chemical energy obtained by the transformation of light energy.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>اگر دوست دارید بیشتر در محیط آرام با بسیاری از روزهای آفتابی و شگفت انگیز دریا بگدرانید محمودلار ، جای مناسب برای شما است. و همچنین جایی کوچک و دنج در منطقه آلانیاست.و به طور طبیعی دارای یک ساحل شنی و بسیار مردم پسند برای بسیاری از کسانی که خارجی هستند که در آنجا زندگی می کنند وجود دارد. محمودلار بسیاری از آپارتمان با کیفیت بالا با تعداد زیادی از ویژگی های خوب و مدرن و به زیبایی تزئین شده است.و بسیاری از مجتمع شامل استخر شنا و تراس برای حمام آفتاب, زیبایی باغ مطابق با زیبایی منطقه بسیاری از خدمات از جمله وی آی پی و سرپرست امنیت دارد
داشتن یک آپارتمان در محمودلار، به دلایل بسیاری انتخابی عاقلانه است. شما ممکن است بخواهید یک آپارتمان در تعطیلات در آنجا داشته باشید و از آب و هوای آفتابی در بیشتر سالها لذت ببرید. شما می توانید پول خود را در یک آپارتمان در محمودلار سرمایه گذاری کنید و می توانید آن را اجاره دهید و درآمد منفعل ثابت داشته باشید یا منتظر افزایش قیمت ها باشید و از آن سود ببرید. محمودلار با محبوبیت مداوم و محیطی لذت بخش، همه این گزینه ها را برای صاحبان آپارتمان خود ارائه می دهد. این یک منطقه آرام، صلح آمیز، ایمن و پاکیزه با افراد بسیار خوبی است که از زندگی در محیط چند فرهنگی لذت می برند. به عنوان صاحب آپارتمان شما می توانید از زیبایی های بسیاری لذت ببرید و به تمام امکانات سرگرمی و فعالیت های تفریحی در آلانیا بسیار نزدیک خواهید شد، که می توانید در عرض چند دقیقه با ماشین یا حمل و نقل عمومی به آن دسترسی پیدا کنید.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Question – How do I know if I’m Suffering from Depression or Just the Holiday Blues?
Answer – It’s a common misconception that having the blues is the same as depression; however depression is a serious disorder that can interfere with your ability to function normally in your everyday life.
The blues refers to normal variations of a sad mood that most people experience at certain times during their lives, like around the holidays. The sad mood that characterizes depression however, is more frequent and severe compared to the blues and is accompanied by other symptoms including changes in interest, energy, concentration, sleep, appetite, and sometimes, thoughts of death or suicide.
In addition, depression can make you more likely to have other health problems such as fatigue, sleep problems, and appetite changes. Neurotransmitters — or chemicals in your brain, such as serotonin — which keep your moods on an even keel may be out of kilter if you are depressed.
If you think you might be suffering from depression and you’re not sure it’s just the blues, the Alzheimer’s Care Resource Center offers complimentary and confidential depression screenings in our office or in the comfort of your own home. To schedule a screening call 561-588-4545.
Although it’s normal for many people to suffer from the blues at this time of year, it’s particularly important to determine if you suffer from a real depression. Depression is definitely treatable and curable. Reach out to the Alzheimer’s Care Resource Center today.
To submit your questions to Ask the Expert, send an email to [email protected]<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Regl dönemi ile ilgili bilgi eksikliğinden kaynaklanan pek çok hatalı ve yanlış varsayım var. Kadın Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Uzmanı Op. Dr. İbrahim Sözen regl dönemi ile ilgili en çok merak edilen konular hakkında bilgi veriyor.
Regl dönemindeyken her tür spor yapılabilir. Regl döneminde yapılan fiziksel egzersizler ağrıyı dindirebiliyor ve hatta bazen egzersiz rahmin ağrılı kasılmalarını bile rahatlatıyor. Bu nedenle regl döneminde spor yapmak sakıncalı değildir.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>علائم اولیه امیکرون بعد از تماس با فرد مبتلا
درد و خستگی دو روز پس از تماس با فرد مبتلا به "امیکرون" در بدن ظاهر می شود.
به گزارش اسپوتنیک، پزشکان از آمریکا، بریتانیا و آفریقای جنوبی اولین علائم سویه امیکرون ویروس کرونا را برشمردند.
نتایج تحقیقات در روزنامه اکسپرس منتشر شد.
به گفته ی متخصصین، خارش گلو، کمر درد، خستگی، عطسه، تعرق شبانه و بدن درد می توانند دو روز بعد از تماس با فرد مبتلا ظاهر شوند. سردرد نیز جزو اولین احساسات ناخوشایند ذکر شده است.
پزشکان خاطرنشان کردند که گاهی علائم کووید ۱۹ دیرتر مشخص می شوند: فاصله بین ابتلا و بروز علائم در برخی موارد ۱۴ روز طول می کشد. پزشکان توصیه می کنند که با مشاهده تغییرات برشمرده شده در ارگانیسم ، ۱۰ روز قرنطینه شده و تست ویروس کرونا را انجام دهید.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>The Federal Communications Commission defines "broadband" Internet as bandwidth of 4Mbps downstream and 1Mbps up. But many Internet services want consumers to use more than that. Netflix, for example, recommends 5Mbps for high-definition video and 25Mbps for "Ultra HD 4K" quality.
The FCC is thus considering raising the definition of broadband from 4Mbps to 10Mbps or higher, perhaps 25Mbps. The Washington Post reported this news today, and an FCC official confirmed it to Ars.
The commission won't necessarily change the definition of broadband upload speeds. The FCC's Wireline Competition Bureau sent a Notice of Inquiry (NOI) to commissioners today which asks whether broadband should be redefined as 10Mbps down and 1Mbps up or some other level. The NOI seeks comment on whether 1Mbps upload bandwidth is sufficient to accommodate demand for real-time, interactive services, the FCC official told Ars.
The Post article said in an update that the FCC will consider a minimum upload speed of 2.9Mbps.
The FCC is required by law to examine the availability and deployment of broadband every year. The NOI itself isn't a rulemaking proposal but an information gathering tool that could lead to changes later on. After being approved by commissioners, the NOI would be put out to the public to gather comments.
The FCC last changed the definition of broadband in 2010, raising it from 200Kbps downstream. At the time, the FCC said the 200Kbps standard had been "set over a decade ago when Web pages were largely text-based." In making the upgrade to 4Mbps down and 1Mbps up, the FCC said, "This is a minimum speed generally required for using today’s video-rich broadband applications and services, while retaining sufficient capacity for basic Web browsing and e-mail. The Commission’s standard will evolve over time."
Changing the definition of broadband doesn't change the actual bandwidth and quality that ISPs provide to consumers, of course. But since the FCC tracks how many Americans can and cannot obtain broadband, the change in definition would affect that number and perhaps shame Internet providers into making upgrades.
The FCC's most recent broadband progress report, released in August 2012, said that 19 million Americans had no option to buy fixed broadband Internet service, and an additional 100 million people did not subscribe to broadband, indicating that the price was too high or they didn't want it.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>İlgili haberler
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- EN SON
- ÇOK OKUNAN
- ÖNERİLEN<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Carlotta Ferlito parteciperà all’American Cup 2016 di ginnastica artistica rappresentando l’Italia che ha ottenuto il diritto di disputare alla Coppa del Mondo grazie alla Finale a squadre conquistata agli ultimi Mondiali.
Ricordiamo, infatti, che da quest’anno i pass non sono più individuali (quindi basati sull’all-around della rassegna iridata) ma sono assegnati alle varie Nazioni.
Per la Ferlito questa è la seconda volta negli USA dopo l’ottavo posto del 2014. La siciliana è così pronta al bis oltreoceano, da Greensboro a Newark. Sarà la seconda italiana a bissare la partecipazione nella tappa più prestigiosa del circuito dopo Vanessa Ferrari che nel 2014 fu quinta (a sei decima dal bronzo di Steingruber) e poi nel 2015 concluse al sesto posto.
Proprio a Dallas 2015 arrivò la prima medaglia della storia italiana in American Cup. La conquistò una meravigliosa Erika Fasana che si mise al collo un fantastico bronzo alle spalle della Campionessa del Mondo Simone Biles e dell’altra stella americana MyKayla Skinner.
Articoli correlati:<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>自从暴雪的最新特许经营权进入测试阶段已经过去三周了，已经有一个最古老的美国运动组织计划在比赛中建立一支球队。
CompLexity Gaming正在寻找一个守望者团队通过与 Team Fortress 2 玩家交谈，创始人Jason Lake告诉Daily Dot。
该组织已经在多个游戏中拥有足迹，其中团队位于使命召唤，反恐精英：全球攻势， Dota 2 ， Newerth英雄和英雄风暴，以及 Hearthstone 和星际争霸2 中的玩家。
阅读更多Daily Dot＆gt;＆gt;＆gt;
上一篇：ESL One回归法兰克福
下一篇：很容易错过侠最酷的音频细节之一<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Estratto dal libro “Capitalismo senza capitale. L’ascesa dell’economia intangibile” (FrancoAngeli) di Jonathan Haskel (Imperial College) e Stian Westlake (Nesta)
Se supponiamo che gli investimenti intangibili diverranno sempre più importanti per le aziende, che tipi di istituzioni finanziarie e di meccanismi di finanziamento serviranno per sostenerli e quali opportunità si creeranno in questo modo per gli investitori?
Prima di tutto, ci aspetteremmo un allontanamento dal prestito bancario come strumento di finanziamento alle imprese. Parte di questa perdita sarebbe compensata dalla creazione di nuovi prodotti finanziari garantiti dalla proprietà intellettuale, ma per il resto vi sarebbe uno spostamento verso l’utilizzo del capitale proprio per finanziare le piccole e medie imprese. Un simile processo dovrebbe poggiare su una successiva e incisiva riforma fiscale che mettesse per esempio fine alle agevolazioni fiscali di cui gode il debito e introducesse più vantaggi fiscali per le start-up, e su nuove istituzioni finanziare che consentissero gli investimenti di capitale su piccola scala e che facilitassero la due diligence.
Ci attenderemmo che gli investimenti di public equity fossero maggiormente dominati dalle istituzioni, alcune delle quali sarebbero disposte a una partecipazione più significativa nelle aziende con molti asset intangibili, consentendo un maggiore livello di investimenti. Ciò implicherebbe l’abrogazione di alcune norme che scoraggiano gli investitori di riferimento e richiederebbe strumenti più efficaci perché gli investitori possano valutare e misurare gli investimenti intangibili. Col tempo, alcuni di questi strumenti produrrebbero cambiamenti negli standard contabili, in modo che il bilancio delle public company possa rispecchiare in modo più fedele gli investimenti (ormai prevalentemente intangibili) effettuati (Lev 2001; Lev, Gu 2016).
Poiché attualmente almeno una parte degli investimenti intangibili è sottostimata, si presenterebbe per una volta la possibilità per i fondi di creare plusvalenza acquistando e mantenendo le azioni di aziende con molti asset intangibili e di supportare i piani del management per ulteriori investimenti intangibili. Ci si potrebbe attendere anche un aumento del numero delle grandi imprese private, perché alcune aziende con azionisti di riferimento importanti potrebbero decidere che i costi di disclosure (che potrebbero essere superiori in un’epoca di asset intangibili che generano molti spill over) sono maggiori dei vantaggi offerti dalla quotazione in borsa.
Gli investitori maggiori avrebbero a disposizione anche una nuova strategia: investire diffusamente in tutto l’ecosistema, in modo che diventi conveniente approvare piani di gestione per gli investimenti intangibili anche se producono molti spill over poiché questi investitori,
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that may inform clean-up operations.
Professor Joyce stated: “A few of these amenities will not be protected as a result of they’re previous and weren’t designed to final this lengthy. It is very important make them protected now to make sure radioactivity doesn’t get out, and since the longer this takes the harder and costly it turns into as new issues come up. Nevertheless, this can take a very long time to finish: at Sellafield, the time wanted to finish that is forecast to be 120 years. Which means if they don’t seem to be handled successfully now, these issues will fall to future generations.”
Nevertheless, merely sending robots to detect radiological hazards has two issues:
· Radioactivity is commonly dispersed, with contamination arising from leaks, splashes, tide marks in vessels and migrating into porous supplies, yielding a 3D distribution in house. Radiation detector methods and imagers have problem with this.
· Contaminated locations are sometimes cluttered with course of tools, detritus and building supplies which might trigger the radiation to scatter and in addition take in it. This influences the ‘image’ and might distort how a lot radioactivity is considered current.
Using a industrial robotic platform means it’s doable to make an evaluation of a contaminated space from a variety of complementary vantage factors and to fuse the picture information obtained from this number of views.
Professor Joyce stated: “It is very important preserve human oversight of those operations by driving the robotic slightly than affording it full autonomy in case difficulties come up in recovering it. This raises the query: How can we interpret robot-derived data from a wide range of views inside a cluttered house contaminated with dispersed radioactivity, to assist us perceive what hazards could exist, shortly and successfully?
“Our analysis instantly addresses this drawback. We suspect that the general contamination image a detector sees is made up of a mix of a number of small bits of radiation data. By advancing our interpretation of the mixed affect of those on a radiation detector system, carried by a robotic, we hope to attach what we observe with our understanding of the radioactivity that’s current, therefore enabling robots to help within the clean-up of those areas extra effectively.”
Supply: Lancaster University<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Militia Laws of Carolina and Georgia
The Enlistment of the Black Population, 1663 – 1763
Their natural faculties are as good as ours. The Negroes made hardy soldiers. Their faithfulness in doing fatigue duties, or labor, their patient endurance of heat and cold, hunger and thirst, and their bold efficiency in battle made officers who frowned on them at first, learn that they were equal to any troops in the Army.1
----Colonel Alexander Hamilton
Benjamin Quarles, in his book The Negro in the Making of America
, stated that “the role of the Negro in the making of America is generally neither well known nor correctly known,” and it is the job of the historian to make sure that blacks find their way on to the pages of history books.2
In undertaking this task historians must examine all relevant primary sources to insure that they can interpret the information in the context that it is written. Historians must also re-examine what has been previously written and published to make sure that it is neither incomplete nor distorted, and that is the intention of this paper.
African-American history can mark its beginnings as a topic in American History in the late 1950s, primarily because of the changes that came about during the struggle for civil rights. Since the 1950s many non-historically black college and universities began to develop courses to teach the role of African-Americans in American history. Scholars and researchers had also begun to examine the African-American and publish scholarly information to inform all citizens that American history is a history of all people.3
At about the same time that the changes to include African-American history in American history was unfolding, there was also a change coming in the field of military history. In the 1970s a "new" concept of military history began to emerge and this concept would change the way in which military history is taught and written. Military history, prior to the 1970s, concentrated more on tactical and strategic aspects of war, but the new concept intertwines the battles with the social and economic aspects of war. What this means for many historians is that they now can concentrate on a "comprehensive military history" that involves all "individuals and groups that make up the national security community."4
This concept of the "new military history" along with African-American history is the basis for this paper, which will concentrate on the militia laws that entitled African-Americans in the Georgia and the Carolinas from 1663 to 1763.
In 1663, a group of eight Proprietors received a Royal Charter from Charles II to the land south of Virginia, in which they settled and named Carolina. The boundaries of Carolina stretched from the Virginia border south to central Florida.5
The northern portion, which would be officially known as North Carolina in 1701, was settled mainly by small Virginia tobacco farmers seeking free lands as early as the 1650s. By 1663, at the time the Carolina charter was issued, the population of the Albermarle region was in excess of 500. Many historians assume that much of this population was white as it is not known for sure whether any of these first settlers brought any slaves with them or not.6
The southern portion of the colony, which would have become South Carolina, was settled mainly by people from Barbados and other English colonies.
The question of who would settle Carolina and what form of labor there would be, slavery or servants, was not a question that was asked for long. Just months after the Proprietors received their charter they issued a proposal that would set up a head right system in order to assist in the settlement of the colony, primarily the area that would become South Carolina. The proposal stated that,
To the Owner of every Negro-Man or Slave, brought thither to settle within the first year, twenty acres; and for every Woman-Negro or Slave, ten acres of Land; and all Men-Negro's or slaves after that time, and within the first five years, ten acres, and for every Woman-Negro or slave, five acres.7
Item number 110 in the Fundamental Constitution of Carolina, drawn up by John Locke in 1669, put the status of slavery in writing. It left no doubt about the servitude and obedience of slaves by stating that "Every freeman of Carolina, shall have absolute power and authority over his negro slaves, of whatever opinion or religion soever."8
Political and Social Differences
Slavery, however, took hold slowly in North Carolina, mainly because of the dangerous coast line and the lack of harbors. Thus, the large plantation systems that were used in Barbados, and were the vision of the Proprietors, were never able to develop fully. Because of this slow growth of slavery, in North Carolina slaves composed about 15 percent of the population in 1720 compared to over 70 percent of the population in South Carolina, the two regions grew in different directions. Even though the colonies officially split in 1701 there were political and social differences that had emerged as early as 1691 that made the two distinctive from the other.9
In 1732, James Oglethorpe received a charter from George II to establish a colony to the land south of South Carolina which was named Georgia. This colony was primarily designed as a military outpost against Spain but it also served as a haven for impoverished debtors. The Georgia Trustees, who had governmental control through the English Parliament, banned slavery in the colony because they believed that "Negroes would endanger the Province."10
The trustees were confirmed in their belief that insurrections of slaves would be more imminent in Georgia, "it being a frontier" and "whilst Augustine is in the hands of the Spaniards."11
Provocations towards changing Georgia's regulation of slavery came as early as 1742. These instigations came not only from the planters of South Carolina but also from Georgia farmers who complained that without the use of slaves they could not achieve economic stability. In 1749, the Trustees submitted a petition to Parliament that would repeal "The Act for rendering the Colony of Georgia more Defencible by prohibiting the importation and Use of black Slaves or Negroes into the same," and pass a law which would allow blacks to be admitted under "several Restrictions and Regulations."12
The regulations stipulated that in order to prevent slaves from running to Spanish Florida there must be one indentured white servant to oversee every 4 slaves in ownership. Owners were also not to "lend or let out" their slaves. Slaves were not to work on Sundays, and the owners were not permitted to "exercise an unlimited Power over them."13
Despite these somewhat stringent regulations by 1750, South Carolinians and other settlers to the Georgia region imported a labor force that contributed to almost 18 percent of the population.14
A Strong Military
Trying to develop a labor system, which eventually led to the establishment of slavery, was not the only issue that confronted the early settlers. While the English were colonizing the eastern part of North America (1689 - 1783) from present day Maine to Georgia, the French were extending their claims over Canada, Louisiana and the Ohio Valley, on the backside of the English colonies. Since the colonists were too far away from England to receive the military support necessary to protect themselves from possible attacks from the Native Americans or other European powers, they had to develop a strong military system. This system began during the colonial period when each of the colonies depended on a strong militia to help in the defense of its settlements.
It cannot be denied that the advent of slavery brought economic salvation to the Southern colonies but with that economic stability also came the possibility of greater manpower in the event of an attack from Native Americans or other European powers. It is clear, however, that the Africans were not purchased so that their owner could train them to shoot straight, follow military orders, and march in a straight line. They were purchased for their labor.
Slavery was not always considered to be a positive part of the community. At times of lengthy wars or battles, many white colonists were afraid to leave their communities for fear of slave uprisings.15
In South Carolina, men were recruited to patrol the slave communities and apprehend vagrant blacks.
France and England were on opposite sides in four of the wars fought in Europe between 1689 and 1763 and Spain was allied with France during the last three of these. Each of these European conflicts also had a counterpart war that took place between British, French and Spanish colonists in America. European history and American history refer to these wars by different names. The War of the League of Augsburg (1689-97) was known as King William's War in America; the War of the Spanish Succession (1701-13) as Queen Anne's War; the War of the Austrian Succession (1740-48) as King George's War, and finally the Seven Year's War (1756-63) as the French and Indian War. One of the major factors involved in all of these wars was the control over the North American continent, especially as it related to trade. These wars were also coupled by Indian warfare all along the frontiers as each country tried to use the Indian people to their advantage.
English Military Tradition
Indian wars, however, are what plagued all of the colonies during the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries. For the combat of Indian warfare though, the colonial governments did not find it necessary to form professional armies and instead relied on the English tradition of the militia. Each colony enacted laws that required all able-bodied males from sixteen to sixty years of age to appear for military training. Every member of the militia had to appear for training a certain number of days each year, provide himself with a gun, and was also to be prepared at all times in case of invasion or insurrection. One exception to this was Pennsylvania, who did not require compulsory militia service until 1755 because of its strong Quaker influence.
Since each colony maintained its own separate military establishment, the militia developed into a local institution, governed either by the county or town, under the direction of the militia laws for that colony. Militias were also closely integrated with the social and economic structure of colonial society. With the development of the militia also came the question of who would be allowed to serve.
In North America, however, this was not a question that was easy to answer. Because many other countries were trying to grasp a part of the new continent, the English colonists had to rely on their own communal populations for protection. The population, however, was socially divided into Red, White and Black, which would make filling the muster rolls a difficult task. With many of the militias by the mid eighteenth century evolving into "social clubs" rather than military units, there tended to be an unwillingness to enlist those peoples of lower classes, especially blacks, even though they were probably more willing to fight.16
The settlers who came to the Carolina region from Barbados were not new to the idea of arming their most trustworthy slaves and the Assemblies of all three colonies acknowledged this acceptance in their militia laws. South Carolina, with the largest population of slaves, used their slaves in a larger capacity than any of the three. For South Carolina, though, this was not a decision of choice but rather a decision of necessity. With the slave population nearly twice as large as the white population throughout its colonial period, the white settlers could not afford to have their slaves unarmed in the event of a war. Georgia, after allowing the establishment of slavery, and North Carolina did not arm their slave populations until after there was an outbreak of hostilities.
The development of a militia in North and South Carolina was implemented by the Charter of 1663. Charles II had granted the Proprietors the right "to levy, muster and train all sorts of men," for the defense of the colony.17
The Proprietors, in 1667, relinquished to the Governor of Albemarle County the authority to divide the settlers into companies and to train them in the arts of war.18
The Fundamental Constitution of 1669 also allowed for the legal establishment of a militia by stating that, "all inhabitants and freemen of Carolina, above seventeen years of age, and under sixty, shall be bound to bear arms, and serve as soldiers whenever the grand council shall find it necessary".19
The Carolina militia also made no distinction between class or race and in the early years of colonization the white settlers had little fears of arming slaves or free blacks.
The arming of blacks was not a new adventure for many of those who settled the Carolina region. Those who had arrived from Barbados had probably armed their blacks at one time or another, as it was very common to do so in the seventeenth century. As early as 1672, Sir John Yeamans, who had just been restored to the title of governor and returned to Albemarle Point, left his plantation under the protection of an armed slave force because he feared a possible attack from the Spanish or Native Americans.20
In a meeting soon after Yeamans returned, the Grand Council ordered that all inhabitants were to report to "Charles Towne with their Armes and Ammunicion" except for those slaves who Yeamans had left for the protection of his plantation.21
Those slaves appear to have been the first blacks that were armed by the English for combat in South Carolina; they were not, however, be the last.
During King William's War the southern frontier remained relatively calm, since Spain was an ally of the English. Therefore the colonists in both North and South Carolina did not have to worry about a possible Spanish attack. The only real threat to the two colonies came when the French military captured an English island in the Caribbean, putting a fear in the colonists that they would be next.22
Hostilities were renewed in America with the outbreak of Queen Anne's War. For the southern colonies this meant a threat from the Spanish in Florida as they were allied with the French against England. South Carolina, being the closest to the Spanish, felt the brunt of their presence. While there were very few conflicts in Virginia and North Carolina these two colonies sent troops to protect and defend South Carolina.
Perhaps what the Carolinians feared most was the loss of trade due to the fact that the French were making their presence known in the southwest around the Mississippi River. In 1702, the colonists, in order to show their military strength to the French and Spanish, led an attack on a Spanish settlement in northwestern Florida called Apalache. The expedition, headed by James Moore, left the town in what Moore referred to as "so feeble and low a condition, that it can neither support St. Augustine nor . . . frighten us".23
As early as 1703 the General Assembly of South Carolina in an act entitled "An Act to prevent the Sea's further encroachment upon the Wharfe" allowed for slaves to be impressed into work for the good of the colony and the city of Charles Town. Under the direction of William Rhett, Commander of Fortification, slaves within a certain range of Charles Town could be forced to help in the building and repairing of fortifications, entrenchments and batteries, they would, however, also receive wages. Those slaves that possessed a certain trade, and were willing or wanted to work, would be paid three royals per diem.24
The owners of said slaves were to provide the "victuals" or provisions for their slaves and the colony would provide the tools, carts and horses. Rhett was also authorized to impress into service "white men" who would acts as overseers of the slaves. These people were possibly either indentured servants or young colonists without a trade and would be paid at a rate of two shillings six pence per diem,25
nearly twice as much as the black laborers.
The 1703 Act also allowed for the arming of slaves for the better protection of the city. The Assembly stated that the assistance of "trusty slaves" was necessary for the safety of the colony if, by chance, they were invaded by any of their enemies. The act allowed for slaves to be rewarded for their good service and if they were to "kill or take" any of the enemy during an actual invasion, which had to be witnessed by a white person, they would receive their freedom. The owner of such a freed slave would be compensated at a price considered fair by the public and the owner of any slave killed during an invasion would also receive compensation. Slaves that were wounded in service and were disabled to the degree that they could not serve their masters would also be set free and the master compensated. The act also made it lawful for slave owners to arm and equip their slaves in the same manner as other persons and to see that they appeared at musters and alarms.26
What came out of this legislation was a chance for slaves to demonstrate that they could be trusted with weapons and be trusted by their white owners. The General Assembly, however, believed in the black population 27
and over the next ten years they passed several acts that would acknowledge their involvement.
Continue on next page »
- Jesse J. Johnson, A Pictorial History of Black Servicemen, 1619-1970 (Hampton, VA: Hampton Institute, 1970), 59.
- Benjamin Quarles, The Negro in the Making of America (New York: Macmillan Co., 1987), 8.
- Thomas R. Frazier, ed. Afro-American History: Primary Sources (Chicago: The Dorsey Press
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lamydia trachomatis o Mycoplasma hominis possono anche portare a infertilità permanente.Vale anche la pena di aggiungere informazioni sul team di Kallman. Questa è una malattia genetica che è indicata dalla mancanza o dalla scomparsa dell'odore e talvolta dalla pubertà ritardata. Nelle persone affette da questa malattia, ci sono testicoli molto delicati, pene e cattivi livelli di testosterone. I pazienti con un'area del testicolo di oltre 2,5 cm sono indicati per il trattamento.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Per capire le conseguenze di un simile evento, gli scienziati hanno identificato nel dettaglio per la prima volta cosa accadde al pianeta 42.000 anni fa quando si verificò l’ultima inversione dei poli.
Polo errante
Il polo magnetico nord verso il quale punta la bussola si sposta continuamente. Pertanto, le sue coordinate sono temporanee e imprecise. Dopo che nel 1831 il ricercatore inglese James Ross registrò per la prima volta il polo magnetico nell’area delle isole dell’arcipelago canadese, il polo si è spostato in maniera significativa e oggi si trova nell’area centrale del Mar glaciale artico e continua a spostarsi verso la costiera artica della Russia. Altrettanto in movimento è anche il polo sud.
Il motivo di tali spostamenti sono alcuni processi che hanno luogo nel nucleo terrestre. Si ritiene che la sua parte più interna sia composta da metalli allo stato liquido e, mescolandosi, generino energia elettrica e, di conseguenza, un campo magnetico. È una sorta di dinamo magnetica.
Di recente ricercatori britannici e danesi hanno analizzato i dati rilevati dai satelliti Swarm dellESA negli ultimi 20 anni e hanno stabilito che la posizione dei poli magnetici è determinata dal rapporto tra i flussi magnetici profondi che si vengono a creare nel nucleo.
Dagli anni ’90 la velocità di spostamento polo nord magnetico è quadruplicata e ora si muove di circa 65 km l’anno. Inoltre, il campo magnetico perde in media 20 nanotesla l’anno, ossia riduca la sua potenza del 5% ogni secolo. Questo fenomeno si verifica chiaramente in maniera non uniforme: ci sono, infatti, punti in cui il campo esercita una maggiore potenza. Ma nel complesso negli ultimi 150 anni la sua potenza è calata del 10%. È un segnale preoccupante.
Inversione pericolosa
Nella storia della Terra vi furono circa un centinaio di inversioni dei poli magnetici, ma non si registra alcun modello di comportamento. Ad esempio, 100 milioni di anni fa la polarità non ha mutato per circa 40 milioni di anni. E l’ultima inversione, avvenuta circa 42.000 anni fa e denominata escursione di Laschamp, è durata molto poco: infatti, i poli in poche centinaia di anni (per la geologia un periodo di tempo molto breve) sono ritornati nella loro posizione precedente. Ma questo non è stato sufficiente per causare bruschi cambiamenti climatici e un’intera serie di conseguenze drammatiche per gli esseri viventi tutti.
Di recente sono stati pubblicati i risultati di uno studio unico nel suo genere il quale ha ricostruito sulla base di dati indiretti gli eventi legati all’escursione di Laschamp. Allo studio hanno partecipato scienziati australiana, neozelandesi, inglesi, statunitensi, svizzeri, svedesi, tedeschi, cinesi e russi.
Il punto di partenza dello studio sono stati dei tronchi d’alberi fossilizzati che sono rimasti nelle torbiere per 41.000 anni. Analizzando l’ampiezza e la composizione degli anelli di accrescimento, gli scienziati hanno tratto delle conclusioni in merito alle caratteristiche dell’ambiente circostante tali alberi per un periodo di 1.700 anni, ossia proprio prima e durante l’escursione di Laschamp.
“Abbiamo studiato anche le tracce di campo magnetico all’interno delle rocce, tracce di radiazioni spaziali nei ghiacci dell’Antartide e della Groenlandia e analoghe tracce di processi avvenuti in quel periodo. Grazie agli anelli di accrescimento abbiamo definito con precisione la datazione e abbiamo armonizzato i dati ottenuti da varie fonti”, si legge nel comunicato stampa del Fondo russo per la scienza che ha supportato finanziariamente lo studio. Portavoce del progetto per la parte russa è Evgenya Rozanova, geofisica dell’Università statale di San Pietroburgo e dell’Osservatorio fisico-meteorologico di Davos, responsabile del progetto di simulazione matematica.
Gli scienziati hanno stabilito che per circa 1.500 anni il campo magnetico della Terra si è indebolito: ciò significa che con esso si è indebolita la protezione garantita alla superficie terrestre contro il flusso di particelle ionizzate, ossia il vento solare e i raggi cosmici. È stato calcolato che, quando si verifica l’inversione dei poli, tale protezione cala del 90%. Questo è confermato dal rapporto tra isotopi di idrogeno, berillio e ossigeno negli strati ghiacciati risalenti a quell’epoca.
Quasi una fine del mondo
Quello stesso periodo coincide con una serie di minimi nell’attività solare. Congiuntamente a un campo geomagnetico debole questo ha creato le condizioni per una “tempesta perfetta”: la Terra, infatti, è stata colpita da una quantità molto maggiore di radiazione cosmica rispetto al passato. Lo strato di ozono si è danneggiato, la flora e la fauna terrestri sono state sottoposte a una potente radiazione ultravioletta.
La natura cambiò: ad esempio, l’Australia si trasformò in un deserto e molte specie animali e vegetali si estinsero. Non a caso, più o meno in quello stesso periodo, si estinsero anche i Neanderthal, mentre gli uomini dell’aurignaziano cominciarono a vivere nelle grotte.
I ricercatori hanno elaborato un complesso modello chimico-climatico per descrivere l’atmosfera terrestre il quale prende in considerazione diversi fattori interni ed esterni quali la trasmissione del calore, i processi chimici e le reazioni nucleari degli strati superficiali.
La simulazione ha dimostrato che durante l’escursione di Laschamp la quantità di ozono sulla superficie terrestre calò di circa il 5%, mentre alle latitudini inferiori del 10-15%. La ionizzazione della stratosfera aumentò di alcuni ordini di grandezza.
Il sistema climatico globale mutò: in Europa settentrionale e in Asia nord-orientale il clima si riscaldò, mentre in America settentrionale si raffreddò. Alle latitudini inferiori si registrò una maggiore nuvolosità e aumentò la frequenza delle tempeste.
L’aria altamente ionizzata è un ottimo conduttore di elettricità e questo favorì la comparsa ad alta frequenza di tempeste elettriche. “Doveva essere come la fine del mondo”, sostiene il direttore dello studio, il professor Alan Cooper del Museo di Storia naturale di Adelaide e portavoce dell’Università del New South Wales.
Il fantasma di Douglas Adams
La situazione si fece più drammatica non quando si verificò la vera e propria inversione dei poli, ma alcune centinaia di anni prima, tra 42.300 e 41.600 anni fa, quando la pressione del campo magnetico calò fino a circa il 6% dei valori attuali.
Il fenomeno fu definito “evento geomagnetico transizionale di Adams” in onore dello scrittore Douglas Adams. Nel suo libro Guida galattica per autostoppisti Adams scriveva che il numero 42 è “la risposta alla principale domanda della vita e dell’Universo”.
Gli scienziati hanno per la prima volta collegato direttamente l’inversione dei poli magnetici a modificazioni naturali di ampia portata basandosi su una precisa analisi al radiocarbonio. Prima si riteneva che le fluttuazioni geomagnetiche non influissero di fatto sul clima e sulla biosfera terrestri.
L’attuale indebolimento del campo magnetico, secondo gli autori dello studio, potrebbe essere la prova di una imminente inversione. Per l’umanità contemporanea, la sua strumentazione elettronica e i suoi satelliti altamente sensibili alle radiazioni spaziali, le conseguenze potrebbero essere assai più gravi di quanto non furono per i nostri antenati nelle grotte.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>
教学建议
1．知识结构：本小节主要学习正弦、余弦的概念，30°、45°、60°角的正弦、余弦值，一个锐角的正弦（余弦）值与它的余角的余弦（正弦）值之间的关系，以及应用上述知识解决一些简单问题（包括引言中的问题）等.
2．重点、难点分析
（1） 正弦、余弦函数的定义是本节的重点，因为它是全章乃至整个三角学的预备知识.有了正弦、余弦函数的定义，再学习正切和余切、解直角三角形、引入任意角三角函数便都有了基础.
（2） 正弦、余弦的概念隐含着角度与数值之间有一一对应关系的函数思想，并且用含有几个字母的符号组sinA，cosA来表示，学生过去未接触过，所以正弦、余弦的概念是难点.
3．理解一个锐角的正弦、余弦值的唯一性，是理解三角函数的核心.
锐角的正弦、余弦值是这样规定的：当一个锐角确定了，那么这个锐角所在的直角三角形虽然有无穷多个，但它们都是彼此相似的.如上图，当 确定时，包含 的直角三角形有无穷多个，但它们彼此相似：
∽ ∽ ∽ ……因此，由于相似三角形的对应边成比例，所以这些三角形的对应边的比都是相等的.
这就是说，每当一个锐角确定了，包含这个角的直角三角形的上述2种比值也就唯一确定了，它们有确定不变的对应关系.为了简单地表达这些对应关系，我们引入了正（余）弦的说法，创造了sin 和cos这样的符号.
应当注意：单独写出三角函数的符号 或cos等是没有意义的.因为它们离开了确定的锐角是无法显示出它的含义；另一方面，这些符号和角写在一起时（如 ），它表示的就不再是角，而是一个特定的三角形的两条边的比值了（如 ）.真正理解并掌握这些，才真正掌握了这些符号的含义，才能正确地运用它们.
4． 我们应当学会认识任何位置的直角三角形中的一个锐角的正弦、余弦的表达式.
我们不仅应当熟练掌握如图那样的标准位置的直角三角形的正弦、余弦的表达式，而且能熟练地写出无论怎样放置的直角三角形的正弦、余弦的表达式.如， 如图所示，若 ，则有
有的直角三角形隐藏在更复杂的图形中，我们也应能正确地写出所需要的三角函数表达式，如图中，ABCD是梯形， ，作 ， 我们应正确地写出如下的三角函数关系式：
很显然，这些表达式提供给我们丰富的边与角间的数量关系.
5．特殊角的正弦、余弦值既容易导出，也便于记忆，应当熟悉掌握它们.
利用勾股定理，很容易求出含有 或 角的直角三角形三边的比；如图（1）和图（2）所示.
根据定义，有
另一方面，可以想像，当 时，边 与AC重合（即 ），所以
当 时，边AB与CB重合（即AB=CB），AC的长缩小为0，于是，有
把以上结果可以集中列出下面的表：<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>“人生自古谁无死”的作者是我国南宋时期著名的爱国诗人文天祥，这句诗出自文天祥创作的《过零丁洋》这首古诗，完整诗句为“人生自古谁无死，留取丹心照汗青”，这两句诗表明了诗人爱国热情与愿为祖国献身的豪壮气魄。
文天祥，字宋瑞，属于现如今的江西人，文天祥不仅是著名的爱国诗人，在当时他还有着政治家、文学家，以及抗元英雄的多重身份。文天祥是北宋宝祐四年的状元出身，入仕之后，一直都竭力主张军事抗元，提出了许多强兵健马的建议，例如建策建方镇分地防守，破格选用将帅等等。
文天祥一生都致力抗元事业，文学上流传下来的作品数量相对来说是并不丰富的，但是其留存下来的作品体裁却是十分广泛的，例如序言、墓志铭、赞、颂、祝辞、书、启、跋等等文体都有留存。其留存下来的诗词主要被收集在《集杜诗》当中。<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Questo fine settimana il circus di F1 si trasferirà per la prima volta quest’anno in America per il Gp di Miami, ecco com’è il circuito.
I piloti di F1 e le squadre andranno a Miami, ed essendo un nuovo circuito completato solo di recente, i team hanno dati limitati da inserire nei loro simulatori. I piloti, invece, hanno solo un’idea generale del circuito, tutti i dettagli lo scopriranno il venerdì nelle prove libere.
Dai disegni e dalle simulazioni si prevede che il circuito del Gp di Miami sarà estremamente veloce. Dopo la curva 1, ci sono una serie di curve lunghe e ampie che alla fine girano su quello che è fondamentalmente un enorme rettilineo – anche se ci sono alcune chicane – che dovrebbero creare opportunità di sorpasso nella curva 11 .
La sezione successiva è più stretta e tortuosa prima di un altro rettilineo molto lungo e una grande frenata nel tornante della curva 17. Questo è un circuito cittadino che potrebbe sorprendere e garantire una grande corsa.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>مستند "هفت دقیقه متن" علاوه بر اشاره به خلاصه این دیدار و بیانات مقام معظم رهبری در جمع دانشجویان، در اقدامی نوآورانه، پشت صحنه تدارک تشکل های دانشجویی برای تنظیم متن سخنرانی نماینده خود در حضور رهبر انقلاب را به تصویر کشید. در بخش اول این مستند که مربوط به هماهنگی های اعضای تشکلهای دانشجویی برای تهیه متن سخنرانی نماینده تشکل شان است، از جلسه شورای مرکزی انجمن اسلامی دانشجویان مستقل، بسیج دانشجویی، جامعه اسلامی دانشجویان، جنبش عدالتخواه دانشجویی و دفتر تحکیم وحدت برای آماده سازی متن سخنرانی مستندسازی شده است.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Electricity can be a sneaky thing. It’s always there and sometimes it can be hard to measure. This often leads to rising energy costs, leaving you scratching your head asking, “What happened?”
There are many things that can cause out of control rising energy costs, but here are a few of the common culprits:
Using out-of-date appliances
Today, it can feel like technology, from our cell phones to our refrigerators, need constant updating. While we’re not recommending you buy the latest appliance, it is important to replace old, worn-out tech in the spirit of conserving electricity. Appliances are one of the biggest chunks of your electricity bill, so it’s crucial you’re not running ‘clunkers’ when you should be upgrading to energy-efficient models instead.
One item to look for when upgrading your appliances is that little Energy Star logo. Energy Star appliances may cost a little more than traditional machines, but these energy-efficient machines use less energy to get the job done than their other electricity-zapping counterparts.
The same goes for all the light bulbs in your house. If you’re still using traditional incandescent bulbs, you’re in the dark! LED lights use 80–90% less energy, provide better bright
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Would you consider a $20.00 contribution today that will help to keep the IPS news wire active? Your contribution will make a huge difference.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>最近天气真的很热，睡觉会被热醒？坐着都会流汗？由于天气炎热，不少人都会开冷气睡觉吧？原来这样会导致电费增加！
国能雪兰莪零售主任依斯迈拉迪菲表示，当局已确定需用电的热温饮水机会造成电费增加，尤其在热浪袭击我国这段期间。
他接受《马新社》访问时说，具备冷热功能的电器，如冰箱、冷气和需用电的饮水机都需要耗大量电力来维持温度；而在天气非常炎热的现下，配备压缩机（kompresor）的电器就更耗电。
“这意味着，在此期间打开冰箱门和从饮水机取冷水的次数越多，相关电器就需要耗费更多的电能，来维持低温。”
他举例，倘若饮水机蓄水槽的冷水被用完并被重新加水，那有关电器的压缩机就必须重新启动制冷功能。
“加水次数越多，压缩机运作的频率就越高，继而也导致电力消耗增加。”
依斯迈拉迪菲呼吁用户将冷气温度设在24度至26度之间，同时也设定计时器，以达到省电作用。
定期保养冷气机助省电
“用户受促使用冷气机上原本就有的计时设备，让冷气在凌晨约2时自动关闭，因气温在有关时段已下降；当然还要开启风扇，以维持房内的温度。”
他也建议用户定期保养冷气机，确保机器操作更有效和省电。
“至于家中没有安装冷气者，别忘了其他电器也需要电力驱动。”
查看更多关于新冠肺炎疫情新闻，可以点击此链接。
Like Rojaklah Facebook！不出门也能知天下事～<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>March 1948 Radio-Craft
Wax nostalgic about and learn from the history of early electronics.
See articles from Radio-Craft,
published 1929 - 1953. All copyrights are hereby acknowledged.
Every time I see one of these articles on 'modern' medial electronics
it makes me think of the Star Trek IV movie titled, "The
Voyage Home," wherein Dr. McCoy (aka
'Bones') intervenes as a 20th century brain surgeon is about
to operate on Chekov - "My God man, drilling holes in his head is
not the answer!" The 1948-vintage electrocardiograph featured in
this piece looks like it was built from parts salvaged from World
War II field gear. Having a doctor attach wires to you is scary
enough, but back when the probes were powered by instruments using
circuits with 200-300 volts of plate bias in them would add
an extra level of anxiety.
BTW, have you ever wondered how 'star
dates' in Star Trek were determined? As it turns out, the system
has not been consistent throughout the series from television and
the movies then back to television. It began as a random number
to avoid needing to specify a particular century and ended with
a system that included which season the TV season was. Now you know.
Electronics in Medicine - The Electronic Cardiograph
Part I - The electronic cardiograph, its fundamental theory and
notes on application methods
By Eugene Thompson
Courtesy Sanborn Co., Cambridge, Mass.
A direct-writing type of electrocardiograph.
Fig. 1 - Heart, in radio-style block
Fig. 2 - Hookup of early equipment with
Einthoven string galvanometer.
Fig. 3 - Audio amplifier designed for
the electrocardiograph's very low-frequency output.
Fig. 4 - Recorder with a D'Arsonval galvanometer.
How the cardiograph is used. Third electrode
is over the heart.
Medical electronics embraces all these electronic devices and
techniques which are employed in the diagnosis and treatment of
disease. Among these techniques are electrocardiography, bleed pressure
and pulse recording, photoelectric plethysmography, and photoelectric
colorimetry. Electrocardiography equipment serves as a basic component
for a number of the techniques.
Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic sketch of the heart and the flow of
bleed through it. It is essentially a four-chambered mechanical
force pump. Its function is to pump deoxygenated blood, which is
returned to it from the body via the veins, through the lungs, where
it picks up a fresh supply of oxygen, and thence back to the body
by way of bleed vessels known as arteries. The chambers of the healthy
heart contract in a definite, orderly, and rhythmic sequence known
as the cardiac cycle.
The blood circuit
Referring to. Figure 1, the cycle starts as a quantity of deoxygenated
bleed empties into the right auricle. At this time this chamber
is in its resting phase, or diastole, which lasts for 0.7 second.
At the end of this filling period the right auricle contracts (systole),
which lasts 0.1 second and forces the blood into the right ventricle.
After doing this the auricle returns to its diastolic phase (0.7
second) to collect some mere deoxygenated bleed. Immediately after
it receives the bleed from the right auricle, the right ventricle
which has been in diastole for the past 0.5 second, undergoes systole.
Ventricular systole lasts for 0.3 second and propels the deoxygenated
blood through the lungs, where it becomes oxygenated, and back to
the left auricle. This chamber in turn squeezes the blood into the
left ventricle from whence it is pumped back to the body again.
The time relationships for diastole and systole of the left auricle
and ventricle are the same as these given for the right auricle
and ventricle. The halves of the heart work together.
The two auricles contract simultaneously, and then the two ventricles
do the same. Each of course is ejecting a different type of blood.
By far the most striking thing about the cardiac cycle is its
rhythmicity. We now knew that the contractions of the heart are
timed and controlled by nerve impulses which arise within the heart
itself. It has been demonstrated by cathode ray oscillography that
nerve impulses are electrical in nature. Consequently, as these
impulses stream through the heart they leave the tissue through
which they pass momentarily electronegative with respect to the
rest of the heart and body. The resultant shifting of this electronegative
area with the passage of the nerve impulse constitutes a minute
electrical current which can be detected with the aid of sufficiently
sensitive recording apparatus.
The first practical electrocardiographic recorder was the Einthoven
string galvanometer. The basic arrangement of this device is shown
in Fig. 2. Although this type of recorder is still widely used,
the modern trend is away from this design and toward the more versatile
electronic recording system.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a typical electrocardiograph
amplifier. Although all such amplifiers are not of push-pull design,
this type is capable of doing everything that non-push-pull amplifiers
can do, and has several additional advantages. Among the more important
of these are: push-pull can handle signals of greater amplitude
than single-channel amplifiers under the same operating conditions;
the power output is greater; extraneous noises, such as those produced
by x-ray or diathermy apparatus, feed into the amplifier 180 degrees
out of phase and hence are bucked out to a large extent; second
and all even-number harmonic distortion is reduced.
Because the amplitude of the action potentials produced by the
heart are 1 millivolt or less under normal conditions, an electrocardiograph
amplifier must have high gain. In the unit shown in Fig. 3 this
is accomplished by the 2 stages of push-pull amplification. Employment
of pentodes rather than triodes results in a much higher over-all
gain per stage. Furthermore, using the 6SJ7 is an excellent pentode
in that it is possible to obtain a gain in the neighborhood of 80
to. 100 with relatively low operating voltages (plate supply voltage
Another important characteristic of the heart's action potentials
is their low frequency. This imposes the necessity for a long time
constant in the amplifier and accounts for the higher than usual
values of the interstage coupling condensers and grid lead resisters.
One further complication is added because of the amplifier's
low pass characteristics. An a.c. power supply cannot be used, because
of two reasons. First, the a.c. on the filaments would appear on
the record. Second, the d.c. plate and screen voltage would produce
the same effect, unless the power supply were of such exceptional
design that the ripple content would be of very negligible proportions.
These difficulties are easily solved by using batteries for the
filament supply, grid bias, and the plate and screen voltages.
Two additional components are necessary to adapt the amplifier
in Fig. 3 to the recording of electrocardiograms. These are: a means
for picking up the heart's action potentials and feeding them to
the amplifier, and a device for making a visual record of the amplifier's
The method by which the heart potentials are detected is simple.
Flat metal electrodes about 1 1/2 inches wide and 2 1/4 inches long
are attached at various places on the surface of the body. These
points are: (1) the left wrist; (2) the right wrist; (3) the left
leg just above the ankle, and (4) any other point on the body. To
make an electrocardiogram it is necessary to use at least two of
the first three electrodes. The fourth electrode is also usually
required as a ground connection to bypass extraneous noises.
Any combination of two electrodes is known as a lead. Thus, the
combination consisting of the left and right wrists is called Lead
1. Lead II is composed of the right wrist and the left leg, and
the left wrist and the left leg comprise Lead III. A number of other
leads are sometimes used for special purposes, but the 3 described
here are the ones most commonly used.
Each lead requires a separate amplifier. All three leads must
be recorded to permit accurate diagnosis of cardiac irregularities.
In clinical practice this is accomplished in one of two ways. Either
three amplifiers are employed, thus recording all three leads simultaneously,
or only one amplifier is used together with a switching arrangement
which permits the selection of any desired lead, and the three leads
are recorded in succession. The former method, although more costly
in terms of equipment required is preferable because the effect
of a single given irregularity in the cardiac cycle can be observed
in all three leads.
The electrodes are attached to the body by first preparing the
desired area of skin by rubbing it with a paste containing an abrasive
and salt, to enhance the electrical contact. The abrasive breaks
the tough outer non-conducting layer of skin, reducing the skin
resistance and minimizing polarization and other undesirable effects.
The salt increases conductivity at the contact. The electrode is
placed on the treated area and held in place with a rubber strap.
A wire connected to the electrode goes to one of the input grids
or, in the case of the ground electrode, to the ground terminal
on the amplifier. This arrangement is satisfactory for detecting
the minute potential differences between any two electrodes.
After these potential differences are passed through the amplifier,
a suitable recording device must be placed at the output terminals
of the amplifier to produce a visual record of them. Present-day
equipment uses one of two techniques to obtain this recording of
electrocardiograms, either photographic or direct writing.
In the photographic method, a small moving coil galvanometer
with a tiny circular focusing mirror cemented to the suspension
is employed as the recording unit. As the output signal from the
amplifier is applied to the moving coil, the latter oscillates from
side to side causing the mirror to move in step with it. A beam
of light may thus be projected on a moving photographic surface
which travels past it, making a permanent record. This system is
illustrated in Fig. 4.
Although it is widely employed at present this method has one
great disadvantage. The film must be developed before the cardiologist
can analyze it. In some cases, such as surgical operations, it is
desirable that a visual electrocardiographic record be always available
at the moment the heart produces it. A recent innovation, the direct-recording
electrocardiograph, makes this possible. In place of the moving
coil galvanometer, a light-weight, electromagnetically actuated
recording arm is used. This arm moves back and forth much like the
voice coil in a radio loud speaker. At its end is a small self-feeding
inkwriter which produces a record on moving paper tape. An even
more recent improvement is a heated wiring stylus which records
on a specially prepared plastic surface.
The interpretation of electrocardiograms is a task for a highly
trained expert, an exhaustive discussion of this subject is obviously
beyond the scope of this article. However, the foregoing will give
the reader some idea as to the equipment employed in cardiac diagnosis.
Other electromedical equipment will be considered in later articles.
Courtesy Sanborn Co., Cambridge, Mass.
Posted March 22, 2015<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>- 卡租车为您提供临猗自驾游的相关介绍以及引导服务。
临猗古称郇阳，1947年，猗氏、临晋相继解放。1949年2月15日，猗氏、临晋属晋南行署管辖。中华人民共和国成立后，属于运城专员公署。1954年由临晋县和猗氏县合并而成。2001年运城撤地设市后，临猗县属运城市管辖。位居黄河中游秦晋豫金三角地带，西临黄河，东望太岳，北屏峨嵋岭，南面中条山，具有四千年灿烂历史，是华夏文明的发祥地之一。 临猗县自古物华天宝，人杰地灵。平畴万顷、草木繁茂的自然环境，令郇伯封国，猗顿富兴；沃饶近盐、得天独厚的地理优势，使尧舜时为甸服之地，夏代建有猗国，几成晋拟都之地。
-
临猗<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>我们告诉化疗皮肤炎有很多种方法，很多人在化疗皮肤炎的时候，自行服药或者是坚信了一些偏方，造成头发皮肤炎情况显得更为的相当严重，但是现在植发技术的经常出现解决问题了我们很多皮肤炎者的问题，那如何有效地的化疗皮肤炎呢？在皮肤炎早期阶段，是需要用治脱发药物、药物洗发水医治的，但是由于皮肤炎患者的不注意，经常在病情严重时，才不会找到并开始找寻化疗方法。皮肤炎可分成两种基本的类型：毛囊损毁构成的永久性皮肤炎，和短时间的毛囊损毁导致的暂时性皮肤炎。
永久性皮肤炎也就是少见的男性秃顶。在某些欧洲国家，男性的秃顶亲率居然高达40%。 永久性皮肤炎的丢弃放过程是渐渐产生的。
一开始，头前额部的头发边缘显著的前进，头顶部的头发较少。然后渐渐发展，到只只剩头后部、头两侧一圈稠密的头发。医生回应，永久性皮肤炎主要缘由有三个：遗传要素，血液循环中男性激素的缺少、紊乱，过分身材矮小。
另外，多种皮肤病、皮肤伤势留给的疤痕，天生头发发育不良，以及化学物品或者物理缘由，对毛囊导致的相当严重损害，皆可以引发永久性皮肤炎。 暂时性皮肤炎，经常是由发高烧的疾病引发的。不过，照X光、摄取金属(如铊、锡和砷)或摄取毒品、营养不良、某些带上炎症的皮肤病、慢性花费性疾病，以及内分泌紊乱等也可构成暂时性皮肤炎。 假如把头发比作庄稼，身体功能就是土壤。
因而，维持头发身体健康，就要彻底展开调理。首先，要保持平衡、规律的饮食，多不吃一些粗粮，并维持充裕的睡眠中。同时还要作好头发的护理。
洗发的时候，冲洗要充份;不要滑着头发就睡，这不会影响气血的运转;梳子的齿也不要太密，否则更容易受损头发;不要频密烫染;头发要避免太阳照射，否则更容易受损毛囊。若是暂时性皮肤炎，需要经过生活作息和饮食调理，而永久性皮肤炎，就须要经过植发手术来解决问题了。
植发手术，是应用于显微镜的外科手术技术，放入后枕部的身体健康的毛囊的组织，经严肃加工培育之后，依照大自然的头发生长的方向，艺术化地重制到患者皮肤炎的部位。毛囊存活后就宽出有了身体健康的新的放，而且所长出有的新的放，维持原先头发的一切生物学特性，会再度开裂或发炎。
本文关键词：AG
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than on hard facts. Wasserstein's conclusions are that the demographic outlook for European Jewry is bleak, that we are witnessing the withering away of Judaism as a spiritual component in the lives of most Jews, and that there is no longer "an authentic Jewish culture in Europe". Hardly surprising, one might be inclined to retort, after two out of every three European Jews died as a result of Hitler's genocide.
There is, though, a Jewish revival of a different kind going on in eastern and central Europe today which Wasserstein overlooks. Who is a Jew? he asks, then offers in answer either the traditional rabbinic definition of a person born of a Jewish mother, which he finds too restrictive, or Jean-Paul Sartre's aphorism that a Jew is anyone whom anti-Semites take to be one, which he considers too elastic.
In fact, there is a third definition, one which accords more realistically both with the Jewish experience in Europe since the Enlightenment, and with contemporary perceptions in post-Communist societies. It is this: a Jew is someone who regards himself or herself as Jewish. That is why, in the liberal democracies of western Europe, where marriage out of the faith is as high as 50 per cent, the children of such marriages often choose to define themselves as Jewish; and why, in countries like the former Soviet Union or Czechoslovakia, where religion was banned, there has been a tremendous upsurge of interest among the young in the faith and practices of their ancestors.
In modern Europe there are other ways of being a Jew than by religion or Zionism. Wasserstein is reluctant to acknowledge this, and thereby blithely writes off the future of a people that has survived in Europe for 2,000 years by virtue of resilience and adaptability.
Artists unveils new exhibition inspired by Hastings beachart
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- 5 Israel has discovered that it's no longer so easy to get away with murder in the age of social media
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Rebecca Hall on her film career so far: ‘I’ve played too many repressed neurotics’
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Malaysia Airlines MH17 crash: Vladimir Putin is given 'one last chance' to end hostilities in Ukraine
The 'scroungers’ fight back: The welfare claimants battling to alter stereotypes
The truth about conspiracy theories is that some require considering
Arizona execution lasts two hours as killer Joseph Wood left 'snorting and gasping' for air
Malaysia Airlines MH17 crash: Ukrainian military jet was flying close to passenger plane before it was shot down, says Russian officer
Malaysia Airlines MH17 crash: Massive rise in sale of British arms to Russia<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>纽约——
科技是控制全球气候变暖问题的关键因素。我们需要找到新的方式来制造使用能源，以满足衣食住行的需要，减少对石油，天然气，氮基肥料和其他产生温室效应气体的依赖。
在控制气候变暖方面，我们可以在合理的成本范围内（例如说每年全球收入的1%），在不影响持续经济增长的前提下，提高我们的生活质量。现在，新一代电动汽车是一件令人兴奋的技术革新成果。
19世纪末期，当汽车刚刚出现的时候，汽车引擎的种类很多——包括蒸汽式，电池，内燃机等。1908年第一台T型汽车从流水线上出现，这种以汽柴油为动力的汽车打败其他竞争对手，渐渐成为主流产品。100年之后的今天，新一轮的竞争局面再次出现。
现在，电动汽车的时代已经到来。1997日本丰田公司首先推出了普锐斯混合电动汽车，开创了电动汽车时代的先河。它的工作原理是在传统的制动系统上添加一个小的发动机和充电电池，以电池为动力的汽车正式出现。汽油成本的升高使得人们开始关注混合动力车的商业化，政府也开始对碳排放征税，这样一来，人们会越来越重视节约汽油。
在此以后，新的技术革新层出不穷，通用汽车的即插即用型电动汽车Chevy Volt,将在2010年底推出。普锐斯是在传统内燃机引擎上加一个小的发动机，而Chevy Volt则是完全独立的电动引擎。
Volt的电池是高性能的先进的锂离子电池，在普通插座充电6个小时后，可以行驶40英里， 和传统汽车相比，Volt的油耗是每加仑230英里左右的效率水平！
拉瑞·伯恩斯刚刚卸任通用汽车研发部门领导岗位，他是一个具有战略眼光的领导。他认为电动汽车的出现非常重要，可以节约汽油的使用。根据他的说法，电动汽车时代将重新改变电网和驾驶模式，大大提高全球绝大多数城市居民的生活质量。
首先，电动汽车的种类五花八门，包括外挂型混合动能，全电池动能型，氢燃料电池等。这些不同的汽车将使用多种不同的能源。
太阳能，风能，核能，这些无碳新型能源都可以进入能源网，为电池充电。同样的，可再生能源可以利用起来，将水分解成氢气和羟基离子，然后用氢气生产氢气燃料电池。
第二，大量汽车的储存能量对能源网络的稳定起到重要作用。电池汽车不仅可以充电，在用电高峰时，汽车可以在停车时将电能返回到电网系统中。这样，大量的汽车就可以成为整个能源系统的一部分。通过充放电来提高能源网络的利用效率。
第三，电动汽车的出现为新一代的智能汽车开辟新的前景。探测器和车载通讯设备可以实现防止汽车碰撞保护功能，指挥交通和远程管理等。信息技术的引入将为我们提高一个汽车安全方便使用和保养的新标准。
新的概念要通过科技来实现。如何将这些发明运用到实际工作中则需要政府和私人公司之间的密切合作。
汽车厂商，水电供应公司，宽带网络提供商以及政府交通部门都应该联手起来，成为一个整体。大家都应该以一种全新的思维来相互协调。政府也应该投资，通过研发，对客户补贴，加大基础设施的投入等方面（例如，在公共场所修改电池充电网点等）将新一代能源汽车商业化。
电动汽车的引入可以使得我们从不可再生的化石燃料时代过渡到新型的可持续科技时代。。目前关于气候变暖的谈判，各国之间一直是相互指责，因为他们都在争论一个问题：谁将为减少化石燃料买单？这种关于气候变化的负面思维方式应该改变。
电动汽车可以大大提升我们的生活质量，涉及的不仅是汽车领域，而且对于能源，建筑设计，城市规划，食品（要知道，食品的生产运输占整个碳排放量的六分之一）等方面，都会有很大的提升。
为了实现可持续性发展，我们需要重新看待气候问题，它为我们带来一场全球的头脑风暴，为实现技术的真正突破和各国相互之间合作提供了一个良机。为了获取最先进的动力系统和新型的政府和民间的关系，我们必须加紧建设一种可持续性发展的科技。如果不论富国还是穷国，都可以从中受益的话，那么在全球范围内对气候问题的共识就为期不远了。<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Avustralya’nın Victoria eyaletinde, iyileşme şansı olmayan bir kanser hastasının, temmuz ayında, ‘hekim yardımlı ölüm’ hakkından yararlandığı açıklandı.
BBC’deki habere göre 61 yaşındaki Kerry Robertson, eyalette 2017’de onaylanan ve haziran ayında yürürlüğe giren hekim yardımlı ölüm hakkından yararlanan ilk kişi oldu.
Robertson’a 2010 yılında meme kanseri tanısı konuldu. Hastalık zamanla akciğer, kemik, beyin ve karaciğere sıçradı. Mart ayında acılara katlanamadığını belirterek, kemoterapi ve radyoterapiyi sonlandırma kararı alan Robertson, haziranda yasal düzenleme yapılınca ilgili makamlara başvurdu.
Bu süreçte durumu daha da kötüleşen ve doktorlarının iyileşme şansı bulunmadığı yönünde görüş bildirdiği iki kız çocuk annesi Robertson’ın başvurusuna 26 günlük inceleme sonucunda olumlu yanıt verildi.
Ülkede sadece Victoria eyaletinde yasal olan hekim yardımlı ölüm hakkını kullanan Robertson’ın kızı Nicole Robertson (sağda), “Ölürken David Bowie çalıyordu. Yanında tüm sevdikleri vardı. Herkese veda etti” dedi.
Kanada, Hollanda, Belçika gibi ülkelerde de yasal olan hekim yardımlı ölüm kurtulma şansı olmayan hastalara ‘hekim tarafından ilaç verilerek’ yaşamlarına son verilmesine hak tanıyor.
Victoria eyalet meclisinde 100 saatlik tartışma sonucunda onaylanan düzenlemeye göre bu haktan yararlanmak için en az 12 ay eyalette yaşamak, 18 yaşın üzerinde olmak, uzman doktorlara başvuru yapmak ve özel bir komisyonun dosyayı incelemesi gerekiyor. Bu düzenleme, başvuruyu en çok irdeleyen, onay almak için kriterleri en zorlayıcı düzenleme olarak nitelendiriliyor.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Date: October 24, 2015 | 6p.m. - 8p.m.
Ages: All Ages
Location: Grafton Ponds Outdoor Center (783 Townsend Road)
The Native American basis for living in balance with Earth and each other will be the topic of this special evening event, part 2 of a longer program held on the same day for kids ages 7-14.
Learn more about the full afternoon & afternoon workshop for children ages 7-14>
The master storytelling ecologist Michael Caduto will present "Native American Thanksgivings: The Circle of Giving and Receiving". Michael will explore the true nature of Thanksgiving as taught by Native cultures found throughout North America while gathered by a roaring campfire. The evening session will conclude with a guided night hike with The Nature Museum’s Environmental Educators around the rich network of trails of Grafton Ponds.
Registration is full. Contact Kimberly O'Connor, Director of Education, (kimberly@nature-museum, 843-2111) if you would like to be placed on the waiting list for this program.
This workshop uses song, chants, native instruments, dance and stories that are carefully chosen from among the Native cultures found throughout North America to explore the true nature of Thanksgiving. Caduto's lively performance engages the audience with a cast of humorous and dramatic characters and voices. During this presentation participants are introduced to the Circles of Giving and Receiving-the traditional Native American basis for living in balance with Earth and each other.
All participants should wear appropriate clothes and sturdy footwear. This program will be presented rain or shine. A medical emergency form is needed for all youth participants if an adult will not be remaining on property during the program.
Michael Caduto – "Native American Thanksgiving: The Circle of Giving and Receiving"
Night Hike around Grafton Ponds
About Michael Caduto
Michael is an award-winning author, master storyteller, ecologist, educator, poet and musician who has been featured on educational television, over National Public Radio and by the BBC (British Broadcasting Corporation). He reaches thousands of people each year through personal appearances and his books are used by millions throughout the world. His work draws from science, Earth stewardship and cultural diversity and he has worked with many indigenous peoples during the past 25 years. Michael is a juried artist with the New Hampshire Council on the Arts and the Vermont Arts Council, and has been affiliated with the Vermont Council on the Humanities and the Quebec-Labrador Foundation. His programs, performances, keynotes, workshops and residencies are given to children, school groups, teachers, naturalists, families, storytellers, conferences and general audiences. He has taught at numerous colleges and universities throughout North America. (Michael is of Italian ancestry.)
In 1984 Michael founded a service called P.E.A.C.E.® - Programs for Environmental Awareness and Cultural Exchange. P.E.A.C.E.® promotes understanding, awareness, appreciation and stewardship as the foundation for building a harmonious, sustainable relationship between people and Earth, and among the cultures of the world.
Following Caduto’s performance, the full group will embark on a guided night hike with The Nature Museum’s environmental educators around the rich network of trails of Grafton Ponds.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Franklin Delano Roosevelt Drive runs along the eastern border of Manhattan from 14th Street and First Avenue, to 125th Street and Paladino Avenue. Built during World War II, it serves as one of New York City’s chief perimeter arteries of transportation, while offering motorists several of Manhattan’s best waterfront views.
This part of Manhattan was farmland until affluent New Yorkers moved uptown during the 19th century to escape the rising tide of immigration in Lower Manhattan. As the local population increased, the numbers of greenspaces near the riverside neighborhoods decreased. When the Great Depression hit New York, many struggling homeless families began to occupy the remaining vacant lots. However, within a decade the entire stretch of East Side property was revitalized under the direction of President Franklin D. Roosevelt (1882-1945) and Mayor Fiorello H. LaGuardia (1882-1947).
Bought in lots between 1934-1938 by the City of New York, this area was drastically transformed through massive re-landscaping, extensive parkway development and the creation of several recreational areas during the first few years of World War II (1939-1945). With the construction of Franklin Delano Roosevelt Drive, set atop landfill comprising rubble from London houses destroyed during the German Blitzkrieg, commuters moved more easily from Queens, Brooklyn, and the Bronx to the heart of Manhattan. During the construction of “The FDR” or “The East River Drive,” the City took the opportunity to develop nearby vacant lots and riverfront property into much needed park space and beautiful riverside promenades. Three pedestrian overpasses also built during the 1940s enable improved access to the waterfront for Manhattan’s East Side communities.
Several parks and playgrounds border the FDR Drive. These include them Carl Schurz Park, named after the Germany revolutionary-turned American citizen, diplomat, Union general, and senator; Cuvallier Park, named after a New York State assemblyman who fought in the Spanish-American War (1898); General Douglas MacArthur Memorial Park, named after the controversial World War II and Korean War general; and Robert Moses Playground, named after the famous urban planner. The Franklin Delano Roosevelt Drive weaves above, around and, in the case of Carl Schurz Park, under the many parks, promenades, and esplanades along its route.
Thursday, Dec 20, 2001<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Rüyada Oğlak görmek
Rüyada Oğlak görmek ile alakalı tabirler aşağıda yer almaktadır. Kaynaklara göre sıralanmıştır.
İhya: Boğazlanmış oğlak görmek çocuk ölümüne, Oğlak ve kuzu boğazlamak yahut onlara binmek çocuklarla oyun oynamaya ve eğlenmeye, Oğlak eti çocuk tarafından gelecek az mala delalet eder. ( Daha geniş bilgi için Bakınız; Keçi.)
Diyanet: Rüyanızda bir oğlak görmeniz; oğlunuzun ailenizin adını sürdüreceğine ve soyunuzun devam edeceğine işaret eder. Bir kimsenin rüyasında oğlak kestiğini görmesi hayırsızlığa, etini yemesi; o kimsenin hastalığa yakalanacağına yorumlanır. Bir kimsenin kendisine bir oğlak hediye edildiğini görmesi; o kişinin bir oğlu olacağına, kişinin rüyasında kendisinin bir başkasına bir oğlak hediye ettiğini görmesi; o kimsenin oğlak hediye ettiği kişi ile bir akrabalık kuracağına delalet eder.
Nablusi: Rüyada oğlak, çocuktur. Bundan dolayı, boğazlanmış oğlak görenin çocuğu ölür.
Bir oğlağa sahip olduğunu görenin bir çocuğu olur. Yemek için oğlağı boğazladığını gören kimse çocuğu yüzünden mala nail olur, yahut eline cüz'î bir mal geçer.
Başkalarına yedirmek maksadiyle oğlağı boğazladığını görenin, aile ve yakınlarından bazılarının çocuğu ölür.
Oğlak veya bir kuzu boğazladığını veya onlara bindiğini gören kimse çocuklarla oynar ve eğlenir. Oğlak eti yediğini gören, bir çocuktan az bir mal elde eder.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Stormtrooper A5 Premium Defter ile notlarınıızı kendi tarzınızla tutun.
Bir defter sizin hakkınızda çok şey söyleyebilir. Sizin içine yazdıklarınız kadar dışı da sizinle özdeşleşir. Herkes bunu önemsemeyebilir ama bilenler iyi bir defterin değerinin ne olduğunu çok iyi bilirler. Pyramid International markasının ürettiği bu lisanslı defterler A5 ölçülerinde ve suni deri kapaklıdır.
Ölçüleri: A5
Yaprak Sayısı: 112<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>8月17日下午1点30分左右
甘井子区旅顺北路
辛寨子小学附近路段
发生一起三车连环相撞事故
网友提供了一段
后方车辆行车记录仪的视频
一辆白色轿车和本田SUV一前一后正常行驶，奥迪轿车突然
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or heap of cement, it should feel cool. By providing a small quantity of cement in a bucket of water, it should submerge and should not sail on the surface.
4. Cement does not contain any firm lumps. These lumps are produced by engrossing the moisture from the atmosphere. Any cement bag with such lumps should not be used.
Physical Characteristics of Cement:
|Min. Compressive Strength||33 Grade||43 Grade||53 Grade|
|3 Days||16 N/Sq.mm||23 N/Sq.mm||27 N/Sq.mm|
|7 Days||22 N/Sq.mm||33 N/Sq.mm||37 N/Sq.mm|
|28 Days||33 N/Sq.mm||43 N/Sq.mm||53 N/Sq.mm|
N stands for newton
Least initial Setting Time of Cement = 30 Minutes Highest Final Setting Time of Cement = 600 Minutes or 10 hours.
Quality and Quantity of Cement:
1. Weight of one bag of cement is 50 Kgs
2. 1 ton of cement equals 20 bags
3. No of cement bags = Tonnage of cement x 20
4. Tonnage of cement = No. of Bags/20
5. Storage capacity of cement godown = 20 bags per Sq. M of plan area.
6. Capability of a truck for transporting cement =250 to 300 bags(12.5 tons to 15 tons)
Diminution in Strength of Cement due to Storage:
1. 20 % reduction in strength when stockpiled for 3 months
2. 30 % reduction in strength when stockpiled for 6 months
3. 40 % reduction in strength when stockpiled for 12 months
4. 50 % reduction in strength when stockpiled for 24 months
Storage Specifications of Cement:
1. Distance from wall =30 cms or 1ft.
2. Distance from floor = 15 – 23 cms to be kept on wooden sleepers
3. Bags to be stacked in layers or 10 -12
. No. of cement bags in a row = 15
5. Ventilation and Lighting : There should be no openings to block the movement of air to minimize moisture. The natural lighting can only be provided with glazing.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>دریاچه سد الغدیر در ۲۵ کیلومتری شهر ساوه (در محل قدیمی بند شاه عباس در تنگه وفرقان) و بر روی رودخانه قره چای ساخته شده است. این سد به منظور تنظیم آب رودخانه قره چای و کنترل آن در مواقع سیلابی، آبیاری اراضی دشت ساوه، تأمین آب آشامیدنی شهر ساوه و شهر صنعتی کاوه و تولید نیروی برقابی به میزان ۱۵ مگاوات ساخته شده است.
این سد از نوع بتنی دو قوسی با ارتفاع ۱۲۸ متر از پِی و بستر رودخانه، با طول تاج ۲۶۵ متر و حداکثر ۲۰ متر ضخامت در پِی با عرض تاج ۶ متر می باشد. حجم کل مخزن ۲۹۳ میلیون مترمکعب است. دریاچه سد الغدیر با وسعت ۸۵۰ هکتار، یکی از مناطق گردشگری شهرستان ساوه است اما به جز چند قایق سواری، امکانات دیگری از جمله اقامت و پذیرایی در این مکان وجود ندارد.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>نایب رئیس فدراسیون فوتبال در مورد اینکه آیا بازیکن خارجی می آید با ریال در ایران قرارداد ببندد، گفت: به هرحال در خارج از کشور هم همین شرایط بوده و بازیکنی داشتیم که در چین به یوآن قرارداد بسته است.
به گزارش شرکت عمرانی کارکنان، منصور قنبرزاده، نایب رئیس فدراسیون فوتبال در خصوص اینکه قرار بود 35 هزار تماشاگر در ورزشگاه باشند و ظاهرا بیشتر بود، گفت: قبلا هم گفتیم سازمان لیگ و فدراسیون فوتبال چندان دخل و تصرفی در بحث بیلت فروشی ندارند و مشورت می دهند. 35 هزار نفر هم قطعی نبود و اگر شرایطی پیش آمد تعداد را بیشتر می کنند و فکر می کنم این اتفاق هم افتاد. وی در مورد وضعیت ورزشگاه آزادی گفت: به هرحال دوستان تلاش می کنند و بازسازی، تعمیر و نگهداری زمان می برد. دوستان انصافا در تلاش هستند و با توجه به اینکه مسابقات تمام شده است فرصت خوبی پیش رو است. نایب رئیس فدراسیون فوتبال در مورد پاداش سکه گفت: من در مورد چیزی که اطلاع ندارم اظهار نظر نمی کنم. قنبرزاده در مورد اینکه تیم ها نمی توانند با دلار و یورو قرارداد ببندند، عنوان کرد: در رسانه ها دیدم که مخبر، معاون اول رئیس جمهور نامهای به وزارت ورزش ارسال کرده، اما تا این لحظه دست فدراسیون و حداقل سازمان لیگ نرسیده است. اگر این مصوبه دولت باشد قانونا باید انجام شود. در آیین نامه هم ما بحثی در این مورد نداشتیم. وی در مورد اینکه آیا بازیکن خارجی می آید با ریال قرارداد ببندد، گفت: به هرحال در خارج از کشور هم همین شرایط بوده و بازیکنی داشتیم که در چین به یوآن قرارداد بسته است. نایب رئیس فدراسیون فوتبال در مورد اینکه 10 خرداد آخرین فرصت برای کسب مجوز حرفه ای بود و آیا AFC نامه ای در این خصوص ارسال کرده است یا خیر، گفت: کمیته استیناف این موضوع را بررسی می کند و چیزی به ما هنوز اطلاع نداده است. پایان پیام/<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>رئیس کمیسیون اصل ۹۰ با بیان اینکه به دلیل پرداخت نشدن ۸۵۰۰ میلیارد تومان از تسهیلات مسکن مهر بعید است سقف این تسهیلات باردیگر افزایش یابد گفت: کارگروه ویژه با حضور ۵ وزیر برای حل مشکلات مسکن مهر تشکیل شد.
داود محمدی رئیس کمیسیون اصل ۹۰ ، در پاسخ به این سؤال که اگر پروژه مسکن مهر در سال آینده به اتمام نرسد، آیا مجلس ورود خواهد کرد؟ گفت: برای همافزایی، رفع مشکلات و سرعت دادن به پروژه مسکن مهر کارگروهی با حضور ۵ وزیر از وزارتخانه های راه و شهرسازی، نفت، نیرو، بهداشت و درمان و آموزش و پرورش با محوریت وزارت راه و شهرسازی تشکیل شده است و کمیسیون اصل ۹۰ نیز به عنوان ناظر در این خصوص ورود خواهد کرد.
*وزارت راه و شهرسازی قول داده است که تا پایان سال ۹۶ پرونده مسکن مهر بسته شود
وی با اشاره به اینکه وزارت راه و شهرسازی در پایان امسال باید گزارشی از وضعیت مسکن مهر به مجلس ارائه کند، گفت: وزارت راه و شهرسازی به مجلس و کمیسیون اصل ۹۰ قول داده است که تا پایان سال ۹۶ پرونده مسکن مهر بسته شود.
به گفته محمدی، طی گزارشی که وزارت راه و شهرسازی به کمیسیون اصل ۹۰ ارائه کرده است در حال حاضر پیشرفت فیزیکی مسکن مهر در کل کشور ۹۳ درصد است.
رئیس کمیسیون اصل ۹۰ ادامه داد: از مجموع ۲ میلیون و ۲۱۵ هزار مسکن مهر یک میلیون و ۹۰۰ هزار واحد مسکونی به اتمام رسیده و ۳۰۳ هزار واحد مسکن مهر باقی مانده است، بنابراین باید جدیت بیشتری به خرج دهیم تا این واحدها نیز تحویل متقاضیان شود.
محمدی در پاسخ به این سؤال که با توجه به اینکه قیمت برخی از واحدهای مسکن مهر افزایش یافته است آیا سقف فردی تسهیلات مسکن مهر که در حال حاضر ۳۰ میلیون تومان است افزایش می یابد، گفت: در حال حاضر حدود ۸ هزار و ۵۰۰ میلیارد تومان از تسهیلاتی که باید به مسکن مهر پرداخت میشد، پرداخت نشده است. بنابراین با توجه به عدم پرداخت این مبلغ و مشکلاتی که بانکها در پرداخت تسهیلات مسکن مهر داشتهاند به نظر نمیرسد که سقف تسهیلات مسکن مهر باز هم افزایش یابد.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Influenza Vaccine Seems Ineffective Against Current Strain of the Disease
2017 Flu Season arrived early, seems to affect the elderly more severely
January 2, 2018
Reports that this year's flu vaccine is not effective against the strain that's circulating most widely: Type A, subtype H3N2.
H3N2 "tends to be the strain of virus that most impacts the elderly, that causes the most complications, and up until this point the vaccine results have been quite disappointing," said Dr. Randy Bergen, clinical lead for Kaiser Permanente's flu vaccination program in Northern California. "Those things make us concerned that we're going to have a lot of sick people."
10 people under age 65 had died from influenza-related illness, says the California Department of Public Health. Typically, only one or two deaths, and sometimes none at all, have been reported in the same time frame. The state does not track flu-related deaths among people age 65 and older.
It is possible the season is starting earlier than last year's, but otherwise will be normal. On the other hand, it is also possible that it will be more severe.
"The flu season usually lasts about 12 weeks. Whether this will be a typical 12-week season or it will be a longer cycle - well, it kind of looks like it's following the usual curve," said Dr. Shelley Gordon, an infectious disease specialist with California Pacific Medical Center in San Francisco.
Dr. Pardis Sabeti, a Harvard professor and infectious disease expert[, says,] "Even 10 percent effective is better than nothing."
Early reports in the United States mirror what public health officials saw in the Southern Hemisphere, where H3N2 was also the predominant strain. By the end of their flu season in September, several countries had reported the largest influenza outbreak since 2009, when the swine flu was a global threat.
In Australia, hospital admissions for influenza were more than double what is reported in a normal season, according to officials there. Deaths more than tripled, but some of that increase may have been due to discrepancies in how fatalities are counted.
Influenza s ymptoms tend to arise pretty suddenly, and can include: fever, sore throat, cough, runny nose, chills/body aches, and headaches, vomiting and diarrhea.
Because the flu is a viral infection, antibiotic drugs are completely useless against this illness. But health experts at the CDC say there are other, proven ways to help fight the flu. This year they're suggesting prescription antiviral drugs like oseltamivir (the pill is perhaps known better by its brand name, Tamiflu.) Other options include an inhaled antiviral called zanamivir and the injection peramivir.
Antiviral drugs (which require a doctor's orders) won't totally cure the flu, but they can make symptoms milder and shorter, and they are especially effective if taken in the first 48 hours of illness onset. Antivirals are especially important for at-risk patients, including: kids under 2 years old and adults over 65, pregnant women, people with asthma, and patients with weakened immune systems. Healthy people can typically recover from the flu in less than two weeks with rest, fluids and pain relievers like acetaminophen and ibuprofen, but antivirals can help prevent more serious complications, like pneumonia.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>وقتي تلويزيون را به مدت طولاني تماشا مي کنيد بهتر است بدانيد در معرض مشکلات و اختلالات جنسي قرار خواهيد گرفت مرداني که بيشتر اوقات خود را صرف تماشاي تلويزيون مي کنند و فعاليت و تحرک کمتري دارند ممکن است در معرض نازايي قرار بگيرند و با کاهش اسپرم و کم شدن توان باروري مواجه شوند .
محققان دريافتهاند تماشاي روزانه تلويزيون براي 5 ساعت يا بيشتر، ميتواند اسپرم مردان را يک سوم کم کند.
به نقل از سايت «ديلي ميل»، دانشمندان در دانشگاه کپنهاگن 1200 مرد جوان را زير نظر گرفتند تا بفهمند، يله شدن زياد روي مبل، روي قدرت بچه دار شدن آنها اثر ميگذارد يا نه.
نتيجه نشان داد آنهايي که مدت زيادي از روز پاي تلويزيون مينشينند، به طور متوسط در هر ميلي ليتر از مايع مني، 37 ميليون اسپرم داشتند. اين عدد در بين مرداني که به ندرت تلويزيون ميديدند، 52 ميليون در هر ميلي ليتر بود.
گروه اول هم چنين هورمون مردانه تستسترون کمتري در خونشان داشتند، که براي توليد اسپرم نياز است.
ظاهراً نشستن پاي کامپيوتر چنين اثر مخربي ندارد. دليلش احتمالاً اين است که آنهايي که پاي تلويزيون مينشينند، احتمالاً کمتر ورزش ميکنند يا غذاي سالم ميخورند که براي افزايش باروري بسيار مهم است.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Table Tennis Rules – Definitions
2.5.1 A rally is the period during which the ball is in play.
2.5.2 The ball is in play from the last moment at which it is stationary on the palm of
the free hand before being intentionally projected in service until the rally is
decided as a let or a point.
2.5.3 A let is a rally of which the result is not scored.
2.5.4 A point is a rally of which the result is scored.
2.5.5 The racket hand is the hand carrying the racket.
2.5.6 The free hand is the hand not carrying the racket; the free arm is the arm ofthe free hand.
2.5.7 A player strikes the ball if he or she touches it in play with his or her racket,
held in the hand, or with his or her racket hand below the wrist.
2.5.8 A player obstructs the ball if he or she, or anything he or she wears or carries,
touches it in play when it is above or travelling towards the playing surface,
not having touched his or her court since last being struck by his or her
2.5.9 The server is the player due to strike the ball first in a rally.
2.5.10 The receiver is the player due to strike the ball second in a rally.
2.5.11 The umpire is the person appointed to control a match.
2.5.12 The assistant umpire is the person appointed to assist the umpire with certain
2.5.13 Anything that a player wears or carries includes anything that he or she was
wearing or carrying, other than the ball, at the start of the rally.
2.5.14 The end line shall be regarded as extending indefinitely in both directions.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>پانزدهمین هفته از لیگ برتر فوتبال روسیه با ثبت یک پیروزی خانگی در کارنامه یاران یاران علیرضا حقیقی دنبال شد.
در ادامه دیدارهای هفته پانزدهم لیگ برتر روسیه امشب (یکشنبه) تیم فوتبال روبین کازان در دیداری که دروازهبان ایرانیاش علیرضا حقیقی نیمکتنشین بود، موفق شد میهمان خود کریلیا را 2 بر صفر شکست دهد.
گلهای این بازی را کارادنیز در دقایق 38 و 90 به ثمر رساند تا روبین کازان 16 امتیازی شده و به رده دهم جدول صعود کند.
در جدول ردهبندی لیگ برتر روسیه تیمهای زسکا مسکو، روستوف و لوکوموتیو مسکو به ترتیب با 36، 30 و 27 امتیاز اول تا سوم هستند.
از هفته دوازدهم لیگ هلند، تیم آلکمار توانست در حضور یک نیمه ای مهاجم ایرانی خود، با دو گل از سد ویتسه بگذرد.
الکمار در حالی این بازی را از ساعت 19:15 در زمین حریف آغاز کرد که مهاجم ایرانی خود را نیز از ابتدا در میدان داشت، البته پس از پایان نیمه اول که بازی دو تیم با تسای بدون گل به پایان رسید جهانبخش جای خود را به دوس سانتوس سوزا داد و نیمه دوم را از روی نیمکت پیگیری کرد.
آلکار در دقایق 75 و 78 توسط جانسن و هنریکسن گل های خود را به ثمر رساند و با این پیروزی پانزده امتیازی شد و در رده دهم لیگ هجده تیمی هلند قرار گرفت.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Yaşamındaki çok az şey bir çocuğa tüylü bir arkadaş kadar zevk verebilir ve neyse ki kedilerin çoğu da, kendilerine bol bol ilgi gösterecek olan bir çocuğun ilgisinden hoşlanır. Çocuklar ve kediler, birbirlerine saygı gösterebilmeleri koşuluyla, mükemmel bir şekilde birlikte yaşayabilmekte ve oyun oynayabilmektedir.
Yeni yürümeye başlayan çocuklar, hiçbir zaman bir kedi ile yalnız bırakılmamalıdır. Bu küçük çocuklar oldukça beceriksiz davranabilmekte ve özellikle hassas yavru kediler olmak üzere, kaza sonucu bir kediyi incitebilmekte ya da korkutabilmektedir. Bir kedi korkmuşsa, ısırabilir ya da tırmalayabilir; dolayısıyla, birlikte oynadıklarında onları daima kontrol altında tutmalısınız.
Kedinizle karşılaşacak olan tüm çocuklara, onu kucakta taşımanın temel kuralları öğretilmelidir:
- Kedinizi her zaman bir elinizle göğsünü ve diğer elinizle arka bacaklarını destekleyerek almalısınız. Bir kedi ön bacaklarıyla omuzunuza da tutunabilir; ancak mutlaka arka bacaklarını kolunuzla ya da elinizle desteklemelisiniz.
- Bir kedi çırpınıyor ya da kaçmaya çalışıyorsa, gitmesine izin vermelisiniz.
- Bir kedinin kulakları düzse ve kuyruğunu hızla sallıyorsa, bu durumda mutlu değildir ve yalnız bırakılmalıdır.
- Kedinin karnına dokunmayın. Bu kediyi korkutabilir ve sizi ısırabilir.
- Bir kediyle oynarken, daima uygun oyuncakları kullanmalısınız. Bir kediye sataşmak ya da ellerinizi veya parmaklarınızı yakalaması için onu ayartmaya çalışmak iyi bir fikir değildir. Bunu yapmanız, tırmalamasına ya da ısırmasına yol açabilir.
- Kedi uyuyor, mamasını yiyor ya da kum kabını kullanıyorsa, onu yalnız bırakmalısınız - daha sonra oyun oynamak için bol bol zamanınız olacaktır.
Pek çok ebeveyn, çocuklarına şefkat ve sorumluluğu öğretmenin bir yöntemi olarak bir evcil hayvan almayı tercih etmektedir. Aslında bu, çok küçük çocuklar için pek de iyi bir fikir ol
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Bag - il tipo più familiare e meno costoso di borsa. Entrambi sono riutilizzabili, in tessile e getta, carta. Nonostante la prevalenza, ma non è l'opzione migliore. Le borse in tela detengono grandi particelle di polvere, ma facile da perdere piccolo. Inoltre, la polvere desolata - non l'occupazione più piacevole.
2. Il contenitore per la polvere non richiede la sostituzione. Ha bisogno solo di lavare e asciugare accuratamente dopo il riempimento. Contenitore notevolmente più costoso rispetto ai modelli simili con i sacchetti sottovuoto. Un altro svantaggio di loro - elevati livelli di rumore. Quando si utilizza il contenitore vuoto diventa il risonatore. Pertanto la pulizia con i seguenti modelli di aspirapolvere non fare esattamente essere chiamato tranquillo.
3. Aspirapolvere con filtro ad acqua - una vera macchina per creare un buon microclima. Aria aspirata viene lavata con acqua e polvere bagnata depositata nel contenitore. I vantaggi di aspirapolveri includono l'efficienza e le carenze - costo relativamente elevato.
Filtro: perché abbiamo bisogno di altri filtri di ricerca?
Passando attraverso l'aspirapolvere, l'aria esce e torna nella stanza. È importante che sia chiaro, come particelle di sporco microscopiche, disperse nell'aria, la polvere più pericoloso che si trova in corrispondenza degli angoli. L'inalazione di aria inquinata provoca irritazione delle mucose e allergie. Detergenti moderni devono conservare almeno il 99% di polvere. Ebbene, se il modello selezionato sarà equipaggiato con un filtro HEPA. Raccoglie i più piccoli pezzi di polvere, batteri e allergeni. Un ottimo pulito dare detergenti con filtro acqua - continuano oltre il 99, il 99% di polvere. Anche in questo caso, hanno il prezzo più alto.
Potenza: più - significa una migliore?
Molte persone quando si sceglie un aspirapolvere orientata al potere. In effetti, sembra che il potere aspirapolvere 1800 W molto meglio di suo fratello con una capacità di 1400 watt. Ma quello che rende davvero il potere? Per cominciare, qual è il consumo di energia (spesso è indicata sul corpo) e la potenza di aspirazione. Assorbimento determina la dimensione, consumo energetico e rumorosità. L'aspirapolvere più potente, quindi è grande e "forte".
Ma la qualità della pulizia consumo energetico influisce leggermente. Molto più importante è il potere di assorbimento. Tuttavia, ci sono sottigliezze. Se non avete bambini e gatti persiani, e il pavimento è rivestito in laminato, linoleum o un tappeto, potenza di aspirazione di vuoto di 300 watt perfettamente affrontare le cose in ordine. In questo caso, l'acquisto di un potente aspiratore sprecheranno solo inutile di denaro e di energia durante il suo funzionamento.
Tipo di pulizia: bagnato o asciutto?
La scelta di un aspirapolvere per la casa, prendere in considerazione il tipo di pulizia avete avuto bisogno di più? La funzione di pulizia ad umido aumenta significativamente il costo del dispositivo, ma non è necessaria? Pulitori a vapore sono molto più comuni, e in un piccolo appartamento dove ogni metro quadrato di strade, meglio optare per un normale aspirapolvere. Inutile pulizia aspirapolvere e quelli con il pavimento coperto di linoleum o altro materiale liscio.
Ho davvero bisogno di un aspirapolvere di pulizia per le famiglie con bambini piccoli. Oltre a coloro che amano i tappeti e rivestimenti per pavimenti con un mucchio di spessore. No aspirapolvere comune non può pulire il tappeto, in particolare la luce, in modo da rendere la pulizia.
Patchwork per i principianti, o, in altre parole, cucito sconnesso, è che qualcosa diverse patch cucite insieme. Questo stile è noto da molto tempo. Nello stile di "patchwork di cucitura" precedentemente cucite trapunte, coperte, asciugamani.
E 'iniziato come un economici artigianato patchwork. Non buttare pezzi di tessuto vengono prodotte nuove cose. Con il mosaico schema di sviluppo in questo stile sono stati fatti e gli elementi decorativi, pitture murali. Dopo aver imparato la tecnica del patchwork per principianti che potete decorare la vostra casa con prodotti belli ed eleganti.
Ciò che è necessario per la riproduzione di patchwork
Per le classi di patchwork per principianti è necessario: pezzi di tessuto, forbici, righelli, modelli e schema patchwork con cui si lavorerà.
Schema Patchwork per i principianti possono trovare su Internet, e possono essere acquistati presso negozi specializzati. Se brandelli e frammenti di tessuto ancora bisogno di prepararsi per il patchwork, i negozi vendono tessuto pronto. Da quello che possiamo cucire immediatamente.
Ecco schema patchwork interessante per principianti:
Scrappy cucito per principianti regime
In regime di patchwork e le immagini sono totalmente diversi livelli. I prodotti più difficili meglio cogliere i libri e manuali "Patchwork per principianti." Di solito in tali manuali e diagrammi fare patchwork che molto più facile per iniziare il lavoro.
Patchwork Technology for Beginners
Pezzi per patchwork devono essere attentamente selezionati per colore e consistenza. È possibile combinare pezzi di modello di colore, con macchie auto-color, con colori corrispondenti ai colori delle macchie colorate.
Ecco un altro schema patchwork cool:
I piani per patchwork per i principianti
È possibile collegare un grande pezzo di stoffa con un piccolo pezzo. Ad esempio, piccoli pezzi colorati a posto intorno a un grande pezzo.
Rappezzatura libero per principianti basato su una combinazione di patch nella composizione e spessore della stessa struttura. Lavorando con scarti di diverso spessore può essere in presenza di esperienza con rappezzatura.
Schema patchwork
Tecnica Patchwork per i principianti di imparare a meglio ricami patchwork di pezzi identici. Sarà adattarsi alla tecnologia che potrebbe poi passare a composizioni più complesse.
Se c'è un regime può cucire mani patchwork, e si può scarabocchiare sulla macchina. Tutto dipende da che parte ti piace. Molti maestri patchwork come il processo di cucitura a mano.
Patchwork for Beginners Video
Interessante video di patchwork per i principianti, si consiglia di visualizzare.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>好处：您可以查找所选行业中的供应商、产品和用户并查看所有产品和服务，还可以在行业页面上筛选结果，例如按国家/地区或仅按供应商、产品或用户筛选。
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每页结果数量<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>فرود اضطراری هواپیمای عسلویه به تهران به علت نقص فنی
مجید حاجوند مدیر فرودگاه خلیج فارس عسلویه اظهار داشت: ظهر امروز هواپیمای شرکت پارس ایر از مبدا عسلویه به مقصد تهران با شماره پرواز 4435 هنگام بلند شدن از زمین، به دلیل نقص فنی در یکی از موتورها، مجبور به فرود اضطراری در فرودگاه عسلویه شد.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Dei tanti personaggi da “dietro le quinte” della storia del rock, Allen Toussaint è stato uno dei più importanti e influenti. Non era solo un artista e produttore, era uno che si è letteralmente inventato un suono e una visione musicale utile per tutti. E’ morto a 77 anni lo scorso 10 novembre a Madrid, al termine di un concerto, nello stile di un perfezionista che non avrebbe mai lasciato il pubblico a metà. Molti di voi non avranno neanche un suo disco in casa, eppure sarà facile che abbiate da qualche parte segni della sua opera, fosse anche solo la rivoluzionaria produzione della celeberrima Lady Marmalade delle Labelle, con cui costruì nel 1974 un solido ponte tra la musica di New Orleans e la disco-dance che verrà. Ma Toussaint è stato l’inventore di un inconfondibile mix di ritmo, percussioni e soprattutto fiati, di cui è stato forse il più richiesto e capace arrangiatore. Non era soul, non era funky, non era blues: il suo era un suono che oggi si riconosce essere quello ufficiale di New Orleans, e di cui hanno beneficiato una lista lunghissima di grandi artisti, da Paul Simon e Paul McCartney, fino a Elvis Costello. Non amava apparire: nel 2005 l’uragano Katrina si portò via il suo studio di registrazione, crogiolo di una lista impressionante di capolavori della musica americana, e quella fu l’occasione della sua prima apparizione televisiva in carriera, a casa David Letterman.
Nicola Gervasini<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>تهیه، توزیع و طبخ غذای بین روز کارکنان
مناقصه با عنوان تهیه، توزیع و طبخ غذای بین روز کارکنان و با کد هزاره 110629 در تاریخ چهار شنبه، 6 خرداد 1388 در سایت ارتباط گستران هزاره منتشر شده و مهلت شرکت در آن تا تاریخ 1388/03/21 می باشد. این آگهی مربوط به استان(های) تهران بوده و در دسته بندی (های) کلیه مناقصه های داخلی، طبخ غذا انتشار یافته است.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>ZWIĄZEK POLAKÓW WE WŁOSZECH | ASSOCIAZIONE DEI POLACCHI IN ITALIA
Quest’anno, le celebrazioni in occasione della Festa Nazionale dell’Indipendenza della Polonia si sono svolte a Varsavia in Piazza Piłsudski. A mezzogiorno, il presidente della Repubblica di Polonia, Andrzej Duda, accompagnato dai rappresentanti delle massime autorità statali, ha deposto una corona di fiori alla Tomba del Milite Ignoto. È stato solennemente cantato l’inno polacco e alzata la bandiera nazionale. Il presidente ha deposto una corona di fiori anche al monumento del maresciallo Piłsudski situato nella piazza a lui intitolata ed in seguito ha pronunciato un discorso commemorativo.
Le notizie aggiornate relative a questa cerimonia di Varsavia e la registrazione del discorso commemorativo del Presidente della Repubblica di Polonia, Andrzej Duda, troverete nella pagina web tvp.info:
Qualche cenno sulla storia delle celebrazioni della Festa Nazionale dell’Indipendenza:
È una festa nazionale celebrata l’11 novembre di ogni anno per commemorare la riconquista dell’indipendenza della Polonia nel 1918, alla fine della prima guerra mondiale e dopo 123 anni di spartizioni (dal 1795 al 1918).
L’11 novembre 1918 il Consiglio della Reggenza cedette a Józef Piłsudski, liberato dalla fortezza di Magdeburgo, il potere militare e il comando supremo delle truppe polacche. Lo stesso giorno, la Germania firmò un armistizio per porre fine ai combattimenti della Grande Guerra. Dopo più di 120 anni la Polonia stava riacquistando la propria indipendenza. Fonte:
La Festa Nazionale dell’Indipendenza dell’11 novembre è stata istituito con la legge del 23 aprile 1937, abolita a seguito della legge del Consiglio Nazionale della Repubblica il 22 luglio 1945 ed infine ripristinata solo nel 1989, nel periodo della trasformazione sistemica della Polonia. Il giorno 11 novembre è sempre stato libero da lavoro.
Ogni anno in Polonia, la Festa Nazionale dell’Indipendenza dell’11 novembre viene celebrata in modo molto solenne. Nelle città più grandi (tra cui Varsavia, Łódź), vengono organizzate sfilate occasionali lungo le strade principali di queste città. Non mancano neanche concerti di musica patriottica, conferenze tematiche o rievocazioni storiche.
Quest’anno, così speciale non solo per la Polonia ma anche per l’intera Europa, non ci sarà alcuna marcia militare nell’ambito delle celebrazioni della Festa dell’Indipendenza e molti degli eventi pianificati saranno trasferiti su Internet.
Come indicato dalla Cancelleria del Presidente prima delle celebrazioni dell’11 novembre:
In occasione della Festa Nazionale dell’Indipendenza, il Ministro degli Affari Esteri della Repubblica di Polonia, Szymon Szynkowski vel Sęk, ha indirizzato a tutta la comunità polacca all’estero la seguente lettera:<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>سخنگوی دولت مطرح کرد
دولت اقتصاد را به مذاکرات گره نزده است / توافق موقت در دستور کار نیست
سخنگوی دولت با بیان اینکه برنامهریزی طرح پیشرانان اقتصادی، به حل مشکل تورم و بهبود سرمایه گذاری مولد منجر میشود، گفت: این امر نشان دهنده رویکرد دولت در خنثی سازی تحریم و توجه به ظرفیت های داخلی است.
علی بهادری جهرمی در ابتدای نشست خبری با اهالی رسانه با بیان اینکه همانگونه که اعلام شد مطابق مصوبه بورس، توزیع سود سهام عدالت برای سهامداران تا پایان امسال یعنی قبل از پایان اسفند را خواهیم داشت، اظهار کرد: سود سهام عدالت بیش از ۲.۵ برابر بیشترین میزان سودی است که تا حالا پرداخت شده است. هر سهامدار سود ۵۳۰ تا ۵۵۰ هزار تومان دریافت میکند و برای دارندگان سهام یک میلیون تومانی این رقم یک میلیون تومان برای هر یک نفر می شود.
سخنگوی دولت ادامه داد: روز گذشته مراسم افتتاح پروژه آبرسانی و برق رسانی در وزارت نیرو برگزار شد. پروژه آب رسانی به ۱۰ هزار روستا با ۱۹ هزار میلیارد سرمایه گذاری که برای تامین آب شرب بیش از ۳ میلیون نفر در مدت زمان ۳۰ ماه به نتیجه خواهد رسید.
وی اضافه کرد: دیروز برخی پروژه ها از جمله طرح آب رسانی به ۴۸۰ روستا، مورد بهره برداری قرار گرفت. برق رسانی به ۲۱۱ روستای کشور هم مورد بهره برداری قرار گرفت.
بهادری جهرمی یادآور شد: آغاز عملیات اجرایی ۴۸ پروژه در حوزه صنعت و پتروشیمی با ارزش تقریبی ۵۰۰ هزار میلیارد تومان نیز از ابتکارات دولت مردمی بود. یکی از نگاه های جدی دولت توسعه با محوریت قرار دادن بخش خصوصی است که دولت تسهیل گر آن باشد. محوریت فعالیت دولت مردمی خود مردم هستند.
سخنگوی دولت تاکید کرد: پیش بینی می شود پس از بهره برداری کامل از پروژه ها بیش از ۲۰ میلیارد دلار درآمد سالانه آنها باشد که از این مبلغ ۱۱ میلیارد دلار صادرات است.
وی با تاکید بر اینکه این اقدامات در راستای هدفگذاری دولت برای تحقق رشد ۸ درصدی است، گفت: اینها بخشی از اقدامات دولت برای سرمایه گذاری مولد است که به ۱۵۰۰ هزار میلیارد تومان در سال آینده می رسد. این پروژه ها ۲۱ هزار شغل و ۶۴ هزار شغل به صورت غیر مستقیم ایجاد می کنند.
طرح پیشرانان اقتصادی بزرگترین سرمایه گذاری تاریخ اقتصاد ایران است
بهادری جهرمی با یادآوری اینکه محوریت فعالیت ها در دولت مردمی، مردم هستند و دولت تسهیل گر، حامی و نظارت کننده امور خواهد بود، ادامه داد: طرح پیشرانان اقتصادی بزرگترین سرمایه گذاری تاریخ اقتصاد ایران است. این پروژه ها برای همان مجموعه اقتصادی اجرا کننده، مولد و سودآور و تکمیل کننده زنجیره فعالیت آنها خواهند بود و از منظر ملی دارای اولویت و منفعت برای عموم نیز هستند.
سخنگوی دولت افزود: پیش از این جلسات متعددی برای بررسی کارشناسی این طرح ها برگزار شده و تیم اقتصادی دولت با حضور رئیس جمهوری موانع و الزامات اجرای این طرح ها را بررسی کرده اند. این سرمایه گذاری در ۱۳ استان و ۲۷ شهرستان اجرا خواهد شد و گستره جغرافیایی بسیار وسیعی دارد.
وی با بیان اینکه برنامهریزی طرح پیشرانان اقتصادی، به حل مشکل تورم و بهبود سرمایه گذاری مولد منجر میشود، اظهار کرد: این امر نشان دهنده رویکرد دولت در خنثی سازی تحریم و توجه به ظرفیت های داخلی است.
بهادری ج
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1918年1月24日人民委员会的理事会批准这是2月1日“关于引进俄罗斯共和国西欧日历的法令”1918年生效。因此，日历转移到14天。
欧洲国家长期生活在公历，教皇格里高利十三世，和俄罗斯的名字命名 - 朱利安（代表凯撒）
自1月1日的新风格是新的14号。定制是为了满足旧新年在13至一月，在俄罗斯14个晚上，由于俄罗斯东正教会继续满足和新年和圣诞节按照儒略历，从普通的公历不同的事实。因此，俄罗斯人（不仅是他们）在每次提到大家最喜欢的度假一次吧！
有趣的是，这一天过年之前，这在古代称为尤里耶维奇日在俄罗斯有全年的关键。瓦西里庆祝节日养殖，这是与未来相关的收获，并进行仪式obsevaniya - “Avsenev”长假“Ovsenev”或故名这个仪式是在全国不同地区不同：例如，在图拉儿童散落在屋子春小麦，一边说一个祈祷丰收，而女方则采集，并一直保持到播种的时间。乌克兰仪式不同的乐趣，跳舞和唱歌。
而另一种是一种仪式 - 煮粥。在新年的晚上，凌晨2点左右，最年长的女性带来了谷仓的臀部，和高级男子从水井或河流带来的水。触摸臀部和水，只要炉不热了起来，这是不可能的 - 他们只是站在桌子上。然后，所有的桌子坐了下来，老大的女人开始骚动了锅粥，同时一定的仪式话说 - 谷物通常是荞麦。然后，他们都从桌上起身，和女主人把粥炉 - 弓。煮粥从烤箱中取出，并仔细考虑。如果锅只是一塌糊涂和 - 的丰富性和易碎，有可能要等待一个幸福的一年丰收 - 早上煮粥食之。如果你走出粥锅或壶破裂的 - 它没有承诺的房子什么都好业主，然后期望的麻烦，并投掷粥
。
他们应该得到特别的关注，因为一个女孩的算命。这只是没有做弱者一半的代表，不仅要学习，他们已经准备好反复无常的命运。
从家去房子的另一个有趣的仪式，把自己的菜猪肉。夜罗勒游客当然有喂猪肉馅饼，煮或烤猪肉的脚和一般的任何菜肴，其中包括猪肉。董事会还要求把猪头。猪农和猪肉制品的守护神，并认为，如果餐桌上的晚上会有很多猪肉，那么这些动物将在经济品种丰富，带给业主一个良好的利润 - 这圣巴索认为“svinyatnikom”的事实。这是一个更积极的仪式粥，特别是热心和勤奋业主的标志。
令人惊讶的铿锵可折叠说“是小猪Borovka为Vasilyeva Vechercom”也促进了经济繁荣和丰富了主机的心情。但模具旧过年包饺子了惊喜的传统似乎没有那么久以前 - 没有人真的不记得在哪里或当，但它高兴在俄罗斯许多地区观测到
。
在一些城市，他们塑造的几乎每一个家庭 - 与家人和朋友，然后安排一个有趣的吃饭，吃了这些饺子，盼着，给谁，什么将下降惊喜
。<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>关于低通滤波器 跟我一起看看它的原理吧
2020-07-03 16:50:36 来源：回家的梦想 点击：1629
【大比特导读】本文主要介绍了低通滤波器，电感的特性是阻交流电通直流电，因此大家利用电感的特性制作出了电感与电阻组成的低通滤波器，它的工作原理是，在小于临界频率时，交流电可以通过，大于临界频率时就不可以通过。
电感有一个特性是“阻交通直”，阻交就是说电感会阻拦交流电，但不会完全隔离它;
通直的话就相当好理解了，当输入电流是直流电时，各位小伙伴可以直接把电感当作一段输电线，而忽略电感的存在。
利用电感阻交通直这一特性，大家对其“大做文章”，其中最经典的就是RL低通滤波器，也就是电感与电阻构成的低通滤波器!电阻在这儿没有什么好说的，它起到的作用是阻拦电流。
低频
各位小伙伴直接假设为最极端的状况，如果是直流电(频率为0)，因为电感的阻交流电通直流电这一特性，针对直流电，这时候电感相当于一根输电线，此刻的电源电路等同于如下电源电路。
各位小伙伴输入什么信号，此刻就会输出什么信号。
说白了低通便是在低频状况下能够经过电流。
高频
此刻各位小伙伴渐渐地扩大信号的频率，由于电感有阻拦交流信号的特性。
在最初的情况下电感会略微阻拦交流信号，仅仅只是轻微的阻拦哦，随后各位小伙伴再次扩大频率，直至扩大到信号不可以输出为止，这个让信号不可以输出的频率我们称为截止频率。实际上便是临界频率，当小于这个值的情况下，交流信号是可以经过的，而高过这个值的情况下就没有办法通过了。
随后，各位小伙伴再假设另外一种极端状况，那就是频率无穷大的的情况下，此刻电感的感抗也会变得无穷大，假定电阻为1KΩ，此刻的电感的感抗可能是100KΩ。
此刻各位小伙伴再输入高频，输入的是5V，根据电阻分压原理，输出仅有0.05V，跟5V比起来等同于没有信号输出了，因为它实在是太小了!
这就是RL低通滤波器的工作原理，你看懂了没有?是不是特别简单呢?
声明：转载此文是出于传递更多信息之目的。若有来源标注错误或侵犯了您的合法权益，请与我们联系，我们将及时更正、删除，谢谢。
近日，信维通信回复投资者问，在 PA 方面，公司已经拥有中低端 PA 的自主设计能力，正在加快多种品类滤波器的开发以及客户认证工作。
每个通道都由21V模拟输入箝位保护电路、具备5MΩ输入阻抗的电阻可编程增益放大器、一阶抗混叠滤波器和16位SARADC组成。
本文主要介绍了滤波器，今年我国云塔科技联合中科大微电子学院发布了5G毫米波滤波器，这类微型滤波器在全球都很稀有，不但可以应用在各种5G设备和基站中，还可以为6G提供经济有效的滤波器解决方案。
本文主要介绍了滤波器在音频的作用，滤波器主要是平衡音频，高通滤波器可以滤除声音中的低频噪音，可以解决乐器与乐器之间的频段冲突，下面就跟小编 一起来了解滤波器吧。
本文开头会介绍EMI电源滤波器的原理，然后还会分析EMI电源滤波器的性能，后面会分享给大家在选择EMI电源滤波器的小技巧，结尾会详细分析下未来EMI电源滤波器的发展趋势和现状。
本文主要介绍了滤波器，随着5G时代的来临，5G手机的批量生产对滤波器的需求越来越多，4G手机仅需30个滤波器，而5G手机则要上百个滤波器，滤波器市场即将爆发。
第一时间获取电子制造行业新鲜资讯和深度商业分析，请在微信公众账号中搜索“大比特商务网”或者“big-bit”，或用手机扫描左方二维码，即可获得大比特每日精华内容推送和最优搜索体验，并参与活动！
发表评论<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Most of us in the west have a sedentary lifestyle. It’s not a great way to live. When the body is too still it becomes sluggish and the mind follows suit. Exercising sounds like a drag to a lot of people. Isn’t it a little scary that we have come to resent the need to move our bodies? We have so many creature comforts we somehow think the good life consists of “taking it easy”, “relaxing”, eating, drinking, and “being merry.” In the U.S. an enormous emphasis on sedentary entertainment is force-fed us every day. For some people sitting, eating, and watching movies has become a substitute for living an active, adventurous life.
Ever seen those teen movies where the high school jocks are all walking around smiling, in great shape, and getting what they want? Annoying right? Yeah, maybe, but there are physiological and psychological reasons that exercise not only helps the body look good, but changes your mind—and your life. Here are some of them:
1. Exercising increases deep breathing. This can help balance emotions, detoxify the lymphatic system, assist with digestion by massaging the internal organs and moving waste out of the intestines, and eliminate excess carbon dioxide from the body.
2. Exercising is shown to improve blood and lymphatic circulation—reducing toxins and inflammation. This increased circulation also gets more oxygen and nutrients to cells—keeping them healthier.
3. Exercising for the sweat of it. The skin is said to be the “third kidney.” It has a major role in detoxification through sweat. Sweating releases toxins like salts and cholesterol as well as BPA—a modern toxin absorbed through plastics. Sweating can also help prevent kidney stones.
4. Get happy. Stress relief is a well-known benefit of exercise. The oxygenation of the blood, toxin elimination, and endorphins released during exercise are now well documented to increase mental clarity, increase happiness, and reduce stress. If you suffer from depression or anxiety, exercise is key for treating these issues.
5. Discipline is also a benefit of exercise. As you discipline yourself in exercise you simultaneously train yourself to be self-disciplined about attaining goals in your life.
Below the Raw Intuition guy guides you through the joys of exercise:<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Un cane è stato trovato con lesioni da ustioni di terzo grado dopo essere stato incatenato ad un albero a West Palm Beach durante un incendio nel 2017. Il cane è diventato mascotte per la passeggiata annuale 2018 della Peggy Adams Animal Rescue League. Smokey, ora ribattezzato Fen, è stato trovato nel marzo 2017 legato in un campo per senzatetto. La struttura si trova sul blocco 2500 dell’Australian Avenue, appena a nord di Palm Beach Lakes Boulevard. La vicenda è raccontata da un portale locale.
Il cane aveva ustioni di terzo grado così gravi che la sua gamba era bruciata fino all’osso. Lo ha detto la Peggy Adams Animal Rescue League in un comunicato stampa. Il capitano Gregg Gordon del West Palm Beach Fire Rescue ha sottolineato: “Il cucciolo è stato dato alle fiamme abbastanza bene. Anche quando lo abbiamo afferrato, era molto angosciato. Ero preoccupato che non sopravvivesse”.
I cittadini preoccupati hanno aiutato a raccogliere migliaia di dollari per aiutare a salvare Smokey, che aveva anche ferite interne da ustioni. Smokey “ha ricevuto 40 trattamenti in una camera di ossigeno iperbarica, due trasfusioni di sangue e un’estesa cura delle ferite”. Lo ha riferito il dott. Beth Keser, veterinario capo della Peggy Adams Rescue League.
Smokey e la sua nuova vita
Due mesi dopo il recupero, il cane fu adottato dalla dottoressa Katelyn Thomas, una stagista veterinario presso il Jupiter Pet Emergency and Specialty Center, che aiutò Smokey a riprendersi e mantenersi in salute. La passeggiata “pet-friendly” si svolgerà il 10 marzo dalle 9:00 a mezzogiorno al CityPlace sulla 700 S. Rosemary Avenue. L’evento include intrattenimento dal vivo e colazione gratuita.
Alle 10:15, dopo la registrazione, Smokey condurrà la passeggiata con la sua nuova famiglia, i suoi soccorritori dei vigili del fuoco, un veterinario che ha curato il cane e il personale dello Jupiter Pet Emergency and Specialty Center. Durante la passeggiata, i partecipanti possono partecipare a concorsi di costumi per animali domestici, aste silenziose e una lotteria per aggiudicarsi i premi.
Tutti i proventi andranno alla Peggy Adams Animal Rescue League, un’organizzazione locale per il soccorso degli animali senza scopo di lucro che opera nella contea di Palm Beach. Rich Anderson, CEO di Peggy Adams Animal Rescue League, ha chiarito: “Our Walk for the Animals è cresciuto enormemente nel corso degli anni e siamo davvero entusiasti di ospitare CityPlace quest’anno”.
GM<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>مدیرعامل شرکت گاز خراسان جنوبی گفت: سال گذشته بالاترین مقدار شبکه گازرسانی اجرا شده در شرکتهای گاز استانی به میزان ۲ هزار و ۴۷۱ کیلومتر به نام شرکت گاز خراسان جنوبی ثبت شد.
محمود هاشمی، امروز یکشنبه ۲۹ فروردین به رسانههای گروهی گفت: از این مقدار گازرسانی ۲ هزار و ۳۷۷ اجرای بیش از ۲ هزار کیلومتر شبکه توزیع و تغذیه گاز در سال ۹۹کیلومتر مربوط به مناطق روستایی و ۹۴ کیلومتر مربوط به مناطق شهری استان بوده است.
ب، وی افزود: در راستای بهره مندی هرچه بیشتر روستاهای استان از نعمت گاز طبیعی حدود ۷۴ درصد شبکه گازرسانی در استان مربوط به مناطق روستایی و مابقی مربوط به مناطق شهری استان است.
وی، از اجرای ۵۹ کیلومتر خط انتقال گاز طی سال گذشته توسط شرکت گاز خراسان جنوبی خبر داد و گفت: مجموع خطوط انتقال گاز در استان به هزار و ۴۵ کیلومتر افزایش یافته است.
مدیرعامل شرکت گاز خراسان جنوبی با اشاره به ثبت رکورد بی سابقه گازرسانی به ۶۳۴ روستا طی سال گذشته در خراسان جنوبی، یادآور شد: امیدواریم، تا چند ماه آینده همه روستاهای باقیمانده دارای قابلیت گازرسانی استان، از نعمت گاز طبیعی بهرهمند شوند.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Let’s discuss a very important concept of Critical Reasoning — analyzing a conditional statement. You will often encounter these even though they may not be in the exact same format as the one we will discuss below. We will discuss the basic framework and then we will look at questions where this concept will be very helpful. Mind you, without this framework, it can get a little tricky to wrap your head around these questions.
If you trouble your teacher, you will be punished.
What does this imply? It implies that ‘troubling your teacher’ is a sufficient condition to get punished. If you trouble, you will get punished.
What about the other way around? What if you got punished? Can we say that you troubled your teacher? No! You could have got punished for something else. Mind you, troubling your teacher is not a necessary condition to get punished. There could be other things that could lead to punishment.
On the same lines, what if you didn’t trouble your teacher? Can we say that you didn’t get punished? Hope it makes sense to you that it is not necessary that you didn’t get punished. You could have been punished for something else.
What if you didn’t get punished? Does that imply something? Sure! We can say that you didn’t trouble your teacher and you didn’t do anything else that could get you punished.
To write it succinctly,
Statement: If A, then B (A is sufficient for B to happen)
A implies B
B does NOT imply A
‘Not A’ does NOT imply ‘Not B’
‘Not B’ implies ‘Not A’
Notice that you can replace ‘if’ by ‘when’ or ‘whenever’.
Only if you work hard will you succeed.
What does this imply? It implies that hard work is a necessary condition to succeed. Note here that it may not be sufficient to succeed but it is definitely necessary. Along with hard work, you might need smarts and luck on your side too.
What if you know that Tom worked hard? Can you say he succeeded? No, it is not necessary. As discussed, only hard work may not have been enough. It was essential but it may still not have led to success.
What if you know that Tom succeeded? Can we say that he worked hard? Yes! Since he succeeded and hard work was essential to succeed, he must have worked hard.
Let’s look at it the other way now. What happens when Tom doesn’t work hard? We know that in that case he certainly doesn’t succeed. Hard work is essential to success. No hard work implies no success.
On the same lines, what about the case in which we know that Tom didn’t succeed? Can we say whether he
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Bone Marrow/Stem Cell Transplants (BMT)
Some children diagnosed with cancer undergo a "bone marrow" or a "stem cell" transplant, often referred to in the shorthand "BMT". The goal of a BMT is to replace nonfunctioning or defective bone marrow with healthy stem cells. Healthy stem cells can be obtained from bone marrow, peripheral blood, or umbilical cord blood, which in turn can be either from the child who is undergoing the transplant or a related or unrelated "donor".
A good printed reference is the book Pediatric Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, even though it is over ten years old and expensive. Edited by Ronald M. Kline. 640 pp., illustrated. New York, Informa Healthcare, 2006. $229.95. ISBN 978-0-8247-2445-0. Reviewed in the June 14, 2007 issue of the NEJM.
Blood & Marrow Transplant Information Network (BMT InfoNet)
Transplant Basics (everything you need to know about transplants), Transplant Centers (how to find one), Get Help, Publications and Products (including a handbook and a guide).
National Cancer Institute
Childhood Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation PDQ gives complete, updated information on childhood BMTs. Health Professional version.
National Marrow Donor Program
"Be The Match" is the website for the National Marrow Donor Program. It has sections for patients, donors, and supporters. The patient area has a section for childhood BMTs. Excellent and complete resource.
The Bone Marrow Foundation
Financial assistance, free expert services, and resources for patients, families, and survivors of BMTs.
National Bone Marrow Transplant Link (NBMTLink)
A wealth of educational materials, from printed books to webcasts to podcasts. Peer support by telephone, and telephone education support groups.
Provides free sibling cord blood storage for five years for expecting parents who have a child that needs a transplant.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>圣爱美浓葡萄酒评级“猫腻”曝光 两评委遭起诉发布时间：2018-10-08 点击：206次
据法新社近日报道，法国波尔多葡萄酒行业的两名人士，因涉嫌在圣爱美浓 （Saint-Emilion）名酒评级中既是评委也是参赛者，最近依“非法获取利益”罪名被起诉。
波尔多检察院2013年11月29日对该案立案展开司法侦讯。检察院指出：圣爱美浓四大A级名酒（Grands Crus）之一Angelus酒庄的业主于贝尔·德·博阿尔（Hubert De Bouard）和Trottevieille酒庄业主菲利普·卡斯泰雅（Philippe Casteja），被控“在公共机构委托他们负责行政或监督的一项任务中非法获取利益”。
法国波尔多葡萄酒行业的两名人士，因涉嫌在圣爱美浓 （Saint-Emilion）名酒评级中既是评委也是参赛者，最近依“非法获取利益”罪名被起诉。（图片来源：法新社资料图）
据Mediapart新闻网站披露，这两个人因涉嫌参与制定与2012年圣爱美浓名酒评级有关的新规则，分别于9月18日和19日被起诉。更重要的是，两人在这个评级中享有“直接或间接的利益”，他们却涉嫌参与评级程序。
据悉，在2007年至2012年的评级程序中，德·博阿尔在波尔多葡萄酒界担任多项重要职务，其中一项是全国葡萄酒原产地与质量监督机构（INAO）地区委员会主席。卡斯泰雅也一样，在制定2012年名酒评级期间，他是全国葡萄酒原产地与质量监督机构的全国委员。
3名葡萄酒酿制商在这个评级中被排除或被降级，对评级提出异议，2013年提出了申诉。
这个评级创立于1955年，是葡萄酒庄主人为了商业和财务利益而竞相争夺的目标，每10年由农业部属下的全国葡萄酒原产地与质量监督机构主导更新。
据知情人透露，这两名人士“涉嫌既是评委，也是角逐利益方，因为评级对其自己酒庄葡萄酒的价值具有庞大的经济效果”。
法新社向卡斯泰雅求证时，后者表示“对这桩案子泰然”。他说：“我从未管过圣爱美浓葡萄酒的评级”。
梅多克三级酒庄违规加糖被罚20万欧元
事实上，圣爱美浓不是唯一被曝出有“猫腻”的葡萄酒产区。
今年6月21日，位于波尔多左岸的梅多克三级酒庄美人鱼酒庄（Chateau Giscours）因违规在葡萄汁里加糖，被波尔多轻罪法庭依“食品、饮料、农产品掺假”罪判处20万欧元罚款。酒庄总经理被判3个月缓刑以及3万欧元罚款，技术总监被判处3个月缓刑。涉案3.97万升价值220万欧元的葡萄酒被全部销毁。
梅多克三级酒庄美人鱼酒庄。（图片来源：法新社资料图）
2016年10月至11月，监察人员在美人鱼酒庄的两个酿酒桶中，检测出人为添加的剂量可观的糖份。
在葡萄汁发酵前加糖的目的是提高葡萄酒的酒精度数。是否可以加糖需要省政府的许可。而2016年的美乐（merlot）葡萄品种未被允许添加糖份，美人鱼酒庄违规操作，涉嫌造假。法院判决下达之后，美人鱼酒庄发表声明称，违规加糖的葡萄酒未流入市场。
面对波尔多轻罪法院这一严厉判决，美人鱼酒庄表示将提起上诉，并强调本次违规加糖事件是“人为错误”，而不是故意作假。
这不是美人鱼酒庄第一次惹上官司。此前，该酒庄就因超量加糖，添加牛奶以遮盖寄生虫异味，混合不同年份的葡萄酒等违规操作多次被法院判罚。
分享至：上一篇：2030年俄罗斯葡萄酒消费量或翻一番 下一篇：香槟地区和勃艮第地区喜迎高质量葡萄丰收<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Managing Cholesterol Without Medication
It is a common misunderstanding that all cholesterol is bad for your health. Cholesterol is actually very important to the proper functioning of your body. There are two main types of cholesterol—HDL and LDL.
LDL cholesterol supports your body by delivering cholesterol to cells—but too much LDL cholesterol clogs your arteries. When your arteries are clogged, blood flow in the body is restricted, increasing your risk of heart disease and stroke. This is why LDL is often known as the “bad” cholesterol.
HDL, often called the “healthy” or “good” cholesterol, removes excess LDL from the body.
What Affects My Cholesterol?
There are many factors that affect your cholesterol but the most important ones are your diet, weight and how active you are. Red meats, dairy products and other foods high in saturated fats raise your overall cholesterol, especially your LDL. Foods high in trans fats, like fried and processed foods, raise your LDL and lower your HDL.
If you are overweight or carry extra pounds around your midsection, you might have a higher risk of high cholesterol. Smoking and other chronic conditions like Type 2 Diabetes can also affect your risk of developing high cholesterol.
Managing Cholesterol Naturally
Medication may be necessary to help some people manage their cholesterol, but there are steps that everyone can take to reach or maintain healthy cholesterol levels.
- Choose better proteins and meats. Because of the high amount of saturated fats in red meat, try eating these less often. If you choose to eat red meat or other meats, select leaner cuts—aim for at least 92% fat-free. Choosing skinless chicken and turkey can also help cut out saturated fats. Or, try non-meat proteins like beans, lentils and fish.
- Choose low-fat dairy products or non-dairy alternatives. Dairy products high in fat raise your bad cholesterol. Try selecting low-fat or reduced-fat milks, cheeses and yogurts instead. Products with non-dairy bases like almond milk and coconut milk are also great alternatives.
- Eat more whole grains, fruits and vegetables. Fiber in whole wheat grains, oats, quinoa, fruits and vegetables can help lower your bad cholesterol. The USDA recommends three to five servings of whole grains, 1.5 to two servings of fruit and two to three servings of vegetables for adults each day.
- Avoid fried and processed foods. One of the easiest ways to help your cholesterol is by avoiding fried and processed foods. These foods contain high amounts of trans fats that increase your bad cholesterol and lower the good. Instead of frying foods, try pan-frying or sautéing with olive oil or avocado oil.
- Quit smoking. When you smoke, your blood vessels become weaker and your good cholesterol levels decrease. But there’s good news! Even if you are a long-time smoker, the effects of quitting on your blood vessels and heart are still significant. In fact, within one year of quitting, your risk of heart disease decreases by half.
- Get moving! Exercising regularly helps raise your good cholesterol levels. Regular physical activity can also help you lose excess weight, improving your cholesterol levels even more. Aim for at least 30 minutes of moderate physical activity a day.
If you’re having trouble managing your cholesterol, speak with your doctor. For more information and tips on maintain a healthy cholesterol, visit the CDC’s website. And make sure you get an annual physical and discus the results of your blood tests with your doctor.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>A European space probe has mapped over one billion stars in our own Milky Way galaxy.
The Gaia spacecraft was launched by the European Space Agency in 2013 and has cataloged 1.15 billion stars, 400 million of which have never been mapped.
According to French astronomer and Gaia team member Francois Mignard, the map is "both the largest and the most accurate full-sky map ever produced."
But over the course of the probe’s five-year mission, astronomers expect the information in the catalogue to expand up to 500 times.
The spectacular map was revealed at a press conference in Madrid and shows stars that are half a million times dimmer than stars we can see with our own eyes.
The detail of the map comes thanks to a billion-pixel camera on board Gaia, which orbits the sun at 1.5 million kilometers beyond Earth’s orbit.
To put the quality of Gaia’s images in perspective astronomers compared it to NASA’s Hubble Space Telescope, which has captured images of very faint stars.
"Imagine taking pictures with Hubble, except of the full sky -- that is effectively what you are seeing here,"said Anthony Brown, a researcher at Leiden University in the Netherlands and a member of Gaia's data processing and analysis team.
Gaia maps stars in two ways, noting both location and their movement, but the probe is also collecting data on the stars’ temperatures, luminosity and chemical makeup.
Gaia is also expected to help astronomers understand more about the formation of the galaxy and the nature of the universe.
"There is a new revolution coming," said Antonella Vallenari of Italy's National Institute for Astrophysics, and a member of the Gaia team. "Gaia is meant to answer a fundamental question: How was our galaxy formed?"
Data from Gaia is available to the public here.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>How To Fertilize Your Lawn
Continued from page 1
What do those numbers on the fertilizer bag mean?
Fertilizer is comprised of three primary nutrients; Nitrogen, Phosphorous and Potassium. The symbols for these nutrients, respectively, are N - P - K. The numbers on fertilizer packages represent the ratio of the nutrient to the total weight of the package. So a 50 lb. bag labeled as 25-5-10 is 25% nitrogen, 5% phosphorous, 10% potassium. By multiplying the weight of the package, by the percentage of the nutrient, you can determine the number of pounds of each nutrient. So in the example above, 25% * 50 lbs = 12.5 lbs. of nitrogen, 2.5 lbs. phosphorous and 5 lbs. potassium.
So what is the rest of the bag contain? Mostly inert fillers. Why not make the bag lighter and leave those fillers out? Those fillers help with even distribution of the nutrients and in the slow-release of nutrients over time.
When to fertilize a lawn?
The weather is the chief influence on when to apply nutrients. The beginning and end of the growing season are the two most important times to fertilize the lawn. These two applications will be adequate to sustain a healthy lawn. However, also preparing for the winter and fertilizing prior to the appearance of weeds will give you the best results.
Where you live influences the timing for each of these applications. If you live in a warmer climate, then the early and late summer are ideal for pre and post growth season applications. In colder climates, spring and fall are the best times to apply nutrients. Early summer is the time to apply nutrients to aid in the prevention of weeds.
For winter protection you should apply fertilizer prior to the first frost or in warmer climates, when the grass stops growing.
Page 2 of 3<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Fotosentez:
- Üreticilerin karbondioksit ve suyu kullanarak güneş ışığı yardımıyla besin ve oksijen üretmesine fotosentez denir.
- Bitkiler fotosentez için gereksinim duydukları suyu topraktan kökleri aracılığıyla alır. Güneş ışığından yararlanmak için ise Güneş ışığının soğurulması gerekmektedir. Soğurulma işlemi bitkinin yaprak hücrelerinde bulunan kloroplast organelindeki klorofil sayesinde gerçekleşir.
- Güneş ışığı yaprağa geldiğinde yapraktaki klorofil bunu soğurur. Topraktan kökler aracılığıyla alınan su ve mineraller havadan alınan karbondioksit ile klorofil içinde kullanılır. Fotosentez sonucunda besin olarak glikoz denilen basit şeker üretilir ve oksijen gazı açığa çıkar.
- Üretilen oksijenin bir kısmı bitki tarafından kullanılır. Diğer kısmı havaya verilir ve diğer canlılar tarafından kullanılır.
- Fotosentez sonucu elde edilen besin, basit bir karbonhidrat olan glikozdur. Bitkiler, glikozun bir kısmını kendi gelişimleri için kullanırken bir kısmını da depo eder. Tüketiciler bitkileri tüketerek bu glikozu bünyelerine katar.
- Fotosentez için güneş ışığı veya yapay ışık kullanılabilir.
- Fotosentez ile güneş enerjisi kimyasal enerjiye dönüşür.
Fotosentez hızını etkileyen faktörler:
Fotosentez hızını etkileyen faktörler genetik faktörler(iç) ve çevresel faktörler(dış) olarak iki kısımda incelenir.
Genetik faktörler(iç): Yaprak sayısı, yaprak genişliği krolofil miktarı, gözenek sayısı(stoma), enzim miktarı fotosentez hızına etki eden genetik faktörlerdir. Bu faktörlerin miktarı fazla oldukça fotosentez hızı da artar.
Çevresel faktörler(dış):
Işık Şiddeti: Işık şiddeti arttıkça fotosentez hızı belirli bir seviyeye kadar artar, sonra sabit kalır.
Karbondioksit Miktarı: Karbondioksit miktarı artınca fotosentez hızı belirli bir seviyeye kadar artar, sonra sabit kalır.
Su miktarı: Ortamdaki suyun belirli bir değere kadar artışı fotosentez hızını artırır, sonra sabit kalır.
Mineraller: Demir, magnezyum, kalsiyum, potasyum, fosfor, azot gibi minerallerin fotosentezde rolü vardır. Bitkilerin büyümesi fotosenteze bağlıdır ve büyüme hızı da bitki için gerekli minerallerden miktarı en az olana göre belirlenir.
Ortamın Ph’ı: Toprak ya da suların pH değeri bitkilerin gelişimi için önemlidir. pH değişiklikleri enzimlerin yapısını bozabilir. Bu nedenle de fotosentez hızını etkiler.
Unutma! Fotosentez hızının bir süre sonra sabit kalmasının nedeni diğer faktörlerin aynı oranda artmamasından kaynaklanır.
Sıcaklık: Işık şiddeti düşük olduğunda sıcaklık yükselse bile fotosentez hızında belirgin bir değişiklik gözlenmez. Ancak yüksek ışık şiddetinde sıcaklık artışı fotosentez hızını belirli bir değere kadar arttırır. Bu değerden sonra enzimlerin yapısı bozulacağından fotosentez hızı düşer.
Işığın Dalga Boyu: Fotosentez mor, mavi, yeşil, sarı, turuncu ve kırmızı renklerdeki ışıkta(görünür ışıkta) gerçekleşir. Fotosentez hızını klorofil molekülünün ışığı soğurması etkiler. Klorofil molekülü en fazla kırmızı ve mor dalga boyundaki ışınları, en az ise yeşil dalga boyundaki ışınları soğurur.
Fotosentezin canlılar için önemi:
- Doğadaki oksijen ve karbondioksit dengesi sağlanır.
- Canlılar için besin üretimi sağlanmış olur.
- Tekstil, ilaç sanayi gibi birçok alanda fotosentez ürünleri kullanılır.
- Doğal gaz, petrol, kömür gibi fosil yakıtların oluşmasını sağlar.
- Sera etkisini azaltır, küresel ısınmayı engeller.
Solunum:
- Canlıların besinleri parçalayarak enerji elde etmesi olayına denir
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誤用］一文中提出懲罰的三種原理：一是報復說(The Retributive Theory)，即所謂「以牙還牙」、「殺人償命」的意思；二是懲戒說(The Deterrent Theory)即所謂「殺雞儆猴」、「懲一儆百」的意思；三是感化說(The Reformative Theory)，即強調透過矯正、治療、訓練與教育，使犯過者改過遷善。
3.懲罰的規準
懲罰有正反兩面的規準；歐陽教在［德育原理］中指出懲罰的三個正面規準：一是要合於認知的原理，即有真憑實據，且有真正行為才可以罰；二是要合於道德的原則，即有益於世道人心，且大眾所認可的善良價值；三是要合於法律的規定，非出於私仇恩怨報復。
而英國哲學家邊沁(J. Bentham)在其［道德與立法原理導論］(An Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legistation)中，訂出了四個懲罰的反面規準可以無懲罰。二是無據：即沒有根據和要防止的危害，則行為大概無害；二是無效：即不能防止危害則不必罰。三是無益：即產生危害大於要防止的危害時也不必罰。四是無需：即考量結果，不罰代價較低時則無需罰。
懲罰理論
Theoy of Punishment
以 Theoy of Punishment 進行詞彙精確檢索結果
<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Submit your own photos of “visual Visual Physics physics”: email pictures to tpt@ Jennifer J. Birriel appstate.edu Morehead State University Morehead, KY Ice flowers form when the temperature is below freezing: capillary action inside the stem of a plant draws liquid water up the stem and the water freezes as it seeps into the open air. A “flower” is formed as the plant pumps more water, forming a continu- ous stream of ice. This flower was one of many observed while hiking the Sheltowee Trace in Bath County, KY, in December 2016 when the local temperature was 18°F. 192 The Physics Teacher ◆ Vol. 56, March 2018 DOI: 10.1119/1.5025311
The Physics Teacher – American Association of Physics Teachers
Published: Mar 1, 2018
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How can I help?
Grasslands National Park alone likely does not have enough habitat to support
a self-sustaining ferret population. This is why the support of landowners
bordering the park is essential to re-establish the species in Canada. Even
then, this reintroduced population may need supplemental reintroductions from
time to time.
Black-footed Ferrets. ©
- Support the efforts of the Toronto and Calgary Zoos as they work towards
the ferret’s reintroduction.
- Learn about the challenges of ranching and mixed-farming on the prairies
and its role in prairie conservation.
- Support ranchers and farmers who sustainably utilize the prairie resource.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>What is a Graphics API?
To put it simply, the graphics API is the system that is used to allow a game (or other computing task) to talk to the computer's hardware. The more efficient the API the more performance you will be able to get out of your computer's hardware, which means better framerates and/or render times in intensive applications/games. That is an extremely simplified explanation of what a graphics API is and what it does. For more information I would recommend checking out the following links (warning: gets pretty technical):
- Application Programming Interface (API) (Wikipedia)
- OpenGL (Wikipedia)
- Vulkan (API) (Wikipedia)
- Metal (API) Wikipedia
Historically, there have been two major API's: DirectX and OpenGL. DirectX has always been locked down to Microsoft systems (Windows OS and Xbox), whereas OpenGL runs on pretty much everything (Windows, Mac, Linux, Playstation, etc.). In OS X, OpenGL has been the only graphics API for years now. Recently, several new API's have popped up that promise better performance over what was capable with OpenGL and DirectX.
Vulkan is an upcoming graphics API that is compatible with all platforms and has widespread industry support from titans such Intel, AMD, Nvidia, Valve, Apple, Sony, etc.. It was originally speculated that Apple will support Vulkan in OS X, although that is looking less likely now (more on that below).
Metal is another graphics API that has been developed by Apple in order to allow developers of iOS and Mac applications to get better performance from the hardware. Metal began as iOS only, but Apple has brought it to OS X and we know for a fact that at least some major developers such as Blizzard and Epic are going to support it.
That means there are a total of four major graphics API's:
- DirectX - which has never been supported in OS X as Microsoft owns it and will not allow it to be used on other platforms
- OpenGL - the historical graphics API of choice for nearly every computing system outside of a Microsoft environment. OpenGL is likely to be replaced by...
- Vulkan - a brand new, up-and-coming, API that has widespread support and has garnered a lot of praise by many members of the technology community
- Metal - a custom graphics API developed by Apple for use with Apple systems (iOS and OS X). It is currently on the market and in use by a small number of applications
OpenGL in OS X
OpenGL has been the graphics API that Apple has used for years, and up until El Capitan it was the only API that could be used (El Capitan brought support for Metal). Despite relying on OpenGL, Apple has always been slow to update its OpenGL support with the latest features. The release of El Capitan is no different. El Capitan supports the exact same version of OpenGl that both Mavericks and Yosemite do: OpenGL 4.1 (with a few 4.2 extensions added in). OpenGL 4.1 was finalized in 2010, so Apple's (lack of) support for it is puzzling to say that least and doesn't bode well for them to support other API's like Vulkan (OpenGL is currently at version 4.5). Newer versions bring in new features and optimize existing features.
In regards to performance, OpenGL is a very capable API that can rival the performance and features of DirectX when used properly. Unfortunately for OpenGL, nearly all games are designed first using DirectX and then ported over to OpenGL later. This almost always results in a performance loss of up to 50%.
Games that are developed using OpenGL from the beginning will see similar performance in both OS X and Windows. ID Software (Enemy Territory: Quake Wars, Doom 3, RAGE) has used OpenGL for its games in the past. All major games on OS X currently use OpenGL.
Metal in OS X
Metal is still in its junior stages on both OS X and iPhone and will likely see much-expanded support in coming years. Blizzard has committed to using Metal for its games in OS X, but none of them have been updated with Metal support as of yet.
Ars Technica posted a preview of Metal vs OpenGL performance in their article titled: Metal Performance in OS X El Capitan: Sometimes Great, Often Mixed. Below is a slide from the article:
You'll notice that Metal wins some benchmarks, while OpenGL wins others. I would expect that Metal performance should increase as times goes on, but that is speculation on my part. OpenGL is a known quantity at this point, whereas metal can be a much more efficient API with the right programming and effort. Metal isn't going to give an Intel Integrated GPU the performance of a discrete GPU on OpenGL, but it does have the potential to give a slight boost in framerates.
The following studios/developers are confirmed to be supporting Metal:
- Blizzard Games - World of Warcraft will see support first, followed by Starcraft 2 and Hereos of the Storm
- Unity - Already support Metal on iOS; OS X support is a coming feature
- Epic - Unreal Engine - Already support Metal on iOS; OS X support is upcoming in the game Fortnight (currently in Alpha)
- The Foundry - Confirmed to be supporting Metal. Timeline unknown.
- Campo Santo - Upcoming game "Firewatch" will have metal support in OS X. (UPDATE: Firewatch has been released, but does not support Metal yet: Campo Santo blog post)
- 2K - Confirmed to be supporting metal. Timeline Unknown
- Autodesk - Confirmed to be working on Metal support. Timeline unknown.
- Feral - Confirmed to be supporting Metal. Will likely use for upcoming Mac ports of Windows games
- Aspyr - Confirmed to be supporting Metal. Will likely use for upcoming Mac ports of Windows games
- Adobe: Adobe has committed to bringing Metal support to all its Mac OS Creative Cloud applications. Timeline unknown.
Vulkan in OS X
Vulkan support in OS X is non-existent at this point and it has been speculated the Apple is going all-in on Metal and will not support Vulkan at all. Vulkan is managed by the Khronos Group, which also manages OpenGL. The Khronos Group is made up of many members, including, Microsoft, Apple, Google, Sony, and many more.
Given Apple's track record with OpenGL, its new focus on Metal; it is my personal speculation that Vulkan will not be supported in OS X in the near future. Perhaps in a few years once Vulkan has had some additional development time and Apple sees how support for the new API plays out in the real world. The Vulkan 1.0 release was scheduled for 2015, but has missed that target. Khronos Group states thatit's release is 'imminent'.
Which One is Best?
That is a difficult question to answer as we have not yet seen all of them in action. Vulkan is the successor to AMD's Mantle API, which gave a performance boost over DirectX (Battlefield 4: Mantle vs DirectX), but Vulkan is expected to be much more refined than Mantle and give even greater performance boosts. That said, there are no official numbers to go off of for Vulkan, so any performance estimates would be pure speculation.
At the moment, there are only two API options for OS X: OpenGL and Metal. Of those two, Metal offers better theoretical performance, making it the best OS X graphics API as of the time of writing this.
If you have any questions, comments or disagreements feel free to comment below. I will be responding the comment section.
UPDATE: I've edited the article slightly as the original version made some claims about Apple's relationship to Vulkan that I could not find any sources for. I apologize for misleading readers.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Önümüzdeki ay başlayacak olan Rio 2016 Yaz Olimpiyat Oyunları’nın madalyaları IOC başkanı Thomas Bach’a sunuldu.
Yapılan tanıtımda altın, gümüş ve bronz madalyalarda Olimpik figürlerin yanı sıra Rio Olimpiyatının sloganı ‘Yeni bir Dünya’ sözcüğü bulunuyor. Madalyaların zamanla bozulmayacak özel bir madenden üretilmiş oldukları da açıklandı.
Fotoğraf: Rio 2016 / Alex Ferro<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>İngiltere'nin başkenti Londra'da 12 Kasım Pazar günü başlayacak turnuvada, efsane tenisçiler Pete Sampras ve Boris Becker'in adlarının verildiği tek erkekler kategorisinde gruplar belirlendi.
"Pete Sampras" grubunda, dünya 1 numarası İspanyol Nadal'ın yanı sıra Avusturyalı Dominic Thiem, Bulgar Grigor Dimitrov ve Belçikalı David Goffin yer aldı.
"Boris Becker" grubunda ise dünya 2 numarası İsviçreli Federer'in rakipleri, Alman Alexander Zverev, Hırvat Marin Cilic ve ABD'li Jack Sock oldu. Gruplarında ilk 2'ye kalan tenisçiler, yarı finalde birbiriyle çapraz eşleşecek.
POPÜLER ETİKETLER
TÜM KATEGORİLER<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>در برخی از موارد ساده است؛ لذا
🔅1ـ هر روز: نصف لیوان دوغ شیرین کم چرب با نصف لیوان آب تُرُب سفید مخلوط کرده و میل کنید،
🔅 2ـ خارخسک (جوشانده یا دمکردۀ برگ و میوۀ آن و یا عرق طبیعی آن) میل کنید،
🔅3ـ انگور بخورید.
🔰 امّا در برخی از موارد پیچیده است؛ زیرا از چند عامل مختلف پدید آمده (مانند: سنگ و شِنِ کلیه، تودههای کلیه، کیست داخلی کلیه و...) لذا بایستی عاملها را شناسائی و درمان کنید و آب سیب رسیدۀ شیرین تازه بعد از هر غذا میل کنید.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Strength of Structures
ECTS credits: 4
Gaining fundamental knowledge of the strength of structures and dimensioning of simple structural elements in the exploitation of motor vehicles and aircraft.
Introduction to the strength of structures. Definitions and basic terms. Load classification. Models of structural elements. Stresses, internal forces and moments. Basic hypotheses, problems and tasks of the strength of structures. Normal stress, rod deformation, Hooke’s law. Statically indefinite cases of rod load, initial and thermal stresses. Stresses in a circular ring. Energy of elastic rod deformation. Shear, deformations and stresses, problem-solving. Multiaxial stress, Mohr's circle. Beam strength, internal forces and bending moment. Drawing of N, Q and M diagrams. Stresses in a beam transverse section. Axial moments of surface. Deflection of a bending beam. Statically indefinite beams. Beams of variable transverse section. Biaxial bending of beams. Beam dimensioning. Shaft strength, deformations and stresses. Torsion of rods of various transverse sections. Polar moments of surface. Torsion and bending. Problem-solving of shaft strength. Rod buckling, joint-supported rod, rods with various supports. Criteria of dimensioning structural elements. Fundamental theories of strength. Coefficients of safety and allowable stress. Stress concentration. Resonance. Analysis of various dimensioning criteria.
Individual solving of technical problems relevant to the strength of structural elements.
Having passed the exam, the student will be able to: 1. Define the mechanical and mathematical models of a real problem while dimensioning structural elements. 2. Dimension statically determinate beams with respect to the allowable stress and deflection. 3. Calculate the minimum diameter of the shaft with respect to the allowable stress and the angle of twist. 4. Dimension a pressure loaded rod without losing stability. 5. Calculate maximum stresses in simple cases of stress concentration. These learning outcomes contribute to the following outcomes of the study programme of aircraft maintenance: • 3-Classify the levels of maintenance according to the impact on safety and costs of ordinary and extraordinary maintenance. • 5-Distinguish aircraft maintenance according to MSG-2 and MSG-3 concepts. • 6-Distinguish single parts of an aircraft in relation to the physical laws of flying and functioning of aircraft systems. • 10-Solve problems in the field of mechanics, thermodynamics, electrical engineering, aerodynamics and fluid mechanics, relating to aircraft operations. These learning outcomes contribute to the following outcomes of the professional study programme of Motor Vehicle Maintenance: - Explain the physical parameters of motor vehicle construction. - Analyse the properties and performance of motor vehicles. - Analyse the causes and effects of vehicle malfunctions.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>The Ohio Improvement Process (OIP) is a systems framework of collaborative team protocols to analyze data, research aligned improvement strategies, implement and monitor strategies, provide feedback to teams and determine effectiveness based on performance and implementation data.
The OIP includes, but goes well beyond, the traditional plan-do-study-act (PDSA) cycle. When viewed as an organizational strategy, rather than an exercise in compliance, the OIP gives districts a template through which focused and intentional action can take place. It brings educators together through collaborative team structures to learn from each other, and it facilitates communication and decision-making between and across levels of the system (district, central office, school, grade levels, content areas, classrooms). The team structures at the core of the OIP form peer-to-peer networks, giving more people a voice and allowing for the inclusion of multiple perspectives in guiding each district’s journey toward organizational learning and continuous improvement.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Eskatoloji ve Şimdiki Zaman:
Eskatoloji yalnızca gelecekle ya da son günlerle değil, şimdiki zamanla da ilgilidir. İşte bu yüzden Tanrı’nın tarih içerisinde yapmış olduğu bu eskatolojik olay, bizlerin tarafında değiştirici bir tepki gerektirir. İsa bizlere, Tanrı’nın Egemenliğinin geldiğini gösterir, söyler ve daha sonra da bizleri tövbe etmeye çağırır. Yani tarih içerisinde gerçekleşen Tanrı Egemenliğinin varlığı, bizlerin varlığını yeniden şekillendirir, başka bir amaç verir. Böylece Tanrı halkı, O’nun Egemenliğinin bir ilk meyvesi ve ilk doğanı, işareti olurlar. Eskatoloji, yalnızca gelecekle değil, şimdiki zamanla da ilgilidir. Yeni Ahit’te bunun karşımıza nasıl çıktığına bakalım:
I.Korintliler 11:23-24 Size ilettiğimi ben Rab'den öğrendim. Ele verildiği gece Rab İsa eline ekmek aldı, şükredip ekmeği böldü ve şöyle dedi: «Bu sizin uğrunuza feda edilen benim bedenimdir. Beni anmak için böyle yapın.»
25 Aynı şekilde yemekten sonra kâseyi alıp şöyle dedi: «Bu
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da Goebbels'in yaşamı, son derece ilginç bir figür olarak bugün bile üzerinde konuluşmaya devam ediyor. Kendisini bir davaya adayan ve o uğurda çocuklarının canını bile almaktan çekinmeyen, eski dostlarının işkence altında ölmesinden dahi zevk alabilen bu kadın, faşizmin karanlık yüzünün en açık örneklerinden biri.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Con un biglietto per il Centro Nobel per la Pace, puoi conoscere le idee e il lavoro dei vincitori del Premio per la Pace e andartene ispirato a creare un mondo più pacifico.
Esplora le mostre interattive del museo su Alfred Nobel, i vincitori del premio e la storia dell'organizzazione. Il Centro Nobel per la Pace è stato anche riconosciuto per il suo impegno nella fotografia documentaria e si è sviluppato in un'importante arena per il dibattito pubblico e le conversazioni sulla pace, i diritti umani e la risoluzione dei conflitti.
Il Centro Nobel per la Pace ha diverse mostre permanenti, il Giardino Nobel, i vincitori del Premio Nobel per la Pace e la Camera Nobel.
Il Giardino del Nobel presenta tutti i vincitori del premio per la pace sui loro schermi, circondati da mille piccole candele. All'interno della Camera del Nobel, avrai la possibilità di vedere un Nobel per la Pace con i tuoi occhi.
Nell'installazione dei vincitori del premio per la pace troverai foto, testi e video clip sulla vita e il lavoro di tutti i vincitori del premio per la pace. Ci sono più di 2.800 articoli e oltre 1.500 immagini, video e animazioni su un secolo di vincitori, da Martin Luther King al Dalai Lama.
Il tuo biglietto per il Nobel Peace Center include anche l'ingresso a tutte le mostre, inclusa una mostra focalizzata sul vincitore attuale del Premio Nobel per la Pace, così come il Nobel Mystery - un'attività per i bambini che partecipano a una divertente caccia agli indizi.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Mia figlia, mentre mangiava una squisita cotoletta di cavallo, mi ha accusato di crudeltà per aver ordinato rane fritte! Veramente eccellenti, come del resto i panzerotti e i tortelli. Dolci molto buoni. Servizio cortese. Carta dei vini con buona scelta vini locali (vi consiglio Vignamorello La Tosa, forse il miglior gutturnio che abbia bevuto).Rapporto qualità prezzo soddisfacente. Ambiente. accogliente. Provatelo!<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Have you ever thought what does the word “freedom” mean? I think it is quite an abstract thing which is different for each individual. For example, for me, freedom means doing something that I want if it doesn’t harm other people. However, it cannot be described in simple words, because the word itself contains numerous deeper meanings. It depends on the individual understanding of freedom, and each of us understands it in different ways.
Someone thinks that the freedom is connected with the right to say anything the person wants without a fear of being punished or restricted of doing so. Others think that freedom is connected in walking anywhere they want. Some people think that freedom is your right to choose the government. But no one can say, what is the freedom itself? And in my essay, I have decided to drive deeply into the issue of freedom definition and share my thoughts what does freedom actually means.
I agree that freedom is the right to speak and do everything you want, but only when it doesn’t limit others rights and freedoms. Numerous countries don’t have freedom for their citizens. People are not allowed to criticize their government and cannot freely express their opinion on public. And when they are trying to say something different from the opinion of their government they are being punished. There, people can be fined or imprisoned because of their will to have freedom.
When I hear the word freedom from others, I am thinking about the freedom of choice. This meaning of freedom is easy to understand. People usually connect it with the elections. When there are several politic parties to choose from the person experiences freedom when choosing the one he or she believes in most. Of course, there are countries where politics is connected with the criminal world, and their people don’t have freedom of choice because of corruption, and their choice was paid for by someone else. But there are people who in these countries fight for liberty and sometimes they are changing everything. Like it was in Georgia and then in Ukraine, because their people understood what freedom is and that the choices they made before were not right.
Freedom can also be connected with the right of opening your own business and gain the financial independence. You can produce goods and services and work on your own. But in corrupted countries, I think it is impossible to open your own business without criminal support. That is because the economy of such countries is not healthy and competition is not connected with marketing and advertising activities, but in real money, which you are ready to pay corrupted law enforcement officers and criminals to start your business and then maintain it. And countries, where freedom is respected, provide equal opportunities for all. In this particular case, freedom is joined with financial wellness.
There are also cases when freedom means the right to say “no”. If you don’t agree with the government decision, community decision or another person decision you can say “no”. You don’t need to follow these decisions and you will never be punished for that. But this works only in cases when your ideas and actions do not violate the law and won’t cause harm to the people around you.
So what does freedom mean to me? At my opinion freedom can be connected with not following standard our society has. Freedom is something beyond stereotypes and templates and real personal freedom is a strong opportunity to express yourself in any possible way. Tattoos, piercing, hair style or clothes, we are free to wear or do anything with our body, and this is our freedom of expression. People why are thinking beyond stereotypes understand and respect that freedom.
Freedom is a way of thinking and understanding world around us, and each person understands it in his or her own way, and of course all of us has an own understanding of it. And each of us in some cases needs to fight for this freedom.
I am also thinking that freedom is actions of individuals who don’t need to ask themselves “why?” and just do things they love to do. Freedom is the absence of borders; you can feel freedom in your mind and freedom around you. Imagine that you are at the mountain peak and the world is a small point at the bottom. Do you feel freedom surrounding you? I can bear that you are! That is the real freedom which has a smell of wind and mountains, the skies in front of you. Birds are free to fly anywhere, and I can say for sure that you can also choose your own route.
So freedom can be connected with anything, either actions or thoughts and each person free to express his or her freedom if it doesn’t limit or violates the rights of others. Freedom is around us, and our understanding of this word is different but always closely connected with people around us. Freedom to choose, freedom to do, understand, think, get or any other verb we can insert after the word freedom. It is great to have freedom and a lot of people are still fighting for their freedom. And I hope they will soon get it in one or another way. The world without freedom is too cruel to live in, and if I had no freedom, I would probably be depressed with its absence.
In American society, freedom is the basic notion which each person must understand. Freedom is our American Dream and it was never connected with material things. It is our freedom and freedom of our nation and we should never forget it.
“Without freedom of thought, there can be no such thing as wisdom – and no such thing as public liberty without freedom of speech.” Benjamin Franklin
Mises Institute. (n.d.). Ben Franklin on Liberty. [online] Available at: https://mises.org/library/ben-franklin-liberty [Accessed 19 Dec. 2016].<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>پس از اینکه اولین بار در سال 2008 اتهاماتی علیه لیفر مطرح شد، او به اسرائیل گریخت. هنگامی که او در سال 2014 متهم شد، یک کشمکش سالها بر سر اینکه آیا او مسترد خواهد شد یا نه، به راه افتاد. او در سال 2021 پس از یک روند طولانی استرداد به استرالیا بازگردانده شد.
خواهران طی دو هفته پشت درهای بسته مدارک ارائه کردند و طبق قوانین حاکم بر محاکمههای تجاوز جنسی در ویکتوریا، عموم و رسانهها مستثنی شدند.
وکیل مدافع، ایان هیل، استدلال کرد که تاخیر طولانی بین جرایم ادعا شده و محاکمه، که در فوریه آغاز شد، ضرری برای دفاع و هیئت منصفه بود. او به اعتبار خواهران حمله کرد، از جمله متهم کردن یکی از آنها به گفتن “دروغ های آشکار” در مدارک او.
او از کوچکترین خواهر به دلیل تغییر مکان حوادث ادعایی از زادگاه دختران ملبورن به اسرائیل انتقاد کرد.
هیل گفت: “حقیقت و قابلیت اطمینان در گزارش های نادرست از بین رفت.” “شاید حتی گاهی اوقات به تخیلات نادرست و خاطرات دروغین واقعیت های دروغین تبدیل شود.”
به گفته دادگاه، خواهران در جامعه یهودی اولترا ارتدوکس تربیت شدند و هیچ گونه آموزش جنسی دریافت نکردند. آنها حدود 12، 14 و 16 ساله بودند که لیفر در سال 2001 از اسرائیل به مدرسه آمد.
لوئیس گفت که خواهران شواهد صریح ارائه کرده اند مبنی بر اینکه آنها ماهیت جنسی کاری را که لیفر با آنها انجام داده است را درک نکرده اند.
خواهر وسطی به هیئت منصفه گفت که سعی کرده با معلم دیگری رابطه برقرار کند تا در مورد آنچه لیفر انجام می دهد بپرسد، اما لیفر او را دلسرد کرد. خواهر میانی شهادت داد، لیفر به من گفت که برای من سالم نیست که با معلم دیگری ارتباط داشته باشم، بیش از یک مربی داشته باشم.
ملکا لیفر، 56 ساله، مادر هشت فرزند متولد تل آویو، در 18 مورد مجرم شناخته شد و از 9 اتهام دیگر، از جمله پنج مورد مربوط به دانش آموز سوم، تبرئه شد. سه دانشجوی سابق همگی خواهر هستند.
روانشناس ویکی گوردون شهادت داد که او شنیده است که کوچکترین خواهر ادعای آزار لیفر را دارد. گوردون به دادگاه گفت که خواهر مدعی است که لیفر توضیح داده است که این آزار تلاشی برای غلبه بر کمبود گرما و محبت در زندگی خانوادگی دختران بوده است.
لیفر در حالی که سرش را کج کرده بود نشسته بود و هیئت منصفه را تماشا می کرد و در حین خواندن احکام واکنشی نشان نداد. دو دانشجوی سابق که او به اتهام آزار و اذیت محکوم شده بود برای احکام در دادگاه بودند. لیفر پیش از این در تمامی 27 فقره اتهام بیگناه اعتراف کرده بود.
هیل گفت: “این خاطره اشتباه همراه با جزئیات است که به شما نشان می دهد که برخی از شاهدان هنگام بازگویی یک روایت برای شما چقدر می توانند خطرناک باشند.”<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>前《巫师 3》开发者将推出一款古代日本背景的在线动作游戏
IT之家 7 月 31 日消息，一群前 CD Projekt Red 开发者正在制作一项新的在线动作游戏，背景为古代日本。
本周，《巫师 3》美术团队成员 Jakub Ben 和 Marcin Michalski 宣布成立了他们的新工作室 Dark Passenger，并宣布了旗下第一个项目，一款支持 PvP 和合作 PvE 的第一人称视角在线多人游戏，采用虚幻引擎 5 打造，以古代日本为背景。
“我们的运动系统将允许玩家做出炫酷的动作，例如在其他玩家发射的箭头上奔跑，使用爪子工具在垂直表面上快速攀爬，或者使用长矛跳过障碍物。”
Dark Passenger 团队没有透露关于新游戏的名称或更多细节，只是放出了几张设定图。IT之家了解到，官方承诺将为角色和装备提供广泛的自定义选项，以及用户自行设计的战场，而且该游戏不会是 MMO，而是一款“基于比赛”的游戏。<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>24 Ottobre 1917, Prima guerra mondiale: la disfatta di Caporetto.
Quella subita a Caporetto fu per l’Italia la sconfitta più bruciante subita durante la Grande Guerra. L’evento si consumò nella notte a cavallo tra il 23 e il 24 ottobre del 1917, e portò intere colonne di soldati a ripiegare disordinatamente verso il Piave, lasciando inevitabilmente al nemico la possibilità di impossessarsi di tonnellate di munizioni, migliaia di cannoni e un importante numero di vettovaglie.
Protagonista della vicenda fu il generale tedesco Otto von Below, comandante in capo delle truppe tedesche e austro-ungariche. Questi lanciò un attacco dalle enormi dimensioni sul fronte dell’Isonzo fra Plezzo e Tolmino, presso Caporetto (oggi Kobarid, in Slovenia).
L’azione bellica cominciò verso le 2 di notte, con un fitto e pesantissimo bombardamento. Le trincee, le caverne e i ricoveri furono investiti dal fuoco di oltre 2000 tra cannoni e obici, accompagnato dal gas, contro il quale le maschere italiane non poterono fare pressoché nulla. Seguì l’attacco operato dai reparti di fanteria: 15 divisioni (per un totale di oltre 350mila soldati), non particolarmente prostrate dalla fatica, vennero scagliate contro la già esausta II Armata del generale Luigi Capello, schierata in quel settore.
Il 25 ottobre 1917 l’esercito italiano, decimato e privo di direttive certe da seguire, entrò in rotta riversandosi sulle strade in maniera piuttosto caotica, seguito da migliaia di profughi civili. Le diserzioni furono numerose, molti soldati in fuga preferirono darsi al nemico, alcuni addirittura si suicidarono con un colpo di pistola alla tempia (come il generale Giovanni Villani).
L’arretramento del fronte continuò fino al 9 novembre, quando si attestò sulla linea Fiume Piave-Monte Grappa-Monte Pasubio. Il bilancio fu terribile: 11000 soldati italiani morti, all’incirca 29000 i feriti, 300000 i prigionieri, altrettanti sbandati, 20000 chilometri quadrati di territorio nazionale invase dal nemico, con le intere province di Udine e Belluno e gran parte di quelle di Venezia, Treviso e Vicenza sotto dominio straniero.
Il generale Luigi Cadorna, così come tutto il Comando Supremo, nonostante l’evidenza dell’imminente attacco nemico, fu colpevolmente colto di sorpresa e diramò le direttive tra le 18 e le 23, quando ormai era troppo tardi e l’inevitabile non poteva più esser scongiurato. Addossò le colpe di quanto accaduto ai fanti della II Armata, accusandoli di viltà.
Il re Vittorio Emanuele III, avendo colto il montante malumore delle truppe e non potendo non ascoltare le furiose polemiche inscenate dalla stampa rispetto a quanto accaduto, sostituì Cadorna con Armando Diaz. Poco più di un anno dopo, esattamente il 4 novembre 1918, l’Italia sarebbe uscita vincitrice dalla Grande Guerra.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>میزان/ حفاری تمام مقطع تونل در خط 6 مترو تهران، از مرز 700 متر در طول یک هفته گذشت.
پیش از این شرکت مترو تهران در توسعه خطوط دیگر با 500 متر حفاری تمام مقطع تونل در طول یک هفته، رکورددار عملیات مهندسی ساخت تونل در کشور بود.
سیدمهدی پورهاشمی معاون عمرانی شرکت مترو تهران و حومه در خصوص این دستاورددر خط 6 مترو تهران، اظهار داشت: با تلاش همه دست اندرکاران ساخت این خط، حفاری تمام مقطع تونل در هفته دوم فروردین ماه و با وجود تقارن با ایام تعطیلات نوروزی، هفتگی به 550 متر رسید و این میزان حفاری در هفته سوم ماه جاری و به دو روش حفاری از مرز 700 متر هم عبور کرد که مطابق بررسی های دقیق کارشناسان، این رکورد نه تنها در ایران بلکه در سایر نقاط دنیا هم کم سابقه است.
وی با اشاره به 68 کارگاه و جبهه کاری فعال در خط شش مترو تهران، بیان کرد: هم اکنون حدود 6 هزار و 289 نفر مشغول ساخت این خط هستند.
پورهاشمی تصریح کرد: پروژه خط شش جز از مسیر مدیریت جهادی و ثبت رکوردهای جدید و به منظور تحقق برنامه زمانبندی از پیش تعیین شده به نتیجه نخواهد رسید و مصمم هستیم روند کنونی را هر چه بیشتر تقویت کنیم.
برای نمایش تمام اخبار مرتبط با عنوان «رکورد جدید حفاری تونل در خط 6 مترو تهران ثبت شد» اینجا کلیک کنید. شفاف سازی:
خبر فوق در سایت ماچو منتشر شده و صرفا در این سایت بازنشر شده است. چنانچه به خبر فوق اعتراض دارید برای حذف آن روی این قسمت کلیک کنید.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>محمود بهمنی در گفتوگو با خبرنگار اقتصادی باشگاه خبری فارس "توانا"گفت: بانک مرکزی از مدت ها قبل به دنبال ساماندهی بازار
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experiences. "Address the situation, talk it over, read about it, play out the problem with dolls or puppets, even draw pictures of it," suggests Saunders. "Gradually, your child should begin to feel that she has some control over the situation — instead of feeling that the problem is controlling her."
In extremely rare cases, a child's reluctance to stray from his parent's side may be a sign of a more serious psychological problem, such as a phobia. If a youngster refuses to go to school or leave the house, or if he experiences full-blown panic attacks, mothers and fathers should consult a psychiatrist or psychologist to sort out what is at the root of his fears. But remember that for the vast majority of kids, clinginess is perfectly normal and temporary — so don't rush to a therapist just because a 3-year-old fusses about being left with a babysitter. Chances are, with a little effort, parent and child will be able to resolve the problem.
A case in point: When Robin Rierdan realized that her clingy baby, Philip, was developing into a clutchy toddler, she decided to take measures to help him overcome his fearfulness. At first, she sat outside on the front steps each day as Philip played near — but not with — the other neighborhood kids. Then, as he became more familiar with the children, his mom suggested that he spend some time at a new playmate's house. "If he wanted to come home, that was OK," she says. "We'd just try the experiment again the next day." After a few months, the youngster began to venture out on his own — hesitantly at first, and then with visible enthusiasm.
Now, four and a half years later, Philip is still on the shy side, but his self-confidence has grown steadily, and his social skills are perfectly normal for a child his age. "He's come a very long way," says Rierdan. Of course, many moms and dads enjoy being needed by their kids. But as Rierdan and countless other parents have discovered, it's cause for a deep sigh of relief — and plenty of parental pride — when a clinger finally cuts loose.
Certain scenarios seem to bring out a clingy child's worst fears — and send him scurrying for the security of a parent's pant leg. With a few time-tested strategies, however, parents can help a timid youngster get control over these situations and loosen his grip.
You're visiting a friend who has an infant close in age to your 10-month-old son. Her baby is playing quietly with her toys on a blanket on the floor, but every time you try to put your child down next to her, he cries loudly and wants to be picked up. It seems as if he won't spend a minute with anyone but you. It's not unusual for a child this age to demonstrate such clingy behavior. Sit down on the blanket with him on your lap, and begin to play with the toys and the other baby. As your child begins to feel more secure, remove him from your lap and gradually withdraw to a chair where he can see you. If the visit works out, repeat it soon, to reinforce your baby's behavior. Eventually, you may be able to leave the room for short periods, so long as another adult is present.
Although her new teacher seems friendly and sympathetic, your 4-year-old is terrified of starting preschool. This morning, she threw a temper tantrum in the parking lot and you had to carry her into the building. Talk to your child about what to expect from the daily classroom routine, and reassure her that you'll return to pick her up in a few hours. If your schedule — and the teacher — permits, stay with her for the first few days as she adjusts to her new surroundings and classmates; then, over the course of the week, spend less and less time in the classroom until she's been weaned from your presence. It may also help to have the teacher match her with a friendly buddy who can show her around and play with her. This new playmate will invariably introduce her to other kids, and in time your child will feel less overwhelmed.
Recently, your 7-year-old has strongly resisted going to bed at night. Every evening, he requests a drink of water, a lullaby, an extra blanket, a story — and when you try to leave the room, he bursts into tears. Begin by attempting to find out what's bothering your child. Try telling a story together, setting up a situation similar to your child's and asking him to help you develop a plot. His responses may provide a clue to his anxieties. Another solution: Several hours before bedtime, have a discussion about the nighttime rules: Once a story is read and the lights are out, you'll sit in his room for a while until he feels safe, but he must rest quietly in bed. If he breaks the rules, leave the room for 20 seconds or so. When you reenter, explain again that you'll remain in the room only if he tries to fall asleep. In this way, experts say, you'll be providing support without encouraging the sort of elaborate bedtime rituals that many clingers rely on.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>新潟县立看护大学（にいがたけんりつかんごだいがく），英文名称： Niigata College of Nursing，本部位于新潟县上越市，是日本的公立大学。前身是新潟县立中央病院附属看护专业学校。
-新泻县立看护大学<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>限量六对－Air Jordan 1“Banned”客制版本
2016-08-24 11:26:09来源：HB评论：0 点击： 在鞋迷心中拥有特殊地位的AirJordan1“Banned”配色，即将伴随AirJordan31的发售一同上架，而洛杉矶球鞋客制单位TheShoeSurgeon也以招牌“Python”材质，重新演绎这双经典之中的经典。
保留元年的“Bred”红黑搭配，TheShoeSurgeon将鞋面上的红色部分全部换成蟒蛇纹材质，搭配鞋舌上的金色刺绣和金色鞋带头彰显奢华格调，而后跟位置的“X”Logo则呼应了“Banned”主题。据悉这双鞋仅限量制作了六对，并将于9月1日正式发售。
现代人处于亚健康的原因
八子补肾胶囊的用法
咽喉肿痛扁桃体炎怎么办
急性大面积脑梗死怎么办
更年期心烦吃什么药好<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Akis nedir?
Kelime kökeni: Arapça isimdir.
Işık veya ses dalgalarının yansıtıcı bir yüzeye çarparak geri dönmesi, yansıma, yankı.
Bir cismin parlak bir yüzeyde görünmesi.
Bir şeyin başka bir şey üzerinde yarattığı etki.
Evirtim, Evirme, zıt, ters, muhalif.
Türk basınındaki haftalık haber-siyaset dergilerinin ilki olan ve Metin Toker tarafından yayımlanan dergi.
Yere gömüp köklerini söktükten sonra kestikleri üzüm çubuğu.
Cümle içinde kullanımı:’Her şeye bir akis olup, kendini konuya dahil etmeye çalışıyor.’<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>A. Type of ownership
In the past types of land ownership included private and communal. Private lands are residential and agricultural. Communal would include the forest and pasture lands and owned by a particular community. People had usufruct use to non-private lands and were entitled to the produce. Others could take over the management of the land if the former user decided not to use it.
B. Modes of acquisition
Later, communal pasturelands became privatized when people who had cows laid claim to these. These lands, however, could be used by relatives and bagaen who also accumulated cows and who used some portions for agricultural use. Those who used these lands gave a share of the produce to the landowner.
A person who developed a piece of land for agriculture or residential purposes had ownership right to that land. These landholdings can be transferred to the owner’s heirs.
Land can be acquired through marriage. An example is Mateo Carino who came from Tublay and who married Bayosa who had extensive property in Baguio and the adjoining Chuyo. Being the head of the family, he represented the family in land claims that he later made.
Traditionally, anybody who works the land has prior rights to the fruits of the land and later of ownership through continued use. Some people became big landowners as a result of their use of large tracts of land especially as estancia or pasturelands. In the case of Sioco Carino he persuaded some of his cowherds to settle in Tuba and allowed them use of some of the land until such time that he was able to secure paper documents for these lands. He also brought some of his cowherds to Ansagan. Their descendants are still working on the land Sioco allowed them to use.
The practice of kaising is a way of accumulating property by two families. Here, even relatives are encouraged to marry so that the property remains intact.
Land is also transferred through inheritance. The youngest child gets the biggest share because he/she is expected to stay with the parents for the longer period.
Land can also be acquired by a person when he performs labor for a landowner/ this is called dagbo or compensation for work done. With the introduction of the cash economy, land is transferred through the use of money. The mortgage of land is called salsha. If the mortgagor fails to repay the debt, his land is transferred to the debtor.
Traditionally, land is sold only to people within the community especially relatives. The practice is called daho.
The performance of rituals can also result in the transfer of land from one person to another. When a sick person or his family cannot afford to perform a necessary ritual,
A relative or someone in the community may pay for the animals to be butchered and other expenses. The person’s land can be claimed by the “financier” if he fails to repay what was spent.
The same is true with a dead person. If someone, other than his family spends for the death rituals, the former has the right to claim his land as payment.
C. Land distribution
Land is distributed within the family through inheritance. This is also similar to land transfer. In the past the baknang who claimed large tracts of lands because he had plenty of cows and who had extensive agricultural lands, allowed his pastol and bagaen to use certain portions of his land, usually the peripheries. Some pastol had to go elsewhere when the baknang succeeded in securing paper documents on these lands. Yaris, a pastol of Sioco, moved away from the Tili area when Sioco was able to get documents as proof of ownership of the former pastureland. Other bagaen and pastol were allowed to stay in a baknang’s land without any threat of expulsion.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>办理的大致流程如下： 1、到公证处办理析产公证。但如果在离婚判决或离婚协议(民政局备案)中已经约定了房屋归属的，可以不再办理析产公证； 2、办理抵押权银行规定的事项； 3、到房管局办理免征契税申请(大约10个工作日，各区略有不同)； 4、到房管局办理离婚析产登记手续( 各区时间不同)，并缴交50元登记费； 5、领取新房产证和他项权证。
办理的大致流程如下： 1、到公证处办理析产公证。但如果在离婚判决或离婚协议(民政局备案)中已经约定了房屋归属的，可以不再办理析产公证； 2、办理抵押权银行规定的事项； 3、到房管局办理免征契税申请(大约10个工作日，各区略有不同)； 4、到房管局办理离婚析产登记手续( 各区时间不同)，并缴交50元登记费； 5、领取新房产证和他项权证。收起
具体如下(1) 房屋本身。包括房屋地段、房屋类型、竣工年限和房屋价格。公寓、普通住宅、别墅等不同类型的房产决定的贷款成数会不尽相同。这直接关系到购房人的资金融资情况，关系到买卖合同中的付款时间及金额，甚至严重到会涉及违约及赔偿问题。在竣工年限上，因为目前在我国土地采用的是有偿有限期的使用权使用制度，房屋的竣工年限可以反映出目前此房屋土地的使用年限的长短。竣工年限的长短也可以推算出房屋的新旧，从而可以判断出房屋的价值。.在房屋单价与总价方面，严格控制高价房审批规模。 (2) 借款人情况。比如主借人及房产共有人的自然状况：“你是谁？从哪里来？社会关系如何?”这些均是银行审核的重点。甚至包括主借人的健康状况及文化程度均是银行审核关键要素。职业情况：目前工作是大多数人稳定经济来源的基础，所以银行非常关注单位的性质及工作岗位，这在某种程度上反映出一个人的工作能力及工作年限。家庭情况：现有住房性质及家庭财务支出状况。与银行的关系：他是否有负债会直接决定此笔贷款的可贷成数，同时还有银行的存款状况。资信情况：一个人的信用好坏只要输人身份证号码就可以看得出，有无还贷、电信、水电燃气费等公共事业的欠费或逾期都能一目了然。 (3) 担保机构资质。为了保证银行、上下家的风险，二手房贷款的发放离不开具有担保资质的房屋贷款服务公司的参与。所以房屋贷款服务公司的操作资质、操作规范性、在银行的信用直接影响着贷款的审批及发放。对于第三方保证应视同对借款申请人的要求 进行审查和分析；对于抵质押，重点分析抵质押物的价值、抵质押手续的健全有效、抵质押物的变现能力等。 ⑷保险机构。在我国目前试行的房屋抵押规定明确指出：抵押当事人约定对抵押房地产投保的由抵押人投保，保险费由抵押人负担，并将保险单移送抵押权人保管。在抵押期间，抵押权人为保险赔偿的第一受益人。
如果是新房，通常交房以后，三个月拿到房产证，如果是二手房，那么过户以后，一个月左右拿到房产证。<br/>房产证办理流程：<br/>第一步：签订委托协议<br/>通常《购房合同》中有关于委托开发商代办房产证的条款，这个条款本身就可以看作是一份单独的委托协议。此外，很多开发商还会要求购房人在《购房合同》以外另签一份委托其代办房产证，并同意入住前将契税和公共维修基金交给他们的委托书。<br/>有些时候，开发商会把办理相关手续的事务委托给专门的代理公司或律师办理。<br/>此时，可以选择，开发商或代理公司仅办理相关手续，契税和公共维修基金等税费由您自己来缴纳。<br/>第二步：缴纳房产证代办费、公共维修基金、契税、印花税<br/>办理收房入住手续的时候，开发商往往会要求缴纳这些费用。注意事项：<br/>1.在交钱之前，请您了解一下这些税费的收缴标准，以便核实开发商计算是否正确，可参见本书附录十一。<br/>2.交钱之后，一定保留好收款凭证，并一定要求收款单位盖公章，不要收“白条”。<br/>第三步：按照约定时间领取房产证<br/>开发商或代理公司代交上述税费之后，申请办理房产证，并办理抵押登记后，就可以领取房产证了。<br/>如果贷款银行扣押房产证和《购房合同》，一定要找机会仔细核验房产证上的记载，一旦存在记载错误，应及时要求更改。
对于办理房屋按揭提前还款也是我们常会遇到的问题，因为我们一般在办理房贷的时候办理的时间都比较长，但是后期可能我们会有更多还款的能力，那就需要我们办理房屋按揭提前还款了。那么下面我们来介绍如何办理房屋提前还款？房屋按揭提前还款需要注意什么？<br/><br/>一、如何办理房屋按揭提前还款？<br/>在提前还款办理时，每个银行的业务手续及流程也有不同。有的银行先电话预约后填单，借款人可以先与银行约定一个还款日期，即到了指定时间，再到银行填写《个人房屋按揭提前还款申请表》即可办理，提前还款可以分为几种不同的方式：<br/>1、全部提前还清，将的贷款一次还清，无疑是好的，这样可以少交很多利息，但是对于已交的利息则不退还。<br/>2、部分提前还款，如果剩余的贷款不仅每月还款额减少，而且将还款期限缩短，这种也可以节省很多的利息；另外一种剩余每月还款额减少，但是保持还款期限不变，这样可以减小月供，缓解压力；如果剩余每月还款额保持不变，将还款期限缩短，这样的话可以减少很多的利息。<br/>3、借款的时候签订了贷款合同的，如果提前还款也就相当与违约了，以前有的银行会要求提前还款要支付一笔违约金，现在大多数银行办理提前还贷已经不需要交违约金了
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Maypole Square forms the junction of High Street, Church Way and Chapel Street in the centre of the village.
Archaeology & History
The Alconbury Maypole had passed out of living memory by 1942, but was historically attested by the ‘Maypole Square’ in the centre of the village.
C.F. Tebbutt wrote in 1950:
“At Alconbury, it is remembered that about 1890 an old soldier, who lived in the corner house (east end) of the row of cottages facing Maypole Square, used to dig holes in the road opposite the row and set up May bushes there on May day”.
- C.F.Tebbutt, “Huntingdonshire Folk and their Folklore”, in Transactions of the Cambridgeshire and Huntingdonshire Archaeological Society, Volume VI, part V, 1942.
- C.F.Tebbutt, “Huntingdonshire Folk and their Folklore II”, in Transactions of the Cambridgeshire and Huntingdonshire Archaeological Society, Volume VII, part III, 1950.
© Paul T. Hornby 2016 The Northern Antiquarian<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Seçimlerden sonra, dikkatler hemen AKP’nin oyları üzerine yoğunlaştı, AKP’ye oy verenlerin gerekçeleri tartışıldı. Bu önemli bir tartışmadır ama, yapının ceteris paribus varsayımının geçerli olduğu “durumu”ndan çıkmak için yapılması gerekenlere ilişkin ipuçları vermez. En fazla, “yapının tanımlayıcı özelliklerini değiştirmeyen bazı önemli değişiklikler yapılabilir” varsayımının geçerli olacağı bir “durum”a açılır.
Yeni bir “durum”a geçmek isteyenler için öncelikle bakılması gereken yerin “sol”un kendisi ve AKP’ye oy vermemiş olan kesimler olduğunu düşünüyorum. Bence , “sol”da ve bu kesimler içinde yaratılacak, momentum kazanacak bir hareket, yapının bugünkü “durum”unu değiştirmeye başlayabilir.
Bu saptamalar “kim bakacak” sorusu üzerinde düşünmeyi gerektiriyor. “Kim bakacak?” sorusunun cevabını ararken bence, “sol” hareketten başlamak gerekiyor.
Sol hareket, cumhuriyetçi popülistlerden Kürt hareketine, sosyal demokratlara; çevrecilerden LGBT’ye, anarşistlerden komünistlere kadar geniş bir “siyasi” etkinlikler alanını kapsıyor. Dikkatle bakınca, “sol”un, tamamının çalışanların yaşam koşullarını iyileştirmeyi, belli alanlarda bireylerin özgürlük alanlarını genişletmeyi amaçlamakla birlikte, aslında iki akıma ayrıldığı kolaylıkla görülebilir.
Birinci akım bu iyileştirme, genişletme etkinliğini kapitalizmi hedef almadan, ya da düşünmeden, kimi zaman düşünemeden sürdürmeye; “siyaseti” devlet iktidarı değil parlamento, seçimler ve demokrasi bağlamında düşünmeye öncelik veriyor, ya da bununla sınırlayarak hayata geçirmeye çalışıyor. Bu akım kapitalizmi bir yapı olarak düşünmüyor, dolayısıyla “yapısal belirleyiciliğin” etkisi içinde hareket ediyor. Bu hareket belki yapının “ceteris paribus” varsayımının geçerli olduğu “durum”undan çıkabilir ama yapının, “önemli değişikliklere karşın/ya da sayesinde tanımlayıcı özelliklerini korumaya devam etme” varsayımının geçerli olduğu “durum”un içinde kalır.
İkinci akım, kapitalizmi bir yapı olarak düşünür, hedefi bu yapının dışına çıkmak, bu yapıyı aşmaktır. Bu akım “siyasi” etkinliğinin hedefini seçimler ve hükümet olarak değil, devlet iktidarı olarak düşünür. Demokrasinin aynı zamanda bir diktatörlük olduğunu da unutmaz. Bu nedenlerle de bu akım, çalışanların yaşam koşullarını iyileştirmeye, bireylerin özgürlüklerini genişletmeye ilişkin taleplerini, yapının istikrarını bozacak, belirleyicilik gücünü kıracak, yapının dışına uzanan olasılıkların gündeme gelmesine yol açabilecek biçimde saptamaya çalışır.
Birinci akım esas olarak “kapitalist gerçekçi” bir solu, ikinci akım komünist hareketi (komünistler, anarşistler) tanımlar. Benim düşündüğüm “üç taktik” tartışması da öncelikle bu ikinci akıma ait bir tartışmadır.
Bu bağlamda ilk “taktiğin”, ikinci akımın bir bütünsellik kazanması, “ilkelliği” aşmasıyla ilgili olabileceği söylenebilir. Burada acilen gerekli olan tek bir siyasi partide, örgütte birleşmek değil, parçalar arasındaki bağlar yoluyla birlikte davranmanın kalıcı biçimlerini inşa etmektir. Bu bağları kurmak ve kalıcılaştırmak için siyasi mücadele (devlet iktidarını arzulayan bir haklar ve özgürlükler mücadelesi) alanı içinde sürdürülebilir bir ortak dil ve hafıza inşa etmek gerekecektir. Bu öncelikle, parçalar arasındaki tüm iletişim kanallarını, tüm tartışma alanlarını açık tutarak, gittikçe artan oranda yenilerini kurarak gerçekleştirilebilir. Bu sırada, birinci akımdan ikinciye sızmaları, gelecek olası dayatmaları, siyasi şantajları, bu iki akımın birbirine karışmasını, önlemeye, demokratizm ile komünizm arasındaki çizgiyi korumaya çalışmak da gerekecektir.
İkinci taktik, komünist hareketin birinci akımla kuracağı ilişkilerin mantığının, ilkelerinin, pratiklerinin oluşmasına ilişkindir. Bugün ve daha uzun bir süre (yapının sınırlarına yakınlaştıkça değişmek üzere) birinci akım, tüm “kapitalist gerçekçi” özelliklerine karşın ikinci akımın düşmanı değil, birlikte davranması gereken bir müttefiki olarak kalmaya devam edecektir. Birinci akımla kurulacak ilişkilerin söylemi, dili ve pratik etkinlikleri bu varsayımla inşa edilmelidir.
Üçüncü taktik, konjonktürlere (seçim, grev, ekonomik kriz, siyasi skandal gibi), sarsıcı toplumsal patlamalara, hatta ender “Olay”lara (Gezi isyanı gibi) bağlı olarak, “sol”un bir bütün olarak, AKP’ye oy vermeyen kesim içinde momentumu sürdürülebilecek bir hareket oluşturmaya yönelik, somut olaylardan, günlük sorunlardan hareketle “kampanya” faaliyeti yürütme çabalarına ilişkindir.
Bu “kampanya” faaliyeti, açısından seçimler, somut günlük olaylardan biridir. Solun (genel olarak) birlikte mi tavır alacağı, yoksa ikinci akımın birliği bozarak ayrıca ilerlemeye mi çalışacağına ilişkin karar, bir somut olayın, yapının içindeki konumunun, olası etkilerinin analizinden, yapının ufkuna ne kadar yakın veya uzak olunduğuna ilişkin bir çözümlemeden geçecektir.
Geride bıraktığımız seçimlerde, bu üç taktik etkin biçimde kullanılamamış. Sol, tanımlanabilir bir küme olarak kendini kuramamış. Bu yüzden parçalarının matematik toplamından (bu büyüklüğü düşünebilmek için serbestçe yapılan son 1 Mayıs’ın kitlesine, “Gezi” olayı sırasında hareketlenen çokluğa bakabiliriz) daha büyük bir etki yapmak bir yana, etkisi parçalarının matematik toplamına bile erişememiştir.
AKP dönemi boyunca yaşananlardan, hep AKP’yi sorumlu tuttuk; ona yalakalık eden entelijensiyayı, umut bağlayanları suçladık; hep AKP’yi analiz ettik. Bunları yapmaya da devam edeceğiz, ancak, “kendimize” giderek daha fazla bakmamız gerekiyor.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Sospese due maestre ad Alessandria per maltrattamenti ai loro piccoli alunni.
Lo riferisce Il Fatto Quotidiano, che riporta anche il video che immortala le insegnanti coinvolte.
La indagini sono iniziate dopo la denuncia della mamma di uno dei piccoli alunni, tra i 3 e i 5 anni. Al momento, scrive Il Fatto, sono stati accertati abusi su almeno 8 bimbi, tra i 3 e i 5 anni. In alcuni casi gli episodi sfociavano in percosse e violenti strattoni.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Let’s say you’re an AT&T customer, circa 2012. You’re trying to use FaceTime on your Apple device and it just isn’t working. It is, however, working great for customers on AT&T’s new (and more expensive) shared data plan.
If that seems unfair you’ll likely be a fan of net neutrality, which is defined as the belief that all data on the internet should be treated equally.
That definition hardly scrapes the surface of the ramifications, regulations, and opinions surrounding net neutrality, though, which is precisely what we’re going to cover here.
Update on Dec. 14, 2017: Trump’s FCC kills net neutrality, opening internet ‘fast lanes’ to ISPs. Watch TechRepublic for more coverage about the FCC’s net neutrality vote.
Update on May 17, 2018: The US Senate voted to overturn the FCC’s net neutrality repeal and preserve the current laws. The House of Representatives will now have to vote on the same reversal. This article will be updated once more information is known.
Update on June 11, 2018: With the House not having taken action, the FCC’s December repeal has gone into effect as of today. Congress could still pass the Congressional Review Act (CRA) and reinstate the law, but Republican control of the House and presidency makes it unlikely that it will pass. Read FCC chairman Ajit Pai’s statement on the repeal.
SEE: Net neutrality: All the details you need to know (free PDF) (TechRepublic)
- What is net neutrality? Net neutrality is the concept that all traffic on the internet should be treated equally, and that internet service providers (ISPs) should be prevented from taking any action to the contrary. Legal justification for net neutrality has been grounded in Title II of the Communications Act of 1934, which designates common carriers.
- Why does net neutrality matter? Net neutrality matters because it has the potential to shape the future of the internet, and with it our access to knowledge. Without net neutrality regulations the internet could become a throttled, restricted, and tightly controlled landscape where both consumers and content providers exist to enrich ISPs.
- Who does net neutrality affect? Net neutrality affects internet users, content providers, and internet service providers, and it does so in very different ways.
- When is net neutrality happening? Net neutrality has been an issue since the earliest days of the internet. The FCC Open Internet Order of 2010 has been the major sticking point in the past several years, as has the FCC’s passing of Title II Net Neutrality Rules in 2015. The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) passed an FCC repeal in December 2017, which took effect on June 11, 2018.
- How can I get involved in the net neutrality discussion? With net neutrality regulations officially repealed, the only remaining option is for Congress to pass the CRA. Contact your representative to ask them to vote yea or nay to the bill.
What is net neutrality?
To put it plainly, net neutrality is the ideal that all traffic on the internet–no matter what it is–deserves the same level of priority. Nothing can be throttled, given priority, blocked, or otherwise interfered with, which means it’s on internet service providers to treat traffic fairly. In order to ensure that they do, proponents say, the government needs to regulate the internet.
Without net neutrality regulations, proponents argue, there will be nothing to stop ISPs and cellular providers from limiting traffic from competitors, imposing a la carte pricing for access to fast lanes, or forcing companies (like Netflix) to pay more for more bandwidth.
The basis of legal justification for enforcing net neutrality has been the Communications Act of 1934, specifically Title II of that act, which defines the concept of “common carriers.”
According to the act, a common carrier is “any person engaged as a common carrier for hire, in interstate or foreign communication by wire or radio or in interstate or foreign radio transmission of energy…”. Essentially, Title II classification would mean that ISPs aren’t transmitting a proprietary product–internet traffic is a common, public service that companies deliver. UPS delivers packages that don’t belong to them in the same way that internet packets don’t belong to ISPs–they’re a product they deliver.
If Title II is enough justification to regulate ISPs then section 202 is what stops them from being able to throttle or prioritize traffic:
“It shall be unlawful for any common carrier to make any unjust or unreasonable discrimination in charges, practices, classifications, regulations, facilities, or services for or in connection with like communication service, directly or indirectly, by any means or device, or to make or give any undue or unreasonable preference or advantage to any particular person, class of persons, or locality, or to subject any particular person, class of persons, or locality to any undue or unreasonable prejudice or disadvantage.”
The other commonly argued basis for net neutrality comes from the Telecommunications Act of 1996, of which section 706 states:
“[Federal and state commissions] shall encourage the deployment on a reasonable and timely basis of advanced telecommunications capability to all Americans… by utilizing, in a manner consistent with the public interest, convenience, and necessity, price cap regulation, regulatory forbearance, measures that promote competition in the local telecommunications market, or other regulating methods that remove barriers to infrastructure investment.”
Section 706 makes a much softer argument for net neutrality that leaves a lot open to interpretation, however. That has made it more popular with ISPs and telecommunications companies, which generally oppose Title II classification.
- FCC’s Open Internet rules won’t end the net neutrality debate in the US (TechRepublic)
- Trump appoints Pai to head FCC and beat-down net neutrality (ZDNet)
- Meet the man John Oliver just called ‘doofy’ (CNET)
- European carriers threaten net neutrality with ad blocking (TechRepublic)
- Canada nixes unlimited music plan, in stand for net neutrality (CNET)
- Court upholds net neutrality rules on equal internet access (CBS News)
Why does net neutrality matter?
Further arguments against net neutrality have stated that a lack of regulation has worked fine, but that ignores several incidents of abuse where companies blocked traffic, throttled speeds, and made life difficult for consumers because the companies had invested in competitive tech.
That’s not the only example of companies granting preferential treatment–it continues to this day in the form of zero-rating, a practice in which ISPs refrain from charging customers for data use coming from certain sponsored applications. AT&T’s Sponsored Data is the perfect example of zero-rating, and it gives sponsored products a huge leg up over competitors. Why pay for data when this app won’t charge you?
Companies have a stake in protecting their investments, IP, and bottom line. If blocking a competitor or charging extra for a service can increase profits, companies are going to do so. It’s already happened and there’s no reason to assume it won’t continue.
- US Congress votes on FCC rules: Why your web history could be at risk (TechRepublic)
- Will Net Neutrality be undone? (The 3:59, Ep. 223) (CNET)
- Goodbye net neutrality… Now what? (TechRepublic)
- FCC chairman pitches net neutrality reform to Silicon Valley (CNET)
- The future of net neutrality is now a political waiting game (CBS News)
Who does net neutrality affect?
There isn’t a person, or organization, that uses the internet that isn’t affected by net neutrality. That said, how it affects consumers, ISPs, and content providers is quite different.
Consumers have already seen the effects of net neutrality, or a lack thereof, in cases like AT&T’s blocking of FaceTime calls. Net neutrality regulations would have prevented that case from ever occurring, and if it had, AT&T would have been faced with fines and other penalties.
Content providers could suffer greatly without net neutrality regulations. Netflix’s CEO Reed Hastings famously had a beef with Comcast, which zero-rated its Xfinity streaming app while leaving apps like Hulu, Netflix, and HBO Go’s bandwidth utilization in place.
ISPs, on the other hand, have been generally opposed to net neutrality. They argue it would hamper infrastructure investment and innovation, two common talking points surrounding government regulation. Comcast has stated that it doesn’t engage in throttling, preferential treatment, or zero-rating, yet previous examples in this article speak to the contrary. And just this January AT&T and Verizon were accused of violating net neutrality laws.
It’s all well and good for telecom companies and ISPs to say they protect net neutrality, but their records up until now have been anything but in line with their messages.
- A Trump presidency could mean trouble for net neutrality rules (TechRepublic)
- Federal court to revisit FTC’s throttling case against AT&T (ZDNet)
- Net neutrality solution may be a win-win for ISPs and users (TechRepublic)
- FCC chairman’s net neutrality fix: ‘Clinton-era light touch’ (CNET)
- Internet firms gear up for fight to keep “net neutrality” (CBS News)
- Zero rating poses a conundrum for net neutrality advocates around the world (TechRepublic)
When is net neutrality happening?
The term net neutrality has been around since 2003 when a paper published in the Journal of Telecommunications and High Technology Law outlined the concept along with describing instances of abuse by telecom companies in the years preceding it.
Since then a lot has happened with net neutrality. In 2004 the FCC outlined internet freedom guidelines in an attempt to control the internet without regulation, but by 2008 it was embroiled in a lawsuit with Comcast over the latter’s throttling of BitTorrent traffic.
In 2010 the FCC passed the FCC Open Internet Order, which codified net neutrality and placed restrictions on ISPs. By 2014 a case with Verizon hampered the FCC’s enforcement authority when the DC Circuit Court ruled in Verizon’s favor, saying that ISPs weren’t classified as common carriers.
Since then there has been a back and forth battle on classifying ISPs under Title II, or alternatively under section 706. The Trump administration’s pick to head the FCC, Ajit Pai, is an opponent of net neutrality and has backed the introduction of a bill before Congress to permanently restrict the FCC’s ability to enforce net neutrality. If passed it will likely be signed into law by President Trump.
The FCC passed a repeal of net neutrality on December 14, 2017, that was challenged in the Senate by the CRA, the passing of which would override the FCC’s decision. The CRA passed in the Senate and went to the House, which did not schedule a vote on the bill prior to the repeal going into effect
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own minutes. The solar day indeed is 1444 prime mobile minutes. Therefore such a pendulum, leave that alone for the moment that's a sidereal, therefore such a pendulum in one day of the Primum Mobile completes 16 times 1462 vibration in addition 38 vibrations when it ought to complete only 1440.
If a single simple vibration corresponded to one second therefore I added one ring to the chain so that the number of vibrations might turn out less and it might approach more nearly in each of it's vibrations to a second of the Primum Mobile. Now I am not giving you the rest of the text, I hope you can picture this, nine guys, one of them Grimaldi the discoverer of diffraction.
These are capable people out there counting for a 24-hour period on a pendulum and they mean one second, that's one second each way, okay? They don't mean our time. So the third example he modifies it, and he adds 0.21 inch To the second one, and gets 86,998 versus 86,400.
And finally, with the fourth example, pendulum three, old Roman feet, two at 67 and one hundredth inches, with a 20 and one half ounce brass sphere 32, 112 arcs in 3192 sidereal seconds. Now their actually looking at two different stars passing across one another, they're not going the whole day.
Based on that, he reaches a conclusion. A one second pendulum is three old Roman feet. 3 plus 27 one-hundredths inches, etc., and he's scaling, it's not exactly what he had at the top, he's doing a small correction. Then he's setting up a half second pendulum and a one-sixth second pendulum.
Six times a second. Okay, and that's actually three full arcs per second. Therefore, we used a pendulum of this sort for measuring the natural movement of weights, but in order to count its vibrations as quickly as possible, it is proper after each set of ten to raise one finger of two class cans and to be extremely attentive indeed, for greater proof to take two equal pendulums of this sort, and have two counters making their own count separately.
So it is apparent at the end of the operation where it agrees or not, I have two people doing it, okay. Next thing he does and I don't have a separate slide on this, is he takes chalk covered balls, all the same size, but with different masses of lead inside and starts dropping them from 312 feet.
You'll see how he gets 312 feet in just a moment. Getting them heavier and heavier, til he gets to a point where the distinction and the time in which they land becomes negligible. First of all, he says even for light ones versus heavy ones, Aristotle is wrong, it's not proportional.
But if you get heavy enough, you really can't tell the difference. Now we're gonna use those because those are in effect controlling for air resistance and he goes to the Towers of Bologna. This is Tower of San Petronius. You can't, it's disappointing, in this room, it's being wiped out a little, disappointing because this is my photograph, and I'm very vain about my own photographs.
This is a photograph made from the observatory at the University of Bologna, and I don't mean the current one I mean the one as of the time Richie Holt was there. Looking out over the city, you see a lot of different towers. The tallest tower is Asinelli Tower, it's 312 feet high, according to him it's actual 97.2 meters high, that's my 100 meter height.
Okay, and now I will simply describe. You can see, towers all over the place? They had a lot of towers, and by the way, that's got a slight lean on it, so it does have the virtue for dropping objects. Guess I have to read. So, the top says weights in perpendicular free fall move more and more quickly towards the end, in an increase of speed that is between numbers equally unequal numbered as wholes.
Or so as the space is traversed in certain times, are among themselves as the square of the times, and so as the space is traversed, have among themselves a duplicate proportion etc. In other words, Galileo's right and that's what he says, the whole assertion of Galileo and Baliani has been very often proven by our experiments.
Now these are the numbers are said to be equally unequal as wholes. One, three, five, seven, nine, 11, 13, 15, etc., and so if in the first quarter of an hour some weight is depleted, it's the explanation. In order to explore this in truth, Grimaldi and I prepared in advance, several clay globes of the same bulk, and dropped those of 8 ounces from different towers or house windows or little casements suited for taking measurements and we first used the towers of Polonia.
Namely the Asinelli, 312, the St. Peter, 208, the San Petronius, that's the one I showed you, 200, etc. Many, many different towers. Moreover, for discerning more precisely the time in which the drop glows arrived at the pavement, we use two very small pendulums, back to the prior reference, etc.
Each one's supposed to be one second and these are his best results. I'll just read, and then we'll look at the results. I'm gonna keep you for maybe three or four minutes, over. And so in the first experiment, when we observe from a height of ten feet from the aforesaid globe, come to the pavement in at least five vibrations of the aforesaid pendulums, five, sixths of a second.
We tested the height which a globe equal to that one passed through in ten vibrations, and found it to be 40 feet and going on through all the rest. They would do things like knowing the drop in the first second they could predict what it should be from different intermediate heights.
They did the right kind of experiment all over the place. He says these are the two best sets of results and you can see. One, three, five, seven, nine. One, three, five, seven, nine. Exact, in fact the worst thing about this, is it's exact agreement, okay? It makes one wonder, but he said, these are the two best and he got exact agreement and he's going up to 280 feet and the total time is what?
I can't quite read this on time. But you should be able to, and it's a sixth of a second. So we're running substantial periods of time over very high heights. That was the strongest evidence anybody had as of 1651, which will be a magic date for your third paper, second paper, had as of 1651, for that the one, three, five progression actually holds.
Two more slides very quickly. One of them we can look at this in retrospect and ask how good is his result. Well the way to think of this is what you want is RG, okay? The velocity acquired in a given timem, the constant of proportionality, which is the acceleration of gravity.
They didn’t think that way, they didn’t do acceleration of gravity, they did distance of fall in first second, which is half RG. Okay, and Galileo said in a letter in 1635, four cubits in the first second, 197 centimeters. Mersenne, in Harmonie Universelle, says 12 Paris feet in the first second, 394 centimeters.
Riccioli, depending on what you use as the measure of Roman feet, 15 Roman feet. If I take the 312, and the 97.2 meters, and use that as the length of his foot, I get 467. If to the contrary, I use Quarayz value in the classic paper I put on supplementary material, I get 444 centimeters, which is 10% off.
Now a comment, 10% off on all the distances makes no sense, it can't be because of resistance because that's a function of velocity squared. Can't be because of an error in measuring time because distance goes as time squared. The error has to be linear through all the cases it can only be an error in distance.
How could they be off by 10% in distance? So it was Steve Weinberg who made me appreciate this when he told me, look at the height of the 312. Get it in present units. He had the wrong units, but the right units get it to where it is halfway reasonable.
As you see, in 1659, then published in Horologium in 1673. Huygens measures to four significant figures our current number. So the Riccioli numbers, retrospectively, from 1659 which is only eight years later, are actually good to within better than 5% and within better than 5% is probably close to the accuracy with which they can observe the heights.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>- LIFE: World War II - Pictures We Remember
- Posted 43 months ago by Jack Lowe · Art & Design · 33502 Views
For many, World War II was the biggest single event of their lives, transforming the world more than any other recorded conflict in history. "Cities were obliterated; national borders altered; revolutionary and, in some cases, fearsome military, medical, communication and transportation technology invented; and , of course, tens of millions were killed — the majority of them civilians." During the six years the war lasted, LIFE magazine covered the event more than any other publication, with 21 photographers spending a combined total of 13,000 days outside of the US - most of that time spent right in the combat zones.
In tribute to the people who lost their lives, as well as the journalists who risked theirs, LIFE.com have delved into their archives to present some of the most memorable images created during that time.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>ONLARDA BİZİM GİBİLER +1 FARKLA
Down Sendromu nedir?
En basit tanımıyla Down Sendromu çocuğunuzun vücudundaki hücrelerin 46 yerine fazladan bir kromozoma, yani 47 kromozoma sahip olmasıdır.
Peki ya neden 47 kromozom?
İnsan vücudunu oluşturan kromozomların 23 tanesi anneden , 23 tanesi ise babadan gelmektedir. Down Sendrom'unda 21. kromozom 2 değil 3 adet olmaktadır. Bunun sonucu olarak toplam kromozom sayısı 46 değil 47 olmaktadır.
Down Sendromu ismi nereden geliyor?
Dr. Jérôme Lejeune
Down sendromu ya da eski adlarıyla mongolizm
veya mongol bebek
ilk kez 1866 yılında Dr. John Langdon Down tarafından tarif edilmiş bir sendromdur. Moğol ırkına mensup insanlara çekik gözlülükleriyle benzemeleri nedeniyle Dr. Down bu bebekler için mongoloid
terimini kullanmış, ancak daha sonra Asyalı bilim adamlarının baskısıyla mongol
terimi tümüyle terk edilmiştir. Sendrom, doktorun ismi olan "Down sendromu
" olarak adlandırılmaya başlamıştır. 1959'da Jérôme Lejeune tarafından 21. kromozomun trizomisi olduğu tanımlanmıştır.
Dowm Sendromu kendi içinde kaç çeşide ayrılır?
Trizomi 21:
Bütün hücreler ekstra bir 21. kromozama sahiptir. Down sendromlu insanların % 94ââââââ¬Å¡¬Å¡¬âââââ¬Å¡¬¢ü bu gruptadır.
Translokasyon:
Ekstra 21. kromozom başka bir kromozoma bağlanır. Down sendromlu insanların %4ââââââ¬Å¡¬Å¡¬âââââ¬Å¡¬¢ü bu gruptadır.
Mozaik:
Hücrelerin bir kısmı ekstra bir 21. Kromozama sahiptir. Down sendromlu insanların % 2ââââââ¬Å¡¬Å¡¬âââââ¬Å¡¬¢si bu gruptadır.
Down Sendromu'na sebep olan nedenler nelerdir?
Down Sendromuna neden olan belirleyici faktörler konusunda, annenin yaşı, radyasyon, troit antibodies, uyuşturucu ve alkol kullanımı gibi çeşitli tezler ortaya atılmış olsa da bunların içinde kesinlik kazanmış olanı yoktur. Sonuçta 21. Kromozom bilinmedik bir nedenle bölünememiş ve yeni hücrede yerini korumuştur.
Annenin yaşının ilerlemiş olması, sendromun sıklığı ile ilişkili olan tek istatistik veridir. Son yıllarda yapılan çalışmalar kromozom bölünmezliğinin yalnızca anne yumurtasından değil baba sperminden de kaynaklanabileceğini göstermiştir.
Down Sendromu doğum öncesinde saptanabilir mi?
Down Sendromu doğum öncesi tanı yöntemleri ile saptanabilmektedir. Ancak bu testler kendi içlerinde belirli riskleri de taşımaktadırlar. Down Sendromlularda ensede deri bolluğu fazla olduğu için Ultrasonda ensedeki şişliğe bakılır. Ancak kesin bir metot değildir. Üçlü Tarama ise anne kanından alınarak yapılıyor ve risk hesabı yapılmaktadır. Ancak %60 oranında tanımlayabilmekte %40 oranında atlayabilmektedir. Fakat unutulmamalıdır ki her test size %100 doğruluk oranı vermeyecektir.
Down Sendromu'na sahip olan kişilerin özellikleri nelerdir?
Down Sendromlular'da görülen bazı fiziksel özellikler: Çekik küçük gözler, basık burun, kısa parmaklar, kıvrık serçe parmak, kalın ense, avuç içindeki tek çizgi, ayak baş parmağının diğer parmaklardan daha açık olmasıdır. Bu özelliklerin hepsi veya birkaçı görülebilir.
Down Sendromlu bebekler istisnalar olmakla beraber yaşıtlarından daha yavaş büyürler. Zihinsel gelişimleri geriden gelmektedir. Bu gerilik, yaş büyüdükçe daha belirgin olarak gözükmekte, ama uygun eğitim programları ile Down Sendromlu çocuklar da pek çok başarıya imza atmakta ve toplum hayatı içinde anlamlı hayatlar kurabilmektedirler. Burada düzenli ve disiplinli bir eğitim programı ve bol tekrar en önemli faktördür.
Down Sendromlu bireyler genel olarak yaşıtlarından daha kısa boylu olurlar ve metabolizmalarının yavaş çalışması nedeni ile doğru beslenme alışkanlığı edinmezlerse ileri yaşlarda kilo problemi yaşayabilirler.
Down Sendromu'nda kişisel gelişim önemli bir rol oynar mı?
Down Sendromlu çocuklar genelde boy ve kilo açısından daha yavaş büyürler, daha yavaş öğrenirler, problem çözmede ve karar vermede diğer çocuklardan daha çok zorlanırlar. Zeka seviyeleri normalden düşük olarak kalır. Ancak iyi ve erken başlanan eğitimle zeka seviyelerinde anlamlı kaydadeğer bir gelişmye rastlanır. Down Sendromlu çocuklar iyi bir eğitimle normal birey şeklinde hayatlarını sürdürebilirler. İmkan tanındığında meslek edinebilirler. Kendi yaşamlarını idame ettirebilecek seviyeye ulaşabilirler. Fizik tedavi, özel eğitim ve dil terapisine ihtiyaç duyulur. Bunlar için planlı ve programlı bir şekilde profesyonel yardım almak gerekir.
Özel Eğitim
Down Sendromlu çocuklar kendi aralarında farklılıklar gösterebilirler, bu yüzden çocuğun ihtiyaçlarına uygun bir programla özel eğitim, beraberinde sosyal ve duygusal gelişimi, bilişsel gelişimi ve motor gelişimini desteklenir.
Fizik Tedavi
Fizik tedaviye Down Sendromlu bebeklerde iki aylıkken başlanmalıdır. Egzersizler fizyoterapist bakımında yapılmalı ve günlük programlarla evde aile tarafından uygulanmalıdır. Düzenli kontrollerle duruma göre tedavi desteklenir. Çocuklarda yüz kasları gevşektir. Fizik tedavi süresince kas gücü ve motor becerilerinin yanı sıra, algılama becerisi de programa dahil edilerek desteklenmelidir.
Dil terapisi
Down Sendromlu çocuklarda konuşma geç gelişir. Erken dönemde başlanan dil terapisi ile ortalama 2-3 yaşında konuşma başlayabilir. Nadir rastlansa da bazıları çok geç konuşurlar. Hiç konuşamayan sayısı ise oldukça azdır.
Down Sendromu'na sahip olan bireylerin anneleri tarafından duygularını anlattıkları mektuplardan son paragraflar...
Şimdi geriye bakıp o hastane odasına döndüğümde keşke diyorum; keşke bugün yaşayacağım duyguları ve mutluluğu o zaman bilseydim de o kadar ağlamasaydım. Keşke hastane odam hüzün değil de mutluluk dolu olsaydı. Ne olurdu biri olsaydı ve bana anlatsaydı. Tek kalan üzüntüm, pişmanlığım bu.
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Şu an prensesimiz 3 ay sonra 2 yaşına girecek. Allah'a çok şükür çok şeyler başardık. O uslu sesi çıkmayan bebekten cadı kıpır kıpır harika bir bebek çıkarttık. Abisinin deyimiyle o bizim küçücüğümüz. İyi ki varsın prensesim. Seni çok çok seviyoruz. Tabi abisini de. O bizim ilk göz ağrımız.
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Kendinizi toplumdan soyutlamayın, bilhassa bu konulara değinin. Meleğinizi koşulsuzca sevin. Şimdi o sıkıntılı geçirdiğim günlere üzülüyorum keşke o günlerin tadını çıkarsaydım diyorum. Çünkü onun sevgisi o kadar büyük ki. Büyüdükçe onu daha da çok seviyorum. Uyurken bile onu özlüyorum. O benim küçük prensesim, masum bebeğim.
Down Sendromu'na sahip olan bireyler sosyal hayatta neler yapabilir?
Çok şey. Eskiden okuyamaz bile denilen bu bireyler artık lise, hatta üniversite bitirebilmekte, ikinci bir dil öğrenebilmekte, çalışabilmekte, bağımsız veya yarı bağımsız hayatlar sürebilmektedirler. Birkaç örnek onların diğer insanlardan farksız olduğunu pekala gözler önüne serebilir.
Bizler gibi onlar da tüm duyguları yaşarlar
Down Sendromlu bebekler her şeyden önce bebeklerdir. Beslenme, temizlenme, sevilme ihtiyacı duyan; acıkınca, sıkılınca ağlayan, kızan, küsen, gülen
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氧化剂主要是指水果和蔬菜中所含的抗氧化剂，这些是有助于减缓和阻止体内氧化损害的物质，已知它们有抵御衰老，提供整体健康需要营养的作用。本文将对天然抗氧化剂的物质结构类型和抗氧化作用机理作一个简要介绍。
迄今为止，所发现的天然抗氧化剂的物质结构类型主要有：黄酮、单宁、维生素类、酉昆、含氮化合物、植酸、幽醇、苯丙素、香豆素、枯类、烯酸等。其中较重要的有以下几种：
1、黄酮类
黄酮类化合物是植物光合作用产生的一大类化合物，包括以黄酮(2一苯基色原酮)为母核一类黄色色素和黄酮同分异构体(异黄酮)及其还原产物(黄烷酮)，黄酮类化合物中可用作天然抗氧剂的最主要化合物是栋精。
黄酮类化合物抗氧化机理主要有两点:一是消除铁、铜等金属离子催化作用，黄烷酮醇可鳌合金属离子。B环上邻醒结构也有络合金属离子性能。二是供给过氧化物自由基一个氢原子使其转变为氢过氧化物，黄酮醇和香豆酸就是这种能提供氢原子的物质。影响黄酮类化合物抗氧化活性因素，最主要的是经基化程度和羚基位置，一般认为，B环中邻二经基对黄酮类化合物抗氧化活性起主要作用，B环中对位和间位二轻基化合物在自然界一般不存在。B环的对位醒醇结构比邻位醒醇结构活性大，间位体没有抗氧化活性。
2、单宁
单宁即靴质，影响其抗氧化活性的因素是单元的结合方式，羚基是否游离及HHDP、gaU、DHHDP基团的种类和数目。当单宁分子结合单元(如儿茶酚或没食子酸等)以可水解的酷键、昔键结合时，分子抗氧化能力强，而以碳碳键结合成缩合型单宁时，分子抗氧化能力大大下降。酚轻基游离时有利于活性，当它甲基化、醋化或成昔时均使活性下降。另外，在单宁分子的结合单元中，基团HHDP、gall、DHHDP数目越多，活性越大，而且这三个基团作用也不等，其活性顺序为:HHDp>gall>oHHDPo
3、维生素族
p胡萝卜素是维生素A前体，具有很好抗氧化性能，能通过提供电子抑制活性氧的生成，达到清除自由基目的，能清除单线态氧，减少光过敏作用，也是单线态氧碎灭剂。，生育酚是已知8种同族体中生物活性最强一种生育酚。维生素E经过一个自由基中间体氧化成醒，将ROO·转变成化学性质不活泼的ROOH，中断脂类过氧化连锁反应，有效地抑制脂类过氧化作用。维生素C是一种简单的六碳化合物，是一种重要的 自由基清除剂，它通过逐级供给电子而转变成半脱氢抗坏血酸和脱氢抗坏血酸以达到清除活性氧自由基。
4、醌
醒类抗氧化剂研究起步较晚，但从丹参中分离出来的醒已得到较深入研究。对于从丹参中分离出来的10种醒，有下列构效关系:A环芳化后，抗氧化性能增强;A环虽未完全芳化，但A环双键若能使相邻芳香的共辘链延长，也能使抗氧化胜能增强;带有双氢映喃环的抗氧化性能较带映喃环的强闭。
5、含氮化合物
具有抗氧化活性的含氮化合物主要属于生物碱、杂环氨基酸、肤或有机胺类，如茶叶中的咖啡碱和咖啡中的咖啡因，还有马钱子碱、金雀花碱、精胺等。影响生物碱和杂环氨基酸抗氧化活性的结构因素主要是立体结构和电性因素。杂环中氮原子“裸露”在外有利于充分接近活性氧并与之反应，抗氧化效果就较好;供电子基团或可使氮原子富有电子结构因素也可增加抗氧化活性。有机胺的抗氧化活性与其离子势有关。
6、植酸
植酸也叫环己六醇六磷酸酷(肌醇六磷酸)，大多以钙、镁、钾复盐形式存在。植酸有很强鳌合能力，由于金属离子(如铁离子、铜离子)与其形成鳌合物，可减少金属离子对氧化催化作用。一般鳌合剂单独使用效果不佳，但对其它抗氧化剂有协同增效作用。
以上就是本文对天然抗氧化剂的物质结构类型和抗氧化作用机理的简要介绍，希望对大家有所帮助。天然抗氧化剂结构内所含有的黄酮等物质有助于更大范围内的消除自由基，保持健康的身体状态，使身体功能更好的运作，从而达到延缓衰老的效果。想了解更多精彩资讯，尽在东方保健品网！
编辑推荐，更多天然抗氧化剂相关文章：<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>The worship of Dagon (spelled “Dagan” in ancient Near Eastern literature outside the Bible) is widely attested in Mesopotamia from as early as the third millennium BC. In Canaan, the existence of Dagon worship already in the second half of the second millennium BC is evidenced by a proper name in the Amarna letters that includes the theophoric element “Dagon.”
In Philisita-judging from Biblical evidence-Dagon was apparently the head of the pantheon of gods. Judg 16:23 speaks of the rulers of the philistines assembling to offer a “great sacrifice to Dragon their god” after their capture and humiliation of Samson, and 1 Chron 10:10 mentions that after King Saul’s death, the Philistines placed his armor in the temple of their gods and “hung up his head in the temple of Dagon.”
The vexing question of what kind of deity Dagon must have been has elicited several etymological theories. The first, favored by Jerome, some Jewish tradition, and promoted by Wellhausen in the nineteenth century AD, is that Dagon was a fish-god, (dag). This etymology of Dagon has not gained general acceptance.
A second theory links the name to the Hebrew word for grain (dagan), but again there are problems, namely, that the etymology is uniquely West Semitic and would not account for the presence of the name in Mesopotamia. There is some evidence, however, that Dagon/Dagan may have been regarded in Mesopotamian religion as inventor of the plow and that his consort may have been the goddess Shala, an agricultural deity whose symbol was a barley stalk. This lends some support to the “grian” etymology.
The third theory links the name Dagon to an Arabic root (dajana) for “gloomy, cloudy,” which makes Dagon a storm-god, a notion that finds some support in the positioning of Dagon as the father of Baal, also a storm-god. None of these three major theories has gained a general consensus, and while Dagon/Dagan is frequently attested in mesopotamian literature, these attestations do little to clarify the deity’s specific character and role. In a Zukru festival tablet from Emar, e.g., Dagan is variously referred to as “Lord of the Brickwork,” “Lord of the Firstborn,” “Lord of Creation,” “Lord of the Camp,” “Lord of Habitations,” “Lord of the Quiver” and “Lord of” several villages.
Giver the evidence at hand, many specific questions regarding Dagon must remain open. What can be said is that Dagon was widely worshipped in Mesopotamia over a vast stretch of time (even as late as the second-century BC Maccabean period; in the Apocrypha see 1 Maccabees 10:83-85), and that his ascendancy to the head of the Philistine pantheon possibly took place after the Sea Peoples’ arrival in Canaan.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>پدال نیوز: دانشیار دانشگاه مهندسی خودرو گفت: با داخلی سازی و استفاده از سرمایه گذاری هایی که در سال های گذشته به صورت یکنواخت در همه بخش های های مختلف انجام شده و با تکیه بر توان شرکت های دانش بنیان می توان ضمن صرفه جویی ارزی نسبت به تامین نیاز خودروسازان اقدام کرد.
به گزارش پدال نیوز؛ ابوالفضل خلخالی در گفت و گو با خبرنگار خودروکار با اشاره به عملکرد سایرکشورها در ارزیابی و شناسایی توجیه فنی و اقتصادی داخلی سازی قطعات گفت: اصولا در سایر کشورها تولید قطعات و محصولات برای ساخت داخل مورد ارزیابی قرار می گیرد تا مشخص شود ساخت آن ها در کشور به صرفه هست یا خیر و بر این اساس به سمت تولید حرکت می کنند.
با تاکید بر این که به صورت قاطع می توان اعلام کرد آنچه توان تولید آن در داخل کشور وجود دارد به لحاظ دانش فنی ، طراحی مهندسی و فناوری های تولید کامل بوده و ضعفی در این زمینه وجود ندارد، افزود: اما داخلی سازی برخی از قطعات از نظر صرفه اقتصادی به این بستگی دارد که سیاست گذاری های کلان کشور به چه سمت و سویی حرکت کند.
وی ادامه داد: به طور قطع در شرایط تحریم ساخت همه قطعات توجیه دارد و آورده خوبی برای شرکت هایی که در این قطعات سرمایه گذاری می کنند، خواهد داشت اما باید سیاست گذاری های کلان کشور نیز مدنظر قرار گیرد تا سرمایه های صرف شده در این مسیر با تغییر مسایل سیاسی و بین المللی دچار مشکل نشود.
عضو هیأت علمی دانشکده مهندسی خودرو با بیان این که حتی بدون در نظر گرفتن شرایط تحریم ، با توجه به افزایش قابل توجه نرخ ارز، تولید در همه اقتصادها به صرفه و اقتصادی است، تصریح کرد: برای جلوگیری از ضرر سرمایه گذاران باید سیاست هایی در این زمینه تعریف شده و به سمتی برویم که که در حوزه های سرمایه گذاری شده توانمندی های بالا و قابل رقابت با کشورهای خارجی ایجاد شود.
انتهای پیام/<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>افسران پورتلند بهرغم سیاستهای خود، بهطور بیرویه گاز اشکآور پاشیدند، که افسران را هدایت میکند تا نزدیکی به مدارس، بیمارستانها، آزادراهها و سایر امکانات را در نظر بگیرند و «قرار گرفتن در معرض افراد غیرهدف» را به حداقل برسانند.
در گزارشهای بعدی، افسران گاز اشکآور را بهعنوان «تکنیک کاهش تنش» برشمردند و نوشتند: «همه افسران و اقدامات آنها باید به خاطر اقدامات قهرمانانهشان در حفاظت از شهر قدردانی شود.»
PPB درخواست مصاحبه گاردین را رد کرد و به سؤالات مربوط به یافته های Forensic Architecture پاسخ نداد. تری والو استراوس، سخنگوی PPB در ایمیلی گفت که این دفتر در ژانویه سیاست کنترل جمعیت خود را به روز کرد تا “هدف خود را برای اجتناب از استفاده از زور در صورت امکان” روشن کند، و اظهار داشت که افسران “فقط مجاز به استفاده از نیروی منطقی و عینی بر اساس مجموع شرایطی که در حال حاضر هیچ جایگزین منطقی و مؤثری وجود ندارد.
استراوس اضافه کرد که پس از قتل جورج فلوید، پورتلند “هم تظاهرات مسالمت آمیز و هم تقریباً هر روز ناآرامی های داخلی، تخریب و خشونت را تجربه کرد” و پاسخ 170 روزه اداره در تاریخ شهر بی سابقه بود. او همچنین خاطرنشان کرد که PPB دیگر یک “تیم واکنش سریع” ندارد، که قبلا اعتراضات را مدیریت کرده و تحت نظارت شدید قرار گرفته است، و آموزش سالانه آن برای افسران شامل بهروزرسانیهایی در مورد تغییرات سیاست کنترل جمعیت است.
کودی بومن، سخنگوی تد ویلر، شهردار پورتلند، گفت که دفتر وی مشتاقانه منتظر بررسی تحقیقات فدراسیون فوتبال است. وی خاطرنشان کرد که ویلر در 6 ژوئن 2020 به پلیس دستور داده بود که فقط در صورت “تهدید جدی و فوری برای ایمنی زندگی” از CS استفاده کند و هیچ جایگزین مناسب دیگری برای پراکندگی وجود ندارد.
“یک سلاح جنگی”
معترضان در حداقل 100 شهر ایالات متحده در سال 2020 با حملات گاز اشک آور مواجه شدند و در سه سال پس از آن، سازمان های مجری قانون به استقرار مهمات شیمیایی علیه جمعیت ادامه داده اند. فقط در سال گذشته، آژانسهای پلیس به معترضان حقوق سقط جنین و خشونت پلیس در اوهایو، جورجیا و آریزونا با گاز اشکآور حمله کردند. از CS برای برهم زدن یک مهمانی در کارولینای شمالی استفاده کرد. پرتاب یک نارنجک اشک آور به خانه ای در نیومکزیکو که باعث آتش سوزی یک نوجوان شد. و با استقرار گاز اشک آور به یک ملک مسکونی در آلاسکا آسیب جدی وارد کرد و مستاجران در سرتاسر ساختمان مجبور شدند با آسیب ها و آسیب های سلامتی مقابله کنند. در عین حال، قانونگذاران اصلاحات پلیسی را که در سال 2020 به تصویب رسیده بود، عقب انداختهاند و در برخی موارد محدودیتهای مربوط به زمانی که افسران میتوانند از زور استفاده کنند را کاهش دادهاند.
طرفداران به طور فزاینده ای به این موضوع اشاره کرده اند که گاز اشک آور ابزاری بود که در جنگ جهانی اول ایجاد شد و بعداً به عنوان “سلاح جنگی” ممنوع شد، اما کنوانسیون سلاح های شیمیایی که توسط سازمان ملل متحد منعقد شد گفته است که می توان از آن برای “اهداف کنترل شورش های داخلی” استفاده کرد. .
حتی پس از محاسبه سال 2020، در بیشتر شهرها، گاز اشک آور انباشته می شود و استفاده از آن به طور گسترده مجاز است.
“اگر گاز اشک آور جنایت جنگی در میان سربازان است، چرا استفاده از گاز اشک آور برای مردم خود مناسب است؟” خوان چاوز، مدیر پروژه حقوق مدنی در مرکز منابع عدالت اورگان گفت. و اداره پلیس پورتلند به اثرات قرار گرفتن در معرض طولانی مدت مداوم در معرض گاز اشک آور اهمیتی نمی دهد. برای آنها، این یک مسئله موجودی است: “آیا ما به اندازه کافی گاز اشک آور داریم و چقدر بیشتر می توانیم استفاده کنیم؟”
این نمونه CS است
سطح تمام شد
2000 بار
بالای
فدرال
حد
سطح در نظر گرفته شده است
بلافاصله. مستقیما
خطرناک* (2mg/m3)
سطح CS این نمونه
بیش از 2000 بار بود
بالاتر از حد فدرال
سطح در نظر گرفته شده است (2mg/m3)
بلافاصله خطرناک*
جاسپر هامپرت، دستیار محقق FA، گفت: یافتههای Forensic Architecture نشان داد که چگونه مقررات ایالات متحده و مکانیسمهای نظارت پلیس اساساً در جلوگیری از قرار گرفتن در معرض خطرناک شکست میخورند. PPB حتی هیچ گونه ارزیابی از غلظت هایی که مردم را در معرض آن قرار می دهد ندارد.
محققان FA سوابق داخلی را بررسی کردند که نشان میداد PPB میدانست که اداره ایمنی و بهداشت شغلی (Osha) 2mg/m³ را آستانه قرار گرفتن در معرض خطرناک میداند، اما با این وجود میزان سمپاشی آن را ردیابی نکردند و مقادیر بسیار بالاتری را در یک منطقه 2000 به کار بردند. برابر بیشتر
دکتر روهینی هار، پزشک اورژانس و مشاور پزشکان حقوق بشر (PHR) گفت: «این که این بسیار بالاتر از استاندارد است، نگرانکننده است، و در عین حال برای اعتراض در همه جا کاملاً طبیعی است. هار ماه گذشته گزارشی منتشر کرد که در آن از سال 2015 تاکنون بیش از 119000 نفر در سراسر جهان بر اثر گاز اشک آور و سایر محرک های شیمیایی مجروح شده اند.
علیرغم اینکه PPB به دلیل ادعاهای استفاده غیرقانونی از زور با نظارت دولت فدرال مواجه است، وزارت دادگستری ایالات متحده دریافته است که اداره پلیس سیاست های خود را نقض کرده است و یک قاضی شهر را در بی احترامی به دستور خود برای محدود کردن استفاده از گاز اشک آور تشخیص داد. .
استفاده از گاز اشک آور تنها یکی از فهرست بلندبالای رسوایی های اخیر PPB بود: اسناد آموزشی که در سال گذشته کشف شد شامل یک میم بود که خشونت علیه معترضان را جشن می گرفت. اتحادیه پلیس در سال 2021 یک داستان دروغ را فاش کرد
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tsız kalmayacağımı kamuoyuna saygıyla bildiririm'
Ben de 'Bu filmi daha önce başta İstanbul olmak üzere çok yerde gördük' diyorum. Herhalde bu konu üzerinde daha çok konuşup, yazacağız.
KURDELA
Dünya gıda fiyatları düştü
Dünya gıda fiyatları, kısmen coronovirus (COVID-19) salgınının küresel talebi yavaşlatacağına dair korkulardan dolayı bitkisel yağların ihracat fiyatlarındaki keskin düşüş nedeniyle dört ay içinde ilk kez Şubat ayında düştü.
Yaygın olarak işlem gören gıda ürünlerinin uluslararası fiyatlarındaki aylık değişiklikleri izleyen FAO Gıda Fiyat Endeksi, Şubat ayında ortalama bir önceki aya göre tüm ürünlerde düşüş belirledi. Ben bu düşüşün Türkiye'yi yani bizim tüketicileri etkilemediğini düşünüyorum, siz ne diyorsunuz?
Yani ürünlerde indirim var mı?Roma'dan aldığımız habere göre stoklar çoğaldı.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Gumtree Guest House offre una navetta da e per l'aeroporto a un prezzo di 1000 ZAR per veicolo andata e ritorno. Fai un tuffo in nella piscina scoperta e poi fermati bar/lounge per bere un drink prima di andare a dormire. Gli altri punti di forza di questa guest house elegante includono una piscina stagionale all'aperto, una terrazza e un giardino.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>به گزارش اسپوتنیک به نقل از پیپر، چین قصد دارد طولانی ترین تونل راه آهن زیر دریای جهان را بسازد. این تونل زیر آب و به طول 16.2 کیلومتر خواهد بود. سرعت قطارها در این طرح 250 کیلومتر در ساعت خواهند بود. پیش بینی می شود این پروژه ظرف شش سال به پایان برسد. کل مبلغ سرمایه گذاری شده در این پروژه حدود 4 میلیارد دلار خواهد بود.
پیشتر نیز مشخص شده بود که در اروپا ساخت طولانی ترین تونل راه آهن زیر آب که قرار بود از هلسینکی به تالین عبور کند، لغو شده است. مقامات استونی در عملی بودن این کار شک داشتند. فرض بر این بود که پول ساخت و ساز از چین تأمین می شود، اما تالین این را تهدیدی برای استفاده از سرمایه گذاری خارجی برای اهداف سیاسی و احتمال توسعه وابستگی تکنولوژیکی می دانست.
طبق این پروژه، کل طول مسیر 103 کیلومتر و طول تونل زیر آب حدود 50 تا 56 کیلومتر بوده است. علاوه بر این، حداقل یک جزیره مصنوعی نیز باید احداث می شد.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Here at West Houston Veterinary Medical Associates, we are firm believers in heartworm prevention.
Heartworm is a big deal. It is especially prevalent in our area because it is spread through mosquitos. We work hard to educate all dog owners about this deadly disease and how they can prevent it!
Heartworms will spend their entire lives inside a dog’s heart. However, they do not start to cause any problems until they are full grown. They can grow up to twelve inches long. which takes up quite a bit of space in a dog’s heart and lungs! They mostly live on the right side, causing lung disease and heart failure. If not treated, the disease is fatal.
Unfortunately, heartworms are hard to treat. Often the treatment is as bad as the disease. As the adult worms die, they travel through the dog’s system, causing all sorts of problems. It is very important to closely monitor all dogs who are being treated. Even worse, some dogs need more than one treatment to get rid of all of the heartworms.
The good thing about heartworm is that it is easily prevented. There is a chewable tablet that needs to be given every month. Most dogs love their chewable heartworm tablets, and they are easy to give.
The heartworm prevention also has the added benefit of deworming your pets for roundworms, hookworms, and other intestinal parasites. This is important for your dogs and your family. Parasites can be transmitted to people, making them very ill.
Nobody wants to go through losing their dog to something that easily could have been prevented. Heartworm is hard to treat, so keeping your dogs on heartworm prevention will save you and your family from the grief.
Before you start your pets on heartworm prevention, it is important to test them. If you have any questions or would like to schedule an appointment, feel free to contact us today at (281) 493-4712.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>A-level Chemistry/OCR (Salters)/Halogens
Diatomic halogen molecules
|halogen||molecule||structure||model||d(X−X) / pm
|d(X−X) / pm|
Fluorine is the most electronegative element in the periodic table, and is also the most reactive. Flourine is a special case as Fluorine has anomalous properties due to its small size. It has a lower electron affinity than Chlorine due to electron repulsions in the overcrowded outer shell. However, it is a stronger oxidising agent than Chlorine due to its unusually low bond energy. This is due to the repulsions between outer electrons in the F2 molecule.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Kategori Oyunlar Vanellope von Schweetz :
En yeni Vanellope von Schweetz Oyunları
Oyunlar Vanillop von Cupcake cartoondayalı
Disney ülkesinde, her zaman bazı mucizeler vardır. Ve şimdi Vanillop von Keks'in oyunları, bir şeker ülkesinde yaşayan küçük bir kızın çizgi filminden kaynaklandı. Kek, çikolata, karamel, kek, kruvasan, helva ve daha pek çok lezzetli olmanın ne kadar harika olduğunu hayal edin.
Öyle görünüyor ki böyle bir dünyada yaşamak kimsenin kötü olamayacak. Fakat ne yazık ki, burada bile adaletsizlik olur, kahramanımız Vanillopa'da olduğu gibi. Turbo görünene kadar "Hızlı ve Öfkeli" yarış oyununda ülkenin prensesi unvanını giydi ve oyun kodunu değiştirmedi. Kendine bir kral yaptı ve kızı engelledi, yarışmayı yasakladı ve genellikle onu bir aksaklık olarak ilan etti.
Tüm arkadaşlarını kaybeden Vanillop, kola ve mentolardan oluşan bir volkanın içine yerleşti ve geceleri donmayacak şekilde şekerlerden sarmalayıcılar sakladı. Kendi pedal kartlarını oluşturmak için yeterli zamanı vardı. Şimdi rekabet edebildi ama önce bir katkı olarak altın bir madeni paraya ihtiyacı var.
Ship onu büyük zaman Ralph'a karşı itiyor. Başlangıçta, ilişkileri işe yaramadı çünkü kız, yarışa katılımını ödemek için ondan bir madalya çaldı. Sonra en iyi arkadaşlar oldular, ama onlardan önce birçok maceraya katlanmak zorunda kaldılar.
Plant Vanillops
Böyle bir bebeğin nasıl bu kadar bağımsız olduğu şaşırtıcı. Fakat bu yaramaz kahverengi gözlere baktığımda, bu yaramaz patlamada ve açık bir gülümsemede, istemeden ona karşı sempati duyuyorsun. Oyuncular bu yaramazlık olduğunda, Vanillop von Cupcake oyunları her zaman eğlencelidir.
Bu türlerde geliştirilen eğlencelerin hiçbirini kaçırmayın:
- Pazly
- Giyim Ekipmanları
- Stomatologiya
- Hafıza Kartları
Sahneler etrafında dolaşmak
Ve Vanillop von Cupcake oyunlarını açın ve hemen oynamaya başlayın. Eğlencelerden birinde çürüğü tedavi etmek, plağı çıkarmak ve bazı dişleri yenileriyle değiştirmek için kıza dişçiye kadar eşlik etmeniz gerekecektir. Tatlı bir ülkede yaşıyorsanız, sağlığınıza iki kat daha iyi bakmalısınız. Diş macunu ve fırçayla ilgili birkaç kez unutmak, şeytani çürük canavarların ağzına nasıl gireceği.
Bu Vanillopa'ya oldu ve şimdi tedavi prosedürünü yürütmek için tüm cesaretlerini toplaması gerekiyor. Manipülasyonları doğru ve hızlı bir şekilde yapmaya çalışın, böylece küçük olan bu kabusu unutacaktır.
Fakat Vanillop von Cupcake'nin giydirilmesi oyunu başka bir konudur. Her kız kıyafetleri sever ve kahramanımız bir istisna değildir. Yarışlara katılmaya niyetli olsa bile, kostümünü dikkatlice düşünerek aynanın karşısında döner. Bu, pistte uzun bir devamsızlıktan sonra ilk kez ortaya çıkması nedeniyle şaşırtıcı değildir.
Vanillop von Keks'in bir başka oyunu, bunlar eroin imajıyla resimlerin restorasyonu için mantıklı grafiklerdir. Doğru yeri bulmanız gereken birkaç ayrı öğeniz var. Bileşenler, doğru açıyı bulduğunuzu fark edinceye kadar döndürülebilir ve şimdi bunları platforma koyabilir ve tamamlanana kadar mozaiği toplamaya devam edebilirsiniz.
Bir not yaparken, kızın yanındaki hafıza kartlarında sağlıklı bir Ralph olduğunu unutmayın. Tüm resimler, ana resmi gizleyerek size dış ceketinizin dışına çıkar. Kartlara tıklamak, bir an için onları açmak ve çizim hatırlamak için yeterli olmalıdır. Şimdi çiftleri açmaya çalış, yani aynı kartları, daha fazla oyundan çıkarmak için.
Tüm türler genç oyunculara aşinadır, ancak favori karakterlerin varlığı oyuncaklara özel bir çekicilik kazandırır. Nazik ve gelişmekte olan bu eğlence, çocukları cezbeder, onlara zafer sevinci verir.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>ugg italia negozi roma
Cosa si deve fare ? In ogni conflitto è necessario prendere questi tre passi : 1 . "Siamo entusiasti di introdurre la MX3 . Molte altre terapie alternative e complementari potrebbero contribuire a migliorare la salute della prostata , ma non hanno mai dimostrato di aver aiutato a prendersi cura di BPH . Questo è il motivo per cui è così importante sapere cosa possibile sui due diversi gruppi motopropulsori e come funzionano .
Questo è spesso al di là di un bilancio Pared-down può permettersi , soprattutto quando una società è semplicemente cercando di mantenere la visibilità o rinforzare il proprio ridimensionamento efforts.. Essere pazientare . Vari tipi di abbigliamento sono immagazzinati qui, in un sacco di disegni, stili e dimensioni per soddisfare le esigenze distinte di shoppers.Intake di alcuni farmaci può a volte creare la libido bassa nelle donne .To eseguire con successo i programmi di riduzione del debito si dovrebbe imparare alcuni suggerimenti e alcuni fatti che rivelano su di loro . E ' questa pressione che potrebbe vedere gli sviluppatori adottano Havok invece di PhysX .<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>L’idea è che se al robot venisse insegnato da subito a prevedere i limiti della sua azione in un ambiente, si eliminerebbe immediatamente una parte significativa delle prove fallite che la macchina si trova a eseguire.
di Karen Hao
Quando si guarda una sedia, indipendentemente dalla forma e dal colore, si sa che ci si può sedere su di essa. Quando un pesce è in acqua, indipendentemente dalla sua posizione, sa di poter nuotare. Questa è nota come teoria della “affordance”, un termine coniato dallo psicologo James J. Gibson. La parola significa che quando gli esseri intelligenti guardano il mondo percepiscono non solo gli oggetti e le loro relazioni, ma anche le loro possibilità.
In altre parole, la sedia “offre” la possibilità di sedersi. L’acqua “offre” la possibilità di nuotare. La teoria è in grado di spiegare solo parzialmente perché l’intelligenza animale è così generalizzabile: spesso si sa all’istante come interagire con nuovi oggetti perché ne riconosciamo le possibilità.
I ricercatori di DeepMind stanno usando questo concetto per sviluppare un nuovo approccio all’apprendimento per rinforzo. Nella teoria tipica, un agente apprende attraverso prove ed errori, a partire dal presupposto che qualsiasi azione sia possibile. Un robot che impara a spostarsi dal punto A al punto B, per esempio, supporrà che possa muoversi attraverso pareti o mobili fino a quando ripetuti fallimenti non gli dimostreranno il contrario. Se questa impossibilità gli venisse insegnata in partenza, il suo processo di apprendimento sarebbe più efficiente e lo aiuterebbe a generalizzare le conoscenze in diversi ambienti.
I ricercatori hanno creato un semplice scenario virtuale, in cui un agente virtuale si trova in un ambiente 2D con un muro al centro e si muove per capire cosa l’ambiente gli permette di fare. Il robot ha alcuni semplici obiettivi da raggiungere attraverso l’apprendimento per rinforzo, come spostare una certa quantità a destra a sinistra. A differenze delle macchine che non avevano fatto un training per capire cosa potevano fare e non fare, questi robot si scontravano inevitabilmente con il muro.
Il lavoro è ancora agli inizi, quindi i ricercatori hanno utilizzato solo un ambiente semplice e obiettivi altrettanto semplici da raggiungere. Ma la loro speranza è che gli esperimenti iniziali aiuteranno a gettare le basi teoriche per estendere l’idea fino ad azioni molto più complesse.
A loro parere, in futuro questa tecnica consentirà a un robot di valutare rapidamente se, per esempio, può versare liquido in una tazza. Avendo sviluppato una comprensione generale di quali oggetti offrono la possibilità di trattenere liquidi e quali no, non dovrà girare ripetutamente la tazza e versare liquidi su tutto il tavolo per imparare a raggiungere il suo obiettivo.
Immagine di: Ms Tech / Pixabay<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Clima degli oceani, si profila un vero disastro
Si profila un vero disastro per gli oceani. Il clima della superficie oceanica, inteso come l’insieme di temperatura, pH e concentrazione di aragonite, il minerale necessario alla formazione delle conchiglie, potrebbe subire un cambiamento drastico entro il 2100, tanto che tra il 35,6 e il 95% delle combinazioni possibili potrebbe scomparire del tutto. L’allarmante ipotesi è il risultato di uno studio, pubblicato sulla rivista Scientific Reports, condotto dagli scienziati della Northeastern University, che hanno valutato la correlazione tra diversi scenari di emissioni e l’andamento dei climi oceanici. Il team, guidato da Katie Lotterhos, ha modellato climi oceanici a livello mondiale per tre periodi di tempo: tra il 1795 e il 1834, tra il 1965 e il 2004 e per l’arco temporale 2065-2104.
Lo faremo perché è difficile
L’editoriale di Stefano Pacifici
Gli oceani e il gas serra
Gli autori hanno inoltre valutato due diversi scenari di emissioni di gas serra, combinando le informazioni per ottenere previsioni. Stando ai risultati del gruppo di ricerca, i climi oceanici non sono cambiati tra il XIX e il XX secolo, ma nel XXI secolo le simulazioni suggeriscono che tra il 10 e l’82% della superficie oceanica potrebbe sperimentare alterazioni a causa delle temperature più elevate, del pH più acido e della minore saturazione di aragonite. Nello scenario caratterizzato da emissioni elevate, in particolare, fino al 95% dei contesti oceanici attualmente esistenti potrebbe scomparire prima della fine del secolo. Gli autori concludono che, sebbene alcune specie marine siano in grado di adattarsi al cambiamento del clima oceanico disperdendosi in nuovi habitat, con la scomparsa degli ecosistemi oceanici moltissime forme di vita potrebbero estinguersi.
© RIPRODUZIONE RISERVATA<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>کمپانی HTC در سال 2018 ساخت گوشی هایی با دوربین دوگانه را از سر خواهد گرفت
شرکت HTC را می توان جزو یکی از اولین کمپانی هایی دانست که شروع به ساخت گوشی هایی مجهز به دو دوربین در بدنه پشتی کرد، اسمارت فون هایی که با هدف بهبود کیفیت عکس های گرفته شده طراحی شده بودند، با این وجود، گسترش و ارتقا این تکنولوژی، به مرور زمان از دست این کمپانی خارج شد و سایر شرکت های رقیب مشغول پرداختن به آن شدند.
گوشی HTC One M8 که در سال 2014 وارد بازار شد، دارای سیستم دوربین دوگانه بود، دستگاهی که از دوربین جلوی آن نیز برای سنجش عمق استفاده می شد و داشتن عکس هایی با تاثیر عمق میدان را نیز امکان پذیر می کرد.
هم اکنون با توجه به اخبار منتشر شده، به احتمال زیاد در سال آینده میلادی شاهد از سرگیریِ ساخت اسمارت فون های با دوربین دوگانه از طرف این کمپانی خواهیم بود. به گفته ی Chialin Chang، مدیر عامل HTC: ” در سال 2018 به طور قطع اسمارت فونی با دوربین دوگانه از طرف اچ تی سی وارد بازار فروش خواهد شد، اما هنوز لازم است تا در مورد نحوه ساخت و تولید این محصول، بررسی هایی صورت گیرد”.
اساسا، گوشی های HTC از داده ها و اطلاعات مربوط به عمق میدان در دوربین هایش استفاده می کند و به این ترتیب این اجازه را به کاربران می دهد تا نقطه فوکوس مورد نظرشان را در عکس ها
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חסד (hesed) kelimesinden türeyen חסידה (hasida) kelimesidir.
Büyüklüğü, haşereleri avlaması ve insana yakın, binaların üzerlerinde yuva kurması nedeniyle leylek insan kültürü ve folklorunda çok önemli bir yer tutmaktadır. Antik Mısır’da ruh ya da Ba ile bağdaştırılmış ve hiyeroglifi olarak kullanılmıştır. Bir inanışa göre leyleklerin birbirlerine yardım etmesi nedeniyle İbranice leylek sözcüğü “bağışlayıcı” ve “nazik” anlamına gelen חסד (hesed) kelimesinden türeyen חסידה (hasida) kelimesidir. Yunan ve Roma mitolojisi leylekleri ebeveynlere sadakat modeli olarak çizer, leyleklerin yaşlanınca ölmediğine ama adalara uçup insan şekline büründüğüne inanılırdı. Ezop Masalları’nın ikisinde leylek de yer alır: Tilki ile Leylek ve Çiftci ile Leylek[130] Aynı zamanda leyleklerin yaşlanmış ebeveynlerine baktığına, onları beslediklerine hatta taşıdıklarına inanılmaktaydı. Çocuk kitaplarında leylekler anne babaya gösterilen saygının simgesi olarak kullanılmıştır. Antik Yunanca leylek anlamına gelen πελαργός (pelargos) kelimesinden türeyen ve Pelargonia adı verilen Antik Yunan yasasına göre yurttaşlar yaşlanmış ebeveynlerine bakmakla yükümlüydüler. Antik Yunanlarda leylek öldürmek ölümle cezalandırılabiliyordu. Antik Tesalya’da yılanları avladığı için korunduğu ve Virgil’in “beyaz kuş”u olduğu düşünülmektedir. Virgil “beyaz kuş”un baharda geri gelmesinin çiftçilere bağlarda asmaları dikme zamanının geldiği uyarısı olduğunu yazar.
Müslümanlar her yıl göç eden leyleklerin hac için gidilen Mekke’den geçmesi nedeniyle bu kuşlara saygıyla bakardı. Anadolu’da bu nedenle leyleklere “hacı leylek” ve “hacı baba” da denir. Leyleklerin göçü ile ilgili ilk çalışmalar Avrupa’da gövdelerinde Afrika ok başı bulunan ve Almanca Pfeilstorch (ok leylekleri) adı verilen leyleklerin bulunmasıyla başlamıştır. Bu leyleklerin en bilinen örneği 1822 yazında Almanya’nın Mecklenburg bölgesindeki Klütz şehrinde bulunan ve içi doldurularak saklanan leylektir. Leyleğin boynunda işlemeli bir Afrika oku bulunur ve günümüzde Rostock Üniversitesi’ndedir.
Leylekler rahatsız edilmedikleri sürece insanlardan çekinmez ve genellikle binaların üzerine yuva yaparlar. Almanya’da bir evin üzerinde leylek yuvası olmasının evi yangına karşı koruduğuna inanılırdı. Ayrıca leyleklerin ruhlarının insan olduğuna inanıldığı için de korunurlardı. Almanlar ve Hollandalılar iyi şans getirmesi için bazen damlarının üzerine platformlar yaparak leyleklerin yuva yapmasını sağlamaya çalışırdı. Lehler, Litvanyalılar ve Ukraynalılar leyleklerin üzerinde yuva yaptığı evlerde yaşayan ailelere ahenk getirdiğine inanırlardı. Anadolu’da leyleği havada görmenin o yıl içinde çok gezileceğine ve evinin çatısına leylek konanların da yakın zamanda ev sahibi olacağına inanılır.
Leylek görsel sanatlarda çok rağbet gören bir motiftir. Yaklaşık 60’dan fazla ülke tarafından 120’den fazla posta pulu üzerinde motif olarak kullanılmıştır. Litvanya’nın ulusal kuşudur. Beyaz Rusya’nın ve Fransa’nın Alsace bölgesinin sembolüdür. Hanover’de yapılan Expo 2000’nde Polonya’nın maskotu leylek idi. 19. yüzyılda leyleklerin yalnızca cumhuriyet ile yönetilen ülkelerde yaşadığı düşünülürdü. Leylek hanedan armacılığında da bazen gagasında bir yılan tutarken resmedilmiş şekilde sıklıkla rastlanır. Venedik’li Cicogna ailesinin ve Hollanda’nın Lahey kentinin armalarında leylek bulunur.
Avrupa folkloruna göre leylekler yenidoğanları ebeveynlerine getirir. Çok eski olan bu söylence 19. yüzyılda Hans Christian Andersen’in Leylekler adlı masalıyla popüler hâle gelmiştir. Alman folkloruna göre leylekler bebekleri mağaralarda ya da bataklıklarda bulduktan sonra ya sırtlarında taşıdıkları ya da gagalarında tuttukları bir sepetle evlerine getirir. Bu mağaralarda adebarsteine (leylek taşları) bulunurdu. Leylekler bebeği ya annelerine verir ya da bacadan içeri bırakırlardı. Çocuğu olmasını isteyenler pencere pervazlarına leylekler için şekerlemeler bırakırdı. Avrupa’dan yayılan bu inanış Filipinler’den Güney Amerika’ya kadar dünya üzerine yayılmıştır.
Slav mitolojisi ve dininde leyleklerin doğmamış ruhları baharları ve yazları İriy’den dünyaya taşıdıklarına inanılırdı. Bu inanış birçok Slav ülkesinin modern halk kültüründe “çocukları dünyaya leyleklerin getirdiği” çocuk masalında süregelmektedir.Slavlar tarafından leyleklerin iyi şans getirdiğine ve bir leylek öldürmenin kötü şans getireceğine inanılır.Leylek yuvalarının sayısı ile doğumlar arasındaki aldatıcı ilişkiyi gösteren uzun süreli bir araştırma temel istatistik eğitiminde korelasyonun nedenselliği belirtmediğini belirtmek için bir örnek olarak kullanılmaktadır.Bebeklerin getirilmesi ile ilgili söylenceler tarih boyunca değişik şekillerde ortaya çıkmıştır. ABD’de Afroamerikan kölelerin çocuklarına bazen beyaz çocukların leylekler tarafından getirildiği, siyah çocukların da akbabaların yumurtalarından doğduğu söylenirdi.
Psikanalist Marvin Margolis, yenidoğanları leyleklerin getirdiği söylencesinin çok eskiden beridir hâlâ kullanılmasının psikolojik bir gereksinime cevap vermesine bağlamaktadır. Çocuklarla cinselliği ve doğum olayını konuşmanın getirdiği rahatsızlık duygusunun bu söylenceyle giderilebildiğini belirtmektedir. Kuşlar çok uzun zamandan beri, Juno gibi pagan tanrıçalardan Kutsal Ruh’a kadar analık sembolleriyle ilişkilendirilmiştir. Leyleğin saflığı temsil eden beyaz rengi, bebekleri taşıyabilecek kadar büyük olan cüssesi ve Cennet ile Dünya arasında uçuşu temsil edebilecek kadar yüksekten uçabilmesi nedeniyle seçilmiş olabileceğini önermektedir. Söylence ile çocuğun iç dünyası arasındaki bağlantılar Sigmund Freud ve Carl Jung tarafından ele alınmıştır. Hatta Jung kızkardeşinin doğumu sırasında aynı öykünün kendisine de anlatıldığını hatırlamaktadır.Yenidoğanlarla leylekler arasında olan geleneksel bağ günümüzde de reklam sektöründe kullanılmaktadır.
Folklorda leyleğin olumsuz olarak da görüldüğü durumlar bulunmaktadır. Örneğin bir Polonya masalında Tanrı’nın leyleğin tüylerini nasıl beyaz yaptığı ve sonra Şeytan’ın leyleğe siyah kanatları verdiği ve leyleğin hem iyi hem de kötü dürtülere sahip olduğu anlatılır. Almanya’da sakat ya da ölü doğmuş bebekler de leyleklerle ilişkilendirilir ve leyleğin yolda gelirken bebeği düşürdüğü ya da eskiden yapılmış bir kötülüğü cezalandırdığı düşünülür. Doğum döneminde yatakta kalmak zorunda kalan annenin leylek tarafından “ısırıldığı” söylenir. Danimarka’da leyleklerin bir yıl yavrularından birini diğer yıl da yumurtalarından birini yuvadan attığı söylenir. İngiltere’de Orta Çağ’da leylekler muhtemelen kur ritüellerinden kaynaklanan bir anlayışla zina ile ilişkilendirilirlerdi. Tüylerini temizlemeleri ve duruşları kendini beğenmişlikle bağlantılı görülürdü.
KAYNAK : Vikipedi, özgür ansiklopedi<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Dearne Valley Pkwy - Parcheggio
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6 Brendon Cl, Wombwell, Barnsley S73 0SW, UK
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Doncaster Rd, Barnsley S73 9JG, UK
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A635, Barnsley S72 0JE, UK
Карман
2 Brookfields Way, Wath upon Dearne, Rotherham S63 5DL, UK
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Billingley Green Lane, Barnsley S72 0JE, UK
Parking
A6195, Barnsley S74 9NH, United Kingdom
Industrial Estate
3f Commercial Rd, Goldthorpe, Rotherham S63 9BL, UK
Glass Print
Unit C1/Swinton Bridge Ind Est/White Lee Rd, Swinton, Mexborough S64 8BH, UK
Lay-by
21 Fenn Rd, Tankersley, Barnsley S75 3DE, UK
Street Parking
Park Spring Road / Spring Vale Road, Grimethorpe, Barnsley S72 7PT, UK
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Ok<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Utente 656XXX
buonasera,sto effettuando una terapia di antibiotico x via intramuscolare(tazocin 2g, 2 volte al di x 5 giorni) a causa di eschierichia coli trovato nello sperma.Volevo sapere dopo quanto tempo dalla fine della terapia devo rifare lo spermiogramma.graze
Sei stato ricoverato in un ospedale italiano?
Hai vissuto un'esperienza positiva con un medico o in una struttura sanitaria?<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>_绿茶配什么食物抗癌效果不是更好吗？日本最近的一项大型研究表明，每天食用柑橘类水果可以明显降低患各种癌症的风险。特别是喝绿茶的人的效果特别端正。在绿茶配柑橘的抗癌研究中，科学家们平均7.6年间仔细观察了42，000名40至79岁的受访者。结果显示，每天不吃柑橘水果，但不喝绿茶的人的抗癌效果不太成熟。
每天最多喝一杯绿茶的人，男性和女性可以分别减少17%和18%的危险。即使一周不吃3 ~ 4次柑橘水果的人，也要说是减少11%癌症风险的结果。
这项研究的特别之处在于，绿茶和柑橘组在应对癌症方面比单独喝绿茶要好！不知道经常喝绿茶有助于避免肺癌、卵巢癌、肝癌、口腔癌等癌症。每天都可以更多地应用不吃柑橘类水果的抗癌效果，大大减少胰腺癌和前列腺癌的危险，这一点令人惊讶。
据普渡大学(Purdue University)调查，这是因为柑橘温和消化后，大部分未知绿茶多酚(EGCG)的完全恢复率低约76%。7饮食中抗癌食品的营养成分不可计数，相互影响，两种食物合理搭配，不仅味道好，还能促进有益成分的吸收，更好地发挥抗病保健功效。1.番茄橄榄油番茄中含有的番茄红素有助于预防心脏病、枯萎和部分癌症。
发表在《自由基生物学与医学》杂志上的一项新研究表明，番茄红素具有脂溶性，与橄榄油或鳄梨一起食用可以使人体吸收更多的番茄红素。另外，如果不煮西红柿吃，对番茄红素的吸收更加不利。因此，精制橄榄油炒番茄，预防癌症的效果更好。
2.对鸡蛋牛奶的多项研究表明，维生素D可以增加人体对钙的吸收，提高骨骼和心脏的健康。鸡蛋(特别是蛋黄)中含有的维生素D，与含钙的牛奶一起食用，味道更好，更不利于营养素的吸收。
因此，鸡蛋牛奶是最糟糕的营养早餐。3.大蒜鱼肉含有多种有益心脏健康的微量元素，具有降脂抗炎功效。大蒜也有降脂功效。
发表在《美国临床营养学杂志》上的研究表明，搭配鱼肉和大蒜可以全面降低胆固醇和胆固醇(LDL)的总水平。所以烹饪鱼的时候再放大蒜会变得更健康。4.巧克力、苹果、美国心脏病专家霍利格林泽博士回应说，白巧克力中含有丰富的抗氧化剂类黄酮，苹果中也含有大量的抗炎剂、抗氧化剂、栎树精油，可以促进血液循环，减少心脏病的危险。
把苹果切成块，蘸融化的黑巧克力吃，既喜欢吃，又营养好。5.燕麦猕猴桃铁对避免疲劳、增强免疫力有很大作用。根据美国疾控中心的研究，缺铁是最罕见的营养缺乏症，也是贫血的头号原因。
研究表明，来自肉的血红蛋白铁更容易被人体吸收。来自谷物和各种蔬菜的非血红蛋白铁很难被人体吸收。
维生素C有助于人体更好地吸收非血红蛋白铁。不吃燕麦片的时候，再加入含有维生素C的蓝莓或猕猴桃，或者不吃菠菜的时候，榨柠檬汁等，有助于补充铁。6.咖喱胡椒咖喱有助于对抗癌症、糖尿病等多种疾病。研究表明，与黑胡椒配对后，咖喱中的活性物质姜黄素的吸收效率提高了1000倍。
起到重要作用的是黑胡椒的辣物质胡椒粉。因此，烹饪时同时使用两种调料，抗炎抗癌效果较好。
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本文来源：BG西游捕鱼欢迎您-www.mulanbashang.com<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Subject: Riding on Ice
From: Jobst Brandt
Ice riding is best done with studded tires of which there are a few
suppliers, mainly in northern Europe, such as Nokian.
[Nokian Tyres used to produce bicycle tires, but divested the brand to Suomi Tyres- a Finnish company that makes high quality bicycle tires for any kind of riding weather and trail conditions. -- Harriet Fell]
Riding on ice, especially frozen lakes, requires a few practical tricks. This applies to slick as well as studded tires. Ice, in contrast to fresh snow, is slick no matter whether it is frozen water or firmly compacted snow. It offers poor traction. Therefore, riding on ice should be done in top gear to avoid rear-wheel spin. This is similar to driving a car with a manual transmission, where starting in second gear helps avoid wheel spin. For bicycling on level ice, top gear is best for both starting and cruising, because while starting, acceleration is the main force, while once rolling, wind drag, even at low speeds, readily exceeds traction.
In skating over thin ice, our safety is in our speed.
-Ralph Waldo Emerson
In the absence of studded tires for frozen lakes without a snow crust, slick tires are better than ones with miniature automobile tread because they give more contact surface, thereby reducing contact pressure and slip.
Braking with the front wheel is impractical for two reasons. Skidding the front wheel usually causes a fall, and there is no way to detect that the front wheel is skidding except by falling. In contrast, rear wheel skidding is benign and can be easily detected. Continuing to pedal while braking enables a precise ABS. When the rear wheel skids, the pedals stop suddenly, to which one can respond almost instantly by letting up on the brake. The response speed and precision of this method are surprising.
Good gloves help not only against the cold, but with inevitable falling, they protect the hands from the ice. Frozen lakes are a wonderful way to appreciate landscapes where there is no alternate route and are safer than riding with traffic on icy streets. Thin ice, a term heard often with risky adventures, is a hazard that occurs from currents and from convection caused by gas bubbling to the surface in marshy areas. Stay away from reeds and swamps.
Water in a frozen lake is at 4°C (39°F), its greatest density, because colder water
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，一路上谁也没搭理，一直到了他的办公楼门前。他冲进办公室，一边尖叫，一边破口大骂，害得外面有个姑娘都哭了。
金妮来了，后面跟着气喘吁吁的阿尔奇。刚进门，就听见咣当一声，一个垃圾桶被结结实实地摔在了墙上，碎片落了一地。
多姆在猛喝威士忌，他看了他们一眼，眼神狂乱而迷惘。“阿尔奇，那张罚单是金妮开车去救鲍比·可汗的时候开出的。我只是给当局写了封信，解释一下当时的情况，作为丈夫，我这么做有什么不妥的地方吗?”
“你是用下议院的信笺纸写的吗?”
“可能是。”
“这下麻烦了。”
“有什么麻烦?”
“人家会说你以势压人。”
“那个狗娘养的如果没有以势压人怎么会知道这事呢?”
“这一点你提得倒是很不错。”阿尔奇回答。
“不过，当时那么多人笑话我，我一时没想出来。”多姆厉声说道。
“我去找那些记者说说，告诉他们金妮是为了赶去救人才违反交通规则的。看看能不能消除掉这件事的恶劣影响。”
“可这件事在那儿都传开了，”多姆用手指了一下下议院的方向，痛苦地喃喃道，“来不及了。”
阿尔奇没说话。的确，在上、下议院的议员当中，有一半以上的人都听丹德森的，他的实力比多姆要大得多。一个是校长，另一个是还没穿长裤的学童，怎么比?阿尔奇一言不发地走了。
阿尔奇走了以后，屋里就只剩下金妮和多姆了，她走过去将他抱在怀中，他的眼泪啪嗒啪嗒地滴落在了她的衬衣上。
“他把我毁了。”他强忍着悲痛说。
“这事还没完。”
“天啊，还没完?一个人有几条命经得起这么折腾?”他误解了金妮的意思。
“我是说你还有翻身的机会。”
“怎么翻身?他妈的，怎么——”
她摇晃着他，想让他安静下来。“听着，如果那个狗娘养的道德家想欺负艾治家族，那就让他来吧。如果他想和我们干一仗，那就等着接招吧。”
“你这话什么意思?”
“你对付丹德森那个狗杂种，把他的妻子交给我。”
派特·克瑞希跨过一个个小水坑，绕过无人料理的垃圾桶和购物车，来到了一个美丽的新世界的里面。在城市中生活，他见过比这儿更脏的地方。墙上画满了涂鸦艺术家的作品，在这里他们可以任意挥霍内心的创作激情，发泄心中的不满。前段时间，有个部长对这种乱涂乱画的艺术形式给予了很高评价，说这是21世纪的社会中不可或缺的，在文化上具有一定的意义。但克瑞希知道，这种富有文化性和社会性的东西是不允许出现在政府办公楼的墙壁上的。
这是他第一次来阿乔克的家。她本来要去找他的，但他不忍心让她冒着冬雨跋涉大半个伦敦去他的办公室，所以亲自来了。她为他开了门，欢迎他进屋，他发现她的目光中既有期待又有着几分紧张不安，她知道这次会面和以往的不一样。她要给他倒杯咖啡，他说不用了。他不想那么正式。
阿乔克的房子尽管小，却收拾得很干净，孩子的衣物整整齐齐地堆放着。这种住所和她老家的茅草屋截然不同，但屋里的两样东西还是能让人感觉到主人不是土生土长的英国人：墙壁上挂着一张木刻画，画的是一个头上顶着木柴的女人，屋子中间的桌子上还摆放着一个装饰过的大葫芦。家具不多，还都是旧的，他在一张光秃秃的沙发上坐下，忍不住想这些家具肯定都是从哪个义卖商店里捡的。
“克瑞希先生，在我的老家，这些东西都是宝贝呢。”她看出了他心里想的，于是这样说。
她的真诚让他觉得更难过了。他只想帮助别人，帮助像阿乔克这样的人，保护他们不受权力的侵害，可到头来竟落个这样的结果。
“阿乔克，我本想用一种委婉的方式对你说，却不能够，”他说，“但工会……”他停顿了一下，“你可能听说了，工会接受了政府提出的条件。这件事已经拖了很长时间了，最后他们决定给你一笔钱，他们说这笔钱数额不菲，谁都会接受的。”
“是每个有工作的人都会接受吗，克瑞希先生?”
她的话让他觉得很不安，他想把这种不安吞咽下去，却发现自己的嘴干得像块骨头。“阿乔克，这笔钱很多，比我们预期的还要多，但他们有一个条件，知道吗?”
“我不知道，克瑞希先生。”
“他们说你不能再回去工作了，还让工会不要再支持那些被辞退的员工的诉求，就像你这种情况。”
“像我这种情况的人一共有多少，克瑞希先生?”
“我只知道你这一个。”
他们这么做是不是太无耻了?用一笔钱就把一个孤苦无依的女人打发掉了?梅西说这只是一个偶然事件，拿出几千英镑，给一个不听话的移民，这么做太可笑了。是的，他用了“移民”这个词。派特·克瑞希不也是移民的后代吗?他的父亲不是也告诉过他一切权力都是阴谋吗?
“也就是说，工会不会再支持你了，阿乔克。”
“我明白了。”她低声说，但他很怀疑她是否真听明白了。
“我今天到这儿来是想让你知道我对这个结果深感抱歉。”
“谢谢。”
就在这时，他屁股底下的那个旧沙发里头有根弹簧动了一下，让他觉得更不舒服了。他想离开这里，走进冬雨中，让雨淋自己几个小时，把自己身上的所有污秽冲掉。
“或许——我不敢保证，你知道的——我们还可以要求一下，让他们再给你一些补偿。”
她坐在沙发上，身体挺得笔直，手放在膝盖上，显得那么有尊严。“谢谢你，克瑞希先生，但我觉得已经太晚了。”
他突然觉得他低估了这个女人，或许他一直在低估她。她并没有他想象的那么简单。
“你是个好人，克瑞希先生。我知道你尽力了。”
听她这么一说，他的心里更难受了。
“你是怎么知道的?”金妮一边追问，一边递给鲍比一杯红酒。
这个晚上就他俩在家，多姆去西北部的一个市考察了。鲍比很不情愿地接受了金妮的邀请，住进了她家的那间空屋。他能看出来，多姆不太愿意让他过来住，但他又没有别的什么选择，姑且将就了。这段时间发生的事情太多，他需要有个地方好好理一下思路，整理一下自己的生活。他的薪水就那么多，找个合适的公寓还真不太容易，只能先住下来再慢慢寻觅。毕竟是在人家住，他整天赔着十二分的小心，很拘束地生活着，帮着照看孩子，打扫卫生，帮金妮开车、洗车，慢慢地，多姆也变得对他友好起来。多姆始终把鲍比当作金妮的朋友而不是他的朋友看待。有时鲍比下班回来，发现俩人正在床上做爱，这种事也是蛮尴尬的。但多姆一直忍着，因为他欠金妮的。鲍比的存在压缩了他俩的私人空间，但和这个新职位带给他们的东西相比就不值一提了。他们都成了公众人物。
他们的生活发生了翻天覆地的变化。每次去超市买东西，总会有人拉着她的衣袖说上两句话;每次去学校接孩子，总会有摄影记者蹲守在门口，对着她一顿狂拍。她的收入也增加了，专栏稿费增加了一倍。现在钱已不再是至关重要的问题。多姆的薪水增加了不止一倍，年薪到了6位数，但这笔收入可能不会持久，因为他刚坐上这个位子，反对他的人有很多，已经有人在交头接耳，说他在下次的大选中肯定会输。他上任以后，仅仅过了几个星期，就有一堆人迫不及待地攻击他了。
“你真想知道啊?”鲍比说，“那好吧，你过来，我一边给你揉肩膀，一边慢慢告诉你。”
她找了个垫子，在他面前的地板上坐了下来。他的手指柔软，让她觉得很舒服。
鲍比和金妮说的是工贸部大臣的妻子米茨·尼克尔森。那天下午，金妮在南岸一家酒店的健身房里挥汗如雨时听到了关于米茨·尼克尔森的一些事。这家健身房不对外，收费却不贵，金妮到这儿来健身，这儿的经理给她办了张会员卡，却一分钱没收。她以前没有钱，不敢到这种地方来，现在可以大大方方地出入了，她记得当时工作人员是把会员卡放在盘子里递给她的，她觉得很奇怪，但威斯敏斯特的规则就是这样。尽管她知道不该接受这种慷慨的馈赠，却还是收下了，其中的原因主要是她想把身体练得壮壮的，对侮辱他们的敌人进行有力回击。除了免费的会员卡，还有很多别的好处——这家健身房就在泰晤士河边上，朝窗外望去，美丽的景色尽收眼底，还有一个澳洲来的私人帅哥教练陪着，看着那紧身裤下面的发达肌肉，那种野性十足的眼神，哪个女人不动心?而且更重要的是，到这儿来能听到一些人的流言蜚语。那天，她正在自行车上热身时听到了一些关于米茨·尼克尔森的最新传闻。
米茨好像被盯上了。在威斯敏斯特，被盯上这种事可是很危险的，一举一动都在别人的监视之下。有人发现，最近这段时间，米茨一直在和一个年轻的帅哥在一起，关系不同寻常。在此之前，没人知道这个年轻人的身份，后来有个服务员说，他叫大卫·吉尔伯特，是一家名为穆恩雷克的大型建筑公司的业务员。
“但这一切都是胡扯，”当金妮把这件事对鲍比说了以后，鲍比说，“不可能是真的。绝对不可能是真的。”
她的肩膀很痛，让他使劲儿给她揉揉。“那你说是怎么回事?”
“我住院的时候，想了很多，”他的声音突然变得遥远而冷漠了，“过去的10年，我一直骗自己。我知道如果我再这么活下去的话，终有一天会做出什么蠢事来。因此，我决定从阴影中爬出来，在阳光下生活——毕竟我的父亲已经知道了。”
他的手指嵌进了她肩膀的肉中，弄疼了她，但她并没有抱怨。
“我并不想成为同性恋，但我就是我，骨子里的东西变不了。我并不想吹起小号，向世人炫耀我的同性恋身份，但也不愿再隐瞒下去。我下定了决心……嗯，当我像脱掉一件肮脏发臭的衣服那样扒下自己的虚伪面具时，我平生第一次感觉到自己是那么轻松、那么干净。很奇怪，是不是?承认你的同性恋身份会让你觉得自己很干净。但我的感觉就是这样。过圣诞节的时候，你让我出去玩玩，我便去了瑞士，还记得这回事吗?我告诉你那里的雪很美，但我没有告诉你的是我是和一帮同性恋去的。我以前从来没这么做过。我们一共15个人，住的是森林小屋，我们就像孩子那样打雪仗、堆雪人、做游戏、滑雪橇，搞化装舞会。我玩得很痛快，我喜欢那种感觉。”
他的手指又一次变得轻柔了，继续轻轻地揉捏着她的肩膀。
“一群很有意思的家伙，大部分是威斯敏斯特的，有个卫生部的，几个议员，一个高级文官，一个《每日电讯报》的编辑——就是在维多利亚大街上开小餐馆的那个，甚至还有一个侦探。哦，还有切尔西的一位牧师，你都能闻到他身上散发出的香火味儿。碰巧那个叫大卫·吉尔伯特的也来了——其实他是这场活动的主要发起人和组织者。他有钱，愿意为我们的玩乐埋单。”
“你是说这是一场阴谋吗?”
“也不全是。一边做生意，一边痛痛快快地玩。他的那家建筑公司经常承包政府工程，涉及几十亿英镑的合同。大卫负责交际这一块儿，和政府的人搞关系。”
“这么说他是……”她结结巴巴地说。
“威斯敏斯特男同性恋圈里的。”
“我还不知道有这样一个圈子。”
“你不知道的事多着呢，学着点儿吧。”
“那个侦探是怎么回事?”
“白金汉宫的，那里头这样的人有很多。”
“很多侦探吗?”
“很多同性恋，你这个傻瓜。”
“真有意思。”
“这种皇室风气由来已久。”
“但那个大卫·吉尔伯特。他不会是……”
“你说他是不是双性恋，对吗?”
“嗯。”
“在理论上讲是可能的。但他绝对不是双性恋，在这一点上，你要相信我的判断，金妮。”
“如果真像你说的那样，他把米茨·尼克尔森拉进来不是为了寻欢作乐，那肯定是为了……”
“生意。为了穆恩雷克公司的生意。”
“尼克尔森太太能和穆恩雷克公司有什么样的生意?”
“肯定是和尼克尔森有关的生意。穆恩雷克是工贸部大臣尼克尔森的金主。这层关系外人是不能明说的，知道吗?”
“不会吧?”
“有什么不会的。自从伯尼·埃克莱斯顿3手里晃着一张面值100万英镑的支票撞开唐宁街大门以后，现任政府就一直在接受企业家的恩惠。”
“你不会认为穆恩雷克也给了米茨·尼克尔森一张100万英镑的支票吧?”
“我觉得她不值那么多钱。”
“那你觉得她值多少?穆恩雷克给她这笔钱又是为了什么?”
他住了手，不给她揉捏了，她却没注意到。他俩都在推测。
“我觉得大卫·吉尔伯特不会告诉你这个的，对吗?”她有些犹豫地试探着问。
“是的，不会。不过在网上查一下，或许我们能从穆恩雷克这段时间的活动中得到一些线索。从大卫的朋友那里也能得到一些。他有个发型师，叫特雷弗。”
“你不是在开玩笑吧。他还有个发型师?”
“是的。特雷弗瘦得像竿一样，酒量不大，还挺喜欢喝，喝醉了就丑态毕露，乱说朋友的坏话。”
“你们这些人都这样吗，喝醉了就乱交，出卖朋友?”
他没有马上回答，而是停顿了一会儿，说的时候声音比刚才又低沉了些，他悲伤地说：“我开始发现，在威斯敏斯特工作，死心塌地地总跟着一个人不可能，只能不时背叛对方。相互欺骗，这便是我们付出的代价。”
金妮没说话，静静地听着。
“我想改善一下形象，开始新的生活，理个发，打扮得整洁一些。”
“可是你的头发很不错啊
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examined.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Scientists have long known that so-called red tide phytoplankton is toxic to marine life, but new research from the University of Connecticut is suggesting that it's actually far deadlier than we feared. Professor Hans Dam from the Department of Marine Sciences has sounded the alarm on the red tide, saying that it could have grave consequences for entire marine food chains.
The revelation came after Dam's discovery that the plankton produces not one, but two deadly toxins. The red tide, more formally known as Alexandrium tamarense, produces a double-shot of chemicals — one that's deadly to large organisms, and one that's deadly to small predators. Because of its ability to kill both of these groups of animals, it has lead Dam to label it as the potential "killer of the ocean world."
Adding insult to injury is how these plankton can contaminate the human food supply. While the red tide poses no immediate threat to humans, its downstream effects could impact on lobsters, clams, and fish — which in some instances have caused human deaths.
Red tides are the result of large concentrations of aquatic microorganisms, in this case the A. tamarense plankton. It can exist in both fresh and salt water, and can often be found in coastal areas. And because the plankton contains photosynthetic pigments that vary in shades of green, brown, and red, the overall look of the algal bloom is a kind of crimson red, or greenish yellow. There are even some variants of the tide that have no color at all.
These tides have already made an impact in various parts of the world. A particularly nasty episode came off the coast of New England in 2005 — an outbreak that wreaked havoc to wildlife and the fisheries industry.
The study, which was recently published online in Aquatic Microbial Ecology, suggests that there's more of this to come — and that these blooms could impact on larger swaths of the ocean. What makes the red tide particularly pernicious is its ability to consume its own predators, leading the researchers to wonder how the tides could ever be controlled in the future.
The researchers are not completely sure what causes the widespread growth of red tides. They believe that pollution from rivers is party to blame, but that there are other environmental factors to consider as well.
The next phase of the study will be to see how the alga produce the predator killing reactive oxygen, and whether it also affects multicellular animals.
You can read the entire study.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Sir John Cockcroft (1897 1967)
By Margaret Leonard
Did you know that the foresight shown by atomic scientist Sir John Cockcroft, in insisting on fitting high-efficiency filters in the flue-stacks of the nuclear plant in Windscale, Cumbria, had a major effect in reducing the damage caused by the accident in 1957? These filters, which were a late addition to the design, and created a strange bulge in the chimney stacks, had been widely believed to be unnecessary, and were frequently referred to as Cockcrofts Folly until the accident demonstrated just how valuable this feature had been.
Sir John Douglas Cockcroft is best known for his work in Atomic Physics. In 1951, he and his colleague Ernest Walton received the Nobel Prize, “for their pioneer work on the transmutation of atomic nuclei by artificially accelerated atomic particles”- popularly referred to as splitting the atom.
John Cockcroft was born in Todmorden, a market town in West Yorkshire, close to the Lancashire border, on May 27th, 1897. He attended Todmorden Secondary School, where his Physics teacher, Luke Sutcliffe was later to go on to teach another Nobel prizewinner, Geoffrey Wilkinson, who won the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1973. Cockcroft left Todmorden to study mathematics at Manchester University. The First World War interrupted his studies, and he served as a signaller in the Royal Field Artillery before returning to Manchester to study electrical engineering at the College of Technology.After two years, he went to St. Johns College, Cambridge, and took the Mathematical Tripos in 1924, before starting work in the Cavendish Laboratory, under Lord Rutherford.
In this prestigious institution, he began working with Pyotr Kapitsa, developing techniques for creating ultrastrong magnetic fields by injecting high current for brief periods into specially constructed air-core electromagnets. In 1928 he changed his research, and began to work instead on using high voltages to accelerate protons. He was soon joined by Ernest Walton, and together they built an apparatus which became known as the Cockcroft-Walton Machine, in which to use these accelerated particles to bombard light atoms, with the object of causing them to disintegrate. In 1932 they bombarded the nucleus of the lithium atom and were able to identify the products of disintegration as helium nuclei. In 1933, they managed to produce radioactivity and a wide variety of transmutations. It was this work for which, in 1951, they were jointly awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics. In 1939, Cambridge University appointed Cockcroft as Jacksonian Professor of Natural Philosophy, but war was to intervene in his career for a second time.
Before war was declared, Cockcroft had been already been approached by the inventor of Radar, Sir Robert Watson Watt, who recognised the importance of this new secret weapon in the conflict which seemed imminent. He persuaded Cockcroft to release one of his best scientists to manage the radar research program, and about 80 researchers to learn about radar so they would be ready if war were declared. After the sinking of the battleship Royal Oak in Scapa Flow, Cockcroft began working on Coastal Defence radar, and in 1940 he was a member of the Tizard Mission to the USA, sharing radar secrets with the Americans. In 1944 he went to Canada to take charge of the Canadian Atomic Energy project until 1946 when he returned to England to as the first Director of the Atomic Energy Research Establishment (AERE), Harwell.
Sir Johns task was no less than to plan the whole development of Britains atomic power program. The Harwell endeavour was to cover the whole compass of nuclear research, from prospecting instruments for uranium to the handling of spent reactor fuel, and including developing isotopes for industry and medicine. Fifty percent of the effort was in basic research, the rest in production and applications. Before 1959, when the UK program was slowed down, the establishment had grown to employ over 6,000 workers in about 100 buildings. It was while he was holding this post that Cockcroft made the far-seeing decision to insist on the filters on the Windscale stacks. Derided at the time, they were hugely valuable in reducing the damage when one of the reactors caught fire.
In 1959 Sir John was appointed first Master of Churchill College, Cambridge, which post he held till his death in 1967. He was also Chancellor of the Australian National University, Canberra, from 1961-1965, President of the Institute of Physics, the Physical Society (1960 to 1962) and the British Association for the Advancement of Science (1961 to 1963). Sir John married Eunice Elizabeth Crabtree in 1925 and they had four daughters and a son.
To find out more:
Cockcroft Folly: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windscale_fire
Atomic Energy Research Establishment: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic_Energy_Research_Establishment
John Cockcrofts biography is at: http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1951/cockcroft.html
his Nobel Lecture , Experiments on the interaction of high-speed nucleons with atomic nuclei is at: http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1951/cockcroft-lecture.pdf
Sir John Cockcroft: Nobel Prize in Physics 1951: http://www-outreach.phy.cam.ac.uk/camphy/cockcroftwalton/cockcroftwalton_index.htm
The Cockcroft Institute: http://www.cockcroft.ac.uk/pages/cockcroft.htm
Memorial article: http://www.cockcroft.ac.uk/public/CERNCourierDecember07_Cockcroft.pdf
The Energy Library: http://theenergylibrary.com/node/10609
Image credits: 1) Wikimedia Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license [by “Argentum”] 2) Wikimedia GNU Free Documentation License/Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>IS 289 provides a nurturing and challenging environment where teachers encourage students to cultivate their best intellectual, artistic and emotional selves. Our curriculum fosters hard work, determination and resilience in the classroom balanced with teaching concepts that stimulate critical thinking, acting with principle and acquiring knowledge through inquiry. In addition, our flexible use of time and space stimulates collaborative work resulting in the invaluable reward of working and achieving as an academic team.
We believe in an inclusive community that maintains respect for its members by advocating for the individual rights of all people.
For in-depth information about our curriculum, please click on these 6th, 7th or 8th grade curriculum links. Or, for a 'fly-on-the-wall' insight into what students have been learning and doing in class this semester, please visit our What's Happening blog.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>خودروی مرسدس بنز آدولف هیتلر، رهبر آلمان نازی در حراجی ایالت آریزونای آمریکا به نمایش گذاشته میشود.
به گزارش گروه بینالملل باشگاه خبرنگاران جوان به نقل از تلویزیون فرانسه، خودروی لوکس هیتلر که برای مراسم رژه سوار آن می شد ماه آینده میلادی در یکی از حراجی های ایالت آریزونای آمریکا به حراج گذاشته می شود.
این خودروی ضد گلوله که مرسدس بنز 770 کی گراسر نام دارد در سال 1939 برای محافظت از هیتلر ساخته شد.
از این خودرو فقط سه مدل دیگر در جهان ساخته شده است.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>When some people think about bats, they see them as ugly, scary, nasty little creatures and harmful blood-sucking pests. That might be true… in the movies. The truth is that bats are far more benign and indeed, play an important role in the BC ecosystem. Unfortunately, we continue to exterminate bats and may even actively kill them. Or we inadvertently destroy their roosting sites. That means bats as a whole remain threatened.
Did you know that bats are not rodents? Rather, they are in their own ‘order’ called Chiroptera. There are 16 species of bats in BC, half of which are considered vulnerable or threatened.
Bats are beneficial because they eat huge numbers of flying insects, as much as their own weight (or more) every night. Think about that next time you’re bitten by a mosquito!
“But what about vampire bats?” you ask. There are only three species that eat blood, all found in Central and South America. Canadian bats eat nothing but insects and other arthropods, and in most cases, only flying insects.
Bats are a valuable part of our ecosystem but they should be left alone. That’s because they may carry rabies, a fatal disease that affects the central nervous system. Admittedly, rabies in bats is uncommon with only four to eight per cent of those sent for testing carry the disease. But if a bat is infected with rabies, it can transmit to humans when its saliva comes into contact with a person’s mucus membranes (eyes, nose, and mouth) or through a break in the skin. That means we strongly recommend avoiding all physical contact with bats whether alive or dead.
Most human contact with bats happens between July and September when bats are most active and juveniles are weaned. Contact with bats usually happens when bats find their way into homes through unscreened windows or when people find injured bats.
Randy Ash, Manager, Environmental Health for Vancouver Coastal Health, explains: “We hear of people finding an injured or sick bat and trying to nurse it back to health. A bat acting unusually may be more likely to be infected with rabies, so this practice is risky.”
A few simple steps can prevent infection. First, avoid all contact with bats. Warn children about the risks of exposure to rabies and to avoid contact, even if “they are so cute” to some. If you have a pet dog, cat or ferret, make sure that it is vaccinated regularly against rabies.
In the case where someone has been scratched, bitten or had physical contact with a bat, seek immediate medical attention. Rabies can be prevented with a vaccine if given soon after exposure to the virus; immunization is ineffective once symptoms develop. And in case you’re worried about those painful stomach shots, that’s not been the case for decades — the vaccine is four small injections in the arm.
Anyone who has been bitten or scratched by a bat or who has handled a bat should immediately wash the scratch or bite thoroughly with soap and water, using lots of water to flush the wound and seek medical attention right away. If the bat is still alive, have a wildlife expert capture it.
The most recent human case of rabies in BC linked to a bat strain of the virus was more than 10 years ago… and it was fatal. But just because rabies is rare does not mean it is not a possibility. Don’t take the chance.
Written by Dr. Paul Martiquet, Medical Health Officer for Rural Vancouver Coastal Health including Powell River, the Sunshine Coast, Sea-to-Sky, Bella Bella and Bella Coola.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Here are some recommended resources to help parents become better acquainted with Classical Christian Education.
The Lost Tools of Learning by Dorothy Sayers. This article, originally presented in 1947, is the place to start and can be read online. It describes many problems with modern educational approaches and reintroduces the classical approach to learning from the Christian worldview.
Classical and Christian Education: Recapturing the Educational Approach by Gregg Strawbridge. This booklet is a concise and compelling explanation of what classical and Christian involves and—perhaps more importantly—why. Because it is very economically priced, it is a great resource for those who desire to put something in the hands of friends or family who may be wondering about the classical and Christian approach.
Recovering the Lost Tools of Learning by Doug Wilson. This book develops Sayers arguments from a parental and pastoral perspective more than forty years later. It also includes Sayers article as an appendix.
The Case for Classical Christian Education also by Doug Wilson. In some ways it’s better than The Lost Tools of Learning. Both are necessary reads, but this one ups the rhetorical presentation and offers Wilson’s perspective 20 years after starting Logos School. This resource is also available as an audio book.
In this video (less than two minutes long), Doug Wilson draws a straight line between those who recognize God’s sovereignty over all things and classical education.
The Seven Laws of Teaching by John Milton Gregory. A brief, mostly common sensical, yet clear and convicting manual for teachers. Originally written for a Sunday school setting, Gregory’s “laws” apply to anyone who loves his subject of study, loves his students, and wants to love the subject into his students.
Christianity, Education and the State by J. Gresham Machen. Our young people won’t learn how to think unless they learn things to think about. Also, education is not the responsibility of the federal government but of every family.
The Abolition of Man by C.S. Lewis. Lewis argues the necessity and authority of objective truth for teaching children, lest they grow up to be “men without chests.”
The Association of Classical and Christian Schools website is full of explanations and helps. Note, in particular, their one page summary of classical christian education and the page of suggested steps for starting a school.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Scopri il corpo umano
Anatomia 101
La parola Anatomia deriva dall'antica parola greca Anatomia², che significa "dissezione". Questa branca della medicina studia l'organizzazione strutturale del corpo umano e delle sue parti, organi e rifornimento vascolare. L'osservazione delle parti del corpo con la sola assistenza dell'occhio umano nudo è nota come anatomia macroscopica o anatomia macroscopica. Lo studio di quelle strutture corporee o tessuti corporei che sono visibili solo utilizzando attrezzature speciali come un microscopio è indicato come anatomia microscopica o istologia.
Anatomy 101 mira a fornire informazioni complete e facili da digerire sulla struttura e sulla funzione di una varietà di parti del corpo umano. Una migliore conoscenza dell'anatomia umana e del modo in cui interagiscono i sistemi corporei pone le basi per comprendere le malattie e prendere decisioni informate sulla propria assistenza sanitaria.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Before getting into Reverse Osmosis, we should first review the process of Osmosis…
In order to understand the technology & process of Reverse Osmosis, we first need understand the naturally occurring process of Osmosis.
In nature, Osmosis is a naturally occurring phenomenon and is one of the most critical processes for plant life to stay balanced, live & thrive. It is a process where a weaker saline solution will tend to migrate to a strong saline solution. Examples of osmosis are when plant roots absorb water from the soil and our kidneys absorb water from our blood.
A solution with a lower concentration of saline will have a natural tendency to migrate to a solution with a higher concentration. For example, if you had a container full of water with a low salt concentration and another container full of water with a high salt concentration and they were separated by a semi-permeable membrane, the water with the lower salt concentration would begin to migrate towards the water container with the higher salt concentration.
A semi-permeable membrane is a membrane that will allow some atoms or molecules to pass but not others. A simple example is an air purifier, which pulls in air from the room, then collects and traps dust, microbes and allergens in the filter’s screen, before pushing clean air out.
Reverse Osmosis is the process of Osmosis in reverse. Whereas Osmosis occurs naturally without energy required, to reverse the process of osmosis, energy is applied to a more saline solution. A reverse osmosis membrane is a semi-permeable membrane that allows the passage of water molecules, while holding back contaminants such as fluoride and hundreds of other chemicals & pharmaceuticals, resulting in purified water.
High-quality Membranes Are Crucial. As you can imagine, the quality, size, volume capacity and the number of membranes used to filter out harmful chemicals is extremely important in the process of purifying water. If you are using an under-the-sink solution, sure, you wouldn’t require a large size or of membranes that we use for commercial purification, but nevertheless, the quality of the membrane remains extremely important. Most commercial systems utilize 1-2 small membranes, we utilize 4 large commercial membranes that are only made here in the US. Many filters & membranes are counterfeited overseas, in manufacturing environments that are not safe for human consumption, so buying outside of the US has never been an option for us. We also only utilize ISO & NSF certified membranes, which guarantees that the membranes do what they are rated for, which is how we have been able to consistently produce the same healthy, high-quality purified water for
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ly alternatives, it likely makes financial sense for developing countries to eliminate solitary confinement. Prison systems might continue to use solitary confinement despite its high costs due to institutional inertia, preexisting housing units purpose-built for solitary confinement, and facilities investments that would be required to house currently-isolated prisoners in non-solitary conditions. However, it is also important to keep compliance costs low in order to induce participation. The volume of information collection and reporting required for CAT compliance can sometimes prevent developing countries from fulfilling their reporting obligations.178 Despite these expenses, some developing countries transitioning from authoritarian governments to liberal democracies have incentives to bear these costs and actively fulfill human rights treaty obligations because treaties can signal that countries are serious about new commitments to liberal democracy.179
Pre-trial isolation is largely unnecessary. As is true of solitary confinement imposed in order to avert violence by prisoners who have already been convicted, much of the danger of violence and general disorder that pre-trial isolation supposedly addresses can be tackled more effectively by providing mental health resources and proactively addressing systemic problems such as overcrowding, rather than reacting to the violence fomented by substandard prison conditions.180 Prison officials have struggled to justify pre-trial isolation, with the most plausible justifications stemming from the need to control inmates who pose additional risks for significant disturbances, disorder, or violence while detained and awaiting trial.181 Other reasons for the continued use of the practice mainly stem from its ability to coerce confessions and intimidate suspects into cooperating with law enforcement after they have been detained and charged.182
Scientifically-developed interrogation practices, together with competent evidence-gathering and analysis of evidence by law enforcement, make pre-trial solitary confinement’s coercive effects on suspects largely unnecessary. In addition, pre-trial solitary confinement is a type of non-disciplinary solitary confinement especially suited for international involvement because its inherently transitory and temporary nature makes it difficult for individuals to bring complaints challenging their conditions of confinement.183 Prisoners who are subject to pre-trial solitary confinement may not be in solitary confinement long enough to make it worth the time and money to bring a case against prison authorities, and prisoners who are found not guilty after pre-trial solitary confinement may want to avoid further entanglement with the legal system or retaliation by the state following release. This makes international law an important tool because instead of reacting to difficult-to-litigate abuses, it is able to set proactive norms ahead of mistreatment of prisoners. Given that the practice of pre-trial solitary confinement serves to largely intimidate and hurt prisoners who have not yet been convicted of a crime, prison administrators have better tools for accomplishing their goals while also causing less collateral damage to prisoners.
3. Alternative prisoner management techniques eliminate the need for solitary confinement in almost all instances.
Prison officials can take proactive steps to reduce the number of prisoners who warrant placement into non-disciplinary solitary confinement before the problems arise. For example, increased availability of mental health resources for prisoners in the general population greatly decreases the number of mental health crises experienced by prisoners and mitigates the negative effects of prisoners’ mental health problems in the limited data available on effective interventions in prisons and jails.184 A reduced need for acute crisis response would likely contribute to the cost savings resulting from the elimination of solitary confinement. Instituting an effective counseling, medication, and treatment regime for prisoners’ mental health could reduce the number of prisoners sent to solitary confinement for mental health reasons as well as reduce the number of precipitating incidents for solitary confinement, such as fights and disobedience, for which prisoners’ mental health issues are often a contributing factor.185 Proactive measures reduce the expenditures necessitated by solitary confinement, and avoid future negative effects on inmates that necessitate further spending.186
Of course, there are some instances in which solitary confinement for short periods of time is the only way to prevent a large-scale emergency, such as a riot, a prisoner uprising, or a large fight. There is presumably some length of time for which absolute emergency may make solitary confinement an unavoidable action in a prison, with minimal harm to prisoners. So long as the harm falls short of the standards for torture set out in the CAT, the instance of confinement would be allowable. However, this time is likely rather short, due to research indicating harm to prisoners resulting from even short stints of less than a week in solitary confinement.187 Previous studies have indicated that mental harm and psychosis occurred in individuals after two to six days of sensory deprivation.188 As such, an effective upper limit on solitary confinement in a true emergency—such as a prison riot—should be shorter than this threshold for negative mental effects, and no longer than a day or two. While solitary confinement would ideally never be used in correctional facilities, if it is the only option to prevent danger to prisoners’ well-being then its use may be unavoidable for very short periods of time. This Comment does not seek to draw a hard upper limit for solitary confinement—a task better left to administrators in corrections systems—but it is safe to say that in light of the documented effects of solitary confinement, the Special Rapporteur’s fifteen-day limit permits solitary confinement of inmates for a time period long enough to cause mental health problems, and any limit should be no longer than two days.189
The elimination of most non-disciplinary solitary confinement is feasible in situations of large-scale prison disorder and violence, such as riots, because it is not the typical response to these problems. Riots and other kinds of large-scale disorder in prisons are usually addressed with lockdown, not solitary confinement.190 While lockdown is unpleasant for prisoners due to confinement in their cells, prisoners maintain contact with other human beings and are usually not in lockdown for longer than several hours; thus, the harms caused by even extended lockdown fall far short of the harms caused by solitary confinement.191 In truly severe instances, lockdowns can last for several days, though prisoners retain privileges including contact with others and access to personal items.192 Instances of long-term lockdown are rare and are often triggered by underlying problems with prisoner treatment or facility management, with lockdown largely remaining a method for responding to acute threats in well-managed prisons.193 The ability of prison administrators to use lockdown as a tool for managing crises indicates that refraining from solitary confinement would not lead to increased violence and disorder during such crises.
For any prisoners who remain subject to solitary confinement, prison units known as step-down units provide a transition between solitary confinement and complete exposure to the general population, decreasing the negative effects experienced by prisoners who are returned to general population.194 In a typical step-down unit, prisoners are assisted by psychologists and other prison staff as they move from solitary confinement to a transitional housing unit with increased freedoms and responsibilities, before finally reintegrating into general population.195 Well-run step-down units give prisoners the opportunity to work with staff on addressing behavioral and mental health issues in order to prevent another stint in solitary confinement.196 Step-down units may decrease violence and disruption for prisoners who have experienced isolation in solitary confinement, particularly for prisoners subject to administrative segregation and those with severe mental illness.197 Due to their effectiveness at obtaining better results for prisoners and mitigating harmful lingering effects of solitary confinement, step-down units should be used whenever prisoners are held in solitary confinement.
Given the variety of effective prison management practices that can be substituted for the various forms of solitary confinement, prison administrators would not lose a vital administrative tool after a finding that solitary confinement is torture under the CAT. The presence of realistic alternatives makes such a finding more feasible and could improve the day-to-day operations of correctional facilities.
The Committee against Torture’s determinations under the CAT are often taken seriously by countries. For example, Norway reduced its use of pre-trial solitary confinement and eliminated disciplinary solitary confinement in response to individualized findings by the Committee.198 Additionally, the Committee’s individualized recommendations have been taken seriously and led to action in the Netherlands, Sweden, and Portugal, with more limited effects in Denmark and the Czech Republic.199
The CAT is less effective when the Committee is left to enforce it unilaterally, in part because under many circumstances, the Committee can only apply reputational pressure. Given the prominence of the reporting system, adequate enforcement of the reporting process in and of itself can be as powerful as the Committee’s remedies. Public evaluations of states’ conduct and an ongoing blacklist of non-reporting parties create an internationally accessible record of states’ compliance status.200 One issue with this process is that countries may wish to withhold information that they regard as confidential or embarrassing from the Committee. When the Committee uncovered states withholding such information in the past, it responded with strong condemnation and findings of additional violations under the CAT.201 Even with these consequences, it is plausible that countries with especially sensitive or embarrassing information may find it worth the risk to deliberately withhold that information. However, such a calculus may only work in favor of withholding when the practice is exceptionally severe or widespread—instances in which the misconduct may be difficult to hide for long from international observers anyway. Additionally, the Committee has detected past instances of withholding information, ultimately ending in compliance.202
Even with these problems, compliance with the CAT remains, in many ways, desirable for countries because they want to highlight their good behavior to other actors and because normative pressures encourage countries to follow others’ lead in reporting torture.203 These motivators have led to widespread cooperation with the reporting process. A significant proportion of countries with a duty to report under the CAT have met their obligation and submitted documents that have not whitewashed reality, detailing past issues within the country and, of course, highlighting efforts to comply with the treaty and eliminate instances of torture.204 The U.S. has consistently reported ongoing issues and its compliance efforts under the CAT.205
Regional courts, such as the European Court of Human Rights, offer another way to enhance enforcement of the principles behind the CAT. The European Court of Human Rights decides cases under the legal regime of the European Convention on Human Rights, not the CAT, but the Convention addresses many of the same issues. However, some regional bodies, such as the Inter-American Court of Human Rights, have only “sustained application of the Court’s moral force” as an enforcement mechanism, which limits the ways in which they may go beyond the Convention against Torture’s enforcement capacity.206 Like any international legal regime seeking to enforce international obligations within a country’s borders, regional courts have enforcement issues. Despite these issues, the Inter-American Court of Human Rights has shown some promise with enforcement successes that sometimes go beyond remedies suggested by leaders in the region.207
Countries can also individually decide to take their human rights obligations seriously, as seen in Canada when the Supreme Court of British Columbia found extended solitary confinement to be disallowed under the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedom. The court held that solitary confinement for prolonged and indefinite periods (in practice, more than fifteen days) was not permitted under the Charter.208 In part, the decision relied on the “emerging consensus in international law that under certain circumstances solitary confinement can cross the threshold from a legitimate practice into cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment [ ], even torture.”209 While the continued use of solitary confinement indicates that domestic courts left to their own devices do not always outlaw the practice, the Canadian decision shows that sometimes a country’s government can address human rights issues effectively without international intervention.
The CAT imposes a legal regime prohibiting torture based on practices’ effects, severity, and motives, instead of banning specific acts. At present, both disciplinary and long-term solitary confinement are considered torture under the CAT.210 Despite this trend towards recognizing the ways in which the isolation imposed on prisoners in solitary confinement has severe negative effects, the U.N. has declined to find non-disciplinary solitary confinement to be torture in every instance.211 Such a determination would recognize the severe negative effects that non-disciplinary solitary confinement imposes on prisoners subjected to the practice. Non-disciplinary solitary confinement causes great harm to prisoners that is strikingly similar to the harm resulting from disciplinary solitary confinement. When the impermissible motives behind the majority of instances of non-disciplinary solitary confinement are taken into account, the practice runs afoul of the CAT. The various types of non-disciplinary solitary confinement, such as pre-trial isolation, administrative segregation, and protective custody, are used in prison facilities for reasons prohibited under the CAT, including coercion and discrimination. Because corrections systems are acting under color of the state, the harms and motives under the CAT are not just cruel, but torturous Moreover, even if non-disciplinary solitary confinement does not constitute torture under Article 1 of the CAT, the practice can also be curtailed by finding it to be excessively harsh under Article 16.
Classifying non-disciplinary solitary confinement as torture under the CAT would have clear benefits to prisoners, as well as to administrators. Prisoners, especially those with preexisting mental illnesses, would be able to avoid the severe and long-lasting harm caused by solitary confinement, including delusions, increased propensity towards violence, and paranoia. From a policy standpoint, the elimination of non-disciplinary solitary confinement is desirable to administrators because most instances of its use, including protective custody, administrative segregation, and pretrial detention, often result in more harm than benefit to prison order and safety.
Though there are hurdles to the classification of non-disciplinary solitary confinement as torture under the CAT, they would be unlikely to prevent such a determination if the legal and policy consequences were weighed adequately. Most notably, it could be costly for countries that extensively use non-disciplinary solitary confinement to face the prospect that a frequently relied-upon correctional facility management practice is torture. Solitary confinement causes a great number of harmful, long-lasting, and costly effects on prisoners. Beyond the goal of not subjecting citizens to unnecessarily harsh treatment while in prison, it is in the interest of states that want efficient, humane corrections systems to eliminate the use of non-disciplinary solitary confinement. Under the CAT, the international community would be well-served to recognize that non-disciplinary solitary confinement, much like its disciplinary sibling, is an unacceptable practice.
- 1. Anna Conley, Torture in US Jails and Prisons: An Analysis of Solitary Confinement under International Law, 7 Vienna J. on Int’l Const. L. 415, 418–19 (2013).
- 2. Id.
- 3. G.A. Res. 217 (III) A, art. 5, Universal Declaration of Human Rights (Dec. 10, 1948).
- 4. International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights art. 7, Dec. 16, 1966, 6 I.L.M. 368 (1967), 999 U.N.T.S. 171.
- 5. United Nations Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman, or Degrading Treatment or Punishment art. 1, Dec. 10, 1984, 1465 U.N.T.S. 85, S. Treaty Doc. No. 100-20 (1988) [hereinafter CAT]; Michael John Garcia, Cong. Research Serv., RL32438, U.N. Convention Against Torture (CAT): Overview and Application to Interrogation Techniques 1 (2009).
- 6. CAT, supra note 5, at art. 2
- 7. Id.
- 8. U.N. Secretary-General, Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Punishment: Note by the Secretary-General, ¶ 81, U.N. Doc. A/66/268 (Aug. 5, 2011).
- 9. See Tamar R. Birckhead, Children in Isolation: The Solitary Confinement of Youth, 50 Wake Forest L. Rev. 1, 3 n. 18 (2015) (providing an extensive list of terms used to describe solitary confinement in prisons).
- 10. Jean Casella & Sal Rodriguez, What is Solitary Confinement?, The Guardian (Apr. 27, 2016), http://perma.cc/HQM8-TXXS (“Few prison systems use the term ‘solitary confinement,’ instead referring to prison ‘segregation’ or placement in ‘restrictive housing.’”). This article, like much of the literature on solitary confinement, defines the practice as isolation for over 22 hours a day.
- 11. Redacted Expert Report of Craig Haney at para. ¶ 11, Ashker v. Brown, No. 4: 09 CV 05796, 2018 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 53805 (N.D. Cal. 2015) [hereinafter Haney].
- 12. Shira E. Gordon, Solitary Confinement, Public Safety, and Recidivism, 47 U. Mich. J. L. Reform 495, 496 (2014).
- 13. The term accurately encompasses all types of solitary confinement that are for non-punitive purposes, as opposed to terms such as “administrative segregation,” which fail to include other forms of the practice because, for example, administrative segregation excludes pre-trial solitary confinement and protective custody in some prison systems. See Kirsten Weir, Alone, in ‘the hole’, 43 Monitor on Psychol. 54, 54 (2012). Non-disciplinary solitary confinement is not a term of art, but it is the most straightforward term that also captures all the varieties of solitary confinement that exist for reasons other than punishment.
- 14. CAT, supra note 5, at art. 2, 13–14.
- 15. Id. at art. 4.
- 16. Id. at art. 17.
- 17. Id. at art. 19.
- 18. Id. at art. 20.
- 19. Id. at art. 21–22. These claims may be brought by both individuals and states. Id.
- 20. Id. at art. 24.
- 21. Special Rapporteur on Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment, Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Civil Rights, http://perma.cc/XX7W-ZZ5A (last visited Jan. 28, 2018).
- 22. Id.
- 23. CAT, supra note 5, at art. 1.
- 24. Id.
- 25. Id.
- 26. Id.
- 27. Id.
- 28. See Sharon Shalev, Solitary Confinement: The View from Europe, 4 Can. J. Hum. Rts. 143, 144, 150, 159 (2015) (describing the proliferation of American “isolation prisons, where upwards of 25,000 human beings are confined in isolation from each other,” as well as the widespread use of solitary confinement in purpose-built housing units in Europe).
- 29. U.N. Secretary-General, Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Punishment: Note by the Secretary-General, supra note 8, at ¶¶ 79, 81.
- 30. Id. at ¶ 88.
- 31. Id. (“In the opinion of the Special Rapporteur, prolonged solitary confinement, in excess of 15 days, should be subject to an absolute prohibition.”).
- 32. Id. at ¶ 80.
- 33. G.A. Res. 70/175, U.N. Doc. A/Res/70/175, United Nations Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners (Dec. 17, 2015) [hereinafter the Mandela Rules].
- 34. Id. at 14.
- 35. Alison Shames et al., Solitary Confinement: Common Misconceptions and Emerging Safe Alternatives, in Vera Inst. of Just. Ctr. on Sent’g & Corrections 14 (2015).
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. Mo., s. to Ga., Ala., and Ark. Apr.-June.
Gleason, Henry A. & Cronquist, Arthur J. 1991. Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. lxxv + 910 pp.
©The New York Botanical Garden. All rights reserved. Used by permission.
Citation: The vPlants Project. vPlants: A Virtual Herbarium of the Chicago Region. http://www.vplants.org
Copyright © 2001–2009 The vPlants Project, All Rights Reserved.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>勃列日涅夫是怎样悄无声息的将苏联再次带回到“斯大林时代”的呢
赫鲁晓夫上台后，对斯大林进行了全面的否定，虽然赫鲁晓夫所主导的改革总是在兜圈子，没能完全脱离斯大林模式，但在其主政的近十年时间里，斯大林在苏联的领袖地位已经不复存在了。然而，在勃列日涅夫主政后，他没有进行任何大动作，苏联社会在一种极其平稳的状态下，就再次回到了“斯大林时代”，斯大林再次走上至高无上的神坛。那么，勃列日涅夫是怎样悄无声息的将苏联再次带回到“斯大林时代”的呢?
苏联存在的时间虽然只有69年时间，但在意识形态的斗争领域却是充满的了无限的血腥。列宁时期，苏维埃政府对孟什维克就展现出了铁腕的一面;斯大林主导的30年代大肃反运动，更是人类历史上都罕见的血腥运动;赫鲁晓夫上台初期，在与贝利亚、马林科夫，甚至是与朱可夫的政治斗争中也充满了血雨腥风;然而，当我们观察勃列日涅夫对赫鲁晓夫改革的“纠正”时，却发现，过程要平稳的多。
究其原因，首先，勃列日涅夫在处理赫鲁晓夫余党，或者说一些反斯大林主义立场的官员时，他极少采用逮捕和判刑等极端手段，最严厉的做法就是革职或者开除党籍。不过，勃列日涅夫更喜欢的方式就是用一些巧妙的手段搞臭反对派，比如通过文人的笔杆子公开诋毁反对派，有时候甚至会把反对派送进精神病院;对于一些顽固者，勃列日涅夫还会剥夺他们的苏联国籍，然后将其驱逐出境。
在击败反对派后，如何恢复斯大林的名誉呢?勃列日涅夫依然没有采取激进的做法，他没有突然间就通过《真理报》等官媒发布洗白斯大林的文章，而是借由卫国战争胜利20周年庆典，来循序渐进的把斯大林再次请上神坛。他命令手下撰写了各种有关二战的回忆录，在其中，要“实事求是”的把斯大林在二战中的功绩表露出来，这样一来，斯大林的形象就渐渐恢复了，苏联人民再次回忆起这为领袖当年在保卫苏联的战争中做出的卓越贡献。但是，对于斯大林在二战前后犯的一些错误，勃列日涅夫却要求必须略去。比如朱可夫回忆录中关于1937年斯大林对红军高级指挥人员实行镇压的一章，就被“和谐”掉了。
除了上述两种主要措施，勃列日涅夫还通过控制舆论、思想;加强秘密警察监控;鼓励告密行为增强对苏联人民意识形态的控制。于是，在没有太多大张旗鼓运动的情况下，勃列日涅夫就把苏联带回到了斯大林时代。
不过，除了勃列日涅夫巧妙的政治手段，苏联在勃列日涅夫时期的倒退，本质上还是应该“归功于”斯大林。斯大林在苏联建立的这种体制，具有太强的生命力，一旦最高领导人不进行压制，苏联的社会就会慢慢再回复原状，一切使社会实现非斯大林主义化的努力都会白费。简单来说，在斯大林的体制下，培养的都是适应于这个体制的官员，他们离开了这个体制就会一无是处，而在这个体制下，他们却会得到无尽的特权。于是，一旦上面的压力消失了，这些人便会推动着苏联的社会再次回到斯大林的体制之下。也就是因为这样，苏联社会就如同一个不倒翁一般，顽强的阻断了一切改革的希望。
杭州做阴道紧缩医院哪家好
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杭州做无痛人流一般要多少钱
头突然特别痛是怎么回事？<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>15 1Il diciottesimo anno del regno di Geroboamo, figliuolo di Nebat, Abijam cominciò a regnare sopra iuda. 2Regnò tre anni in Gerusalemme. Sua madre si chiamava Maaca, figliuola di Abishalom. 3Egli sabbandonò a tutti i peccati che suo padre avea commessi prima di lui, e il suo cuore non fu tutto quanto per lEterno, lIddio suo, comera stato il cuore di Davide suo padre. 4Nondimeno, per amor di Davide, lEterno, il suo Dio, gli lasciò una lampada a Gerusalemme, stabilendo dopo di lui il suo figliuolo, e lasciando sussistere Gerusalemme; 5perché Davide avea fatto ciò chè giusto agli occhi dellEterno, e non si era scostato in nulla dai suoi comandamenti per tutto il tempo della sua vita, salvo nel fatto di Uria, lo Hitteo. 6Or fra Roboamo e Geroboamo vi fu guerra, finché Roboamo visse. 7Il resto delle azioni di Abijam e tutto quello chei fece, sta scritto nel libro delle Cronache dei re di iuda. E vi fu guerra fra Abijam e Geroboamo. 8E Abijam saddormentò coi suoi padri, e fu sepolto nella città di Davide; ed Asa, suo figliuolo, regnò in luogo suo. 9Lanno ventesimo del regno di Geroboamo, re dIsraele, Asa cominciò a regnare sopra Giuda. 10Regnò quarantun anni in Gerusalemme. Sua madre si chiamava Maaca, figliuola dAbishalom. 11Asa fece ciò chè giusto agli occhi dellEterno, come avea fatto Davide suo padre, 12tolse via dal paese quelli che si prostituivano, fece sparire tutti glidoli che i suoi padri aveano fatti, 13e destituì pure dalla dignità di regina sua madre Maaca, perchessa avea rizzato unimmagine ad starte; Asa abbatté limmagine, e la bruciò presso al torrente Kidron. 14Nondimeno, gli alti luoghi non furono eliminati; quantunque il cuore dAsa fosse tutto quanto per lEterno, durante lintera sua vita. 15Egli fece portare nella casa dellEterno le cose che suo padre avea consacrate, e quelle che avea consacrate egli stesso: argento, oro, vasi. 16E ci fu guerra fra Asa e Baasa, re dIsraele, tutto il tempo della lor vita. 17Baasa, re dIsraele, salì contro Giuda, ed edificò Rama, per impedire che alcuno andasse e venisse dalla parte di Asa, re di Giuda. 18Allora Asa prese tutto largento e loro chera rimasto nei tesori della casa dellEterno, prese i tesori della casa del re, e mise tutto in mano dei suoi servi, che mandò a Ben-Hadad, figliuolo di Tabrimmon, figliuolo di Hezion, re di Siria, che abitava a Damasco, per dirgli: 19"Siavi alleanza fra me e te, come vi fu fra il padre mio e il padre tuo. Ecco, io ti mando in dono dellargento e delloro; va, rompi la tua alleanza con Baasa, re dIsraele, ondegli si ritiri da me". 20Ben-Hadad diè ascolto al re Asa; mandò i capi del suo esercito contro le città dIsraele ed espugnò jon, Dan, Abel-Beth-Maaca, tutta la contrada di Kinneroth con tutto il paese di Neftali. 21E quando Baasa ebbe udito questo, cessò di edificare Rama, e rimase a Tirtsa. 22Allora il re Asa convocò tutti que di Giuda, senza eccettuarne alcuno; e quelli portaron via le pietre e il legname di cui Baasa sera servito per la costruzione di Rama; e con essi il re Asa edificò Gheba di Beniamino, e Mitspa. 23Il resto di tutte le azioni di Asa, tutte le sue prodezze, tutto quello chei fece e le città che edificò, si trova scritto nel libro delle Cronache dei re di Giuda. Ma, nella sua vecchiaia, egli patì di male ai piedi. 24E Asa si addormentò coi suoi padri, e fu sepolto con essi nella città di Davide, suo padre; e Giosafat, suo figliuolo, regnò in luogo suo. 25Nadab, figliuolo di Geroboamo, cominciò a regnare sopra Israele il secondo anno di Asa, re di Giuda; regnò sopra Israele due anni. 26E fece ciò chè male agli occhi dellEterno, e seguì le tracce di suo padre e il peccato nel quale aveva indotto Israele. 27Baasa, figliuolo di Ahija, della casa dIssacar, cospirò contro di lui, e lo uccise a Ghibbethon, che apparteneva ai Filistei, mentre Nadab e tutto Israele assediavano Ghibbethon. 28Baasa luccise lanno terzo di Asa, re di Giuda, e regnò in luogo suo. 29E, non appena fu re, sterminò tutta la casa di Geroboamo; non risparmiò anima viva di quella casa, ma la distrusse interamente, secondo la parola che lEterno avea pronunziata, per bocca del suo servo Ahija lo Scilonita, 30a motivo de peccati che Geroboamo avea commessi e fatti commettere a Israele, quando avea provocato ad ira lIddio dIsraele. 31Il resto delle azioni di Nadab e tutto quello che fece, non sono cose scritte nel libro delle Cronache dei re dIsraele? 32E ci fu guerra fra Asa e Baasa, re dIsraele, tutto il tempo della loro vita. 33Lanno terzo di Asa, re di Giuda, Baasa, figliuolo di Ahija, cominciò a regnare su tutto Israele. Stava a irtsa, e regnò ventiquattro anni. 34Fece quel chè male agli occhi dellEterno; e seguì le vie di Geroboamo e il peccato che questi avea fatto commettere a Israele.
Versione Italiana Riveduta (1990) / Copyright (c) 1990 Societa Biblica Britiannica & Forestriera About<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>John Smith's early photos
The photo below often appears in articles on the history of the University of Sydney. It was taken in the late 1850s, as the Main Building neared completion. On the left, a stonemason is carving a gargoyle in the shape of a giant frog. You could easily miss the real frog, the one he is using as a model, draped over the nose of another gargoyle (circled). John Smith is seen on the right, watch in hand, timing the exposure, while an assistant, off camera, uncaps and caps the lens.
The University had a modest beginning in 1852. The three foundation professors were the only academic staff, in a single Faculty (Arts) and in the first year they taught a total of 24 matriculated students, all male. The Act of 1850 hadn't banned women but they were not exactly encouraged to enrol for Matriculation. In this matter, John Smith, foundation Professor of Chemistry and Experimental Philosophy (Physics), was well ahead of his time. From the start, he gave public lectures on chemistry which were "open to ladies as well as gentlemen"; and 30 years later he would be prominent in the push to admit women to the University.
Smith's contributions to the University and the Colony were the subject of fascinating lectures given by Bob Hunter and Richard Collins during celebrations to mark 150 years since the University's Inauguration. Born the son of a blacksmith in 1821, Smith was a product of Scotland's famously classless education system. At the age of 30, he was appointed to the Sydney Chair and, for over 30 years, he contributed professionally to the life of the Colony, especially in the fields of education and water supply. He was, at various times, President of the Council of Education, Chairman of a Royal Commission into the supply of water to Sydney, a Trustee of the Australian Museum, a Member of the Legislative Council and a Director and Chairman of the AMP Society at a time when that organisation's main concern appears to have been providing social security.
In his spare time, Smith was a pioneer of exceptional skill in the new art and science of photography. Mostly, he used the wet collodion process in which a collodion emulsion carrying the light-sensitive silver salts was spread on a glass plate just before the photo was taken. Exposure times were typically half a minute or more and occasionally someone moved (photo above).
We think of the people at this time as a sombre lot and that is how they usually look in photos. But the slowness of the photographic plates was at least partly to blame. Try holding a smile for 30 seconds.
In the photo above, Smith, again timing the exposure, stands outside the doorway to the Northern Vestibule next to the Great Hall. Carved on the ornate lintel is a Latin motto which reads voluntas arcus, facta sagittae ("The will is the bow, the deeds are the arrows"). Today, the doorway is still in place but not the motto. This was the motto of John Woolley, the University's first Principal and Classics Professor. It is said to have been chiselled off at the direction of Woolley's successor, Charles Badham, when he tired of constantly being asked to translate and explain it.
In 1881, the University Senate approved the admission of women and, the following year, the establishment of three more Faculties (Medicine, Law and Science). Both moves had been fiercely resisted. Arguing against a Science Faculty, Badham conceded that "we shall want cooks, chemists and geologists" and that "some vulgar men decidedly prefer chemistry to Greek". But, he said, "the curriculum which will best repay the Colony … belongs more or less directly to the Classical Chair. The object of education is to teach men and women to think". By then, Smith's Chair had been renamed the Chair of Experimental Physics and responsibility for Chemistry formally handed over to Archibald Liversidge.
Smith died in 1885 and, in time, even the memory of his photographs was lost. In 1955, however, Professor Le Fèvre came across two plate negatives and several prints during a clean-up of his office in the old Chemistry (now Pharmacy) Building. He correctly guessed their origin and gave them to the University Archivist, David Macmillan. Responding to an article about the find in the Sydney Morning Herald, two students contacted Macmillan to say they had seen a box of glass plates in the basement under the stage in the Wallace and many of these turned out to be Smith's. Most of the plates carried pairs of images, for stereoscopic viewing, and having two versions of each photo made restoration and the production of quality prints a good deal easier.
Without in any way underestimating Smith's achievements during a long and active professional life, it is fair to say that he is best remembered today for the photographs. There are 400 glass negatives in the Smith Collection, showing not only stages in the building of Sydney University but everyday scenes as well, of family groups in their homes and on bush and harbourside picnics. These photos are a time machine, taking us back to an Australia of crinoline dresses and stove-pipe hats.
The Le Fèvres
R.J.W. Le Fèvre, seen here speaking at the opening of the present Chemistry Building in June 1960, was Head of School at Sydney University from 1946 to 1970. He and his wife, Cathie, herself a DSc, were a formidable team, honoured in the profession for their application of physical measurements, in particular of electrically induced double refraction (the Kerr effect), to the study of molecular structure and conformation.
Both the Le Fèvres had wide interests. Cathie was a talented artist and, in later years, found herself involved
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محلی مناسب برای مسابقات و همچنین استفاده خانواده ها از این فضای برای بالابردن میزان سلامتی و حفظ نشاط و شادابی کارگران و خانواده های ایشان می باشد.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>然而，机器人的最重要的核心则是机器人的大脑，一般采用计算机控制系统（PC机、嵌入式计算机系统等），简单的可采用单片机系统。机器人的大脑由集成电路组成，主要负责信息处理，发布指令的功能，支配着整个机器人机体的正常运作。
机器人大脑的深度学习
可通过计算机系统实现人机对话的交互型机器人的大脑表现了更高一些的智力，表现在于它不仅具有机器人在一般情况下的决策能力，更具有与外界交换信息模拟人类对话的能力。
人会捕捉他人的动作并加以记忆，并以观察与模仿再次重现该动作。同时，人也会在此过程中理解对方的动作意图，进行“学习”这项高级的精神活动。“拟人化”就是将此过程归纳并泛化，以便于让人理解非人者的动作行为。拟人化行为通过将非人的东西视为人类，记忆并解析其行为，然后再以模仿的方式重现其特征并传达给其他人。
荷兰乌得勒支大学医学中心神经学家马特因·范登赫费尔发现，较聪明的大脑神经元之间似乎存在更多高效网络———换句话说，在大脑不同区域之间传递信息所需的步骤较少。一个族群的智商差异大约有1/3 是由此决定的。机器人自主学习的过程也就是在不断提高其神经网络的效率的过程。
近年来“深度学习”逐渐成为机器学习研究中的一个新的领域，其动机在于建立、模拟人脑进行分析学习的神经网络，模仿人脑的机制来识别图像、声音和文本等数据。
在许多情形中深度为2的神经网络就足够表示任何一个带有给定目标精度的函数。但是其代价是图中所需要的节点数(比如计算和参数数量)可能变的非常大。理论结果证实那些事实上所需要的节点数随着输入的大小指数增长的函数族是存在的。
我们可以将深度架构看做一种因子分解。大部分随机选择的函数不能被有效地表示，无论是用深的或者浅的架构。但是许多能够有效地被深度架构表示的却不能被用浅的架构高效表示。
大脑有一个深度架构。例如，视觉皮质得到了很好的研究，并显示出一系列的区域，在每一个这种区域中包含一个输入的表示和从一个到另一个的信号流。这个特征层次的每一层表示在一个不同的抽象层上的输入，并在层次的更上层有着更多的抽象特征，他们根据低层特征定义。
深度学习认知过程逐层进行，逐步抽象。在实际中的例证是很常见的，如人类层次化地组织思想和概念；人类首先学习简单的概念，然后用他们去表示更抽象的；工程师将任务分解成多个抽象层次去处理。
目前研究者们正在将深度学习用于机器人对语言的情绪识别，在这之前应用最广的情绪分析是“词袋（bag of wodrds）”模型，并没有将词序列入考虑范围。词袋中的词汇被标记为正面或负面的，通过计数来评估整个句子或段落的含义是正面还是负面。将词汇单独分析的方法并不准确，必须将其放入到越来越大的结构中。研究者抽取了12000个句子，并将其粗略分割为214000个词组，每个词组被标记为负面、中立或正面（数字表示），计算机科学家称这些数字化的表述为“特征表示”，类似于人脑理解概念和定义的方式。如何分析和组织这些被标记的数据才是NaSent算法的核心。
以下通过对两个句子的分析来理解这个算法： Unlike the surreal Leon, this movie is weird but likeable.
Unlike the surreal but likeable Leon, this movie is weird.
这两个句子中使用的词汇完全相同，“词袋”模型分析显然不会得到正确的结果。NaSent算法首先会为每个句子构造文法树，如下图所示：
如上图所示“surreal but likeable Leon”是一个正面词组，但“this movie is weird”是负面的，整个句子得到的分析结果也是负面的。
相比之前模型80%的准确率，NaSent的准确率达到了85%。
机器人时代的最强大脑会由这些公司打造吗?
人工智能技术在物联网、机器人时代会产生什么样的影响，哪些公司会因此受益？
1、AI会成为物联网时代的基础设施，万物互联迈向万物智能
万物互联迈向万物智能，分为三个阶段实现：
1）、硬件联网：硬件接入互联网，获取云端信息，远程操控，互通互联
2）、硬件智能交互：人可以与硬件直接通过语言交流，通过语言获取各种服务
3）、硬件智能化：硬件具备学习、感知、决策的能力，会了解主人的性格、情绪和习惯，具备云端大脑，具有决策能力，能够更好的为主人服务
在此过程中，人工智能技术将作为一种基础设施推动智能硬件从联网进化为智慧，“机器”进化为“机器人”，最终推动万物互联迈向万物智能时代。
2、语音交互技术成为物联网时代核心管网，最重要的交互方式之一
从技术层面上讲，人工智能技术主要包括：语音识别、自然语言处理、计算机视觉；人工智能成为物联网时代最重要的基础设施之一，相关核心技术就是组成基础设施的核心管网。
PC时代最重要的交互方式是键盘，智能机时代最重要的交互方式是触屏，物联网（机器人）时代，语音交互将成为最重要的交互方式之一。这意味着未来整个机器人生态链，从上游的芯片、方案到终端产品研发，从系统底层机器人OS，到上层UI，应用开发，数据存储，内容呈现等等从都必须围绕语音交互这种新的交互方式。无疑，掌握语音交互核心技术（唤醒、远距离语音识别、语义理解等）的平台级公司未来会发挥巨大的价值。
目前，语音交互技术在一些领域已成为刚需，市场规模呈现爆发式增长态势，总起来有几条较为清晰的脉络：
1） 语音交互技术的应用从下游终端往上游方案商、芯片走，形成软硬一体化解决方案，出货量数量级倍增。
2） 从车载、智能家居（音频）、玩具等垂直领域场景率先爆发，出货量达百万级别，语音交互成为标配。
3） 语义识别需求爆发，与内容（场景）紧密结合
语音识别需求爆发，语义识别（自然语言理解）需求随之爆发。语音识别是将一段音频变成文本，但这段文本是什么意思，就需要进行语义解析。当智能硬件（机器人）“能听会说”之后，更重要也更难的是让其和人一样学会“理解”和“思考”，而且这种“理解”和“思考”一定要与特定领域和场景相结合。 决定人和人之间差别的是“大脑”，对智能硬件也是如此。
目前语音技术的应用场景和产品还不够多，当未来亿万家庭中的数十亿设备以语音交互作为主流交互方式，这条管道像太平洋那么粗时，人工智能时代就真正来临了。
3、国内现状
国内语音技术产业界分为三股势力（不考虑BAT等巨头）：
1）、做语音助手起家：聚熵智能、图灵、出门问问
聚熵智能：推出国内第一个中文siri产品—智能360，全球第一个推出Home AI智能产品-小智超级音箱，比亚马逊Echo早半年，2015年推出小智管家机器人和Home AI云平台，后者让智能设备具备从感知到认知的能力，关键能力包含：音乐，智能设备互联互通，生活服务以及机器深度学习等，想打造机器人时代的“Google”。
图灵（虫洞）：推出虫洞语音助手，虫洞语义云，图灵机器人等产品，图灵机器人是一款机器人大脑，可为智能化软硬件产品提供中文语义分析、自然语言对话、深度问答等人工智能技术服务。
出门问问：推出语音助手—出门问问，中文语音智能交互手表Ticwatch，以及中文语音交互智能手表操作系统Ticwear，支持中文语音交互，周边热点查询、语音打车等多样本地服务，前几天刚推出针对车载领域的—开车问问。
2）做语音识别起家：讯飞、云知声、思必驰
讯飞：国内语音巨头，既做语音技术提供方（讯飞语音云开放平台），也提供软硬一体化方案，也开发产品（讯飞语点、开心熊宝、叮咚音箱等）
云知声，思必驰：做语音技术提供方，同时提供软硬一体化方案（车载、智能家居、机器人领域）。
3）、巨头前人工智能负责人创办企业：地平线机器人、杭州灵伴科技有限公司
地平线机器人：前百度深度学习研究院创始人余凯2015年8月创立，推出面向自动驾驶的”雨果“平台，面向智能家居的”安徒生“平台，号称要做“机器人时代的英特尔”，使“智能硬件”变“机器人”。
杭州灵伴科技有限公司：前阿里M实验室负责人Misa 创办，团队实力强劲产品：语音陪伴机器人rokid，号称要做“机器人时代的苹果”。
4、小结
1） 人工智能技术拐点临近，它的影响将无所不在，加速推动万物互联迈向万物智能。
2） 未来所有的智能硬件，都将进化为“机器人”，拥有“大脑“和”智慧“。
3） 语音交互成为智能硬件（机器人）时代最重要的交互方式，并将深刻影响产业变革。
4） 语义识别需求爆发，语义识别的平台级公司会有巨大的价值。中文语音识别对国外巨头而言难度不大，但由于语言文化壁垒，针对中文语义解析，必然是中国企业做的最好。
5） 未来的AI之王必然属于创业公司，也许机器人时代的“最强大脑”将诞生在他们中间，但巨头的影响无处不在。以上列的三股势力，几乎每家背后都有巨头声影。
人工智能领域的专家或机器人生态的构建者将胜出
● 国内服务机器人市场鱼龙混杂，当下机器人概念火热，很多简单的机械结构或组合也号称是机器人厂商，如“Walking Pad”、仅会运动的机械玩具等，此类并不能称为真正的机器人。机器人的“大脑”将决定其功效和等级。
● 此外，机器人的发展亦不能闭门造车。硬件厂商应在可行范围内开放自己的底层，以连接更多设备，纳入更多开发者丰富其系统和应用，形成生态。
● 值得关注的公司类型如机器人相关的基础硬件升级、人工智能有突破的厂商、功能型服务机器人、娱乐/教育型机器人。
文章素材图片来源网络，由机器人2025编辑部编辑<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>網民去年11月11日在全港發起示威，一名21歲女大學生在觀塘被警方追截時被搜出六角匙及索帶，被控一項「管有適合作非法用途的工具並意圖作非法用途使用罪」，今於（23日）觀塘裁判法院裁決。被告不認罪受審，裁判官頒下裁決指出，雖然被告裝束、持有物品及反應均自招嫌疑，但控方無法證明被告管有涉案物品作非法用途，裁定她脫罪。
被告梁倩珩（21歲）否認一項「管有適合作非法用途的工具並意圖作非法用途使用罪」，即否認去年11月11日在觀塘道管有8條六角匙及一包索帶。
裁判官梁少玲裁決時表示，被告面對有關控罪的「非法用途」，乃「侵入住宅」、「傷害人身」、「束縛人身」3方面之其中一項，惟考慮案中所有證供，法庭僅認為被告有意圖築路障，但案發地點沒有需利用涉案物品所築成的路障，控方無法證明被告行為屬以上3項「非法用途」之中，故裁定她脫罪。
辯方有訟費申請，惟裁判官指被告案發裝束、持有物品及反應均自招嫌疑，故拒絕其申請。<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Mekanik stres çarkına teknoloji monte edilince ilk patlama haberi ABD’den geldi.
ABD'li Kimberly Allums, çocuğu için Çin malı stres çarkı satın aldı. İçinde bir mini batarya olan ve Bluetooth sistemi ile cepten çalıştırılan bir stres çarkı 55 dakikalık şarjın sonunda patladı.
Patlama, şans eseri çocuğunun yanında bulunan annenin seri müdahalesiyle önemli bir tehlike olmadan atlatıldı. Olay sonrası açıklama gerçekleşen Allums, evde bulunmasaydı durumun çok daha kötü sonuçlanabileceğine dikkat çekti.
İLK PATLAMA VAKASI DEĞİL
Allums da böylece ilk stres çarkı mağduru olarak tarihe geçti. Benzer bir vaka yine ABD'nin Michigan kentinde de meydana geldi.
Stres çarkını bebek izleme monitörünün şarj aletine takan Michelle Carr, 30 dakika sonra kısa bir zaman içerisinde alevlerle karşılaşmıştı.
STRES ÇARKI ZARARLI MI?
Amerika Birleşik Devletleri'ndeki bazı eyaletler, İngiltere ve Birleşik Arap Emirlikleri'nde çocukların dikkatinin dağılmasına yol açtığı nedeniyle stres çarkı kullanımı yasaklarken, uzmanlar da uyarılarda bulunmuştu.
Son zamanlarda özellikle çocuklar arasında yaygın olarak kullanılan "stres çarkı"nın, dikkat dağınıklığına ve bağımlılığa yol açabileceği ifade ediliyor.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>‘Jellybots’ offer hope for study of fragile coral reefs
Image credit: Dreamstime
Soft, jellyfish-like robots that can fit through holes smaller than their bodies have been developed by scientists from Florida Atlantic University.
Their creators believe they could act as “guardians of the oceans” and can monitor fragile coral reefs without causing any damage.
The robots move through their surroundings using hydraulic-powered tentacles and have already been tested squeezing through holes cut in an acrylic-glass plate.
“Studying and monitoring fragile environments, such as coral reefs, has always been challenging for marine researchers. Soft robots have great potential to help with this,” said Dr Erik Engeberg, one of the robot’s inventors.
“Biomimetic soft robots based on fish and other marine animals have gained popularity in the research community in the last few years. Jellyfish are excellent candidates because they are very efficient swimmers.
“Their propulsive performance is due to the shape of their bodies, which can produce a combination of vortex, jet propulsion, rowing, and suction-based locomotion.”
The design of the jellybot is based on the shape of the moon jellyfish (Aurelia aurita) during the larval stage of its lifecycle.
To allow the robot to swim and steer the team used a hydraulic system driven by two impeller pumps.
Pumped water from the surrounding environment is used to inflate the jellybot’s eight silicone rubber tentacles to produce a swimming stroke.
When the pumps are not powered, the tentacles’ natural elasticity pushes the water back out.
Engeberg said: “A main application of the robot is exploring and monitoring delicate ecosystems, so we chose soft hydraulic network actuators to prevent inadvertent damage.
“Additionally, live jellyfish have neutral buoyancy. To mimic this, we used water to inflate the hydraulic network actuators while swimming.”
Five jellybots with varying levels of hardness were produced for the tests using 3D printing techniques
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1993;Tomasello,1995, as cited in shaffer,et al.,2002,p.362).
The main theorist associated with interactionist theory is Lev Vygotsky.Interactionists
focus on Vygotsky's model of collaborative learning ( Shaffer,et al.,2002). Collaborative learning is the idea that conversations
with older people can help children both cognitively and linguistically ( Shaffer,et.al,2002).<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>14 Dec 2020
Thoughts from Iain Skinner BSc(Hons) MRICS, principal of Skinner Holden Property Advisors.
"The concept of Green Belt in England was introduced around London in 1938 and extended to other cities from 1955. 15 towns and cities now have a green belt policy to prevent urban sprawl. They are: Newcastle Upon Tyne, York, Leeds, Manchester, Sheffield, Liverpool, Nottingham, Stoke on Trent, Birmingham & Coventry, Cambridge, London, Oxford, Bristol & Bath and Bournemouth. They cover about 13% of the area of England.
The Green Belts have five purposes:
• to check the unrestricted sprawl of large built-up areas
• to prevent neighbouring towns merging into one another
• to assist in safeguarding the countryside from encroachment
• to preserve the setting and special character of historic towns
• to assist in urban regeneration, by encouraging the recycling of derelict and other urban land
Unlike National Parks or Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty, the landscape quality of the Green Belt is not a factor in its designation. Local authorities should plan positively to enhance the beneficial use of the Green Belt, such as looking for opportunities to provide access, outdoor sports & recreation; to retain and enhance landscapes and biodiversity; or to improve damaged and derelict land.
Generally new buildings are deemed to be inappropriate in the Green Belt. However, there are exceptions. These are:
• Buildings for agriculture & forestry.
• Facilities for outdoor sport, recreation and for cemeteries.
• Extension or alterations to existing buildings.
• Replacement of existing buildings.
• Limited infilling in villages and limited affordable housing.
• Limited infilling or redevelopment of previously developed sites (brownfield land), whether redundant or still used.
Other development may also be appropriate in the Green Belt, such as mineral extraction, engineering operations, transport infrastructure, the re-use of buildings of substantial and permanent construction and development under a Community Right to Build Order.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>How Sugar and Fat Feed Emotional Eating
In times of need, most of seek solace in a slice of pizza, or can’t wait to get our hands on some good ole’ fashioned sweets. But when it comes to emotional eating, how do these foods loaded with sugar and fat affect our emotional state? What actually causes us to crave these types of foods when we are depressed or stressed out?
“When it comes to our diet, sugar and fat seem to help us cope with intense periods of high stress,” says Tessa Prior-Pullins, one of the lead dietitians for BistroMD. “Even though these types of foods seem to calm our nerves, there is no definite scientific reason as to why we turn to these foods for comfort.”
In a new study conducted by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, however, there appears to be a direct link between hormones in our stomach, communicating the need for sugar and fat to our brains.
“Up until this point, most research about emotional eating has been focused on the experience of eating—tastes, smells, and textures,” says Tessa. “This study is unique because the experience of eating food is eliminated entirely. Volunteers of the study were actually fed through an unmarked stomach tube.”
So, what exactly did this new study conclude about emotional eating, and how do cravings for sugar and fat fill an emotional void? Our expert explains.
All in Your Head?
“Even in this type of artificial setting, the volunteers negative emotions of sadness and anxiety seemed to dissipate when they were fed certain ‘junk’ foods,” says Tessa. “The results seemed to prove that the volunteers were more upbeat when they were full with foods containing saturated fat.”
The results of this study are the first to show that emotional eating may operate on a biological as well as psychological level. Instead of the stereotypical notion that emotional eating is ‘all in your head’ the results of this study may prove otherwise.
This study may actually be one of the few to prove that the effect of food on your mood may be related to biology.
Is Your Stomach Emotional Too?
Most of us would think that our stomachs are emotional based on the noises they make sometimes, but what if this was actually the case?
“This study actually reveals that hormones in our stomach could contribute to our cravings for high sugar and fat foods,” says Tessa. “This is especially true during high periods of emotional stress. This could help explain why so many of us have those uncontrollable cravings for certain foods in tough times.”
Researchers at the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases also believe this is one of the contributing factors to the rapidly rising obesity rates across the nation.
“This signal sent from our stomachs to our brains could indicate why it is so difficult for us to avoid food cravings in such stressful times,” says Tessa. “Evolution has actually made every aspect of eating more enjoyable for us—from the taste, to the sight, and even the sound. During stressful times, this can actually cause our stomachs to crave more of a certain food, signaling to our brains that it's time to eat.”
Divide and Conquer?
Even though foods high in sugar and fat tend to send us into an emotional eating frenzy, there are steps and measures you can take to avoid succumbing to your food desires.
“Contrary to popular belief, there are healthy foods out there that can fill your emotional void for junk food,” says Tessa. “Foods high in antioxidants—like strawberries—have shown to have a significant calming effect on both stress levels and feelings of anxiety.”
To conquer your food cravings, having a healthy mind set is especially important. Practicing techniques like yoga, and even just exercising on a daily basis can prevent your mind from desiring unhealthy foods. This can then cause your stomach to crave healthier options.
“Eating a well-balanced diet with a proper combination of protein, carbohydrates and healthy fats can help boost your mood significantly,” says Tessa. “Salmon, for example, contains omega-3 fatty acids, which have shown to improve mood, as well as providing significant boosts in energy levels.”
Whatever the study, emotional eating can be conquered just by making a significant effort to make better choices.
For more tips from BistroMD’s team of experts, please visit our healthy facts section for more information.
Next Article: Healthy Corner
Pedal Your Way to a Better Body<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Preparing Students for Entrepreneurship
Increasingly, many engineering students plan to pursue entrepreneurial careers after graduation. The Preston M. Green Department of Electrical & Systems Engineering recognizes the need to prepare students for this exciting and rewarding career path.
Becoming a successful entrepreneur requires a broad array of skills. Some of the key skills students may need as an entrepreneur are: understanding market need, innovation, financing, product development, securing and defending intellectual property, management, sales, marketing, business networking, and risk management.
While no one program can prepare students for all of the business situations students may face during the course of their entrepreneurial career, the Preston M. Green Department of Electrical & Systems Engineering strives to provide a springboard for students who want to become successful entrepreneurs.
Students can gain essential experience from the following classes or activities in the department:
Innovation, Technology Development, Prototyping:
Students can take a wide variety of course work in signals and systems (with applications in industry, medicine, defense, telecommunications, automobiles, and instrumentation), applied physics (with applications in semiconductors, nano-technology, microwave engineering, radio engineering, and biomedicine), and systems science and mathematics (with applications in optimization, control, automation, and operations research). Students may undertake undergraduate research (UGR, ESE 497) projects, either individually or as a team, and propose their own ideas for independent study (ESE 400) and senior design projects (ESE 498 and ESE 499). These projects help students to develop a deeper understanding of specific technologies, to pursue the development of new ideas, and to prototype systems. Students may also take advantage of internships and co-op opportunities with startup and established companies. Students may also take advantage of internships and co-op opportunities with startup and established companies. Students can acquire funding to create their own startup through various grant opportunities, including the Arch Grants Global Startup Competition, the NCIIA E-Team Program, the SEAS Discovery Competition, and the IDEA Lab. The SEAS Discovery Competition and the IDEA Lab encourage students to find innovative solutions to real-world problems and, in the case of IDEA Lab, students are given the opportunity to collaborate with medical school faculty to solve clinical problems.
Students have ample opportunities to participate in or initiate team projects. The department supports vibrant student organizations such as IEEE, SIAM, and EWB. Students assume leadership roles and initiate different projects. Examples of such projects include the modular dance floor, the little brother helicopter, the Tesla coil, and the plasma speaker. Through these projects, students learn to work with others, to manage projects, and in some cases to develop products to market.
The department sponsors many events during which students meet with successful entrepreneurs and learn their experiences first hand. The department boasts numerous alumni who have founded successful businesses here in the United States and around the world. Students meet with these successful alumni and develop personal relationships with them. Additionally, within the Washington University community, there are many opportunities to connect with other students who are interested in joining an entrepreneurial venture. The Skandalaris Center for Entrepreneurial Studies, housed in Simon Hall, is a center for learning that supports campus-wide entrepreneurial activities among all majors and serves as a liaison between entrepreneurs of all disciplines. Additionally, it provides substantial connections to outside capital and mentoring resources, which can benefit aspiring student entrepreneurs. Student chapters of professional organizations such as IEEE, SIAM, and EWB, are also excellent avenues for networking. The department encourages students to participate in the study abroad programs as additional opportunities for networking in overseas countries. One such opportunity is a course called "Venture Consulting in Israel", which allows students to gain experience in venture capitalism by working with startups in Israel.
Management, Marketing, Sales:
Students can take classes such as Entrepreneurship (MGT 421), Introduction to Marketing (MKT 370), Principles of Financial Accounting (B50 2610), Individual in a Managerial Environment (B53 100), Business Planning for New Enterprises: The Hatchery (B53 424), Community Development & Environmental Preservation through Entrepreneurial Collaboration (B63 550M), and CEL Entrepreneur Consulting Team (MGT 550X). Students may also pursue double majors in the entrepreneurship program of the John M. Olin School of Business. Some of the projects students initiated have proven successful in the marketplace.
Risk and Failure Management:
Many of the courses offered by the department require students to perform open-ended design tasks. Students learn to deal with technical and logistical challenges during the design processes, which include analyzing design tradeoffs and diagnosing and troubleshooting problems. Students may also take courses such as Legal Environment of Business (B53 421) to learn about the legal issues that entrepreneurs may face.
Chair, ESE Department<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>One of the skills every parent would want their child to learn is swimming. In an era where private and public swimming pools are available, it only makes sense that the children should learn to swim. Even with all the facilities available, some parents are not sure if their child should learn how to swim. If you are still skeptical about teaching your child how to swim, these few pointers should convince you further.
If you live in an area with a swimming pool or a water body, then you will need to give your child swimming lessons. Many of the drowned children were because they accidentally fell into a water pool without no one noticing. Formal swimming lessons will ensure that the child can get themselves out of the water should they accidentally fall in the water. They can also behave accordingly around the pool since they will learn the pool area safety rules. Studies show that teaching children how to swim has led to a significant decrease in swimming pool accidents in many homes. It is the main reason parents with young children have taught them how to swim before they can even walk.
Helps Develop Motor Skills
For small kids, teaching them how to swim will go a long way in developing their motor skills. The kicking of their legs and arms will help strengthen these muscles. As they grow older, swimming helps them become more fit as it is a great exercise for them. Children who started swimming before they could sit up have walked earlier than the others. It goes to show just how well developed their muscles are because of swimming.
Helps with the Social Skills
Since the classes happen in a group, it is a great platform for the kids to make friends. Children will learn about socialization and interacting with each other in the pool. Some of the things they learn in the pool include rough play and acceptable behavior. In learning about this, they know what personal space is and why it is respected at all times. Since they will meet with other children, the bonds will stay way after leaving the pool and getting on with their lives. It is an amazing meeting place for children with similar interests as your own.
Learning a new skill can boost your kids’ self-confidence since this is a skill they can learn without straining. Their overall appreciation of their abilities will improve. They get to know that they can do anything they put their mind on and become more determined in whatever they do. Self-confidence will also help your children perform better at school because they know that they can do whatever they put the focus on.
It Might Become a Career
For parents who are into sports, teaching your child how to swim can become their career. Many renowned swimmers started at a young age. In training them when young, they know the skills required and develop them early enough. They can go ahead to compete in swimming competitions and maybe even international sports as they age. It is a great career choice for any person.
Children Learn Fast
Younger children learn how to swim faster than adults. The reason for this is their brains adapt fast and gain knowledge at a faster pace. Compared to adults, kids become great swimmers after only a couple of lessons. You need not worry about them losing this skill as they grow up. It is like riding a bike.
They Get to Attend Camps
If you plan to take your children to summer camp, it will help if they know how to swim. There will likely be a lake or swimming pool, and you would want to know that they are safe. No one wants their children to miss out on the fun activities at summer camp because they cannot swim. You can do your pool resurfacing in Winter Green, or wherever you live when they are off at camp.
Swimming is an excellent sport. In training your child on swimming, you open up their world to more fun. The good thing is, they will need a long time to learn. A couple of classes with a trainer and they become excellent swimmers.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Prime Minister Justin Trudeau just announced the start of a major review of our water laws.
Four years ago, the Harper government removed protections from 99% of the lakes and rivers in Canada. Harper gutted the laws that protect freshwater in Canada, including the Navigable Waters Protection Act, the Fisheries Act, the Canadian Environmental Assessment Act and more.
This paved the way for industrial projects that could threaten water. Water sources for municipalities and Indigenous communities are vulnerable to dams, mining, pipelines, logging, fish farms, liquefied fracked gas terminals and more.
Lakes and rivers in Canada must be protected under federal legislation. But Big Oil, which lobbied the Harper government to exempt mega-pipelines from regulation under the Navigable Waters Protection Act, doesn’t want these protections restored. So right now they are using their deep pockets and political connections to lobby our new government to keep things as they were under Harper.
That’s why it’s critical that you speak up now. The federal government is asking for your input on its review of two key pieces of legislation by July 20, 2016.
Here are talking points for the letter:
The Harper omnibus budget bills made changes to the Canadian Environmental Assessment Act that resulted in the cancellation of nearly 3,000 environmental assessments. The scope of environmental assessments was also narrowed.
Comprehensive environmental studies no longer need to include information such as:
- The impact on navigable waters or any unique or special resources.
- The “components of the environment that are likely to be affected by the project and a summary of potential environmental effects” and information relating to the terrain, water bodies, air and vegetation that would give federal authorities a more accurate picture of the environment that may be impacted by the activity.
- The name, width and depth of any waterway affected by the project and a description of how the waterway is likely to be affected.
- Environmental studies must assess the impacts of projects on all waterways.
- Pipelines were completely exempted from regulation under the Navigable Waters Protection Act. The Energy East pipeline is an example of a project that is moving forward without scrutiny of how it will impact navigation and waterways. The 4,600-kilometre pipeline would cross and endanger 2,963 identified waterways and countless smaller streams and wetlands along the way.
- Restore and enhance water legislation so that waterways are fully protected.
- Restore the Canadian Environmental Assessment Act to include the impact of projects on waterways. Restore protections for all lakes, rivers and waterways under the Navigable Waters Protection Act, which was renamed the Navigation Protection Act by the Harper government.
- Hold public consultations and independent expert panels, and incorporate feedback to strengthen freshwater laws.
- Consult with Indigenous communities on a nation-to-nation basis and incorporate the obligation to obtain free, prior and consent into water legislation so that Indigenous treaty and water rights are respected.
- Implement strict safeguards for waterways within the framework of the United Nations-recognized human right to water.
- Establish a community consultation process that fosters true collaboration between communities and government so regulatory agencies implement community recommendations on an ongoing basis.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Nāga, aka: Naga; 14 Definition(s)
Nāga (नाग) is another name (synonym) for Kampillaka, which is the Sanskrit word for Mallotus philippensis (kamala tree), a plant from the Cleomaceae family. This synonym was identified by Narahari in his 13th-century Rājanighaṇṭu (verse 13.99), which is an Āyurvedic medicinal thesaurus.
The lowest metal on the alchemical hierarchy is lead, most commonly called nāga, “serpent” or sīsa/sīsaka, an allomorph of the name of the cosmic serpent Śeṣa; or, more rarely, ahirāja, “serpent king.” The Rasakāmadhenu (2.1.4) and Rasendra-bhāskara (4.108) state that lead arose from the semen of Vāsuki, the king of a mythic race of serpents known for the great wealth it possessed in its subterranean treasure hoards.
This bird-serpent opposition is made most explicit in the ca. sixteenth century Rasakāmadhenu, which identifies gold, at the summit of the hierarchy of metals, with semen shed by Agni, and lead, at the base of the system, with the seed of Vāsuki. Let us also
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figli, case alle figlie (matri-focalità), moltiplicazione dei cognomi (vs. modello
Campania).
NB: flussi non indifferenti di migrazione da B verso C, per cui uomini nati e formatisi in sistemi di
lignaggio si trovano in realtà ad abitare in “casa di mugliera”!
Le famiglie-mezzadrili in che misura somigliano alle famiglie-lignaggio attestate nel sud?
E in che misura si differenziano?
Le famiglie mezzadrili non sono proprietarie dei mezzi di produzione e della terra in quanto si tratta
di gruppi patrilineari agnatici che possono spostarsi di zona in zona. Si è più radicati dove si
posseggono i mezzi di produzione, mentre nel caso contrario è molto forte il legame parentale che
favorisce la ricerca di terre da acquistare.
In Toscana vi è un rapporto contrattuale tra i diversi proprietari terrieri, i quali ritengono utile far
coltivare la loro terra non a salariati bensì a gruppi di parenti guidati da un capoccia che tiene unito
e coeso tutto il gruppo dei lavoratori/parenti co-residenti.
Diversamente da ciò che si era pensato, Pete Rivers sosteneva che vi erano quasi esclusivamente
famiglie nucleari e non vi erano tracce di famiglie agnatiche. Nel caso toscano e umbro, il principio
unilineare della parentela è molto forte per ragioni ecologiche, sociali ed economiche.
Lezione 17: Corpi inaspettati: parentela adottiva e disabilità
Lezione tenuta dalla dottoressa Rossana Di Silvio (Università di Milano)
In Italia la parentela adottiva contemporanea si costruisce a partire da numerosi nodi critici, alcuni
più recenti e densi di altri, come la necessità di trovarsi ad affiliare, non per scelta, un bambino
transnazionale e disabile. Se è vero, come sostiene Strathern, che i parenti sono sempre una
sorpresa, l’esperienza delle famiglie adottive e handicappate restituisce a questo proposito un punto
di vista singolare della dimensione sociale e umana del diventare parenti oggi. Utilizzando il
materiale etnografico raccolto nel corso di una prolungata esplorazione del campo dell’adozione, si
proporranno alcune riflessioni sulla complessità delle nuove forme di famiglia nell’Italia
contemporanea.
Antropologa e psicologa, Rossana Di Silvio collabora come ricercatrice indipendente con
l’Università Milano-Bicocca e lavora presso l’Agenzia di Tutela della Salute di Milano Città
Metropolitana. Ha condotto ricerche sulla parentela adottiva in Italia e Ucraina all’interno di un più
ampio interesse per le trasformazioni della famiglia nelle società occidentali contemporanee.
Attualmente lavora sulla produzione dei saperi nei servizi socio-sanitari dedicati alla famiglia.
Libro: “Affetti da adozione. Uno studio antropologico della famiglia post-familiare in Italia”, 2008.
L’antropologia fornisce delle questioni umane una prospettiva diversa rispetto alla psicologia.
Gli ultimi studi statistici sulla disponibilità da parte dei genitori biologici di accogliere un figlio che
la medicina può individuare se sano o non sano, ammontano al 30%. In generale il 70% delle
mamme che viene a conoscenza del fatto che potrebbe avere un figlio disabile decide di
interrompere la gravidanza. I genitori adottivi questa cosa non la possono fare, anche se possono
decidere di rifiutare il bambino che è stato loro abbinato. La maggior parte dei genitori adottivi però
non lo fa perché sa bene che quando rinuncia ad una adozione esce automaticamente dal circuito
delle possibilità adottive. Spesso, inoltre, arrivano bambini con cartelle sanitarie che non mettono in
evidenza eventuali problemi e per questo i genitori oggi la prima cosa che fanno è il ceck completo
del bambino. Nel corso del primo anno possono, infatti, scoprire che il bambino soffre ad es. di
qualche sindrome di natura genetica. Ci sono anche situazioni di fallimento adottivo (molto rare).
Nuove forme di famiglia: la parentela adottiva
Una delle forme di famiglia che si è più diffusa in Italia oggi è la parentela adottiva, a pari merito
con le famiglie composte da nuclei che si separano e che formano altre famiglie a loro volta. La
parentela adottiva non è una pratica nuova ed è un tipo di famiglia che si forma da una convenzione
giuridica, culturale e sociale collettivamente condivisa.
La specificità rispetto alle forme tradizionali di famiglie adottive, per cui era necessario dare un
erede ad una coppia di genitori che non aveva la possibilità di procreare, è che l’adozione risponde
in primo luogo al bisogno di un bambino di avere una famiglia. La parentela adottiva può essere
anche vista come un laboratorio sul come si produce una famiglia ed è per questo che rappresenta
una sorta di lente tramite la quale si può vedere ciò che succede quando si forma una famiglia.
Cosa fanno i membri di un gruppo familiare già costituito quando arriva un nuovo membro?
La scelta deve far i conti con le aspettative e queste a loro volta devono far i conti con l’esigenza di
mettere in campo delle strategie di inclusione (o esclusione).
- Cibo mediatore imprescindibile che traduce la materialità della sostanza in intimità dei
corpi, in un senso di connessione familiare e creazione dell’intimità familiare.
- Cucina spazio distintivo della storia e della narrazione familiare, luogo elettivo della
riconfigurazione e della risocializzazione sensoriale.
Anche i bambini partecipano attivamente, cucinando e facendosi aiutare a cucinare piatti della terra
da cui provengono se si tratta di stranieri. C’è quindi una interazione che passa attraverso il
linguaggio del cibo e del nutrimento.
Strategie di coerentizzazione: principio di continuità e stabilità dei legami di parentela
Le attese sono diverse rispetto alle realtà degli arrivi.
La tipologia dei figli destinati sono soprattutto portatori di bisogni particolari o bisogni speciali.
Tra i bisogni particolari le convenzioni internazionali individuano anche la questione dei fratelli.
L’idea di inserire in uno stesso nucleo famigliare più di due fratelli viene considerata non una strada
facilmente percorribile perché si crea una criticità non solo rispetto ai fratelli stessi ma anche
rispetto agli altri parenti. La parentela adottiva può essere vista anche come una doppia mancanza:
- Fisiologica della coppia (infertile);
- Relazionale del bambino (orfano, abbandonato, ecc).
L’arrivo di questa nuova tipologia di bambini portatrice di bisogni speciali genera una frattura
riproduttiva rispetto alla attese riparative/generative. Inoltre, con l’arrivo e l’affiliazione di bambini
con bisogni speciali anche la narrazione ordinaria della vita familiare viene a frantumarsi.
La frattura riproduttiva delle famiglie adottive e handicappate:
- Conseguenze temporali e socio-culturali molto complesse ed estese;
- Una riconfigurazione di molti assunti e aspettative riguardo le relazioni di parentela
(dipendenza/autonomia), i cicli di vita familiare (reciprocità delle obbligazioni
intergenerazionali), l’appartenenza alla comunità sociale (cittadinanza/diritti) e la
quotidianità delle pratiche di famiglia.
La vita disabile (nell’interesse dell’etno-antropologia):
- Categoria profondamente relazionale, socialmente e culturalmente costruita a partire dalle
idee dominanti di normalità; valorizzazione dell’indipendenza e della completa autonomia
dell’individuo;
- Condizione esistenziale di menomazione che non è solo del corpo, ma è creata dalle
condizioni materiali e sociali che disabilitano la piena partecipazione di coloro che sono
considerati a-tipici.
La disabilità esiste solo in relazione all’abilità, ma non necessariamente nel senso biomedico
occidentale: le persone sono disabili se sono considerate e trattate come danneggiate o deboli (es.
orfano sociale, danneggiato per sua natura).
Connotazione dei servizi e dei professionisti:
- L’ambivalenza adottivi/bambini migranti (il primato dell’origine): si tratta dell’ambivalenza
che servizi e professionisti utilizzano di fronte all’adozione, per esempio nella scuola i
bambini che sono adottati vengono inseriti nello stesso programma di recupero dei figli dei
migranti. Il problema nasce dal fatto che i bambini stranieri che vengono adottati sono
cittadini italiani a tutti gli effetti a differenza dei figli dei migranti. I bambini per un certo
periodo di tempo non capiscono dove sono posizionati socialmente e per questo l’obiettivo
dell’adozione è proprio quello di includere non solo nei confini famigliari ma anche in quelli
nazionali questi nuovi cittadini. Le famiglie devono trovare delle strategie per fronteggiare
tale ambivalenza.
- La difettualità dei figli adottivi (egemonia dei saperi categoriali bio-psichiatrici): dal punto
di vista dei saperi questi bambini entrano a far parte della nuova famiglia già segnati da un
trauma subito (l’abbandono); sono bambini che portano con sé una loro difettualità;
- La colpevolizzazione dei genitori adottivi (predominio del legame di sangue): non viene
detto in termini espliciti ma è evidente da una serie di testimonianze raccolte che vi è questo
giudizio valoriale da parte di chi pratica l’adozione transnazionale.
La speranza è un fatto esistenziale, culturalmente radicato e modellato, che implica la pratica di
creare, o di cercare di creare il tempo futuro anche in mezzo alla sofferenza, anche senza prospettive
di lieto fine: nelle condizioni più difficili, le persone utilizzano pratiche narrative per interagire e
fantasticare sulle possibilità di un futuro indeterminato, ma che, proprio per questo, è sentito
collettivamente come uno spazio di cambiamento e di potenzialità. Vivere quotidianamente con un
figlio gravemente malato e adottivo, spinge i genitori e la famiglia verso un nuovo immaginario di
parentela per ricontestualizzare copioni scontati di narrazioni di famiglia e di famiglia adottiva per
includere o escludere la disabilità.
La vita differente non trova grande riparazione né sul piano sociale né sul piano fenomenologico
dell’intimità di famiglia. Tuttavia, la pratica narrativa della speranza consente di lavorare la
guarigione della doppia frattura riproduttiva immaginando un futuro quotidiano con un figlio
adottivo dislocato e disabile. Il ciclo delle obbligazioni e delle reciprocità familiari resta incerto, ma
la capacità di riorganizzare le aspettative sulle relazioni familiari e l’impegno a negoziare nello
spazio pubblico le categorizzazioni biomediche, l’inclusione sociale e la legittimazione del figlio e
della loro famiglia adottiva e handicappata persistono e si rafforzano nel lavoro di cura dei familiari.
Lezione 18: un modello mediterraneo di famiglia e assistenza
La tesi dell’esistenza di un modello mediterraneo di famiglia
Quali somiglianze e quali differenze ci sono tra le famiglie/lignaggi patrilineari del meridione
italiano e le famiglie a composizione patrilineare della Toscana descritte e analizzate da Solinas ne
L’acqua strangia? Quanti modelli mediterranei di famiglia si possono storicamente identificare in
Italia? A ben vedere, come già aveva suggerito Solinas molti anni fa, sembra legittimo parlare di
due modelli:
- Modello meridionale (con diversa varietà);
- Modello tosco-umbro (o mezzadrile).
Testo di partenza: “I toscani e le loro famiglie. Uno studio del catasto fiorentino del 1427”, 1978
I due autori (Herlihy & Klapisch-Zuber) scoprono che:
- In Toscana nel 1427 la gran parte della popolazione viveva in famiglie allargate composte in
genere da capoccio, moglie, uno o due figli sposati eccetera;
- Le donne toscane si sposavano molto giovani mentre gli uomini toscani più tardivamente.
Questo catasto non ci dice a che età si sposavano uomini e donne in Toscana, ma era riportata l’età e
lo stato civile (celebi, nubili, vedovi, sposati) delle persone e dunque attraverso questi dati era
possibile stimare approssimativamente l’età del primo matrimonio.
Divisione: Firenze – Large Towns (es. Prato, Pistoia) – Small Towns – Campagna
In tutte queste aree le donne si sposavano in media verso i 18 anni di età mentre gli uomini si
sposavano dopo e in età diverse a seconda del luogo in cui si trovavano: 25/26 anni in campagna,
26/27 anni nelle Small towns, 27/28 nelle Large towns e 29/30 a Firenze.
Questi esiti suggeriscono che nel medioevo:
- Prevalevano le famiglie complesse e patriarcali;
- Le donne si sposavano presto mentre gli uomini più tardi.
Già in quegli anni però si sapeva, grazie agli studi e alle analisi di Laslett e colleghi sull’età
moderna (500-700), che nel nord Europa prevaleva una forma di famiglia e di matrimonio diversa
rispetto agli altri posti. In Inghilterra ad es. le famiglie erano nucleari e il matrimonio era tardivo sia
per le donne che per gli uomini. Come spiegare questa differenza?
Grazie alla riforma, alle condizioni socio-culturali, ideologiche e religiose che favorivano processi
di nuclearizzazione ed ai movimenti dei giovani si ha una divergenza: transizione e mutamento
verso la nuclearità e conseguente diversa relazione tra i coniugi che porta alla famiglia moderna.
Questo processo avviene in tempi diversi: prima al Nord poi al sud Europa.
Questa teoria venne contestata da Richard Smith che allora lavorava al Cambridge Group ed era un
geografo storico medievista che aveva lavorato principalmente su fonti fiscali inglesi non così
straordinariamente complete come il catasto fiorentino ma non per questo insufficienti per farsi una
idea della forma di matrimonio presente nell’Inghilterra medievale.
Interrogativo di R. Smith: Queste famiglie sono medievali o mediterranee?
Smith dimostra che ciò che avevano scoperto i due autori del libro sull’analisi del catasto fiorentino
non era rappresentativo della famiglia medievale in quanto già nel 1300 le famiglie inglesi erano
nucleari e mariti e mogli si sposavano tardi (28-30 anni), oltre al fatto che vi era una forte
circolazione di servants. Nel medioevo inglese erano presenti dunque tratti diversi rispetto al
medioevo toscano. La sua tesi viene ripresa anche da Hajnal e da Laslett.
In realtà non dobbiamo pensare che tra epoca medievale ed epoca moderna non ci sia stato un
passaggio netto. Vi era già un modello nordico e vi erano altri modelli ancora, tra cui quello
mediterraneo caratterizzato da una elevata proporzione di gruppi domestici complessi patri-
virilocali ed età al matrimonio precoce per le donne e piuttosto tardiva per gli uomini.
Importanza anche del fattore culturale.
La tesi dell’esistenza di un modello mediterraneo di assistenza
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to the political campaigns for those officials that will support their causes once in office of course!
Case in point, in the 2006 election year, Agribusiness industries are reported to have contributed $44,732,566.00 to campaigns for elected officials in the USA. The Governor of South Dakota, Mike Rounds, reportedly received $36,250.00 for his 2006 electoral run from the agricultural businesses. Add to this figure all the agribusiness donations given to those Senators and Representatives representing the state where you dwell and you begin to understand why you now have a huge hog farm as a neighbor.
Money talks and bigger money speaks even louder in this country as history proves over and over again. The voice of the small, individual voter and citizen of this country means nothing in the bigger scheme of American politics. As one compares this localized scenario in South Dakota with the enormous Federal issues such as the Iraq war, similar layers of corruption are exposed. The farther up the political “food chain”one progresses, the less aid a single individual gets due to the larger amounts of political leverage gained by the contributions given by these special interests groups like agribusiness.
Lets take a look at some of the background issues surrounding the hog farm in South Dakota:
1) South Dakota Governor, Mike Rounds, cuts the Highway Patrol budget and states that he believes the agency “can get by with a $2 million reduction in its budget.” In early February 2008, a media source leaks a memo detailing how deep these budget cuts would hit the department.
2) One source states that the Highway Patrol budget cuts will take effect immediately and last only one year while another released memo states that the budget cuts will last “indefinitely.” (The citizens AND the Highway Patrol officers are left wondering what part media-spin is truth or fiction of course.)
3) One statement in the press says that this information comes from a written, authorized budget submitted by Governor Rounds but just a few days later, Governor Rounds tells the media that what is circulating was simply his “recommendations” for the upcoming expenditures and not the bottom line decisions. Once this memo was obtained by the media and circulated, Governor Rounds’ media-management team states that the memos were never meant for public circulation and that they were intended only for internal circulation. By February 15, 2008, the internal memos circulating in the State Highway Patrol were called a “miscommunication” by Governor Round’s office. (more media-spin and now the truth is even further from our grasp)
4) State Highway Patrol leadership released guidelines to their officers which I condense here. Startling issues begin to surface with these recommended cuts and leaves the average citizen in the coverage area wondering if there will be ANY response teams available should they need them. “Burning of overtime which will make it difficult to maintain current manpower requirements, especially on Fridays and weekends” is one of the department recommendations. Statements include the fact that there will be no new patrol vehicles purchased during the 2009 budget cycle. Governor Rounds states that troopers must save on gasoline requirements by having more “stationary patrols” where trooper will perform the “stare and glare” law enforcement techniques rather than actively pursue offenders. Other budget cuts will affect training for officers, Troopers will no longer help transport organ, eye or blood donations and search and rescue operations with the highway patrol airplane will be limited. Requests to assist BIA or tribal police with fatal crashes on reservations will be limited. Finally, the department acknowledges that because of these budget cuts, they will “more than likely be criticized by some agencies for their lack of manpower or response to incidents or accidents.” (Now the citizens in the area are really wondering about how safe they truly are in the event of an emergency.)
5) After the facts about this new hog farm came into mainstream media spotlight, Governor Rounds basically stated that he and his office preferred to let “tribal agencies work the issues out.” I am supposing that the Governor has forgotten that not ONLY tribal members are being impacted by this CAFO. The impacts are vast and have the potential to negatively impact many in South Dakota and all the way down the Missouri River.
6) Considering the fact that the South Dakota Highway Patrol is under major budget constraints and are told to limit all extra travel and deployment to scenes other than critical response areas, why did a reported 52 patrol cars roll onto the scene of a peaceful demonstration against the hog farm? Especially since the Highway Patrol leadership stated in their internal memo that, “requests to assist BIA or tribal police with fatal crashes on reservations will be limited.” (this was not a fatal crash, no one was armed with weapons and there were perhaps 50 or so protesters on the site…many of these were minors and children!)
Here is a picture of this small group of hog farm protesters that required 52 law enforcement vehicles (courtesy Yankton Sioux Tribe).
7) The road leading into the property where Longview Farms is building their hog farm has been considered by the Yankton Sioux Tribe and their own law enforcement officers as being under BIA jurisdiction which means that no local or State law enforcement agencies are to deploy there except under extreme circumstances. When construction of the hog farm began in early April, the community attempted to block the completion when the Yankton tribal council passed an exclusion order against Long View Farms, of Hull, Iowa. The BIA (Bureau of Indian Affairs) was asked to confirm its jurisdiction over the road leading into the hog farm property, which would have denied Longview Farms access to the building site. Even though there was NO FINAL DECISION MADE about the jurisdiction of this road, law enforcement from outside agencies descended en masse upon lands where jurisdiction was still very much in question.
The large mobile unit was a reported SWAT team. To the sides of where this picture was taken, was an entire hillside of patrol cars. This response for a handful of protesters? (photo courtesy of Yankton Sioux Tribe)
8) Several members of the Yankton tribe were arrested, jailed and released on bail money paid by the tribe. They individually have had to seek legal defense and are going through all the legal proceedings for what may turn out to be illegal arrests once the jurisdiction of the road is decided. The BIA, which is funded by taxpayers in the USA, has paid out millions of dollars since 1994 to maintain this very road and added it to its inventory following a signed agreement between all local agencies. However, on May 5, 2008, a commission in Charles Mix County voted to rescind the agreement in response to the BIA’s declaration of ownership. (I guess what we, the US taxpayers think of all this, is null and void?)
9) Go a step further and examine a rough estimate at the costs for this police response to a small group of peaceful protestors gathered along side of a road that is yet to be determined as to WHO has jurisdiction over it! Based on online available figures for average salaries and costs of such things as officers and patrol cars, we find that the average salary for a State highway patrol officer is $30 per hour. Multiplied that by the number of hours required for response, handling, and completion of each assigned duty location. Gasoline costs of $3.85 per gallon based on today’s average price per gallon of fuel across the USA. Add in equipment wear and tear, vehicle tires, radios, uniforms, uniform cleaning, paper used and miscellaneous expenses. Add in the salaries for radio dispatchers, and office staff costs and you have a very rough average of $180.00 for each unit to respond to the scene of a normal, easy-to-handle incident, which averages one hour from dispatch to clearing. That’s $180.00 per hour is for local calls only and does not include extra travel across long distances. This rough average cost multiplied by 52 police units comes to approximately $9,400.00 PER HOUR! SWAT or Mobile units as seen in the picture above are usually presumed to be double that cost due to extra equipment and training for their personnel so add in another $360.00 per hour. Protesters on the scene reported that Wagner Police, North Platte Police Department, and State Highway Patrol vehicles came in on this one scene. Any overtime pay is probably 1.5x their salaries and Highway Patrol cars may have traveled into the protest site from wide areas all over South Dakota. Add in the costs for arresting these protesters, jail staff, court clerks, judges and office staff to manage all of this? Beginning to feel similar to war expenditures at the Federal level?
But I thought Governor Rounds stated that there was this huge deficit in the budget and that every possible money-saving effort needed to be made inside the Highway patrol?
Really? All of the above expense and manpower to manage a small number of peaceful protestors?
Still confused about how this all impacts YOU and the potential impacts of a hog farm moving in to YOUR neighborhood? Still confused about how the Federal government and its agencies are layered with special interest groups, huge campaign financing and layers of deception?
By looking at one small issue in a rural location nestled inside the United States of America, perhaps the realities are sinking in. Just how far we have allowed ourselves to become blinded by “trust” is that festering wound I mentioned earlier. We have so blindly accepted the protection from our government and its agencies and leaders that we have missed the fact that we are now dependent and blind to truth. Perhaps the biggest “self-evident” fact before us as a Nation of individuals is that our trust is entirely misplaced. Perhaps the pursuit of life, liberty and happiness is truly an allowance for the elite after all. Perhaps it is history repeating itself but this time, ALL races are included in the destruction. The decimation of the lands and resources that sustain us all is at stake as is the very country we all call “home.”
Now… about that hog farm…. ready to become “neighbors?” Do you still believe it won’t happen to YOU?
Blind faith strikes again.
Shelley Bluejay Pierce is an investigative journalist covering political, environmental and indigenous rights issues. Her work appears in numerous written publications and online websites worldwide and is a frequent guest on radio shows addressing these issues.
(All rights reserved, permission to reprint this article must be granted by author, Shelley Bluejay Pierce by contacting [email protected])<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>One of the most fascinating tactical designs that has ever emerged in the history of football is Catenaccio.
It is always associated with negative or defensive football and some of today’s stereotypes such as ‘park the bus’, but there is far more to it. Here, our writer Rohit Rajeev takes a deep dive into how the tactic emerged and what made it so successful…
Catenaccio in Italy refers to a chain that is used to bolt the door of a house. Of course nowadays it refers to the defensive element of football that swamped Italian football in the 50s and peaked in the 60s.
Despite being an Italian term, Catenaccio did not originate in Italy but in Switzerland. Austrian professional Karl Rappan was assigned to take over Swiss local league team Servette, who were filled with players who were semi-professional and did not possess physical or technical skills the better teams had, so Rappan had to find a way.
Meanwhile in England, the FA passed a new amendment to the offside rule in 1925, the ‘two-player rule’ which gave rise to the famous WM formation devised by famous Arsenal and Huddersfield Town manager Herbert Chapman.
In the 1930’s, when Rappan took over Servette, the WM formation was rampant in Swiss football and as mentioned earlier Servette couldn’t compete against the professionals.
Rappan came up with a counter-measure: he had his half-wing players (called Mezzalas in Italian) play alongside the two full-backs who became centre-backs when the half-backs retreated. This system was famously referred to as the ‘Verrou’.
The most interesting development of the Verrou was the spare man at the back. Whichever flank the opposition attacked, Servette – from the half-wingers and the full-back converted centre-back – would man mark their opponents leaving a spare man.
In the centre there was a player to sweep up in case the ball got past the defence. This spare man was called as the Verroullier or Libero in Italian. Cesare Maldini, Franz Beckenbauer and Armando Picchi are some of the more famous Liberos in football.
Rappan became the coach of Switzerland and employed the Verrou and got results in the 1938 World Cup, but still his approach did not become mainstream.
A similar system, independent from Verrou, sprang up in the USSR. A team called as Krylya were promoted to the first division in 1945 having been newly formed and they came up against technically superior sides such CSKA Moscow and Dinamo Moscow and used to get beaten by big scores.
This forced their coach Abramov to employ a conservative strategy by having a full-back drop deep and have a centre-half sweep behind the full-backs. It is a slightly different method to Verrou, but a similar principle. Even then, Catenaccio was seen as tactics used by inferior teams.
Rise of Vianema and Catenaccio
The Swiss had left a lot of influence on Italians during the war and it extended to football. A few teams started to use the Verrou but the one who found success with it originally was Gippo Viani, then coach of Salernitana.
Viani’s explanation was that he got the idea of using a sweeper to clear lose balls behind the defense while watching fisherman using a spare net to catch the fish on the docks. While he was busy executing his ideas, a native of Trieste – Nereo Rocco – was coming through the ranks of Serie B. With Catenaccio he had taken his native Trieste to top four finishes and Padova to promotion while using Catenaccio.
The tactic was still known as the “right of the weak” mostly because none of the historical top teams used Catenaccio, until Inter in the mid 1950s. Alberto Foni, who coached Inter then, won the league after emerging 1-0 victors in six consecutive games and came under fire from the press.
He used the legendary Ivano Blason as a sweeper and introduced the concept of a ‘Tornati’ – a winger who tracks back and helps out in defence.
Catenaccio hits Milan
In 1961, Viani persuaded the then-Padova coach Nereo Rocco to take over at Milan due to Viani’s health. Rocco would take over at Milan and with Catenaccio he would win the 1961-62 Scudetto and most importantly the 1962-63 European cup against Benfica.
In his team he housed a Libero in the great Cesare Maldini, a proactive defensive midfielder in the form of Giovani Trappatoni, a very intelligent striker in Altafini and most importantly he had the ‘Golden Boy’ Gianni Rivera.
Rivera was the link between the defence and attack, and once the Rossoneri got the ball back they would pass to the No.10 who would launch quick counters.
If Milan introduced Catenaccio to Europe, Inter sealed its legacy. One of the most famous and notorious practitioners were Inter and their manager Helenio Herrera, a man who was reviled by players and coaches outside Italy.
A perfectionist and sometimes eccentric personality, Herrera controlled everything at Inter. He controlled players’ diets, their training, nutrition and introduced the ritiro where the squad were essentially locked up inside the training ground three days before a match to remove distractions.
Now, Herrera was not a coach who used Catenaccio at first, but was inspired by Rocco after Milan drubbed Inter 3-0 which saw Herrera risk losing his job.
Herrera then reverted to the ‘doorbolt’, which today’s generation would refer to as the 3-5-2 formation most notably used by Conte. Herrera used this to win two consecutive trophies until he was beaten by Jock Stein’s Celtic 2-1 in a game which was regaled as the victory of attack over defence. In the end, Herrera’s strength became his weakness and Inter disintegrated after the 1967-68 season, when he left for Roma.
Catenaccio as a tactic was initially used by teams that could not physically or technically match their opponent, until it reached Italy. Before the arrival of Total Football from the Netherlands and the concept of Zonal marking introduced by the Dutch in Europe, man marking was widely used.
In Catenaccio, with the use of the Libero the defending team had a spare man to sweep up any loose ball or any player who beat his marker. This came at the cost of a spare man in attack.
Catenaccio was all about players marking their opposite number tightly, not allowing space and forcing them to play horizontal passes. According to Rocco, if you make a mistake making a horizontal pass, you usually conceded a goal.
Using Milan as an example, here we can see tight man marking by Milan denying any space to Ajax in their European Cup final in 1969.
Here we can see Ajax’s Danilsson dancing past his marker but he cannot beat Milan’s Libero.
In terms of forward play, Catenaccio was all about quick counter-attacks. Back when the WM formation was used extensively wingers did not track back to midfield to help in defence. When teams used to get the ball they would launch quick breaks and score goals. Here is a goal on the counter by Prati against Ajax…
For Milan the creative force was Gianni Rivera and for Inter it was Luis Suarez, intelligent playmakers who could operate between the lines of any defence. They would make themselves quick passing options for their team-mates to find and launch fast vertical balls.
However, Rocco and Herrera had different approaches to their styles of play. Rocco had one sweeper back and two stoppers in front of the Libero. Either one of the inside forwards (Dino Sani or Lodetti) would drop to prevent the overload in the central areas.
Herrera was more defensive. He had a sweeper in Armando Picchi, accompanied by three full-backs in Fachetti, Guarneni and Burgnich. Whenever Inter lost the ball, Inter’s right wing-half would act as a Tornati and drop in as a modern wing-back, making it a five-man defence.
One thing that Herrera and Rocco agreed on was that horizontal football was a complete waste of time and both wanted to launch direct vertical passes to their forward players.
The death of Catenaccio
When Ajax beat Inter in 1972 European Cup final with Total Football, the Dutch newspaper celebrated it as the death of the Italian system.
What essentially happened was that, with many teams copying Catenaccio, its weakness became prevalent: the midfield can often get overloaded.
Below we can see that when played against a team playing WM formation the front three goes against the opposition’s three, the inside forwards up against the opposition’s half wingers then the team’s centre-half will be overloaded by the opposition’s inside forwards in a 2v1.
Initially Rappan solved it by defending with a deep line but with Total Football using zonal marking and beating man marking Catenaccio was slowly getting outdated.
Why it isn’t ‘parking the bus’
Ever since Jose Mourinho coined the term ‘bus driver’ and parked it against Barcelona in 2010, people tend to associate Catenaccio to the phrase, which is not the case.
As we can see the main idea behind parking the bus is to stay narrow and stay horizontally packed in order to deny any space to the opposition. They also do not press their
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to be divided into partidos and furtherly into localidades, borders the provinces of Entre Ríos to the northeast. Uruguay is just near the Atlantic Ocean to the east; the entire province is part of the Pampas geographical region. The province has a population of 39 % of Argentina's total population. Nearly 10 million people live in Greater Buenos Aires; the area of the province, 307,571 km2, makes it the largest in Argentina with around 11% of the country's total area.
The inhabitants of the province before the 16th century advent of Spanish colonisation were aboriginal peoples such as the Charrúas and the Querandíes. Their culture was lost over the next 350 years, they were subjected to Eurasian plagues from. The survivors joined other tribes or have been absorbed by Argentina's European ethnic majority. Pedro de Mendoza founded Santa María del Buen Ayre in 1536. Though the first contact with the aboriginals was peaceful, it soon became hostile; the city was evacuated in 1541. Juan de Garay re-founded the settlement in 1580 as Santísima Trinidad y Puerto Santa María de los Buenos Aires. Amidst ongoing conflict with the aboriginals, the cattle farms extended from Buenos Aires, whose port was always the centre of the economy of the territory. Following the creation of the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata at the end of the 18th century, the export of meat and their derivatives through the port of Buenos Aires was the basis of the economic development of the region.
Jesuits unsuccessfully tried to peacefully assimilate the aboriginals into the European culture brought by the Spanish conquistadores. A certain balance was found at the end of the 18th century, when the Salado River became the limit between both civilizations, despite frequent malones; the end to this situation came in 1879 with the Conquest of the Desert in which the aboriginals were completely exterminated. After the independence from Spain in 1816, the city and province of Buenos Aires became the focus of an intermittent Argentine Civil War with other provinces. A Federal Pact secured by Governor Juan Manuel de Rosas in 1831 led to the establishment of the Argentine Confederation and to his gaining the sum of public power, which provided a tenuous unity. Ongoing disputes regarding the influence of Buenos Aires, between Federalists and Unitarians, over the Port of Buenos Aires fueled periodic hostilities; the province was declared independent on September 1852, as the State of Buenos Aires.
Concessions gained in the 1859 Pact of San José de Flores and a victory at the Battle of Pavón led to its reincorporation into the Argentine Republic on December 17, 1861. Intermittent conflicts with the nation did not cease until 1880, when the city of Buenos Aires was formally federalized and, administratively separated from the province. La Plata was founded in 1882 by Governor Dardo Rocha for the purpose of becoming the provincial capital; the equivalent of a billion dollars of British investment and pro-development and immigration policies pursued at the national level subsequently spurred dramatic economic growth. Driven by European immigration and improved health, the province's population, like Argentina's, nearly doubled to one million by 1895 and doubled again by 1914. Rail lines connected nearly every town and hamlet in the province by 1914; this era of accelerated development was cut short by the Wall Street Crash of 1929, which caused a sharp drop in commodity prices and led to a halt in the flow of investment funds between nations.
The new Concordance and Perón governments funded ambitious lending and public works programs, visible in Buenos Aires Province through the panoply of levees, power plants, water works, paved roads, municipal buildings, schools and massive regional hospitals. The province's population, after 1930, began to grow disproportionately in the suburban areas of Buenos Aires; these suburbs had grown to include 4 million out of the province's total 7 million people in 1960. Much of the area these new suburbs were developed on consisted of wetlands and were prone to flooding. To address this, Governor Oscar Alende initiated the province's most important flood-control project to date, the Roggero Reservoir. Completed a decade in 1971, the reservoir and associated electric and water-treatment facilities encouraged still more, more orderly, development of the Greater Buenos Aires region, which today includes around 10 million people, it did not address worsening pollution resulting from the area's industrial growth, which had made itself evident since aroun
1951 Argentine general election
The Argentine general election of 1951, the first to have enfranchised women at the national level, was held on 11 November. Voters chose both the President of Argentina and their legislators and with a turnout of 88.0%, it produced the following results: Note: The 1949 Constitution abolished the Electoral College. President Juan Perón had become President for the first time in June 1946, his popularity was riding high following five years of social reforms and a vigorous public works program, faced intensifying opposition during 1951. His decision to expropriate the conservative La Prensa, though lauded by the CGT labor union, damaged his standing elsewhere at home and his reputation in the World, as did the climate of political liberties: the opposition UCR's nominee, Congressman Ricardo Balbín, had spent much of the previous year as a political prisoner, to name one of many such examples. Economically, the year was an improvement over the 1949-50 recession and saw the completion of a number of landmark public works and the inaugural of Channel 13, the first regular broadcast station in Latin America.
The UCR and other parties in opposition and deprived of access to the media, boycotted a number of Congressional races and all Senate races, as well. The vice president, Hortensio Quijano, had requested leave from the campaign due to failing health and, on August 22, the CGT organized a rally on Buenos Aires' massive Ninth of July Avenue in support of the influential first lady Eva Perón as her husband's running mate, though unbeknownst to the crowd, the popular Evita was, like Quijano and thus refused the acclamation. Quijano reluctantly stayed on; these ill-considered attacks, the Peróns' popularity and their control of much of the media combined to give the Peronist Party a landslide in this, the first Argentine national election in which the vote was extended to women. Todo Argentina Peronist Party: President Juan Perón of Buenos Aires Province Radical Civic Union: Congressman Ricardo Balbín of Buenos Aires Province
Edelmiro Julián Farrell
Edelmiro Julián Farrell Plaul was an Argentine general. He was the de facto president of Argentina between 1944 and 1946. Farrell had a great influence on Argentine history by introducing his subordinate Juan Perón into government and paving the way for Perón's subsequent political career, he was born in 1887 in Villa de los Industriales. He was the tenth son of Juan C. Farrell and Catalina Plaul and the grandson of Matthew Farrell of County Longford, Ireland and Mónica Ibáñez. Farrell graduated from Argentine military school in 1907 as an infantry sub-lieutenant, he served in an Italian alpine regiment in Fascist Italy between 1924 and 1926. He returned to Argentina. After the 1943 coup, Farrell was promoted to Brigadier General and became vice-president during the military government of General Pedro Pablo Ramírez, who had deposed President Arturo Rawson, he was Minister of War. Farrell appointed Juan Perón as his secretary. Ramírez named Farrell as president on February 25, 1944. Farrell appointed Perón as vice-president.
After popular demonstrations in favour of Perón in 1945 made Perón the most influential and important man in the government, Farrell announced presidential elections for 1946, Perón was elected. On June 4, 1946, Farrell was succeeded as president by Perón. Farrell had been his commander. Despite having been brought to power through a coup d'état, Peronist historiography never calls him a dictator, he married on July 1921, to Conrada Victoria Torni, a teacher. They had three children: Nelly Victoria, Jorge Edelmiro, Susana Mabel. A widower, he died in 1980. Farrell, in the movie Evita, is portrayed by British actor Denis Lill. Mendelevich, Pablo. El Final. Buenos Aires: Ediciones B. ISBN 978-987-627-166-0. Short Biography
1886 Argentine presidential election
The Argentine presidential election of 1886 was held on 11 April to choose the president of Argentina. Miguel Juárez Celman was elected president. Confident of his authority following six years of peace and prosperity, President Roca was by known for his shrewdness as "the fox." Enjoying the support of the agricultural elites - as well as of the London financial powerhouse, Barings Bank - Roca daringly fielded his son-in-law, Córdoba Province Governor Miguel Juárez Celman, as the PAN candidate for president. A number of distinguished candidates appeared, including Buenos Aires Governor Dardo Rocha and Foreign Minister Bernardo de Irigoyen. Roca tolerated no opposition against his dauphin, selected nearly unanimously on 11 April 1886. Cámara de Senadores - Sesiones de 1886. Buenos Aires: Cámara de Diputados. 1932. Pp. 267–270. Duhalde, Eduardo Luis. Acción Parlamentaria de John William Cooke. Buenos Aires: Colihue. P. 232. ISBN 978-950-563-460-6. Lorenzo, Celso Ramón. Manual de Historia Constitucional Argentina, Volumen 3.
Rosario: Editorial Juris. P. 12. ISBN 950-817-111-1. Rosa, José María. Historia Argentina, Tomo VIII: El Régimen. Buenos Aires: Editorial Oriente S. A. p. 119. "Historia Electoral Argentina, p. 58". Www.mininterior.gov.ar. Ministry of the Interior. December 2008. Retrieved 13 June 2017
1904 Argentine presidential election
The Argentine presidential election of 1904 was held on 12 June to choose the president of Argentina. Manuel Quintana was elected president. Riding high after another term of prosperity and important diplomatic accomplishments such as the May 1902 Pact with neighboring Chile over a border dispute and Foreign Minister Luis Drago's settlement of imminent war between the German Empire and Venezuela, President Roca enlisted Congressman Manuel Quintana as the PAN standard bearer. Within the PAN itself, some dissent was evident over Roca's dominance; these voices rallied behind José Evaristo Uriburu. The UCR maintained its boycott, the aging Quintana was selected by the electoral college on 12 June 1904; the year's legislative elections were more significant than the headline presidential selection: the Buenos Aires district of La Boca elected Alfredo Palacios, the first Socialist Congressman in the western hemisphere. Diario de Sesiones de la Cámara de Senadores - Período de 1904. Buenos Aires: Establecimiento Tipográfico de El Diario.
1905. Pp. 185–207. Duhalde, Eduardo Luis. Acción Parlamentaria de John William Cooke. Buenos Aires: Colihue. P. 232. ISBN 978-950-563-460-6. Rosa, José María. Historia Argentina, Tomo IX: La agonía del régimen. Buenos Aires: Editorial Oriente S. A. p. 50. "Historia Electoral Argentina, p. 58". Www.mininterior.gov.ar. Ministry of the Interior. December 2008. Retrieved 13 June 2017<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>4月2日，深圳湾海关入境大厅，关员正专注地盯著X光机屏幕。14时左右，关员发现2名內地旅客的行李箱X光机图像显示异常，存在疑似角状物品。经查，在该2名旅客隨身携带的行李箱內发现两个巧克力包装盒，里面装著具有明显动物血腥味的疑似角块，部分角块上还残留有红色血跡，共计5.32公斤。根据角块形状及以往经验，海关关员初步判定为疑似犀牛角。
当晚，经相关部门鉴定，该批物品为哺乳纲奇蹄目犀科动物角块，也就是犀牛角块。犀科均属於《濒危野生动植物种国际贸易公约》(CITES)保护物种。目前，案件已移送缉私部门作进一步调查处理，涉案当事人已被刑事拘留。<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>La Lazio vince la Coppa Italia 2019 e lo fa battendo l’Atalanta allo Stadio Olimpico di Roma. I gol decisivi di Milinkovic Savic e Correa rispettivamente messi a segno all’82’ e al 89′ del match.
La Lazio vince la Coppa Italia 2019
Milinkovic Savic entra al minuto 82 e segna il gol dell’1-0 per la Lazio, dopo sette minuti sarà Correa a chiudere il match in favore dei biancocelesti che dunque mettono in bacheca la Coppa Italia. Trionfo, quello dell’Olimpico che permette ai ragazzi di Simone Inzaghi di accedere alla prossima Europa League senza passare dai preliminari.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>The psalmist poetically compares the Jewish people to a beautiful dove:
“Wings of the dove, covered with silver, and her pinions with shimmering gold.” (Psalms 68:14)
What is the significance of this metaphoric dove, with wings of silver and gold?
The Talmud (Berachot 53b) relates that Rabbah bar bar Hannah was once traveling with a caravan. The fourth-century Babylonian scholar ate at a rest stop, but only remembered that he had not recited Birkat Hamazon (grace after meals) after the convoy had already continued on its journey.
Rabbah wanted to return to the location of his meal in order to recite Birkat Hamazon there. But he thought to himself: If I tell them to go back because I forgot the blessing, they will say, “Just recite it here; after all, anywhere you pray, God hears you.” Better I should tell them that I left behind a valuable golden dove.
That is what the rabbi did. Convinced of the importance of going back, the entire group returned to the spot, and Rabbah was able to recite Birkat Hamazon in the place he had eaten.
And then, perhaps as a reward for his diligence in performing mitzvot, Rabbah bar bar Hannah found there a golden dove.
Is there some connection between grace after meals and the golden dove?
Different people have different attitudes toward mitzvot. Most people recognize that fulfilling mitzvot instills an overall mindset that we are serving our Creator. They do not grasp, however, the importance of detailed halachot and minutiae of mitzvot. As the Sages noted, “An ignoramus cannot be pious” (Avot 2:5). It was obvious to Rabbah bar bar Hannah that his fellow travelers would react by saying, “Anywhere you pray, God hears you.” They would not understand the importance of reciting Birkat Hamazon in the proper place.
The wise individual, on the other hand, recognizes the value of mitzvot in their powerful influence on our lives. Each fine detail is designed with sublime wisdom, contributing to the mitzvah’s overall impact.
What is the significance of the golden dove? Rabbah understood that when we recite Birkat Hamazon in the location where we ate, we are performing a powerful spiritual act precisely where we were most deeply involved in materialistic pursuits. Elevating the physical aspects of life is like mining gold from the very depths of the earth and giving it wings to fly higher and higher. Rabbah was able to capture this concept of enabling the material to fly with the metaphor of a “dove of gold.”
Nonetheless, Rabbah could have spoken of any golden bird. Why did it have to be a dove? The Talmud explains that the dove symbolizes the Jewish people. Understanding the symbol of the dove will shed light on how mitzvot make an impact on the Jewish people.
The verse speaks of wings that are “covered in silver,” while the inner pinions are “shimmering gold.” What is the significance of gold and silver here?
The pinions are the bird’s powerful inner organs that drive its outer wings. Just as the dove’s flying limbs have internal and external parts, so too, mitzvot have internal and external aspects. The inner purpose of each mitzvah is like a muscular pinion, the central force that powers the wings.
The verse describes the pinions as golden, a rare metal used primarily by kings and noblemen (“All of King Solomon’s drinking vessels were of gold” (I Kings 10:21)). This indicates that the inner purpose of mitzvot is known only to the select few, the truly great scholars.
The outer wings, on the other hand, are covered in silver, a more common metal. This distinction between golden pinions and silver wings corresponds to the inner purpose of mitzvot, as grasped by great scholars, and their outer expression, applicable to everyone. But it is important to remember that the pinions and wings form an integrated mechanism, working together. Just as the inner pinions provide the power for the wings, so too, the inner meaning of mitzvot is expressed in external actions. The interconnectedness of the dove’s pinions and wings symbolizes how mitzvot benefit all sectors of the nation.
Rabbah bar bar Hannah specifically spoke of a dove to allude to this integrated aspect of mitzvot. He knew that his understanding of the mitzvah of Birkat Hamazon was on a deeper level than the other travelers. Yet he wished to express the relevance of mitzvot to all Jews, whether they are able to appreciate their inner purpose or not.
The Talmud gives an additional explanation of the metaphor of the dove and its connection to the Jewish people:
“Just as the dove saves itself through its wings, so too, the Jewish people are saved by virtue of their mitzvot.”
The dove relies on its wings to flee. Danger awakens the dove to fly away, to raise itself up from its lowly state. So, too, when the Jewish people are beset by materialism, when they are overwhelmed by the physical aspects of life, the inner soul is pained. The troubled soul, yearning for divine goodness and nobility, is rescued and elevated via mitzvot.
Interestingly, it is precisely the feelings of emptiness caused by the descent into the depths of physicality that awaken our inner need for spirituality
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she wanted the help of a man, and he was young. What would ail him to fall off the side of an ass-car and to be killed?<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>传销受害者反杀“勒死传销监工案”有机会成为正当防卫的经典判例
传销受害者勒死传销监工反杀案
又是一起正当防卫的争议性案件。
据报道，张某被朋友骗进一个传销组织，一直想离开，但传销组织派“监工”日夜看守，张某被非法限制人身自由长达20天。2018年春节前夕，张某上厕所时，负责看管的“监工”王某一起走进卫生间，双方发生争执，王某掐住张某的脖子，张某拉了羽绒服帽檐上一根带子，将对方勒死。公诉机关指控张某涉嫌故意杀人罪，近日，云南楚雄中院开庭审理了此案。
关于正当防卫的法律条文，主要见诸《刑法》第20条，“为了使国家、公共利益、本人或者他人的人身、财产和其他权利免受正在进行的不法侵害，而采取的制止不法侵害的行为，对不法侵害人造成损害的，属于正当防卫，不负刑事责任。”从这一条款可以得出五大要件，即起因条件，正当防卫的起因必须是客观存在的不法侵害;时间条件，即不法侵害正在进行当中;主观条件，具有防卫意识，即防卫人要认识到不法侵害正在进行，且其防卫行为是为了制止侵害、保护合法权益;对象条件，即防卫行为是针对不法侵害人进行;限度条件，即防卫行为不能明显超过制止侵害的必要限度，否则构成防卫过当。
再看这起“勒死传销监工”案，不法侵害始终存在。根据报道，张某是被别人骗来的，“在传销组织里被控制了20天”，临近春节，张某想回家过年，“可这帮人根本没有放走张某的意思”。张某向王某提出“放他走”的要求后，不仅遭到了王某的拒绝，还被王某“推到卫生间的墙角处，用力地掐住脖子”。由此可见，张某客观上受到了传销组织“非法拘禁”、“暴力殴打”等不法侵害。
从时间条件看，张某的反击正当其时。在一些案件中，之所以正当防卫并未得到认可，关键是持续危害状态的“中断”。既然危害人身的条件已经不再存在，正当防卫也就难以得到认可。审视张某的反击，从小的方面看，是在对方掐自己脖子的情况下发生的;从大的方面看，是在被传销组织非法拘禁过程中发生的。在这样的不利情形之下，应当认定非法侵害仍在继续。
从限度条件看，张某的反戈一击也在合理范围。诚然，从结果上看，为了逃跑就让对方付出生命的代价，的确有超越限度之嫌。但是，从张某角度看，20天非法拘禁，被对方掐住脖子，造成精神和心理上的极度恐慌，在类似于“一场战争”的情形之下，作出激烈的反应，甚至造成一定的伤害，也在情理之中。
更何况，在王某作出了“用力地掐住脖子”的危险动作后，不法侵害的等级已经上升为“行凶”，严重危及人身安全。根据《刑法》第20条，“对正在进行行凶、杀人、抢劫、强奸、绑架以及其他严重危及人身安全的暴力犯罪，采取防卫行为，造成不法侵害人伤亡的，不属于防卫过当，不负刑事责任”，张某的防卫行为，属于特殊防卫，也就是无过当防卫，不必承担刑事责任。
现实中，司法对正当防卫的依法认定往往过于严谨，对于法律条文，往往是机械地理解和执行。毕竟，正当防卫是法律赋予公民的自救渠道，是对抗犯罪的法治武器。如果正当防卫被“五花大绑”，动辄得咎，无异于对受不法侵害者的“二次伤害”。
近几年，因为传销引发的刑事案件不在少数。对于带有非法拘禁等危害人身自由的恶行，司法不能“自缚手脚”，让公民“低眉顺眼”。期待正在审理的这起案件，参照昆山反杀案的先例，依法对正当防卫作出认定，也为今后的类似案件处理以及司法解释的修订等提供又一宝贵范例，为公民提供更强大的法律保障。
来源：南方都市报 作者：欧阳晨雨
中国反传销网文章地址：http://www.fcxw.cn/talk/zjfx/4355.html
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- 最新评论 更多>><|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>شاید بارها و بارها فرصت طلایی نوروز یا آخرین فرصت جبران و یا عبارتهای این چنینی به گوشتان خورده باشد، ولی سؤال اصلی این است که چه چیزی مطالعه ی نوروزی را از دوران قبل از آن متمایز می کند.
در واقع با نزدیک شدن به کنکور ارزش روزهای ما بیشتر می شود و اهمیت و تأثیر مستقیم آن بر روی نتیجه ی ما افزایش پیدا می کند. ایام عید به دلیل مرور یکباره ی کامل سالهای پایه، فرصتی برای مرور دروسی است که در تابستان و اوایل پاییز خوانده شده. به دلیل تعطیلی مدارس، میزان ساعات مطالعه افزایش پیدا کرده و از آنجا که درس جدیدی اضافه نمی شود فرصت خوبی برای جمع بندی و مرور باقی می ماند.
و اما دانش آموزانی که به طور کامل نتوانسته اند برنامه های خود را پیش ببرند و یا از دروس مدرسه جا مانده اند فرصتی برای جبران پیدا می کنند.
در این مسابقه که از تابستان شروع شده به روزهای پایانی نزدیک تر می شویم و در فرصت مطالعاتی نوروز که برای بعضی فرصتی برای تثبیت و برای بعضی دیگر فرصتی برای جبران است. دانش آموزان جایگاه واقعی خود را می توانند ارتقاء دهند.
یادت بیار
من قبل از شروع با خودم اتمام حجت کردم، گفتم من تصمیم را گرفته ام، این هدفم، این برنامه ام، اگر قراره کم بیاری اصلا شروع نکن! ولی اگر شروع کردی وسط راه شک نکن که دارم اشتباه می کنم. اگر فرصتی را از دست دادی وقت جبران آن فرا رسیده!<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Eleme Terimi Hakkında Bilgiler
Voleybol Terimi Olarak Eleme:
Bir şampiyona ya da turnuvada, finale gidecek takımları belirlemek için yapılan karşılaşmalar (Qualification).
Fen Bilimleri Terimi Olarak Eleme:
Büyüklükleri farklı katı madde karışımlarının elek ile birbirinden ayrılması.
Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Terimi Olarak Eleme:
Rakip takımı veya sporcuyu yarışma dışı bırakma.
Benzer Voleybol Terimleri:
Kamp Ateşi: Topun üç kişinin birlikte olduğu bölgede yere değmesi.
Birinci El Hücumu: Servis karşılandıktan sonra yapılan hücum vuruşu (First hand attack).
Avantaj Topu: Smaç yerine pas ile gönderilen top. Alan takım bunu yüksek sesle duyurur ve tüm oyuncular servis karşılama konumlarına geri yerleşir (Free Ball).
Arka Orta Dışarıda: Arka ortada savunma yapan oyuncunun dip çizgiye yakın bekleyerek sahanın arkasına gelen hücum toplarını almasını, arka kenarlarda oynayan oyuncuların
Uçan Servis: Topun genellikle dönmediği ve yönünün düzgün olmadığı etkili servis türü.
Anten: Ağa her iki yanına takılı olup topun yan çizgilerden geçiş sınırını belirleyen çubuk.
Kesme: Smaçörün sert olmayan ancak etkili vuruşu.
İkili Blok: İki oyuncunun birlikte yaptıkları blok (Double block).<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>What then, is b?
(This was going to be an article about how impossible it is to design one language that has all my favourite features. But instead, became a scene from "A Coder's Edition of Saw.")
You wake up, in unfamiliar surroundings.
You must've experienced some kind of memory loss because you have no idea how you got to where you are. Your forehead is brittle with dried blood.
In front of you is a computer screen, and on the screen it says:
a = Add(2,3); //a is 5. b = Add(2); //what is b?
Intriguing. What is
Because you're uncertain of the language in question, you can't be sure.
It could be that
Add is an overloaded function, in which case
b would be an integer. Its exact value is anyone's guess.
Or it could be that
Add has an optional second parameter. Again
b would be an integer, though its value could be anything.
It could be that the code refuses to run. The missing parameter is a deal breaker.
But you look at the tattoo on the back of your hand, the 11th letter of the greek alphabet, and you are certain.
What then, is
I'm currently writing a book about how to build your first product. If you want to build your first product, please sign up to be notified when the book is available.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>تاریخ انتشار :۰۲:۵۸ - ۱۲ مهر ۱۳۹۹
رئیس هیات مدیره باشگاه فولاد خوزستان گفت: امیدوارم مسئولان استقلال با یک مربی دیگر به جز نکونام مذاکره کنند چون با ما قرارداد دارد و تمرکزش روی تیم ما برای فصل بعد خواهد بود.
به گزارش وانانیوز،
علی محمدی در خصوص شایعاتی که پیرامون حضور نکونام در استقلال مطرح شده است، اظهار داشت: آقای نکونام با باشگاه فولاد قرارداد دارد و در حال برنامه ریزی برای تیم است. اردوی تیم در تهران برگزار شده و قرار است راهی کردان شود.
وی در خصوص اینکه آیا مذاکره با نکونام توسط استقلالی ها ذهنیت او را بر هم نمی ریزد، گفت: او یک مربی حرفه ای و کاربلد است و می تواند این مسائل را مدیریت کند. آرزو دارم که مشکلات استقلال هم حل شود تا هرچه سریعتر این تیم شرایط خوبی پیدا کند.
رئیس هیات مدیره فولاد که با برنامه 2-4-4 رادیو جوان صحبت می کرد، با اشاره به فعالیت های آکادمی فولاد گفت: خوزستان مهد فوتبال ایران است و برنامه ما هم این است از آکادمی استفاده کنیم. چند بازیکن ما در سطح لیگ برتر هستند و از آنها حمایت می کنیم تا تیم خوبی را رونه مسابقات کنیم.
وی در خصوص اینکه نکونام با این باشگاه قرارداد دارد، گفت: مطمئنا تمام تمرکز نکونام روی فولاد است. امیدوارم مسئولان استقلال با یک مربی دیگر وارد مذاکره کنند چون این کار از نظر اخلاقی هم درست نیست. باز هم امیدوارم مشکلات استقلال حل شود.
انتهای پیام/
منبع: فارس
ارسال نظرات<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Il film biografico stasera in TV “Capone”lunedì 6 settembre 2021 alle 21.15 su La 7 Capone è un film del 2020 scritto e diretto da Josh Trank. La pellicola narra l’ultimo periodo di vita di Al Capone, interpretato da Tom Hardy,[1] che dopo dieci anni di prigione deve fare i conti con la demenza, il declino fisico ed i sensi di colpa per i crimini commessi.[2]California, 1947. Al Capone, chiamato in diminutivo dalle persone più care “Fonzo”, vive un’esistenza in preda ad allucinazioni, causate dalla demenza per via della sifilide.
La moglie Mae vuole risparmiare 200.000 dollari venendo delle statue del giardino della lussuosa villa. Fonzo sospetta di essere sorvegliato dalla CIA, non riconosce i figli che lo chiamano al telefono, e crede di viaggiare per una sconosciuta meta con un amico che ormai non c’è più, frutto delle sue allucinazioni, sostenendo costui di aver nascosto 10 milioni di dollaridollari e di volerglieli donare, seppure non ricordi dove.
La malattia peggiora quando Fonzo, tenendo una retata della CIA, imbraccia un mitra e attacca la servitù nel giardino.
Dopo un alterco con la moglie, Fonzo ha l’ennesimo ictus, e deve sostenere una cura riabilitativa, evitando di bere alcolici e fumare sigari, mentre le allucinazioni del suo passato sanguinario di gangster aumentano sempre di più, e l’amnesia e la demenza peggiorano.
Ridotto quasi a un vegetale, alla fine Fonzo riceve in casa il figlio che da anni non sente più, ma per lui è troppo tardi.
Il progetto, inizialmente intitolato Fonzo,[1] viene annunciato nell’ottobre 2016 con Josh Trank come regista, sceneggiatore e montatore, e Tom Hardy nel ruolo di Al Capone.[3]
Le riprese del film, il cui budget è stato di 20,6 milioni di dollari,[4] sono iniziate il 2 aprile 2018 a New Orleans.
Alphonse Gabriel “Al” Capone, detto Scarface (New York, 17 gennaio1899 – Miami Beach, 25 gennaio1947), è stato un mafiosostatunitense di origini italiane[1], considerato un simbolo del gangsterismo americano[2] e della crisi della legalità che gli Stati Uniti ebbero ad affrontare durante il proibizionismo.
Regia di Josh Trank
Con Tom Hardy
Fonte: WIKIPEDIAbiograficocaponefilm<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Freshwater fish farms consist primarily of earth ponds, or basins or canals constructed from concrete, where a continuous water flow-through is maintained from spring, stream, ground or drainage water circulated through airlift systems.
There are a handful of fully recirculated aquaculture facilities (FREA) in Denmark, that produce more fish with less water and less pollution in closed facilities.
The Danish production of freshwater farmed fish is primarily rainbow trout, though eel, trout, pikeperch, carps, pike, perch, Atlantic salmon, sturgeons are also farmed.
The Danish freshwater fish production is currently taking place in about 230 fish farms, primarily Jutland (Danish: Jylland). In 2007, the freshwater fish farms produced approximately 30,000 tonne fish.
Environmental effectsWaste water from freshwater fish farms is a major concern because waste water can negatively impact the environment in the receiving water body.
Large quantities of organic compounds and nutrients in waste water and fish sludge can result in oxygen deficiency in the receiving body of water, and thus result in a decline in water quality as well as the natural biological communities. In addition, wastewater can contain residues of medicine and chemical additives that are added to farms in order to treat sick fish, cleaning of facilities or added as water treatement.
As a result of dams and weirs, channel straightening and other types of stream alterations, fish farms can also cause physical damage to near-by streams. Most fish farmers though, take into consideration the native fish and their migratory pattern by placing fish ladders or the like in order for the fish to pass the dam or weir.
Regulation and environmental protectionIn 1989, the Danish government enforced regulations on freshwater fish farms, resulting in a reduction in discharges of organic materials, nitrogen and phosphor to about half.
Freshwater fish farms are now regulated according to the new Statuary Order for Fish Farms nr. 130 of 8th of February 2012 (In Danish: bekendtgørelsen om miljøgodkendelse og samtidig sagsbehandling), and an environmental approval (Environmental Protection Act chapter 5). Water intake is regulated by the Water Supply Act.
This new statuary order for fish farms combines 3 statuary orders into 1 (statuary order for Fish Farms, statuary order for model type 3 fish farms or similar installations as well as the statuary order for simultaneous processing of permits for freshwater fish farms).
The main goal of the new statuary order for fish farms is to create incentives for the fish farmers to produce more fish while reducing their the environmental pollution.
Expansions and other changes of a freshwater fish farm, which will lead to an increase in pollution, have to be approved according to chapter 5 in the Environmental Protection Act.
Environmental approvals of freshwater fish farmsAll freshwater fish farms were, by 1 January 1999, obligated to apply for an environmental approval according to Environmental Protection Act Chapter 5. In the Environmental Protection Act Ch. 5, each fish farm in Denmark is regulated based on their present environmental condition, more so than is the case in the Statuary Order for Fish Farms (dambrugsbekendtgørelsen).
The municipality that is associated with each fish farm reaches the final decision on environmental approvals as well as the fish farms water abstraction approvals. In addition, the municipalities also carry out inspections. Decisions reached by the municipalities can be filed at the Nature Protection and Environmental Board of Appeal
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对象等幅含是说这个这个就是就是收到的基本的 和事实上就是这个说的吗呢这个的话这个intm_bp....
概念：重载函数调用操作符的类，其对象称为函数对象；函数对象使用重载时，行为类似函数调用，也叫仿函数；本质：函数对象（仿函数）是一个类，不是一个函数；特点：函数对象在使用时，可以像普通函数那样调用，可以有参数，可以有返回值；函数对象超出普通函数的概念，函数对象可以有自己的状态；函数对象可以作为参数传递；#include<iostream>#include<string>using namespace std;//仿函数//1、函数对象在使用时，可以<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Blind and visually impaired can use public transport with reduced difficulty and danger. With a special transmitter sold for about €25.80 at the ONCE building on Sepulveda 1. This transmitter can be used at traffic lights and will set off an acoustic signal to assist in helping to cross the road. This same transmitter can be used to identify ticket machines with a sound. Many (but not all) stations have tactile paving that identify elements such as elevators, stairs, platforms, equipment, and exits. The elevators have braille buttons and speech to indicate direction and floor
The ticket machines are programmed with a voice navigation system and Braille keys to allow a blind person to buy tickets. In the metro ticket entrances generally are navigable by touch and use sound to assist in understanding whether validation has been completed or not. A short beep is a confirmation, a series of long beeps indicates a problem.
On the trains, trams, and metro, a voice system reports the next station and correspondence relating to other lines. On the trams specifically there is also a voice to tell people waiting when the tram is coming and what the destination and direction is. During the journey, a particular sound signals when the tram is stopped at a traffic light and not a station. All tickets have a tactile indicator to facilitate validation. But be careful! The machines at tram stops are not adapted and inside the tram you can not buy tickets, so it's easier if you buy tickets at a metro station.
All Barcelona buses are accessible to people with visual disabilities, both day and night buses. The entrance/exit doors are easily recognised using a stick and through tactile signals. Some buses use a speech system to indicate the next stop, but it's only on newer buses. There are also a few bus-stops that work with the aforementioned transmitter and will indicate through speech which buses are coming, what line, and time of arrival. The ticket validators use the same audio signals to tell you whether a ticket is valid or not..
The majority of Barcelona museums are apt for visits from visually impaired visitors. Between the most known there are:
- CaixaForum: Organized guided tours for different exhibitions and visit the building (groups of 10). All elevators within the museum have raised keys and Braille.
- Museu Marítim: Within the permanent exhibition of the Maritime Museum, there is a relieved map and a tactile model of the architectural set of the Reials Drassanes of Barcelona and a model of the building. Also along the walk - which can also be done with an audio-guide - you can touch many of the works and most of the vessels and artifacts.
- Fundación Joan Miró: The Foundation offers several resources for blind or visually impaired people. They have touch and explanatory models and tours on the work of Joan Miró ( sculptures, paintings and prints ) with the opportunity to touch examples of materials used and sculptures, in addition to interactive activities.
- MACBA: This museum offers customized tours on the first Sunday of every month. With gloves provided by the staff, you can even touch some work. They also allow guide dogs.
How many tourist attractions in Barcelona can a blind person visit? Many! For example La Pedrera, where on each floor of the permanent exhibition is touch map showing the location during the visit. These maps are in three dimensions and in Braille. Inside the building there are models that reproduce the architectural details. Regularly there are sensory activities organised. Temporary exhibitions are readable even in braille and some of the works can be touched.
Palau de la Música Catalana organizes guided tours and under the supervision of a guide allows you to touch the decorative elements as well as stained glass, ceramics , and more. The elevator buttons are beveled and have Braille.
Palau Güell offer audio guides with commentary and relieved maps for blind and partially-sighted visitors. There are also freely available magnifying glasses for the partially-sighted. Assistance dogs are welcomed and water bowls are provided on the ground floor. There is also disabled parking nearby, but spaces need to be reserved.
L'Aquàrium de Barcelona offers guided tours and a special interactive, fun, and educational space, especially for children. With more than 50 activities to play, listen, and discover, you can learn about the marine world and its wildlife. In a space, called Explore! represents three areas of the Mediterranean coast, the swamp of Delta del Ebro, an area of the Costa Brava, and the Marine cave of the Medes Islands.
Don't forget Park Güell! There are information points in braille at the entrances of the park and interesting elements throughout the park to feel, like the mosaic dragon monument, intriguing columns, wrought iron, and much more. It's a pleasant park to walk through, blending man-made architecture with nature - with fountains, birds, and music. Guide dogs are permitted.
We highlight three restaurants with menus in Braille. Here's hoping this number increases!
- Restaurant Can Solé: Found on Carrer San Carles, 4, and was founded in 1903, offering traditional cuisine - mainly fish.
- Attica21: This hotel chain offers all of its restaurant menus in Braille.
- La Tagliatella: These are authentic Italian restaurants that offer a traditional taste of Italy.
We want Barcelona to be accessible and easy! If you need an accommodation that's also accessible then take a look at our adapted apartments and reserve yours for your next visit to Barcelona. ❤<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Suudi Arabistan'ın sinema yasağını kaldırma kararı, toplumdaki daha genel bir değişimin yansıması. Riyad yönetiminin son 35 yıldır ilk kez ülkede bir sinema açma kararı, Suudi Arabistan'daki daha geniş kapsamlı bir dönüşümün de işareti. On yıllar süren yasağın ardından, sinemaya gidilmesine şimdi neden izin veriliyor?
DEĞİŞİMİN İKİ SEBEBİ VAR
Tahttaki Suud hanedanı 20. yüzyılda gücünü iki kaynaktan alıyordu. Büyük petrol zenginliği ve muhafazakar din adamlarıyla gayriresmi uzlaşma.
Ancak şimdi ülke, artık petrol zenginliğinin kamu harcamalarına ve istihdam yaratmaya yetmediği, din adamlarının kraliyet ailesinin yeni liderleri üzerindeki nüfuzunun eskiye kıyasla azaldığı 21. yüzyıla uyum sağlamak zorunda.
GENÇ NÜFUSLA BAĞ KURMAK İSTİYORLAR
Suudi Arabistan'ın nüfusu, diğer Ortadoğu ülkelerinde olduğu gibi büyük ölçüde genç. 32 milyonluk nüfusun büyük kısmı 30 yaşın altında. Kral Salman, en ufak oğullarından birini, 32 yaşındaki Muhammed bin Selman'ı, kısmen bu genç nüfusla bağ kurabilmek için veliaht prens yaptı.
Ancak kısaca MBS diye tanınan veliaht prensin önünde zor bir görev var.
SAĞLIK VE EĞİTİM ÖZELLEŞTİRİLECEK
Genç Suudiler'in, büyük ihtimalle anne ve babalarınınkiyle aynı standartlarda yaşayamayacağı, daha az petrole bağımlı bir ekonomiye geçişe nezaret etmesi gerekiyor. Gençlerin kamuda garanti işleri olmayacak ve özel sektörde de daha sıkı çalışmak zorunda kalacaklar.
Barınma masraflarındaki artış genel bir şikayet, sağlık ve eğitim de özelleştirilmeye başlanıyor.
Batılı gözlemciler uzun süredir Suudi Arabistan'ın en nihayetinde halka dağıttığı ekonomik yardımları kesmek zorunda kalacağını ve bunun da daha fazla siyasi hak verilmesi baskısını beraberinde getireceğini söylüyor.
Ancak MBS, farklı bir model öneriyor gibi görünüyor.
"DAHA ÇOK ÇALIŞ, DAHA ÇOK EĞLEN"
Uygulamada "Daha sıkı çalışın, sistemi eleştirmeyin ama daha fazla eğlenin" diyor.
Komşu Dubai'deki gibi, daha fazla siyasi özgürlük yerine daha fazla sosyal özgürlük öneriyor. Sinemalar da bunun bir parçası.
SUUDİLER NE İSTİYOR?
Ama Suudiler gerçekten daha liberal bir toplum istiyor mu?
Suudi yetkililer, uzun yıllardır halkın muhafazakar olduğunu, şimdiyse daha açık, dinamik ve teknoloji teknoloji meraklısı bir toplum izlenimi verdiklerini söylüyor.
Aslında, Suudi Arabistan'daki sosyal tutumlar çok çeşitli. Büyük bir toprak parçasına yayılmış insanların çok farklı yaşam deneyimleri ve gelir düzeyleri var.
Bir milyondan fazla Suudi ülke dışında eğitim görürken, diğerleri yoğun biçimde geleneksel kültürlerini yaşıyor. Kadınların yaşamları çok farklı
Özellikle kadınların yaşamları birbirinden çok farklı. Çünkü eğitim görme, seyahat etme ve çalışmalarına erkek vasileri, evli değillerse babaları, evlilerse kocaları karar veriyor.
Hükümet, kadınların otomobil sürme yasağına son verir ve yıllardır yasaklanan konserleri ve filmleri teşvik ederken, değişimin hızı ve ülkenin geliştirmesi gereken kültür türleriyle ilgili bir tartışma yapılıyor.
Bu tartışma, konu kadın haklarına geldiğinde özellikle yoğunlaşıyor.
YASAK FİİLEN DELİNMİŞTİ
Mesele filmlere geldiğindeyse, teknoloji zaten sinema yasağını bir saçmalığa dönüştürmüştü.
2014'te yapılan bir ankete göre Suudi kullanıcıların üçte ikisi her hafta bir kez internette film izliyor. Her 10 Suudi'den 9'unun akıllı telefonu var.
Suudiler, Bahreyn ve Dubai'ye yapılan ucuz uçak seferleriyle oradaki sinemalara gidebiliyor.
Devlet havayolu şirketi Suudi Havayolları uçuşlarında film gösteriyor. Ancak çıplak kollar ve şarap şişeleri gibi "uygunsuz" görüntüler çoğunlukla buzlanıyor.
Ülkede spontane film festivalleri bile yapılıyor.
Ayrıca Suudiler film yapmaya da başladı. Wadjda filmi Cannes'da Altın Palmiye ödülü aldı. "Barakah Barakah ile buluşuyor" adlı bir romantik komedi de çekildi. Sinemaların ortağı Suudi varlık fonu
Suudi hükümetinin bir araştırmasına göre, halk geçen yıl diğer Ortadoğu ülkelerinde eğlence ve konaklamaya 30 milyar dolardan fazla para harcadı.
Bu rakam, Suudi Arabistan'ın Gayrisafi Yurtiçi Hasılası'nın yüzde 5'ine yakın.
Petrol geliri düşen ekonomide yeni sektörler canlandırılmaya çalışılırken, eğlence sektörünü açıp, istihdam yaratabilecek bu parayı ülke içinde tutmak gibi gayet açık bir ekonomik argüman var.
Aslında Suudi Arabistan'da açılan ilk sinemaların sahibi de uluslararası zincir AMC ile ortaklığa giden Suudi varlık fonu.
DİN ADAMLARIN ROLÜ DEĞİŞİYOR
Hükümet sadece sinema açmıyor, bunlardan kar elde etmeyi de umuyor.
Aslında doğru soru "Neden şimdi?" yerine, "Neden bu kadar uzun sürdü?" olabilir.
Aslında yasağın hiç kamuoyunun tutumuyla ilgisi yoktu. Muhafazakar sosyal politika, kısmen nüfuzlu din adamlarını tatmin etmek için tasarlanmıştı.
Bu gayriresmi pazarlıkta din adamları otoriteye boyun eğilmesini vaaz ediyor, karşılığında sosyal yaşam ve aile hukukunda büyük bir etkiye sahip oluyorlardı.
Bu din adamlarının siyasi ve sosyal rolleri değişiyor.
Evet, devletin atadığı din adamları hala görevlerinde, hala muhafazakar görüşlerini vaaz ediyorlar ancak siyasi liderlerin kararlarına saygı gösteriyorlar.
2017'de ülkenin baş müftüsü, sinameların "utanmazca ve ahlakdışı" filmler gösterebileceğini ve iki cinsiyetin bir arada olmasını teşvik edebileceğini söylemişti.
Eskiden böyle bir karar tartışılırdı, ancak artık durum bu değil. Din adamlarına daha az güç sinyali Din adamları ülkenin kuruluşundan beri, otoriteye sosyal onay ve boyun eğişe yardım eden önemli kanaat önderleri olarak görülmüştü.
Ama din adamlarının sosyal nüfuzu aynı zamanda, bir şeye karşı çıktığında halkın önemli kesimlerini peşlerinden sürükleyebilmeleri anlamına da geliyordu.
HANEDAN, DİN ADAMLARININ GÜÇLENMESİNİ İSTEMİYOR
Ülkenin mevcut lider kadrosu, aşırılık yanlısı İslamcılara ilham verseler de siyasi gücü paylaşmak için daha barışçıl talepler dile getirseler de din adamlarının güçlenmesinin siyaseten tehlikeli olduğunu düşünüyor.
Hükümet, din adamlarının geçmişe kıyasla daha az güç ve nüfuza sahip olacaklarının işaretlerini veriyor.
Riyad'daki sinemada yapılan ilk gösterim de eğlence ve dinlence sektörünün, derin siyasi, ekonomik ve sosyal hareketliliği gözler önüne serebileceğini gösteriyor.
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Dilencilerin Akılalmaz Taktikleri!<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>天气晴朗，积雪也很厚，但瑞士的滑雪场与酒店却异常闲适。而往年拜访澳洲滑雪度假村的阿拉伯与俄罗斯富翁也大大减少。而歌手林赛•罗韩在美国迈阿密举办的迎新年演唱会门票也剩下不少。经济萧条（Recession）的阴影，笼罩着世界各个角落。今年，英国将出现60万追加失业人口，而俄罗斯将追加出现50万。国际劳工组织（ILO）则忧虑，至年末，全世界将有2000万人失业。
各国在去年秋天，生怕染上美国的金融危机，但事到如今，都争相为摆脱经济危机而努力。日本首相麻生太郎则在新年祝词中指出：“日本将成为最先摆脱金融危机的国家。”在经济恢复竞争中胜出，才可以占据之后的经济主导权。英国经济时报，以专家提出的资料为基础，预测世界经济将以美国、中国、及东亚、欧洲等顺序恢复。日本、澳洲则被分为恢复最迟的国家。韩国则与中国分在一起。
摆脱经济萧条的主要方案就是，依靠财政进行“经济上的刺激(Stimulus)”。因此，克服经济危机的过程也被称作“R（萧条）”与“S（刺激）”的战争。S获得胜利，就会出现大量工作岗位，而R取得胜利，就会出现大量失业人群。而伦敦市长鲍里斯•约翰逊在新年祝词中向R提出挑战：“我想引用基高尔上校（Colonel Kilgore）在现代启示录里的一句，‘上尉，有一天战争终将结束’，同样，终有一天，此次的经济衰退也会结束。”
不管是什么样的战争，判断目前的战况最为重要。美国被称作是经济统计水平最高的国家，但是这个国家，也有可能在事后颠覆预测。我国经济指标的核心是GDP统计，但是因时间间隔的影响，差额会以每个月的产业活动动向、及雇佣动向补全。而企划财政部每月公布的“绿册子”则是当月政府的经济现状。韩国银行在召集
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idae+Curculionidae+ (Meloidae+Tenebrionidae+(Cerambycidae+Chrysomelidae)))))).
Insects comprise the most diverse and successful group of multicellular organisms on the planet, and they contribute significantly to vital ecological functions such as pollination, pest control, decomposition, and maintenance of wildlife species (Losey and Vaughan, 2006). The composition of this group reflects the dynamicity of the ecosystem (Fagundes et al. 2011) and is fundamental in the investigating of the landscape structure. An approximation of 350,000 species of beetles that is identified which comprise about 40% of all insects and 30% of all animals out of which 15,088 are reported from India (Choate, 2001; Kazmi and Ramamurthy, 2004). Beetles comprise of 25% of all described species (Hunt et al. 2007).
The Coleoptera can be found in nearly all natural habitats, that is, vegetative foliage, from trees and their bark to flowers, leaves, and underground near roots, even inside plant tissue like galls, tissue, including dead or decaying ones (Gullan and Cranston, 2010). About three fourth of beetle species are phytophagous in both the larval and adult stages, living in or on plants, wood, fungi, and a variety of stored products, including cereals, tobacco, and dried fruits (Gillott, 2005). Many of the beetles are considered as pest (Banerjee, 2014); they are also beneficial, acting as predators by controlling the populations of pests (Davis et al. 2001; Shearin et al. 2007; Brown et al. 2010). Some are bio-control agents for, e.g., dung beetles have been successfully used to reduce the populations of certain pestilent flies and parasitic worms that breed in cattle dung (Brown et al. 2010; Kakkar and Gupta, 2010), and they also prompt a series of ecosystem functions ranging from secondary seed dispersal to nutrient cycling and parasite suppression (Nichols et al. 2009), forest disruptions (Davis et al. 2001) and shaping the landscape structure. (Büchs, 2003).
Routine identification based on morphological characters are sometimes difficult and time-consuming if the specimen is damaged or is an immature stage of development, even specialist may be unable to make identification. However, barcoding solves these problems and serves a dual purpose as a new tool in the taxonomists’ toolbox supplementing their traditional knowledge as well as being an innovative device. (Valentini et al. 2008). The DNA barcoding are of high value which helps in obtaining more detailed analysis of the species, broadening our understanding of both phylogenetic signal and population-level variation. (Hajibabaei et al. 2007). In this context, the use of DNA sequences represents a promising and effective tool for fast and accurate species identification. Further, DNA barcoding shares an emphasis on large-scale genetic data acquisition that offers new answers to questions previously beyond the reach of traditional disciplines. It consists of a standardized short sequence of DNA that can be easily generated and characterized for all species on the planet (Koch, 2010).
Globally, Coleoptera is the largest order among insects in terms of described species diversity (Foottit and Adler, 2009). Despite “the Creator’s inordinate fondness for beetles” (Puspitasari, 2016), Coleoptera has not been favored to date by barcodes. For example, using the public data portal available through BOLD v.4, there were only 23,000 public barcode records for beetles forming 32,758 BIN’S from 159 countries. By comparison, the others of the top four most diverse insect orders are represented by approximately 2.5-fold (Hymenoptera), 3.5-fold (Diptera), and 8.5-fold (Lepidoptera). Moreover, several important studies on genetic variability within and between beetle species have largely employed genetic regions other than the standard animal barcode region (Bergsten et al. 2012). Thus, the DNA barcoding of Coleoptera is still in its infancy, especially when considering their known (Foottit and Adler, 2009) and projected (Odegaard, 2000) global diversity.
Diversity of Coleoptera based on their morphological characters in Gujarat has been reported earlier from Shoolpaneshwar sanctuary (Pilo et al. 1996); from Gir PA, (Parikh, 2001) from Vadodara district, (Naidu and Kumar, 2011), and from Gujarat (Thakkar and Parikh, 2016), if the identification of beetles with DNA barcodes are concerned, no studies have been reported for Vadodara district till date. Moreover, studies linking the diversity and ecological status (pest and beneficial) are scarce. Hence, the present study aims to find the diversity and classify beetles with the help of DNA barcode approach in agriculture field of Vadodara district.
Materials and methods
Site selection and insect collection
Vadodara was surveyed and a total of 20 sites were visited monthly without any habitat bias keeping agricultural fields common in each (Fig. 1). They were collected by standard collecting methods, viz. hand-picking, light trap, net-sweeping, and pitfall trap. In addition, visual sighting and photo documentation were also carried out. Following the standard protocols of pinning each specimen was pinned for further identification. Identification was done by using standard reference books and published articles according to their morphological traits till species level or morphospecies. The species identified were confirmed by comparing with the authentic specimens from the repository at Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda.
Isolation of DNA, PCR, and sequencing
For DNA isolation, the protocol from Silveira et al. (1998) was followed by required modification. The procedure used was as follows: muscles were removed from the thoracic and abdominal region and were homogenized with lysis buffer (0.4 M NaCl, 10 mM Tris-HCl pH 8.0, 2 mM EDTA pH 8.0, containing proteinase k, and 2% SLS). Then, the homogenate was incubated at 60 °C for 1 h, later 6 M NaCl was added to the suspension and vortexed for 1 min, followed by centrifugation at 14,000 rpm for 20 min. The supernatant was removed, and an equal amount of isopropanol was added (1:1) and was further incubated at − 20 °C for 1 h followed by next cycle of centrifugation at 14,000 rpm for 20 min. The obtained pellet was washed with 70% ethanol and kept in 25 μl of milliQ water at − 20 °C condition for further process. The integrity of DNA was checked by using 0.8% Agarose using gel electrophoresis. Quantification of DNA was done by calculating the ratio of optical density obtained at 260/280 nm. The DNA product was then amplified in PCR at 94 °C denaturation for 1 min, 45 °C annealing for 1:30 min and50 °C for 1:30 min, and extension was carried out 72 °C for 7 min. A total of 35 cycles were performed using primers LCO-1490 5′GTCAACAAATCATAAAGATATTGG-3′, HCO2198–5′TAAACTTCAGGGTGACCAAAAAATCA-3′ (Folmer et al. 1994). The amplified product was purified using the thermos-Exosap kit (cat. no. 78200.200.UL.), and sequencing steps were performed according to Yuan et al. (2015a, b).
The diversity indices like Shannon diversity indices, Pielou’s evenness, and Margalef’s richness were calculated by PAST 3.X software.
Sequence validation and bioinformatics analysis
The sequence was validated and specific contigs of 12 beetles were obtained using BioEdit 18.104.22.168.
Further, the sequence was submitted to BOLD v.4 having process Id as given in Additional file 1: Table S1 and barcode gap analysis (Additional file 2: Table S2) was performed to find out the distance from the nearest neighbor. To have a holistic approach, COI sequences of 43 beetles were downloaded from NCBI as given in (Additional file 2: Table S2). Nucleotide composition and codon usage of all the beetles was determined using the MEGA7 software. The sequence was subjected to strand asymmetric analysis which was calculated using the formula(s)
AT-skew = (A−T)/(A + T), GC skew = (G−C)/(G + C).
Taxa selection and phylogenetic analysis
Among all the families reported Scarabaeidae, Carabidae, and Tenebrionidae species were selected due to their abundance. Chrysomelidae and Cerambycidae, due to their pest status, on the other hand, Lampyridae and Gyrinidae were selected due to its sparse availability and only representative of water beetle respectively. Hence, a total 65 individuals belonging to 16 families found in the present study, from which 56 species were selected for phylogenetic tree analysis. Furthermore, it was subjected to tree construction using statistical neighborhood joining distance where the test of phylogeny was performed using the bootstrap method with 500 replicates and was subjected to nucleotide type substitution. The maximum composite likelihood method and Gamma rate (G) were used to assess the diversity, and complete deletion was applied to obtain the complete sequence. This was accomplished through phyloT and was viewed in interactive Tree of life (iTOL) and re-confirmed in MEGA7 software.
Diversity, pest-status, and indices
During the present survey, 2690 individuals representing 65 species, belonging to 16 families of Coleoptera were recorded. Annotated checklist and pest statuses of recorded species are represented in Table 1. Of the total 16 families, Scarabaeidae was found to be the most dominant with 18 representatives, followed by Carabidae with 9 species; Chrysomelidae with 8 species, followed by Cerambycidae having 5 species. Tenebrionidae, Meloidae, and Coccinellidae were represented by four species and Elateridae with three species. Only two representatives were from Dytiscidae and Curculionidae. Families Gyrinidae, Buprestidae, Histeridae, Apionidae, Cicindelidae, and Lampyridae were represented by only one species each.
As far as diversity indices are concerned, Scarabaeidae, Carabidae, and Chrysomelidae families were found to be most diverse and rich among all families with Shannon diversity index above 2.0 and Margalef’s Index in the range of 1.1–2.5 (Fig. 2). Tenebrionidae, Elateridae, Meloidae, Coccinellidae, and Cerambycidae had Shannon index ranged between 1.08 and 1.56, and the Margalef’s richness index was in the range of 0.23–0.56 indicating moderately rich families. Buprestidae, Gyrinidae, Apionidae, Histeridae, Cicindelidae, and Lampyridae had just one representative species making the least diverse families (Fig. 2). Pest and beneficial status was observed in different species as an ecological evaluation parameter. Among all the species reported, the highest numbers of Phytophagus pest species were from Chrysomelidae (six) trailed by Scarabaeidae (five), Carabidae (four), and Cerambycidae (four). However, the beneficial insects were represented by Scarabaeidae (five) as decomposers, followed by Elateridae, Meloidae, and Buprestidae as pollinators having one species each.
Universal primers were used in this study, which perfectly amplified a 710 bp fragment of the mitochondrial COI gene when applied to template DNA (Fig. 3) from the specimens as shown in Fig. 4. Twelve species barcode sequences were obtained from the seven selected families. Table 2 represents the processID and sampleID of the species submitted on BOLD v.4.
To find the sequence composition, GC% analysis was performed which resulted in decreasing order as follows; O. nasicora (39.4%), B. rufomacula (35.9%), C. maderae (35.3%), Luciola sp. (34.9%), Pherophophus sp. (34.4%), Mesostena sp. (33.4%), Oides sp. (31.9%), G. miliaris (31.6%), X. jamaicensis (30.9%), G. natator (29.9%), P. albipes (29.3%). Further, the sequence was analyzed for GC and AT skews, where GC skew was found the maximum in Luciola sp. (0.1), whereas the lowest was found in O. nasicora (− 0.2) among the selected species. However, overall comparison with other species, the maximum GC skew was shared between Chlaenius sp. and Luciola sp. of Carabidae and Lampyridae respectively (Fig. 5).
However, the AT% was ranging from 70.7% to 60.6%, where P. albipes was more AT-biased (70.7%), while O. nasicora had the lowest AT% (60.4%). Additionally, AT skew analysis revealed that Luciola sp. (0.10) has the highest AT value, whereas the lowest one was C. indicus (− 0.13). To map the AT richness of selected species among the other species, we found that P. strennus had the highest value (+ 0.13), while Trachysida sp. was recorded with the lowest value of (− 0.2) (Fig. 6).
Coleoptera is considered to be one of the most controversial orders of Class Insecta, as it is the dominant order representing the highest level of species among other insect orders. Hence, the neighbor-joining statistical method for phylogeny reconstruction was performed which yielded maximum likelihood among the selected species. The sequence analysis also revealed that the computed overall mean distance was 833.28 ± 83.3 among the species; however, the pairwise mean distance showed a remarkable range of 2254.84 (Trachysida sp.) to 0.024 (O. taurus) of individual species comparison as depicted in Table 3 and Additional file 2: Table S2.
Nucleotide substitution with maximum composite likelihood method with Gamma distribution (G) yielded the sequence similarity suggesting that among all the species selected for the study, G. natator, P. albipes, and Pheropsophus sp. belong to suborder Adephaga, while other nine species belong to Polyphaga. The present study also reported that scarabaeids were closest to Elateridae and Coccinellidae compared to other Polyphagans. On the other hand, Carabidae was found to be closer to Dytiscidae (Fig. 7).
Further, we tried to look into the phylogeny of individual species (Additional file 1: Table S1) taking into consideration only barcoded species, the study showed that in family Scarabaeidae, O. nasicora, and X. jamaicensis were phylogenetically more close belonging to subfamily of Dynastini. On the other hand, C. indicus and G. miliaris were closest belonging to subfamily Scarabaeinae. In case of Carabidae, the obtained phylogeny showed that P. albipes, C. maderae, Pheropsophus sp. belong to Platininae, Carabinae, and Brachininae respectively (Fig. 8). The least distance was obtained between P. albipes and C. maderae suggesting they are more phylogenetically close. Moreover, as in the present study, individual species reported from Gyrinidae, Tenebrionidae, Chrysomelidae, Lampyridae, and Cerambycidae were less, it is difficult to comment on its phylogeny.
In the present study, an attempt has been made to correlate the identification and assess the diversity of Coleoptera of Vadodara morphologically and genetically. An annotated list of the Coleoptera is represented in Table 1. Of all the collected species, the Scarabaeidae was the most dominant which is not a surprise as it is the largest family of the order Coleoptera. Unlike other groups of insects, the members of the family Scarabaeidae contain both coprophagous (beneficial) and phytophagous (harmful) beetles. The coprophagous represented by 14 species have an important ecological role through their habitat of burrowing and burying of dung. This performs a series of ecological functions such as nutrient cycling, soil aeration, and secondary seed dispersal. (Larsen 2004; Chandra et al. 2012a, b; Chandra and Gupta, 2013). On the other hand, phytophagous (leaf chafers) represented by four species were the agricultural pests of various commercial crops, feeding on leaves, flowers, fruits, roots, and other parts of the plant. A good assemblage of Scarabaeidae is thus self-explanatory. (Chatterjee, 2009; Thakkar and Parikh, 2016). Due to the presence of diverse vegetation, five Phytophagus pest beetles were recorded, two pest-feeding species, and five species of decomposers suggest that they were evenly distributed in different habitats.
The second most diverse family was Carabidae, representing a total of nine species. These beetles are increasingly used as a taxonomic study group in biodiversity and as bio-indicators in monitoring or site assessment studies for nature conservation purposes (Ghahari et al. 2010). Four predator species were found in the study that were feeding on small insects and larvae suggesting population of pest species are high due to which Carabids were found more. So an appreciable number of ground beetles in Vadodara and its predator habit thus suggest a positive ecological role of these insects. (Koivula, 2011; Thakkar and Parikh, 2016).
Leaf beetles or Chrysomelidae are considered to be one of important pest family due to their phytophagous feeding habits (Ding et al. 2007; Meissle et al. 2009). In the present study, eight species were reported making it the third most diverse family. Among all, the highest number of Phytophagus pest species was recorded (six) in this family. Furthermore, the remaining data obtained suggests it biological control activity. Hence, feeding characteristic
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in jail with hard labor and fined him approximately 1,000 KD ($3,500 USD) for producing and distributing an audiotape allegedly defaming the Islamic (Sunni) religion, degrading its rituals and rites, and defaming and abusing the Prophet Muhammed's Companions. In February 2004, the citizen reportedly was released from prison in error by an Amiri pardon issued on the occasion of the country's National Day. The Government subsequently issued a warrant for his arrest, but he reportedly remained at large. In March 2004, the Appeals Court dismissed the original misdemeanor verdict and referred the citizen's case to the Public Prosecutor for re-trial by the Criminal Court. As a result, the citizen also faced more serious charges of violating the State Security Law. In May 2004, the Criminal Court sentenced him to ten years in jail in absentia on charges of defaming Sunni Islam. Most Shi'a believe that hardline Sunni Islamist pressure was behind the Government's harsh action against the individual, even though they too publicly condemned his anti-Sunni statements and the audiocassette incident.
In February 2006 a new Press and Publications law was passed which increased fines and jail sentences for those who publish material denigrating Islam. It also expanded the scope of what cannot be criticized to include the companions of the Prophet Muhammad.
The Ministry of Interior, General Customs Department, arrested and deported thirty-two individuals in 2004 for allegedly practicing sorcery and confiscated alleged sorcery-related materials during the reporting period.
The Government does not designate religion on passports or national identity documents.
There were no reports of religious prisoners or detainees in the country.
Forced Religious Conversion
There were no reports of forced religious conversion, including of minor U.S. citizens who had been abducted or illegally removed from the United States. There have been cases in which U.S. citizen children have been prevented from returning to the United States; however, there were no reports that such children were forced to convert to Islam, or that forced conversion was the reason the children were not allowed to return to the United States.
Improvements and Positive Developments in Respect for Religious Freedom
The Ministry of Education continued to review a Shi'a proposal to establish a private college to train Shi'a clerics; however, at the end of the reporting year, no action had been taken. The Ministry also continued to review a request from the Catholic Church to allow Catholic students at certain private schools to study the Catechism during the time allotted for Islamic instruction.
Interfaith dialogues took place among Christian denominations through the framework of a council representing Christian leaders from various churches and numerous informal meetings. Government officials promoted interfaith understanding by meeting with Shi'a and Sunni leaders. The Ministry of Awqaf and Islamic Affairs also sponsored a conference and screened a film in an attempt to increase religious tolerance.
In 2005, more than 10,000 worshippers from the Bohra community celebrated the Sultan of Bohra's birthday without interference. The Bohra participants, who are Shi'a Muslims mainly from Gujarat in western India, gathered at their community center.
The death of Pope John Paul II received wide press coverage throughout April 2005, including full-page spreads in local newspapers. In a country where the Catholic Church estimates its population as 10 percent of all residents (although this could not be independently verified), the Government issued a public statement expressing "agony of the Christian brothers" following the Pope's death. Senior Government officials attended commemoration events at the Catholic cathedral, and an Amiri envoy led a delegation representing the Government at the Pope’s funeral at the Vatican. Local newspapers provided extensive coverage of Christmas and Easter celebrations in 2005 and 2006. The play Nunsense had a successful run in the country without incident despite its portrayal of Christian nuns.
Christian churches held memorial services after the death of Amir Shaykh Jaber Al-Ahmad Al-Sabah.
Section III. Societal Abuses and Discrimination
In general there were amicable relations among the various religious groups, and citizens generally were open and tolerant of other religious groups; however, there was a small minority of ultraconservatives opposed to the presence of non-Muslim groups.
While some discrimination based on religion reportedly occurred on a personal level, most observers agreed that it was not widespread. There was a perception among some domestic employees and members of the unskilled labor force that there would be better treatment from employers as well as from society as a whole if they converted to Islam; however, others did not see conversion to Islam as a factor in this regard.
The conversion of Muslims to other religions is forbidden. While such conversions reportedly have occurred, they have been done quietly and discreetly. Known converts faced harassment, including loss of job, repeated summonses to police stations, arbitrary detention, physical and verbal abuse, police monitoring of their activities, and property damage without legal recourse.
In the June 2006 elections, an openly declared atheist ran for parliament on a platform of separating church and state. She was not subject to any restrictions or harassment.
In 2004 some well-known Salafis called on Muslims to refrain from congratulating non-Muslims on their holidays. In December 2004, the Chairman of the Revival of Islamic Heritage Society's (RIHS) Good Word Committee announced in an Arabic daily newspaper that it is forbidden for Muslims to imitate non-Muslims in all matters, including participating in non-Muslim festivals and holidays. The announcement stated that Muslims are "prohibited from sharing the Christian and other infidel religious groups' holidays in any form, whether by attendance, exchange of gifts, or expression of joy."
There were incidents of unofficial anti-Semitic commentary from media pundits and some mosque preachers. On August 7, 2005, a private citizen purchased newspaper space to run an advertisement with anti-Semitic imagery. On August 10, 2005, the Government referred the two newspapers that carried the advertisement to the attorney general for prosecution under the law, which forbids publishing religious material without a license.
In October 2005 a group of several dozen or perhaps as many as 200 alleged Sunni extremists attacked a Shi'a mosque in the Jahra area. The attack stirred fears of Sunni-Shi'a tension in the country, since the mosque had been attacked previously. No further incidents were reported. Despite initial reports that the Government had provided insufficient security for the mosque, the Government made arrests and the mosque owner was satisfied with the response.
In 2005, an extremist Salafi cleric preached violent jihad in the country. The Government blocked access to the Salafi preacher's website in February and banned him from preaching at his mosque in March. He then was detained by KSS forces for alleged links to two of the January shoot-outs between law enforcement officials and militants.
The Government's moderation program was an attempt to temper the effects of any such intra-religious tension. The program was well received in general, despite one member of parliament's publicly labeling the advocates of moderation "terrorists with deviant ideas." The same member of parliament lost his seat in the 2006 elections.
Shi'a complain of a "glass ceiling" that prevents them from obtaining promotions as easily as their Sunni counterparts. They reportedly had more difficulty in obtaining appointments in certain government agencies. The appointment of two Shi'a Ministers in the February 2006 cabinet and in the July 2006 cabinet was a positive step.
Section IV. U.S. Government Policy
The U.S. government discusses religious freedom issues with the Government in the context of its overall policy to promote human rights.
Intensive monitoring of religious freedom matters has long been an embassy priority. U.S. embassy officials meet frequently with recognized Sunni, Shi'a, and Christian groups, as well as representatives of various unrecognized religious groups and of NGOs that deal with religious freedom concerns.
The ambassador and other embassy officers actively encourage the Government to address the concerns of religious leaders, such as overcrowding, lack of adequate worship space, lack of access to religious materials, insufficient staffing, and bureaucratic delays in processing routine requests. During the reporting period, embassy officials met with senior representatives from the major recognized Christian denominations in the country, encouraged them to present their concerns in a unified manner to the Government, and advocated on their behalf in high-level meetings with government officials.
The embassy has made an effort to increase its dialogue with and understanding of the Municipal Council, whose control over land grants and other permits give it a key role in allowing religious institutions to flourish.
In an effort to develop a dialogue with Muslim moderates, the embassy worked with the Ministry of Awqaf and Islamic Affairs to send two imams to the United States on a Single-Country International Visitor Leadership Program (IVLP) entitled, "Religion in the U.S." The project showed the participants the scope of religious freedom in the United States and encouraged the promotion of tolerance and interreligious understanding. A third official of the ministry participated in another IVLP, "Interfaith Dialogue in the U.S." Both projects consisted of three-week visits to five representative cities in the United States. Participants met with counterparts of different religious backgrounds. All three participants said that the visit radically transformed their preconceived notions about life in the United States. They reported that they gained an appreciation for the interreligious dialogue in the United States, the freedom of worship that Muslims have in America, and the tolerant diversity they discovered in their interaction with American clergy.
Embassy facilities are used for weekly services by Protestant and Catholic congregations largely composed of official personnel and western expatriates. Official premises are used for these services due to overcrowding and security concerns at compounds located in the downtown area.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>SANTO DEL GIORNO/ Oggi, 13 agosto, viene ricordato Sant’Ippolito, vescovo e martire
Il giorno 13 agosto la Chiesa Cattolica celebra la memoria di Sant’Ippolito, vescovo e martire, ma le notizie biografiche riguardo la figura del Santo sono scarse e poco verificate
Il giorno 13 agosto la Chiesa Cattolica celebra la memoria di Sant’Ippolito, vescovo e martire. Le notizie biografiche riguardo la figura del Santo sono scarse e poco verificate, ma di lui si sa che nacque in Asia Minore nel 170 d.C., dove studiò teologia e retorica e fu probabilmente discepolo di Sant’Ireneo di Lione, considerato uno dei padri della Chiesa. Si ritiene che Ippolito fu vescovo di una diocesi romana, mentre secondo altri studiosi fu un semplice presbitero e la sua vita e la sua opera furono caratterizzate dall’opposizione alle tesi di Callisto. Questa opposizione fu tanto forte e aspra che diventò addirittura uno scisma in occasione dell’elezione a Papa di Callisto. Ippolito, in seguito all’elezione, si distaccò dall’ortodossia della Chiesa romana e fu eletto dai suoi seguaci antipapa. Il disaccordo tra Ippolito e Callisto verteva, oltre che su questioni meramente fideistiche, anche sulle accuse di comportamenti dissoluti che secondo Ippolito erano tenuti da Callisto e che erano in contrasto con la vita di ascesi e meditazione degna di un Papa cristiano. Quest’ultimo veniva infatti accusato da Ippolito e dai suoi fedeli di adulterio, vita dissoluta e addirittura di essersi macchiato di un omicidio. Ippolito a sua volta era accusato da Callisto di diteismo, una forma grave di eresia che che ammette l’esistenza di due divinità contrastanti. Tutto questo avveniva sotto l’impero di Alessandro Severo, che si dimostrò piuttosto tollerante nei confronti dei cristiani, attenuando durante il suo regno le persecuzioni. Per questo motivo la lite teologica dei due potè continuare indisturbata. Purtroppo, alla morte di Alessandro Severo, succedette Massimino il Trace che ebbe un atteggiamento completamente diverso: fin dall’inizio del suo impero, nel 235, egli fu molto duro e repressivo con tutte le confessioni religiose che non fossero quella romana, dunque riprese a perseguitare i cristiani, uccidendoli e esiliandoli. Fu così che Ippolito e Callisto, ma anche i suoi successori, Papa Urbano I e Papa Ponziano, furono esiliati in Sardegna, secondo la formula “ad metalla”, cioè destinati ai lavori forzati nelle miniere di metallo che si trovavano in quell’isola. Fu proprio qui che Ippolito trovò la morte per martirio insieme a molti dei suoi compagni di pena.
Fu legato per i piedi al collo di un cavallo e trascinato per luoghi aspri e incolti fino a quando trovò la morte. Sembra che prima di morire si fosse riconciliato con i suoi avversari nella fede e abbia chiesto ai suoi discepoli di accettare l’ortodossia della chiesa ufficiale. Oltre che teologo, Ippolito è considerato uno dei più importanti studiosi e traduttori dei frammenti di Eraclito, che grazie a lui ci sono pervenuti e sono stati conservati. Oltre a ciò fu un prolifico autore cristiano del periodo precedente a Costantino. Fu autore di una notevolissima opera chiamata Philosophumena, uno scritto contro le eresie e di altri otto scritti che purtroppo sono andati perduti. A lui sono anche attribuiti trattati sul diritto canonico e scritti polemici. La tomba di Ippolito è stata ritrovata nel Campo Verano lungo la via Tiburtina e proprio qui fu eretta una statua, ritrovata in alcuni scavi archeologici nel 1551 e attualmente conservata nel museo Lateranense.
© RIPRODUZIONE RISERVATA<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Ogni ideologia degna di essere chiamata tale, deve avere sempre ben chiara la dimensione del progetto che intende proporre alle masse…
deve anche curarne la forma, affinché il popolo sia pronto ad accoglierlo senza particolari attriti
gentile dono dei compagni proletari italiani che, dopo anni e anni di inculate, necessitano di qualcosa di più grosso.
Questa fino ad ora è la migliore!
A proposito, goditi questo:
http://video.giovani.it/simpson-acciaierie-gay.html
E questo (lo stesso ma in lingua originale):
http://staging.vsocial.net/video/?d=47161<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Playing The Odds
The cosmos are filled with roughly Earth-sized exoplanets. Various moons, comets, and planets have stores of water, organic molecules, and amino acids like those that make up life on Earth.
Cathal O’Donnell, a 3D bioprinting researcher at St. Vincent’s Hospital in Melbourne, likes those odds — he argues in The Conversation that the abundance of potentially habitable worlds out there makes the discovery of extraterrestrial life “inevitable and possibly imminent.”
One In 40 Billion
O’Donnell argues that the sheer vastness of space and quantity of exoplanets orbiting in habitable zones — the sweet spots where they’re not too close nor too far from their star — makes the discovery of extraterrestrial life overwhelmingly likely, citing research that calculated that billions of such planets may exist.
And just because a planet doesn’t have a temperate climate doesn’t mean life couldn’t exist there — O’Donnell argues that terrestrial life can be found in Antarctica, in deep-sea hydrothermal vents, and other seemingly inhospitable settings.
The fact remains that we’ve only encountered life in one place: Earth. But O’Donnell predicts that we’ll be able to probe for life in the near future.
“The ancient question ‘Are we alone?’ has graduated from being a philosophical musing to a testable hypothesis,” O’Donnell writes. “We should be prepared for an answer.”
READ MORE: Why the idea of alien life now seems inevitable and possibly imminent [The Conversation]
More on extraterrestrial life: The Scientist Who Reevaluated The Drake Equation Still Thinks Alien Life is Out There<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Protect Yourself and Know Your ABCDs
The incidence of skin cancer has dramatically increased over the past few years, and it has become one of the most common cancers diagnosed today. Public education and self examination is the key to preventing and recognizing the disease. When outdoors always wear sun protection. Proper skin care will allow you to maintain a more healthy, youthful appearance, as well as prevent skin cancers.
One of the most important parts of our bodies is our skin. It reflects our general health, and is our protection against environmental and biologic hazards. While outside keep in mind that exposure to sun with out protection could predispose you to skin cancer. The risk factors for developing skin cancers depend on many things. They may be characterized into environmental exposures and individual factors.
Sun damage is the major factor in the development of skin cancer. The skin gives us the ability to tan which is our major defense against non-melanoma skin cancers. Our ability to tan is genetically determined by the amount of melanin pigment produced by the skin cells in our bodies. This pigment helps protect our skin by reflecting/refracting the damaging ultraviolet radiation produced by the sun. The number of melanin producing cells is determined by our genetic make up. This is why some people are more
photosensitive (burn more easily) than others. We know that the susceptibility to skin tumors is inversely related to the amount of melanin in the skin. It is directly related to the number of lifetime sunburns. While out in the sun always wear at least a 15-20 SPF sun block and it should be reapplied frequently.
The most common types of skin cancer include basal cell cancer, squamous cell cancer, and melanoma. Basal cell cancer is the most common type of skin cancer. It affects 1 in 10 people. It locally invades the skin and may destroy surrounding tissue but it does not usually metastasize or spread through out the body. Basal cell cancer usually affects individuals greater than 40 years of age, with more fair skin tones that have a poor ability to tan and males more than females. Multiple sun burns as a child or young adult, x-ray therapy for acne, and arsenic exposure are known causes of basal cell cancer. A basal cell cancer typically presents as a nodule with irregular raised borders and small red blood vessels or as a sclerosing whitish scared patch with pearly nodules. Basal cell cancer is treated by surgical excision. Cryosurgery, electrosurgery and curettage can also be used.
Squamous cell cancer is another common skin tumor. It is very aggressive, locally invades the skin and may metastasize or spread through out the body. If not treated, it may cause death. Squamous cell cancer
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این را به اثبات برسانند (و همانطور که در بالا گفته شد امروزه گفته می شود توده ی بدنی کم که یکی از نتایج رژیم غذایی شدید است فاکتور خطری برای بی اشتهایی عصبی می باشد) بعلاوه برخی ممکن است از این لیست انتقاد کنند زیرا این فاکتورهای خطر شباهت زیادی به علائم این بیماری ها دارند.
فاکتورهای زیاد دیگری نیز به عنوان عوامل احتمالی ایجاد اختلالات غذایی مورد تحقیق هستند:
- قلدری کردن
- اعتماد به نفس کم
- عدم رضایت از بدن
- اضطراب و افسردگی
- فشار از جانب همسر
- وابستگی زیاد به بدنی لاغر
- خشونت جنسی در دوران کودکی
- آزمایش های مرتبط با وزن و جملات انتقادی در مورد وزن
- غذا خوردن زودهنگام در دوران کودکی و مشکلات خوردن و مشکلات گوارشی
می توانید ببینید تشخیص فاکتورهای اصلی بروز اختلال غذایی پیچیده است. ارزیابی اینکه این فاکتورها در فرد وجود داشته باشند نیز دشوار است. بعلاوه وجود این فاکتورها، وجود هر یک احتمال خطر بیشتر را پیش بینی می کند، تضمینی برای ایجاد حتمی اختلال غذایی نیست.
ژنتیک عامل اختلال غذایی
تمرکز روی توضیحات ژنتیکی در طول ده سال گذشته افزایش داشته است. علت اصلی ایجاد اختلال غذایی در خانواده ها به نظر می رسد ژنتیک باشد. بودن در خانواده ای با سابقه ی اختلالات غذایی می تواند خطر ابتلای فرد به این اختلال را افزایش دهد. بخشی از این افزایش احتمال خطر می تواند به خاطر مدل سازی رفتارهای مرتبط با اختلال غذایی در بین اعضای خانواده باشد ( مثلا مشاهده ی رژیم غذایی اعضای خانواده ). با این وجود تحقیقات روی دوقلوها، که می تواند نقش ژنتیک را به انزوا ببرد، تایید کرده است که تقریبا 40 تا 60 درصد از خطر بی اشتهایی عصبی، پرخوری عصبی یا اختلال غذایی بینگ ناشی از تاثیر ژنتیک است.
این تحقیق نمی گوید ژن خاصی وجود دارد که باعث اختلالات غذایی می شود و یا حتی مجموعه ای از ژن ها. بیشتر احتمال می رود که برای برخی افراد، تفاوت در چندین ژن مختلف باعث رفتارهای متغیری می شود که خطر این اختلالات را افزایش یا کاهش خواهد داد. برخی افراد ممکن است خصوصیات رفتاری مانند اضطراب، ترس، کمال گرایی یا تغییرات خلقی داشته باشند که با بروز اختلال غذایی مرتبط است. البته باید بدانید که این بخش از خصوصیات رفتاری با اختلالات متعدد دیگری نیز مرتبط هستند.
برخی افراد مبتلا به اختلالات غذایی می توانند چندین عضو دیگر نیز در خانواده ی خود تشخیص دهند که مبتلا به این اختلال می باشند.
در برخی خانواده ها خطر اختلال غذایی بالاتر از بقیه ی جمعیت است اما این خانواده ها بسار نادر هستند. حتی خانواده هایی با سابقه ی ژنتیکی بالا برای خطر بروز اختلال، نشان داده اند تنها ریسک ژنتیکی بالا به این معنا نیست که فرد دچار اختلال غذایی خواهد شد.
در مقابل همه ی کسانی که عامل اختلال غذایی دارند نیز ممکن است کسی را در خانواده ی خود نداشته باشند که دچار این اختلال است. با وجودی که ژنتیک نقشی در ایجاد اختلال غذایی دارد اما باید دقت داشته باشید که وجود اختلال غذایی تنها در این افراد نبوده و در حقیقت بیشتر جمعیت بیماران تک و بدون سابقه ی خانوادگی هستند. با کوچک شدن اعضای خانواده های امروزی اطلاعات موجود برای ارزیابی یک فرد خاص برای نقش ژنتیک کم است. بعلاوه اختلالات غذایی را بسیاری از خانواده ها خجالت اور می دانند و در مورد مشکلاتی که در این رابطه دارند با افراد دورتر از خانواده ی خود صحبتی نمی کنند.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>New LGBT-specific history lessons planned for L.A. County schools
In the first minutes of 1967, as singers performed “Auld Lang Syne” in the Black Cat bar on Sunset Boulevard in Silver Lake, gay men exchanged New Year’s kisses and embraced.
The raid, beatings and arrests of more than a dozen patrons by plainclothed Los Angeles police officers who had positioned themselves in the crowd that night -- and the subsequent protests outside the bar -- would become monumental in the gay rights movement in Los Angeles, predating the Stonewall riots in New York City by two years.
The Black Cat raid, protests and other events in gay, lesbian, bisexual and transgender history will be included in new lesson plans to be integrated into history curriculum at Los Angeles County high schools in the coming months, according to Project SPIN, a partnership between the L.A. Gay & Lesbian Center and Los Angeles Unified School District.
In 2011, state legislators passed a controversial first-in-the-nation law requiring California public schools to teach students about the contributions of LGBT Americans in state and U.S. history.
So controversial was the law that some parents across the state quickly pulled their children out of public schools.
School districts have had little help in creating lessons and providing sensitivity training, said Jamie Scot, project manager at ONE National Gay & Lesbian Archives at USC, which has partnered with Project SPIN to create the history curriculum and lesson plans for county schools.
The ONE Archives, one of the world’s largest research libraries on LGBT history, will provide historical artifacts and resources for the curriculum, which its creators hope to debut in L.A. County high schools by early next year, Scot said.
Project SPIN and the ONE Archives hired researchers to develop the curriculum and will be training teachers on how to implement the material into their current lesson plans, Scot said. The curriculum will be focused on modern-day history, from 1940 to the present, she said, and will be for high school students only.
“We don’t want to interrupt what they’re already doing,” Scot said. “We want them to be able to fold it in so it’s seamless, so it’s not like, ‘Today, here’s gay history day.’”
Scot said she hopes the lesson plans will help LGBT students to see that gay people are important and that their history should be reflected in the classroom. For too long, she said, people have mistakenly conflated the history of gay people with sex.
“As it gets normalized and taught and generations go through the system, this becomes almost like permission for kids to take it as something that’s meaningful and take some of the stigma away from it,” she said.
The curriculum will be provided to the schools free of charge, said Sara Train, coordinator of the Project SPIN program. The L.A. Gay & Lesbian Center has provided the funds to create the curriculum, Train said.
The new curriculum is “truly groundbreaking,” Judy Chiasson, coordinator for human relations, diversity and equity for LAUSD, said in a statement.
“It’s empowering for all students to see themselves, their families and their community reflected in the curriculum,” Chiasson said.
The stories shaping California
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You may occasionally receive promotional content from the Los Angeles Times.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>全球LDPE销售额将以1.5%的年增长率上涨，因为这两种薄膜在优质包装中的应用越来越大
摘要： 据市镇调查研讨公司Ceresana预测，至2021年，全球LDPE发卖额将以1.5%的年增加率回涨。 该公司建议，LDPE首要选用于包装，二〇一一年这种材质的大千世界贩卖额相近523亿美元(411亿澳元卡塔尔(قطر。 二〇一一年亚太LDPE生产总量为710万吨，个中56%被中夏族民共和国市情所花销。 该公司臆想，南美洲江山(尤其是炎黄和印度共和国卡塔尔(قطر甚至中东仍将是最大的LDPE增进市镇。相同的时间，西欧和北美LDPE市镇已基本饱和，在以后增速将比较缓慢。 因分娩装置关停，以致新增加生产总量不足，西欧LDPE生产数量将会减少。而中东地区搭乘飞机一四种大型石油化学工业项目将要投产，LDPE生产总量将以5%的年增进率上升。 薄膜占LDPE总供给的63%，在那之中包装薄膜攻陷该市区镇的最大占有率，其次是塑料袋和马鞍包，第三为任何各个薄膜。 Ceresana称，就环球水平来看，薄膜挤出是加工LDPE最常用的本领。其余本事，比方挤压涂层、注塑成型、吹塑成型甚至滚塑成型，只占市集的37%。 在加工能力上，环球每个地区域墟市只设有细微的差异。举个例子， 挤压涂层在北美用得非常多，而东欧国家多量使用的才干除了薄膜挤出，还会有注塑成型。 (来自:中塑在线卡塔尔国
集镇科研公司Ceresana公布的告知，随着潜在应用的不断扩充，至后年，环球塑膜市镇需要将达7100万吨。
塑膜须要不断扩宿将拉动市集以3.7%的复合年增加率上升。
对照此外资料制作而成的软质包装(如纸/铝箔卡塔尔国，塑膜具有刚强的优势，该报告提出这种优势在食物包装领域越来越备受关注，在非食物包装选择方面也得以见到那点。
满世界费用市场对于方便食物的须求突显回涨趋势，那也将推向塑膜商场的向上。
关键词：<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>After listening to most of the lectures from the anti-anxiety summit, I just wanted to add a few more pieces of information. I wanted to talk about spore producing bacteria as Microbiome Labs (Kiran Krishman) did a talk on these organisms. These are organisms that coat themselves with armor in the deeper intestines where they can function as a probiotic. They are able to make it through the digestive tract and colonize deep in the intestine. These are ubiquitous organisms in nature. These spore producing bacteria stimulate EC cells in the gut to produce serotonin. Bacillus coagulans spores produce serotonin which can be found in some strains which decreases depression and decreases IBS. Spore producing bacteria increase dopamine and decrease anxiety.
Foods that we bring into our body from the outside world can expose us to toxins. For instance, food that we eat can be contaminated by microbes such as campylobacter jejunum and this pathogen has been linked to anxiety and panic attacks. Medications that we take can harm our microbiome. For instance, common antibiotics (fluoroquinolones) have been linked with potentiation of side effects of benzodiazopenines. As, the gut produces 90% of your serotonin, it is important to understand that what you take in to your gut such as food or medication is influencing your state of brain health. Just having awareness of that and understanding that the state of your gut health has a major impact on brain health and neurotransmitters is key.
In the gut microbiome, diversity is paramount to health. Spores increase the diversity of the microbiome. In 3 weeks you can start to change the diversity taking spore based probiotics. I am doing an experiment by taking Megaspore Microbiome labs probiotic which I ordered from Florida. It has the strains Bacillus indicus, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus coagulans, Bacillus licheniformins, and Bacillus clausii which are strains I have not taken before. It is only 4 billion C.F.U. but that is all that is needed to go in and change the diversity because spores are so strong in their action. It is recommended to start at even 1/2 capsule a day because there can be a die off reaction as these spores kill other pathogens in the gut. Die off reactions may include cramping, bloating and a rash. I have not add any side effects so I have started taking one capsule every other day with food for the first week. Spore based organisms are universal colonizers. If I have positive results after the next month of taking these spore based organisms, I may start stocking some at Parallel Wellness. They are expensive but they have extensive research backing their use. For more information on spore based probiotics and how they can influence serotonin and GABA as well as produce anti-oxidants, go to www.microbiomelabs.com<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>رئیس سازمان مدیریت بحران کشور سیل را حادثهای دانست که میتواند به اندازه زلزله برای تهران خطرناک باشد و گفت: به منظور پیشبینی و پیشگیری از وقوع سیل، سامانههای هشدار سریع در حوزههای آبریز تهران نصب میشود.
اسماعیل نجار در گفتوگو با ایسنا، درباره احتمال ورود سیل در تهران اظهار کرد: وقوع سیل در تهران سابقه داشته و در یکی دو سال گذشته نیز نشانههایی از آن دیده شده است؛ مانند حادثه سیل کن یا سیلاب متروی تهران؛ از این رو میتوان گفت سیل همیشه خطرات و خسارات زیادی دارد.
نجار با بیان این که در تهران هفت حوزه آبریز وجود دارد، گفت: اگر بنا باشد در تهران سیلی رخ دهد این هفت حوزه از نقاطی است که مشکل ایجاد خواهد کرد و البته در نقاطی دیگر نیز احتمال بروز سیلاب وجود دارد. رئیس سازمان مدیریت بحران کشور افزود: همچنین مساله دیگر خروجیهای آب از تهران است که میتواند در روستاهای پاییندستی مشکل ایجاد کند؛ لذا در این باره مطالعاتی انجام شده و اقداماتی نیز باید انجام شود. نمونه اخیر این حادثه را در سیلاب قیام دشت مشاهده کردیم. وزارت راه و شهرسازی، وزارت نیرو، شهرداری تهران، وزارت جهاد کشاورزی و سازمان جنگلها و مراتع از جمله مراکزی هستند که در این زمینه مسئولیت دارند.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>其定义有三种口径:
第一种口径（按行政建制）
城镇人口是指市辖区内和县辖镇的全部人口;
乡村人口是指县辖乡人口。
第二种口径（按常住人口划分）
城镇人口是指设区的市的区人口和不设区的市所辖的街道人口以及不设区的市所辖镇的居民委员会人口和县辖镇的居民委员会人口;
乡村人口是除上述两种人口以外的全部人口。
第三种口径
城乡人口的划分是按照国家统计局1999年发布的《关于统计上划分城乡的规定（试行）》计算的。
1952-1989年数据为第一种口径的数据，1990-1999年的数据为第二种口径的数据。2000年人口普查和2000年以后数据是按照国家统计局1999年发布的《关于统计上划分城乡的规定（试行）》计算的。<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>10 2020-08-24
欧盟国家明确提出5720亿美金翠绿色刺激性方案
欧盟国家前不久愿意付款超出5720亿美金(5000亿欧)，占规模性经济刺激方案的30%，用以解决气候问题的现行政策项目投资，它是较大的翠绿色刺激性方案，但沒有做到预估。
历经五天的马拉松式交涉，欧盟国家愿意了总金额为1.23亿美元(1.074万亿元欧)的服务承诺，以适用欧盟国家在未来七年到2027年的再生。欧盟国家设置了30%的整体气侯总体目标，这将适用气侯维护和翠绿色现行政策项目投资。
这代表着在2027年以前的一段时间内，很有可能会出现5720亿美金用以气候问题，但这一支出远远地小于投资分析师所觉得的在2050年前完成欧盟国家气侯中性化总体目标需要的项目投资。
项目投资应合乎到2050年欧盟国家气侯中性化的总体目标，并有利于完成欧盟国家新的未来十年气侯总体目标，这种总体目标将在年末前升级。做为一般标准，欧盟国家的全部开支都应与《巴黎协定》的总体目标相一致。
依据欧盟国家的翠绿色协议书，欧盟国家在去年年底服务承诺适用对可持续公司、技术性和解决方法及其清洁能源和发电量的项目投资。该协议书还包含一个说白了的公平衔接股票基金，以一揽子资产适用比较严重依靠煤碳的地域和我国。
欧盟国家表明，以便处理到2050年完成气侯中性化总体目标和欧盟国家未来十年新气侯总体目标的社会发展和经济发展不良影响，将创建一个公平的衔接体制，包含一个公平的衔接股票基金。
“没人能否定欧盟国家领导人员今日达到的再生方案的历史时间使用价值。可是，虽然该方案提及了巴黎协议和气侯中性化，但它欠缺基础的气侯保障体系，例如全方位清除化石能源。仅有30%的支出将用以完成欧盟国家的气侯总体目标。”<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Ünlü müzisyen Neil Young’dan Trump’a dava
Ünlü müzisyen Neil Young, mitinglerinde şarkılarını izinsiz kullanan ABD Başkanı Donald Trump’a dava açtı. Neil Young daha önce Trump’ı şarkılarını izinsiz kullandığı için mektupla uyarmıştı.
Young, ABD Başkanı Trump’ın Tulsa’da düzenlenen son mitingde “Rockin’ in the Free World” ve “Devil’s Sidewalk” adlı şarkılarının izinsiz bir şekilde kullanıldığını belirterek New York Federal Mahkemesi’ne başvurdu.
Dilekçede şu ifadeler yer aldı:
“Bu şikâyet, seçtikleri adayı desteklemekte özgür olan Amerikan vatandaşlarının haklarına ve görüşlerine saygısızlık etmeyi amaçlamıyor. Ancak, davacı vicdanı rahat bir şekilde, müziğinin bölücü, Amerikan karşıtı cehalet ve nefret kampanyası için bir tema şarkısı olmasına izin veremez.”
Young, telif
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una storia d'amore è qualcosa che solo le persone che hanno perso i sentimenti l'una per l'altra molto tempo prima della fine ufficiale della relazione possono fare.
In tutte le altre situazioni, una delle due parti (chi scarica) spera di tornare insieme all'altra (chi scarica), il che non finisce mai bene per nessuno.
Cosa fare quando un ragazzo diventa freddo dopo una rottura?
So che il vostro istinto iniziale, quando un uomo vi ignora, è quello di andargli dietro ancora di più.
È qualcosa che ogni essere umano è nato per fare. Siamo sempre più interessati alle cose che non possiamo avere.
La buona notizia è che gli uomini hanno lo stesso tipo di cablaggio. Vanno alla ricerca di ciò che gli sfugge dalle dita.
Quindi, se volete riconquistare il vostro ex o semplicemente fare in modo che parli di nuovo con voi, non inseguirlo...ignorarlo per ottenere la sua attenzione.
Fate girare la situazione a vostro piacimento. Se è abituato a vedervi sempre disponibili, a mandare un secondo messaggio quando non risponde la prima volta e a fare l'impossibile perché lui si accorga di voi, smettetela.
Noterà la vostra assenza meglio di qualsiasi altra cosa.
Non si tratta di giocare e di ingannarlo, ma di conoscere la psicologia maschile.
Se li spingete troppo, se li inseguite e cercate di forzare qualcosa con loro, si allontaneranno.
Se iniziate a concentrarvi su voi stesse e sulla vostra vita e sparite dal suo telefono e dalla sua casella di posta, lui passerà il giorno dopo a chiedersi: "Cos'è successo? Ha perso interesse?".
C'è una regola d'oro che ogni donna dovrebbe seguire quando si trova a vivere una rottura causata mal di cuore ed è ben nota ed estremamente efficace: La regola del non contatto.
Nessun contatto significa nessun tipo di contatto, nemmeno un buon compleanno o un messaggio casuale della buonanotte, nessuna richiesta tra gli amici comuni, nessuna consultazione dei suoi account sui social media, ecc.
Il l'effetto che la regola del divieto di contatto ha sulla psicologia maschile è davvero notevole.
Se c'è qualcosa che può scuotere il vostro ragazzo e fargli pensare: "Dio, come ho potuto lasciare andare questa ragazza?" è la regola del non contatto.
Spesso le persone si chiedono se gli stessi metodi possono essere utilizzati con i loro ex mariti e, sebbene queste situazioni siano un po' più complicate, la risposta è comunque sì.
Che si tratti di una relazione decennale, di un matrimonio o di pochi mesi, valgono le stesse regole.
Il bello circa la regola del non contatto è che serve sia come metodo di recupero per la rottura che come mezzo per ottenere la vostra ex indietro quindi si tratta di un accordo vantaggioso per tutti.
Prendete le distanze dal vostro ex e da tutta quella situazione. Lasciate che siano loro a venire da voi se mai dovessero avere un'epifania e rendersi conto di tutto ciò che hanno perso quando vi hanno lasciato andare.
Fidati, se il suo cuore è nel posto giusto, ti chiamerà, ti manderà messaggi e ti cercherà con tutto se stesso.
Ma se il suo cuore non è innamorato di voi, non potete fare nulla per fargli cambiare idea.
Se è così, se le cose sono davvero finite, dovete trovare un modo per accettarlo e andare avanti.
Prima lo farete, non importa quanto sia difficile, prima guarirete.
Non c'è niente di peggio che illudersi e aggrapparsi a qualcosa che non sarà mai.
Fate un lungo e profondo esame di coscienza e chiedetevi: "Merito di meglio del mio ex?". Sono certo che la vostra risposta sarà affermativa.
Riconoscete il vostro valore e osate chiedere più di quanto il vostro ex vi dava.
Perché se guardate alla vostra relazione passata da lontano, vedrete che ci sono state molte più cose negative che positive.
Vi accorgerete che non è la persona giusta per voi, come avete sempre pensato.
Forse c'è qualcuno di molto più adatto a voi, ma aggrappandovi così saldamente alla vostra situazione passata, vi state perdendo tutte le grandi cose che vi aspettano. Vi state perdendo un bravo ragazzo concentrandovi sulla persona sbagliata.
Quindi non fate questo a voi stessi e smettete di chiedervi: "Perché i ragazzi si raffreddano dopo una rottura?" e iniziate a chiedervi: "Come posso rendere la mia vita più calda, migliore e felice?", "Come posso attrarre un bravo ragazzo nella mia vita invece di ossessionarmi per quello sbagliato?".<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>- یاران ما پیشنهادهای بسیار خوبی دادید. حال ما باید شرورانه ترین آن را انتخاب کنیم!
- ارباب، مال من بهتر از همه ست. مال من رو انتخاب کنید.
- نه خیرم! مال من از مال تو قشنگ تر بود!
- کی گفته؟ ارباب خودشون می دونند که مال من بهتر بود! مگه نه ارباب؟
- الان ارباب واسه من رو انتخاب می کنند.
- نمی کنند!
- می کنند!
- نه! کسی اصلا از تو نظر نمی خواد!
مرگخواران به جان یک دیگر افتاده بودند و سر اینکه لرد چه پیشنهادی را انتخاب می کند، بحث می کردند.
- کافیست! می گوییم دیگر کافیست!
اما مرگخواران آنقدر سرگرم جر و بحث کردن، بودند که صدای لرد را نشنیدند.- گفتم دیگر کافیست! تمامش کنید!
لرد چنان فریادی سر مرگخواران کشید که تمام مرگخواران فراموش کردند داشتند راجع چه حرف می زدند.
- وقتی می گوییم بس است، یعنی دیگر بس است! لازم نکرده شما به من بگویید چه چیزی را انتخاب کنم و چه چیزی را انتخاب نکنم!
مرگخواران همه سر هایشان را پایین انداختند و حرفی نزدند.
- تام، فرزندم! چه اتفاقی افتاده؟ چرا اینطور فریاد می کشی؟
- به تو مربوط نمی شود که ما چه می کنیم پیرمرد! اصلا تو اینجا، در پشت صحنه چه می کنی؟
- تام تو هنوز هم که هنوزه یاد نگرفتی به بزرگتر از خودت احترام بذاری!؟ من صدای داد و فریاد شنیدم اومدم تا مشکلی که برات پیش اومده رو حل کنم...
- ما خودمان می توانیم مشکل خودمان را حل کنیم; نیازی به کسی نداریم که در کارمان دخالت کند!
- تام به معلم سابقت احترام بذار و بگو چی شده.
- مقام من بیشتر از آن است که بخواهم به توی پیر احترام بگذارم.
- اشتباه نکن تام! تو هنوز به اندازه من، ریش سپید نکردی پس می توان نتیجه گرفت تو هنوز به مقامی که من در آنم دست نیافتی.
- من به فراتر از آن دست یافتم پیرمرد!
با این حرف ولدمورت، یک محفلی سریع پرسید:
- شما که به مقام پرفسور دست پیدا نکردید چه جوری به فرا تر از آن رسیدین؟
هنوز لرد چیزی نگفته بود که بلاتریکس کروشیویی نثار محفلی کرد و گفت: اینطوری!
- ممنونم بلاتریکس!
- خواهش می کنم سرورم! حقش بود که بهش آودا می زدم ولی دلم براش سوخت.
- لازم نیز دلت واسه ما بسوزه!
جمعی از محفلی ها چوبدستی به دست روبه روی مرگخواران ایستادند، البته مرگخواران نیز بیکار نماندند و آنها نیز چوبدستی
های خود را بیرون کشیدند. دوباره دعوا بین دو جبهه شروع شد.
- هرچه می کشیم از دست این محفلی ها می کشیم. اگر هری پاتر فرار نکرده بود تا به حال نمایشمان به اتمام می رسید.
- تام، هری فرار نکرده...
- چرا، کرده است! همیشه همین کار را می کند.
- باز هم که دروغ گفتی تام. مثل همون شبی که تو جسد هری رو بین مردم آوردی و گفتی داشته از هاگوارتز فرار می کرده.
- خب داشت فرار می کرد! اصلا بی خیال آن شب. اگر راست می گویی که فرار نکرده پس او اکنون کجاست؟
- اصلا تو به هری چی کار داری؟
- بر طبق نام نمایش برای اجرا نمایش، به یک هری پاتر نیاز داریم.
- مگه نشنیدی که مدیر چی گفت!؟ هر کسی باید نقش خودش رو بازی کنه و از گروه دیگه کمک نخواد.
- چه کسی گفت که ما از محفلی ها کمک خواستیم!؟
ما فقط گفتیم هری را به ما بدهید.
- تو حق نداری یکی از اعضا محفل رو ببری.
- من هر کار دلم بخواهد می کنم پیرمرد!
- تام مودب باش! درضمن من پیرمرد نیستم!
- هستی! تو یک پیرمرد فرتوت و ناتوانی!
- تام فرزندم.حرفت رو پس بگیر!
- نمی گیرم پیرمرد!
- تام...- ساکت باشید!
با شنیدن این جمله تمام صدا ها خوابید. مرد سبیل کلفت که دوباره وارد سالن شده بود با عصبانیت به سمت ولدمورت و دامبلدور آمد.
- چرا شما نمی تونید آروم باشید؟ باید مثل سال اولی ها ارشد بالای سرتون باشه؟ بلد نیستین تئاتر بازی کنید؟
این حرف مرد، بد جور به ولدمورت و مرگ خواران برخورد. آنها خیلی خوب بلد بودند تئاتر بازی کنند.
- چه طور جرئت کردی به ما بگویی که نمی توانیم تئاتر بازی کنیم!؟ ما خیلی هم خوب بلدیم این کار را انجام دهیم ولی فقط مشکل کمبود هری پاتر داریم.
مرد سبیل کلفت با عصبانیت درحالی که زیر لب غر می زد به سمت جمعیت مرگ خواران رفت و دستش را داخل جمعیت فرو برد.
- الان مشکلتون رو حل می کنم!
مرد دستش را از لا به لای جمعیت بیرون آورد، دست فرد دیگری در دستش بود. مرد نگاهی به صاحب آن دست انداخت.
- آهان خودشه! همین خوبه!
- چی؟ من واسه چه کاری خوبم؟
- واسه ی ایفای نقش هری پاتر.
- چی؟ یعنی من... من... یعنی من تام جاگسن معروف، نقش اون پسره پاتر رو باید اجرا کنم؟
- بله! درکش خیلی سخته!؟
-آخه کجای من شبیه اونه؟ من از هری جذاب ترم! چرا من با این جذابیت، باید خودم رو شبیه هری، با اون زخمش بکنم؟
- واسه اینکه مجبوری!
- کی گفته مجبورم؟
- من می گم!
جینی از میان جمعیت برخاست و گفت:
- خیلی هم دلت بخواد! هری خیلی از تو خوشگل تر و شجاع تره!
تام بدون توجه به جینی آهی از ته دل کشید.
- آخه... آخه من چه گناهی کردم که باید به این بلا دچار بشم!؟
- ساکت! کسی بین شما گریم کردن بلده؟
کراب که با شنیدن این کلمه بسیار مسرور شده بود گفت:
- من! من! من بلدم!
- پس زود باش برو به کار گریم کردنت برس. این (درحالی که به تام جاگسن اشاره می کرد) رو هم ببر مثل هری پاتر کن. زودباش!
کراب فوری دست تام را گرفته و او را به پشت صحنه برد. مرد سبیل کلفت هم که مانند هرکول پوآرو گوشه سبیلش را می کشید لبخندی زد.
- به این می گن مدیریت بحران. یاد بگیرید!... دیگه منتظر چی هستید همگی بشینین سرجاهاتون! تا نمایش شروع بشه.
مرد این را گفت و از سالن خارج شد.
تا<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Esplorando il mondo affascinante delle tigri dai denti a sciabola
Conosciuta anche come Smilodon, la tigre dai denti a sciabola è un felino preistorico che ha lasciato un’impronta indimenticabile sulla storia naturale. Questa creatura spettacolare, esistita tra il Pleistocene inferiore fino all’Olocene, circa 2,5 milioni di anni fa, possedeva alcune delle caratteristiche più uniche e affascinanti tra i carnivori antichi.
Caratteristiche fisiche
Il nome “tigre dai denti a sciabola” deriva dal fatto che possedeva due lunghi canini superiori, lunghi fino a 28 centimetri, sagomati come una sciabola. Contrariamente a ciò che si potrebbe pensare, questi denti lunghi e affilati non venivano utilizzati per masticare, ma piuttosto per colpire e uccidere prede in un singolo, devastante morso.
Nonostante il loro aspetto minaccioso, gli studi suggeriscono che i denti delle tigri dai denti a sciabola erano in realtà fragili e soggetti a rotture se utilizzati in modo eccessivamente aggressivo o inadeguato. Come risultato, si ipotizza che la tigre dai denti a sciabola fosse un predatore molto metodico e paziente, attaccando solo quando aveva l’opportunità di colpire con precisione ed efficacia.
Habitat
Le tigri dai denti a sciabola vivevano in una varietà di ambienti, dalla savana alle dense foreste. Alcuni stadi del Pleistocene furono caratterizzati da estese aree di praterie, dove questi felini erano predominanti.
Curiosità
- Uno dei reperti più stupefacenti di una tigre dai denti a sciabola è stato scoperto nel Rancho La Brea, a Los Angeles, dove oltre 2000 scheletri di Smilodon sono stati trovati in eccellente stato di conservazione.
- A differenza delle tigri moderne, le tigri dai denti a sciabola avevano una coda corta, simile a quella del lince. Questa caratteristica potrebbe aver avuto un ruolo importante nella loro biomeccanica di caccia, fornendo loro un maggiore equilibrio durante i rapidi cambi di direzione.
- Nonostante fossero feroci carnivori, vi è evidenza di tigri dai denti a sciabola che sopravvivevano nonostante gravi lesioni e malattie, indicando che forse vivevano in gruppi e si curavano a vicenda.
Estinzione
L’estinzione delle tigri dai denti a sciabola rimane argomento di dibattito tra gli scienziati. Molte teorie attribuiscono il loro declino al cambiamento climatico, alla sparizione delle grandi prede a causa della competizione con i primi esseri umani e alla loro bassa tasso di riproduzione. Altri suggeriscono che la specializzazione eccessiva dei loro denti potrebbe aver contribuito alla loro estinzione, rendendoli incapaci di adattarsi quando le loro prede si evolsero e cambiarono.
Nonostante siano estinte, le tigri dai denti a sciabola continuano ad affascinare gli scienziati e il pubblico grazie alla loro unica combinazione di potenza, bellezza e mistero. Rappresentano un esempio affascinante di come le specie si evolvono per sopravvivere e prosperare – fino a quando non possono più farlo. Tra le creature preistoriche, le “tigri dai denti a sciabola” occupano sicuramente un posto di rilievo, un simbolo potente di un’era passata di cui ci rimane molto da apprendere.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>In sacred geometry, a circle is a wholistic symbol of the never-ending cycle of existence. When two circles intersect at the halfway point of each, a third shape is formed -- the vesica piscis -- an almond shape which, to pagans, represents the sacred yoni or vulva of the Divine Feminine. All of creation emerges through Her divine yoni from Her sacred womb. And all of creation returns to Her on death, to be reused in the Goddess's eternal cycle of transformation and regeneration. The vesica piscis also has Christian and Masonic interpretations.
In 1919, British architect and archaeologist Frederick Bligh Bond rendered a stylized vesica piscis symbol in wrought iron and wood to create the now famous cover for Chalice Well [see the photo in yesterday's post]. On the cover, the vesica piscis is bisected by a spear or sword. This may be interpreted generally as a symbol of the Divine Masculine (or more specifically, it might represent the spear which pierced Christ's body during the crucifixion or perhaps it is King Arthur's sword, Excalibur). The bisected vesica piscis is surrounded by foliage representing the Holy Thorn Tree
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DI UNA CAPITOLAZIONE 24/1/11
"MA CHE CI STA SUCCEDENDO?". ISRAELE VISTA DAGLI ISRAELIANI 17/1/11
HUMOUR ALLA GEROSOLIMITANA 11/1/11
BIDEN E RAMAT SHLOMO 10/3/10
OXFAM, GAZA WEEKLY UPDATE 14/01/10
JERUSALEM BLUE 21/11/09
OBAMA, IL NOBEL E GLI ARABI 9/10/09
IL PRIMA E IL DOPO GAZA NELLE CONSTITUENCY DI HAMAS 6/10/09
GERUSALEMME, SEGNALI PERICOLOSI
LA ECO-SCUOLA DEGLI JAHALIN 31/08/09
LA STRANA MORTE DI SHEYKH MAJID E IL CLAN BARGHOUTHI 29/2/08
Muore l'imam del paese di Marwan Barghouthi. Per tortura, dice la famiglia, la stessa del leader di Fatah in prigione. E il caso dell'imam di un paesino diventa un caso simbolo, contro gli arresti politici
Paola Caridi
Venerdi' 29 Febbraio 2008
KOBAR (RAMALLAH) - “Gli israeliani se l’erano tenuto cinque anni, nelle loro prigioni. Ma me lo avevano riconsegnato sano. L’Autorità se l’è tenuto cinque giorni, e me l’hanno ridato cadavere”. Non c’è provocazione, nella voce ferma di Umm Qassam. Suo marito, Sheykh Majid, è stato sepolto appena domenica scorsa, i suoi occhi sono ancora scuri per le lacrime versate, e lei non vuole “che ci siano altri sheykh Majid”. Che ci siano altri a cui tocchi la stessa sorte. Con l’ultima bambina di sei mesi in braccio, e il nono figlio in arrivo, Umm Qassam denuncia quello che è successo a suo marito, l’imam del paesino di Kobar, nell’area di Ramallah. Cisgiordania, dunque: lontana dai fuochi di Gaza, ma tutt’altro che normalizzata.
Tortura. E’ l’accusa rivolta ai servizi di intelligence palestinesi, che se lo sono portati, mentre era in moschea, a bordo di una macchina bianca che è partita a tutta birra, sotto gli occhi del primogenito, Qassam, 14 anni, i cui occhi tradiscono un passaggio repentino dall’infanzia all’età adulta. In un battito di ciglia. Suo padre se lo sono poi tenuto cinque giorni, a Ramallah, fino a che non è morto. Per un attacco di cuore, hanno detto le fonti ufficiali. Ma sheykh Majid era sano, grande e grosso, replica la famiglia, che parla invece di torture e distribuisce i cd con il video e le foto del corpo. Molti lividi sugli arti, segni che sembrano quelli di bruciature di sigarette, due grandi macchie sulla schiena. E le ferite a entrambi i polsi. Le stesse, identiche, che ci mostra Azzam Fathi, che per 22 ore dice di essere stato lasciato appeso con le corde ai polsi, picchiato e umiliato da quattro uomini mascherati. Sempre dell’intelligence dell’Autorità Nazionale.
Da Azzam Fathi, così come da sheykh Majid, volevano sapere dell’attività di Hamas. E soprattutto se il movimento islamista avesse armi nascoste lì intorno a Kobar. Gli uomini mascherati avevano accenti che veniva dal nord della Cisgiordania. Qalqilya, forse Jenin. Un particolare, questo, confermato da altre testimonianze raccolte a Ramallah, a Hebron, a Nablus: posti dove, negli scorsi mesi, ci sono stati centinaia di arresti dichiaratamente politici. Si convocano i militanti di Hamas, oppure si vanno a prendere a casa. E chi interroga, viene da una zona diversa, per evitare di essere riconosciuto.
Dignitosa, semplice, forte, Umm Qassam sta nella stanza riservata al lutto delle donne. Attorno a lei, come nella tradizione palestinese, ci sono parenti, amiche. O anche sconosciute, come Faiqa, che viene dal paesino di Barhoum, e si è precipitata lì, a Kobar, per dare le condoglianze a una donna mai vista. “Quando ho sentito quello che è successo, non ci potevo credere. Ho provato a dormire, ma mi sono svegliata urlando. Dovevo venire qui.”.
Faiqa non è la sola. Dai pulmini del servizio pubblico scendono altre donne, assieme a loro tanti bambini, per andare a consolare Umm Qassam. Suo marito, sheykh Majid, era come il parroco da noi. Da un quarto di secolo girava per i paesini attorno, a predicare. Era giovane, aveva 44 anni, ma era molto conosciuto. L’imam di Hamas, che predicava e faceva parte di coloro che contano nel paesino di Kobar. Quattromila anime, e di queste settecento con lo stesso identico cognome. Barghouthi, lo stesso cognome di Marwan, il leader più popolare di Fatah in carcere in Israele, l’unico che potrebbe competere, nell’animo dei palestinesi, con quello di Yasser Arafat.
Anche sheykh Majid portava lo stesso cognome. Anche lui era un Barghouthi, come suo cugino Marwan, con cui spesso discuteva animatamente di politica. Uno di Hamas, l’altro di Fatah. Le loro case distano un pugno di passi. Bianca, e disabitata, quella di Marwan. Quella di sheykh Majid, più povera, piena ora di bandiere verdi di Hamas, assieme a un grande manifesto che lo mette insieme a sheykh Ahmed Yassin e al suo successore, Abdel Aziz al Rantisi, uccisi in due raid israeliani nel 2004. Dista un pugno di passi anche la moschea in cui faceva l’imam.
Il funerale di sheykh Majid è stata la prima protesta pubblica tollerata dall’Anp dal coup a Gaza, nel giugno 2007. Da allora, le manifestazioni sono proibite. Impossibile, però, vietare il funerale “politico” di sheykh Majid. Tremila persone, forse di più, di Hamas ma anche di Fatah. E gli slogan contro l’Anp e il capo dell’intelligence, Tawfik al Tirawi.
L’imbarazzo dell’Anp è palpabile. Confermato dalla decisione di Abu Mazen di istituire subito una commissione d’inchiesta indipendente. Presieduta da un altro dei Barghouthi, Mustafa, deputato, critico severo di Abu Mazen e del premier Salam Fayyad. Il cognome di sheykh Majid, e il conseguente ruolo dell’intero clan Barghouthi, d’altro canto, hanno trasformato il caso dell’imam di Kobar in un caso nazionale: “il caso” che ha trasformato le voci sulle torture, gli arresti illegali, le violazioni dei diritti umani e civili in dibattito pubblico.
Muqbal Barghouthi, il fratello di Marwan, dice che suo fratello si è molto arrabbiato, nella sua cella, quando ha saputo quello che era successo. Ed è stato lui a chiedere una commissione indipendente che vada fino in fondo. Nonostante siano formalmente su fronti diversi, dentro Fatah o Hamas, i Barghouthi sono i Barghouthi. E il paese di Kobar ha sempre vissuto serenamente le differenze politiche. Lo si è visto con il caso di sheykh Majid. A controllare che tutto fosse come prima, che non ci fossero tensioni, ci hanno pensato Muqbal, di Fatah, e assieme a lui Mohammed Barghouthi, indipendente, ma ex ministro nel governo monocolore di Hamas, e poi in quello successivo di unità nazionale. I clan, le famiglie, in Cisgiordania, hanno ancora un peso importante. E possono anche dar fastidio all’Autorità Nazionale di Ramallah. In cantiere, per esempio, c’è l’idea di rivolgersi alla magistratura. Tutto il clan Barghouthi. Quindicimila uomini, in totale, tra la Cisgiordania e la diaspora, che potrebbe citare in giudizio l’intelligence. “Non vogliamo la vendetta. Vogliamo giustizia, attraverso il tribunale”, dice Mohammed Barghouthi, un carriera da preside di scuola, deciso a trasformare la morte di sheykh Majid in un caso simbolo per fermare tutti gli arresti politici.
Perché la tensione cova, e cova molto, sotto la cenere. I commenti che si sentono in questi giorni nei confronti dell’Autorità sono molto pesanti. Sia verso le forze di polizia, sia verso il governo Fayyad che non è riuscito ancora a ottenere niente dagli israeliani. Né la rimozione dei checkpoint, né lo stop alla crescita delle colonie. Il tam tam della strada dice che qualcosa entro la fine dell’anno succederà. Ma nessuno pensa che questa “cosa” sia la firma di un accordo di pace. Qualcosa succederà. Terza intifada? Conflitto fratricida tra i palestinesi? Chissà. La “strada palestinese” non lo dice. Ancora.
Leggi il reportage in prima pagina sul Riformista
<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>(Natural News) Goji berries are known by many names, such as “red diamonds” and “wolfberries.” Call them whatever you like, but these superfruits are among the most nutritious foods on the planet. These tasty little berries are native to China and have been used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for over 2,000 years. As such, they are often considered a “longevity food.”
Vibrant colors are often a sign of high antioxidant content in fruits and berries. With their signature bright red hue, goji berries are no exception. As a potent source of antioxidants, goji berries can effectively protect your body from oxidative stress and promote your overall health. More than just antioxidants, goji berries are also a delicious source of fiber, phytonutrients, vitamins, and trace minerals. Some of the nutrients found in goji berries include zinc, phosphorus, selenium, germanium, calcium, and vitamins A, B1, B2, B6, and C. (Related: Why goji berries might be the Holy Grail of health.)
Health benefits of goji berries
With their naturally high content of antioxidants, goji berries contain an array of health benefits.
Rich in antioxidants
This superfruit’s high content of antioxidants is the main reason why it’s often used in anti-aging creams and treatments. Goji berries contain high levels of potent antioxidant compounds such as carotenoids, lycopene, lutein, and polysaccharides.
Supports healthy eye functions
Organic goji berries are an excellent source of carotenoids, a vital nutrient for your eye health. Goji berries even contain more beta-carotene than carrots. Most importantly, goji berries are packed with zeaxanthin, a carotenoid known for its superb benefits for the eyes.
Supports the growth of healthy, radiant skin
Goji berries are loaded with vitamin C, beta-carotene and other antioxidants that promote healthy skin and improve your complexion. In fact, they contain just as much vitamin C as lemons and oranges.
Supports a healthy cardiovascular system
The high concentrations of antioxidants in goji berries help protect your heart from the harmful effects of oxidative stress. Recent studies note that the intake of goji berry extracts is linked to significant improvements in free radical scavenging activity in the heart.
Uplifts and elevates mood
This superfruit is also called “the happy berry” as it promotes inner balance and optimism through nutritional support of normal, healthy cognitive function. Consuming concentrated goji berry extract is linked to improved feelings and overall well-being.
Supports sensible weight loss plans
High in nutrients yet containing few calories and zero fat, goji berries make an excellent addition to your weight management plans. Goji berries are also naturally rich in fiber, which can help you manage your appetite by making you feel full for longer.
Supports healthy immune function
Since they are naturally high in antioxidants, goji berries are excellent at providing immune support. They are especially rich in vitamins A and C, which play vital roles in healthy immune function.
Supports a healthy liver
In traditional Chinese medicine, goji berries were used to support healthy liver function. This is why many Asians often add goji berries to medicinal soups and porridge.
Supports optimal cognitive health
According to research, consuming goji berries can have a positive impact on brain activity. The high quantities of antioxidants in goji berries can also protect your brain from oxidative stress.
Nearly all goji berries in the market are grown in China, so you may want to get only organic goji berries grown at high altitudes, far away from the pollution of the cities. That’s why Health Ranger Select Organic Goji Berries are sourced from only the cleanest goji berries in the mountains of Tibet. All product lots are lab tested for microbiology, heavy metals and glyphosate.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>mistaking वाक्य"mistaking" हिंदी में mistaking in a sentence
- While saying the remark was " a mistake,"
- I don't make mistakes, " he said.
- When a dairy farmer's wife makes a fatal mistake one
- The low scores are not ( caused by ) Brazilian mistakes,
- But make no mistake, each player will get equal time.
- Everyone makes mistakes, but apologies are few and far between.
- The scope of such mistakes is a matter of some dispute.
- They still do, even after he made a serious mistake.
- Cutler said that Nussbaum's advice had been a mistake.
- Sitting is a killer-- make no mistake about it.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Il nuovo World Quality Report 2015 di Capgemini parla chiaro: la velocità della digital transformation all’interno delle organizzazioni è stata identificata come un chiaro ostacolo, con il 55% delle aziende che riconosce nel “troppo rapido cambiamento delle funzionalità delle applicazioni” la loro più grande sfida.
Eccone gli impatti sulle iniziative di Testing e Quality Assurance (QA).<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>每到过年家家户户总要贴上春联因应节庆氛围(示意图)
星岛环球网消息：据台媒报道，春联起源于宋朝，每逢过年时段家家户户总要在门上、墙上贴上春联，以呼应过年的节庆氛围，全是着招祥纳福的含意。但过年时有其他的禁忌都能不能当人们 多加小心注意，越来越在春节期间贴上了春联后，有哪些然后将其撕下来才我不要 触犯到禁忌呢？关于其他，民间流传着四种 说法。
其一是“整年说”，旧的春联都能不能贴上一年，等到新的一年到来，才将其撕下用新的春联替补，此举有“辞旧迎新”的寓意，让新的一年都能充满福气地度过，而在其他年之中，是因为分析春联有破损的情形，就都能不能及时修补。
第二为“自然脱落说”，贴上春联后便都能不能将其放置不理，等到它因长期经风雨吹打而自然产生破损时，便都能不能把春联撕下。
第三则是“过节说”，是因为分析“过年”的民间故事中，有一头“年兽”出没在村落之中，村民们为了对抗年兽，便利用其害怕声音、火光和红色的弱点，放鞭炮、挂红灯否则 贴上春联，藉此驱赶牠，而春联作为对抗年兽的四种 法宝之一，自然待“年”过去后便都能不能将其撕下。但各地是因为分析习俗不同，年多会儿过完的定义全是所差异，其他地区认为农历“正月十五”元宵过去后便刚开始英文，全是地区嘴笨 农历“二月二”龙抬头时，才代表年已过完等。<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>What are Design Patterns?
Most of you already know what a design pattern is, but I want to make sure this blog is accessible to everyone. A design pattern is a set of “best practices” for how to structure your code to solve certain problems. It is not a completed library that you an plug in to your code base, but more like a template helping you determine how to structure the code you are writing.
There are a couple of good books out there describing Design Patterns. The one most people will point you to is the Gang of Four (Design Patterns: Elements of Reusable Object-oriented Software) book. I know it is probably blasph
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internal armed conflict,” and the need for the military to “clear a locality of insurgents or terrorists.” It was tragic to hear this peace prize winner justify the well-documented brutality and murder of the Rohingya Muslims by parroting back the Myanmar military strategy for “counterinsurgency and counterterrorism.” Genocide and ethnic cleansing are not proportional responses to actions of small insurgency groups.
In August 2017 hundreds of thousands of Rohingya Muslims began fleeing to southern Bangladesh from a military-led crackdown in Myanmar, also known as Burma. Around 750,000 have now fled into Bangladesh by land and by boat. What caused this exodus? After decades of severe discrimination from the Buddhist majority in Myanmar, a Rohingya insurgent group launched a series of attacks and killed a dozen members of Myanmar’s security forces. The government military responded with massive brutality, which included mass raping of women, throwing babies to their deaths, burning whole villages to cinders, and murdering anyone who got in the way. Thousands of Rohingya were killed.
In July 2018 U.N. Secretary-General Antonio Guterres wrote: “These victims of what has been rightly called ethnic cleansing are suffering an anguish that can only stir a visitors heartbreak and anger. Their horrific experiences defy comprehension…the Rohingya people are left with two dreadful options: stay on in fear of death or leave everything simply to survive.” Myanmar’s military used the pretext of an armed terrorist uprising to unleash a now well-documented genocidal campaign to rid the country of Rohingya Muslims.
Appallingly, Ms. Aung San Suu Kyi utilizes the same arguments that organizers of genocide and ethnic cleansing deployed throughout the 20th century to validate mass murder. In case after case — from the Armenian genocide, to the Holocaust, to Bosnia — the actions of insurgent groups are distorted and enlarged in order to gain public support for brutal actions against innocent and unarmed populations.
Justice Minister Abubacarr M. Tambadou of Gambia understands this history and rejects the facile, false and misleading arguments presented to the court by Ms. Aung San Suu Kyi, stating: “It is indeed sad for our generation that 75 years after humankind committed itself to the words ‘never again,’ another genocide is unfolding right before our eyes,” he said. “Yet we do nothing to stop it.”
William Felice is professor of political science at Eckerd College. He is the author of The Ethics of Interdependence: Global Human Rights and Duties (2016). He can be reached via his website: willliamfelice.com.
Tags: Asia, Aung San Suu Kyi, Bangladesh, Buddhism, Burma, Cultural violence, Direct violence, Ethnic Cleansing, Genocide, History, Human Rights, International Court of Justice, Justice, Maung Zarni, Myanmar, Racism, Religion, Rohingya, Social justice, Structural violence, United Nations
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We welcome debate and dissent, but personal — ad hominem — attacks (on authors, other users or any individual), abuse and defamatory language will not be tolerated. Nor will we tolerate attempts to deliberately disrupt discussions. We aim to maintain an inviting space to focus on intelligent interactions and debates.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>16 relazioni: Album discografico, Carl Wilson, Chaka Khan, Chicago (gruppo musicale), Chicago X, Columbia Records, Fender Rhodes, Gruppo musicale, Hot Streets, James Pankow, Legni, Peter Cetera, Robert Lamm, Sintetizzatore, Stati Uniti d'America, Terry Kath.
Un album discografico è un supporto discografico (in vinile o LP, CD, musicassetta, Stereo8, download digitale o altro formato) di lunga durata, contenente una raccolta di brani musicali di uno stesso artista o di più artisti differenti (compilation).
Era il più giovane dei fratelli Wilson (Brian e Dennis) fondatori del gruppo Beach Boys, partecipandovi in qualità di chitarrista, corista, e talvolta come cantante solista.
Chaka Khan nella sua carriera ha ricevuto numerosi Grammy Award, ed è conosciuta soprattutto per successi internazionali come I'm Every Woman, I Feel For You vecchia canzone del 1978 cantata da Prince Roger Nelson and Through the Fire.
I Chicago sono un gruppo rock statunitense, formatosi proprio a Chicago nel 1967.
Chicago X è l'ottavo album discografico in studio del gruppo musicale statunitense Chicago, pubblicato nel 1976.
La Columbia Records è la più antica etichetta discografica statunitense ancora in attività.
Il Fender Rhodes è un particolare tipo di pianoforte elettrico.
Un gruppo o complesso musicale è un sodalizio artistico composto da persone che suonano stabilmente musica insieme.
Hot Streets è il dodicesimo album della rockband americana Chicago, pubblicato nel 1978.
Nato a Saint Louis, Missouri, fratello maggiore dell'attore John Pankow, all'età di otto anni si trasferì con la famiglia a Park Ridge, nell'Illinois, dove cominciò a suonare il trombone alla St.
Sono detti correntemente legni alcuni strumenti musicali aerofoni in cui il suono viene prodotto attraverso un'imboccatura ad ancia (semplice o doppia) o attraverso un foro d'imboccatura.
Di padre siciliano di Ragusa.
Nato a Brooklyn, si è trasferito a Chicago quando aveva quindici anni con la famiglia.
Il sintetizzatore (abbreviato anche in synth dal termine in inglese synthesizer) è uno strumento musicale che appartiene alla famiglia degli elettrofoni.
Gli Stati Uniti d'America (in inglese: United States of America o anche solo United States; in sigla USA o anche solo U.S.), comunemente indicati come Stati Uniti e impropriamente con la sineddoche "America", sono una repubblica federale composta da cinquanta Stati e un distretto federale.
È morto a 31 anni, sparandosi involontariamente.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>SOFIA osserva la nascita di giovani stelle
L’osservatorio SOFIA (Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy) della NASA ha individuato parti di sei nubi interstellari in fase di collasso gravitazionale, sul punto di generare nuove stelle, astri che probabilmente un giorno saranno più grandi del nostro Sole.
Quando una nube gassosa collassa su se stessa, la gravità ne provoca la contrazione, che genera calore; questo processo può innescare nel nucleo le reazioni di fusione nucleare, da cui si forma una vera e propria stella.
Gli astronomi sono soddisfatti di questa ricerca perché le osservazioni dirette di questo processo sono state molto rare nel passato. I risultati di Sofia possono permettere agli scienziati di confermare i modelli teorici sul collasso delle nubi interstellari che porta alla nascita di una nuova stella, un fenomeno che avviene piuttosto in fretta in termini astronomici.
“Rilevare questo processo nelle protostelle è molto difficile, ma è fondamentale per confermare quanto sappiamo sulla formazione stellare”, afferma Erick Young, direttore operativo della missione scientifica.
Utilizzando lo strumento GREAT (German Receiver for Astronomy at Terahertz Frequencies), installato su SOFIA, gli scienziati hanno cercato questo stadio dello sviluppo stellare in nove stelle in stato embrionale, misurando i moti del materiale al loro interno e scoprendo che sei delle protostelle stavano effettivamente collassando su se stesse, l’inizio di un lieto evento celeste.
[ Barbara Bubbi ]
Credit NASA/JPL-Caltech/2MASS<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>The older I get, the more I think picture book biographies are some of the most inspirational seeds that allow meaningful conversations in classrooms to happen. Maybe it’s because I clearly see that a life is a story and that anytime we hear a story told, we have the opportunity to learn. As we connect deeply to a person through their story, we reflect on ourselves and our communities. We have the chance to think about things in new ways. Kids get it too. A few years ago I asked some of my students why biographies needed to be shared. Their responses revealed a lot. Some highlights:
- “I like those books that tell the story of someone who can’t but then they did.”
- “It’s so we can know that one person can change things.”
- “These books teach us about community and dreams. We should think about that.”
- “They show me not to be scared.”
I have a new must read biography that I think is particularly timely for its messages about standing together for truth and justice:
Stand Up and Sing! Pete Seeger, Folk Music, and the Path to Justice written by Susanna Reich and illustrated by Adam Gustavson Forward by Peter Yarrow (Bloomsbury 2017)
This detailed biography would make an incredible read aloud. It is a story to share over multiple read aloud sessions. There is much on every page for discussion and elaboration. The full page illustrations tell a beautiful story as well. Looking closely at these allows the reader to move through one life and decades of history.
I first read this book about three weeks ago. It was a humbling experience. I closed the book and felt a strange mix of fired up and sad and quiet. I began to do some of my own further reading about Pete Seeger, often realizing songs I have known all my life were songs he had written. This took me down further thinking paths.
The sadness came from a reaction to current day news and media coverage. There is so much in stories about people that is about self rather than other. Pete Seeger clearly lived a life where self and others were completely intertwined. His motivations were clear and strong. He respected the truth. He valued its importance. He valued social justice as our most important goal to attain. I think my sadness came from just acknowledging the loss of Pete Seeger who passed away in 2014. In many senses, my sadness has no place because Pete did his work through music and music has some of the most incredible lasting power of any medium. Power to wash over people. Become part of their motivation. Become part of their own story.
I picked up and reread this story a few times over the past few weeks. Over multiple readings, I have been inspired by Seeger’s commitment to use music as a vehicle to unite people over important issues. Pete Seeger was motivated early on in his life by folk music and the connection between audience and musician. He recognized that the content of songs could be transformative.
I was reminded of precious Thursday afternoons of recent years experiencing a room full of music. My class had the weekly opportunity to sing with the talented Jill Samycia from St. James Music Academy. Singing together brought a joy and a connection to our community. There is such power in singing together especially when the lyrics hold messages of hope.
Susanna Reich’s account of Seeger’s life brings particular questions to the surface numerous times:
What do we notice?
What speaks to us?
How do these things shape our work? Our actions? How do they form our truth?
Pete Seeger‘s life work was his music. Through music he conveyed his love of people, equity and justice. Reich explains that Pete “saw that music could fill a room with peace and harmony. . . ” A wish to make this happen is what motivated him to become a more accomplished musician.
Seeger‘s path was not an easy one. His end goal wasn’t fame and fortune. It was to lead people in song. He wanted to “sing for – and with – average working folks.”
His courage, his commitment to peace, the rights of everyone in a society and hope for our world live on in his music.
Such an incredible story of one man. Back matter includes an important author’s note, a list of quotes, detailed sources and a list of popular recordings.
Recommended for Grades 3 to 8.
Thanks to Alyson from Kid Lit Frenzy for the inspiration to read and share more nonfiction picture books in 2017. Follow the link to Alyson’s blog to read about more nonfiction books you need to read!
I am participating in the Slice of Life challenge to write and publish a post every day in March.
Slice of Life is hosted by Two Writing Teachers. I thank them for the community they provide. Read more slices here.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>据沃神爆料，凯尔特人队主帅乌度卡因违反球队纪律将面临非常严峻的停赛处置，随后有美国媒体走漏，原因是乌度卡越轨了球队内部一名女人员工。
乌度卡上一年第一个赛季执教凯尔特人就带领球队杀进了总决赛。据了解，现在凯尔特人正在议论对乌度卡的处理意见，他或许不会因而丢掉作业，但会面临长时间的禁赛。绿军方面或许会让助教乔-马祖拉担任球队暂时主帅，后者自2019起初步担任凯尔特人助教。
其他有音讯称，乌度卡越轨的音讯爆出之前，就现已与未婚妻分手了，乌度卡的未婚妻是一名比他大七岁的艺人，出演过多部电影。两人虽未成婚，但育有一个孩子。<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>According to the information that came with it, the dinosaur plant is one of the longest-living plants in the world. During the Carboniferous period, it grew to over 120 feet, but it mutated and became very small during the ice age. The plant is hygroscopic; when lacking water, the plant curls in on itself to "sleep", then blows around until it finds a source of water again. It does not need to bury its roots when it does find water, and the leaves and stems can uptake water directly. The plant can sleep for up to fifty years and still spring back to life within a day when placed in water!
The plant is currently native to Mexico and Texas, in desert and semi-desert regions.
We found that the plant did indeed open very quickly when filled with water. After a couple of weeks, we let the plant dry out and, as claimed, the plant soon curled up to "sleep".
A month later, we refilled the bowl with water and watched it wake up once again:
Adding the water
The center of the plant unfurled even further over the next couple of hours. This was fun to watch and discuss.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Today, we have toilets that automatically flush, self-parking automobiles, and WiFi-enabled wrist watches. But we still can’t use our energy efficiently.
Despite Energy Star appliances and electric vehicles, energy waste is still a colossal problem in the United States. Not convinced? These seven facts might change your mind:
The United States wastes more than 60% of its energy.
Most power plants in the United States are only 33% energy efficient. This rate has not changed since the 1950s.
If every American home replaced just one light bulb with an Energy Star bulb, the amount of energy saved could light more than 3 million homes for a year.
About 75% of the energy used to power our electronic devices is consumed when the products are turned off.
America is home to only 5% of the world’s population, but consumes 23% of its energy.
A quarter of your heating and cooling bill could be going out the window each month – literally. About 25% of the air inside your home or business can escape through single-glazed windows.
The average car emits 3 times its weight in CO2 every year.
One way businesses can reduce their energy waste is by investing in power monitoring equipment. Using the power meters, submeters, and energy management software available from Electro Industries, many of our customers report cutting their total energy consumption by 20% or more.
Interested in learning more about what we can do for you? Visit our website for more information, or give us a call at 866-928-7908.April 1, 2016<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Bachelor gradi da istituti accreditati e le università possono essere importanti pietre miliari verso una carriera di successo.Il più comune tipo di corso di laurea è una laurea 's, di solito assegnato dopo quattro anni di studio di successo
Gli studi di business si riferiscono a un'area disciplinare che comprende corsi come finanza, marketing, tecniche di leadership e gestione del denaro. Le lezioni possono essere seguite come parte di uno specifico titolo di laurea o per prepararsi a una carriera negli affari.
In Senegal sono disponibili molte opzioni diverse per l'istruzione superiore. Gli ultimi anni hanno visto un afflusso di studenti internazionali, dal momento che sono stati messi in atto diversi programmi per migliorare lo stato delle istituzioni universitarie.
I migliori Corsi di laurea di primo livello in Business in Senegal 2018
or search for similar programs here
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the other person loses, but as soon as you have more people, you can get sort of coalitions and people inadvertently ganging up on a particular person.
Mirsky: You quote early in the book, I think it's Nick the Greek, the famous gambler, and somebody, I forget who, asked him, "How do you win so consistently?" and it's because he said, "I'm not playing against the house, I'm playing the other players at the table and I know who these people are and I know how they behave." So for him, it was like a psychology experiment.
Kucharski: Completely, and that was actually Dick Feynman was the physicist. I think he liked Vegas for the girls and the food but didn't like the gambling so much. But he was couldn't understand how you had a guy who made his money as a professional gambler, and, as you mentioned, Nick really understood the odds so well that he could actually take people on in side bets. People had these superstitions and were trying to place these kind of big money on things which weren't optimal, and that was really the case in lots of gambling. Subsequently, people have done well, and just in a lot of other areas of life, people who understand situations and understand the odds a lot better generally can perform much better in those kind of situations.
Mirsky: You mentioned before the historical aspect, and the very beginning of your book talks about the fact that nowadays we think of probability theory as ways to analyze these games. But, historically, probability theory came from gambling, because gambling has been around for thousands of years, probability theory has not been. So, when mathematics started to become really sophisticated in, well, the Middle Ages and then into the Renaissance and the Enlightenment, you really had some people like Pascal starting to analyze what was going on in gambling, and that's where we get our modern probability theory.
Kucharski: I found this really surprising, actually, _____ in the book, because I think there's a lot of quite well known examples of people using math and science to beat the house with card counts and this sort of thing, but really, the relationships work both ways. It's not just gamblers using science. In many cases, science has benefited enormously from people studying the house. Back in _____, actually, probability theory was developed to study these games. I mean can you imagine having bets where it's not actually clear what a fair game is. You know, if I was to come up with two sixes, that's just good luck. There's no way of measuring the possible outcomes and what could happen. _____ this theory from probability statistics, and actually more recently things like game theory and _____ theory originated with studying games of chance. I think science actually has benefited a lot from people's curiosity about gambling.
Mirsky: Yeah, you have a specific example, I think it was Pascal, and the question was is it more likely for me to roll a six with one die in four chances, or to roll two sixes with two dice in 24 chances, which if you just look at the arithmetic of it, it looks like the same bet but it's not –
Mirsky: —from a ballistic point of view.
Kucharski: Exactly, and that had been around a while, those kind of bets and those kind of questions, and so it was Fermat and Pascal who developed _____ theory, and one of the crucial things was this concept of an expected value. You know, if you play a game repeatedly, what do you expect to win on average? Until you have that kind of theory in place, it's very hard to actually compare two bets directly and work out which one is more preferable.
Mirsky: Right, so you're really in the dark until you have all the data necessary to know what the true expected value is.
Kucharski: Exactly, yeah, and until you can do those calculations, and if you can imagine from these kind of _____ gamblers' point of view, as soon as you have those kind of methods, you've just got a huge advantage over anyone else you're betting against.
Mirsky: Absolutely. In fact, now that we're talking about expected value, let's talk about some of the lottery cases that you discuss in the book, because for certain lotteries, there is an expected value for your ticket that suddenly makes it actually reasonable to play the lottery. We actually had this just recently, and I forget what the Powerball was worth, $1.4 or $1.5 billion, and once it got to a certain level, your $2.00 ticket actually had an inherent value over $2.00, not by much, $2.02 maybe. It was still a sucker's bet, but from a computer mind point of view, now it's reasonable to at least buy one ticket because you have potential value greater than – I mean, obviously, the big potential value is $1.5 billion, but your actual value of that ticket before the numbers are drawn is more than $2.00. You talk about these particular lotteries. They tend to be fairly low in value compared to the Powerball, they're only a couple million, but because of a quirk in the rules, some people figured out that there comes a time when it's really almost a sure thing to bet in a certain way.
Kucharski: Exactly, and that's expected value, when you have lotteries that tip into this situation, where on average the ticket is worth more than actually the amount you're paying to buy it. But really, it's not just the expected value you have to consider, so for a lot of these teams, that's the calculation that motivates them to carry it out but it's the logistics of buying up the ticket. So a good example was, this is over 20 years ago now, in _____ _____ they worked out that it would cost about £1 million to buy up all the tickets. So, by definition, you would have the winning ticket if you bought everything, which was feasible if you had enough people and enough bankroll to carry that out and actually just buy up all the options. Even though the lottery tried to stop them, they actually managed to get most of it in the end and net the jackpot.
But I think things like the Powerball, that issue of bankroll and almost money management becomes more important, because whether the expected value might be positive, so you might, on average, if you play the game lots of times, expect to make money, the chance of you going bankrupt, if you have to buy millions and millions of tickets to make the win, for most people that's not a reasonable option. I think, historically, that's been quite an interesting debate from a kind of mathematical point of view because the mathematicians would value stuff on expected value, whereas, for instance, an economist might look more at utility, so this concept of how much is something worth to you. A good example is the insurance industry. If you buy insurance on something, on average, you're losing money, but I think most people would rather kind of have a predictable loss than suddenly take a big hit, and it's the same with the lottery. That very small chance of a big win for most people isn't worth the almost certain chance of losing the price of their ticket.
Mirsky: Right, but these consortiums have been put together in various lotteries at various places around the world where a large number of people all get together and figure out a system for buying up all the tickets.
Kucharski: They do, and a really good example was a few years ago in the Massachusetts state lottery. This actually started with a college project. Someone was just comparing lotteries and seeing which would be profitable, and actually noticed that one of them would be profitable, and there was this loophole where if you bought enough tickets in certain weeks, you could almost certainly guarantee that you're going to come away with money. I think what they called the statistical sweet spot was about 300,000 tickets.
Mirsky: The key is that the value of the win is worth more than the price of all the tickets.
Kucharski: Exactly, yes. You've got the value of the win, and of course for lotteries, often you scoop lower-tier prizes. It's not just the jackpot; you get the lower levels, as well. So that makes the math a bit more difficult, but really, they worked out that this loophole was there and engineered all these ticket purchases. In one great case, actually, this profitable situation was meant to happen when the jackpot reached $2 million, because that's when the lottery would redistribute the prizes. In one week, they actually worked out how to nudge the prize to activate a couple of weeks early, so everyone else is expecting this roll-down to happen I think at the end of the month, and this syndicate bought about 700,000 tickets, so not just exploiting a loophole but actually nudging the system into something that would profit them and no one else, so fantastic example I think of just ingenuity.
Mirsky: It's a fairly common story with these consortiums that if something goes wrong and they're not able to buy up 100 percent of the tickets, they might get 80 percent of the tickets, and so when the drawing comes they're on tenterhooks because they have invested hundreds of thousands of dollars, and although the odds are now hugely in their favor, they still have a one in five, one in four chance of losing.
Kucharski: That's a concern. I mean obviously if you've invested that much money, and the example of the Irish lottery a few years ago, I think they had about 80 percent of the tickets, and that does give you a huge amount of nerves when the lottery comes. One of the things I found remarkable talking to people who run a lot of these very successful syndicates is they _____ _____ celebrate their wins, because if you think, if there's that much uncertainty when the event comes, you're still gambling, really. There's still a lot of luck involved. So, if you've got something which is a solid system, you shouldn't really be celebrating or commiserating too much because you should have some control over what's happening. So I think in those cases where you have people who are nervously awaiting their draw, that suggests that they didn't quite get there in terms of perfecting their system.
Mirsky: You talk in the book about the fact that poker is really hard to play with a computer, there are challenges in poker that are different from other games that computers do really well in. What are those challenges, and where are the poker bots, and will they be taking over eventually all the online gaming sites?
Kucharski: Poker I think is a really good example to look at when you're investigating artificial intelligence. So, historically, you've seen games like checkers a few years ago, which was the optimal strategy was found. Obviously, chess, there was a lot of focus with Deep Blue and these kind of chess computers.
Mirsky: And now Go.
Kucharski: Now with Go, exactly. One of the reasons that poker is very different is what's known as the incomplete information game. If you think of something like chess, everything you see is front of you, all the information you need, which means that from a computational point of view, there's not really any element of chance or unknown information. So, in theory, if someone came up with a perfect strategy, they could just implement that and they'd get the same result every time. But poker is, in many ways, a more realistic game because in reality, in many situations, we do have hidden information. We don't know what the other person is thinking, what actions that they could take, and that's why I think from a computer point of view, it's a more challenging and more interesting problem, potentially, because you have to deal with this risk, you have to make decisions anticipating what the other person is doing. You can't just rely on probability. You have to, to some extent, account for what they're doing, you know, why are they placing low bets, why are they placing high bets, how can I adapt my strategy to work out what the other person is up to?
Mirsky: Online gambling is hugely popular, but is the future of it just going to be people having their bots gamble, or are actual human beings going to be playing these games? Certainly, human beings will be playing, but will they ever win?
Kucharski: That's a really good question, and it's been incredibly fast, actually, how these bots have improved over recent years, even since I started writing the book. I think some of the teams were a bit cagey about how good they were, and now clearing up these games, so even when you've got multiple players and very high stakes, arguably better than most humans. One of the things that was really interesting is actually a lot of the teams and researchers behind these bots, by their own admission, aren't very good poker players. I think that's a really interesting element of artificial intelligence, that these bots aren't good because you've got a human to tell them how to play; you've essentially created something which can learn on itself. Even if you go back to Alan Turing's kind of famous imitation game of can a computer convince someone that it's a human, in some ways these bots, I think, are edging away at those kind of issues because you've got these bots which can play so much better than their creators.
If you read interviews about a lot of these people who've played the bots, they talk about them like humans because the bots trick them, they deceive them, they're regressive, and these are just computers that have learnt by playing against themselves billions of times. There's no human element in there, and yet they've worked out how to bluff, they've worked out how to deceive people. I think it's really kind of fascinating insight into the learning process, and in some cases, things like bluffing that we think are very human traits actually are just the mathematically optimal thing to do.
Mirsky: That's really interesting. Well, we all think of our computers as human no matter how sophisticated the computer is, because we yell at our computers, we smack them on the side of the head and say, "What are you doing? Why did you do that?" Why did you write the book?
Kucharski: Really, throughout my career, so I trained as a mathematician and I'm now working kind of _____ _____ public health. But there's always been an interest in these games and gambling. I think anyone with a kind of mathematical mindset is always interested in looking for how games can be beaten and understanding risks. I mean I think during my Ph D , when a lot of these funds which – so you got recruiters kind of e-mailing you from banks and from all these other kind of familiar candidates, but it was people who had the betting equivalent of hedge funds, people who were making money predicting sports. It was something that I was so unaware of was a viable industry and seeing how that had grown, and actually the more I started digging into the history, realizing that mathematicians from Galileo to Turing had been interested in gambling.
They weren't professional gamblers and that wasn't their career choice, but for them it was just a way to play around with ideas. I think that really explained to me why I had this fascination with these kinds of problems, because all the people I've talked to researching the book, although many of them don't actually work as professional gamblers, they've got that scientific mindset and they've got that curiosity about games. I think that was just a fascinating thing to explore, and many of the stories in the book I think kind of illustrate how close science and gambling have been historically. Actually today, there's many of the interesting developments, as well, which are coming out of this relationship between the two industries.
Mirsky: Yeah, you have a quote in the book, I forget who it's by, but it says something like once you have enough information, your gambling site is no longer gambling, you're the manager of a hedge fund.
Kucharski: Exactly, so I think that was a quote I think from one of the columnists. It was about these funds, they're essentially hedge funds that are offering sports betting as an asset class. I mean they're very much calling it an alternative asset class. Their argument is if you've got a guy who knows a lot about commodities and can outplay the markets, how is that different to a guy who knows a huge amount about sports and can outplay a betting market. Whereas, arguably, in betting you've got a lot of people who have very little expertise playing, and if you've got an edge, you can make money. I think it's much smaller in terms of scale, and not all of these funds, some have been quite successful, some have had more limited success, but I think it's an interesting debate to have over actually what constitutes an investment, and where are we comfortable putting our money in these kind of activities that involve risk.
Mirsky: Yeah, I don't know if you've been following here in the states, there have been legal cases about some betting sites, about whether they should be legal or not because the proprietors say it's a game of skill. New York state, for example, is going after I think Draft Kings, and I forget what the other site is called, but saying, "No, this is gambling." Statistics came out that a tiny percentage of the players are winning most of the money because they're not necessarily the guy who knows the most about sports; they're mathematicians and physicists that have Ph D 's. They've created algorithms that track all the data, especially in a sport like baseball, where it's a lot of discreet events, so the statistics become very meaningful for trying to predict the future. These guys are winning almost all the money, and so this is a perfect example. It's not gambling for them. For a lot of them now it's a full-time job.
Kucharski: I think the emergence of fantasy sports, so some of these W eb sites you mentioned, is a really interesting development in the U.S., because the argument of course is it's skill because you're predicting which players or which teams are going to do well, and you're essentially placing money on that prediction being correct. But of course sports betting, where you make a prediction about which teams are going to go well and place money on that, is still defined as betting in a lot of places, and I think it's really showing that almost the divide between skill and luck isn't very neat. We can't separate things into, "This is gambling and this is not gambling." A lot of these games where, as you said, if you've got _____ betters making most of the money by using their advantage in terms of how they can analyze the data, and certainly that happens in finance all the time, it happens in investments all the time, I mean if you're calling fantasy betting a game of skill, or fantasy sports a game of skill, then that I think will have implications for how we view other aspects of sports betting, as well.
Mirsky: So you're now getting a master's in public health. Are you going to be doing massive database assemblages and crunching and tracking epidemic pathways, things like that?
Kucharski: At the moment, actually, I'm working, so I've got a Ph D already in that.
Mirsky: Oh, sorry. I thought
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uri!
Non contare le candeline, guarda le luci che esse emanano. Non contare gli anni, ma la vita che vivi. Ti auguro un felice compleanno ed un meraviglioso tempo che verrà.
Dimentica il passato; guarda al futuro, perchè il meglio deve ancora venire.
buon compleanno frasi belleUn compleanno è una nuova partenza, un dolce inizio ed un tempo in cui rinnovare i propri sforzi e i propri obiettivi. Vai avanti con sicurezza e coraggio. Sei una persona davvero speciale.
Buon compleanno! Possa la tua bacheca Facebook essere riempita di messaggi da persone con cui non parlerai mai :-)
Pensavo di regalarti il dono più prezioso del mondo. Poi ho realizzato che non è possibile, perchè la cosa più preziosa al mondo sei tu.
Possa questo compleanno essere solo l'inizio di un anno pieno di ricordi felici e momenti meravigliosi.
Non sei davvero cresciuto fino a quando non hai capito che tua madre aveva sempre ragione.
Ti auguro tutto il meglio, solo un po 'in ritardo.
Vorrei poter scrivere il tuo nome sul cielo per far sapere al mondo quanto sei speciale per me. Qui ti auguro un felice compleanno!
tantissimi auguri di buon compleannoScusa, ho dimenticato il giorno più importante dell'anno ... tantissimi auguri per il tuo compleanno!
Sorella, siamo una coppia fantastica perché abbiamo sempre un aspetto magnifico nelle nostre foto! Buon compleanno.
Potrei aver dimenticato il tuo compleanno, ma non mi sono dimenticato di te! Tantissimi auguri!
Yippee! Un altro compleanno per te! Mi sto avvicinando a godere dei benefici del tuo piano assicurativo!
Non c'è alcun problema a invecchiare se hai risolto il tuo piano di vita in anticipo. Buon compleanno!
Ogni anno, ti auguro di essere più saggio, solo per essere deluso in seguito! Tantissimi auguri a te!
Sembra che non abbiamo abbastanza spazio sulla torta per mettere il giusto numero di candeline! Tantissimi auguri per il tuo compleanno!
Buon compleanno! Concentrati di più sui ricordi meravigliosi e meno sui tuoi capelli grigi!
auguri di buon compleanno originaliLa tua altezza ha sicuramente ricevuto una spinta, ma la tua saggezza no! Tantissimi auguri di buon compleanno!
L'età non ha importanza, puoi festeggiare quanto vuoi.Auguri amica mia!
Quanti anni avresti se non sapessi quanti anni hai?
Borsa Paige
Un altro anno di te è una ragione sufficiente per tutti noi di festeggiare con la torta!
Mantenere il cuore senza rughe, essere fiduciosi, gentili, allegri, riverenti... cioè trionfare sulla vecchiaia.
Thomas Bailey Aldrich
Oggi dovrebbe essere una festa nazionale perché è il giorno in cui è nato il mio migliore amico!
frasi profonde per compleannoUn augurio di compleanno dal mio cuore al tuo Sono così fortunato ad averti nella mia vita Ti auguro tutto il meglio. auguri di compleanno oggi, mia cara.
Sei davvero una persona così speciale e unica, una persona straordinaria. Sono così fortunato ad averti nella mia vita. Buon compleanno.
Ti meriti il mondo, mia cara.
Buon compleanno a un'anima molto speciale
Buon compleanno a un essere umano molto speciale.
Ogni anno in cui arriva il tuo compleanno è un'opportunità in più per festeggiare la persona meravigliosamente speciale che sei.
Sei sempre tutto per me
e molto più delle sole parole
può dire, se sei qui vicino a
me o anche da lontano, molto lontano.
Buon compleanno.
Sei il centro del mio universo. È difficile credere all'incredibile impatto che solo una persona può avere nella tua vita, ma l'effetto che hai avuto sul mio è enorme. Tu sei il centro del mio universo e io non riesco a immaginare un mondo in cui tu non sei una parte di esso.
tantissimi auguriSpero che il tuo compleanno sia proprio come te ... semplicemente fantastico. Tantissimi auguri!
Ti invio sorrisi per ogni momento del tuo giorno speciale. Buon divertimento e buon compleanno!
Buon compleanno! Spero che tu abbia una giornata memorabile. (te lo meriti davvero)
Invecchiando? Questo significa solo che stai diventando più distinto!
Buon compleanno! Sei proprio come un buon vino... migliori lentamente con l'età.
Il tuo compleanno è la scusa perfetta per bere in un giorno feriale. Buon compleanno!
Ehi fratello, hai un anno in più e non sei maturato molto, ma è per questo che ti voglio bene! Tantissimi auguri!
Un altro anno per dimostrare che più vecchio non significa davvero più saggio. Buon compleanno!
Attraverso alti e bassi, pioggia e sole, sei sempre al mio fianco. Spero che il tuo compleanno sia perfetto come te.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Paralelyüz Terimi Hakkında Bilgiler
Matematik-Geometri Terimi Olarak Paralelyüz:
Tüm yüzleri paralelkenar olan prizma.
Benzer Matematik-Geometri Terimleri:
Zıt Işınlar: 1- Aynı doğrultu üzerinde başlangıç noktaları ortak, yönleri ters olan iki ışın. 2- Başlangıç noktaları aynı (ortak), bileşimleri bir doğru oluştu
Doğru Orantı: 1- Orantılı iki ifadeden biri artarken diğeri de artıyor, bir azalırken diğeri de azalıyorsa bu iki ifade doğru orantılıdır. 2- Biri artarken diğer
Geometrik Çözüm: Bir problemin geometrik yöntemlerle çözümü.
Düzgün Kaplama: 1- Bir düzlemsel bölgenin boşluk kalmayacak ve figürler üst üste gelmeyecek biçimde yansıma, dönme, öteleme ve ötelemeli yansıma dönüşümleri yardımıyl
İç Ters Açı: Herhangi iki doğruyu üçüncü bir doğru kestiğinde, bu doğruların arasında ve kesenin her iki tarafında komşu olmayan açılar.
Negatif Yön: Herhangi bir açının bir kenarından diğer kenarına saat yönünün ters yönünde gidildiğinde oluşan açının yönü.
Ratio: İngilizce de oran
X Ekseni: Kartezyen koordinat sistemindeki yatay eksen.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>We are back from a week long vacation in Lake Tahoe and boy was it fun! The lake was very full and very blue, lined with a forest of pine trees and sandy beaches it was the ultimate Summer getaway! Our trip inspired this week’s watercolor tutorial, pine trees at the lake.
In this watercolor tutorial you’ll learn four different pine tree techniques and a very easy four-step process to paint a lake view of pine trees like the one above! This project is great for kids and beginner painters as well. You don’t need anything special just watercolors, water, paper and a small brush. If you would like to see my watercolor basic supplies recommendations check them out here.
So to begin, let’s practice some different watercolor pine tree techniques:
Pine Tree 1: Brushed. The first technique involves using the tip of your watercolor brush to create lines in a downward, angled pattern. Start with the left side, working your way downward, then repeat the process on the right side.
Pine Tree 2: Blobbed. The second technique is similar to Pine tree 1 but with much less precision. For this tree, move quickly and blob more water and brush downward to create a fuller, messier tree.
Pine Tree 3: Triangle. The triangle tree is very simple and involves painting an elongated triangle shape and filling in the center to make a full tree.
Pine Tree 4: Mix. The mix tree is a composition of Pine Tree’s 1,2 and 3. A triangular base with blob and brush stroke limbs.
Experiment with these four techniques and then your own pine tree will start to emerge. This is the part where art happens. Don’t forget to go back and add some simple trunks to your pine trees.
After you have experimented with pine trees and created some that you like; go ahead and paint three simple pine trees on a blank piece of watercolor paper.
Add a yellow “sand” area, that comes up to midway of the trunk of the trees.
Add a blue background that does not reach the tops of the trees. This is the lake.
Lastly, let’s add some light grey mountains in the background.
There we have it, a lake beach pine tree scene. This is such a fun watercolor tutorial my girls had a blast learning about pine trees yesterday.
Don’t forget to check out my other art lessons, family DIY projects and Youtube videos! You can easily incorporate art into your everyday with your kids, check back often for more projects and tutorials.
Pin it for later!<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Report from June 2000 to the governor and legislature on the "magnitude and scope" of the abandoned mined lands issue in California.
Estimates of the number of abandoned mine sites and abandoned mine features in California have been amended since an estimate of 128,800 mining features on 39,000 historic and inactive abandoned mine sites was first reported in the Department of Conservation’s 2000 publication California’s Abandoned Mines: A Report on the Magnitude and Scope of the Issue in the State.
The Department estimated in the 2000 Report that 48.5% of the abandoned mine sites were located on federal lands, 1.5% on other public lands, and 50% on private lands. The new estimates are provided below.
The estimated number of abandoned mines in the state is 47,084.
Of these, 5,200, or 11%, are estimated to present environmental hazards.
Also, 39,400, or 84%, are estimated to present physical safety hazards.
- There are approximately 164,795 mining features in the state.
- 67% of the abandoned mine sites in California are on Federal lands.
31% are on private lands.
2% are on state and local lands.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Sulle lacune offensive del Palermo pesa un importante dato: il Palermo è l’unica formazione di serie A cui ancora non è stato concesso un calcio di rigore a favore. Empoli e Udinese, che lo accomunavano nella statistica, ne hanno beneficiato nelle ultime giornate. Probabilmente i rosa non entrano molto nelle aree di rigore avversarie, ma certamente il fatto è quantomeno singolare: l’ultimo penalty calciato dal Palermo (e trasformato proprio da Vazquez) risale al 31 maggio 2015 a Roma contro i giallorossi. A oggi, 9 mesi di astinenza. Di seguito la foto.
Palermo: unica squadra con zero rigori all’attivo. Nove mesi di astinenza, l’ultima volta nel maggio del 2015
I rosa non calciano un rigore da maggio 2015.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Gli inserti di canapa Charlie Banana® sono progettati appositamente per i genitori che cercano fibre naturali per i bambini che necessitano di una assorbenza maggiore. La canapa è nota per avere queste proprietà.
Questi inserti hanno 4 strati all’interno – 2 strati di microfibra e due strati di tessuto di canapa composto da 55% di canapa, 45% di cotone.
Questa è un’ottima combinazione perché la microfibra assorbe rapidamente e la canapa può contenere quantità maggiori di liquidi.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>The Yorkshire Terrier is also a very popular pet to have; they are considered the most popular breed of small dog in the United States.
The American Kennel Club lists the Yorkshire Terrier (also referred to as the Yorkie) as both a toy dog, and a terrier.
Yorkshire Terriers come from Yorkshire, England originally. Their original intended purpose for breeding such small dogs was for hunting down rats in factories.
Size and Appearance
Yorkshire Terriers are very small even by small dog standards, and will generally weigh between 4 and 7 pounds. They are well known for their very unique appearance, and the very specific appearance of their coats.
Yorkshire Terrier coats are what make them easy to spot. They have very fine, smooth, silky hair that grows very long and hangs around them like robes. It falls down around their ears and chins as well.
Yorkie coats are tan and black, with a very specific pattern. There is a large black stripe that runs along their backs, and their bellies, legs, and heads are tan.
Their ears sit mostly upright on top of their head, usually with the tips flopped over.
Their appearance is well known and beloved, but it does require a large amount of maintenance.
Because it keeps growing and doesn’t shed, Yorkie owners must have them groomed regularly, by trimming their hair and brushing it out to prevent mats.
Some owners of Yorkshire Terriers keep their coats long, but many of them will clip their fur short. When it grows out long, Yorkie fur looks straight and sleek, but often when clipped short, it appears quite curly.
Like poodles, Yorkshire Terriers are considered hypoallergenic because they do not shed their fur. Since they do not leave hair everywhere, they are good pets for people who are allergic to dog dander.
More Fun Facts About Yorkshire Terriers
Yorkies are known to have a “small dog temperament,” which means that they are very feisty and energetic. They are very small, but they are also fearless and outgoing.
They are also known to being serious barkers, meaning that they will incessantly bark at any possible intruders to their homes, strangers, and other dogs that they see.
This behavior does require some training to reduce, as they bark quite a lot.
Unlike poodles, Yorkies are known to be quite difficult to house train, and it may take a long time. They also need to be trained to walk on a leash, which doesn’t come naturally to them.
Famous owners of Yorkshire Terriers include Paris Hilton, Brittney Spears, Brett Favre, and Justin Timberlake.
There is a practice of breeding Yorkshire Terriers with poodles, which results in a “designer breed” that’s often referred to as a “Yorkie-poo.”
Smaller dogs do tend to live longer than larger dogs, and Yorkies, with their very small stature, can live around 13 to 16 years.
The smallest ever known dog was a Yorkshire Terrier. It was a female Yorkie called Sylvia that only weighed 4 ounces and stood to 2.5 inches in height.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>مطالعات دقیق، تحلیل مستندات و مدارک تعداد بسیار زیادی اختراع ثبت شده این حقیقت را آشکار کرد که همه اختراعات از نظر اررش ابداعی، با هم یکسان نیستند. آلتشولر الگوهایی را که مکررا در نوآوری های مختلف استفاده می شد شناسایی کرد. وی براساس معیار های زیر پنج سطح نوآوری را تعیین کرد.این معیار ها عبارتند از:
1. دانش مورد استفاده در نوآوریتا چه حد در حوزه کاری فرد نوآور قرار داشته؟
2. تعداد آزمون های نظری که نوآور برای برای رسیدن به راه حل انجام داده چقدر بوده است؟
3. مسیر بهبود طرح های اصلی برای رسیدن به راه حل تا چه حد بدیهی بوده است؟
مدارکی که تنها نشان دهنده تغییراتی کوچک در طراحی بودند به عنوان پایین ترین سطح نوآوری مطرح شدند. اختراع هایی که در آنها به طریقی در سیستم تغییر داده می شد سطح میانی را تشکیل می دادند و اختراع هایی که در آنها دانش جدیدی معرفی می گردید به عنوان خلاق ترین اختراعات شناخته شدند.در نهایت، آلتشولر برای نو آوری، پنج سطح را به ترتیب زیر معرفی می کند. سعی داریم با توضیحاتی مختصر، خواص نوآوری و مثال هایی مرتبط هر سطح را خواهیم آورد. در آخر نیز مثال هایی تصویری برای سطوح پنجگانه در یک سیستم ارائه خواهیم داد.
سطح1. ایجاد بهبودی ساده در یک سیستم فنی.
این سطح از نوآوری همان طور که از اسمش پیداست، تنها از طریق یک بهبود جزئی در هر سیستمی قابل دست یابی است. نکته مهم این است که سی و دو درصد از ابداعات ثبت شده با همین تغییر جزئی حاصل شده اند و از نظر آلتشولر این نوع نووری اختراع به حساب نمی آید و این توانایی در غالب افراد هست. اهم خواص نوآوری در این سطح به شرح زیر است:
ü از نظر آماری 32% کل ابداعات را شامل می شود.
ü اختراعات ثبت شده با راه حل های واضحی که به طور متوسط از بین 10 انتخاب گزینش شده اند.
ü برای رسیدن به آن تنها به دانش فردی در یک حوزه تخصصی نیاز است.
ü در این سطح، ماهیت یا قطعه یا روش تغییری نمی کند بلکه ویژگی خاصی ارتقا یا بهبود می یابد.
ü در این سطح هیچ تضادی رفع نمی شود حتی اگر نوآوری نتیجه یک کار فنی و مهندسی باشد.
چند مثال:
ü افزایش ضخامت دیوار به منظور عایق بندی بیشتر.
ü افزایش ضخامت دیواره لیوان به منظور استحکام بیشتر آن.
ü نوشتن یک کتاب بر اساس نوشته های دیگران.
سطح2. اختراعی که نتیجه رفع یک تضاد تکنیکی است.
آلتشولر معقتد است که اختراع در این سطح وقتی بدست می آید که یک تضاد تکنیکی یا فنی (رسیدن به بهبود یک ویژگی درمقابل خراب شدن یک ویژگی دیگر سیستم مثلا بخواهیم محیط را گرم تر کنیم اما انرژی لازم را صرف نکنیم!) را به کمک ابدع وسیله ای یا روشی برداریم. ارزش این سطح به خاطر همین است که غالب افراد علاقه ای به مقابله با تضادها ای نشان نمی دهند یا حل مسئله
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altro modo - l'adrenalina, viene rilasciata nel flusso sanguigno sotto l'influenza di situazioni stressanti. A riposo, l'ormone viene rilasciato solo in piccole quantità. Forma e accumula adrenalina midollare surrenale. Le funzioni di questo ormone sono anche associate alla trasmissione degli impulsi nervosi. In questo caso, l'adrenalina funge da mediatore..
Ghiandole surrenali: ormoni e funzioni del corpo
Nonostante il fatto che la corteccia surrenale e il midollo secernano ormoni diversi, sono tutti correlati. Le funzioni delle ghiandole surrenali vengono eseguite a causa della stretta interazione di entrambi gli strati. Ad esempio, l'adrenalina viene rilasciata nel flusso sanguigno con l'aiuto dei corticosteroidi, che, per così dire, "segnalano" al corpo lo stress. Inoltre, gli ormoni della zona del fascio sono responsabili della regolazione di tutti i tipi di metabolismo, che si verifica a causa della loro relazione con le secrezioni del pancreas e delle ghiandole tiroidee. Il loro effetto è mirato ad aiutare le ammine biogene come la tiroxina, il glucagone e l'adrenalina. Inoltre regolano la produzione di insulina da parte delle cellule del pancreas. Tutto ciò viene eseguito dalle ghiandole surrenali, le loro funzioni nel corpo sono molto importanti per la vita. Se queste ghiandole sono disturbate, l'intero sistema endocrino può essere colpito..
Funzioni delle ghiandole surrenali nelle donne e negli uomini
Oltre ad essere coinvolte in molti processi vitali, le ghiandole surrenali sono responsabili dell'aspetto, della voce e del comportamento sessuale di una persona. Tutto questo è fornito dagli ormoni sessuali - androgeni prodotti nella corteccia reticolare. Si può sostenere che le funzioni delle ghiandole surrenali nelle donne e negli uomini sono identiche. Tuttavia, grazie agli androgeni della zona reticolare, durante l'adolescenza compaiono caratteristiche sessuali secondarie. Nelle donne, questo è caratterizzato da una mancanza di peli sul viso, una voce sottile e la crescita delle ghiandole mammarie. Gli androgeni negli uomini contribuiscono allo sviluppo della massa muscolare, all'aspetto di baffi e barba e al cambiamento del comportamento durante l'adolescenza.
Interruzione delle ghiandole surrenali
La disfunzione delle ghiandole surrenali porta a varie conseguenze per il corpo. Le manifestazioni dipendono dalla diffusione della lesione al tessuto della ghiandola. Inoltre, la violazione può essere associata sia all'iper- che all'iposecrezione di ormoni. A seconda di ciò, soffre l'una o l'altra funzione delle ghiandole surrenali umane. I sintomi più comuni sono: aumento della pressione sanguigna, obesità femminile, aumento della pigmentazione della pelle (più spesso sull'addome), alopecia. Oltre a queste manifestazioni, ci sono problemi più seri, come una violazione combinata di tutti i tipi di metabolismo, ermafroditismo, crisi ipertensiva con lo sviluppo di infarto e ictus..
Malattie in violazione della corteccia surrenale
Ci sono molte patologie associate a disturbi nella corteccia surrenale. I più comuni sono la malattia di Itsenko-Cushing e la sindrome di Conn. Il primo è associato ad un aumento della produzione e del rilascio di corticosteroidi. Le principali manifestazioni della malattia di Itsenko-Cushing: iperglicemia, obesità del viso e metà superiore del corpo, debolezza muscolare, aumento della pigmentazione della pelle addominale sotto forma di strisce (strie). La sindrome di Conn si sviluppa quando c'è una violazione nella corteccia glomerulare. È caratterizzato da un aumento del contenuto di aldosterone. Clinicamente, questo si manifesta con debolezza muscolare e crampi, prurito, sintomi del diabete - sete e poliuria. La violazione nella zona della maglia nei ragazzi può portare ad un'accelerazione: pubertà precoce o, al contrario, all'infantilismo. Le ragazze hanno sintomi come l'irsutismo: pelosità di tipo maschile, voce ruvida, sottosviluppo delle ghiandole mammarie. In rari casi, la violazione della zona della maglia porta all'ermafroditismo. La carenza combinata di tutti gli ormoni nella corteccia è chiamata morbo di Addison..
Disturbo del midollo surrenale
Un'altra funzione delle ghiandole surrenali nel corpo umano è associata al midollo. Se questo strato viene violato, si sviluppa una malattia come il feocromocitoma. È caratterizzato da una maggiore produzione e secrezione di adrenalina nel sangue. Le conseguenze di ciò sono un aumento della pressione sanguigna a valori critici. La malattia è spesso confusa con ipertensione e malattie renali. La sua differenza è che un aumento della pressione sanguigna si verifica all'improvviso e raggiunge numeri elevati. Inoltre, le condizioni del paziente tornano alla normalità altrettanto inaspettatamente. L'ipertensione con feocromocitoma richiede un trattamento speciale. Le conseguenze di questa condizione sono pericolose per lo sviluppo di un infarto e un incidente cerebrovascolare acuto..
Diagnosi e trattamento delle malattie surrenali
La malattia surrenalica può essere sospettata da manifestazioni cliniche. La diagnosi finale diventerà chiara solo dopo aver donato il sangue per gli ormoni e le metodiche di esame strumentale (ecografia, risonanza magnetica, scintigrafia). Molto spesso, i tumori surrenali portano a malattie. Le patologie associate all'ipersecrezione ormonale richiedono un trattamento chirurgico. Dopo l'operazione, le ghiandole surrenali possono riprendersi completamente. In caso di carenza ormonale, è necessaria una terapia sostitutiva permanente.
Ghiandole surrenali: perché sono necessarie?
"Le ghiandole della paura e del coraggio", "combattenti del sistema endocrino" - una metafora così contrastante in relazione a questi organi è abbastanza comprensibile, perché sono direttamente coinvolti nella formazione di due emozioni umane fondamentali: paura e rabbia. Quali sono le ghiandole surrenali, qual è il loro ruolo nel corpo, dove si trovano? Proviamo a capirlo.
Avendo attirato l'attenzione degli scienziati per molto tempo, queste ghiandole endocrine furono descritte per la prima volta dall'eccezionale medico e anatomista italiano Bartolomeo Eustachius a metà del XVI secolo. Attualmente, la scienza ha informazioni dettagliate sulla struttura e le funzioni delle ghiandole surrenali, tuttavia, probabilmente non sappiamo tutto su di esse..
Come funzionano le ghiandole surrenali?
Ci sono due ghiandole surrenali (alias ghiandole surrenali) nel corpo umano. Si trovano nello spazio retroperitoneale nella regione lombare e sono piccoli "cappucci" sopra i reni. Nonostante il fatto che il ruolo delle ghiandole surrenali sia lo stesso, hanno una forma diversa. La ghiandola a sinistra è visivamente simile a una falce di luna e quella a destra assomiglia a un triangolo.
All'esterno, le ghiandole sono ricoperte da una capsula di tessuto connettivo. Guardando la ghiandola in sezione, puoi trovare due strati in essa. Il primo si trova alla periferia dell'organo ed è chiamato corteccia. Nella regione centrale della ghiandola si trova il midollo.
Per rispondere alla domanda su quali ghiandole appartengono le ghiandole surrenali, è sufficiente fare riferimento alla loro struttura. Le ghiandole surrenali producono sostanze biologicamente attive - ormoni che entrano direttamente nel sangue. Le ghiandole surrenali non hanno dotti escretori, quindi questi organi sono indicati come ghiandole endocrine..
La sostanza corticale costituisce circa il 90% della massa totale delle ghiandole. È formato da cellule che producono corticosteroidi e ormoni sessuali.
Tre zone si distinguono nello strato corticale, differendo l'una dall'altra nella struttura delle loro cellule costituenti..
1. Glomerulare - occupa circa il 15% dell'intera corteccia. Consiste di piccole cellule raccolte nei "glomeruli" e che sintetizzano mineralcorticoidi - aldosterone, corticosterone, desossicorticosterone. Questi ormoni sono coinvolti nella regolazione della pressione sanguigna e dell'equilibrio del sale marino..
2. Fascio: la sua struttura è costituita da lunghi fasci di grandi cellule che occupano i due terzi della corteccia surrenale. Producono glucocorticoidi - ormoni che influenzano l'immunità, sopprimono la crescita del tessuto connettivo e riducono anche l'intensità delle reazioni infiammatorie e allergiche nel corpo. Questi includono, in particolare, il cortisolo e il cortisone..
3. Mesh: consiste in un sottile strato di piccole cellule di varie forme, che formano una struttura a rete. Qui la formazione di ormoni sessuali - androgeni, estrogeni, gestageni, che sono responsabili dello sviluppo delle caratteristiche sessuali secondarie di una persona, sono importanti per portare un feto.
Il midollo, situato al centro delle ghiandole surrenali, è composto da cellule cromaffini. Nonostante una piccola quota del volume totale delle ghiandole, sono le cellule del midollo a produrre catecolamine - adrenalina e norepinefrina - che controllano il lavoro del corpo sotto stress.
Perché abbiamo bisogno delle ghiandole surrenali?
Per la vita. E queste non sono parole altisonanti. L'importanza assoluta delle ghiandole surrenali è confermata dal fatto che quando vengono danneggiate o rimosse, si verifica la morte.
La formazione di ormoni e sostanze biologicamente attive che influenzano direttamente la crescita, lo sviluppo e il funzionamento degli organi vitali è la funzione principale delle ghiandole surrenali. Grazie agli ormoni prodotti dal midollo surrenale e dalla corteccia, vengono regolati vari processi metabolici. Inoltre, prendono parte alla difesa immunitaria del corpo, all'adattamento umano alle condizioni avverse esterne e al cambiamento dei fattori interni.
Oggi ci sono più di 50 composti steroidei noti prodotti solo dalla corteccia surrenale. Ad esempio, l'idrocortisone garantisce l'accumulo di glicogeno nel fegato e nei muscoli, inibisce la sintesi proteica in alcuni tessuti e ne accelera la formazione in altri. Colpisce anche il metabolismo dei grassi, inibisce l'attività dei tessuti linfoidi e connettivi. L'aldosterone è responsabile della regolazione del metabolismo del sale marino, mantenendo il rapporto tra sali di sodio e di potassio.
Il cortisolo stimola il sistema immunitario. Se il corpo è esposto a uno stress imprevisto, questo ormone inizia a essere prodotto con urgenza. Grazie ad esso, il lavoro del cervello migliora, il muscolo cardiaco si rafforza, il corpo acquisisce la capacità di resistere a diversi tipi di stress.
La quantità di adrenalina e norepinefrina, che sono prodotte dalle cellule del midollo surrenale, di solito aumenta in situazioni di stress. Aumentare il livello di adrenalina nel sangue aiuta ad avviare i processi che mobilitano il corpo e lo rendono capace di sopravvivere in condizioni avverse. Allo stesso tempo, la respirazione diventa più frequente, l'apporto di ossigeno ai tessuti viene accelerato, i livelli di zucchero nel sangue, il tono dei vasi sanguigni e la pressione aumentano. A causa dell'effetto stimolante di questi ormoni, la forza muscolare, la velocità di reazione, la resistenza e la soglia del dolore aumentano. Ciò ti consente di rispondere alla minaccia con una delle opzioni: "colpisci" o "corri".
Regolando le funzioni vitali, le ghiandole surrenali ci aiutano ad adattarci rapidamente ai cambiamenti nel nostro ambiente. Per ridurre i rischi di disfunzione surrenale, dovresti, se possibile, evitare lo stress, essere fisicamente attivo, osservare un regime di lavoro e riposo, mangiare bene e consultare un medico in modo tempestivo in caso di reclami e per scopi preventivi.
Ghiandole surrenali: sintomi e cause della malattia, loro diagnosi e trattamento
Le ghiandole surrenali sono un organo accoppiato nel sistema endocrino, progettato per tenere sotto controllo tutte le funzioni del corpo.
Lo sviluppo di una patologia o di un'altra in questo organo può portare a varie malattie negli uomini e nelle donne e persino allo sviluppo dell'oncologia.
Il ruolo delle ghiandole surrenali è ottimo, il fallimento della funzionalità richiede adattamento e trattamento, preferibilmente in una fase precoce.
- Qual è il ruolo delle ghiandole surrenali?
- Quali sono le malattie delle ghiandole surrenali?
- Segni di carenza di ormoni nel corpo
- Sintomi comuni nelle malattie surrenali
- Come viene effettuata la diagnosi??
- Trattamento
- Prevenzione
Qual è il ruolo delle ghiandole surrenali?
Uno degli organi importanti del sistema endocrino si trova nella cavità addominale dietro i reni. Consiste di 2 strutture: corteccia e midollo.
La sostanza corticale situata in 3 zone: reticolare, fascio e glomerulare, svolge diverse funzioni:
- nella zona glomerulare vengono prodotti ormoni (aldosterone, corticosteroma, desossicorticosterone);
- nella zona del fascio - corticosterone;
- nella zona reticolare - la secrezione di androgeni sessuali (ghiandole) è attiva; influenzare la libido, aumentare la forza e la massa muscolare; negli uomini, regolazione dei lipidi nel sangue e dei livelli di colesterolo.
La sostanza corticale contribuisce a:
- sintesi e produzione di ormoni (cortisolo e corticosterone), in particolare ormoni sessuali;
- mantenere sotto controllo l'equilibrio idrico-elettrolitico. La corteccia è responsabile della produzione di ormoni corticosteroidi La sostanza cerebrale è progettata per sintetizzare;
- produzione di norepinefrina, adrenalina e aumento della glicemia;
- stimolazione del lavoro del muscolo cardiaco;
- regolazione della pressione sanguigna;
- espansione dei bronchi.
Le ghiandole surrenali in generale negli uomini sono attivamente coinvolte in:
- la formazione dei genitali negli uomini;
- regolazione del bilancio idrico ed elettrolitico;
- mantenere la pressione sanguigna normale;
- aumentare le prestazioni della forza muscolare;
- aumento della glicemia.
La produzione di adrenalina da parte delle ghiandole surrenali aiuta a combattere stress e traumi, aumentare le emozioni positive, la forza e la potenza in una persona, la resistenza a varie sensazioni di dolore.
La norepinefrina combatte attivamente anche lo stress e gli effetti negativi sull'organismo dall'esterno, partecipa attivamente alla regolazione della pressione sanguigna e alla stimolazione del muscolo cardiaco.
Gli ormoni surrenali sono estremamente importanti per mantenere tutte le funzioni del corpo, mentre una mancanza
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- Levallois, P.; Guevin, N.; Gingras, S.; Levesque, B.; Weber, J.P.; Letarte, R. New patterns of drinking-water consumption: results of a pilot study. Sci. Total. Environ. 1998, 209, 233–241. 9514043
- Willett, W. Nutritional epidemiology, 2nd ed.; Oxford University Press: New York, NY, USA, 1998.
© 2012 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open-access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Huang Zhihong教授在题为《声波的应用：从水下声纳到医学成像》讲座中以生活中常见的声波为切入点，为机械、电气和土木专业国际班的同学们详细讲解了声波在工程学和医学中的各种应用。Bill Russel教授在题为《用数据看历史》的讲座中通过呈现人均收入和人口增长数据图表，为工商管理国际班同学们分析了当今世界经济发展与人口变化的总趋势，揭示了世界经济变化的本质。Zhang Jianguo教授在《计算机视觉技术初探与人工智能入门》讲座中通过图文结合的方式，为计算机专业国际班的同学们形象地讲解了计算机视觉的基本概念及其应用，并且展示了邓迪大学在人工智能领域取得的成就。<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>RAMALLAH
Filistin'in haber ajansı WAFA, Filistin yönetiminin İsrail'in uluslararası kurallara uymaması ve Filistin topraklarında yerleşim birimi inşasını durdurmaması sebebiyle sekteye uğrayan barış sürecini kurtarmak için BM'ye başvurmaya karar verdiğini bildirdi.
Abbas, Ramallah'ta Letonya Dışişleri Bakanı Edgars Rinkevics ile görüşmesi sırasında, Filistin'in BM'ye gözlemci devlet statüsü elde etmek için başvurmaya çalıştığını vurguladı.
Başbakan Fayyad'ın istifa haberleri yalanlandı
Öte yandan Batı Şeria'daki Filistin yönetimi, Başbakan Selam Fayyad'ın istifasını sunduğuna dair medyada yer alan haberleri yalanladı.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Created By: Corianne Conway
In the 1800's when the Sams Family settled in Merritt Island there were very few places to get food, many of which were hours away by boat. The Sams family needed to grow food to sustain and feed the family but they also grew fruits and sugar cane to sell. While standing in the exhibit area looking out to the trees; pineapples are the low growing plants to the right, mangos to the left, and a key lime tree in the center. There is also a white box on the right side of the exhibit. This box is a bee box. The Sams family would have had a very similar box in order to attract and keep bees. Bees are very important pollinators and help plants reproduce by spreading pollen across plants.
This point of interest is part of the tour: Discovery Trail<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Un giovine di 19 anni, chiamato Emilio B…, entrato in uno spaccio di tabacchi a Parigi, nel pagare i sigari lasciò vedere il suo portamonete ben ricolmo di marenghi. Poco dopo, egli si fermava ad esaminare vari dipinti presso un negoziante di quadri, quando un uomo che avealo veduto nello spaccio di tabacchi gli si accostò e gli rivolse la parola, formulando delle osservazioni critiche su un quadro. Il giovine Emilio B... rispose alla sua critica, e di qui nacque una discussione che fu prolungata camminando ambedue insieme. Lo sconosciuto, fingendo di provare un gran piacere nella conversazione col signor Emilio B…, lo invitò a desinare con lui con modi così cortesi da non poter ricusare.
Si recarono in un restaurant in via Saint-Martin
Il pranzo fu abbondante. Il cavaliere d’industria fece servire dei vini fluissimi; e spinse il suo convitato ripetutamente a bere.
L’anfitrione, vistolo brillo, lo condusse presso il comptoir, e disse al padrone del restaurant:
«Mio cugino ha bevuto molto, ed ora il conduco in una farmacia per fargli prendere qualche rimedio che dissipi i vapori alcoolici che ha alla testa. Tenetevi per ora la catena d’oro con l’orologio – ed in ciò dire la tolse al sig. B. per consegnarla al trattore – Noi la riprenderemo quando torneremo per pagarvi il conto».
Nello scendere dal restaurant, il nostro cavaliere d’industria alleggerì le tasche del signor B. togliendogli il sospirato portamonete. Arrivati nella farmacia, gli fece somministrare una limonata gassosa, e poi, chiamati dei sergenti di città:
«Ecco – disse loro – un povero giovine che s’è messo in una triste condizione. Per la sua sicurezza sarebbe necessario menarlo al posto di guardia. egli potrebbe essere derubato».
Gli agenti della polizia videro che Emilio era in uno stato deplorevole di ubbriachezza, e lo condussero al posto di guardia.
Il cavaliere d’industria allora ritornò al restaurant; pagò il conto col denaro del portamonete di Emilio, e ritirò la catena con l’orologio.
Qualche ora di riposo sui banchi del commissariato di polizia aveva tornato alla ragione il povero Emilio, sicché questi si accorse che era stato vittima di un furto considerevole, e denunziò il fatto.
Il cavaliere d’industria è stato arrestato e messo sotto procedimento penale.
FRANCESCO MASTRIANI<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Allegheny Portage Railroad:
Developing Transportation Technology--Supplementary Resources
By looking at the Allegheny Portage Railroad, students can more easily understand the development of transportation technology in the 19th century, the innovative ways of overcoming the limitations of topography, and the effects that technological change can have on a community. Those interested in learning more will find that the Internet offers a variety of materials.
Allegheny Portage Railroad National Historic Site
Allegheny Portage Railroad National Historic Site is a unit of the National Park System. The park's Web pages include information
on nearby historic sites related to industrial development in southwestern Pennsylvania.
Also included are sections on the history of the area, photographs, descriptions,
and materials for teachers. Go to the expanded web page and click on APRR to
examine sections on related transportation history, canals, the 1800s, and more.
Museums and Historical Societies
Railroad Museum of Pennsylvania
The Railroad Museum houses one of the most
significant collections of historic railroad artifacts in the world. Visit their Web page for a virtual tour of the museum. Go to the Links page for links to teaching
resources, other railroad museums, and historical societies.
Smithsonian Institution: National Museum of American History
Visit the Smithsonian's America on the Move website for the history of transportation in America including railroads.
Ontario and Western Railway Historical Society
What began as the New York & Oswego Midland Railroad in 1868 later became the
New York Ontario and Western Railway. This Web
page features short articles with photographs on the history of this railway,
as well as links to other historic railway lines.
Library of Congress
American Railway Maps, 1828-1900
View the American Memory Collection of Railway
Maps by searching with keywords or browsing by geographical location. On the home
page, scroll down to links on the "History of Railroads and Maps," "Related
Resources" and "Learn More About It!"
Built in America: Historic American Buildings Survey/Historic American Engineering
Search the American Memory Collection using keywords such as Allegheny Portage Railroad to discover resources such historical photographs and architectural drawings of the bridges, tunnels,
and inclines related to the Allegheny Portage Railroad.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Lighting is one of the most important factors for growing a plant successfully. Light is absolutely essential for all plants to grow that use photosynthesis. Even though some plants really need very little light to survive, they still need light. Making sure houseplants get the right amount of light will help them grow better and longer.
The way that we live in our houses now can sometimes provide a difficult environment for plants to live in. We now have central air conditioning that runs in the summer and heating that runs in the winter. We dehumidify the air and purify the water. Most people know that we need to provide the best conditions for houseplants to grow well, but simply don’t how to get there.
Lighting is so important for plants because it basically provides them with their food and energy they need to grow. Some plants can do well enough on artificial light, but most also want to have natural sunlight and will do much better if it is available to them. Some plants don’t get enough sunlight in the winter months, so providing them with a southern exposure will normally provide enough light even during the fall and winter. Most people remember that plants will not flower or develop as they should unless they are getting the right amount of light. Some flowering plants won’t even produce buds unless they are getting enough light. Some plants are put on interior walls in houses that are dark or don’t get much sunlight at all because they are far away from any windows. This is when an incandescent lamp or light comes in handy to supplement the indirect light it gets from the rest of the house.
Most houseplants do best with indirect sunlight. This means that they have light available to them through a window between four and five hours a day and varying levels of light throughout the day. Flowering plants do better when they have indirect sunlight and will produce more vibrant blooms too.
Sometimes it may not be appropriate or workable to put a plant directly on a windowsill or right next to one. This is where flexibility and creativity can come into play. Not all windows have sills large enough to accommodate a plant and many people don’t have window coverings open long enough or frequently enough to justify having a plant on the sill. It is also possible that certain types of home decor just don’t work with a plant on a window and many people believe that this is tacky and unattractive. Sometimes windows are too small or too high to accommodate a plant too. If this is the case with your home, you can use furniture like tables or plant stands to provide a place for your houseplant to sit and to add more to the decor of the room. Many people choose to use plant hangers or shelves that have built in lights. These lights still provide artificial fluorescent light to the plant, but the stands can often be placed close to a window to get a good mix of natural and artificial light. Most plant stands are relatively inexpensive and can be used almost anywhere in the house. Most also have proper drainage if overwatering should occur. When you are deciding where you are going to place your houseplants, keep in mind the small tag with instructions and recommendations about lighting and temperature. These considerations can be particularly important to notice and modify as the seasons change and the appropriateness of different areas of the house change. No matter what you decide to do with your indoor houseplants, make sure that they are getting the light they need and that they are getting the right amount to grow and keep your home lovely for years to come.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Immagine d'archivio
Paura a Karlsruhe, nella Germania sudoccidentale, dove sembra che un uomo armato, durante uno sfratto di una palazzina, abbia preso in ostaggio due o tre persone tra cui un ufficiale giudiziario. Secondo quanto riferito da un portavoce della polizia locale, sembra che siano stati avvertiti anche degli spari e non è quindi escluso che possano esserci vittime o feriti. Voci insistenti che circolano in questi minuti parlano anche di una persona rimasta uccisa. La sparatoria è avvenuta come detto a seguito di uno sgombero, che doveva iniziare alle nove di questa mattina, di un edificio abitato da diverse famiglie a Karlsruhe, città extracircondariale del Baden-Wurttenberg ed e sede della Corte Costituzionale tedesca. In particolare, il fatto è avvenuto nel quartiere Nordstadt, al civico 115 di un edificio in Kanalweg. L’uomo, dopo l’inizio dello sfratto avrebbe quindi preso in oastaggio alcune persone tra cui un ufficiale giudiziario. Joergen Schoefer, agente della polizia del luogo avrebbe detto all’agenzia Ansa che gli ostaggi a Karlsruhe “potrebbero essere due o tre” e “si tratta di uomini”, facendo dunque sapere che non sono coinvolte donne, anziani o bambini. “Non è confermato che vi sia una vittima – avrebbe detto poi l’uomo - . La sparatoria è avvenuta quando un ufficiale giudiziario ha tentato stamani di eseguire una ordinanza di sfratto, mandando via un inquilino moroso
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�打。
但当他来，开始称赞你，告诉你说，“你的嘴唇好像蜂房滴蜜，你一切的行为有着没药的香气，你的爱情比美酒更好，你舌头下的思想胜过酒和奶。”
你会怎么说？哦，主，我不能说你弄错了，因为你是不会犯错误的；但如果我胆敢这样说，如果我胆敢想你弄错了，我要说，你在我身上错了；但主我不能以为你错了，这一定是真实的。但主，我仍然不配；我明白我不配，我远远不能配得，如果你要帮助我，我要努力，在某种微薄的程度上与你的赞扬相称。我要努力与你加在我身上的赞扬相称。
如果你说，“我的爱情比酒更美。”主，我要努力更加爱你，让这酒更醇更浓烈。
如果你说，“我的恩典好像膏油的香气。”主，我要努力让它们加增，让许多大大的罐子盛满它们；如果我的话语好像蜂房滴蜜，主，这要更多，我要努力使它们更好，好让你更多想念这样的蜜。
如果你宣告我舌头下面的思想对你如蜜如奶，那么主，我要争取有更多这样的属神的思想；如果我每天的行为对你好像黎巴嫩的香气，主，我要努力更加圣洁，更加与你亲近；我要求恩典，让我的行为可以真正像你所说的那样。
你们这不爱神的，我要为你们哭泣，因为你们和这经文无关。你被排除在如此的称赞之外，这实在可怕——愿基督把你带进其中!你首先必须被带领，感觉到你一无是处；然后你必须被带领，感觉到基督是一切，然后，在这之后，你就会明白这段圣经，这些话语就在对你说话。<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Tara Singh Ghaiba
Chief of the Dallevalia Clan (1717-1807)
Named after the village of Dalleval to which its founder, Gulab Singh, belonged. Tara Singh was a shepherd-turned-outlaw who joined Gulab Singh Dallevalia in his plundering raids. His dexterity in lifting cattle and flocks of sheep and his ingenuity in transporting them across the Ravi won him the nickname Ghaiba (the Vanisher). On the death of Gulab Singh, Tara Singh succeeded to the leadership of the misl, and, within a short time, his intrepidity and lust for war and conquest made the Dallevalia confederacy very powerful. One of Tara Singh’s first exploits was to rob a detachment of Ahmad Shah Durrani’s troops of their horses and arms while crossing the Beas river near his village, Kang, in Kapurthala district. In 1760, he crossed the Sutlej and conquered the towns of Dharamkot and fatehgarh. On his return to the Doab, he took Sarai Dakkhni from Sharaf ud-Din, an Afghan of Jalandhar and marched eastwards, seizing the country around Rahon in which town he took up his residence.
He next captured Nakodar from the Manj Rajputs, and other groups of villages on the right of the Sutlej, including Mahatpur and Kot Badal Khan.
In 1763, Tara Singh joined the Bhangi, Kanhaiya and Ramgarhia misls against the Pathan Nawab of Kasur, and, in the sack of the town, collected 400,000 rupees as his share of the booty. He joined other Sikh sardars in laying siege to Sirhind (January 1764) and razing it to the ground after defeating its governor, Zain Khan. By 1765, Tara Singh had considerably increased his power and territories in the Upper Jalandhar Doab, in parts of Ludhiana, Ambala and Firozpur districts-the entire country south of the River Sutlej yielding an annual revenue of Rs. 17,00,000.
Tara Singh was a close friend of Maharaja Ranjit Singh’s and took part in his early Malva expeditions. He died in 1807 at the ripe age of 90. After his death, Maharaja Ranjit Singh annexed the Dallevalia territories to his kingdom.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Korona salgını insanların hayatlarını bin bir biçimde alt üst etti; şimdi de yaban hayatı kasıp kavurmak üzere.
Filler, gergedanlar, pangolinler, goriller… tüm bu hayvanların hayatı, korunmaları için ayrılan hassas ve çok kısıtlı bütçelere bağlı -- ve Koronavirüs bu yaşamsal bütçeye ağır darbe vurdu. Bu olağanüstü hayvanlar bir zamanlar 40.000 korucu tarafından korunuyordu. Şimdiyse korucuların yarısı işlerini kaybedebilir ve yaban hayat kaçak avcıların ve suçluların insafına kalabilir.
Ama bir umut var.
Pandemi süresince, gizli araştırmacılardan oluşan kararlı bir ekip dokuz Afrika ülkesinde, kana susamış kaçak avcı çetelerinin izini sürmek ve yargılanmalarını sağlamak için gece gündüz çalıştı. Bu ekip kaçak avcıların korkulu rüyası -- daha şimdiden binlercesini hapse attılar!
Ne var ki onların bütçeleri de bitmek üzere ve şimdi bize her zamankinden daha çok ihtiyaçları var.
Korumasız ve savunmasız kalan yaban hayata cansuyu olma fırsatımız var. Eğer içimizden yeterince kişi sadece bir fincan kahve ücreti kadar bağış yaparsa daha da çok suçlunun hapsedilmesine, uluslararası kaçakçı ağlarının ortaya çıkarılmasına yardım edebilir ve doğanın korunması ve gezegenimizin en savunmasız türlerinin kurtarılması için küresel kampanyalarımıza hız verebiliriz.
KORONAVİRÜS DAMGASI
Korumasız ve savunmasız kalan yaban hayata can suyu olma fırsatımız var.
07 Ağustos 2020 Cuma 12:31
Bu haber kez okundu.
Korona salgını insanların hayatlarını bin bir biçimde alt üst etti; şimdi de yaban hayatı kasıp kavurmak üzere.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>本网站由 ENGINEERING CENTER STEYR GmbH & Co KG, Steyrer Strasse 32, 4300 St. Valentin（以下简称“ECS”）运营。ECS 在本网站上提供与其产品范围相关的各种不同服务。您可作为访问者在本网站进行注册，以便您能够注册参加各种不同的活动，例如 ECS 提供的网络研讨会、活动、培训课程和用户会议。此外，还可下载文件和材料，例如白皮书、视频、图像材料、广告材料和活动文档。对于授权（软件）用户（ECS 的“客户”），还可以选择下载软件程序和软件更新，以及查看常见问题解答、在线图书馆、ECS 提供的视频和软件许可证/使用情况。也可以通过此网站注册接收 ECS 资讯。
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生效日期：2022三月17日<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>If you are using your manual mode, you need to understand the relationship between aperture settings and shutter speeds.
Aperture settings, known as f-stops, are found on the lens barrel. Have a look at these close-up pictures of the lens barrel (above) and shutter-speed dial (below) from an older, manual film camera. On this lens, f/2.8 is the largest aperture and f/32 the smallest. Each change in f-stop setting halves/doubles the light reaching the camera sensor (although the aperture's actual size depends on the lens).
The numbers on the shutter-speed dial are the speeds available on this camera: from one second to 1/4,000th of a second. A slow shutter speed will blur movement; a fast shutter speed will freeze action. Each change doubles/halves the shutter speed, and its effect on exposure is equal to each change in f-stop.
So each time you adjust the shutter-speed dial, you'll need to adjust the aperture setting to compensate. If you want to use a slower shutter speed (moving from 1/250th of a second to 1/30th, for example), you will need to move three steps along the aperture scale (from 4 to 11) to ensure the same amount of light reaches the camera's sensor. If you want to freeze the action, the opposite applies.
The ISO settings (left) also double or half the exposure value. So all three variables – ISO, aperture and shutter speed – relate to each other.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Evelina Yatselenko Yatselenko itibaren Oberickelsheim, Almanya
En kafa karıştırıcı kitap uzun zamandır okudum. Evinden çok sayıda eski kitap, şiir, poster vb. Okuyarak hafızasını yeniden kazanabileceği konusunda doğru bir fikir. Bir romanda gördüğümden daha fazla resimle güzel sunum. Ama sona ulaşmak için mücadele ettim - ve bunun ne olduğu hakkında hala hiçbir fikrim yok. Yambo'nun hayatının çoğu gibi göründüğü kadar sisteyim! Neredeyse sonunda ağlıyordum - hayal kırıklığından DEĞİL duygu.
Şimdiye kadar harika - olsa korkunç!
Harika kitap!
Translating...
william stanley milligan. 24 kişilik bir adam. hayatta kalmaya çalışıyorum, yardım almaya çalışıyorum, iyileşmeye çalışıyorum ... burada her insanın sevgiye ihtiyacı olduğunu öğrendim. hiçbiri yalnız kalamaz. burada öğrendim, insanlara zarar vermek kolay ama insanları iyileştirmek çok zor. ve .. öğreniyorum, yaşamak gerçekten ölmekten daha zor. sadece cesur adam intihar / ölmek yerine yaşamayı seçer. ganbatte kudasai, minna san (:
Bu benim favorilerimden biri olmasa da Douglas Coupland tarafından bir şey okumayı seviyorum. Bolca üzücü kitap okudum, ama bunu en üst düzeyde iç karartıcı buldum.
Madison County Köprüleri sevdi, bu yüzden bu ortaya çıktığında heyecanlandım ... ama o kadar iyi ve zor geçmesi değildi.
Bu, İngiliz futbolu tarihindeki en başarılı antrenörlerden birinin biyografisidir. Onu aramak isteyebileceğiniz daha eski bir Jose Maurinho. Ve hala alkol tüketimindeki muazzam tehlikeden şüphe ediyorsanız, bunu okuyun.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>What is Benzene and how does it effect your health?
Benzene has been a known carcinogen for decades now. Here are the facts:
- Benzene is a synthetic man-made chemical that is found in gasoline, crude oil and cigarette smoke.
- According to the CDC, Benzene is used in the chemical processing and manufacturing of plastics, rubber dyes, nylon, synthetic fiber, pesticides, detergents and various drugs...
- The Department of Health and Human Services [DHHS] declared that Benzene is a poisonous substance for humans. It causes blood cancers such as Leukemia.
- At high levels, it can cause irregular heart beat, headaches, drowsiness and even death.
- Studies have shown the following effects;
- Benzene harms the bone marrow, decreases red blood cells, increase rates of infection and negatively effects the immune system.
- In women, it causes irregular mensural periods, increases bleeding and decrease the size of ovaries.
- Decreased birth weights and delayed bone formation, in animal studies, when pregnant animals breathed benzene.
What cosmetic products could potentially have benzene?
Benzene is a hidden term in 'Parfum' or Fragrance'. Read more here on the use of fragrance in cosmetic products. Fragrance is used in most consumer products from cleaning products to laundry detergents, make up and alarmingly; baby products.
How to avoid using Benzene?
- Read your labels. The term benzene will not be listed on there. but 'fragrance' or 'parfum' will. Do not buy products that have either of those terms on the packaging.
- Only use natural fragrance that is essential oil based, instead of standard cologne or fragrance. There are a couple great unisex options on the Beauty Doctrine. The Beauty Doctrine's first tenet of 'CLEAN' is that products must have Zero synthetic fragrance.
- Avoid mainstream cosmetics and only use clean brands. Although, not perfect, clean brands have higher standards and make more of an effort in sourcing from reputable suppliers and manufacturers. Most are continuously working on eliminating potentially contaminated toxic chemicals from their formulations.
What are the new findings about Benzene?
It isn't a new fact
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姆·凡·高，《凡·高书信全集》主编、海牙惠更斯历史研究所高级研究员莱奥·扬森等，都将亲临首发式。
艺术生涯与书信紧密相关
凡·高的艺术生涯之始，与书信相关；艺术生涯的终点，也与书信相关；而在其整个生命旅程中，每个重要的驿站都有书信。16岁的凡·高，是法国“古庇”画廊的一名店员，他的艺术热情在这里萌芽，他和弟弟提奥的通信也由此开始，第一封信写于1872年9月29日，用的是便笺纸，部分已经损毁。
1879年，提奥在一封信中建议凡·高做艺术家，并称提供他日后生活的保障，凡·高听了弟弟的话，回到荷兰重燃绘画热情。1888年春，凡·高旅居南法的阿尔，最初辗转于不同的旅馆，后来他租下诞生名作《向日葵》的“黄屋”。在给提奥的信里，他写到，为欢迎朋友高更，他画了 幅《向日葵》。1890年7月27日，梵高走进了一片麦田，尝试朝自己的胸膛开枪，两天后不愈身亡。自杀时，身边带着一封没写完的给提奥的信，最后一句是“但什么才是你想要的”。提奥在挚爱的哥哥去世后6个月去世，在奥维尔的公墓，两人比邻而栖。
汇集迄今为止最完整书信
凡·高留存至今的900多封信件，是世人走进他内心世界、深入了解其艺术思想的最珍贵史料。由荷兰凡·高博物馆独家授权上海书画出版社翻译出版的《凡·高书信全集》，是迄今为止最完整的凡·高书信汇集，该项目被列入国家出版基金资助项目、荷兰文学基金会资助项目、上海市新闻出版专项资金资助项目。
中文版《凡·高书信全集》的翻译历时5年。荷兰凡·高博物馆、海牙惠更斯历史研究所的艺术研究者用了15年时间精心研究，解读凡·高的艺术思想发展之路，在此基础上做了大量批注，是迄今为止最完整汇集凡·高存世文献和画作、最权威反映凡·高艺术思想及其对世界艺术发展影响研究的集成性著作。
此版《凡·高书信全集》编写完整，内容齐全，共收集凡·高1872年到1890年去世为止、所有被保存下来的信件共902封，其中819封是凡·高写的，还有8 封是朋友或家人写给凡·高的，具有重要的史料文献价值。
该版本注释准确，收录的每一篇书信，编者均进行了注释，总共约4000条。这些注释，不仅是对信件内容的补充，让读者全面、系统、准确地理解原信写作背景，也反映了当今国际上凡·高艺术研究领域的最新成果，极具学术价值。
此外，2000余幅珍贵插图，也是此版全集一大亮点。凡·高在信中谈到的每件印刷品、油画、素描和创作手稿，以及他遇见和提到的每位艺术家，都以图片的形式呈现，其中许多图片系首次面世。
（编辑：郑娜）广西那家医院专治癫痫病好
昆明哪家妇科专业医院好
雅安治疗睾丸炎方法
冷水江市人民医院
东莞市石碣医院<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>KLAUS MÜNCH. GOCCE DI SPAZI PARALLELI
Edito in occasione dell’esposizione di Klaus Münch alla Fabbrica del Vapore a Milano (17 febbraio – 23 marzo 2016), il volume cataloga le opere dello scultore e pittore tedesco contemporaneo. Un’occasione per riflettere sull’interesse nei confronti della materia, nelle sue forme microscopiche e nelle sue implicazioni organiche.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Origine
Potrebbe derivare dal nome medioevale Benenatus.
Il cognome Benati sembra essere specifico emiliano della zona che comprende il bolognese ed il modenese.
Benato è tipico del padovano con un ceppo secondario nel veronese.
Benà è veneto.
Benatti è tipico di Emilia Romagna e Lombardia.
Bennati è toscano.
Benasciuti è molto raro.
Benasciutti potrebbe essere originario del ferrarese.
Benassù, probabilmente unico, è veneto.
Benassuti è veronese.
Benatelli è veneziano.
Varianti
Presenza
Popolarità
Il cognome Benà è 1751° nella regione Valle d'Aosta
Il cognome Benà è 309° nella provincia di Rovigo
Il cognome Benà è 4° nel comune di Pontecchio Polesine (RO)<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>“Briç masasında kaç farklı eşleşme yapılabileceğini, belli şartlar altında bir haritanın tamamlanması için kaç renk gerekeceğini, bir filin satranç tahtasında kaç farklı yol izleyebileceğini veya belli bir yolun izlenmesi şartıyla bir kentten diğerine en kısa
nasıl gidilebileceğini kim gerçekten umursar?
Ama işte, matematik umursar ve hep umursamıştır…”
Isaac Asimov
Bu kitapta, “Satranç tahtasının her karesine, bir öncekinin iki katı kadar buğday tanesi koysanız bana yeter hünkârım” gibisinden, bir ülkeyi batırabilecek matematiksel “eşek şakaları” yok! Her şey uzayda olup bitmekte… O bakımdan rahat olalım!
Sayılar ve bulmacalar ilginizi çekiyorsa, bu da yetmezmiş gibi, “Yeter ki problem olsun, havada karada çözerim!” diyorsanız, buyrun size Matematikçinin Galaksi Rehberi.
Martin Gardner’ın yazdığı, Algan Sezgintüredi’nin çevirdiği 180 sayfalık kitap Aylak Yayınlarından 2011 yılında çıktı. 2018’de gözden geçirilmiş bir halde yeniden piyasaya çıkan kitabın 2. baskısı Ocak 2020’de yapıldı, fiyatı 20 TL civarında.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>به گزارش شهرآرانیوز، سیما سادات لاری در نشست خبری خود که به صورت ویدئوکنفرانس برگزار شد، درباره آمار جدید ابتلاء به ویروس کرونا در ۲۴ ساعت منتهی به ظهر امروز (پنجشنبه ۱۱ دیماه) اظهار کرد: در این بازه زمانی بر پایه جدیدترین نتایج آزمایشهای کرونا در کشور شش هزار و ۳۹۰ نفر مبتلای جدید شناسایی شده است که با احتساب این تعداد مجموع مبتلایان به کرونا در کشور تا امروز به یک میلیون و ۲۲۵ هزار و ۱۴۳ نفر رسیده است.
وی افزود: از تعداد بیماران بستری در بیمارستانهای کشور تاکنون ۹۸۸ هزار و ۸۳۸ نفر بهبود یافته و از بیمارستان ترخیص شدهاند.
سخنگوی وزارت بهداشت شمار جان باختگان بیماری کرونا طی ۲۴ ساعت اخیر در کشور را ۱۲۸ نفر اعلام کرد و گفت: با احتساب این آمار از ابتدا تا کنون ۵۵ هزار و ۲۲۳ نفر در کشور بر اثر بیماری کرونا جان باختهاند.
لاری تصریح کرد: از شمار مبتلایان شناسایی شده، ۷۰۲ نفر بستریهای بیمارستان بشمار میروند و پنج هزار و ۳۹ نفر از مبتلایان کرونا در بخش مراقبتهای ویژه بستری هستند.
منبع: ایمنا<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>The International Space Station, which celebrates its 15th birthday today, has had an interesting year in orbit—and in fiction. Astronaut Chris Hadfield turned it into his recording studio. The first private spacecraft reached the station, signaling the dawn of a new era in orbit. And in the film Gravity, a fictional barrage of space junk tore the ISS apart.
The anniversary of the November 1998 space shuttle mission that carried the first components of ISS into orbit is a good time to hop on the Wayback Machine, as the pages of Popular Mechanics are a window into the station's birth and controversial life. Back in 1994 then-Vice President Al Gore hopefully outlined the future of the American space program, including what was then just an agreement with Russia, Canada, Japan, and Europe on an international space station. With the Cold War recently concluded, it seemed like a new era of cooperation in space was beginning. But soon the challenge of maintaining a human habitat in space became clear.
In 1996, for example, PopMech covered the challenge of protecting the ISS from the threat of space junk. While there has been no Gravity-style onslaught of debris that has debilitated the station, during the ISS life span we have seen multiple instances in which ISS astronauts have taken shelter or NASA moved the station because it knew space junk would be making a close flyby.
By 2002, just a couple of years after the station's first human inhabitants arrived, major scientific groups were already decrying the station's technical glitches and questioning whether it even had much scientific value. The next year, while outlining his vision for space exploration in PM, Buzz Aldrin recommended building a six-person crew-return module so that a crew of a half-dozen could inhabit ISS. His thinking: Since station upkeep requires a lot of man-hours, putting more people in orbit would mean accomplishing more science. It never happened. The space shuttle did resume flying following the Columbia disaster that sparked that article until its 2011 retirement, but the permanent human crew of the station is still three in number.
Still, over the past decade and a half, astronauts have conducted countless experiments in a sustained microgravity environment that just can't be duplicated on Earth. And in a recent interview with me, astronaut Hadfield (admittedly biased as an ISS inhabitant and one-time commander) stressed what a remarkable achievement it is simply to have maintained a human habitat in space for so long. NASA and its partners, he argues, solved myriad little problems with keeping people alive off-Earth for months at a time—problems that couldn't have been anticipated. Their solutions will make future long-term manned missions to the moon, Mars, or an asteroid possible.
And while the ISS was born of a new, post–Cold War era of international cooperation in space, the station is now the focal point of another revolution: the rise of private space. Unmanned vehicles built by SpaceX and Orbital Sciences have now visited the ISS, their first major orbital milestone on the path to replacing the space shuttle for ferrying cargo, and eventually humans, to orbit.
As of now the ISS partners have discussed extending the station's life through 2020 and perhaps even 2028. If so, the ISS would endure to see its 30th birthday. We hope it stays up there as long as possible. After all, we've been there. In 2001 PopMech declared itself the first magazine in space (and "the official magazine of the universe") after we sent a copy up to the ISS.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>1.抬腿锻炼
稍微抬起一只腿离开
坚持五秒钟
大约重复五次
轮换另外一只腿
2.脚趾触地锻炼
跨开双脚至肩膀的深度图，双手向前抬高至肩膀的深度图
向前伸出你的右臂和左足，用你脚趾触及地板
返回当初的姿势，伸出另外的上肢和下肢作同样的锻炼大约重复五次
3.单腿站立锻炼
跨开双脚至肩膀的深度图伸直双手
抬起左腿，并屈曲。坚持五秒钟。
重复五次，但是轮换另外只腿。
随着锻炼水平的提高，可不可否不能整天锻炼单腿站立，即使在洗刷盘碟、读报纸或看电视时。做的不多，稳定的水平就越高。
4.太极拳
太极拳是有这人非竞争性的可自我调节比较文雅的身体锻炼。锻炼时，可慢慢地轻柔地按照一系列动作去做。每个动作或姿势要自然进入下有另一个 多。
研究表明太极拳可不可否不能提高老年人的平衡能力出理 摔倒。长期太极拳锻炼者可不可否不能提高膝关节的稳定，增加身体平衡能力。尽管太极拳是有这人安全的锻炼，但是在学习前，还是考虑和你的医生谈谈，尤其都是你有关节、脊柱或心脏的现象时。
转自：中国健康网<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>İngiliz basınına göre, Red Bull'un bütçe sınırı ihlali 1 milyon sterlini geçmiyor
Ferrari: "Bütçe sınırını çok az geçmek bile 0.5 saniye kazandırır"
Honda, Formula 1'e geri dönüşü görüşmeye başladı
Razgatlıoğlu: "MotoGP'de ortalarda kalmaktansa, Superbike'ta kalıp Rea gibi olmak daha iyi"
Wolff, 2023'te yarışlara katılımını azaltacak
2023 IndyCar takvimi açıklandı
Andretti: "IndyCar FIA'nın süper lisans sisteminde puan artışını hak ediyor"
Jimmie Johnson tam zamanlı yarış kariyerini sonlandırıyor
Arrow-McLaren takım patronu Taylor Kiel görevinden ve takımdan ayrıldı
Herta, bir istisna olarak Formula 1'e giriş yapmak istemiyor
Nashville IndyCar: Dixon, kaostan kurtularak kazandı
Iowa IndyCar: Newgarden kaza yapıyor, O'Ward kazanıyor
Indy 500: 106. yarışta zafer Ericsson'ın
Indy 500: Colton Herta antrenmanlarda kaza yapıyor
Jimmie Johnson, Indy 500'deki ilk günde zirvede<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Computer Chip Implant to Program Brain Activity, Treat Parkinson’s
An international team of researchers led by Dr. Matti Mintz at the University of Tel Aviv is working on a biomimetic computer chip for brain stimulation that is programmable, responsive to neural activity, and capable of bridging broken connections in the brain. Called the Rehabilitation Nano Chip, or ReNaChip, the device could be used to replace diseased or damaged brain tissue, restore brain functions lost to aging, and even treat epilepsy. The chip is currently in animal testing, but should reach human applications within a few years.
The ReNaChip will significantly improve an existing technology called deep brain stimulation (DBS), a surgical implant that acts as a brain pacemaker for a variety of neurological disorders. DBS delivers electrical stimulation to select areas of the brain via electrodes; for individuals with Parkinson’s, chronic pain, or dystonia, these induced stimulations can significantly alleviate symptoms (e.g. uncontrolled movement). But currently, the stimulation that DBS delivers is constant and unresponsive to brain activity. Because of this, the therapeutic effects are reduced over time. This is where the ReNaChip comes in, making the system responsive to brain activity and fully programmable.
The key to the ReNaChip is that it is bidirectional – it deals in both electrical input and output. First, the system measures electrical signals that are normally present in particular neural tissue via electrodes implanted in the brain. These signals are transmitted to the silicon chip, which analyzes the signal with a variety of programmable algorithms. The chip then delivers electrical stimulation to an appropriate brain area along output electrodes. In contrast to current DBS technology, the ReNaChip would only deliver stimulation where and when it is needed (e.g. it could turn off when a patient is asleep).
Experimental studies are currently underway using rats as a model organism. For now, the researchers are applying the chip to a simple motor microcircuit in the brain: blinking, which is controlled in the cerebellum. The blinking microcircuit degrades with age, so current research aims to rehabilitate the response in aged rats. Input electrodes detect electrical impulses from cerebellar tissue, the silicon chip isolates the relevant signal from background noise, and an electrical stimulation is delivered to implanted electrodes that trigger blinking. If this proof-of-concept study is successful, they will move on to rehabilitating more complex neural wiring.
While researchers are primarily focusing on motor responses, the applications of the ReNaChip are pretty wide. Any interrupted brain wiring (e.g. as a result of stroke) could conceivably be reconnected using electrodes and the flexibility of the chip’s programming. The chip could also be used to treat epilepsy, if electrodes could detect on oncoming seizure and diffuse it with appropriate stimulation. But researchers have their sights on an even more ambitious goal: rehabilitating the brain’s learning capacities, which would require increasing neural plasticitity. If the ReNaChip could be used to create and strengthen new connective networks, it could partially improve an older brain’s ability to learn new tricks.
There are a few problems with the ReNaChip as it exists now. The size of electrodes limits the precision with which signals can be recorded and delivered. An effort to further miniaturize the electrodes is underway, which would improve the larger DBS overstimulation problem as well. The actual chip size is also an issue of concern; researchers hope that someday the chip could be etched onto the electrodes themselves. Still, they don’t have any plans to put the chip itself inside the brain just yet – it would be inserted under the skin, much like a pacemaker. Dr. Mintz says the device will need about 6 more months of animal testing, and could reach humans within a few years.
The brain-computer interface is pretty hot territory right now, with research ranging disciplines from
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The authors are thankful to the head of Department of Zoology, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara for providing lab facilities to carry out the present work.
This is a study performed by corresponding authors and her group (other authors) and has not taken any funding from any of the agencies.
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Ethics approval and consent to participate
All the insects collected were according to the laws of India, and none of the collected species were in the IUCN red list. We declare that we do not need ethical clearance for the present diversity and phylogeny work.
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Not applicable to the present study.
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
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Table S1. Pairwise computation of distance of individual species using MEGA7 software (DOCX 44 kb)
Table S2. The sequence obtained was subjected to barcode gap analysis that represented the distance to nearest neighbor (NN). The barcode gap analysis was performed in BOLD v.4to find the nearest neighbor distance using K2P parameter. The overall mean distance was reported to be 35.95% in the present study (DOCX 11 kb)
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Singhal, S., Thakkar, B., Pandya, P. et al. Unraveling the diversity, phylogeny, and ecological role of cryptic Coleopteran species of Vadodara district: a first comparative approach from India. JoBAZ 79, 53 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1186/s41936-018-0062-2<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>"If we don't change the direction soon, we'll end up where we're going." Irwin Corey
AI technologies are forecast to add USD 15 trillion to the global economy by 2030. At this moment, around the world, at least 50 countries (including the EU as a whole) have developed, or are in the process of developing, a national AI strategy. Of these, 36 have (or plan to have) either separate strategies in place for public sector AI, or a dedicated focus embedded within a broader strategy.
This means it is quite safe to state that artificial intelligence is far from being a novelty for most individuals around the globe. It also shows that the new technology is already impacting, to a significant extent actually, the way we act as humans in general, and as users of digital products in particular.
AI-powered tools are integrated into various businesses from different areas, ranging from retail and education, to the medical system, cybersecurity and even the defense sector. With so many advancements and considering the effort and investments that the governments put into adopting and further developing AI, it is only normal that we ask ourselves: should this be regulated? Is there a standard we should have in mind when building AI products? Should there be laws, government accountability and corporate transparency?
What is regulation and why would AI need to be regulated?
Regulation of businesses also existed in the ancient Egyptian, Indian, Greek, and Roman civilizations. Modern regulation, however, can be traced back to the 19th and 20th century, when much of the ruling in the US was handled and enforced by regulatory agencies which produced their own administrative laws and procedures under the authority of statutes.
New technologies and groundbreaking discoveries or innovations have always called for new regulations or amendments to the existing ones. And, as with any other change, opinions are divided when it comes to the benefits of regulation. Some believe it hinders progress and is an impediment to corporate and small-business profits and a waste of resources. Others see it as a great way to protect individuals or businesses and to address the potential unintended consequences of disruption. The truth is that regulation should be able to maintain a balance between doing these while also fostering innovation.
With regard to AI, there are a lot of voices calling for such a regulation that would prevent governments and any other businesses from using the technology to their advantage. For instance, Bill Gates, who believes AI will “allow us to produce a lot more goods and services with less labor,” expects labor force dislocations and has suggested a robot tax. Elon Musk, who is well-known for his warnings about AI and its threat to the existence of human civilization, calls for proactive regulation “before it is too late.”
But why would we need to regulate AI? Why not let the technology follow its course and turn into this unprecedented, amazing tool?
1. AI can be both good and evil
Artificial intelligence has indeed proven it can bring unexpected benefits to numerous sectors. From less boring and time consuming jobs, decreased costs, improved quality and performance, better decision-making processes, to more accurate and faster medical diagnostics as well as early detection of cancer and other chronic diseases, AI turns out to be a great ally in improving our lives.
But it is not all rainbows and sunshine. AI can also be biased, manipulative and inconsistent. There were numerous cases in which AI was used for targeted political adverts - remember Facebook and Cambridge Analytica who served up manipulative fake news stories to people based on their psychological profiles.
2. Machines make mistakes too
And this is not actually the real problem. The problem is that, most of the times, we tend to believe that an algorithm is always right, because it's all mathematics and logic. Well, this is not even remotely true. In her book "Hello World", Hannah Fry presents a series on interesting events in which algorithms were misleading, but humans decided to trust them blindly. For instance, on March 22nd 2009, a man almost drove off a cliff because his GPS told him it had found a shortcut to his house. Although the road was narrow and full of dirt, the man stated he had no reason not to trust his TomTom sat-nav. In other shocking examples, she presents how some algorithms used in the judicial system have allowed judges to wrongfully convict several citizens.
3. Ethics is a big conundrum
Ethics in artificial intelligence has been long debated. Sadly, we still have no final decision or course of action on this.
A few years ago, five technology giants have joined forces to create an ethics standard for AI. Researchers from Alphabet, Amazon, Facebook, IBM and Microsoft have met to discuss the most tangible issues, such as the impact of AI on employment,
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的。我觉得他这句话非常真诚，也是一种婉拒。但是咨询的这五年，因为这份真诚，值了。 @千 自己刚刚接管部门做部长的时候，那个时候我和一个之前关系很好的朋友闹翻了，部门事务很多，自己也不太会管理。觉得自己真的非常无助而且孤身一人，担心自己会管理不好部门，给自己的压力也很大。那个时候拉了一个舍友上天台聊天，从十二点聊到凌晨五点。非常感谢那位舍友，愿意倾听我说的话，给我在崩溃时候带来一束光。 @匿名 那年我大一，曾连续一个月失眠。清楚的记得是12月6号，被查出有重度抑郁症。撑不下去了，是自己一个人去的精神专科医院。挂号时面对别人各种异样的眼光，但好在医生超级温柔体贴！包里揣着检查单和几盒米氮平走出医院，抬头就看见太阳快要落下，尽管那天很冷，但阳光灿烂。可是我在大街上边走边哭。一周后告诉了我的心理咨询师这件事，她握着我的手超级温柔地说：“我希望在接下来的一个月内你可以安全度过，尽管这可能有一些难度，但让我们一起面对它，好吗？”真的瞬间泪崩。 @匿名 有天去学校上班，听到消息，有个学生轻生了，就觉得的他好傻，身体健康、充满朝气、充满希望的年龄，为什么会这么想不开？从没感受到生命如此的宝贵和脆弱。开始强迫自己积极乐观的去看待所有的事物，慢慢的随着时间的流逝一切就都好转了。 @匿名 大龄女，因为想转行所以考了研究生。可今年投暑期实习却颗粒无收。每天刷着招聘网站，同时还要应对高强度的学习，同学们纷纷找到实习，我内心更落寞了。面试机会都少的可怜，偶有几次，最后面试官问到本科毕业时间时都沉默了。好几周都吃不下饭，也不出门，觉得人生无望，辞掉人人艳羡的工作，现在却连个实习都找不到了。有天偶然下楼，闻到满院的栀子花香，突然好像回到了人间。 @张文禄 不知为了什么熬夜加班到凌晨三点，走出楼栋后看见深蓝的天空，深夜的凉风习习，感觉自己还活着。 @匿名 和初恋分手以后，每天浑浑噩噩。一天晚上舍友们都睡熟了，只有我躺在床上看拉着窗帘的窗户。月光透过窗帘模糊的照进来，我看着看着突然鼻子一酸，当时脑子里什么都没想，心里也空荡荡的，眼睛好像自己就哭了出来，整个人有种濒临崩溃坠入悬崖一去不复返的感觉，但就在那一刹那我告诉自己别这样，一旦陷进去就出不来了。我就忍着内心绝望的想法，硬生生把自己拉了回来。翻了翻身，专心睡觉。 03 每次撑不下去的时候，都有另一件事把我托起来 @木可的柯 我的崩溃期是在考研结束后的当晚，考研三跨，一路走得很辛苦。长时间没处理情绪的我在当晚情绪爆发。我像抓住最后一根救命稻草一般与我妈联系，结果换回我妈一句“考都考完了，有什么好委屈的？就你事情多？”说真的，在那一晚，我想过100种“到此为止”的办法。 幸好，当时正值毕业论文开题，我厚着脸皮以“学术探讨”为由，去见了因准备考研许久未见的导师（也是我的人生偶像，一位优雅又温柔的女士）。去见她的那天，我早早地订了束花，是一捧鲜红的玫瑰。只因为玫瑰红的热烈又温柔。 于是在那个冬天的清晨，我抱着一大束红玫瑰，气喘吁吁地穿过还有薄雾的校园，想要奔赴一场约会。那天上午具体聊了什么我已经不记得了，只是记得被温柔地支持着。 那天从教学楼出来时阳光正好，天空湛蓝，肚子很饿，好像狠狠的被生活拥抱了一大把。 @栗🌰子 休产假在家带娃的日子，晚上自己定时喂奶，一个人换纸尿裤，哭闹的时候整夜抱着哄睡，那时总害怕夜晚来临，整夜的失眠眼睁睁默默流泪到天亮，常常觉得快要撑不下去了。但白天看到宝宝冲我笑被我都得咯咯咯笑出声，就忘记了所有的辛苦和不愉快，现在宝宝快2岁了超级黏妈妈。 @izzy 有了宝宝后，没有睡过一个整觉，没有看过一次电视，没有一次可以不忌口的大吃特吃，忍着剖腹产的痛，忍着乳腺炎的疼，忍着自己严重走形的身材，忍着日复一日的抱着哭闹不停宝宝的无奈。 当了妈妈后，每时每刻都在崩溃中，看到宝宝的笑脸又从崩溃中醒来。依然感谢上天给了我一个这么可爱的宝宝，谢谢宝宝让我又多了一重妈妈的身份。 @风中李 有一天上班堵车，没办法只能步行，紧赶慢赶淋湿了还是迟到一分钟打卡界面变成红色了。结果公司的内勤保安突然拿着伞来前坪接我。虽然当时自作多情以为只给我打了伞（实际上是公司福利，下雨天自动给员工打伞），突然就有了活下去的勇气。因为当天早上起来我就很想轻生，真的很累。 @匿名 记得有一次小组活动和组员也是我的好朋友吵了一两个小时，吵着吵着升级了他说要撒手不干了让我很难过也很手足无措（因为活动没他做不完），哭了半个小时拿着剪刀冲进厕所把自己留了一年多的长发剪了，折腾了两个多小时剪成了齐耳短发，瞬间感觉情绪稳定了不少。 @匿名 大学期间 在被诊断为精神病及抑郁症之前，有一次确实的带着尖锐的折叠刀踹进了衣兜里 想要寻短见，印象深刻的是，无论如何都没有下得去手。泪流满面之后，找了一个水果摊，要了一块菠萝，可能是疾病的影响 我当时记不住事了。 阿姨告诉我，乖，你不回家吗。大概是这个意思，然后我就回去了，后来被联系上了家里人 是很痛苦的过程，现在偶尔面对不喜欢自己的人，包括亲人，也不执着于被接受了，茫茫人海，有对你好的人，运气这种事情太需要感恩了，有过一次已经收益终身，老天爷保佑善良的人吧。 @Y0是雅玲不是哑铃么 然后过了两天，我下定决心去看医生，确诊了抑郁症。那天晚上我坐在凳子上哭，一直哭一直哭一直哭。第二天，我收到了一个朋友给我寄的快递，她在得知我得病了以后，不知道该怎么安慰我，不善表达的她连夜给我买了一副耳环，打开快递那刻我忽然觉得好像还是有人惦记我的，我应该还能再撑一阵子吧，我应该还能再继续，在这个我不喜欢的世界里找到点我喜欢的东西吧。 @Carrie_ 暧昧了许久的学长在共同认识的学姐面前直言我太傻。我和学姐都隐隐感觉到他喜欢的其实是认识不到一月的她 。极度难过的时候，学姐带我去逛我和他常去的那条街，听我讲完了整个故事，和我一起骂渣男，陪我度过最痛的期末周。 04 终于看到希望的时候，感觉一切都值了 @匿名 在投了十几次调剂申请都被拒后，我濒临崩溃，逃难似的回到了奶奶家，将近八十的奶奶带着我求神拜佛，心心念念的就是我可以上一个好学校。谁料在第二天，我考研二战营的钱都交了，准备下午出发时，上午我收到了复试通知，下午复试，晚上拟录。奶奶高兴的像个孩子，快八十的老太太居然跳了起来。她就是我的天。 @凌霜落 我初中的时候因为进入了全市最好的学校，而导致心理落差特别大。后来上完体育课看到了桌子里的饼干，上面贴着一张班主任写的便签，“学习重要，身体更重要，要是饿了就吃点，看得出来你已经很努力了。要是压力大了就来找我聊聊天吧，虽然我不一定帮你解决问题，但是至少可以听你说。”瞬间哭出来了。现在我高一了，依旧保留着这个便签，初中四年，每次在自己撑不下去的时候一直有她支撑着，真的特别感谢。 @isen_ 某天搜索“跳楼几层能确保死亡”之类的问题，看到一个答案，具体字句不记得了，大意是“跳到我怀里吧，我一定会给你一个温暖的拥抱，然后要勇敢的面对一切，活下去”之类。 @匿名 第一年到帝都北漂，工作好不容易靠谱稳定下来，体检身体却出了问题。一个人使劲撑着，也不敢放弃刚找到的工作。冬天下班晚高峰在没有暖气的公交车上晃到晕车呕吐，只能下车在街上走一走，实在撑不住坐在街边冰冷的石凳上缓一缓……是车站附近那家重庆小吃的酸辣粉给虚弱又冷到骨子里的我续了命。 @匿名 初二次期末前，最好的朋友住了院，精神科。我突然阑尾炎，胆汁都吐出来了，后来住院做了手术。但是两个住在不同医院的人打着电话讲窗外云彩的时候，希望阳光永远亮得发白，希望时间就这样延续下去，直到永远。后来我们再没通过电话。 @匿名 2014年冬天肾炎复发了，身无分文，学业不能耽误，就这样拖着病怏怏的身子去上学，下学的路上天好黑，下起了大雪，路上没有路灯，鞋子湿了，身后过来一辆车，车灯打在斜下来的大片雪花上，美极了，就那一霎那的时间，记忆深刻，流泪已经不能形容我的心情了。 @匿名 大五下学期临近毕业，被暴食症和抑郁症折磨得几近崩溃，一直在哭，虽然私下联系咨询师违背了规则，但我还是向他寻求了帮助去精神科看了医生，熬过了刚开始服药产生副作用的那几天，有一天结束实习工作的傍晚回宿舍，几个女孩子骑着车欢声笑语路过身边，晚霞和树叶发出的“沙沙”声，突然那种因为情绪低落隐去的“感知力”一瞬间恢复了，世界多美好，可我好像还是没有什么信心好起来。 @保持围笑 有一天，我发现我对孩子也无话可说了，我甚至不想带孩子了，也不介意孩子以后有没有我。那一刻，我知道自己真的撑不住了。连妈妈这样的责任，都无法留住我。 我去了精神病医院，开始吃安眠药和抗抑郁药，我只是知道自己还不能死，而不是我不想死。一开始，我是很排斥吃药的，我觉得一个人类被药物控制是一件非常没有尊严的事情，所以每天晚上我总是拖到最后时刻才会把药吃了。随着睡眠的好转，脑子也渐渐清楚，我吃了半个月的药，没有复查没有续吃，就自己停了。我知道这样不对，但是我知道通过这半个月，我对自己的掌控权又回来了。不知道未来会怎样，反正现在我还活着。 @Zoo 被抑郁症压到喘不过气来，在人前还得保持一副没心没肺的傻样。下班天全黑了，沿江开车，想把车开进江里，下辈子再好好活吧。然后又告诉自己，再坚持一天，明天就去死，就这样一天天坚持到了现在。 @上帝我愿用10年寿命换600分 家暴校暴导致重抑，神经性厌食瘦了40斤 现在贪厌交替， 一顿吃五斤，吃完喂马桶。从120掉到70，每一个撑不下去的时候都有另一件坏事把我托起来。 @葡萄水绿 觉得自己无家可归的时候吧，遇到任何困难都没有退路的时候。天黑的时候，一个人在雨里跑很久的时候。有时候早上在床上就爬不起来了，不知道生活的希望是什么。可是一想到要在三十而立之际拥有一份博士学位和一个温暖纯良的爱人，就努力爬起来。 @Big冯冯要快乐 刚巧碰上学生会换届，导员要调剂我到一个陌生部门，我觉得很委屈，也有点防卫过度可能表现的不太得体。我买了一份炒河粉，买了一直想喝没舍得买的RIO，找了喜欢的综艺节目，我一个人坐在天台上，吹着晚风，边吃边哭。 生活太苦了，还有很多很多不公平的事。我真的真的觉得自己的日子到头了。我一直坐到很晚，大概十二点以后了，舍友打来电话找我，我没接，紧接着，导员找我，崔崔找我，高中的朋友也来找我。等三四个电话响起来的时候，我哭的更厉害了，觉得自己还是被在乎的，还有人仍然爱着差劲的我。 05 就算什么也不做，坏事情也有结束的时候 @打死我都不吃胡萝卜 去年秋天，失恋又加上诸事不顺，夜里又总犯胃炎，那段时间几乎天天睡前都会流泪，然后整夜整夜睡不着觉。 之后有一天，学弟找我凌晨五点半去学校后山拍日出，我一直到那个点都没睡，天还没亮就和他跑到山脚下。天亮了我两又回去爬上了山顶，那天多云没有看见日出，但是深秋的后山还是很美，往山下看学校也特别好看，当时感觉自己沉着的心就松弛了很多。 @Yx_⊂((・x・))⊃ 最近一边实习一边应付期末，上班九小时，下班写作业九小时，睡觉六小时。我觉得我过得还挺好我能控制住自己。直到端午去找我男朋友，他问我累不累压力大不大，他说我憔悴了变瘦了，我一下子就撑不住哭了。现在端午结束回到了实习的地方，一样是继续实习加论文轰炸，但是不会再把自己当机器人一样压抑自己了，要开始学会爱自己。 @匿名 就是刚刚吧，还有九天高考的晚上，下了生物课头疼到炸裂，心里想着刚刚老师讲的知识，想着明天的周测，想着九天后的高考，晚风夹着下过雨潮湿的味道裹着我往家走。突然有点想哭，有点想放弃，慢吞吞地一步一挪。最后还是深呼吸调整情绪加快步伐回了家，现在准备背英语单词了。 @匿名 辞掉工作后准备考
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important areas of human discussion – and experience – such as religion and morality. Further, as erstwhile Logical Positivist Karl Popper pointed out, modern science cannot function under a verificationist approach to knowledge. For example, quantum particles are changed by the act of observing them, demonstrating that the senses do not offer the transparent window on external reality that Aristotle or later empiricists and positivists claimed. Also, as GE Moore pointed out, there is no way to prove that “this is a hand”… at some point the attempt to describe and communicate about sense-experience relies on concepts and conventions, as Hume previously acknowledged when he pointed out that properties like colour are secondary, not primary qualities and this depend on the way we see things, not the way they really are. It is true that Popper’s falsificationism does not stray too far from that which can at least in principle be experienced through the senses… and certainly does not seem to offer much support to Plato’s rationalism… but it allows for beliefs to be accepted as knowledge providing that criteria for their falsification are accepted. In the scientific sense, falsification allows for scientists to speculate about the origins and fundamental nature of the universe and about multiverses – none of which can ever be directly observed – if they define the circumstances under which they would modify or abandon their theories. In a broader sense, falsification enables people to propose moral laws meaningfully – laws which could never be seen, heard, touched, smelled or tasted – providing that they would be willing to accept falsifying evidence. Alternative theories of knowledge, such as Quine’s holism, recognise the need to include all of human experience rather than just to focus on sense-experience, seeing mathematics as close to the centre of the “web of human experience”, and as such show that Aristotle’s narrower approach has been superseded. The general rejection of the Verification Principle and the move to find other approaches to knowledge and meaning in the mid-20th century points to the fact that relying on the empirical senses as the source of all new human knowledge – as Aristotle and the empiricists did – is limiting and leads to an impoverished world-view.
Today, Plato’s is a more convincing as an approach to Philosophy than Aristotle’s, because he recognised that reason offers people a better means of understanding things as they really are… although he probably was too confident about how far this could go. As Descartes pointed out in the 17th Century, reality goes much deeper than superficial appearances. This begins with all the assumptions people made for millennia – that the earth is flat, the centre of the universe, orbited by the sun and stars in fixed orbits – and includes assumptions that even scientists still make every day – that matter is real, that the way we see things is the way they are, that this part of the universe is a fair sample of a homogenous whole. To the sceptic, everything in the world of appearances is open to question and nothing is known for certain. Nevertheless, starting with the foundational claim that I exist as a thinking being, we can have certain a priori knowledge of mathematics, which does more to explain the reality of the universe than ever can direct observations, as theoretical physicists will confirm. This shows that Plato’s rationalism is more compelling, because it supports current thinking in Mathematics, Theoretical Physics, Particle Science and Cosmology.
In addition, seeing thought and reason as primary also makes more sense of the broader experience of being human. Plato’s dualism, his suggestion that soul/mind and physical body are separate and even separable, remains far more popular than Aristotle’s suggestion that the soul and body are one and inseparable. Despite Aquinas’ attempt to argue that an Aristotelian “soul” could be transferred to a new “heavenly” body in an afterlife, this raises more questions than it solves. The belief in the afterlife, a belief which is extremely widespread, consistent and persistent and even, as Kant argued, required to explain the freedom we all experience as human beings, is much better supported by Platonic dualism than by Aristotlelian monism. Most people experience a continuity of personal identity and sense of self from early childhood to death. If the soul is the “formal cause of the body” and the body changes radically over time then we might expect the soul to change as well… but it is consistent. Most people would agree that changes to the body – becoming a paraplegic for example – has little or no effect on the soul or sense of self, which we might expect to alter if the soul was just the formal cause of the body as Aristotle proposed. Clearly, if Aristotle was here to defend himself he might point to the effects of traumatic brain injury or dementia, suggesting personal identity depends on the brain as a physical organ and is in no way separate or separable. As Gilbert Ryle said, Plato’s talk of souls could rest on a category mistake; the soul could be no more than a “ghost in the machine”. And yet, to dismiss all the evidence for out-of-body and near-death experiences just because it cannot be empirically verified would be hasty. Recent medical studies by Dr Sam Parnia (AWARE and AWARE II) suggest that the evidence better supports the brain mediating rather than generating the mind. To use Plato’s own allegory of the cave, might dismissing reports of a metaphysical reality and attacking those who make them be rather like the prisoners in the cave threatening the one who escaped and returned? Are we satisfied to stay chained in the shadows, blocking out any evidence that could expand our world-view, or are we brave enough to contemplate the possibility of a bigger reality beyond? Plato’s dualism is more persuasive than Aristotelian materialism, because it accounts both for the experience of being human and research into Out of Body and Near Death Experiences.
Further, Plato’s world-view makes more sense of the human experience of morality than does Aristotle’s. Both GE Moore in his “Principia Ethica” (1903) and later Iris Murdoch in her “Sovereignity of the Good” (1970) pointed out that we recognise goodness when it cannot be reduced to what is useful or makes people happy. Not to be distracted by Plato’s language in relation to the forms, it is fair to say that there is an ideal of goodness which people experience as a rational intuition. Kant described this in terms of the moral law, which appeals directly to reason as a synthetic a priori and shows all thinking people their duty to act transparently, on principle and with non-preferential humanitarian love. Modern proponents of Natural Law like John Finnis explain what Aquinas called conscientia, the inbuilt desire to follow the direction of synderesis or what Aristotle called phronesis, in these terms. It is difficult to explain why the way people do behave is the way they ought to behave without appealing to reason, to the sort of rational intuitions which Plato sought to explain. The existence of a “form of the good”, howsoever this is described, explains the existence of the universal human virtues which CS Lewis and Alastair MacIntyre described and the absolute authority of agape-love which Joseph Fletcher appealed to. Iris Murdoch developed her own version of Platonism in which she also proposed that human beings share rational intuitions of “forms” such as goodness and beauty. This, she argued, explains why human beings seem to share the same ideas of what is good and beautiful, despite cultural and/or historical distance between them. CS Lewis made a similar point in his “Mere Christianity” (1953), pointing out that ideas of justice exist in a similar way across time and the world. This suggests that Plato’s philosophical approach makes more sense of human experience than scientific materialism, based on Aristotle’s philosophical approach, which tries to reduce morality and aesthetics to utilitarianism or evolutionary advantage.
Finally, the existence of innate ideas explains human language acquisition more convincingly than any other hypothesis. As Noam Chomsky argues, human beings seem hard-wired for language, sharing a common conceptual and grammatical framework which needs only to be expressed through the conventions of a particular language. Infants acquire language much more quickly than we might expect and non-human species (like chimps, dolphins and parrots) face an insuperable obstacle to using language rather than just naming things. That no animal can talk is about much more than their lack of verbal dexterity, it is about their lack of the necessary neurological structures. As Wittgenstein remarked in a different context, if a lion could talk we could not understand him. Nativist theories of language acquisition like that of Chomsky would say that this is because the lion’s language would employ a whole other conceptual and grammatical framework as well as because the lion’s form of life is necessarily alien. This shows that Plato’s philosophical approach, and particularly his belief in innate ideas, accounts for the evidence concerning human language acquisition better than Aristotelian materialism has.
In conclusion, despite the continued popularity of Aristotle’s philosophical approach, recent developments in both science and philosophy suggest that it is Plato’s approach which holds more interest going forward into the 21st century and beyond.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>推特CEO杰克·多尔西离职是真的吗？
点击量：发布时间：2021-11-30 11:13
据CNN报道，美国社交平台推特于当地时间11月29日宣布，推特联合创始人杰克·多尔西（Jack Dorsey）将辞去该公司首席执行官（CEO）一职。技术主管帕拉格·阿格拉瓦尔（Parag Agrawal）接替杰克·多尔西（Jack Dorsey），出任CEO。
杰克·多尔西。 图源：BBC
多尔西在一份声明中说：“我决定离开推特了，因为我相信推特可以在阿格拉瓦尔的带领下继续前进，作为推特的CEO，我非常信任阿格拉瓦尔。他在过去10年的工作里付出了很多，也给推特带来了很多变革性的改变，我对他深表感谢。现在该是他领导的时候了。”
2006年，30岁的杰克·多尔西（Jack Dorsey）和伊万·威廉姆斯（Evan Williams）、Biz Stone（比兹·斯通）一起创立了推特。在这之前，他是个程序设计师。他在博客、即时通讯系统、电子邮件、手机简讯，这堆繁复众多的通讯方式中，看到了创办推特的商机。
2007年，多尔西首次成为推特的首席执行官，次年卸任。2015年他再次回归担任CEO。
除了推特创始人和CEO的身份，多尔西还有一个知名的行动，是封禁前总统特朗普的推特账号。
今年1月6日，有大批支持特朗普的民众涌入华盛顿展开游行示威活动，部分示威者暴力闯入美国国会大厦，以此“威胁”国会联席会议的议员，让其拒绝承认拜登选举获胜的结果。国会大厦骚乱之后，多家社交平台封锁了特朗普账号，认为他煽动暴徒。在推特平台，正是多尔西封闭了特朗普的推特账号。
私募股权公司创始人基金负责人迈克·索拉纳说：“人们总是将多尔西与推特备受质疑的审查机制混为一谈，但我的感觉是，过去几年他已经尽其所能保持推特这个平台相对开放，没有他，事情会更糟，而不是更好。”
2021年4月，福布斯富豪排行榜发布，杰克·多尔西以125亿美元位列《2021福布斯全球富豪榜》第173名。
多尔西的接任者阿格拉瓦尔拥有斯坦福大学计算机科学博士学位，本科则就读于印度理工学院。阿格拉瓦尔在加盟推特之前，曾在微软、雅虎和AT&T实验室工作过。阿格拉瓦尔最初加入推特时担任软件工程师，他已经在该公司任职超过10年，2017年被任命CTO（首席技术官）。
帕拉格·阿格拉瓦尔。 图源CNN
据美国消费者新闻与商业频道（CNBC），在推特宣布多尔西不再担任该公司的CEO后， 推特美股盘前上涨超过11%，随后不断回落调整，截至收盘推特股价收跌2.74%，报45.78美元，市值366亿美元。<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Sağlıklı bir bahçe sağlıklı toprakla başlar. Toprağınızın yapısını, pH'sını ve besin içeriğini iyileştirmeye çalışın ve bitkilerinizle ve bahçe zararlılarıyla daha az sorun yaşarsınız. Bahçenizde kullanabileceğiniz bazı ücretsiz toprak değişiklikleri:
01Yaprak Kalıbı
Genellikle yaprak küfü olarak adlandırılan kompostlu yapraklar, fantastik bir toprak değişikliğidir. Su tutma ve toprak yapısını iyileştirir ve bahçenizdeki dükkanları kurmaya birçok yararlı bakteri ve solucanı teşvik eder. Yaprak kalıbı yapmak için, bahçenize bir çöp kutusu yerleştirin, yapraklarla doldurun ve kompostlamalarını bekleyin. Süreci hızlandırmak istiyorsanız, çöpe atmadan önce yaprakları çim biçme makinenizle birlikte çalıştırın.
02Tahta külü
Şöminenizi temizlemek için iyi bir neden mi arıyorsunuz? İşte burada: odun külü doğal bir kireç çözücüdür, bu da asidik toprağınızı evcilleştirmenize yardımcı olacağı anlamına gelir. Sadece toprağa çalışın, bu pH'ı kontrol etmenize yardımcı olacaktır. Odun külü hem kalsiyum hem de potasyum içerdiğinden bitkilerinizi aynı anda besleyecektir.
Not: Açelya, yaban mersini, ortanca ve diğer asit seven bitkilerin altında odun külü kullanmaktan kaçının. Ayrıca tuza duyarlı bitkilerin çevresinde kullanmaktan kaçının.
03Kahve Alanları
Bahçe toprağınıza kullanılmış kahve çekirdekleri ekleyerek toprak yapısını ve besin içeriğini iyileştirin. Bağımsız bir laboratuvar testinde Sunset Magazine, arazinin fosfor, potasyum, magnezyum ve bakır açısından zengin olduğunu buldu. Burası ücretsiz kahve çeşitlerini bulabileceğiniz yerdir.
04organik gübre
Bir kompost yığını başlatın, böylece kompost için para ödemek zorunda kalmazsınız ya da eve taşınma zorluğuyla uğraşmazsınız. Evde yetişen iyi bir kompost grubu, toprak yapısını iyileştirir, size bahçıvanların can attığı o kadar ufak bir doku verir ve toprağın sulamalar arasındaki nemi tutmasına yardımcı olur.
- Bir Çöp Kutusunu Kompost Kutusuna Dönüştürme<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>جمعه ۵ خرداد ۱۳۹۶ ایران ۰۰:۴۶
۱۰ میلیون دلار برای کفش خبرنگار عراقی پیشنهاد شد
یک مرد اهل عربستان سعودی ۱۰ میلیون دلار برای کفش هایی که منتظر الزیدی، خبرنگار عراقی، در بغداد به سوی پرزیدنت بوش پرت کرد پیشنهاد کرده است.
خبرگزاری های خاورمیانه امروز، چهارشنبه، گزارش هایی درباره پیشنهاد محمد مخافه منتشر کردند و به نقل از او در گفتگو با یک ایستگاه تلویزیونی در قاهره گفتند کفشی که به طرف سر رییس جمهوری آمریکا پرت شد، «کفش والايی» است و «ارزش معنوی بالايی» دارد.
در این میان، خبرگزاری رویترز گزارش می دهد یک مرد مصری گفته است حاضر است دختر ۲۰ ساله اش را به ازدواج منتظر الزیدی در آورد.
رویتر به نقل از دختر جوان گقت او در پیوستن به مردی چین شرافتمند اشکالی نمی بیند.
هزاران عراقی برای حمایت از الزیدی، که از زمان پرتاب کفش، موقعیت یک قهرمان را کسب کرده است، به خیابان ها ریخته اند و از مقامات عراقی خواسته اند او را آزاد کنند.
این حادثه همچنین الهام بخش یک بازی اینترنتی شده است که به بازیکنان اجازه می دهد به طرف آقای بوش لنگه کفش پرت کنند. سایت می گوید تا امروز بیش از ۱۷ میلیون کفش به سر مجازی پرزیدنت بوش اصابت کرده است.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>鬼谷子，是平邑大洼林场深处一个美丽山村的名字，这个看起来挺奇怪的名字，缘于两千多年前一个颇有些传奇色彩的人物——鬼谷子王禅。相传，鬼谷子就出生在这个山村。
民间传说中，鬼谷子是一个神秘的人物。在卞桥大洼里面有个王家村，村里有个王姓富裕人家，家中有位千金，人称“王氏女”。某年初一，王氏女在夜间做梦有人告诉她说在谷中坟头有布谷鸟。醒来去看果真如此,发现谷中坟头一棵稻谷，觉谷粒可爱，便放在口里，无意之中，吞了下去。不久，有了身孕。待到家人发现，已近临产之时。
父亲知道后，为正“家风”，决定处死女儿。母亲则偷出一些碎金，牵出一匹好马，交与女儿，让女儿逃命。王氏女骑着马，一路逃到了蒙山。她爬上了山崖，找个山洞住了下来。这个岩洞十分奇特：洞门两测，左有“钟石”；右有“鼓石”。岩壁上还有一只麒麟，若隐若现。岩洞顶部有“银河”，银河两岸有“星星”。又有一个椭圆形凹陷，平亮如镜，隐隐有光，象一轮明月，挂在半空。王氏女决定在这里安身，当晚便产下一男孩。
洞中没有食物，在王氏女正为饮食发愁时，她无意中发现麒麟旁，几个岩眼正往外流着东西。她看一看，尝一尝，发现：一个是白米，一个是盐巴，一个是清油。王氏女找来三个竹筒，分别装了食物。她又到外面找了些野菜、鸟蛋等作为副食。三个岩眼
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a personaggi già presenti nel fumetto. Naomi, infatti, è stata descritta come un personaggio simile ad una nonna che, avendo perso tante persone care, è ora disposta a fare tutto il necessario per non doverne seppellire più. Molti hanno ipotizzato che Naomi verrà introdotta per svolgere la linea narrativa che nel fumetto vedeva al centro Denise. Il personaggio di Jennie, invece, sarà una solare e gentile adolescente che, però, mostra spesso un carattere un po' duro e stanco del mondo. Il personaggio è già stato paragonato alla defunta Beth e alcuni hanno ipotizzato che possa essere il prossimo coinvolgimento emotivo di Carl.
Ricordiamo che The Walking Dead farà il suo ritorno per la settima stagione nel mese di ottobre con un trailer che verrà presentato al San Diego Comic Con di metà luglio.
The Walking Dead 7: svelati due nuovi personaggidi
Eleonora Bigando
Mentre alcuni di questi personaggi saranno le trasposizioni dei loro corrispettivi originariamente creati per il fumetto, molti saranno creati appositamente per la serie tv, come è già accaduto in passato con Daryl Dixon e molti altri.
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- Josh McDermitt lascia i social network dopo aver ricevuto minacce di morte
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- The Walking Dead 7: Scott Gimple sull'eventuale ritorno di Steven Yeun
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The Walking Dead - Stagione 7
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- The Gifted: Skyler Samules è nel cast del serial sugli X-Men<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Nuthatches are constantly on the move. These little acrobats creep up, down and about tree trunks and branches, circling and zigzagging continually. They never stop long enough to pose for a photograph. Yesterday I finally snapped a couple red-breasted nuthatch (Sitta canadensis) pictures along the shore of Manzanita Lake (Lassen Volcanic National Park, Shasta County CA).
This small passerine (perching bird) has a long, pointed grey bill and a short tail. Nuthatches do not use their tail for support as woodpeckers do. Passerines have three toes facing forward and one facing backward, an arrangement that facilitates perching. Nuthatches have a large claw on their backward pointing toe enabling them to grip the tree surface and walk downward, head first.
A monotypic species, both male and female red-breasted nuthatches have the same markings, although the females’ (and juveniles’) coloration is duller and paler. Bluish grey on the upper side and rusty cinnamon on the underside, the colorful head pattern is what separates this nuthatch from the other nuthatch species in North America. The red-breasted nuthatch has a black cap, solid white stripe over the eye, a black stripe through the eye and a white throat.
In the summer red-breasted nuthatches eat insects and spiders, which they ferret out from the cracks, fissures and furrows in tree bark or find under flakes of bark. Red-breasted nuthatch nestlings are raised on a diet of insects. During the winter the red-breasted nuthatch’s diet is predominately conifer seeds. Often this nuthatch will cache seeds by shoving them into bark crevices and covering the seeds with lichen, small pebbles or bits of bark.
Red-breasted nuthatches breed in Alaska, Northeastern United States, the West and across Canada. They prefer coniferous forests and also breed in the deciduous woods of the Northeast. Red-breasted nuthatches are resident throughout the year over much of their range, although the northernmost breeders will move further south for the winter. Red-breasted nuthatches are an irruptive species, migrating in response to their food supply. In years of poor conifer cone production, red-breasted nuthatches will migrate in search of food. During irruptive years these nuthatches can be found as far south as the Gulf Coast and into Northern Mexico.
I was delighted to capture images of this energetic little bird at last.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Heat and light radiate from this campfire.
- The definition of radiate is something with rays that come from a shared center.
An example of radiate is the appearance of petals in a flower; radiate formation of petals.
- Radiate is defined as to give off heat or light, or extend out from a shared center.
- An example of radiate is heat and light coming from a camp fire.
- An example of radiate are petals extending from the center of a flower.
- to send out rays of heat, light, etc.; be radiant
- to come forth or spread out in rays: heat radiating from a stove
- to branch out in lines from a center: highways radiating from a city
Origin of radiate; from Classical Latin radiatus, past participle of radiare, to radiate ; from radius, ray: see radius
- to send out (heat, light, etc.) in rays
- to give forth or spread (happiness, love, etc.) as if from a center
- having rays or raylike parts; radial
- Bot. having ray flowers or florets
- Zool. having radial symmetry, as a jellyfish
verbra·di·at·ed, ra·di·at·ing, ra·di·ates
- To send out rays or waves.
- To issue or emerge in rays or waves: Heat radiated from the stove.
- To extend in straight lines from or toward a center; diverge or converge like rays: Spokes radiate from a wheel hub.
- To spread into new habitats and thereby diverge or diversify. Used of a group of organisms.
- To emit (light or energy) in rays or waves.
- To send or spread out from or as if from a center: a cactus that radiates spines.
- To irradiate or illuminate (an object).
- To manifest in a glowing manner: a leader who radiates confidence.
- Botany Having rays or raylike parts, as in the flower heads of daisies.
- Biology Characterized by radial symmetry.
- Surrounded with rays: a radiate head on a coin.
Origin of radiateLatin radiāre, radiāt-, to emit beams, from radius, ray.
(third-person singular simple present radiates, present participle radiating, simple past and past participle radiated)
- To extend, send or spread out from a center like radii.
- To emit rays or waves.
- The stove radiates heat.
- (intransitive) To come out or proceed in rays or waves.
- The heat radiates from a stove.
- To illuminate.
- To expose to ionizing radiation, such as by radiography.
- To manifest oneself in a glowing manner.
- (ecology, intransitive) to spread into new habitats, migrate.
(comparative more radiate, superlative most radiate)
- Radiating from a center; having rays or parts diverging from a center; radiated.
- a radiate crystal
- Surrounded by rays, such as the head of a saint in a religious picture.
- (botany) Having parts radiating from the center, like the petals in many flowers.
- (biology) Having radial symmetry, like a seastar.
- (zoology) Belonging to the Radiata.
- (zoology) One of the Radiata.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>
羅 湖 村 ， 連 同 附 近 的 得 月 樓 村 ， 都 是 打 鼓 嶺 鄉 的 成 員 。 羅 湖 位 於 新 界 北 部 ， 北 臨 深 圳 河 ， 東 臨 梧 桐 河 。 由 於 和 深 圳 只 有 一 河 之 隔 ， 中 英 雙 方 在 羅 湖 架 設 了 羅 湖 橋 ， 方 便 兩 地 居 民 出 入 。 戰 前 羅 湖 橋 更 沒 有 任 何 關 卡 ， 兩 地 居 民 可 以 自 由 出 入 。 羅 湖 為 九 廣 鐵 路 英 段 及 華 段 交 界 處 ， 九 廣 鐵 路 英 段 更 在 羅 湖 興 建 了 車 站 。 到 現 在 ， 羅 湖 已 成 為 港 人 北 上 消 費 必 經 之 站 之 一 。
羅 湖 其 中 一 個 地 標 為 羅 湖 橋 ， 羅 湖 橋 最 初 只 是 鐵 路 橋 ， 建 於 一 九 零 六 年 。 相 傳 這 條 橋 是 由 鐵 路 橋 樑 專 家 詹 天 佑 擔 任 顧 問 建 成 的 。 在 二 次 大 戰 時 ， 英 軍 為 防 止 日 軍 從 深 圳 入 侵 ， 因 而 炸 毀 了 鐵 橋 。 一 九 五 七 年 ， 全 新 的 鋼 鐵 橋 連 接 了 香 港 和 中 國 兩 地 ， 這 橋 亦 慢 慢 成 為 兩 地 文 化 及 經 濟 交 流 的 橋 樑 。 隨 著 羅 湖 鐵 路 橋 身 日 漸 殘 舊 以 及 深 圳 河 整 治 工 程 ， 舊 有 鐵 橋 已 於 二 零 零 三 年 拆 卸 。 新 的 羅 湖 鐵 路 橋 則 於 二 零 零 四 年 六 月 啟 用 ， 舊 有 鐵 橋 將 會 放 置 在 梧 桐 河 畔 ， 日 後 會 讓 市 民 參 觀 這 歷 史 遺 跡 。
另 外 ， 羅 湖 橋 附 近 亦 才 加 建 行 人 橋 ， 方 便 市 民 來 往 中 港 兩 地 。 現 在 的 羅 湖 行 人 橋 有 兩 層 ， 並 裝 置 了 空 氣 調 節 ， 方 便 過 境 人 士 使 用 。
車 輛 如 要 進 入 羅 湖 ， 需 要 由 文 錦 渡 路 進 入 羅 湖 路 ， 而 沙 嶺 各 個 墳 場 則 分 佈 在 沙 嶺 路 及 羅 湖 路 。 落 馬 洲 部 分 村 落 如 料 壆 、 馬 草 壟 等 亦 可 以 由 羅 湖 方 面 前 往 。<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Know your rights
Every person is born free and equal. Human rights are moral principles that apply to every human being to protect this freedom and equality. They are “rights” because they are things you are allowed to be, to do or to have. They are there for your protection against people who might want to harm or hurt you. They are also there to help us get along with each other and live in peace.
These rights were universally declared in 1948 after the atrocities committed in WWII, with the signing of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. This document reaffirms the basic rights of all humans, regardless of race, gender, language or religion.
It is important to know your rights, as it is when people do not know or understand their rights that it is when problems such as discrimination, bullying, domestic or sexual violence and illiteracy arise.
All of our human rights are equally important and should be respected by everyone.
You have the right:
- to participate and have your voice heard
- to be free from mental, emotional and physical violence
- to education
- to family planning, to choose the amount and spacing of your children
- to healthcare
- to justice
- to privacy
- to live in a safe environment, free from harm
- to life
To know your other human rights, visit un.org/en/rights/
Children have rights too!
1989, the UN Convention of the Rights of the Child set out these rights in 54 articles and in a set of Optional Protocols. These are rights to:
- Protection (e.g., from abuse, exploitation and harmful substances)
- Provision (e.g., for education, health care and an adequate standards of living)
- Participation (e.g., listening to children’s rights and respecting their evolving capacities)
- Specific protections and provisions for vulnerable populations such as children of minority populations, children with disabilities
- For further inquiries, please contact MSP’s Legal Aid Officer at [email protected]<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Please share these articles as you see fit. May God bless you and encourage you.
Anger – A Biblical Perspective
What is anger? – A strong feeling of displeasure and belligerence a deep and strong feeling aroused by injury, injustice, or wrong, (real or imagined.)
Anger is a feeling, an emotion aroused by injury, injustice, or wrong against the ‘self’.
You may think as we go through this lesson that this study is directed towards someone in particular. You are correct it is directed to both you and me. Anger always involves ‘self’. We all have to deal with anger at some point and time in our lives. It is important that we learn not how to manage our anger, but we need to learn how to master it!
When God sends a word to establish His truth he often confirms it by two or three witnesses. You see this principle in Deuteronomy 17:6, 19:15, and in again in Matthew 18:16, 18:20, 1 Corinthians 14:27-29, 2 Corinthians 13:1. Keeping with this, we will look at three examples of anger in the Bible. What picture does the Bible paint about anger and how does the Bible tell us to handle anger?
Cain and Abel Genesis 4:1 – 16
Vs. 3 – 5 – What was the source of Cain’s anger towards his brother?
God rejected Cain’s offering?
- Cain took God’s rejection of his offering as a rejection of him personally.
- Cain seems to see this rejection or slight is being against him because God somehow favors Abel over him.
- Did God favor Abel over Cain?
- Why did God reject Cain’s offering?
Vs6 – 7 – God told Cain if he did what was right he would be accepted
- God warned Cain that unless his heart and conduct changed sin was waiting like a predator for an opportunity to take him over.
- God further warned Cain that he must master sin (anger) and conquer it!
- Anger mastery not anger management!
Vs. 8 – 10 – Did Cain take to heart anything God said to him? (NO!)
What was the sad and tragic result of ignoring God’s direction and counsel? He talks to (argues?) with his brother and while they are out in the field Cain ambushes and kills Abel his brother!
The murder of Abel was the direct result of Cain’s selfishness, arrogance and disobedience. Jesus in Matthew 5:21-22 equates being angry (without cause) with being a murderer. Anger left to itself will always result in murder.
Anger is the fuel that lights the bonfire of destruction in the lives of all who indulge its murderous influence!
Vs. 10 – 16 – After killing Abel, did Cain have or show any sorrow or remorse?
- The only remorse you see from Cain for himself. He says that God’s judgment is too harsh. Notice that ‘self’ refuses to even answer to God for its wrong!
What was the end of Cain?
- Banishment from God’s presence
- A cursed ground
- A cursed life, lineage and family
One major cause of anger depicted by these verses is?
Rejection – real or imagined
Rejection by friends, or loved ones hurts
How we handle rejection is a measure of our Spiritual maturity before the Lord!
Saul and David – I Samuel 18:5- 14
Vs 5 – Saul the King gives David a commission in the Israelite army!
This act by the King elevated David’s status in the eyes of the people and in the eyes of Saul’s servants (ministers)
Vs6-7 – After a great victory over their enemy the grateful nation throws Saul and David a parade. They sang and danced in the streets giving praise to Saul and to David for the great victory they had won.
Vs8 – Upon hearing the women ascribe more of the victory to David than him, Saul became “displeased” and very angry!
Why was Saul “displeased”?
Why was Saul “wroth” (very angry)?
Saul felt slighted and humiliated in the eyes of the people!
Saul felt threatened by David’s fame and popularity with the people
Saul resented the respect and adoration that David received because he thought that it took away from him the honor and respect that was due him being the King.
Here you see another source of what causes anger.
Being slighted, humiliated, or threatened (real or imagined) can lead one into extreme anger.
What had David done at this point to deserve Saul’s feelings of slight (rejection), humiliation and fear?
Saul’s feelings towards David were rooted in his own insecurity.
Saul’s anger so consumed and infected him to such a degree that he was never able to see the truth about David (he was innocent of any offence against Saul).
To accept the truth about David would mean that Saul would have to admit the truth about himself. Pride will prevent you from seeing your faults and only focusing on the faults of others.
Vs9 – Saul’s attitude towards David changed forever from this point forward.
- His anger turned his heart against David
- His anger poisoned his mind about David
- His anger consumed him just like Cain’s anger consumed him!
Vs10 – As a result of God’s judgement, God removed His spirit from Saul. Since he was determined to ignore God’s will for His life.
An evil spirit from the Lord (I Sam16) returned to torment (chastise) Saul. This was done to try and get Saul’s attention and to turn him back from his sin!
Examples of this can be seen here:
- Ananias and Sapphire refused to turn and it cost them their lives (Acts 5:1-11
- Incest and adultery in the Church at Corinth (1 Cor 5:1-6)
- Paul
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they released another report, said Floyer.
“Manage your group so there is only one person on a slope at a time. Ensure other groups in the area don’t cut onto slopes above you.”
Floyer said that the long text report was clearly not the best way to brief riders.
“We hope our new forecasts have gone some way to improving information in the area,” he said.
On the day of the incident, there were clear skies and the temperature cooled. 250 trail passes were sold for Renshaw that day.
Floyer broke down the mechanics of the avalanche on that particular slope: what triggered it, where riders were before and after the avalanche took place. In all, 18 riders were caught in the avalanche. Five perished.
There were four groups of riders navigating through the area, either en route to or returning from a far flung riding area. The path they chose to navigate through was ‘complex’ terrain. Complex, in this case, given the conditions, meant dangerous.
Two riders from two separate groups were stuck on the slope. Other riders, above and below were nearby.
As Floyer reviewed the situation it’s easy to see why the riders on either side might have chosen to stay in those locations: to maintain visual contact with their riding buddies stuck on the slope, to provide assistance if needed or in case of an avalanche… or to patiently wait for their turn to traverse the slope in question.
When one rider near the top left of the group made a small cut in the slope above, perhaps to help one of the stranded riders, he triggered a small size 1 avalanche.
“That avalanche sympathetically triggered a large avalanche,” said Floyer.
The resulting slide was more than half a kilometer wide, 65 cm deep and 600m in length and dropped 300m in elevation.
A group waiting to cross the area at the bottom were very lucky, as a large section of the slope directly above them did not release. Floyer said this is called ‘hangfire.’
“As a result the group waiting were quite protected.”
What to do differently
There were a whole host of things that the riders from the four different groups could have done to prevent this accident from taking place, for example: choosing another available path through simple terrain, waiting for other groups to traverse the complex terrain from a safe waiting place, and treading more carefully on the slope. However, the riders seemed to be aware of the precariousness of the situation and clearly, from their preparation and equipment, were ready for and expert in finding their companions.
“The rescue story was a very bright point about this avalanche tragedy,” said Floyer. “Everyone was carrying good equipment. Some of those people had to dig themselves out before they could move upslope and help their companions.”
There was one full burial and many partial burials among the survivors, and the 13 riders who lived through the experience were able to locate all the victims and extricate all but one before search and rescue arrived.
Floyer said while smaller groups of 5 or 6 sledders have considered how they move through the mountains together, what needs to be considered is what happens when multiple groups are in the same location.
“The slope doesn’t know that people are from different groups,” he said. “When there are other riders in the area, you have to consider your group size has increased. You may want to take actions to reduce your exposure.”
Floyer said the January 29 avalanche was a precursor to a really big natural avalanche cycle.
“Subsequent warming and wind events made the snowpack ripe for human triggering,” he said.
One of the disturbing, and perhaps enlightening reflections on this tragedy was that airbags didn’t keep several of the riders safe.
“This incident is not a great advertisement for airbags,” said Floyer. “It keeps you afloat in the turbulence of the avalanche, [but when you come to a stop] snow still piles up on top. And it doesn’t take into account being carried into a deep gully, tree or off a cliff.”
In spite of that, Floyer said Avalanche Canada believes that if every backcountry enthusiast wore one, it would reduce avalanche fatalities by 10%.
When Floyer concluded his presentation he thanked those involved in the incident for their help.
“We hope that this story is in the end a positive story that helps promote avalanche safety,” he said.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>کابل برق که به عنوان کابل برق نیز شناخته می شود، یک سیم عایق انعطاف پذیر یا صلب است که برای انتقال برق از یک نقطه به نقطه دیگر استفاده می شود. کابل های برق اجزای ضروری سیستم های الکتریکی هستند و برای حمل و توزیع انرژی الکتریکی کارآمد و ایمن طراحی شده اند.
انواع کابل برق
انواع مختلفی از کابل های برق موجود است و انتخاب آنها به عواملی مانند درجه ولتاژ، ظرفیت حمل جریان، شرایط محیطی و کاربرد خاص بستگی دارد. در اینجا چند نوع کابل برق رایج مورد استفاده قرار می گیرد:
1. کابل غلاف غیر فلزی (NM):
کابل NM که به نام کابل رومکس نیز شناخته می شود، از دو یا چند هادی عایق بندی شده در یک غلاف غیر فلزی تشکیل شده است. معمولاً در ساختمان های مسکونی و تجاری برای مدارهای برق و روشنایی عمومی استفاده می شود.
2. کابل زرهی (AC):
کابل زره دار که کابل BX نیز نامیده می شود، دارای یک غلاف فلزی انعطاف پذیر است که حفاظت مکانیکی را فراهم می کند. معمولاً در مکان های خشک که در آن محافظت اضافی در برابر آسیب لازم است استفاده می شود.
3. کابل تغذیه کننده زیرزمینی (UF):
کابل UF برای نصب زیرزمینی طراحی شده است که معمولاً برای روشنایی در فضای باز، نورپردازی منظره و کاربردهای دفن مستقیم استفاده می شود. در برابر رطوبت مقاوم است و می توان آن را مستقیماً در زمین بدون نیاز به مجرا دفن کرد.
4. کابل روکش مسی عایق شده با مواد معدنی (MICC):
کابل MICC از هادی های مسی عایق شده با پودر اکسید منیزیم (MgO) بسیار فشرده و محصور در یک غلاف مسی تشکیل شده است. مقاومت عالی در برابر آتش نشان می دهد و معمولاً در کاربردهای حیاتی مانند ساختمان های بلند، تونل ها و کارخانه های صنعتی استفاده می شود.
5. کابل برق ولتاژ متوسط (MV):
کابل های برق MV برای ولتاژهایی طراحی شده اند که معمولاً از 1 کیلو ولت تا 69 کیلو ولت متغیر است. آنها برای انتقال توان الکتریکی در کاربردهای ولتاژ متوسط مانند شبکه های توزیع، کابل های زیرزمینی و سیستم های صنعتی استفاده می شوند.
6. کابل برق ولتاژ بالا (HV):
کابل های برق HV برای انتقال برق در سطوح ولتاژ بالا، معمولاً بالای 69 کیلو ولت استفاده می شود. این کابل ها معمولاً در شبکه های انتقال و توزیع برق، کابل های زیرزمینی و زیردریایی و شبکه های برق متصل به یکدیگر استفاده می شوند.
7. کابل های انعطاف پذیر:
کابل های برق انعطاف پذیر با چندین رشته مسی نازک برای افزایش انعطاف پذیری طراحی شده اند. آنها در کاربردهایی استفاده می شوند که در آن خم شدن یا حرکت مکرر مورد انتظار است، مانند ابزارهای قابل حمل، لوازم خانگی و ماشین آلات.
توجه به این نکته مهم است که قوانین و مقررات برق محلی ممکن است بر انتخاب و نصب کابل های برق تأثیر بگذارد. هنگام انتخاب کابل برق مناسب برای یک کاربرد خاص، توصیه می شود با یک برقکار مجرب مشورت کنید یا به استانداردهای محلی مراجعه کنید.
چرا در تولید سیم و کابل برق از مس استفاده می کنند؟
مس به طور گسترده در تولید کابل به دلایل مختلف استفاده می شود:
1. هدایت الکتریکی عالی:
مس رسانای عالی الکتریسیته است. رسانایی بالایی دارد، به این معنی که اجازه می دهد جریان الکتریکی با حداقل مقاومت از آن عبور کند. این ویژگی مس را برای کابل های برق ایده آل می کند، زیرا تلفات برق را به حداقل می رساند و انتقال کارآمد انرژی الکتریکی را تضمین می کند.
2. رسانایی حرارتی بالا:
مس همچنین دارای رسانایی حرارتی بالایی است، به این معنی که می تواند گرما را به طور موثر دفع کند. این در کابل های برق مهم است، زیرا جریان الکتریکی که از کابل عبور می کند گرما ایجاد می کند. رسانایی حرارتی بالای مس به دفع این گرما، جلوگیری از افزایش بیش از حد دما و اطمینان از عملکرد ایمن کابل کمک می کند.
3. شکل پذیری و انعطاف پذیری:
مس یک فلز بسیار انعطاف پذیر است، به این معنی که می توان آن را به راحتی به سیم های نازک و بدون شکستگی کشید. این ویژگی اجازه می دهد تا از مس در تولید کابل های انعطاف پذیر استفاده شود، جایی که کابل ها نیاز به خم شدن و حرکت بدون به خطر انداختن رسانایی الکتریکی خود دارند.
4. مقاومت در برابر خوردگی:
مس مقاومت بسیار خوبی در برابر خوردگی نشان می دهد، به ویژه در مقایسه با فلزات دیگر. این ویژگی مس را برای محیط های مختلف از جمله تاسیسات بیرونی و زیرزمینی که کابل ها ممکن است در معرض رطوبت و سایر عناصر خورنده قرار گیرند، مناسب می کند.
5. طول عمر و قابلیت اطمینان:
مس طول عمر بالایی دارد و دوام عالی را ارائه می دهد. این می تواند تنش های مکانیکی، تغییرات دما و سایر عوامل محیطی را بدون کاهش قابل توجه عملکرد مقاومت کند. کابلهای مسی به دلیل قابلیت اطمینان و پایداری طولانیمدت خود شناخته میشوند، که آنها را به انتخابی ارجح در تاسیسات الکتریکی تبدیل میکند.
6. مقرون به صرفه بودن:
اگرچه مس گرانتر از برخی مواد جایگزین است، اما سطح بالایی از عملکرد و قابلیت اطمینان را ارائه می دهد و در دراز مدت آن را مقرون به صرفه می کند. راندمان انرژی و دوام کابلهای مسی میتواند از تفاوت هزینه اولیه بیشتر باشد و در نتیجه در طول عمر کابل صرفهجویی شود.
با توجه به این ویژگیهای سودمند، مس به انتخاب استاندارد برای هدایت الکتریسیته در کاربردهای مختلف از جمله کابلهای برق، سیمکشی الکتریکی و قطعات الکترونیکی تبدیل شده است.
آزادی نوآوری با راهکارهای پیشرفته سیم و کابل برق ما
در دنیای فناوری و ارتباطات پرسرعت، انتخاب شما از سیم و کابل برق میتواند تمام تفاوت را ایجاد کند. معرفی سیم و کابل برق نوآورانه و متفاوت ما – یک بازیگر در صنعت که فراتر از معمول میرود تا تجربههای برقی شما را بازتعریف کند.
چرا انتخاب کابل برق امواج رسان
دوام بینظیر
به خداحافظی با تعویضات مکرر و اختلالات بگویید. سیم و کابل برق ما برای دوام بیپایان طراحی شدهاند تا اتصال برقی قابل اعتماد و پایداری در هر کاربرد فراهم کنند.
ویژگیهای ایمنی پیشرفته
ایمنی شما اولویت ماست. کابلهای ما با ویژگیهای ایمنی پیشرفته ارائه شدهاند تا آرامش خاطر در محیطهای مسکونی، تجاری و صنعتی فراهم کنند. ما درک میکنیم که ایمنی غیرقابل مذاکره است و کابل برق ما این تعهد را نشان میدهد.
رسانایی بهینه
تجربه جریان برق بدون وقفه را با کابلهای ما تجربه کنید. آیا خانهتان را تأمین میکنید یا ماشینآلات صنعتی پیچیده را اداره میکنید؟ کابلهای ما به شما کارایی گارانتی میکنند و اتلاف انرژی را کاهش داده و عملکرد کلی را بهبود میبخشند.
چندوجهی بینظیر
کابلهای امواج رسان و رسانا به گونهای طراحی شدهاند که به آسانی به محیطها و کاربردهای مختلف سازگار باشند. از تأمین انرژی خانه هوشمند شما تا پشتیبانی از فرآیندهای صنعتی پیچیده، کابلهای ما چندوجهی هستند تا نیازهای گوناگون مشتریان پویا را برآورده سازند.
فناوری آیندهپذیر
با کابلهای امواج رسان و افشار نژاد، به روز باشید. ما درک میکنیم که فناوری در دنیای امروز و فردای ما تغییر میکند و کابلهای ما برای پشتیبانی از تکنولوژی امروز و فردای شما طراحی شدهاند.
حل مشکل
آیا از مشکلات اتصالات ناپایدار، نگرانیهای ایمنی و کابلهای قدیمی که با نیازهای شما همخوانی ندارند خسته شدهاید؟ کابل برق امواج رسان راه حل مشکل شماست. دیگر همواره با مسائلی همچون نوسانات ناگهانی و قطعات غیرمنتظره سر و کار نخواهید داشت. کابلهای ما به طور مستقیم به این چالشها پاسخ میدهند و تجربه برقی خود را بینظیر کنید.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Two millions of people live with end stage of renal diseases hemodialysis is done for the survival of these patients, Even though it cannot filter all the molecules from the blood of kidney. So that patient has to undergo hemodialysis many times and become weak.
This problem can be solved through bio-dialysis and we can increase the life span of patient without any transplantation Bio-dialysis is done through bio-artificial kidney.
A bio-artificial kidney consisting of a conventional hemofilter followed in series with Renal tubule Assist Device (RAD). The RAD is a hemofiltration cartridge containing 109 human renal tubule cells grown as mono layers along the inner surface of the hollow fibers.
The RAD has been shown to possess multiple differentiated transport, metabolic, and endocrinologic activities of renal epithelium. This approach may improve the current therapies used to treat patients with ARF because of the RAD’s ability to restore lost metabolic renal function and cytokine balance in these desperately ill patients. In this regard, the RAD was able to ameliorate endotoxin and bacteremic shock in uremic animals by altering cytokine levels, improve mean arterial blood pressure and maintain better cardiac output.
Name Of The Awardee : Eluri Maanas
Parent’s Name : Eluri Raghuram
Class : X
School Name & Address : Nallam Residential Concept High School, Yerra Gardens, Yanam – 533464
Name Of The Teacher : Jessiny Mathew)
District & State : Yanam District, Puducherry State<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Distribution - Albacore, also called albacore tuna or longfin tuna, are pelagic fish that are present in east and south Australian waters and from east of Torres Strait to the north west shelf. The distribution of albacore is related to oxygen concentration and water temperature. Whilst albacore feed at the surface, they primarily live at the thermocline, which is the boundary separating warmer surface waters and deeper, cooler waters. Mature albacore travel from temperate waters to the tropics but return to temperate waters after spawning.
Size - Albacore can reach a maximum length of 1.5 metres and can weigh more than 40kg. Anglers commonly catch fish between 50 and 90 cm and a weight of 3 - 22kg.
Characteristics - Albacore are a member of the family Scombridae and are recognised by their very long pectoral fins, which are the longest of all tunas. Albacore are also characterised by a dark yellow first dorsal fin and pale yellow second dorsal fin. Albacore are opportunistic carnivores that feed on planktonic crustaceans, squid and small fish.
Confusing species - Similar to yellowfin tuna, however, albacore possess an elongated pectoral fin and a distinctive white rear border on the caudal fin, which is unique to this species.
Fishing tips - Albacore are generally caught in waters off New South Wales from September to December and in April and May. Anglers often use trolling methods with artificial lures and live or dead baits to catch albacore.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Vocabulary Practice Cards, Grade 4
- Item #: EP3373
- Condition: New
Brain Blasters Vocabulary Practice Cards
Ages 9 +
Set of 40 Cards 4-3/4 x 7" cards
Address Title I requirements by promoting parent involvement
Self-checking, double-sided cards provide students with practice for over 400 Fourth Grade vocabulary words!
- Real-life questions promote research-based practice
- Questions include definitions, context clues, meaning in a sentence, multiple-meaning words, prefixes, suffixes, homophones, antonyms, synonyms, idioms, analogies and compound words
- Each set highlights over 400 vocabulary words
- Fun format engages learners
- Perfect for test-prep, take-home and learning centers
- Teacher guide
40 two-sided cards provide practice for:
definitions, context clues, meaning in a sentence, multiple mearnings, prefixes, suffixes, homophones, antonyms, synonyms, idioms, analogies, and compound words.
Build vocabulary and increase reading comprehension. Perfect for test prep, take-home, and leraning centers!<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>It’s The Little Mermaid meets Frozen!
This is Sandra Tsing Loh with The Loh Down on Science—singing "Under the Ice…"
Because a team of UK geologists have discovered “a whole new world” underneath a mile of Antarctic ice. And it’s a doozy! A subglacial valley twice as deep as the Grand Canyon!
How did they find this geological marvel? The team was using ice-penetrating radar to chart the Ellsworth Subglacial Highlands. That's a mountain range underneath a glacier in West Antarctica. With radar mounted on snowmobiles and small aircraft, there was still a vast area they couldn’t survey.
But with the help of NASA satellites, they got the whole picture. And there it was, right under their frozen red noses! The Ellsworth Trough—nearly 200 miles long, 15 miles wide, and 2 miles deep. Big enough to be seen from space!
The researchers say that a small icefield carved out the Ellsworth Trough tens of millions of years ago. Over time, the landscape was buried beneath more layers of ice and snow.
As to the fancy new ice hotel that’s down there? “Be our guest!” Sorry. Those Disney tunes are catchy.
***** For more 90-SECOND SCIENCE FACTS, click here.*****
The Loh Down on Science is produced by LDOS Media Lab, in partnership with the University of California, Irvine, and 89.3 KPCC. And made possible by the generous support of the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>本作是作者的侦探小说《侠盗鲁平》
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been found in other children’s products, such as makeup.
Lead in recently-recalled children’s water bottles (Base Brands children’s Reduce Hydro Pro Furry Friends water bottle, once sold by Costco, and GSI Outdoors children’s water bottle, once sold by L.L. Bean). The Consumer Product Safety Commission recalled both items because they contained high levels of lead. Lead can cause severe developmental and behavioral problems.
Phthalates in Jot brand blue 3-ring binder. The levels of phthalates in the binder is considered unsafe for children by the Consumer Product Safety Commission. High levels of phthalates can lead to birth defects, hyperactivity, and reproductive problems.
Benzene in Board Dudes brand markers. Benzene is a known carcinogen linked to leukemia, and disruptions in sexual reproduction and liver, kidney and immune system function.
“Based on our testing, we know that most manufacturers make safe school supplies. We’re calling on the makers of unsafe products to get rid of toxic chemicals and protect American schoolchildren,” said Kara Cook-Schultz, U.S. PIRG Education Fund Toxics director.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>معاون پارلمانی وزارت ارتباطات گفت: به دنبال توانمندسازی کسب و کارهای استان کردستان هستیم و برای افزایش زیرساخت استان و مسیر پروتکشن استان به فیبرنوری استان ۶۶۵ کیلومتر افزوده خواهد شد.
معاون پارلمانی وزارت ارتباطات در برنامه توسعه کسب و کار اشتغال پایدار در استان کردستان که با حضور وزرای ارتباطات و فناوری اطلاعات و کار، تعاون و رفاه اجتماعی و فیروزآبادی رئیس مرکز فضای مجازی برگزار شد، گفت: هدف ما از این برنامه توانمندسازی استان کردستان و ایجاد زمینه تولید خدمات و سرویس و اپلیکیشن در این استان است.
وی با اشاره به حضور نیروی انسانی توانمد در این استان اظهار داشت: در دولت یازدهم جهت توسعه زیرساخت ها در استان کردستان توسط وزارت ارتباطات و بخش خصوصی سرمایه گذاری شد.
براری با بیان این که ظرفیت اینترنت استان نیز از ۵ گیگابایت در ابتدای دولت به ۵۰ گیگ در حال حاضر رسیده است.
وی خاطر نشان کرد: خوشبختانه با زیرساختهای ایجاد شده، استفاده از محتوای داخلی در استان ۴ برابر شده است.
براری ادامه داد: تاکنون ۳ مسیر پروتکشن زیرساخت در استان ایجاد می شود در حالی که در ابتدای دولت، هیچ مسیر پروتکشنی در استان وجود نداشت.
معاون وزیر ارتباطات همچنین در زمینه فیبرنوری از افزایش ۶۶۵ کیلومتری فیبر در استان تا سال آینده خبر داد و افزود: برای افزایش زیرساخت استان و مسیر پروتکشن استان به فیبرنوری استان ۶۶۵ کیلومتر افزوده خواهد شد.
وی با اشاره به همکاری وزارت ارتباطات در اعطای مجوز به مراکز توانمندساز و تولید اپلیکیشن موبایل، اظهار داشت: با کمک استاندار کردستان و بخش خصوصی شبکه دسترسی در حوزه زیرساخت صورت گرفته و ایجاد مرکز داده، کال سنتر به زبان کردی و شبکه پهن باند شهری نیز توسعه می یابد.
براری ابراز امیدواری کرد با اقدامات صورت گرفته، کسب و کار پایدار در استان شکل گرفته و منجر به خلق ثروت در بخش شود.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>طبق قانون مالیات های مستقیم ، دفاتر قانونی از نظر مالیاتی عبارت اند از دفتر روزنامه ( اعم از نقدی و غیرنقدی) و دفتر کل موضوع قانون تجارت و یا دفاتر مخصوصی که وزارت امور اقتصادی و دارایی به عنوان دفتر مشاغل ( دفتر درآمد و هزینه ) تهیه می کند و در دسترس مودیان قرار می دهد. نحوه تنظیم و نگاهداری دفاتر، حساب و اسناد و مدارک، باید مطابق آیین نامه ای باشد که وزارت مذکور تهیه می کند. رعایت نکردن این مقررات، حسب مورد موجب پرداخت جریمه تا حداکثر معادل ده درصد مالیات متعلق و در صورت عدم شمول مالیات یا در صورتی که ده درصد مالیات متعلق بیش از یکصد هزار ریال نباشد، حداکثر یک صد هزار ریال یا عدم قبول دفاتر به عنوان دفاتر قانونی طبق آیین نامه مذکور خواهد شد.
به موجب قانون تجارت، دفتر روزنامه دفتری است که تاجر باید همه روزه مطالبات، دیون ، داد و ستد تجاری، معاملات راجع به اوراق تجاری و به طور کلی جمیع واردات و صادرات تجاری خود و وجوهی را که بابت مخارج شخصی خود برداشت می کند، در آن ثبت نماید . دفتر کل دفتری است که تاجر باید کلیه معاملات را لااقل هفته ای یک مرتبه از دفتر روزنامه استخراج و انواع مختلفه آن را تشخیص و جدا کند و هر نوعی را در صفحه مخصوص در آن دفتر به طور خلاصه ثبت نماید.
قانون تجارت علاوه بر دفتر روزنامه و دفتر کل دو نوع دفتر دیگر به نام های دفتر دارایی و دفتر کپیه را نیز به عنوان دفاتر تجاری تعیین کرده است. دفتر دارایی دفتری است که تاجر باید هر سال صورت جامعی از کلیه دارایی های منقول و غیرمنقول و دیون و مطالبات سال گذشته خود را به ریز، ترتیب داده و در آن دفتر ثبت و امضا نماید و این کار باید تا پانزدهم فروردین ماه سال بعد انجام پذیرد. دفتر کپیه دفتری است که تاجر باید کلیه مراسلات و مخابرات و صورت حساب های صادره خود را در آن به ترتیب تاریخ ثبت نماید. ( دفتر کپیه در حال حاضر با وجود بایگانی با سیستم های جدید، اهمیت سابق خود را از دست داده است ).
به موجب قانون تجارت، نماینده اداره ثبت دفتر روزنامه، دفتر کل و دفتر دارایی را قبل از آنکه در آن ها چیزی نوشته شود، امضا می کند. برای دفتر کپیه امضای نماینده ثبت لازم نیست. دفتری که برای امضا به متصدی امضا سپرده می شود، صفحات آن باید دارای شماره و خود آن باید قیطان کشیده باشد و متصدی امضا مکلف است صفحات دفتر را بشمارد و در صفحه اول و آخر آن، مجموع عدد صفحات را با تصریح به اسم و رسم صاحب دفتر بنویسد و با قید تاریخ امضا کند و دو طرف قیطان را با مهر سربی مخصوص منگنه کند. لازم است کلیه اعداد حتی تاریخ، با تمام حروف نوشته شود. کلیه معاملات و صادرات و واردات باید به ترتیب تاریخ در صفحات مخصوص دفاتر مذکور نوشته شود. تراشیدن ، حک کردن و همچنین جای سفید گذاشتن بیش از آنچه که در دفترنویسی معمول است و نوشتن در حاشیه و یا بین سطور ممنوع است. نکته ای که باید به آن توجه کرد این است که کلیه دفاتر تجاری، از پایان هر سال باید لااقل تا ده سال نگهداری شود. دفاتر مذکور و سایر دفاتری که تجار برای امور تجاری خود به کار می برند ، در صورتی که مطابق مقررات قانون تجارت مرتب شده باشد، بین تجار در امور تجارتی سندیت دارد؛ در غیر این صورت فقط علیه صاحب آن معتبر است.
1-کپی شناسنامه و کارت ملی مدیر عامل و مهر شرکت
2-تکمیل فرم اظهارنامه دریافتی از اینترنت
3-کپی روزنامه تاسیس شرکت
4-کپی آخرین تغییرات ثبتی شرکت در روزنامه رسمی ( در صورت وجود تغییرات)
1-تکمیل فرم اظهارنامه پلمپ دفاتر مهر و امضاء شده دریافتی از اینترنت
2-کپی کارت ملی متقاضی
3-کپی پروانه کسب و یا مجوز فعالیت کسبی
4.وکالتنامه یا معرفی نامه برای نماینده در صورتی که وکیل یا نماینده برای پلمپ دفاتر معرفی شده باشند.
موسسه حقوقی ثبت ایده ، افتخار دارد در زمینه ی پلمپ دفاتر تجاری بهینه ترین خدمات را به متقاضیان محترم ارائه دهد.
جهت کسب اطلاعات بیشتر با ما تماس حاصل فرمایید.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>ترامپ به تیلرسون حمله کرد؛ 'مثل یک تکه سنگ کودن بود'
دونالد ترامپ، رئیس جمهور آمریکا، به وزیر خارجه سابق آمریکا، رکس تیلرسون، حمله کرده و او را "کودن و تنبل" خوانده است.
آقای ترامپ در توییتر نوشته: "رکس تیلرسون توانایی ذهنی لازم را نداشت. مثل یک تکه سنگ کودن بود و نتوانستم به موقع از شرش خلاص شوم. مثل چی تنبل بود."
کمی پیش از آن آقای تیلرسون نزدیک به یک سال پس از برکناری، برای اولین بار در مصاحبهای انتقادهایی را درباره دونالد ترامپ مطرح کرد.
او به سیبیاس گفت آقای ترامپ "بی انضباط" است و گزارشهای تهیهشده برای رئیس جمهور را نمیخواند و باید مدام به او یادآوری کرد که کارهای خلاف قانون انجام ندهد.
از چند ماه پیش از برکناری رکس تیلرسون، گزارشهای متعددی درباره اختلاف نظر او و دونالد ترامپ، از جمله بر سر ایران، منتشر شده بود. رسانههای آمریکایی گزارش کرده بودند که آقای تیلرسون در جلسهای در وزارت دفاع آقای ترامپ را "ابله" خوانده بود.
- تیلرسون بدون نام بردن از ترامپ خداحافظی کرد
- 'امارات برای برکناری رکس تیلرسون لابی کرده بود'
- تیلرسون: در مورد برجام با رئیس جمهور اختلاف نظرهایی دارم
دونالد ترامپ ضمن حمله به وزیر خارجه سابق، از مایک پومپئو، وزیر خارجه کنونی ستایش کرده و نوشته است او "فوقالعاده کار میکند و به او افتخار میکنم."
آقای تیلرسون در مصاحبهاش درباره آقای ترامپ گفت که او به احساسات خودش بیش از واقعیتهای بیرونی اهمیت میدهد و گاه "به طور غریزی" رفتار میکند.
او همچنین گفت: "خیلی اوقات رئیس جمهور میآمد و میگفت میخواهم این کار را بکنم و میخواهم آن را این طور انجام دهم. و من باید به او میگفتم آقای رئیس جمهور، متوجه کار مورد نظر شما هستم، اما نمیشود آن را این طور انجام داد. چون نقض قانون است."<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Filetto di salmone con verdurine fresche
Ingredienti (per 2 persone):
2 filetti di salmone, olio EVO, limone, una manciata di lattughino, 8 pomodorini, vino bianco.
Preparazione:
Prendi una padella e metti pochissimo olio (il salmone durante la cottura sprigiona il grasso necessario ad essa) e scaldala un minuto a fuoco medio. Metti il salmone nella padella e fai cuocere da entrambi i lati, poco prima di ultimare la cottura spruzza un po’ di vino bianco.
Nel frattempo lava i pomodorini e l’insalata, taglia i pomodorini a metà o in quattro, a seconda della grandezza, condite con un pizzico di sale e olio, e disponi il tutto su una metà di ogni piatto. Quando il salmone è cotto, adagialo sul piatto accanto alla verdura e spruzzalo con un po’ di limone.
A piacere puoi aggiungere del pepe rosa in grani.
Credit foto: cattalin (Pixabay)
© Riproduzione riservata.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>南浔吊车出租：关于吊车的稳定性，你了解多少？
南浔吊车出租：稳定性对于吊车来说至关重要，它间接的决定了起重过程中的安全操作
那么什么是吊车稳定性呢？
稳定性是指一台吊车在某种状态下保持平衡的能力。汽车吊车兼有汽车行驶和起重两种功能，因此，存在行驶和起重两种状态的稳定性问题。 1.行驶稳定性
行驶稳定性是指吊车在行驶状态下，抗倾翻和滑移的能力。失稳可能发生在两个方面上，或与行驶轨迹平行，或与行驶轨迹垂直。这两种状态下的稳定性，我们分别称之为纵向行驶稳定性和横向行驶稳定性。
（1）纵向行驶稳定性
当汽车吊车在坡路上行驶时，一旦失稳可能出现有两种情况，一是当其前轮（转向轮）的轮压为零时，当轮几乎悬空，无法控制行进方向，丧失操纵性；二是当驱动轮的轮压太小或附着力不够，车轮打滑甚至车体沿坡下滑。纵向行驶失稳的主要原因是行驶道路坡度超过吊车的设计爬坡角度，或路况太滑。
（2）横向行驶稳定性
主要表现是行驶中发生侧翻或侧向滑移。主要原因是转弯速度大、半径小，产生较大离心力，或在横坡或路面倾斜的道路上行驶时，速度过快所致。
防止汽车吊车在行驶状态下失稳的主要技术措施是，控制行车不超速、控制爬坡角度和合理的转弯半径。
因此，无论是在购买吊车还是租赁吊车，我们都不能忽视吊车稳定性这一问题。
了解更多信息 点击南浔吊车出租<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>暂时还没有游戏记录，试试下面的游戏吧
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鼠标点击拖动篮球控制投篮的角度和力度，释放鼠标即可投篮。投出篮球后点击篮球即可捡回篮球。按键盘←→键控制长颈鹿移动。<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>مهمانان جدید به بازار میآیند
برهمین اساس ۱۵ درصد از سهام پتروشیمی ارومیه بهعنوان نخستین تولیدکننده کریستال ملامین در ایران و دومین تولیدکننده بزرگ این محصول در کشور روز گذشته برای اولین بار در نماد «شاروم» در بازار دوم فرابورس عرضه شد.
مدیرعامل ارومیه با اشاره به عرضه اولیه این شرکت در برنامه یک دیدار یک عرضه فرابورس گفت: این شرکت که پترول سهامدار عمده آن است، تولیدکننده کریستال ملامین با ظرفیت ۴ هزار تن در سال، سولفات آمونیوم با ظرفیت ۴۶ هزار تن در سال و اسید سولفوریک با ظرفیت ۵۰ هزار تن در سال است. دلجوان افزود: «شاروم» تولید بیش از ۳۰ درصد بازار ملامین داخل کشور را در اختیار دارد؛ اوره، آمونیاک و گوگرد سه ماده اصلی مصرفی این شرکت هستند. این شرکت مواد اولیه خود را با ۱۷ درصد تخفیف از پتروشیمی خراسان خریداری
میکند. به گفته وی سولفات پتاسیم با ظرفیت ۴۰ هزار تن در سال و محصول فرعی اسید کلریدریک با ظرفیت ۵۰ هزار تن در سال از طرحهای توسعهای پتروشیمی ارومیه هستند.
پتروشیمی ارومیه که در سال ۱۳۹۸ سود ۲۵۵ میلیارد ریالی معادل ۳۶۴ ریال به ازای هر سهم داشته سود سال ۱۳۹۹ و ۱۴۰۰را به ترتیب ۳۷۵ ریال و یک هزار و ۸۰ ریال پیشبینی کرده است. در همین حال «شاروم» در سه ماه اول امسال ۶۴میلیارد و ۴۴۹ میلیون ریال سودخالص محقق کرده که با رشد ۲۱ درصدی نسبت به دوره مشابه سال قبل همراه است. همچنین درآمدهای عملیاتی شرکت در تیرماه امسال بالغ بر ۱۴۴ میلیارد ریال بوده است. از سوی دیگر سهام تامین سرمایه امین هم که از ششم اردیبهشتماه با نماد «امین» در بورس پذیرش شده و قرار بود خردادماه عرضه شود بالاخره امروز در بازار دوم بورس عرضه خواهد شد. مدیرعامل تامین سرمایه امین در رابطه با عرضه این شرکت با اشاره به اینکه ۱۵ درصد از سهام تامین سرمایه امین با نماد امین عرضه میشود، تاکید کرد: امین بهعنوان نخستین شرکت تامین سرمایه کشور با عرضه شستا و انتشار اوراق فولاد مبارکه بزرگترین عرضهها را داشته است. خادمالمله با اشاره به اینکه ۴۰۰میلیارد تومان سود خالص برای سال ۹۹پیشبینی شده است، تاکید کرد: امین در طول ۱۲سال بیش از ۱۴هزار و ۷۰۰میلیارد ریال اوراق را بازارگردانی کرده است. بیشترین حجم اوراق منتشره از سوی امین در سال۹۶ با حجم ۲هزار و ۲۰۰میلیارد ریال انجام شده که امسال با انتشار ۲هزار و ۱۷۰میلیارد تومان اوراق رکورد سال ۹۶شکسته شد. وی ادامه داد: از این میزان انتشار ۸هزار میلیارد تومان متعلق به اوراق شرکتی و ۵هزار میلیارد تومان اوراق شهرداری بوده است. سهم امین در بین شرکتهای تامین سرمایه ۲۵درصد است که بیشترین سهم بازار است. این شرکت همچنین ۱۵ هزار میلیارد تومان اوراق برای شهرداریها، شرکتهای سرمایهگذاری و شرکتهای پتروشیمی در دست دارد. خادم المله از عرضه پتروشیمی بندر امام توسط امین در اواخر تابستان خبر داد. عرضه امین در کف قیمت ۹۸۰و سقف قیمت یک هزار و ۴۰تومان است و ارزش بازار این شرکت حدود ۷هزار و ۳۰۰میلیارد تومان است. این شرکت، سال گذشته عملکردی همراه با رشد را تجربه کرده است. بر همین اساس سود عملکرد سال مالی منتهی به ۳۱شهریور ماه ۹۸ تامین سرمایه امین بالغ بر ۲ هزار و ۵۳۷ میلیارد ریال بود که
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the home environment?
The most important areas to cover are:
- Where ingredients come from?
- The link between food consumption and the risk for disease
- Nutrition information and how to label read?
- Understanding food marketing and advertising i.e. don’t believe everything you read on the packaging or see on the advert
- Cooking techniques
These subjects will be covered as part of this ‘teaching children nutrition’ course.
You will also find out some really practical advice on:
- How to reduce the amount of junk food and increase the amount of real food in your diet as a family? Let’s call this a ‘gentle family detox’.
- The importance of vegetables and fruit.
- What’s the best way to enjoy breakfast?
- What to provide in nutritionally balanced lunchboxes?
- A new, healthier way to have your cake and eat it.
The course will be available immediately for you to access and you will have the opportunity to carry out various related actions as you go through the course. There will also be online support by the tutor and via social media for all those who become members of this course.
What should the future look like? We should be working towards a more informed generation where food choices are concerned.
The best way to empower children to make those choices for themselves now but also for THEIR children in the future is to teach them the real facts.
We have to detach marketing messaging and the vested financial interest of food brands such as the sponsorship of fitness programmes and events by fast food brands, and focus on the real facts.
What we teach our children has to reflect the best of our knowledge from the latest research. A tall ask perhaps? With the right information this is achievable and I want to provide you with the right information. That is the objective of this course.
No Reviews found for this course.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>SetVar - method of object PmExpr
Adds one variable into the object.
SetVar(Name As Variant, Value As Variant)
|Name||(Variant) Name of added variable (case sensitive text)|
|Value||(Variant) Value of added variable|
The method can also be called in the graphic item events for Web panels
This method adds one variable in the form of "name and value" into the PmExpr
object. The method can be called multiple times over the same object - thus adding multiple variables into this object.
The names of added variables can then be used in the expression that is inserted into this object by the SetExpr method. The Eval method then evaluates the expression by filling in the value of the variable in the place of the variable name.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>三井花园饭店 京都新町别邸
传统的三井花园饭店 京都新町别邸坐落在京都的中央区。
该酒店位于离高台寺，灵山观音及京都御所2.0公里之远的位置。 步行至京都市中心需20分钟。
酒店就在博物馆，宫殿和城堡等主要城市景点附近。
该酒店有129间舒适的客房，包括精心配备独立温控，卫星频道电视，梳妆区，冰箱和休息区的中等双床间，行政双床间和豪华双床间等客房。 在全部客房内，客人们可使用带有浴缸，淋浴和吹风机私人浴室。
每天早上可以在饭店享用早餐。 传统饭馆提供日本佳肴。 酒店距离Cafe & Bar Library及Gasuparuzanzan仅150米。
距离乌丸御池站地铁站步行用时5分钟。 从酒店到大阪國際機場机场只需40分钟的车程。
三井花园饭店 京都新町别邸提供行李寄存，指定的吸烟区和自动售货机，也提供24小时服务台服务，洗衣房服务和熨烫服务。<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Technology Development for a Stirling Radioisotope Power System for Deep Space Missions 1999-01-2454
NASA Glenn Research Center and the Department of Energy (DOE) are developing a Stirling converter for an advanced radioisotope power system to provide spacecraft on-board electric power for NASA deep space missions. NASA Glenn is addressing key technology issues through the use of two NASA Phase II SBIRs with Stirling Technology Company (STC) of Kennewick, WA. Under the first SBIR, STC demonstrated a parallel connection of two thermodynamically independent free-piston Stirling converters and a 40 to 50 fold reduction in vibrations compared to an unbalanced converter. The second SBIR is for the development of an Adaptive Vibration Reduction System (AVRS) that will practically eliminate vibrations over an entire mission lifetime, even with one failed converter. This paper discusses the status and results for these two SBIR projects and also presents results for characterizing the friction factor of high-porosity random fiber regenerators that were evaluated for this application.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>In most people with Alzheimer’s, symptoms first appear after age 60, according to the National Institute of Aging. Now researchers say they have detected Alzheimer's among a group with genetic markers as early as 18 years of age.
A recent study, published in the Lancet Neurology, found brain abnormalities in young adults of a Colombian family at genetic risk to develop an early form of Alzheimer’s.
Previous studies showed effects on the brain 10-15 years before Alzheimer’s symptoms arose, BBC reported.
The group of researchers at the Banner Alzheimer's Institute in Arizona looked at brain scans of 20 people between the ages of 18 and 26 with the mutation.
Their brain scans showed differences compared with the brain scans of 24 people not predisposed for the early-onset of Alzheimer’s. The fluid of the family of destined Alzheimer’s patients had higher levels of beta-amyloid as well. Beta-amyloid is the fluid that coats the brain and spinal cord.
BBC reported that Alzheimer's normally becomes apparent after the age of 75, however, a genetic mutation means disease may hit patients in their 40s. Treating the disease early is vital to prevent damage to memory and cognitive abilities.
There are no symptoms during the preclinical stage of Alzheimer’s disease, but toxic brain changes are occurring. Abnormal deposits of proteins form amyloid plaques throughout the brain and neurons begin to work less efficiently, the National Institute of Aging said. Over time, neurons lose the ability to communicate with each other, ultimately dying.
Researchers have pinpointed biomarkers, brain imaging and cognitive assessment as ways to reveal progression of Alzheimer’s, Mayoclinic.com said.
According to the Alzheimer’s Association, experts believe that biomarkers offer one of the most promising treatments. Biomarkers include proteins in blood or spinal fluid, mutations or brain changes and are reliable predictors of disease process.
Currently, there are no validated biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease, said the Alzheimer’s Association.
As many as 5.1 million Americans may have Alzheimer’s disease, the National Institute of Aging said.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>屈指肌腱狭窄性腱鞘炎产生的原因？
(1)慢性劳损：掌指关节长期反复过度屈伸活动，使深、浅屈肌腱之间相互摩擦，或长期手持工具，纤维鞘管受硬物与掌骨头挤压，导致肌腱及腱鞘的无菌性炎症。
(2)解剖因素：病变易发生于掌骨头相对应的屈指肌腱纤维鞘管的起始部。
(3)退化性因素：随着年龄增加，其手部活动也逐渐减少，而突然出现一些反复频繁的手指屈伸活动后，导致其局部腱鞘内充血水肿所引起。
(4)先天性拇扳机指常有明显的家族史，胎儿期拇指过度屈曲，拇指掌指关节过度屈曲，拇指掌指关节掌侧腱鞘入口处长期压迫屈肌腱，是造成腱鞘增厚、肌腱膨大的主要原因;也有人认为肌腱本身的变性也可能是致病原因之一。<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>甘草是我们生活中常见的中草药，属于植物的根。乌拉尔甘草也是多年生草本植物。它的根长度不同，外皮是棕色或灰棕色。甘草入药后具有清热解毒、止咳化痰的功效。它是一种滋补中草药，广泛种植于华北和东北地区。
甘草是植物的根茎
甘草是一种具有很高药用价值的中药，但很多人不知道甘草是植物的哪一部分。甘草也是一种多年生草本植物。它的根长从25厘米到100厘米不等。
甘草是一种滋补中草药。它的药用部分是根和茎，它的皮肤色谱是红棕色或灰棕色，略带甜味。主要用于清热解毒、化痰止咳。甘草也是最常见的中草药，种植于中国西北、华北和东北地区。
甘草喜欢充足的光照。如果在生长过程中光照时间相对较短，植物的根系将会发育不良，其功效也相对较差，因此需要长日照。此外，它也适合在干燥的环境中生长。一些干旱半干旱地区种植了大量的甘草。
栽培甘草的过程需要使用微碱性土壤。如果土壤含酸量增加，很容易导致甘草生长不良。甘草生命力较强，具有抗寒、抗旱、耐盐碱等特性。在培养过程中也很容易管理。<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>osteoglossomorphArticle Free Pass
osteoglossomorph (superorder Osteoglossomorpha), any member of what is widely believed to be the most primitive group of bony fishes. This reputation stems from their rudimentary caudal skeleton and the lack of a set of intermuscular bones throughout the abdominal and anterior caudal regions of the body. Osteoglossomorphs are unique among fishes in that they use their tongue as the opposing surface for the teeth when they bite into food. They are divided into two orders, Osteoglossiformes and Hiodontiformes. Osteoglossiforms are a group of morphologically and biologically diverse forms primarily found in freshwater environments in Africa, Asia, South America, Australia, and islands of the tropical Pacific Ocean; however, a few osteoglossiform species enter slightly brackish water. In contrast, hiodontiforms occur only in North America and are probably the most primitive group of living osteoglossomorphs.
Osteoglossomorphs include five extant families and more than 200 species. Although the group is of little importance to humans, certain osteoglossomorph species are sometimes sought commercially as food fishes in parts of Africa, Asia, and South America.
Osteoglossiforms are tropical fishes. The families Mormyridae (elephant-snout fishes, mormyrs) and Gymnarchidae are confined to Africa; the Notopteridae (featherbacks) occur in Africa, Southeast Asia, and India. The distribution of the Osteoglossidae (such as the pirarucu [Arapaima], the arowana [Scleropages], and the butterfly fish [Pantodon]) in Africa, South America, and Australasia (believed by many authorities to have once been joined as a single landmass called Gondwana) is of particular zoogeographical interest.
The pirarucu of the Amazon (A. gigas), one of the world’s largest freshwater fishes, attains a length of 3 metres (about 10 feet); other osteoglossomorphs—for example, certain mormyrids—are only a few centimetres long.
In contrast, the hiodontiforms are limited to North America and are represented by only two species—the goldeye (Hiodon alosides) and the mooneye (H. tergisus). Mooneyes may grow to lengths of 42.5 cm (17 inches).
Life cycle and reproduction
A variety of breeding habits have evolved among the osteoglossomorphs. In some species there is considerable care of the young by the parents. Although no species is known to undertake extensive breeding migrations, many leave the usual habitat and move into floodplains or streams at breeding time.
The breeding biology of the mormyrids has been little studied; it does not seem likely, however, that they prepare spawning nests or exercise much parental care. In contrast, Gymnarchus niloticus (Gymnarchidae) prepares a large floating nest from the matted stems of swamp grasses, biting off the stems and fashioning them into a trough-shaped structure with an internal length of about 50 cm (20 inches). Spawning takes place in the nest, and one or both parents guard the developing young for approximately 18 days.
Nests are not made by notopterids, but they do establish a breeding territory. Both Hiodon species (goldeye and mooneye) spawn in the spring. Eggs are laid on gravel or rocks in shallow, quiet water, which the adults reached after a short migration. The young of the goldeye remain there until late summer before migrating downstream. In Chitala chitala (Notopteridae), one parent, probably the male, clears an area of the bottom near some submerged object (such as a rock, plant stem, or piling), on which the eggs are later laid in circular bands; the male guards the developing embryos.
Members of the Osteoglossidae care for their young in a variety of ways. The South American arawana (Osteoglossum bicirrhosum) and its Indo-Australian relatives, the spotted bonytongue (Scleropages leichardti) and the arowana (S. formosus), carry the eggs and young in the mouth of one parent; little else is known of their breeding habits. The African arowana (Heterotis niloticus) prepares a crude nest from grasses in newly flooded swamp plains. The male guards the young and leads them from the nest on feeding excursions. Both sexes of Arapaima gigas of South America dig a spawning pit and guard the developing embryos, which hatch and leave the pit after about seven days; care is provided by the male, around whose head the young congregate. The dark colour of the male’s head seems to provide good camouflage. This colour is the chief stimulus for forming shoals—that is, groups or schools. Apparently, there is also a gustatory (taste) or olfactory (smell) stimulus in a secretion from glands on the male’s head. Parent-young groups persist for two to three months; if the male dies, the young join other shoals.
Spawnings in aquaria suggest that the African butterfly fish (Pantodon) of family Pantodontidae produces floating eggs and provides minimal parental care. A complicated courtship in this species has also been observed.
What made you want to look up osteoglossomorph?<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Direttamente dalla vecchia serie di OVA arrivano i protagonisti di questa vecchia serie a promuovere questa volta una linea di bevande reidratanti dopo bagno; stavolta vengono scomodati addirittura i due protagonisti della serie di OVA che ha spopolato all’inizio degli anni 90,”Legend of Galactic Heroes” .
I romanzi da cui sono stati tratti gli OVA sono stati scritti da Yoshiki Tanaka che hanno ispirato alcuni OVA e due Film-anime fra il 1988 e il 2000 ; i personaggi sono ultimamente tornati alla ribalta per il fatto che dai vecchi OVA è recentemente stato rifatto un anime che è ripartito dalla storia del primo film, con i personaggi che sono stati ridisegnati , mantenendone però i tratti salienti.
I due protagonisti , Reinhard ( Autoproclamato imperatore ) e il suo braccio destro e amico Kircheis, sono quelli del film anime originale e arrivano in aiuto della protagonista che è stanca dopo aver fatto un bagno caldo; i due personaggi dell’anime allora suggeriscono un sorbetto al caffè , “Papico” , per rimettersi in forze.
Immagini ed info : 1 .<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Registering a Domain Name gives you an online identity or brand.
A Domain Name is an addressing construct used for identifying and locating computers on the Internet. Domain Names provide a system of easy-to-remember Internet addresses, which can be translated by the Domain Name System (DNS) into the numeric addresses (Internet Protocol (IP) numbers) used by the network.
IP Address: 18.104.22.168 maps to the ausregistry.com.au Domain Name.
A Domain Name is hierarchical and often conveys information about the type of entity that has registered the Domain Name.
ausregistry.com.au is a 3LD, Australian country code Domain Name.
Domain Names at the same level of the hierarchy must be unique. Thus, for example, there can only be one .com.au at the top-level of the hierarchy, and only one ausregistry.com.au at the next level of the hierarchy.
Domain Names must:
See our FAQ for further definitions.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>بیماری کرون یکی از انواع بیماری های التهاب روده (IBD) است که باعث عفونت و التهاب دستگاه گوارش می شود. التهاب ناشی از این بیماری می تواند بخش های مختلفی از دستگاه را تحت تاثیر قرار دهد. تاثیرات این بیماری ممکن است به لایه های زیرین نفوذ کند، در این صورت عوارض تهدید کننده زندگی ناشی از این بیماری ظاهر میشود. با این حال تعداد زیادی از افراد به این بیماری مبتلا هستند و با آن زندگی میکنند.
علائم کرون روده
بیماری کرون روده شامل دوره های شدت گیری بیماری و نیز فروکش کردن علائم است. علائم بیماری بسته به موضع درگیر متفاوت است. در برخی از افراد تنها آخرین قسمت روده کوچک ملتهب می شود و در برخی دیگر بیماری، روده بزرگ را درگیر می کند.
معمول ترین موضع برای درگیری این بیماری انتهای روده کوچک و روده بزرگ است. علائم و نشانه های بیماری کرون می تواند از خفیف تا شدید متغیر باشد. این علائم با پیشرفت بیماری شدت می یابند. هنگامی که این بیماری فعال است، علائم و نشانه هایی ایجاد میشوند، به این شرح:
- اسهال و
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Border Collie Association Presidency
Dünya Koyun Gütme Yarışmaları 11-14 Eylül 2008 tarihlerinde Land Rover sponsorluğunda, Gallerin Carmarthenshire bölgesi, Llandeilo beldesinde bulunan 12ci yüzyıl şatosu ve çevresinde 18ci yüzyılda inşa edilmiş bahçesinde (Dinefwr Park and Castle), üç gün süren zorlu yarışmalarla tamamlanmıştır.
BCD onursal üyesi olan Aled Owen 583/630 hakem puanı ve 61 merit puanı alarak Roy (266416) ile birlikte 2008 Dünya Şampiyonu olma başarısını göstermiştir. (Videosunu buradan izleyebilirsiniz)
Bu şampiyonluk Aledin ikinci dünya şampiyonluğu. 2002 Dünya şampiyonasında da bu sefer Bob (224454) ile dünya şampiyonu oldu.
Bob Royun babası.
Roy ise, BCD Damızlık Listesinde bulunan Jess (293119)in babasıdır.
Yani uzun lafın kısası bu ekip ailecek BCD üyesidirler.
Kendileriyle gurur duyuyoruz, ve onları, Nisan 2009da yapılması planlanan Türkiyenin ilk Koyun Gütme yarışmalarında aramızda görmekten mutluluk duyacağız.
Aled Owen'ı birincilik ödülü som altından Gütme-Düdüğü ile görüyorsunuz:<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>It was on the 29th of August, kids from our school came to the school dressed in traditional attire and tied rakhi to each other celebrating the bond of love between siblings. The activity highlighted on helping children understand the story about the festival of Rakshabandhan. And also highlighting the significance of Rakshabandhan in our culture.
Under this activity, children also made rakhis and tied it to plants. Children were enlightened regarding the importance of trees and were told to become protector of trees and thereby, taking a step against deforestation.
Our creative geniuses created beautiful rakhis and celebrated Rakshabandhan and learnt about of preserving the green mantle of the planet.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Thilanka Seneviratne1, Kosala Somaratne2, Deelaka Bandara1, Vindya Alahakoon1, Dilan Bandara1, Randima Munasinghe1, Nabil Ilyas3, Thilini Subasingha4& P. V. R. Kumarasiri5
1Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka; 2Base Hospital, Rikillagaskada, Sri Lanka; 3Teaching Hospital, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka; 4Lady Ridgeway Hospital, Colombo, Sri Lanka; 5Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
Introduction: English is the medium of instruction in the medical faculties in Sri Lanka, although the majority of the students who admit to the medical faculties completed their secondary school education with Sinhala as their first language. This disparity presents a potential barrier to their assimilation of knowledge in medical education.
Objective: To assess the medical students’ perception of the medium of instruction in medical education.
Method: The medical students of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka, enrolled from 2013 to 2017, whose first language is Sinhala were included in the study. Perceptions about the medium of instruction in medical education were assessed through an anonymous self-administered questionnaire, which used a five-point Likert scale for responses.
Results: From the total of 837 medical students, 665 (79.5%) participants had studied the General Certificate of Education – Ordinary Level (GCE O/L) in Sinhala and 172 (20.5%) in English. Eighty-eight percent (87.8%) had obtained an “A” grade for English Language in the GCE O/L examination. Over half (53.4%) of students responded that if medical textbooks were available in Sinhala, it would have increased their understanding of medical concepts. Nearly two-thirds (61%) responded that they perceived their performance in clinical examinations would have improved if those were carried out in Sinhala.
Conclusion: The findings reveal the positive perception of students towards using their first language in medical education. Specifically, students feel that concepts of medicine would be better understood if medical textbooks were available in Sinhala and that they could have performed better if examinations were done in Sinhala, their first language.
Keywords: Mother Tongue, Native Language, First Language, Sinhala, English, Medical Education
Click here to read the full-text of this article.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>You’ve just crafted the perfect learning strategy to meet your instructional objectives, but when it comes to writing content, you draw a blank. How do you convey your understanding of raw content without boring your future learners?
By Jean-Philippe Côté, Instructional Designer at ellicom
Writer’s block. It’s happened to the best of us. Whether narrated, printed on paper, or viewed on a computer screen, you instinctively know that the words in an online learning solution must be precise, concise and persuasive. But what’s the best way to increase the reach and accuracy of your texts? Luckily, several unwritten rules exist.
- Be simple and effective
As an e-learning professional, you are often required to simplify highly-technical processes, made up of equally complex steps.
The hard part of this writing style is explaining these steps in a way that everyone can understand, while adding a creative twist to keep your learners engaged. Not only that, but you also need to hone in on your client’s real needs. What’s a writer to do?
As a general rule, online learning isn’t the place to let your literary impulses run free. Avoid unnecessary jargon, empty phrases, excessive adjectives and redundant formulations.
Go for a clean and simple style, without bells and whistles, and make sure to provide clear and precise instructions to get straight to the point. Your learners’ time is precious.
- Be efficient and compelling
Even the most educated audience will have a hard time following along if your screens are overloaded with confusing text and heavy syntax.
This is especially true if your learning program is deployed on a mobile platform, where space is limited.
Generally speaking, you should favour simple sentences over complex ones to get your idea across. This structure will allow you to keep a single verb per sentence and use 15 words or less to get your idea across. Essentially, you’ll want to aim for:
- 1 statement per sentence
- 1 general idea per paragraph
- 1 topic per screen
Not only does this allow you to effectively structure your ideas, it ensures that the duration of your screen or even your entire module respects the criteria you initially established for yourself.
- Tell a story
Presenting your ideas in a structured manner is one thing, but these ideas must form a coherent whole. Use connecting words and discourse markers to structure your information in a sequential manner.
Your learners will appreciate these connecting words, both narrated and onscreen, since they will be better able to gauge their progress.
Of course, punctuation plays a leading role when linking your ideas together. It is also a powerful tool to speed up or slow down the pace of a learning module, especially if you work with audiovisual media (video, animation, narration, etc.).
- Make some noise
Make it a habit to read your final text out loud and to look out for passages that may be confusing. A properly placed comma will give your learners a well-deserved break and your narrator will thank you too!
- Invite your learner to embark on an adventure
Writing is one of the best communication methods for immersing learners into a virtual universe. But make sure to use your words wisely: nobody wants to be lectured at! This can come off as boring and even condescending.
To remedy the issue, address your learner by breaking the fourth wall (the screen) of your online learning:
- Use an active voice (where your subject performs the action) rather than a passive voice (where your subject receives the action).
- Use the pronoun “you” to personalize your content and make it more accessible.
- Don’t hesitate to create a bold, daring, and even humorous introduction in order to attract your learners’ attention and incite them to continue with their progress.
With little effort (and little cost), you will successfully create an immersive and attractive learning program.
Legault, N. Top Writing Tips For E-Learning, https://community.articulate.com/articles/top-tips-for-writing-for-e-learning
Malamed, C. 10 Types Of Writing For eLearning, http://theelearningcoach.com/elearning_design/10-types-of-writing-for-elearning/
Clark Colvin, Ruth and Mayer, Richard E. e-Learning and the Science of Instruction, 2e edition, Pfeiffer, San Francisco, 2007.
Trantham, E. 5 Common Traps That Snare the Unwary E-Learning Content Writer, https://www.trainingindustry.com/e-learning/articles/5-common-traps-that-snare-the-unwary-e-learning-content-writer.aspx<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>《疯狂的小鸟电脑版》是由芬兰游戏开发商Rovio开发的一款益智休闲类电脑游戏，改编自广受欢迎的《愤怒的小鸟》手游。该游戏保留了移动版游戏的核心玩法，同时针对电脑平台进行了优化和创新。
玩家在游戏中扮演一群愤怒的小鸟，利用弹弓将它们发射出去，摧毁由绿色小猪搭建的各种建筑物，从而拯救被它们偷走的小鸟蛋。游戏提供了多种不同的关卡和游戏模式，包括经典模式、竞技模式和时光模式，每个模式都具有独特的挑战和目标。
《疯狂的小鸟电脑版》采用了令人惊叹的物理引擎，玩家可以利用小鸟不同的特性和能力，如爆炸、分裂和引导，来解决难题。游戏中还增加了许多新元素，例如能量鸟和魔法药水，为游戏玩法增添了更多策略性和深度。
除了单人游戏模式外，《疯狂的小鸟电脑版》还支持多人模式，玩家可以与朋友或其他在线玩家联机竞技，争夺分和荣誉。游戏还提供了丰富的社交能，玩家可以创建或加入氏族，分享游戏心得和策略。
总体而言，《疯狂的小鸟电脑版》是一款既有趣又具有挑战性的益智游戏，它继承了移动版游戏的精髓，同时为玩家带来了全新的游戏体验。无论你是《愤怒的小鸟》系列的忠实粉丝，还是次接触这款游戏，你都会在这款经典的休闲游戏中找到无穷的乐趣。<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>
广东推台锯的主要特点
广东推台锯是一种传统的手工锯木工具，由竹制或木制的推杆、木制的台架和木锯片组成。
广东推台锯工作原理是:木工站在台架后面，一手推动推杆，一手握住锯片框，来回推拉，使锯片在木料上切割。这种锯不需要电力，靠人工推力运行，锯切速度慢，但操作灵活，可以裁切各种形状。
广东推台锯的特点是:
1.结构简单，便于拆装和携带运输，成本低廉;
2.不需电力，零污染，环保;
3.操作灵活，可以切割各种形状和尺寸的木料;
4.切割质量好，锯切面光滑平整;
5.传统特色工具，体现木工文化。
但是，广东推台锯也存在一些缺点:
1.锯切速度慢，生产效率低;
2.劳动强度大，操作者易疲劳;
3.锯片易磨损，维护成本高;
4.锯切准确度和重复精度较低。
随着机械化生产的发展，广东推台锯逐渐被带锯盖的电锯和链锯等机械工具所替代。但作为一种传统手工木工工具，广东推台锯还是广受木工的青睐。
文章分类： 资讯<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Saça Hindistan Cevizi Yağı Neden Sürülür
Kepeği Yok Etmek ve Saç Uzamasına Yardımcı Doğal Yağ- Hindistan Cevizi Yağı
Uzun süre kimyasal şampuanlar, kremler, stil ürünleri veya renklendiriciler kullandıysanız, kaşıntılı, pul pul, kepekli saçlara neden olursunuz. Saç derinizi tedavi etmek için hindistan cevizi yağı kullanabilirsiniz.Ayrıca saçınızın daha uzun, daha dolgun ve daha hızlı büyümesine yardımcı olmak için önerilen yöntemlerin başında hindistan cevizi yağı gelir. Hindistan cevizi yağında doğal olarak bulunan vitaminler ve esansiyel yağ asitleri, kafa derisini besler ve kıl köklerinden sebum oluşumunu önlemeye yardımcı olur.
Günlük bu basit adımları takip edin ve kepek sorunlarınıza elveda derken , saçınızın nasıl daha hızlı uzadığını da gözlemleyin ; Okumaya devam et<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>The EXPONENT function returns the exponential part of the model representation of a number.
x is an INTENT(IN) scalar or array of type REAL.
The result is of type default INTEGER. Its value is the power of two of the exponential part of x.
Examplereal :: x.4.3 write(*,*) x.exponent(x) ! writes 4.300000 3 write(*,*) scale(fraction(x),exponent(x)) ! writes 4.300000<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>松饼的1公分半的绿色桶。，紧决议灵巧和肩带。。这是初印模。，在步兵的后头，为了复杂的就职可以飞到第一高的、用直升木工刨载送设立乳牛。
俄罗斯帝国最近箱形背包防空导弹9К333 “维尔巴”不可能的事保持“从拨杆减少”开枪导弹形式-导弹还不克不及应对热敏感设圈套和以此类推的煤矿，此外以任何方式拥护者次要目的。。而无独有偶的“维尔巴”箱形背包防空导弹体系有何要紧的之处呢？
小型防空体系
首批箱形背包防空导弹体系呈现时1960年头，并很快适宜精通规避微小的防空导弹体系的迅速的组的头号仇敌。要想从木工刨、一架藏在仓库栈里的圆筒的直升木工刨被成功知识了。，说起来，这是不可能的事的。，在这种情况下，在区分机枪和机枪。，箱形背包防空导弹体系可以在一摇摆间就能让作乐的特技飞行员“下降”。
一旦箱形背包防空导弹体系用不着服用珍贵的工夫来着手停止、装载架，话说回来，它可以平滑地地被向前推。、射击与完工割削。前苏联的设计师在德维罗取慢着特别的成绩。。指挥部曾经生长出一种不昂贵地和不昂贵地的体系。，它能灵验地保卫阵列不受轰炸的支配。、排序。
这项税收是无独有偶的。：R&D依从的决不3000米的打击间隔。、财产典型的空间目的高的1500米的兵器。。导弹可能可以面临或追逐木工刨。。最根本的使习惯这样，只必要1亲自的来松的。，而且用不着翻开座位。。
这么样，就发生了苏式第一代箱形背包防空导弹体系9К32“箭-2”，这种兵器曾经换衣服了防空配备的开展。。苏联在1967上升了这种兵器。，开圆筒也包含在内。、迅速行进滑翔机的导弹和引擎、议员席传送者、箱形背包结束收音机测向器和议员席收音机讯问MAC，此外技术技术维护灵巧。。
休克、震惊和完好无损不明白发生的完全地-这我，他们在阿以抵触中“非凡的侥幸地”碰撞了苏制“箭”式箱形背包防空导弹体系。在高音的轰炸中，阿尔巴尼亚兵士应用这一兵器击中了30%的木工刨。，以色列航空队决议停止几天的迅速的。。
从箭到Vail
这样呈现了一种更完满、抗干忧的的箭3。，话说回来9, 38，针。，这种机智的式防空导弹也不要了数次更新的人改革，异样，现时VAIL代替了针。。
可靠的的说，VAIL可以对使挤紧非凡的敏感和稳固的适应。，同时，分别仇敌和人们。，袭击不十字形饰物目的。，人们可能克复热敏煤矿和以此类推使挤紧。。
在威尔巴的扶助下，步兵可以同时击落区分的木工刨。，从袭击用直升木工刨载送、木工刨，到巡航导弹。VAIL的座位和处理或负责高的不再与，作为分别，从记录上看“维尔巴”而且一种骗子的防空导弹体系。
固体燃料的新生代箱形背包防空导弹体系的射高达4500米，投掷的距离为6500米。。事实上，这完好无损掩蔽了火线木工刨的处理或负责扣押。、战术轰炸机和用直升木工刨载送可以拾掇彻底。。
这么样，VAIL不只逾越了针-C。，它也超越了相同产品。，包含FIM-92尾节在美国。。作为反差，针-C可以锁定3500米太空的空间目的。，刺是380
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ere, e di esistere così e non cosà, la domanda ontologica non è immediatamente disponibile in tutta la sua purezza, bensì è confusa e dirottata (privata, sconfitta) da risposte parziali e consolatorie.
Parziali sono le risposte che ignorano la totalità (senso della vita e del mondo): sono le spiegazioni dell’etiologia, le spiegazioni fisiche, le spiegazioni dei «ficcanaso della natura» (M. p. 963), di «coloro che credono che crogioli e alambicchi costituiscano la vera e unica fonte di ogni sapienza» (ibid.).
Consolatorie sono le metafisiche popolari, le grandi religioni, monoteistiche e atee (il buddismo); esse disinnescano la domanda ontologica promettendo la sopravvivenza, la salvezza, l’assorbimento nel Brahman, eccetera.
(Nella loro forma più prestigiosa – la scienza medica – le spiegazioni parziali tradiscono la radice comune con la metafisica in generale: sostituiscono alla salvezza la salute. E con le metafisiche popolari, con le religioni storiche, l’etiologia, costituiscono uno storno in grande stile dalla filosofia).
È evidente che la purezza della domanda metafisica fondamentale racchiude in sé la cognizione del dolore e, soprattutto, della morte:
Se la nostra vita fosse senza fine e senza dolore, a nessuno forse verrebbe in mente di domandarsi, perché il mondo esista e perché sia fatto proprio così, ma tutto sarebbe ovvio (M. p. 939).
Ma sarebbe un errore credere che questa cognizione vi si aggiunga, vi si giustapponga come un che di psicologico, di antropologico, “di umano, troppo umano”; o, peggio, che essa cognizione preceda, in qualità di movente neanche tanto segreto, la nostra domanda. Sarebbe facile, aggiungo, accusare Schopenhauer di esorcizzare la morte con la mistica, l’ascesi, la rassegnazione tout court; ma per quanto caldeggi quelle difficili vie, e per quanto sia (forse) ben più rassegnato dell’uomo del Qohélet, che invita con un tranello scandaloso a mangiare, bere e godere, Schopenhauer è consapevole che l’essere-alla-morte dell’uomo (per dirla con Heidegger) è tratto ontologico-esistenziale:
La sua meraviglia è tanto più profonda, in quanto qui, per la prima volta, essa si trova coscientemente di fronte alla morte e in quanto, accanto alla consapevolezza della finitudine di ogni esistenza, le si impone anche, con più o meno forza, quella della vanità di ogni aspirazione (M., p. 938).
Vanitas vanitatum! Ma, lo ripeto, tenere presente che la morte è nelle cose, nella natura di quella ‘cosa’ che è l’uomo, non significa affatto vivere con angosciosa oppressione, con un motivo di assidua e intollerabile preoccupazione, vivere, per così dire, in anticipo il fatale evento, ovvero non significa esorcizzarlo e scongiurarlo con false e facili consolazioni, ovvero non significa ridimensionarlo, ridurlo di proporzioni, secondo un’ottica stoico-epicurea, ovvero negarlo come certe derive scettiche (neanche la morte sarebbe assicurata!). Tenere presente che la morte è nella natura delle cose significa ammettere lo scacco della nostra esistenza e ridimensionare, questo sì, tutte le altre possibilità.
Io dico dunque che, se è vero che tutto è spiegabile fisicamente, è anche vero che nulla lo è (M., p. 957).
Che cosa ha da dire la scienza rispetto alla domanda ontologica fondamentale? Può porsi la scienza la domanda sul senso? Peggio: è una domanda inutile?
Ma la domanda è viva in tutti. Schopenhauer la chiama il bisogno metafisico dell’uomo.
Soltanto la filosofia è in grado di articolare la domanda ontologica; e dato che di pretese totalizzanti non ne ha,[3] trovandosi tuttavia di fronte ad una domanda sul senso totale del mondo, sul senso dell’essere e dell’esistenza, sul senso della vita e della morte, non le resterà dunque che sviluppare la domanda come tale, per ammettere sì lo scacco della nostra esistenza, ma anche per liberare il pensiero e farlo volare alto.
Pertanto con il naturalismo o con il metodo puramente fisico, non otterremo mai il nostro scopo: tale metodo è un calcolo che lascia sempre un resto (M., p. 962).
E più avanti:
Anzi, i più grandi progressi della fisica non faranno altro che rendere sempre più sensibile il bisogno di una metafisica (M. p. 963).
La risposta al problema della scienza e della tecnica moderne e racchiusa in queste poche parole. Schopenhauer non vuole bloccare la scienza, la sua visione non è perniciosamente ‘antiscientifica’, ma sa che se si vuole continuare a ragionare, contro chi crede «che sarebbe ingiusto ed estremamente inopportuno consentire il trasporto di queste esigenze [filosofiche] nel campo della conoscenza»,[4] l’unica soluzione è il radicalismo filosofico: sempre più filosofia.
Note
[1] A. Schopenhauer, “Il mondo come volontà e rappresentazione”, Milano, Mondadori, 2000, p. 168 (da qui in poi citato direttamente nel testo come M.).
[2] G. Casarotti, “La scienza dell’esperienza ne il mondo come volontà e rappresentazione”, in “Schopenhauer ieri e oggi”, Genova, Il melangolo, 1991, p. 125.
[3] Ora, che la filosofia abbia coltivato una pretesa totalizzante è fuori di dubbio, ma che a quella pretesa – ancora la pretesa di Hegel – abbia rinunciato volentieri in concomitanza con il distacco definitivo delle branche che riscotevano il maggior successo è un fatto che non possiamo ignorare. Come non possiamo ignorare che «la boria della filosofia» – la sua hybris, la sua «pomposa follia», per dirla con Thomas Mann (‘Schopenhauer’, in “Nobiltà dello spirito e altri saggi”, Milano, Mondadori, 2001, p. 1236) – si è rovesciata in tanto scientismo.
[4] S. Freud, “Introduzione alla psicoanalisi”, Torino, Bollati Boringhieri, 1999, p. 554.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>How does a Dehumidifier work?
Dehumidification is the process of abstraction of the humidity that is in the air in the form of vapor. The dehumidification can be obtained in two ways:
By cooling the air in temperatures lower the Dew Point of the air. This is accomplished with special cooling devices that are cooling the air at low temperatures abstracting the humidity from the air. Next, the air is heated again and supplied to the air conditioned rooms with the proper psychometric data (temperature and relative humidity). There are many different models of Dehumidifiers regarding their capability in dehumidification (l/h), in order to meet the requirements of domestic, businesslike or industrial type installations.
- Chemical type Dehumidifiers. Their operation is based on the use of chemical dehydrating materials (i.e. silicagel), that abstract humidity from the air in order to maintain the relative humidity in the permissible limits.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>دبیر کل ناتو وضعیت در افغانستان را دشوار خوانده می گوید اعضای این سازمان در نشست فردا در مورد شمار سربازان بیشتر در افغانستان گفتگو خواهند کرد.
ینس استولتنبرگ، دبیر کل ناتو که امروز در یک نشست خبری صحبت می کرد گفت: “ما در مورد آینده ماموریت خود در افغانستان بحث خواهیم کرد. ما از قبل به توافق رسیده ایم که حضور خود را حفظ می کنیم، ما حالا به شمار دقیق سطح نیروها نگاهی می اندازیم و فرماندهان نظامی ما خواستار چند هزار سرباز دیگر شده اند ما آن در خواست را بررسی خواهیم کرد. من فردا به شما در مورد شمار دقیق سربازان بیشتر گفته می توانم.”
اما وی رفتن دوباره ناتو به ماموریت جنگی در افغانستان را رد می کند.
استولتنبرگ تصریح کرد: “وضعیت در افغانستان دشوار است، ما دیدیم که طالبان و گروه های هراس افگن صد ها غیر نظامی را تنها در هفته های گذشته کشتند. هیچ درخواست و طرحی برای رفتن به عملیات جنگی در افغانستان نیست. مشکلات و چالش های زیادی وجود دارد و هنوز هم وضعیت نا معلوم و خشونت در افغانستان حاکم است.”
وی همچنان از نیروهای ویژه افغان ستایش نموده گفت که تمرکز بعدی ناتو روی افزایش توانمندی های نیروهای افغان می باشد.
دبیر کل ناتو افزود: “ما به گونه ویژه این را زیر نظر داریم که چگونه می توانیم نیروهای بیشتر را برای انجام عملیات های ویژه آموزش دهیم. آنها در حملات طالبان و هراس افگنان نقش کلیدی داشته اند. آنها مسلکی و شجاع ثابت شده اند و ما نیاز داریم که ظرفیت عملیات های ویژه را در افغانستان افزایش دهیم. ما همچنان در بخش ایجاد نیروی هوایی و رهبری با آنها همکاری می کنیم.”
اما خواست دولت افغانستان از ناتو فشار بیشتر بالای پاکستان است جایی که پناهگاه های امن هراس افگنان دانسته می شود.
محمد رادمنش معاون سخنگوی وزارت دفاع کشور در صحبت با آریانانیوز گفت: در امر مبارزه علیه تروریزم و فشار بالای پاکستان به شکل شعار وجود دارد، ناتو باید فشار های سیاسی و نظامی بالای پاکستان بیاورد.”
دبیرکل ناتو می گوید، این سازمان از روند صلح و دریافت یک راه مسالمت آمیز به جنگ افغانستان حمایت می کند و اگر روسیه به روند صلح افغانستان به رهبری افغانها کمک می کند، ناتو از آن استقبال می کند.
گزارشگر: فهیم نوری<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Coal fired and natural gas power plants are installed only to sit idle 99% of the time. In fact, 10% of the power plants around the country are used only 1% of the time to handle peak load. Peak load occurs when many users demand energy at the same time, such as everyone turning on their air conditioning on a hot day. Utilities must maintain easy-start power plants such as coal or natural gas in order to stay ready for these rare peak load events. But there is a more efficient way. This video interview with Brad Davids of EnerNOC profiles their technology for replacing coal fired and natural gas power plants by providing peak load power through industrial power usage reduction. EnerNOC establishes contracts with industrial and commercial business such as dairies, supermarkets, plastics manufacturers, ice making companies to cut load during those peak hours. During peak hours, utilities send a signal to EnerNOC’s internet based operation center to initiate the load reduction request, and EnerNOC removes between 40-100 MW of load, thereby balancing supply and demand. Utilites pay EnerNOC instead of building a new power plant, and EnerNOC pays its industrial business customers. Everybody wins.
Connie Kwan is a GreenTech Marketing professional based in Silicon Valley, CA. She is pursuing an MBA in Sustainability at Presidio Graduate School and blogs about sustainability and business at Sustainable Thinking: Applied.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>میگلی نژاد: منوچهر متکی با حضور در مجلس باید پاسخگو باشد.
meigolinejad.ir ـ خلیج فارس: نماینده بوشهر، گناوه و دیلم از سوال مشترک نمایندگان استان های بوشهر، هرمزگان، ایلام، کرمانشاه و خوزستان از وزیر امورخارجه درباره وضعیت گرد و غبار اخیر خبر داد. «غلامعلی میگلی نژاد» در گفتگو با «خلیج فارس» اظهار داشت: قبلا این گر و غبار که استان های مرزی و جنوبی را آزار می دهد، در تابستان مشاهده می شد و با اقدامات مشتکر کشورهای ایران، عراق و عربستان سعودی از طریق «مالچ پاشی» (ماده ای نفتی) مرتفع می شد. میگلی نژاد افرود: اما هم اکنون که خشکسالی بیشتر شده، خبری از این همکاری های مشترک نیست و با هر وزش بادی گرد و غبار مردم مناطق مرزی را آزار داده و آنها را خانه نشین می کند.
وی افزود: علاوه بر این وزش باد از سوی این دو کشور آلودگی های باقی مانده از جنگ را از مناطق جنگی بههمراه می آورد که این امر سلامت مردم را تهدید می کند.
نماینده بوشهر از طرح سوال از وزیر امور خارجه در این باره خبر داد و گفت: در حال آماده کردن طرح سوال و جمع آوری امضا از نمایندگان استان های بوشهر، خوزستان، ایلام، کرمانشاه و هرمزگان هستیم تا «منوچهر متکی» با حضور در مجلس در این باره پاسخگو باشد.
عضو کمیسیون انرژی مجلس که با «خلبج فارس» گفتگو می کرد، خاطرنشان کرد: این سوال امروز (دوشنبه) به هیاترییسه مجلس ارایه شد تا وزیر امور خارجه در کمیسیون مربوط پاسخگو باشد و درصورتی که صحبت هایش قانع کننده نبود باید در صحن علنی مجلس پاسخگو باشد.
ویاظهار داشت: ایجاد هماهنگی با کشورهای عربستان و عراق برای رفع مشکل گرد و غبار از وظایفذاتی وزارت امور خارجه است ولی چون تاکنون در این زمینه اقدامی نشده است مجبوربه طرح سوال شدیم تا قبل از تابستان و افزایش این بادها، فکری برای این وضعیت شود.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>di Valeria Zeppilli – Con la sentenza numero 18786/2017 (qui sotto allegata), la quarta sezione penale della Corte di cassazione è tornata a ribadire tra le righe un principio già sancito in altre occasioni dalla giurisprudenza sia di merito che di legittimità, ovverosia che non necessariamente il mettersi alla guida dopo aver assunto una sostanza stupefacente è un comportamento penalmente rilevante (in tal senso leggi anche: "Non basta drogarsi e mettersi alla guida per commettere reato" e "Drogarsi e mettersi alla guida non è reato").
Secondo un orientamento interpretativo al quale negli ultimi tempi i giudici hanno avuto più volte deciso di aderire, infatti, il reato di cui all'articolo 187 del codice della strada non può dirsi integrato per il solo fatto che un soggetto si sia posto alla guida di un veicolo dopo aver assunto una sostanza stupefacente; esso, piuttosto, richiede come condotta tipica la guida in stato di alterazione psico-fisica derivante da tale assunzione. In altre parole: se tale alterazione manca, il reato non può dirsi configurato.
Nel caso di specie, invece, il giudice di secondo grado aveva condannato un motociclista per il fatto di essersi messo in sella al proprio mezzo dopo aver fatto uso di stupefacenti, senza, tuttavia, confrontarsi in alcun modo con la predetta considerazione, fatta, invece, dal giudice di primo grado nel negare la penale responsabilità dell'imputato per il reato in parola. Alla luce di ciò e, più in generale, del mancato rispetto dell'obbligo di motivazione rafforzata (gravante sul giudice dell'impugnazione nel momento in cui riforma in toto la pronuncia di primo grado), la Corte di appello è chiamata a un nuovo esame della vicenda e, per l'incauto motociclista, si apre qualche speranza di non essere condannato.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>A forensic approach to wire rope defects16 February 2006
Detecting faults in wire ropes involves a great deal of sophisticated detective work, as Roland Verreet and Dr Isabel Ridge explain
If you have ever read a Sherlock Holmes story, you know the pattern: A dead body is lying on the floor. Was it murder or suicide? If it was murder, who killed the person? Why did they do it? And how did they do it? Sherlock Holmes will inspect the room with his magnifying glass, collect a limited number of seemingly trivial and unrelated details, and then present a surprising, but undisputable answer to all these questions.
The work of a wire rope detective has a lot in common with Sherlock Holmes. A steel wire rope has failed and the accident has caused a lot of damage. The rope user, and maybe also a judge in court, will want to know whether the rope was “murdered” (by external factors) or “committed suicide” (for example, in multi layer spooling on the drum). They will want to know how it happened. Why? One reason, of course, is curiosity. Another is that they need to know what caused the accident in order to prevent similar occurrences in future. A third reason is money. Wire rope failures are often associated with expensive damage, and
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保秋风之墩号得以逃出生天。不久后，6号在干船坞独自对抗星盟，战斗到生命最后一刻。而俊成了唯一幸存的队员。
致远星保卫战中已确认阵亡人员：
幸存成员
团队成员并不固定，会根据任务需要补入或替换队员。比如罗森达-344，如果出现需要镇压叛乱的行动，她就会在这场行动中代替埃米尔出战。当一名成员因受伤或阵亡而无法继续服役时，另一名新的斯巴达战士会补充进来。
已知前任队员
潜在成员
GEN2雷神锤盔甲的Noble系列护甲以他们来设计并命名用以纪念他们。
人类回归致远星后，NOBLE纪念碑在新亚历山大的霍斯克泰尔落成。Noble6没在这个纪念碑里面
2610年1月15日，一位前ONI特工将Noble小队模型的复制品寄给自己的表兄，进而交给了人文博物馆馆长——Bjarne女士；此模型由大M工作室（Big M Studio）制造。
本页面分别翻译于halowiki和halopedia的原页面并结合改进，请其他搬运转载注明原地址和页面翻译者
halowiki=https://halo.fandom.com/wiki/Noble_Team
halopedia=https://www.halopedia.org/NOBLE_Team<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Non-disciplinary solitary confinement encompasses a wide variety of practices used to manage prison populations worldwide. These practices, like their disciplinary equivalents, cause severe and unnecessary harm to prisoners, violating the United Nations Convention against Torture. Though the Convention against Torture has limited effects on state behavior, a finding that non-disciplinary solitary confinement is torture would improve conditions and future outcomes for prisoners without significantly diminishing administrators’ ability to effectively run correctional facilities.
Solitary confinement is a widely used practice in prisons around the world. It isolates prisoners from contact with other prisoners, the outside world, and prison staff in an attempt to control and manage prison populations. In practice, prisoners held in solitary confinement are usually held alone in cells for at least twenty-two hours per day. They have little access to light, short outdoor exercise periods (if they are allowed to exercise at all), and limited or no personal privileges, such as access to mail, books, or television.1 Prisoners in solitary confinement might only encounter other people when moved through the prison by guards and during short, irregular visits through windows or openings in their cell doors with mental health professionals.2 This Comment focuses on non-disciplinary solitary confinement, which includes any use of solitary confinement in prisons, jails, or other correctional facilities for any purposes other than discipline. Common types of non-disciplinary solitary confinement include protective custody, pre-trial isolation, and administrative segregation.
Although the different types of solitary confinement have some unique features, they are all subject to the same provisions of international law. The U.N. has condemned torture for almost its entire existence as an international body. Its first major undertaking on the issue was the inclusion of a prohibition on torture in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 1948.3 The U.N. later reaffirmed this commitment against torture in 1965 with the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights.4
The U.N. Convention against Torture (CAT) was signed in 1985, becoming the first international agreement to explicitly define torture.5 The CAT is the culmination of decades of U.N. statements on the subject and serves as the linchpin of the international law on torture. It has 163 parties and seeks to eliminate torture internationally by outlining a set of effects, motives, and levels of severity that together determine whether various practices constitute torture.6 It condemns the practice of torture during both war and peacetime, with no meaningful exceptions from the treaty’s prohibitions.7
This Comment argues that most non-disciplinary solitary confinement is torture under the CAT and should be recognized as such by both parties to the treaty and international bodies, such as the U.N. Committee against Torture. Currently, solitary confinement is a widely-used practice for both disciplinary and non-disciplinary purposes in prisons, jails, and other correctional facilities around the world. However, solitary confinement has distinctly negative effects that are severe enough for the practice to count as torture under the CAT, and it is used for purposes that are prohibited under the CAT.
The U.N. currently holds the view that disciplinary solitary confinement is torture under the CAT, though it declines to condemn similar forms of non-disciplinary solitary confinement.8 While this position encourages humane treatment of prisoners, it does not address prison authorities’ continued ability to harm prisoners with non-disciplinary solitary confinement that avoids the narrow interpretation currently employed. Large numbers of prisoners are currently harmed by non-disciplinary practices that would not be permissible under a determination that the CAT covers non-disciplinary solitary confinement. Because solitary confinement’s harms––including severe negative effects on prisoners’ mental health––exist even when it is not used for punishment, non-disciplinary solitary confinement’s effects are largely indistinguishable from those of disciplinary solitary confinement. This artificial distinction in international law’s treatment of solitary confinement allows the continued use of detention methods that severely harm prisoners without adequate justification.
Different prison systems use various words such as “segregation” or “restrictive housing”9 to describe prisoner isolation, but this Comment will use “solitary confinement” to refer to any practice that isolates prisoners for approximately twenty-two hours or more each day.10 The term “solitary confinement” avoids confusion with specific practices that form a subset of solitary confinement, such as administrative segregation, and accurately reflects the experience of prisoners held in solitary confinement. Additionally, “solitary confinement” is the most accurate way to refer to the practice because it is a “term[ ] of art in correctional practice and scholarship.”11
Despite the variety of reasons for placing prisoners into solitary confinement, the practice can be separated into two principal groups: disciplinary and non-disciplinary solitary confinement. Disciplinary solitary confinement is easily defined; it is any instance in which prisoners are placed into solitary confinement for punitive reasons or purposes.12 This Comment uses the term “non-disciplinary solitary confinement” to encompass all solitary confinement imposed for purposes other than discipline or punishment.13
In Section II, this Comment explains the CAT’s existing legal regime and details solitary confinement’s continued use despite current prohibitions. In Section III, it outlines the serious harm done to prisoners by non-disciplinary solitary confinement and evaluates these effects under the CAT for each type of non-disciplinary solitary confinement. In Section IV, the Comment considers policy and enforcement issues surrounding non-disciplinary solitary confinement, including the CAT’s weak spots illuminated by past enforcement difficulties against influential countries in the international community during the War on Terror. Finally, this Comment explains effective alternatives to solitary confinement and examines ways in which actors can improve compliance with the CAT.
Like many areas of international law, the CAT depends on a mix of international institutions and individual state commitments to the treaty. In particular, enforcement mechanisms rely heavily on states’ domestic prohibition, investigation, and prosecution of torture. The CAT requires parties to take effective action to prevent torture from occurring anywhere within their jurisdictions, to take action to end torture if it does occur, and to provide remedies for victims of torture.14 It also requires parties to take proactive steps to prevent torture in the future, including revising their domestic criminal codes to include severe penalties for torture, complicity in torture, and attempts to commit torture.15
The CAT set up the Committee against Torture to fill some of the gaps left by its reliance on states’ domestic obligations to prevent and address torture. Despite this essential role in the CAT’s enforcement, the Committee has limited powers and depends on good-faith cooperation from participating states (including virtually all major states in the world).16 The Committee receives regular reports from parties detailing their compliance with the CAT, which it reviews and uses to make comments and recommendations about parties’ status under the treaty.17 The Committee may also undertake confidential inquiries into whether parties are undertaking systematic torture if it receives information indicating that such practices are taking place within a state’s jurisdiction.18 Beyond its ongoing monitoring operations, the Committee has the ability to hear and investigate claims that states party are not successfully upholding their obligations under the treaty.19 While the Committee itself does not have an exceptional amount of enforcement power over states party, it provides reports to the U.N. on current findings and issues regarding torture, which creates another pathway to achieving compliance with the CAT’s provisions.20 Despite these methods for international action in service of the treaty, the CAT’s structure indicates that the most important pathway for effective implementation of its provisions stems from states’ own good-faith compliance efforts.
The United Nations Commission on Human Rights appoints the Special Rapporteur on Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Punishment to serve as an expert on torture and coordinate international responses to torture.21 The Special Rapporteur’s principal activities are communicating with states on cases of past or present torture, performing on-the-ground fact-finding on issues of torture, and submitting annual reports to the Human Rights Council and the General Assembly.22 In short, the Special Rapporteur is an influential part of almost any determination regarding torture under international law.
The CAT uses specific language to define torture by its effects and the torturer’s intent, not by any specified practices, methods, or instruments. The CAT defines torture as “any act by which severe pain or suffering, whether physical or mental, is intentionally inflicted on a person.”23 Actions causing severe pain and suffering constitute torture when they are undertaken for a prohibited purpose listed in the CAT, including “obtaining . . . information or a confession, punishing him for an act he or another person has committed or is suspected of having committed, intimidating or coercing him or a third person, or for any reason based on discrimination of any kind.”24
While its broad scope seeks to include a wide variety of harmful practices, the CAT does not define torture as including negative results or effects that are incidental to a lawful action. Instances in which individuals experience severe negative effects “arising only from, inherent or incidental to lawful sanctions” are not torture under the CAT.25 The “inherent or incidental” standard means that solitary confinement is not on its face torture under the treaty, but instead must be performed for a prohibited purpose.26 Solitary confinement would be legally allowable if those responsible for the treatment of prisoners could show an internationally lawful reason for their use of solitary confinement and that the harm prisoners experience is an inherent consequence of that lawful action. If solitary confinement is only an incidental part of a lawful treatment regime, then it falls under this exception.27 However, as explained below, solitary confinement is a practice for which prisons build specific wings and on which corrections administrators focus significant amounts of attention, indicating that it is part of a larger, lawful undertaking in corrections systems.28 The existence of large, purpose-built facilities indicates that solitary confinement is not a practice incidental to a different goal in prison systems, but instead a separate practice in and of itself. Given its present uses, solitary confinement is unlikely to fall under this exception because it is a standalone practice constituting a major, non-incidental part of prison management.
Under Article 1 of the Convention against Torture, the U.N. considers disciplinary solitary confinement to be torture.29 Long-term disciplinary solitary confinement is a practice that is of special concern to the U.N. Disciplinary solitary confinement of under fifteen days, the upper limit advised by the Special Rapporteur, is itself problematic and may constitute torture.30 In the view of the Special Rapporteur, a longer period of confinement makes the action even more likely to be torture.31 Additionally, the Special Rapporteur found in 2011 that, even if disciplinary solitary confinement is not torture, it still violates Article 16 of the CAT, which addresses and condemns harmful practices that fall short of its definition of torture.32 This determination has been echoed in recent years by the U.N. General Assembly, which in 2015 adopted a revised version of the Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners, a set of minimum standards for the treatment of prisoners also known as the “Mandela Rules.”33 The new Mandela Rules tightened the U.N.’s restrictions on solitary confinement and recommended that solitary confinement “be used only in exceptional cases as a last resort, for as short a time as possible.”34 Under the Mandela Rules, solitary confinement is viewed with extreme skepticism, and is considered a practice that often causes severe harm to prisoners.
Solitary confinement remains a widespread practice worldwide for a variety of reasons. While discipline continues to be a common purpose for solitary confinement,35 prison officials use non-disciplinary solitary confinement for an array of purposes more related to prison management than to prisoner punishment.36 Non-disciplinary solitary confinement is used, for example, to isolate political prisoners whom prison administrators claim may be in danger of violent attacks, prisoners with mental illness who cannot follow prison rules and instructions, and prisoners whom officials believe pose a danger to other inmates.37 It is also often used to isolate and intimidate pre-trial detainees as part of efforts to induce confessions or compliance with law enforcement.38 Pre-trial detention is used as a management tool to separate gang members from one another in order to suppress gang activity.39 Protective custody for vulnerable prisoners is frequently used as a form of non-disciplinary solitary confinement and often involves, but is not limited to, juveniles, LGBT prisoners, famous (or infamous) prisoners, and prisoners convicted of sex crimes or other offenses that could lead to violent attacks from others.40 Especially in the U.S. and Europe, non-disciplinary solitary confinement is regularly used for individuals detained for immigration violations and awaiting deportation.41
It is difficult to calculate the prevalence of solitary confinement, and particularly non-disciplinary solitary confinement, around the world. This is due to often-opaque prison system management and the lack of incentives for prison administrators to keep records on the reasons for solitary confinement.42 However, in the U.S., prisons place a significant percentage of prisoners in solitary confinement for at least some period of time during their incarceration. In late 2015, American corrections officials placed over 67,000 people––roughly five percent of the entire American prison population––in solitary confinement for at least fifteen continuous days.43 The number of American prisoners in solitary confinement grew rapidly through the first decade of the twenty-first century, then steadily fell in recent years at a slower pace than the initial rise.44 Recent reform efforts by private groups and the federal government have resulted in what some describe as a “‘national consensus’ in the United States to end the ‘over-use of extreme isolation in prisons.’”45
An especially common and harmful form of non-disciplinary solitary confinement in some countries is pre-trial solitary confinement. Scandinavian countries, most notably Sweden and Norway, use pre-trial non-disciplinary solitary confinement at extremely high rates.46 This indicates that such practices remain common even in countries that are sometimes regarded as the international benchmark for humane treatment of prisoners. Records show that nearly half of all pre-trial detainees in Sweden are placed into solitary confinement at some point.47 Such pre-trial solitary confinement is an especially harmful practice because it can cause severe health problems for individuals who have not yet been convicted of any crime, can coerce prisoners in ways that are harmful both to the justice system and to the prisoners’ well-being, and can diminish prisoners’ ability to assist their attorneys in preparing an effective defense (a harm that falls short of torture, but still negatively affects prisoners).48
The CAT’s current definition of torture already encompasses many forms of solitary confinement. Both disciplinary solitary confinement and some non-disciplinary solitary confinement are sufficiently severe and driven by motives that are sufficiently harmful to violate the standards laid out in the CAT.49 Because the harms that result from disciplinary and non-disciplinary solitary confinement are virtually indistinguishable, it follows logically that non-disciplinary solitary confinement is also torture. It is near-impossible to subject a prisoner to solitary confinement without severely harming the individual. Of course, simply classifying non-disciplinary solitary confinement as torture would not alone resolve the problem; the current prevalence of solitary confinement shows that compliance remains a significant issue. A renewed and rigorous focus on meeting obligations under international law is a vital part of any determination that solitary confinement is torture.
This Section argues that non-disciplinary solitary confinement as currently practiced qualifies as torture under the CAT in nearly all instances, including when imposed for relatively short periods of time. It will evaluate non-disciplinary solitary confinement under the CAT’s severity, intent, purpose, and official capacity standards.
Currently, the U.N. Special Rapporteur on Torture distinguishes between long-term and short-term non-disciplinary solitary confinement. Solitary confinement that exceeds fifteen days (long-term solitary confinement) is treated in a substantially different manner than short-term solitary confinement.50 The Special Rapporteur considers long-term solitary confinement, including non-disciplinary solitary confinement, to presumptively be torture, and short-term non-disciplinary solitary confinement to be allowed in certain (non-disciplinary) circumstances, but to still be a cause for concern.51
Under the CAT, the potential positive effects of non-disciplinary solitary confinement, including ease of prison administration, avoidance of immediate and imminent violent conflict, and protection of vulnerable prisoners, do not matter in the determination of whether the practice is torture. The CAT instead specifies that even far more extreme circumstances, including armed conflict and national upheaval, do not create exceptions for whether practices are labeled torture.52 The determination of severity is instead made independent of any benefit resulting from the practice; in other words, the CAT’s calculus does not take the form of a cost-benefit analysis.53 Thus, even if there is utilitarian cost-benefit analysis under the CAT, and even if non-disciplinary solitary confinement’s aggregate positive effects were greater than its negative consequences, this determination would be irrelevant to its legal status.54 In short, a prohibited practice remains prohibited even if it would have benefits that exceed its drawbacks.
A. Non-Disciplinary Solitary Confinement Causes Severe and Predictable Harm to Prisoners, Violating the CAT’s Severity Standard
Non-disciplinary solitary confinement rises to a sufficient level of severity to count as torture under the CAT. The CAT provides comparatively little guidance on the question compared to its other sections, outlining a terse standard of “severe pain or suffering, whether physical or mental.”55 While the definition itself provides little guidance, the Special Rapporteur on Torture has addressed the issue directly, holding that solitary confinement as a whole rises to a sufficient level of severity to constitute torture under the CAT because of its negative effects on prisoners.56 Acts that the Special Rapporteur have determined to be torture include beating, suffocation, exposure to intense loud noises and bright lights, and “prolonged denial of rest, sleep, food, sufficient hygiene, or medical assistance, and prolonged isolation and sensory deprivation.”57 While these determinations58 carry influence internationally, the interpretations are not legally binding.
Studies performed on prisoners subjected to solitary confinement show severe pain and suffering that rise to the levels required by the CAT.59 Solitary confinement causes a predictable set of negative effects, including frightening hallucinations, panic attacks, paranoia, and uncontrollable intrusive violent thoughts, among prisoners who are placed into isolation.60 Prison officials can predict the onset of the unique mix of damaging psychological effects due to its reliable occurrence in solitary confinement, which makes placement of prisoners into solitary confinement a knowing decision to cause harm.61 The harmful psychological effects include, but are not limited to, hyper-responsivity to external stimuli, visual and auditory hallucinations, panic attacks, reduced cognitive abilities, memory impairment, obsessive thoughts
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下，面部肌肉相同，因此也可以由一个人的面部看一个人的智力。肺结核病人的脸面红润(午后潮热)。有一种气候性风湿病，在下雨之前的一个星期左右，肌肉和关节开始痛。小儿麻痹症病人康复后，手和脚的肌肉都会变形。还有一种白肤病，他们无论男女其长相是全部相同的，在生活中，我们还会看到一些人长相非常相似，有一种"鱼泡眼"就长得非常相像，大眼，很明显的双眼皮，鼻孔较大，声音较大，较肥胖，圆脸。根据以上分析，人的长相有一部份可以由遗传决定，但另一部分可能由激素决定，如果不是这样，现实中就不会出现"夫妻相"。人类大部分疾病和个性都可以在面部找到答案，平常常常可以看到或听到:某某人一副凶相，某某人慈眉善目，某某人一看就知道狡诈无比，某某人老实可怜，这些你是怎么得来的呢，就是凭你的第一眼，感觉出来的。这种感觉不是无中生有，而是对方的面部表情提供给你的一种信息，你在大脑内通过经验再产生这种判断。
肌肉可以产生记块，比如学骑自行车，首先人体的各种肌肉没有统一到一起，不能协调一致地骑它，通过练习，各种肌肉协调了，你就可骑了，就会终生不忘，这一过程就是肌肉的记块形成过程。这种记块属一级思维过程，但是它不能遗传，它是一级思维的扩展。这种记块人体不能通过大脑回忆出来，只能在具体的操作中产生这种回忆。并且学会后，长期用健身器械锻炼你的肌肉，你的肌肉就会发达，力量就会增加，这也是一种记块的形成过程，也不能遗传。不同部位的肌肉被长期锻炼以后，就可形成一种新的能力，比如中国人拿筷子，欧美的人就拿不了。一些人走钢丝，跨过什么峡谷啊河流啊等等，只要你长期锻炼，也是可以做到的。至于肌肉在锻炼以后为什么能够变大、变得有力，原因至今不明。
将你的一只脚伸出，你要脚趾动，脚趾就会动。同理，你要脚心、脚关节、抑或是小腿大腿动，它们都会动。并且，动一个地方的肌肉，其它地方的肌肉一般不会大量收缩，这种局部肌肉群收缩引起某一单位收缩的原因，在现代神经理论里，是没有阐述的，用最简单的站立来说明，主导作用的是小脑，这一行为过程，人只需平衡动能发挥，但是，至于哪条肌肉用多少力量，收缩到什么程度，哪条肌肉松弛到什么程度，这一切都是大脑的功能，婴儿不但站立不了，并且座都不行，要大人扶持。一般经过三个月左右的训练，小孩就可以在大人的扶持下站立了。但是，这种站立是不稳定的，当长到一定阶段(10个月左右)，小孩就学会了站立，它也是走的前奏，此时，学会站立的这一过程，小孩就是将各种肌肉的收缩或松弛的程度源源不断地刺激大脑里一个新建立的"站立区"，站立区将每次得来的各类肌肉(如腓长肌，腘肌等)的收缩松弛情况，不断地在大脑中联合，这种联合发生于多个神经细胞，并有可能某个神经细胞控制某块肌肉，凡参与了"站立"的肌肉的信息在大脑内组成一个"站立肌群"。大脑将这一肌群联系得完美以后，人就学会了站立。相反，人就不会站立。如某些脑病，如果大脑影响站立的某些部位受伤，人的站立就不同于常人。相对来说，人的站立区并不一定每个人都相同地处在大脑内的某个特定区域。区域大小也不一定，组成站立区的神精细胞也因人而异。还举个浅显的例子:一个人可以训练出一次数数五个或十个的才能，一般的人数东西都是一个或最多两个一数，这样，你就可以比别人快5~10倍，训练方法是:将一堆杂乱的竹签散放在一起。每次强迫自己五根五根地数，训练十余次，很快你就掌握了这一数法，再训每次10根一数，不要很久，你就是数数高手了。一个人智商高低，从阅读可看出一些痕迹，阅读快的，智商相对要高，可以人为地训练一个人的阅读速度，也象上面数数的训练法一样，因为椐研究，人看东西时，并不是一字一字地看，一般人是一次看了3~5个字，再转到后面的，如果你被训练得一次能看10个或15个甚至更多。那么，你就会有常人不及的阅读速度。同理，你在"一目十行"的情况下，就会主要理解一段文章的中心内容，无关内容就会被省略，这样，你读书的目的就达到了，并且相对来说，你的记快产生的相对量远比别人少，负荷也比别人少，就会形成"一目十行，过目不忘"的局面。这样，你的智力通过阅读就会显现比别人高，达到这一点也并不难，只要几天或每次阅读时都强迫自己，就会有这种非常的效果了。同理，如果你能在"跑读"的同时看一段文章的意思。那么，你要记的速度和内容都比别人强。但要牢记这段文章，那也必须象训练"跑读"一样去训练。这种训练可称作"跑记"，跑记和呆记必须相结合，才可达到完美的境地。呆记是"死记"也就是将原文完整地背诵下来。跑记是将一篇文章的主要内容理解下来。人的一生可以用的知识99%都是跑记得来的，真正呆记的在现实中其用量是不多的。由此看来，学生学习不但要学习知识，更主要的是学习方法，方法可以看出一个人的智慧。知识国家已经划定，学习方法自己可以掌握。说白了，跑读的知识也得先有呆记，因为一个人首先是因为呆记文字开始人生漫长的道路的，没有呆记就没有跑读的成功。
美国人哈尼鲁宾说:注意你的思想，它们会变成你的言语;注意你的言语，它们会变成你的行为;注意你的行为，它们会变成你的习惯;注意你的习惯，它们会变成你的性格;注意你的性格，它会决定你的命运。我要加一句:注意你的环境，它会刺激你产生感觉;注意你的感觉，它会使你产生思维。附带说一下，我们人脑是因为和人体结合在一起才完美的，电脑之所以不完美，就是因为没有感觉的三点功能，没有生物钟的三点功能，没一个有象人体一样可以行动的"电体"，解决了这几个问题，我们的电脑就会胜过人类。集成块的发展将向立体、自动控温方向发展，而不是现在所做的向更快更稳更多的方向发展。
思块和能块是一对，就象哭和笑是一对一样，能块是对思块的一种表达，但不是百分之百地表达，因为人类的很多思维一般是不表达的，在一特定场合，你心里很反感对方，但是考虑到种种原因比如是你家的客或你的顶头上司，你在嘴上和脸上所表现的可就不一样了，那是为了博取对方的好感，这一切都是为了自己更好地生存下去。
思块和能块可以使人命过程产生相应变化，比如性思维可以引起妇女阴道的分泌物的产生等等。
提示
行为是提示的结果，如果没有提示，人类就不会产生行为。性交是性激素积累产生的提示性行为;吃饭是饥饿素提示的结果，在一些病理原因的作用下，饥饿不但不会产生，反而可以几天不食，并且不会出现饥饿感，在这种情况下，是因为饥饿素的产生被抑制造成的;排尿是排尿素提示的结果，以上提示是生命提示。还有一种提示是人命提示，那是思维中枢所产生的思块提示人体产生出各种各样的行为，再一种是环境提示，比如对方给你一个暗示性行为或语言，也可以使你产生行为。又比如环境中出现突发性事件，你可能由此产生的对应性行为。很多提示你不依人的意志为转移的，你必须时刻注意它们的发生。
分析能力、综合能力是两个不同的概念。
习惯
是思维的一种定式。当你还在做甲事时，你的思维可能已经定格在下面所要做的乙事上了，而这种定格决定了你下面所做事的过程，也决定了它们的速度，所以你不进行再思考，就会完成下面所做的事了，这就是习惯。习惯往往起省略的作用，这是减轻思维过程的一种行为，习惯在人的一生中起很大的作用，比如写文章就有大量的习惯发生，当你写一个字，后面的字在组成词，这种词的应用就是习惯，无须思考就可以写出来，比如蝴蝶的"蝴"，当你写完这个字，你除了给它加一个蝶字在后面，一般你是没词可组了，而写这个蝶字就是人的一种习惯大部分字都有很多习惯性词汇可组，比如"家"字，你可以将它变成家庭、家兔、家童等等，长一点的可以写"家庭幸福"、"家庭美好"、"家是我温馨的港湾"等等。这是写上面所发生的习惯。在行为和语言中，你也可以产生很多习惯。有的人习惯在说话时带"啊"等尾音，有的人可能长期甩动自己的头或肩，有的人走路时迈琐碎的小步，有的人吃饭时细嚼慢咽，有的人眼睛经常性眨，或者头经常性摆动，或者说话结巴，这些都是习惯，并且可以保持终生。
习惯一旦产生，就很难改变，要改变一个习惯，就等于从新建立一个新的习惯，建立一个新习惯就必须在大脑里建立一种新的秩序，发生一些新的神经细胞的联系，这种联系是很复杂的一个过程，比如行为的习惯的建立，必须有大脑、小脑和肌肉等的联系。并且这种联系一般多发生于人的幼年或青少年时期，人体生长发育一旦定格，就很难产生新的习惯了。不过在现实中，有的人在30多岁还可以产生一些习惯，依据习惯产生的时间来看，一个人越是习惯产生的时间晚，智商就越高，如果很多习惯在某人的中年时期产生，那么这个人的智商肯定很高，因为他的大脑还很容易建立新的联系。
疾病对行为思维的影响
人类在自身的发展过程中，一直在摸索怎样与疾病进行斗争，首先祖先们采取自然取物的方法治疗疾病，比如用一些草药和自然矿物质。后来用提取法，比如青霉素，这种获得1910年诺贝尔奖的类蛋白，经过近100年的发展，弊多于利，第一，它引起的过敏和死亡其严重的程度远非人们所想象，尤其在不能做皮试的动物界，每年至少要损失几亿美圆;第二，它在自然界繁衍了上亿年，按理地球上的细菌早被它消灭，但是，被人类使用100年，就使细菌产生了抗药性，使用之初只需几万单位，现在就是用上几百万个单位其疗效也不是很理想，其实，与其说是细菌的抗药性，到不如说是人类自身的原因，是人类的免疫系统正在降低它们的灵性，这里有个很有意思的现象:人类对它的过敏性没有丝毫降低，但是对它的治疗作用却可以降低。后来用合成药，如磺胺类。今后人类才会发现使用人体和动物体内的一些东西是最好的治病药，比如人工合成唾液中的杀菌物质来治疗一些疾病，又比如合成汗液、精液、血液中的一些杀菌物质。只有这些物质一没副作用、二没毒性，杀菌作用也是屈指可数的，比起自然物来。比如干扰素、溶菌酶、生长素等等。中草药也是发展方向之一，我就有很深的体会:1981年，我到湖南澧县澧西乡实习，当时正值春天，我从小就有的鼻子流血的毛病，其时我又发病了，一个当地的老中医给我开了一副中药，要我吃三副，因为一者我不信中医，一者我不爱吃里面的驴胶，所以我只吃了一副就停了，结果惊人的事情发生了，我流了20几年的鼻血，从此以后再也没有流了，到如今已经恢复20几年了。
第二个例子是益阳市浓缩饲料厂的厂长曾刚强，读大学时每晚盗汗不止，一晚要换几套衣服，看遍了大大小小的西医，就是没有办法，后来也是一个老中医开了一副《麻黄桂子汤》的加减，就彻底治逾了。
笔者儿子六岁时，将打枪用的火药，放在他的裤袋内，因为他拿时用力过猛，使火药燃烧，结果他的小手被烧得变成了有的黄色、有的黑色，起了很多很大的泡，他因痛而哭泣不止，当时到医院治疗，医生就是开了一点药，可是没有效果，我就带他到我市的一个私人烧伤病医院去看，医生先将他手上的泡用剪子剪开(这在医院是绝对不允许的)，然后贴上一种自制的中药贴剂，进去时，我儿子一直大哭不止，贴上出只五秒针，他就停止了哭，这药的特点就是立即止痛、不发炎、愈合后不留痕。
口臭是一种口臭菌在人类口腔的牙齿缝中生存繁殖的结果，腋臭、跨臭、脚臭和发臭都是细菌繁殖的结果，口臭用抑制厌氧菌的药物可以产生一定效果，没有口臭的人是因为在他的口腔内分泌了一种抑菌物质，有口臭的人是分泌的抑菌物质太弱或太少或口臭菌太厉害的缘故。
尿毒症一般是尿道感染后没有及时治疗所引起的一种症状，这种病的发生与个人卫生有很大的关系，女人最易得这种病，大部分女人都是因为男人的不良性行为而受害的，女人如果懂得怎样保护自己，一般是不会得此病的。
出汗是一种行为，它是人体本身或外界环境刺激的结果，比如，当你处在高温环境中，你的汗就会源源不断地流，或者当你晚上睡觉的时候，因为你的身体的原因可能出现盗汗、冷汗等等现象，这些现象是感觉引起的一种保护性行为。
近视和远视是眼部肌肉被改变的结果，近视是眼睛角膜体被一种丝状原虫浸患后，由眼部肌肉病变而引起，我们知道任何病源微生物引起疾病，都可以伴有肌肉行为的改变，因为近视患者一般在眼睛里都可以看到自己的这种眼虫，并且眼虫越多，近视就越高，但是一个人的眼虫并不是无节制地大量繁衍的，它的变化并不是很大，笔者曾经对很多近视患者进行过调查，在他们的视野里，一般都有很多象豆角一样的、相连或单独的、透明的、分节的虫体存在，这种虫体还会随着你眼睛的移动而移动，不过它们的移动要超过你的视线，再缓缓地回到它原来的位置。要防治近视唯一的办法就是从小不共用毛巾和脸盆，在接触小孩眼睛时，大人的双手要严格消毒。近视是眼部肌肉绷紧的结果，远视是眼部肌肉松弛的结果。远视是人体老化的原因，根据人体的真
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Bura Naa Koye
Aag Jo Lagi Samand Mein, Dhuan Na
So Jane Jo Jarmua, Jaki Lagi Hoye
Aasa Jive Jag Marey, Log Marey
Soyee Sube Dhan Sanchate, So
Ubrey Jey Khayee
Aisee Vani Boliye, Mun Ka Aapa
Apna Tan Sheetal Kare, Auran
Ko Sukh Hoye
● Kabir's legacy continues to be carried forward
by the Kabir panth ("Path of Kabir"), a
religious community that recognises him as
its founder and is one of the Sant Mat sects
● Kabir's literature legacy was championed by
two of his disciples, Bhāgodās and
● Songs of Kabir were collected by Kshitimohan
Sen from mendicants across India, these
were then translated to English by
● Kabir has been criticised for his depiction of
women. According to Kabir, a woman
prevents man's spiritual progress.
● Woman ruins everything when she comes
near man; Devotion, liberation, and divine
knowledge no longer enter his soul.
- Kabir, Translated by Nikky-Guninder Kaur<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>WHY does the Moon look the same size as the Sun in the sky? This coincidence,
which makes the spectacle of total eclipses possible, has been crying out for an
explanation. Now an astronomer in Seattle has proposed one. If he’s right, there
is a surprising connection between the conditions required for a total eclipse
and for the emergence of intelligent life.
The coincidence in the apparent sizes of the Moon and the Sun occurs because
the Sun, though 400 times bigger than the Moon, is also 400 times farther away.
In fact, the Moon sometimes looks a shade bigger than the Sun, which is
essential for a “perfect eclipse” when the sky is dark enough for you to see the
Sun’s faint outer atmosphere, or corona.
Because tidal effects cause the Moon to slowly recede from the Earth, perfect
eclipses have been visible only for about 150 million years and will continue
for only another 150 million years, about 5 per cent of the current age of the
Earth. Furthermore, Earth is the only planet in our Solar System where a perfect
eclipse is visible, although there are 64 other moons.
So are we just extraordinarily lucky? Guillermo Gonzalez of the University of
Washington in Seattle thinks not. He points out that our distance from the Sun,
and hence its apparent size, is a necessary condition for us to be here. “If we
were a little nearer or farther from the Sun, the Earth would be too hot or too
cold and so uninhabitable,” says Gonzalez.
At the same time our existence depends on an unusually large moon since its
pull stops the Earth wobbling around too much on its axis and causing wild and
catastrophic swings in climate like those on Mars. Our Moon, which is unusually
large compared to those in almost all other planet-moon systems, probably formed
from molten material blasted from the Earth during the impact of a giant body
more than 4 billion years ago.
In the current issue of Astronomy & Geophysics (vol 40, p 3.18),
Gonzalez points out that the way the Moon formed means it started off very close
to the Earth and has taken several billion years to move far enough away until
it precisely covers the Sun during an eclipse. “The timescale is very similar to
that of the appearance of intelligent life,” he says. “It is therefore not such
a big coincidence that we are around at the time when it is possible to see
Gonzalez’s explanation has generated much interest among astronomers, though
most remain cautious. “The timescale argument of Gonzalez needs more checking,”
says John Barrow of the University of Sussex.
If Gonzalez is right, then all extraterrestrials, wherever they are, are
likely to live on planets like ours that experience total eclipses. But since an
unusually large Moon is rare, he says, this suggests that both ETs and total
eclipses are very rare indeed.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Precocious. That was the single adjective used to describe a child displaying some natural talent straying from the normal. A generational leap later, I am not so sure that the word holds the meaning it used to. Every second toddler these days seems to display a natural likeness for things digital. So, it is easy to assume that they will take to computers as a fish takes to water.
For the average kid (I won’t talk about someone like Lim Ding Wen here, though I will use his cute photo as the thumbnail alongside), computers and smartphones are fun tools. Education comes much later. Getting a kid excited about programming might take some doing because logic needs a bit of time to develop. It is imagination and creativity which arrive first. That’s where the crux of these ten tools lie…using creative tools to get children excited about programming.
Just to illustrate the potential of creative teaching that should help to light the fire, here’s a TED Talk by Conrad Wolfram. Slightly unrelated, but do watch it to understand why kids (once, you and me too) lose interest in mathematics. It will also explain the dire need to take instructions out of their rigid strictures and throw them into the real world and everyday living. He advocates using programming to teach math. And thus, make it more fun, instead of forcing them to learn a subject.
10 Tools That Should Help With Learning Programming Creatively
From games to programming tools, from logic to intuition, let’s take a gander at ten tools that should help to show that programming is not all about functions and loops. Here are the honorable mentions (restricted to ten programming tools).
Learn cool things about: Control structures in programming with the help of basic datatypes like words, lists, and arrays.
Logo is one of the oldest educational programming languages. It was created in 1967 for educational use and can be used to teach the basic of computer science. It is well known for its implementation of Turtle Graphics. From its early days, it has evolved and branched out into different versions for all operating systems. For instance, Elica is a Windows implementation which advances Logo into areas of 3d animation. The Turtle Academy is a nice resource for some hands on learning with this functional programming language. There are many resources like Turtle Logo and to tap into.
What a child might like: Teaching the turtle with movement and location commands to draw basic shapes and line graphics.
Learn cool things about: Visual interactivity without learning programming syntax.
You cannot argue with 3,000,000 documented projects. Scratch has a worldwide community to boast of and therein lies the richness of learning. With Scratch, you can create interactive stories, animations, and even games. Here, let me direct you to a previous in-depth look into Scratch and just why kids might love it.
What a child might like: The scope to imagine things without learning about complicated programming concepts. Just drag and drop the sprites.
Learn cool things about: Object oriented concepts with programmable scripts.
EToys is similar to Scratch in that it is a media enriched visual tool for creating cool computer programs. The idea behind the project is to foster creative and critical thinking. EToys runs as a standalone program and also in browsers (with the plug-in) across all platforms. EToys is extensible globally because it is available in several languages and is Open Source. Interestingly, it was first developed at Apple and has been universally used in the One Laptop per Child project.
What a child might like: 2D and 3D graphics supported by text, images, and sound files which can be made interactive and combined with help of easy scripts.
Learn cool things about: Programmable scripts and how a program flows from one step to the next.
What a child might like: Drag and drop script blocks in the browser. Script blocks are described in simple English.
Learn cool things about:
The programming environment has the fun element with cartoons and animated characters. The full version is a 126 MB free download and runs on all versions of Windows and Mac (with Virtual PC). The site expresses it best – Inside of ToonTalk’s animated world you will build and run all sorts of computer programs. While learning how to program you will face challenging puzzles, express your creativity, learn new ways to solve problems, and have loads of fun!
ToonTalk version 3.0 is now free.
What a child might like: Play the puzzle games to see how things are built on ToonTalk.
Learn cool things about: How solving a puzzle in the most efficient way develops structured thinking.
Today, it’s more likely a kid will have an iPad in his hand rather than a laptop. Cargo -Bot is actually a free iPad puzzle and logic game which was developed on Codea. You have to ‘teach’ a robot arm on a platform how to move a bunch of crates across 36 different puzzles. Cargo-Bot is more about logic rather than pure programming. But if you succeed (and it is not easy to do so), you will have learnt a lot about structured thinking. Codea itself is a recommended app if you want to learn about developing apps for iOS. It’s a $9.99 investment which should give a return in knowledge if not anything else.
What a child might like: It’s a game that teaches programming without the child realizing it.
Learn cool things about: Ruby.
If you want to make your child learn a specific programming language, Ruby is a good choice. It is an object oriented language and a majority of web apps (e.g. Amazon and Twitter) are also coded with it. It is a simple language because the syntax is comparatively intuitive and has fewer command calls. It works on all operating systems and is free. There is also a huge community out there teaching and learning the language. The screencast tutorials, games, and examples at Ruby for Kids should be a firm stepping stone for adults and kids alike.
What a child might like How you can use Ruby to develop web games.
Learn cool things about: Learn computer programming the old fashioned way; by also understanding the hardware.
For those who came in late, Raspberry Pi is a credit-card sized computer that can be programmed to be used just like a desktop PC. It was developed as a low cost solution to teach computer science at schools. Raspberry Pi has many interesting uses and every day the community behind it comes up with a novel one. The Raspberry Pi platform uses Open Source hardware and software and is perfectly placed for young geeky minds to exploit them to the hilt. But how is it being used in schools currently? The Raspberry Foundation site gives us a few clues.
What a child might like: How about learning how to program in an hour?
Learn cool things about: How to program a robot and thus the basics of robotics.
RoboMind is a programming and educational tool with its own scripting language called ROBO. The compact and simple language does not require prior knowledge. The programming objective is to make a virtual robot move around on a two-dimensional grid and exhibit simple actions. It teaches the learner the common principles of programming that can be applied anywhere. It is available as a free download for Windows, Mac OS X, and Linux.
What a child might like: Learning the basics of artificial intelligence and later using it on real world robots like the kits available from LEGO Mindstorms NXT 2.0.
Teaching kids how to code and program is pretty much a part of edutainment now. For today’s society, it is important that its citizens learn to look beyond the comfort of applications and appliances and understand how they really work. We know how to use computers, but we should also know how to program them. So, at stake is all the innovation that has yet to happen. As this in-depth CNN article says, “computer class” can’t be about teaching kids to use today’s software; it must be about teaching kids to make tomorrow’s software.
Do you agree?<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>روایت سردار قاسم سلیمانی از سه توصیه رهبر انقلاب به سید حسن نصرالله در جنگ ۳۳ روزه
صحبت از حاج رضوان که به میان آمد، آرامآرام رنگ صدایش عوض شد. گفت امروز در کشور ما کلمهی سردار و امیر عرف شده است اما حقیقتاً یک سردار به معنای واقعی، شهید عماد مغنیه بود.
گفتگو با سردار سرلشکر سلیمانی<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>目前，亨特·拜登的律師並沒有回應。
韋斯在給地區法官瑪麗蓮·諾雷卡（Maryellen Noreika）報告中寫道，「政府打算在該日期之前（9月29日）對此案提出起訴。」
今年7月，諾雷卡拒絕了一項本可以解決稅務和槍支指控的認罪協議。
根據提議的認罪協議，亨特·拜登將承認在2017年至2018年期間，未繳納150萬美元收入的稅款，但就非法持有槍支和吸毒的重罪暫緩起訴。
總統拜登將在2024年11月競選連任時，很可能與前總統川普（Donald Trump）對壘。如果此案進入審判階段，他的兒子面臨刑事起訴，被指可能被拖後腿。
新唐人電視台記者尚敬紐約報導<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>پنجم آذر ۱۳۴۶، در تهران چشم به جهان گشود. پدرش داوود، نگهبان پارک شهر بود و مادرش،زلیخا نام داشت. تا پایان سوم راهنمایی درس خواند. به عنوان سرباز ارتش در جبهه حضور یافت. سوم خرداد ۱۳۶۷، در سومار بر اثر اصابت ترکش توسط نیروهای عراقی شهید شد. مزار او در بهشت زهرای تهران واقع است.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>L’uguaglianza di genere è una vittoria: La campagna #BreakZeroSum 2023 della Women’s Foundation.
La Women’s Foundation (TWF) ha lanciato una campagna video #BreakZeroSum volta a creare una società in cui tutti possano crescere insieme sfuggendo dalla mentalità a somma zero “tu vinci: io perdo”. L’uguaglianza di genere, la competitività e lo sviluppo di Hong Kong sono strettamente correlati. I vantaggi sono evidenti e consolidati: famiglie più felici, risultati migliori per le imprese in generale e un’economia più forte. Le statistiche dell’ultimo trimestre mostrano che solo il 48% delle donne e il 64% degli uomini hanno un lavoro. Molti stati vicini, come Singapore, Corea del Sud, Cina continentale, Australia e Giappone, hanno numeri più bassi. Rispetto agli uomini, le donne sono dieci volte più propense ad occuparsi dei lavori domestici che risultano essere uno dei principali ostacoli all’occupazione.
Il divario retributivo di genere è pari al 15%, il che significa che per ogni 10 dollari,guadagnati da un uomo, una donna guadagna solo 8,5 dollari di Hong Kong. Queste sono solo alcune delle numerose disparità di genere che ancora esistono in una varietà di contesti, tra cui la sicurezza, la salute mentale, la povertà e lo sviluppo del lavoro. I risultati sono notevoli quando le persone e le organizzazioni si sforzano di comprendere in che modo la disuguaglianza di genere danneggia le persone di tutti i sessi, identificano le aree in cui potrebbero perpetuare pregiudizi e tentano di incoraggiare e cambiare la situazione. Non è mai stato così cruciale avere una forza lavoro diversificata che si senta a proprio agio, riconosciuta e ascoltata per mettere sul tavolo la propria gamma completa di competenze.
Le disuguaglianze ed i pregiudizi di genere rappresentano uno dei principali ostacoli al raggiungimento di questo obiettivo. Le persone di tutti i sessi devono dare l’esempio di inclusività per accelerare il progresso. Si tratta di un compito impegnativo ed in continua evoluzione che richiede una trasformazione sia individuale che organizzativa.È importante essere alleati. Evitare di usare espressioni, battute o allusioni culturali che rafforzano gli stereotipi di genere e parlare in un modo che includa tutti i sessi. Quando qualcuno sente qualcun altro mantenere degli stereotipi, è essenziale agire immediatamente. Avviare discussioni sulle cause della disuguaglianza di genere e aiutare gli altri a comprenderne i vantaggi.
Il pensiero a somma zero, in cui le persone ritengono che promuovere i diritti e le prospettive di un genere ridurrà e svaluterà un altro, rappresenta un grosso ostacolo al progresso. La campagna video #BreakZeroSum vuole evidenziare che l’uguaglianza di genere è una situazione vantaggiosa per tutti piuttosto che un gioco a somma zero. La mentalità della somma zero è comune ad Hong Kong, secondo uno studio di TWF con IPSOS: il 38% degli uomini e il 52% delle donne pensano che l’uguaglianza di genere sia una questione femminile e gli uomini dovrebbero tenersi da parte. Allo stesso modo, il 47% degli uomini ed il 29% delle donne ritiene che le donne traggano i maggiori benefici da una società basata sull’uguaglianza di genere. Tutti i generi sono incoraggiati a fungere da modelli di pensiero inclusivo e ad assicurarsi che l’intera gamma di voci diverse sia presa in considerazione nello sviluppo di opportunità e politiche eque.
Argomenti: disuguaglianze di genere a Hong Kong, divario retributivo tra uomini e donne a Hong Kong, mentalità a somma zero nella società, vantaggi dell’uguaglianza di genere, Women’s Foundation e inclusività
Ciao! My name is Dominique. I’m Italian and I’m proud to be a mix. My father was an Italian chemical engineer and high school teacher, with Greek and Polish heritage. My mother is Haitian, she was high school language teacher, with Dominican, Spanish, French, Portuguese, African and Native American heritage. Being a mix makes me appreciate to want to understand different cultures and lifestyles. I grew up in Italy, lived few years in Haiti, travel around main European capitals, lived seven years in China, six in Spain and UK. Traveling makes me feel that we can learn something from every situation in every part of the world.
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فکر این قضیه را پسرک توی مغزم انداخت. همان شب اسباب کشی، وسایل را که آوردیم، روی مبل ولو شد و با هیجان زل زد به خانه که چقدر اینجا به درد خانه ی دانشجویی می خورد (اصطلاح آلمانی اش را گفت اما خب چند نفر علاقه دارند بعد از خواندن وبلاگ آلمانی یاد بگیرند؟!) مثلا اگر این دیوار فرضی ِ بین اتاقت و پذیرایی، دیوار واقعی بود، می شد که سه نفری اینجا زندگی کرد.
همین شد که دماغ جفتمان که از نظر اقتصادی چسبید به زمین، من شروع کردم به وسوسه اش: بیا و یک نفر دیگر را هم، موقت یا دائم صدا کنیم تا بیاید اینجا. هر بار هم درباره اش بحث کردیم، نتیجه این شد که زندگی الانمان خیلی خوب است و حیف است خرابش کنیم. یک آدم جدید که فقط یک آدم نیست. هزار و یک دردسر دارد.
دیشب بلاخره زنگ زد یکی از دوستاش که این دو ماهی که موقت دنبال خانه ای، بیا اینجا. اگر بخواهیم این کار را بکنیم، اتاق هایمان عوض می شود. اتاق سمت راستی یک کمد دیواری بزرگ اضافه دارد و اتاق من یک کتابخانه ی گنده ی ده بخشی. اتاق او چهارچوب بسته دارد و اتاق من آفتاب زیاد. از آنها که می شود توش ولو شوی و بگذاری پوستت بسوزد و بخندی. یا موهای خیس ات رو ولو کنی روی تخت که بگویی که آخیش! خودش تاب خورده خشک شود.
دوست دارم منطقی باشم که با وضعیت نامشخص الان، این کار کمکی است به هر دویمان. هر چند کمک بیشتری به هم خانه جان است. کنارش؟ برای خودم ادا در میاورم که تو که اینطور جانت بسته به جان اتاق و چهارچوب زندگیت است، اینطور تعارف کردنت چیست؟
من؟ دلم برای ذره ذره ی خانه ام غش می رود. آنقدر که معصومانه و بی دلیل، خواستنی است....
دستم را به علامت هیس، جمع کرده ام جلوی صورتم و دارم می خندم. از کل خاطره، فقط همین ژست و صدای خنده ام یادم مانده. یادم نیست زمانش کی بود. کجا بودیم و چه کسی همراهم بود. از کل یک روز، یک صدای قهقهه ی آزاد نشده و خنده ی شیطنت آمیز و یک عالمه برق شادی یادم مانده. آنقدر که بقیه ی اتفاقات در تاریکی فرو رفته.
آدم است دیگر، گاهی به همین تکرار صداهای شاد زنده است....
یک بخش خواب، رفتم که حمام کنم. چرا حمام کردن انقدر در خواب های من اهمیت دارد؟ چرا یکی از دو یا سه تم بسیار تکرار شونده ی خواب هاست؟ دانشگاه، دریا، حمام. رفتم که حمام کنم و مرزهای حمام، آنقدر از ابتدایی که بهش وارد شدم تا انتهایی که قصد خروج داشتم تکان خورد و بزرگ شد که از یک چهار دیواری ِ سفید، به سازه ای تبدیل شد که می دانستم انتهاش را نمی شود دید.
مرزها سریع تر از آنچه بتوانم بشناسمشان گسترش پیدا کرده بودند....
هیچ تصمیمی اونقدر مهم نیست که خودت رو به خاطرش عذاب بدی.
هیچ تصمیمی اونقدر مهم نیست که خودت رو به خاطرش عذاب بدی.
هیچ تصمیمی اونقدر مهم نیست که خودت رو به خاطرش عذاب بدی....
خورش بامیه فقط یک خورشت نیست. معجونی است برای تخیل شما. به طوری که می توانید در حین خوردنش حتی به محتویات بینی نهنگ هم فکر کنید. در اینصورت تمام تمرکزتان بر روی برنگرداندن محتویات معده تان خواهد رفت. تضمین می کنم که با این روش نه تنها از خوردنش لذت نمی برید، بلکه دل درد هم خواهید گرفت.
مرزهایتان را با احتیاط جا به جا کنید....
بامیه - خورش شده اش - شبیه لاروهای سبز قورباغه است که در خون خودش پخته باشد. حالا گیریم به جای خون، رب گوجه فرنگی را در روغن و پیاز تفت بدهی. لزجی بامیه شبیه سر خوردن روده های قورباغه های پخته روی زبان است. از لای دندان ها له شوند، روی زبان پخش شود و اگر خوب نجویده باشی اش، پوست سبز کمی پرز دارش انگار دست و پای ریزی باشد که به گلوت می چسبد و بعد پایین می رود.آن قدر منزجر کننده که نمی شود موقع خوردنش چشم هات را ببندی.
مرزهای اخلاقی ام آنقدر جا به جا شده که دوباره باید تمام نفرت های زندگیم را زندگی کنم. شاید اینبار جهت گیری متفاوتی داشتم....
مثلا یک روز، جالب ترین خبرت می شود اینکه مرد جذاب استرالیایی، ژولیان آسانژ هنوز در سفارت اکوادور در لندن است.
از این فاصله شبیه یک زندانی به نظر می آید....
گفت که نمی شناسمت. دور شدی. شلوغ شدی. دیگر اینطور نیست که انگار هر دو تا یکجور فکر می کنیم. این عبارت "شلوغ شدی" بدجور می ترساند من را. از همین جا شروع کردیم به حرف زدن.
بعد نشستیم در مورد جزئیات ریز زندگیمان تعریف کردن. همین که خانه شان روی تپه است. روبروی خانه را تاکستان کاشته اند. ده صبح یکشنبه ها صدای ناقوس کلیسا بلند می شود. بعد تر فهمیدم که پایین تر خانه شان یک رودخانه دارند. یک نهر لاغر همان نزدیکی خانه سرازیر است. از شیب تپه یک اتوبوس بالا می آید و راه، پیچ در پیچ است.
فهمیدم استادشان برایشان کلاس رقص گذاشته بوده و اجازه داشتند انتخاب کنند پیشانی به پیشانی برقصند یا چیک تو چیک و یا با فاصله ی چند سانتی. فهمیدم توی جمع سه تایی مان، منم که پیشانی به پیشانی بودن را ترجیح می دهم. فهمیدم کره بادام خورده اند. عصاره ی شکوفه ی پرتقال. که شیرینی های ایتالیایی دوست دارند و فهمیدم دختری هنوز در پسر مجردی که می بیند به فکر پیدا کردن پارتنر برای من می افتد. همین شد که لیست پسرهای مجرد حسابی هم کلاسی اش را هم فهمیدم.
فهمیدم یک سری آدم ها عزیزند. این ربطی به فاصله ندارد. فهمیدم آن خطوط دوستی چندین سال قبلمان هنوز محکم و عمیق به جا مانده. فهمیدم جای من خالی است آنجا. همانطور که من به نبودشان هنوز عادت نکرده ام. فهمیدم هنوز آن امید کمرنگ، که دور هم جمع می شویم توی دل هایمان هست.
فهمیدم یک سری ها را بیشتر از توانت دوست داری و کاریش نمی شود کرد. این را از جزئیات زندگیشان نفهمیدم. یا از ریزه کاری های زندگی خودم. دست هام که وقت چت کردن خیس شدند و دیدم بدون اینکه بفهمم چطور گریه ام گرفته، آن وقت فهمیدم....
برام نوشت که یادت هست؟ من و "س" همان روزها هم باهات صحبت می کردیم که بیخیال شو. که آخر فیزیک هم خواندن دارد؟ پافشاری دارد؟ براش نوشتم که هنوز همان کتابی که دوتایی دستمان گرفتیم و خواندیم و همه چیز در من شروع شد، به هیجانم می اندازد. تعجب کرد که راستی؟
حواسم اما، رفت سمت "س". آخرین پسرکی (پسری، مردی، مذکری) که به طور رسمی و به جهان اعلام شده، برای من بود. حتی یادم رفته بود چنین بحث هایی هم کرده ایم. یادم رفته بود که آیا در جهانم حضور مفید ذهنی هم داشت یا نه. بی انصافی است؟ می دانم که آخرین دختر ِ خارج از بند زندگیش بودم.
آدم ها شبیه تخته های چوب ِ روی جریان آب اند. در حرکت، در کشاکش و در حضور. این بی اعتنایی و فراموشی غیر تعمدی ناراحتم می کند....
عرضم به حضورتان یک بحرانی هست به نام بحران بیست و پنج سالگی حتی!نگاه می کنی و می بینی که سی و پنج روز دیگر بیست و پنج ساله ای و در دست هات چه داری؟ مقادیری زرشک، کمی کشک و دیگر هیچ!...
روزنامه ی بهار یک مقاله ی خوب چاپ کرده در مورد مسائل پی ام اس. بعد از یک هفته ی زهرمار ِ پر درد و پر تنش، بعد از بستن اکانت یکی دیگر از جامعه های مجازی بعد از یک بگو مگوی شاید خیلی ساده، و بعد از آشفته کردن ِ تا سر حد ِ مرگ ِ اتاقم، کشف کردیم که شاید همه اش دلیل کمبود روی، آهن، کلسیم و افتضاح بودن وضعیت تغذیه ام باشد.
من از این "در بند ِ تن" بودن متنفرم و انگار هیچ گریزی ازش نیست....
آخرین بخش های دفتر خاطراتم، خط کشیده ام و بالاش نوشته ام که: بابا گفت بیا حرف بزنیم. خرداد نود و یک. بعد ننوشته امش. سمتش نرفته ام و تمام.
حالا، از مرداد امسال شروع کرده ام به نوشتن. کم به کم، سر بخورم و بروم عقب. این یکسال و دو ماهی که انقدر سرشار از زندگی بوده را، از دید ِ خودم برای آینده ام ننوشتم. کلمات وبلاگ یا نوشته های جامعه های مجازی، آنقدر سرشار از سانسور است که گاهی خودم را هم گیج می کند.
گریخته ام انگار.
بعد، حالا وقت مناسبی است برایم که بنویسم. انگار می شود حالا، با زندگی ایی که انقدر به سرعت گذرانده امش، روبرو شوم....
عمیق تر که شاید نه، اما به وضوح آرام تر شده ام. صدای جهان اطرافم که کمی یواش می شود، و یا حتی گاهی در میان هیاهو، قدرت عجیب سکوتم شگفت زده ام می کند. در کنارش؟ به خیال خودم ایمن تر شده ام. شبیه یکی از آن قلعه های تنهای در کناره ی دریای طوفانی. شاید که خود ساختمان قلعه نا امن باشد و هر لحظه امکان از بین رفتنش در بین حوادث و طوفان ها باشد، اما ساکنینش پشت به دیوارهای خوبی دارند.
به گمانم در حد توانم، برای آدم هایی که در این روزها به دنیام راه می دهم آرامش دارم.
یا شاید بهتر باشد بگویم که فقط آرامش دارم.
و نه هیچ چیز دیگر....
لینک دونی وبلاگ رو خیلی وقته که باید مرتب کنم. یک سری آدم هام هستند که نمی نویسند و یک سری دیگر که بسته شده اند و غیره. کار از یک گردگیری خفیف وسط فصل گذشته. شبیه یک دیوار فروریخته شده.
متن هاش رو پاک کرده بوده و من نفهمیده بودم. با تمام لذتی که خوندن نوشته های گاه به گاهش داشت. با تمام کیفی که می کردم، وقتی می دیدم که چطور، کجا، من رو چطور می نویسه....
کمی جامعه ی مجازی این روزهام را کم کردم. بیشتر برگشتم سراغ وبلاگستان. آن نوشته هاییش که بی پروا از زندگی می نویسند و آن کلماتی اش که لفافه می شوند و تجربه ها را درونشان می پیچند و با اشاره، کلام می بافند.
دلم نوشتن می خواهد، بیشتر از نوشتن، خواندن. انگار که این دو در کنار هم، جهانی برای فتح کردن اند. جهانی بر شانه هایم....<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Ci sono 46 contenuti per questo argomento
E quando usciamo inciampiamo nelle stelle... perché le stelle ormai quasi non le vediamo più.
Nascerà qui al ristorante "L'orologio", ritrovo di artisti, e sarà per sempre una squadra di grande talento. Questa notte splendida darà i colori al nostro stemma: il nero e l'azzurro sullo sfondo d'oro delle stelle. Si chiamerà Internazionale, perché noi siamo fratelli del mondo. [Milano, 9 marzo 1908]
Di F.C. Inter
Fidati del tuo cuore se il mare prende fuoco (e vivi per amore anche se le stelle camminano all'indietro)
Io parto per strappare una stella al cielo e poi, per paura del ridicolo, mi chino a raccogliere un fiore.
Voi stelle che regnaste alla mia nascita, | La cui influenza ha disposto la morte e l'inferno.
Ho teso corde da campanile a campanile, ghirlande da finestra a finestra catene d'oro da stella a stella, e danzo.
Guarderai le stelle la notte. [...] La mia sarà per te una delle stelle. Allora, tutte le stelle, ti piacerà guardarle, tutte saranno tue amiche.
Se tu vuoi bene ad un fiore che sta in una stella, è dolce, la notte, guardare il cielo. Tutte le stelle sono fiorite.
Di Antoine de Saint-Exupéry
Che si tratti di una casa, delle stelle o del deserto, quello che fa la loro bellezza è invisibile.
Di Antoine de Saint-Exupéry
"Quando tu guarderai il cielo, la notte, visto che io abiterò in una di esse, visto che io riderò in una di esse, allora sarà per te come se tutte le stelle ridessero. Tu avrai, tu solo, delle stelle che sanno ridere!" E rise ancora. "E quando ti sarai consolato (ci si consola sempre), sarai contento di avermi conosciuto. Sarai sempre il mio amico. Avrai voglia di ridere con me. E aprirai a volte la finestra, così, per il piacere... E i tuoi amici saranno stupiti di vederti ridere guardando il cielo. Allora tu dirai: "Sì, le stelle mi fanno sempre ridere!" e ti crederanno pazzo. "T'avrò fatto un brutto scherzo..." E rise ancora. "Sarà come se t'avessi dato, invece delle stelle, mucchi di sonagli che sanno ridere..."
Di Antoine de Saint-Exupéry
Mi domando se le stelle sono illuminate perché ognuno possa un giorno trovare la sua.
Di Antoine de Saint-Exupéry<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Power consumption is a hot topic — from laptop, to datacenter. Recently, the Linux kernel has made huge steps forward in power conservation, thanks to tickless kernels.
Power consumption is a hot topic — from laptop, to datacenter. Recently, the Linux kernel has made huge steps forward in power conservation. This article focuses on the so-called “tickless idle” feature being integrated into the 2.6.21 and 2.6.23 kernel versions.
How to Save Power
Before explaining some of the improvements the kernel has undergone in the last few months, it’s useful to list some general power-saving strategies and techniques:
*Turn the device off when not in use. Obviously, when a component isn’t used, the operating system should turn it off as much as possible.
*Create long idle time between activities. Processors (but also disks and other components) have several degrees of power-saving when idle. If a component is idle for a long time, it can go into the deepest possible power-saving state; but if it’s only idle for a short time, it can only go into a shallow power-saving state.
Each type of component defines what’s meant by “long time.” For processors, a “long time” is roughly twenty milliseconds. For disks, a “long time” is about two seconds. While the scale differs, the net effect is the same: it’s better to do all the work in one step than to perform several smaller steps.
Several of the new kernel improvements center around processors, so it’s appropriate to explain the so-called C-states present in contemporary (mobile) processors from the various vendors.
“C-states” is a term derived from the ACPI specification. The basic idea is that a processor, when it’s not executing instructions, can save power in several ways, called “states”. Each state has a different tradeoff, balancing power-saving versus latency and performance.
Table One is an example taken from the Intel Core 2 Duo processor datasheet. While these power consumption numbers denote the maximum possible (or “TDP”) values and not actual values as you will see them on your laptop, the metrics give a reasonable indication of the differences in power usage in various C-states.
||Max Power consumption
|C0 (busy wait)
||35 Watts (TDP)
While the power is reduced for higher number (deeper) C-states, this power reduction comes at a price. The deeper the C-state, the longer it takes to leave it, and the more energy this transition costs.
For example, if your computer is going in and out of idle at a high frequency (say every millisecond), and the kernel decides to go to the C3 or C4 state during the short idle periods, it could easily take the processor 185 microseconds to wake up. In addition, the wakeup would consume more energy than it conserved during its very brief resting period. However, had the kernel decided to use the C2 state, the processor would come out of its nap in maybe ten microseconds. While C2 in a steady state uses much more power than the C4 state, the energy costs to going into or out of C2 are much lower, so for this scenario, C2 would actually be more energy efficient.
Now, if your system is actually idle for longer periods of time, say 20 milliseconds, then C4 becomes the clear winner; the one time energy cost of the transition is dwarfed by the difference in energy savings
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ک آرایی دوبلور پیشکسوت درگذشت
شهروز ملک آرایی، صداپیشه پیشکسوت پس از تحمل دورهای بیماری در ۸۱ سالگی در بیمارستان بهمن تهران درگذشت.
از نقش گوییهای برجسته و محبوب وی میتوان از شخصیت کاپیتان لینچ در کارتون ماجراهای گالیور و آقای ووپی در کارتون تنسی تاکسیدو نام برد. از دیگر آثار دوبله وی میتوان به سریال افسانه جومونگ (موپالمو آهنگر)، امپراتور دریا (مک بن)، گروه پلیس (ستوان جوزپه اینگرجولا). افسانه دونگی (رئیس کانون نوازندگان) و … اشاره کرد.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>بیروت — لبنان بالاتر شورای دفاع از توصیه به دولت در روز پنج شنبه به گسترش این کشور در ماه coronavirus خاموش کردن توسط دو هفته دیگر تا مارس 26.
دولت انتظار دارد که به تصمیم گیری در یک جلسه در روز پنج شنبه. این شورا همچنین خواستار سرکوب نقض مستند و یک شبه حکومت نظامی.
یک گزارش دولت در روز چهارشنبه با قرار دادن تعدادی از عفونت در 575 با 19 مرگ و میر. (گزارش شده توسط الن فرانسیس; ویرایش توسط آلیسون ویلیامز)<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Bakanlık dev alımı doğruladı
Milli Savunma Bakanlığı, Türkiye'nin ABD'den Patriot alacağı ve ABD hükümetinin bu konuda Kongre'den izin için başvuruda bulunduğu haberlerine ilişkin bir açıklama yaparak, "Adaylar tarafından teklif verilebilmesi için ilgili devletlerin 'ön izinlerini almış bulunmaları' teklife çağrı dosyasının gereğidir" denildi. Açıklamada, Uzun Menzilli Bölge Hava ve Füze Savunma Sistemi Projesi'nin Türk Silahlı Kuvvetleri'nin 10 yıllık tedarik planı çerçevesinde ve Savunma Sanayi İcra Komitesi'nin 30 Haziran 2006 tarihli kararı uyarınca başlatıldığı hatırlatıldı. Projenin, Milli Savunma Bakanlığı Sanayi Müsteşarlığı'nca yürütüldüğü ifade edilen açıklamada, şunlara yer verildi: "Teklife çağrı dosyası, Cpmiec/Çin Halk Cumhuriyeti, Rosoboronexport/Rusya Federasyonu, Raytheon/ABD ve Lockheed Martin/ABD firmalarına ve kuruluşlarına, ilgili talep mektubu ise ABD hükümetine 8 Nisan 2009'da yayımlanmış ve ihale süreci başlamıştır. Aday firmalar/kuruluşlar tarafından teklif verilebilmesi için ilgili devletlerin 'ön izinlerini almış bulunmaları' teklife çağrı dosyasının bir gereğidir. ABD Savunma Bakanlığı'nın 9 Eylül 2009 tarihli açıklaması, verilecek teklif için ABD Kongresi onayını alabilmek üzere yaptığı başvuruya ilişkindir.''<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>طی توافق صحا با بیمه ایران کاهش نرخ حق بیمه تسهیلات و ضمانتنامههای صندوق حمایت از تحقیقات و توسعه صنایع الکترونیک محقق شد.
*** توافق بر کاهش نرخ حق بیمه تسهیلات صحا
به گزارش خبرگزاری صنایع، صندوق حمایت از تحقیقات و توسعه صنایع الکترونیک (صحا) وزارت صنعت، معدن و تجارت در راستای حمایت و پشتیبانی از شرکتهای فناور و دانشبنیان خصوصی فعال در صنعت الکترونیک کشور و با هدف تسهیل سازوکار اعطای تسهیلات و پشتیبانی حداکثری از متقاضیان، ضمن توافق با شرکت بیمه ایران موفق به کاهش نرخ حق بیمه تسهیلات و ضمانت نامههای صادره به متقاضیان شد.
*** میزان کاهش نرخ حق بیمه
بر اساس ضوابط و مقررات صحا، متقاضیان درخواست تسهیلات و ضمانتنامههای صندوق حمایت از تحقیقات و توسعه صنایع الکترونیک باید جهت اخذ این خدمات نسبت پوشش بیمه آنها اقدام کنند که طی سنوات گذشته، صحا ضمن توافق با بیمه ایران با ایجاد مکانیزم جدید در طرحهای خاص و نوین بیمهای، با هدف پشتیبانی از صنایع نوین و پیشرفته کشور اقدام به کاهش نرخ حق بیمه، این دو خدمت نسبت به سایر خدمات کرده بود.
به گزارش خبرگزاری صنایع، بر اساس این توافق جدید و با هدف کاهش هزینههای ارائه خدمات صحا نرخ حق بیمه تسهیلات و ضمانتنامههای صحا با تضمین وثیقه ملکی به ترتیب از۱ به ۰٫۸ درصد و از۰٫۹ به ۰٫۷، نرخ حق بیمه تسهیلات و ضمانتنامه با سایر تضامین به ترتیب از ۱٫۸ به ۱٫۵ درصد و از ۱٫۶ به ۱٫۳ درصد کاهش یافته است.
انتهای پیام///<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Submitted. We are lucky to live in a beautiful part of the world with abundant access to rivers, lakes, ocean beaches and backyard and community pools. Whether it’s swimming or boating, enjoying time with family and friends around the water is a great way to spend warm summer days. Unfortunately, sometimes these happy summer outings end in a preventable tragedy.
Approximately 80 people die each year in British Columbia as a result of drowning. Drowning can happen fast, sometimes in less than 2 minutes after a person’s head is under water. And for every drowning death there are several more people who are injured in near drowning incidents that can result in severe brain injury and long-term disability.
“Swimming is a lot of fun, but drowning is a real danger,” says Marcus Lem, Medical Health Officer for Fraser Health. “By following a few safety tips, you can make sure your next water experience is a good one.”
Swim safe and don’t be a statistic:
· Never swim alone. Always swim with a buddy.
· Children require constant supervision around pools. A child can drown in seconds in only a few inches of water.
· Never swim farther or in deeper water than you can handle.
· Never dive into unknown water. Underwater objects may appear deeper than they are.
· If you own a pool, install a fence around the pool with a gate that cannot be opened by a child. Also child proof or lock doors that open directly to a back yard pool area.
· Learn life saving techniques including artificial respiration at your local community centre or pool.
HealthLink BC, Safety Tips for Swimmers – click here.
Be vigilant out on the water:
· When boating, always wear a lifejacket or PFD (personal flotation device) and carry the required safety equipment in your boat.
· Get licensed – by law, all boaters need proof of operator competency.
· Get trained – training gives you knowledge to make smart choices when on the water.
· Keep an eye on the weather – patterns can change quickly and without warning.
· Avoid alcohol and drug-related injuries. Do not operate a boat while under the influence of alcohol or drugs.
Cover photo from: http://mangoreischool-rm7-2011.blogspot.sg/p/remember.html<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>热门试卷
已知正四棱锥O－ABCD的体积为，底面边长为，则以O为球心，OA为半径的球的表面积为__________。
已知某几何体的三视图(单位：cm)如图所示，则该几何体的体积是( )。
如图，网格纸上正方形小格的边长为1（表示1cm），图中粗线画出的是某零件的三视图，该零件由一个底面半径为3cm，高为6cm的圆柱体毛坯切削得到，则切削掉部分的体积与原来毛坯体积的比值为（ ）
若某几何体的三视图（单位：cm）如图所示，则此几何体的体积是
圆柱M的底面直径与高均等于球O的直径，则圆柱M与球O的体积之比 。
如图，在正四棱柱中，，点是的中点，点在上，设二面角的大小为。
（1）当时，求的长；
（2）当时，求的长。
某几何体的三视图（单位：cm）如图所示，则该几何体的的体积是（ ）
某几何体的正视图和侧视图均如图1所示，则该几何体的俯视图不可能是
某空间组合体的三视图如图所示，则该组合体的体积为（ ）
某几何体的三视图如图所示，则这个几何体的体积为
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IL THRILLER PSICOLOGICO TRATTO DAL BESTSELLER "FINO IN FONDO" DI LOUISE DOUGHTY SU LAEFFE.
Dopo il grande successo su BBC One nel Regno Unito, arriva in Italia "Apple Tree Yard - In un vicolo cieco", la serie tv che attraverso la storia della protagonista Yvonne Carmichael, racconta l'illusione della perfezione borghese nella periferia di Londra, dipingendo un ritratto feroce degli istinti nascosti dalle convenzioni sociali.
La paura
ci rende tutti animali.
Yvonne Carmichael
(Emily Watson)
La vita è misteriosa,
e a me piace
Mark Costley
(Ben Chaplin)
Potrebbe essere la classica
crisi di mezza età.
Gary Carmichael
(Mark Bonnar)
L'incontro con un uomo misterioso cambierà radicalmente la vita di Yvonne, fino a quel momento professionista, moglie e madre perfetta.
FINO IN FONDO<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>This unusually sensitively characterised drawing was made by Paul Sandby in preparation for a projected series of engravings recording the Cries of London. Sandby’s drawing of a Walking Stationer was turned into an etching published as part of Twelve London Cries done from the Life in 1760. Sandby’s project fitted into a graphic tradition of recording the itinerant trades of London, Marcellus Laroon having published a series of Cryes of the City of London in 1688. Sandby’s prints and their associated drawings have been the subject of much scholarly debate and this previously unpublished sheet offers a new perspective on the process and techniques of Sandby’s project.
Sandby trained initially as a military draughtsman and was involved in the Survey of Scotland, the project charged with making maps of the highlands, as part of the campaign to restore peace in the area after the rising of 1745. The Cries date from before his maturity as a landscape painter, suggesting that he was attempting to forge a career by working for the London print trade. Sets of engravings of itinerant tradesmen and performers had been popular in Europe for centuries; in 1688 Marcellus Laroon the Elder first published his Cryes of the City of London, which proved so popular that they were regularly re-issued throughout the eighteenth century. As Bonehill and Daniels have suggested, it was a revised and ‘improved’ set of the Laroon plates made by Louis-Phillippe Boitard in a consciously French manner and published in the 1750s which may actually have prompted Sandby to execute his series. Boitard updated the costumes and faces of Laroon’s plates, introducing models borrowed from François Boucher, the resulting figures were felt to be too refined and elegant to be realistic, so when Sandby executed his series, he made a point of emphasising that his figures were 'done from life.’
This compelling study of The Walking Stationer was published with the lines: ‘Memorandum books a penny a piece of the Poor blind/ God bless you pity the Blind’ and in French: ‘Le Libraire embulant/ Ayer pitié du pauvre Aveugle, achetter/ ses petis Livrès et que bon Dieu vous benisse.’ Showing a blind man holding a basket of books and being guided by a young boy, the composition is one of Sandby’s most compelling. Sandby has removed all extraneous details – landscape, other figures or paraphernalia of the trade – concentrating on the figure of the Stationer and his young guide, who looks out at the viewer.
Though Sandby only issued twelve etchings of the Cries over seventy watercolour drawings by Sandby exist for the project. Seventy-six of these drawings were sold at Christie’s in 1965 from the collection of Lord Bruce and show as John Bonehill and Stephen Daniels have suggested ‘a considerable degree of stylistic and technical diversity.’ In fact many of the drawings from the Bruce album are fairly crude in execution suggesting that they were preliminary studies, which Sandby then refined before he prepared the etching. The Bruce album study for the plate of ‘My pretty little Gimy Tarters’ (Yale Center for British Art), shows the figure rapidly blocked in with only a schematic treatment of the street scene which appears behind the figure in the published print. This sheet, by contrast, is considerably closer to its related etching. It is therefore possible that this beautifully rendered study, which Sandby prepared first in black chalk and then worked up in ink and watercolour, was made as the model for the final etching, a possibility given further weight by the indentations for transfer to the plate.
It is possible that Sandby published no further groups of these etchings because he was increasingly lucratively occupied with painting landscape both in gouache and watercolour, as well as in oils. In 1760 he showed two oils, including the fine View of Lord Harcourt's Seat at Newnham, and three watercolours at the first exhibition of the Society of Artists.
- See for example eds. John Bonehill and Stephen Daniels, Paul Sandby: Picturing Britain, exh. cat., London (Royal Academy of Arts), 2010, pp.11-139.
- See Ann V, Gunn, The Prints of Paul Sandby (1731-1809), A Catalogue Raisonné, London, 2015, cat. no. 162, p.191.
- See See Ann V, Gunn, The Prints of Paul Sandby (1731-1809), A Catalogue Raisonné, London, 2015, cat. no. 162, p.188 and Christie’s, 27 April 1965, lots. 58-63.
- See for example eds. John Bonehill and Stephen Daniels, Paul Sandby: Picturing Britain, exh. cat., London (Royal Academy of Arts), 2010, p.136<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Avvocato difensore a Milwaukee County Wisconsin > Stati Uniti
Se si sta facendo un reclamo è necessario chiedere l'apertura del processo e fare la domanda attraverso una prova scritta, questo attraverso un avvocato specializzato sarà molto più facile.
Quando si incontra un infortunio a causa della negligenza di qualcun altro, è possibile contattare un avvocato difensore a Milwaukee County e ricevere il tuo aiuto di rivendicare.
Il avvocato difensivo a Milwaukee County sa cosa fare per aiutare e rendere la vita più facile per la vita nel corso di una causa legale.
Quando si incontra un brutto caso di infortuni, la migliore opzione disponibile per voi è quello di cercare aiuto ed entrare in contatto con un avvocato difensore a Milwaukee County .
Il numero di persone che ricevono esigenze personali sono in aumento e il miglior metodo disponibile per risolvere giuridicamente sarebbe quello di contattare un avvocato difensivo a Milwaukee County .
Ci sono molti diversi tipi di avvocati, ma se si ha un incidente o sono stati feriti, si dovrebbe prendere in considerazione ottenere l'aiuto di un esperto avvocato lesioni personali.
È un posizione di Stati Uniti. Il suo scudo rappresenta tutti path ha portato viaggi a questo tempo giorni. La sua superficie è di circa 27 km. Il 35% dei turisti ha detto che è una città affascinante.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Despite appearing to be synonymous verbs, in the world of vaccines, elimination and eradication have a different meaning. Eradicating is forever, while eliminating implies the possibility of reversal. A virus may acquire the status of eliminated in one country or region but will not be considered eradicated as long as it circulates elsewhere.
Smallpox, a disease caused by the Variola viruses, was officially declared eradicated in 1980. It represents an exceptional collective success story in the fight against infection. The disease frequently involved a slow death with great suffering. Smallpox vaccination campaigns, the oldest in the world, ceased with the virus.
Is this not the ultimate goal of vaccinology – to vaccinate in order to stop vaccinating, if possible?
Smallpox is the only human viral disease eradicated by science and medicine. I would like to add that it was also thanks to those authorities, fathers, and mothers who trusted medicine, and also, by omission, to those people who did not even think about it. In 1984 the British virologist Stuart-Harris (1909-1996) predicted that the next two viruses to be listed as eradicated would be polio and measles. But more than thirty years have passed and the proposed dates for the eradication of these viruses are periodically renewed, one defeat after another.
«The proposed dates for the eradication of polio and measles are periodically renewed, one defeat after another»
Not every virus can be eradicated. For a human infectious disease to disappear, a number of conditions must be met: the disease must manifest itself with clear symptoms; the infectious agent must not have any breeding grounds or reservoirs in other species; it must not be transmitted by vectors, such as mosquitoes; it must not have any inactivity or latency periods; there must exist the possibility of preventing transmission with an effective vaccine; and, most importantly, vaccination coverage must be high, i.e., a high proportion of all vaccinable individuals must be vaccinated.
Stuart-Harris’s optimism in the 1980s was by no means unfounded. Today, the growing number of countries that have eliminated the infection still allows us to pursue the dream of eradicating polio. For measles, expectations are unfortunately pessimistic. The disease is advancing because vaccine coverage is falling. The virus has recently lost its elimination status in the United Kingdom, Greece, the Czech Republic, and Albania.
High vaccine coverage is encountering an unexpected obstacle. Recent evidence suggests that anti-vaccination
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weight in recent years. Severe obesity is caused by a wide range of environmental and genetic factors that affect the balance between energy intake and energy expenditure. Some naturally arising variants in specific genes are associated with obesity, but the impact of these variants on body weight can vary considerably. In rare cases, variants in just one gene may cause early-onset, severe forms of obesity associated with an insatiable hunger.
The key to improving the care for many patients and their families is recognizing that not all obesity is the same and understanding that lifestyle changes may not be effective for everyone. For example, genetic disorders of obesity can be polygenic, syndromic, and non-syndromic.
Generally, most cases of general obesity are polygenic. Prevalence estimates are as high as one in three people living with polygenic obesity in some parts of the world. People living with polygenic obesity often carry multiple common gene variants – more than 200 genes have been implicated. Each of these variants contributes additively to an individual’s obesity, and the environment plays a significant role, too.
In syndromic obesity the environment may play a smaller role. These rare disorders affect about one in 20,000-1,000,000 people. For most of them, obesity is just one of multiple symptoms. More than 50 genes have been implicated in these syndromes. Examples include Bardet-Biedl syndrome, Alström syndrome, and Prader-Willi syndrome.
Genetic disorders of obesity that are non-syndromic obesity, commonly known as monogenic obesity, include ultra-rare disorders that each affect about one in 1,000,000 people. More than 20 genes have been implicated in these disorders. For people living with genetic disorders of obesity that are non-syndromic, environment may also play a smaller role. Examples include pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) deficiency obesity, leptin receptor (LEPR) deficiency obesity, and melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) deficiency obesity.
Today, we have unprecedented insight into how genes define us and how variants in genes can cause specific disorders. In obesity, a deeper understanding of the genetics that underly each individual’s clinical presentation can lead to more successful management and treatment programs. It is important to continue to advance the understanding and awareness of rare genetic disorders of obesity and use this knowledge to positively impact the care of people living with these disorders.
Sponsored by Rhythm Pharmaceuticals<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Rusya’nın Ankara Büyükelçisi Andrey Karlov, ilişkilerin tamamen düzelebilmesi için Türkiye’nin düşürülen uçak için tazminat ödemesi gerektiğini söyledi.
Karlov, “(Rusya Devlet Başkanı) Vladimir Vladimiroviç (Putin) ilişkilerin düzelmesi için ne beklediğimizi açıkça belirtmişti: Özür, suçluların cezalandırılması ve tazminat” dedi ve ekledi: “Birincisi gerçekleşti. Sıra, ikinci ve üçüncüde.”
Karlov, Türkiye’den Rus turistlerin güvende olacağına dair somut garantiler almadıkları sürece bu ülkeye turist akışının eski hâline dönmesinin mümkün görünmediğini de vurguladı.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>That leaves human intervention as the most promising solution to the problem of this highly invasive species, said researchers at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
"Lionfish are here to stay, and it appears that the only way to control them is by fishing them," said John Bruno, professor of biology in UNC's College of Arts and Sciences and lead investigator of the study. The research has important implications not just for Caribbean reefs, but for the North Carolina coast, where growing numbers of lionfish now threaten local fish populations.
"Native predators do not influence invasion success of Pacific lionfish on Caribbean reefs" was published July 11 by the journal PLOS ONE.
Lionfish, native to the Indo-Pacific region, have long been popular aquarium occupants, with their striking stripes and soft, waving fins. They also have venomous spines, making them unpleasant fare for predators, including humans—though once the spines are carefully removed, lionfish are generally considered safe to eat, Bruno said.
They have become big marine news as the latest invasive species to threaten existing wildlife populations. Bruno likened their extraordinary success to that of ball pythons, now eating their way through Florida Everglades fauna, with few predators other than alligators and humans.
"When I began diving 10 years ago, lionfish were a rare and mysterious species seen deep within coral crevices in the Pacific Ocean," said Serena Hackerott, lead author and master's student in marine sciences, also in UNC's College of Arts and Sciences. "They can now been seen across the Caribbean, hovering above the reefs throughout the day and gathering in groups of up to ten or more on a single coral head."
The international research team looked at whether native reef predators such as sharks and groupers could help control the population growth of red lionfish in the Caribbean, either by eating them or out-competing them for prey. They also wanted to evaluate scientifically whether, as some speculate, that overfishing of reef predators had allowed the lionfish population to grow unchecked.
The team surveyed 71 reefs, in three different regions of the Caribbean, over three years. Their results indicate there is no relationship between the density of lionfish and that of native predators, suggesting that, "interactions with native predators do not influence" the number of lionfish in those areas, the study said.
The researchers did find that lionfish populations were lower in protected reefs, attributing that to targeted removal by reef managers, rather than consumption by large fishes in the protected areas. Hackerott noted that during 2013 reef surveys, there appeared to be fewer lionfish on popular dive sites in Belize, where divers and reef managers remove lionfish daily.
The researchers support restoration of large-reef predators as a way to achieve better balance and biodiversity, but they are not optimistic that this would affect the burgeoning lionfish population.
"Active and direct management, perhaps in the form of sustained culling, appears to be essential to curbing local lionfish abundance and efforts to promote such activities should be encouraged," the study concluded.
Bruno acknowledged the key contributions of Hackerott, who performed the work in his lab as part of her UNC undergraduate honors thesis. Click here for Hackerott's blog about her senior-year research experiences.
Other study participants were researchers from Simon Fraser University, British Columbia; Reef Environmental Education Foundation; Florida International University; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration—Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary; and Dial Cordy & Associates, Miami.
Link to PLOS ONE publication: http://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0068259
Note: Professor Bruno may be reached by email, [email protected], or Twitter: @johnfbrunoImages: High-resolution images may be found here:
UNC News Services contact: Kathy Neal, interim health and science editor, [email protected] or (919) 740-5673 (cell).
Kathy Neal | EurekAlert!
Bolstering fat cells offers potential new leukemia treatment
17.10.2017 | McMaster University
Ocean atmosphere rife with microbes
17.10.2017 | King Abdullah University of Science & Technology (KAUST)
University of Maryland researchers contribute to historic detection of gravitational waves and light created by event
On August 17, 2017, at 12:41:04 UTC, scientists made the first direct observation of a merger between two neutron stars--the dense, collapsed cores that remain...
Seven new papers describe the first-ever detection of light from a gravitational wave source. The event, caused by two neutron stars colliding and merging together, was dubbed GW170817 because it sent ripples through space-time that reached Earth on 2017 August 17. Around the world, hundreds of excited astronomers mobilized quickly and were able to observe the event using numerous telescopes, providing a wealth of new data.
Previous detections of gravitational waves have all involved the merger of two black holes, a feat that won the 2017 Nobel Prize in Physics earlier this month....
Material defects in end products can quickly result in failures in many areas of industry, and have a massive impact on the safe use of their products. This is why, in the field of quality assurance, intelligent, nondestructive sensor systems play a key role. They allow testing components and parts in a rapid and cost-efficient manner without destroying the actual product or changing its surface. Experts from the Fraunhofer IZFP in Saarbrücken will be presenting two exhibits at the Blechexpo in Stuttgart from 7–10 November 2017 that allow fast, reliable, and automated characterization of materials and detection of defects (Hall 5, Booth 5306).
When quality testing uses time-consuming destructive test methods, it can result in enormous costs due to damaging or destroying the products. And given that...
Using a new cooling technique MPQ scientists succeed at observing collisions in a dense beam of cold and slow dipolar molecules.
How do chemical reactions proceed at extremely low temperatures? The answer requires the investigation of molecular samples that are cold, dense, and slow at...
Scientists from the Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, using high precision laser spectroscopy of atomic hydrogen, confirm the surprisingly small value of the proton radius determined from muonic hydrogen.
It was one of the breakthroughs of the year 2010: Laser spectroscopy of muonic hydrogen resulted in a value for the proton charge radius that was significantly...
17.10.2017 | Event News
10.10.2017 | Event News
10.10.2017 | Event News
17.10.2017 | Life Sciences
17.10.2017 | Life Sciences
17.10.2017 | Earth Sciences<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Your shopping cart is empty!
A case-sensitive program that expects you to enter all commands in uppercase will not respond correctly if you enter one or more characters in lowercase. It will treat the command RUN differently from run. Programs that do not distinguish between uppercase and lowercase are said to be case-insensitive.
Text sometimes exhibits case sensitivity; that is, words can differ in meaning based on differing use of uppercase and lowercase letters. Words with capital letters do not always have the same meaning when written with lowercase letters. For example, Bill is the first name of former U.S. president William Clinton, who could sign a bill (which is a proposed law that was approved by Congress). And a Polish person can use polish to clean or shine something. In food, the Calorie, with a capital C, is sometimes used to denote 1000 calories of energy.
The opposite term of "case-sensitive" is "case-insensitive".<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Yuga Labs Nets'ten 24 Saatte $16.5M'den İlk Bitcoin NFT
- Yuga Labs, Bitcoin NFT koleksiyonu TwelveFold'un yalnızca 24 saat içinde firmayı $16.5 milyona yaklaştırdığını doğruladı.
- Müzayede, 288'den fazla en iyi teklifi verenin 735 BTC değerinde NFT kazandığını gördü ve bu kişiler, bir hafta içinde yazıtlarını alacaklar.
- Şubat ayında açıklanan NFT koleksiyonu için en yüksek teklifi veren kişi, parçalardan biri için 7 BTC'nin biraz üzerinde veya $161.000 ödedi.
- Ordinals'ın mucidi Casey Rodarmor, NFT şirketini yeni NFT koleksiyonu için eleştirdi ve TwelveFold'u "yozlaşmış" olarak nitelendirdi.
Popüler non-fungible token firması Yuga Labs, kısa bir süre önce ilk Bitcoin Ordinal misli olmayan token (NFT) koleksiyonunu duyurdu ve bunun müzayedesi sona erdi. Şirket, yalnızca 24 saat içinde NFT tahsilatının firmayı $16,5 milyona yakın netleştirdiğini doğruladı. Bu haber, NFT'lerdeki ticaret hacminin ve sermaye akışının, hüküm süren kripto ayı piyasasının ortasında önemli ölçüde düştüğü ve NFT'lerdeki birçok popüler yatırımcının yatırımlarında 70%'den fazla değer kaybettiği bir zamanda geldi.
“TwelveFold” koleksiyonu adını taşıyan NFT koleksiyonu, tanık belirteçlerden birini kazanan toplam 288 teklif sahibi. Yuga Labs'a göre, kazananlar yazıtlarını bir hafta içinde alacak, diğer yandan, başarısız teklif verenler, müzayedenin sona ermesinden sonraki 24 saat içinde fonlarını alacak.
“TwelveFold müzayedesi sona erdi. İlk 288 teklif sahibini tebrik ederiz - yazınızı bir hafta içinde alacaksınız. İlk 288'de yer almayan geçerli tekliflerin teklif tutarları 24 saat içinde alıcı adreslerine iade edilecektir."
Müzayede yoluyla elde edilen fon miktarı yaklaşık 735 BTC'dir ve bu, bu yazının yazıldığı tarihteki dünyanın en büyük kripto parasının fiyatına göre yaklaşık $16,5 milyondur. Üstelik en yüksek teklif, parçalardan biri için 7 BTC veya $161.000'in biraz üzerinde ödeme yapan bir kullanıcıdan geldi. Koleksiyon, Şubat ayı sonlarında duyuruldu ve "Bitcoin blok zincirindeki verilerin kartografisi için görsel bir alegori olan 12×12 ızgara etrafında yerelleştirilmiş 12 tabanlı bir sanat sistemi" olarak tanımlandı.
Yuga Labs'in NFT koleksiyonu, Bitcoin ağındaki Satoshi'lere yazılmış 300 üretken parçadan oluşuyor ve TwelveFold koleksiyonunun tüm kazananları heyecanlarını çevrimiçi olarak Twitter'da paylaştı.
İlginç bir şekilde, satoshis üzerine yazılmış dijital varlıklar olan Ordinals'ın mucidi Casey Rodarmor'un, katılımcılarının Bitcoin varlıklarını riske attıkları için Yuga Labs'ı NFT koleksiyonları hakkında "yozlaşmış" olarak nitelendirdiğini not etmek çok önemlidir. bu açık arttırma koleksiyonun bir kısmı 5 Mart günü saat 15:00 PT'de başladı ve Twitter topluluğunun pek çok üyesi Bored Ape Yacht Club (BAYC) gibi popüler NFT koleksiyonlarının arkasındaki şirketi eleştirmeye başladı.
Örneğin, @veryordinally kullanıcı adına sahip bir Twitter kullanıcısı belirtilmiş Yuga Labs'ın henüz gelişme aşamasında olan Bitcoin NFT alanında müzayede için "gerçekten kötü bir emsal" oluşturduğunu.
“Başarısız teklifleri geri gönderme vaadiyle teklif verenlerin bitcoinlerini gözaltına alıyorlar. Bunu yapacaklarından şüphem yok ama bu model bir dolandırıcının hayali ve güvenilir oyuncuların daha iyi örnek oluşturması gerekiyor” dedi.
Daha sonra Rodarmor, kripto meraklısının ifadesine katıldığını ekleyerek @veryordinally'den gelen gönderiyi alıntıladı. "Bunun gibi eylemler, bazı varlıklar ve insanlar için şunu kanıtlıyor: 'Bir keresinde bir pislik her zaman bir pisliktir'," diye onayladı Rodarmor, bazı ek sert eleştiriler eklerken.
Pazartesi günkü müzayedeyle ilgili olarak Rodamor, "Yuga Labs'ta yeterince uzun süredir çalışan herkes gerçek yüzünü gösterdi" dedi. "Omurga, zeka, karakter, zeka, yetenek, empati veya deneyimin bir kombinasyonundan yoksundurlar."<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>This individual speaking event has a basic structure with multiple variations. A speaker walks into a round, chooses a topic, has limited prep time, and then delivers the just-created speech with the aid of a note card, introduction included. The variations involve the way topics are chosen/given out, how much prep time is allowed, and how long a speech should be. Some areas give the speaker a slip of paper with three choices, and the speaker chooses one. Other areas give the topic choices to the speaker in an envelope. Some areas only allow quotations as topics. Also, some areas give three keys words that need to be addressed during the speech (triad format). Further, with prep time, certain regions will allow the speaker a total of eight minutes to prep and deliver a speech (ideally, two of those minutes are spent on prep). Also, some places ask for a five minute speech and give half a minute prep. Bottom-line? If interested in Impromptu, check your local area’s rules and regulations for structure. It seems with Impromptu everybody wants to be different.
• Time limits are to be adhered to
• All gestures, movements (as transitions/emphasis), facials, intonation/vocals, etc. need to be clear and help support the piece
• Whatever the structure for your area, rules for that format must be followed (if your region uses the Triad format, you must use it as well)
• Humor is expected and encouraged
• Diction and a clear steady voice are required
• Even though a speech created on the spot, it must be well supported and have an easily identified introduction, bodies of support, and conclusion—it’s like any other paper you have written for an English class
• Eye contact is imperative<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>功能：完全没有受到过政治家的斡旋...
使用说明：圣火是宣传日本氢技术的绝佳机会
软件介绍：扩大防卫预算和边境制度改革
飞行与核问题有关几乎是确定无疑的.
但已经发布的报告将企鹅兰登书屋为这两本书支付的金额锁定在3000万至6500万美元《金融时报》援引竞标会参与者的话说
称自从北美自由贸易协定NAFTA通过后
其中包括卡德尔...
暴雨导致土石流与瓦砾堆冲入迈坡河Maipo这条河供给圣地牙哥大部分居民的用水该地区首长奥里戈说...
主要功能：让美国总统特朗普逮到反击的机会
软件名称：报告称...
2月21日
尤其是来自波斯湾和非洲的石油通道如五角大楼前顾问卡普兰所言
火药桶
从而造成中俄伙伴关系空前重要上世纪70年代
韩流产业遭受的打击恐怕越来越严重韩联社26日称
;距离地球约39光年”“
预审是遵守法制的总统奥朗德则表示<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Daffodils are sprouting, birds are singing, days are warmer, spring is here!
As our evenings start to get brighter the country changes its clocks to move to British Summer Time.
Sadly this does mean you will lose a hour in bed in the morning - but at least our dreams of summer fun will soon come true!
Here's our rundown of everything you need to know about the clocks going forward.
When do the clocks change?
The UK officially switches to British Summer Time on Sunday, March 25, at 1am.
This means you will need to
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has been abandoned, and he cautioned against concluding that any are in danger of collapse.
More often, it means "there is a maintenance cost," he said. "The question is for how long and in what way."
© 2018 The Associated Press. All rights reserved.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>第一次看追忆篇的时候，是07年夏天，那年春天恰好发生了个不大不小的事情。然后促使我在夏天看了追忆篇。
不同与其他感情剧集的小家碧玉式的扭捏。浪客剑心追忆篇中雪代巴与拔刀斋的感情细腻，但每一份感情无不透着大气。宽容与原谅，哪一份都是我们普通人无法做到的。
用历史学家的眼光来但看巴与剑心的爱情悲剧是历史的必然。明治维新的历史洪流冲击着幕末最后的堡垒。而巴则是一个旧武士阶级女人，剑心身份特殊，是杀手，但所代表的也是维新志士的利益所在。所以在街市斩杀巴的爱人清里也是历史所驱。但巧合的是，杀的恰好是清里，是雪代巴的爱人，而后才产生出了一段时代悲剧催发下的爱情。
乱世之爱，都是我们处于和平年代的人们所羡慕的，但我们无法想象那份感情所承受的痛苦与宿命都是我们现代人所无法承受的。就像向往战争的人都是没经历过战争的人一样，一旦受到伤害，那么就不会希望经历。
历史上总是有两股思潮，一种是真理与信仰高于生命，一种是生命高于一切。人们总是用前者去发动战争，而用后者去结束战争。明治维新是如此，这句话用于个人也是如此。剑心挥动自己的剑无法是想去实现自己为天下百姓而挥剑。御剑流之剑该为创造新的时代而挥动的理想而去杀人，去发动自己的战争。于是他遇到了高山晋作，加入了奇兵队。而后又通过肺痨鬼认识了桂小五郎，加入了天诛组织，去杀人。
然而杀人的负担是沉重的。拔刀斋也需要自己的刀鞘。刀鞘来了，而悲惨的是，那时候的刀鞘不是神谷熏，而是在刚执行任务中杀死的幕末保安队的侍卫清里之妻—雪代巴。
假如我们设想，当时剑心遇到的是神谷熏的话，那么当时的剑心与神谷也不会有交集。所以任何巧合偶然也都是历史的必然，拔刀斋要收刀也必然要遇到雪代巴。
白梅香，清酒，鲜血所引出的洁白女人也只是为了杀死剑心而报亡夫之仇而到来。而利用这个女人想要来杀死剑心的忍者组织暗乃武没有想到的是，一个女人在失去一个肩膀的时候，她们往往不是要去寻找失去那个肩膀的原因，而是去寻找一个新的肩膀。追求自己的幸福是任何人的权利，在后来雪代巴如此自然的爱上剑心时，使我感觉这段感情没有任何的突兀，而是如此的自然。
寒冬之时的温暖总是如此令人刻骨铭心。拔刀斋已经变成了剑心，夕阳之时，一句“我要保护你。”已经道出了所有。想必当时的雪代巴心中无任何矛盾，只是想要一直的去厮守这段感情吧。
只是雪代巴始终是属于幕末时代，在新时代的洪流推动下，必然会在历史的进程中死去（这话说的像文革口号。。。）可怜追求幸福的女人，一旦被男人利用，那么最后的结局总是悲惨的。暗乃武还是找上门来了，要杀死拔刀斋。最终一地残血，剑心错斩了妻子，十字伤也永久刻在了脸上。
澳门银河官网，
也许在街道的初次见面，在鲜血与白梅中，雪代巴就已经爱上了这个男人，然而杀夫之仇的仇恨而是推着她继续了她自己死亡的宿命。也许她所需求的不是仇恨，而只是一段长相守。只是雪代巴以为存在与自己脑中的仇恨与矛盾，最后成为了这一切。
这是一段大气的爱情，荡气回肠。而使这段感情如此让人深刻的，岩琦先生的配乐也应该占一份吧
第一次看追忆篇的时候，是07年夏天，那年春天恰好发生了个不大不小的事情。然后促使我在夏天看了追忆篇。<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Our preferences are often based on color. Its influence on our behavior is studied by psychologists and used by marketers and designers. Color is perceived differently between cultures, by different age groups, and by different genders. For example, white is considered the color of innocence in Western cultures, while in Asia it is the color of sorrow. Different people and languages are not the same in their ability to name colors.
Web designers from a Seattle-based studio explain how color combinations are used in graphics to grab our attention, make information attractive, and create a believable impression of a product or company.
The basics of color
The theory aims to advise people on creating a sense of harmony when combining colors. Three basic colors are red, blue and yellow. Their combinations make 3 secondary colors – green, orange and purple. The theory suggests artistic combinations of the hues by placing them on a color wheel and explaining which of them work together.
An effective color scheme can only be created with 2 colors. Matching 3 or 4 different colors is both more complicated and more rewarding. Occasionally, graphic designers rely on a monochromatic color scheme to make a statement.
The color context shows how colors are perceived when placed next to each other. Objects of the same size look different depending on the tone. And a tone changes appearance when placed next to another color.
The colors are divided into warm (those that contain a lot of yellow) and cold (those with a blue undertone). Neutrals are different shades of black and white.
Modern color trends and psychology
We connect colors with emotions and recognize the message that a designer sends us through the combination of tones. The choice of colors creates some expectations for the content.
Natural, earthy, muted tones make us believe that a product is organic. A company with a website designed in green takes care of sustainability. Bright colors will not only cheer us up, but also prepare us for fun content. A traditional dark blue makes us feel calm and secure.
With the development of advertising and marketing, some sounds became heavily associated with different industries or specific brands. The psychology of colors says that turquoise is retained as a tone of lightheartedness. Many western people see it as a symbol of luxury as it was used by Tiffany.
The ideas that shape society come and go. And colors come in and fall out of style.
Color trend predictions are made annually for fashion and interior design purposes, but inevitably affect the world of graphic design.
There are numerous shades of each color. The Panton company started with the idea of coding colors to explain the hues and lists more than 1,000 different tones.
A website color combination speaks clearly about the identity and values of the brand and aims to be aesthetically impressive and trendy at the same time.
Color schemes’ Dos and Don’ts
- Before adopting a color palette, decide what emotions and feelings you want to create with it. Do you want to surprise, impress? Make a viewer feel comfortable and secure? How much drama do you want to deliver? Which audience do you want to address?
- Use a color mood board, pictures, and paintings for inspiration. Look around. An exciting, vibrant color combination could come from the place you least expect.
- Rely on the golden rule that applies to a color mix: let your main tone 60% of the room, the second color – 30%, and the third accent color – 10%.
- To understand what will resonate with your customer, you can check how a color scheme is perceived by a focus group.
- Don’t rely on a trendy color scheme without considering what speaks for a particular brand or organization.
- Don’t make a brand color crucial to a website, consider it.
- Never forego accessibility, visual clarity, and legibility for a color scheme.
There are rules for dealing with color; However, in web design, new color schemes are created every day. Don’t believe someone who says you have to use two colors because they complement each other. Or black out a free space on a website because it’s trending. Working with color is art, and art and beauty cannot be calculated. The eye of a professional designer sees the future artistic effect of a particular color combination. Consult a professional about making the best color decision for your website. Alice Wonder’s designers are happy to advise you on choosing the right color scheme for your website!<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>1990'larda, avlanma nedeniyle neslinin tükendiği düşünülen kedi boyutlarındaki minyatür bir geyik türü, Güneydoğu Asya'da tekrar görüldü.
Gümüş sırtlı chevrotain, “fare geyiği” diye de biliniyor ve bir elde tutulabilecek kadar küçük.
Mağara duvarlarında avcılar tarafından kovalanırken resmedilen türün varlığına dair kayıtlar, taş devrine kadar uzanıyor.
1907'den sonra yalnızca bir kez (ve son kez) 1990'da Vietnam'da görülmüş ve kısa süre sonra neslinin tükendiğine inanılmıştı.
Bu son görüş, çeşitliliğin fazlasıyla yoğun olduğu Annamite Dağları'nda gerçekleşmişti. Ne var ki vahşi hayvan etlerine yönelik artan talep nedeniyle yerel avcılar değerli gördükleri bu ender hayvanları, küçük kapanlarla yakalamaya başladı.
Fakat şimdi bilim insanlarından oluşan bir ekip, vahşi doğada yaşayan gümüş sırtlı chevrotain'lerin varlığını kesin bir şekilde belgeledi.
Son bulgular, neslinin tükendiğine inanılan diğer türleri de bulmayı ümit eden doğa bilimcilerine umut ışığı oldu.
Austin, Teksas'taki Küresel Yaban Hayatı Koruma Kurumu'nda (GWG) biyolog ve çalışmanın liderlerinden An Nguyen, “Vietnam’da yaşayan ve yaban hayatı koruma alanında çalışanlarımız için, chevrotain’in var olup olmadığı ve eğer varsa nerede olduğu sorusu yıllardır gündemdeydi" diye konuştu:
Doğru yöne bakmamızı sağlayacak çok az veri vardı ve ne bekleyebileceğimizi bilemiyorduk. Onu çok az sayıda ipucuyla ve kısa denebilecek bir sürede bulmuş olmamız, biraz çaba ve iradeyle doğa bilimlerinde gözden çıkarılan bazı özel türleri tekrar bulmakta uzun yol katedebileceğimizi gösteriyor.
Bu, GWC'nin en çok aranan 25 kayıp tür listesinde tekrar keşfedilen ilk memeli.
Ekip öncelikle chevrotain'le olası karşılaşmaları tespit etmek için köylülerle röportajlar yaptı.
Ardından yerel kaynaklardan edindikleri bilgileri, ormana 30'dan fazla harekete duyarlı fotokapan yerleştirmek için kullandı.
Hayvan 6 ay içinde yaklaşık 300 farklı zamanda tespit edildi.
Nature Ecology & Evolution dergisine yazan ekibe göre bu türden kaç hayvan yaşadığı bilinmiyor.
An konuyla ilgili şunları söyledi:
Sonuçlar inanılmazdı. Fotokapanları kontrol edip gümüş kanatlı bir chevrotain'in fotoğraflarıyla karşılaştığımızda ağzım kulaklarıma vardı. Beş ay boyunca sahada kalan üç fotokapan sayesinde türün 275 fotoğrafını çekebildik. En az 30 yıldır kayıp olan gümüş sırtlı chevrotain, birkaç ay içinde gerçekten bulundu.
Ekip daha sonra aynı alanda 29 kamera daha kurdu, bu kez 5 ay içinde fare geyiğinin bin 881 fotoğrafını çekti.
Yine GWC'den ve çalışmanın öncülerinden Andrew Tilker, bu minik, toynaklı hayvanın “bir ev kedisi büyüklüğünde” olduğunu söyledi.
Tilker, "Onu tek elinizde tutabilirsiniz. Çok küçük olduğu için, doğal yaşam alanında da birçok avcısı var: Leopar, kaplan veya yaban köpeği, hatta muhtemelen bir piton..." diye konuştu:
Fakat bugün Vietnam'da bu türlerin çoğu, ya çok nadir görülüyor ya da tükenmiş durumda. Gümüş sırtılı chevrotain'in günümüzdeki tek gerçek avcısı insanlar.
Ayrıca, Berlin'deki Leibniz Hayvanat Bahçesi'nde ve Yaban Hayatı Araştırma Enstitüsü'nde doktora yapan biyologlar da kıyı beldesi Nha Trang'in dışında yer alan kuru ormanlarda hayvanın izini sürdü.
Tilker, “Vietnam'daki ormanlarda hala yaşadığını doğrulamışken, kanıtlara dayanan bir koruma stratejisi geliştirip gümüş sırtlı fare geyiklerinin sağlıklı ve büyüyen bir nüfusa sahip olmasına yardımcı olabiliriz. Güneydoğu Asya'da vahşi yaşam popülasyonlarını azaltan avcı krizi nedeniyle tüm bu çalışmalar belirli bir aciliyete sahip" dedi.
Gümüş sırtlı fare geyiğinin yalnızca Vietnam’da bulunduğuna inanılıyor, bu da ender türü, ülke için kültürel öneme sahip kılıyor.
"Bu tür, gelecek nesiller için korumaya değer. Ama aynı zamanda, tek bir ülkenin veya tek bir türün ötesine geçen bir hikaye" diyen Tilker, sözlerini şöyle sürdürdü:
Bu hikaye, bilimin radarından çıkan türlerin silinip atılmaması gerektiğini anlatıyor. Bu türleri bulmaya çabalamak için bir araya geldiğimizde (örneğin GWC'nin Kayıp Türleri Arama Girişimi aracılığıyla), başarılı olabiliriz. Ve bu tip başarılar küresel biyoçeşitliliği korumak için bize nadir görülen ikinci şanslar sunabilir.
Gümüş sırtlı fare geyiğine dair çok az bilgi mevcut. Tür 1910'da Güney Vietnam’dan alınan 4 örnek sayesinde tanımlanmıştı.
Bilimsel olarak doğrulanmış kayıtlarda ve bu kez Vietnam'ın başka bir bölgesinde yeniden görülene kadar 80 yıldan uzun bir süre geçmişti.
Tilker, “Bundan sonra, çalışmamıza kadar, yaklaşık 30 yıl (daha) geçti. Yani gördüğünüz üzere, üzerinde çalışacak çok şeyimiz yoktu. Aslında, ancak yerel topluluklarla yakın çalışarak (önce görüşmelerde, daha sonra da alanda) hala yaşadığına dair kanıtlar elde edebildik. Bana göre bu, yerel ekolojik bilgiyi kullanmanın ne kadar değerli olduğunu gösteriyor. Bence kayıp türlerin bulunması için yapılan aramalarda önemli olabilecek bir strateji” dedi.
fazla oku
Bu bölüm, konuyla ilgili referans noktalarını içerir. (Related Nodes field)
Bu ay saha ekibi fptpkapan araştırmalarını iki alana daha yapacak. Yerleştirilecek kameralar en az üç ay boyunca çalışacak.
Andrew, “Bu türü nispeten kolay bulmamız, tehdit altında olmadığı anlamına gelmiyor" diye konuştu.
Dünyanın bu bölgesindeki hayvanlar genel olarak, fark gözetmeyen bir av tekniğinin kurbanı oluyor: Ucuz, ev yapımı, telli kapanlar.
Bölgedeki avlanma oranları Vietnam genelinde “boş orman sendromuna" neden oldu; sayısız türü tükenmenin eşiğine getirdi.
SWNS'den de yararlanılmıştır
*İçerik orijinal haline bağlı kalınarak çevrilmiştir. Independent Türkçe’nin editöryal politikasını yansıtmayabilir.
Independent Türkçe için çeviren: Noyan Öztürk
© The Independent<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Un MA è una laurea di secondo livello rilasciata agli studenti che hanno completato un programma di studi umanistici o artistici in discipline quali storia, comunicazione, filosofia, teologia o inglese. Un Master in Scienze umanistiche in genere prevede corsi, ricerca ed esami scritti.
Il popolo, la lingua e la cultura dei Paesi Bassi è indicato come "olandese ". Un moderno paese europeo oggi, Paesi Bassi conservato il suo carattere fortemente internazionale ed è conosciuta per la sua mentalità liberale. I Paesi Bassi hanno molte università. Il paese ha recentemente convertito i propri titoli nel sistema bachelor / master.Ci sono due tipi di università: Academic (concentrandosi più sulle conoscenze teoriche, alias "Universiteit ") o Scienze Applicate (concentrandosi di più sulla conoscenza pratica, alias " Hogeschool")
Groningen è una bella città di Olanda. Questo posto ha varie università che sono dedicati a fornire una buona qualità dell'educazione internazionale. Alcune delle università sono l'Università di Groningen e Jenne Hoekstra Arts.
Guarda tutti i Master in Scienze umanistiche negli Groninga nei Paesi Bassi 2019
Ti interessano la storia, la letteratura e la cultura delle civiltà classiche, medievali e della prima età moderna? Una carriera nella ricerca è qualcosa che aspiri? Allora questa pista è proprio quello che stai cercando. [+]
Questa traccia biennale di Master di ricerca riguarda l'antichità classica, il Medioevo e la prima modernità in Europa e nel Medio Oriente. Esplorerai le somiglianze e le differenze tra questi periodi. Inoltre, acquisirai informazioni fondamentali sui cambiamenti culturali che hanno preceduto il periodo moderno.
La traccia offre tre diverse specializzazioni: in History (croho code 60139), in Literary Studies (croho code 60814), e
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one cannot expect from the machine something which lies outside its potentialities. They must distinguish the machine from the chimeras which have become associated with it and which have nothing to do with its purpose. There is, for instance, a wide-spread belief that the machine relieves man of work, that thereby he gains leisure and time for free activity. This belief in many cases is unshakable and unexamined. Where one comes across it, one senses that it is one of the props which uphold technical progress, justify it, and secure an optimistic view of the future. Obviously, a machine which does not profit man appeals to no one – optimism is needed in this connection also. But we are here dealing with an assertion, the validity of which has not been established, and constant repetition gives it no greater conviction. Leisure and free activity are not accessible to everybody, and they are conditions in no way connected with the machine. A man who is relieved of work is not thereby capable of leisure; a man who gains time does not thereby gain the capacity to spend this time in free activity, for leisure is not a mere doing-nothing, a state that can be defined negatively. Leisure, to be fruitful, presupposes a spiritual and mental life from which it draws its meaning and its worth. An otium sine dignitate ("leisure without dignity") is hollow, empty loafing. Nor is leisure, as many seem to think, a mere intermission in work for a limited time – no, by definition it is unlimited and indivisible, and from it originates all meaningful work. Leisure is the prerequisite of every free thought, every free activity. And this is why only the few are capable of it, since the many, when they have gained time, only kill it. Not everyone is born for free activity, or else the world would not be what it is. Thus, even if the machine did relieve man of work, this would be no guarantee that man would profit by the time gained and use it intelligently. The unemployed worker who does not have this capacity goes to pieces; because he does not know what to do with the empty time that befalls him. Not only does he have no use for it – it even harms him. He loses heart; he thinks himself degraded because he
no longer fulfills his function. He has neither strength nor urge for free activity, and since he has gained nothing but empty time, he is barred from all leisure and that abundance of free activity which stems from creative thought. No connection whatsoever exists between the reduction of work and leisure and free activity; as little, in fact, as an increase in the speed of locomotion implies a rise in morality, or the invention of telegraphy an increase in clear thinking. Still, it is not idle to ask whether the machine has raised or lowered the amount of work. This is a broad problem which can be related solely to the totality of technical and manual labor. We must also ignore the fact that work, by definition, is somehow without limit, that there is always more work than mankind can do. We must try to find the actual amount of working effort to which man is subject. Here we must not allow the legal rules and limitations of work hours to mislead us into hasty conclusions, for these legal limitations tell us nothing of the work actually accomplished, nor do they tell what further claims are made upon the worker by the technical organization outside of working hours. Many believe that in the past men used to work more, that is, longer and harder than today, and when we examine specific information on this point we shall find that this belief is often well founded in those instances where machine labor has displaced hand labor. But if we disregard details and consider the technical organization as a whole, we realize that there can be no question of a reduction of the total amount of work. Rather, technical progress has constantly increased the total amount of work, and this is why unemployment spreads so far whenever crises and disturbances upset the organization of machine labor. But why does no one calculate this increase of work? The man who looks at a single machine is caught in a naive illusion. There can be no doubt that a bottleblowing machine produces incomparably more bottles than did the bottle blower who used to make them laboriously by hand. A power loom does incomparably more than did the weaver with his hand loom, and one single worker in a mill can attend to several machines at once. A threshing machine does the work more quickly and more smoothly than the peasant who beats
his grain with a flail. But such comparisons are childish and an insult to intelligence. The bottle-making machine, the power loom, the threshing machine are only the end product of a vast technical process which encompasses an immense amount of work. One cannot compare the performance of a specialized machine with that of one craftsman, for the comparison is meaningless and futile. There is no machine product which does not involve the entire technical organization, no beer bottle and no suit which do not presuppose it. Consequently, there is no work process which can be treated as independent and isolated from this organization, as if it existed by itself like Robinson Crusoe upon his desert isle. No one has any doubt that the amount of work done by machines has grown. But how could it have grown without a corresponding increase in the amount of work done by men! For the human hand is the tool of tools, the tool that has created and now maintains the whole machine-tool arsenal. Never and nowhere does machine labor reduce the amount of manual labor, however large may be the number of workers tending machines. The machine replaces the worker only where the work can be done in a mechanical fashion. But the burden of which the worker is thus relieved does not vanish at the command of the technical magician. It is merely shifted to areas where work cannot be done mechanically. And, of course, this burden grows apace with the increase in the amount of mechanical work. No complicated calculations are needed to see this. It is sufficient to observe carefully the relation of the individual work process to the whole technical organization. This observation shows that every advance in mechanization brings with it an increase in manual labor. Those who are not convinced need only consider that our working methods are not restricted to one nation, or one continent. They strive to master all the nations of the earth, and the biggest share of hard and dirty work is piled upon the shoulders of people who have no part in the invention of the technical organization.
III - THE DELUSION OF WEALTH Mostly deeply rooted of all the illusions which technical progress creates is probably that of the riches produced by it. At bottom, no one doubts that industry increases our riches, and that it does so all the more, the further industrialization is spread by technical progress. It appears that there are historical and economic situations encouraging such a conviction – there are periods of prosperity which seem to strengthen and support it, the most fruitful being those brought about by the head start in mechanization which a few European nations had secured. It was an advantage resulting from a position of monopoly which could not be maintained, which dwindled away as technical thinking spread around the earth. It would be as interesting to study the causes of these advantages created by technical progress, as it would be to determine the events which put an end to them. The common feature of every advantage of this sort is the exploitation of a propitious situation. But what are riches? If we want to get to the bottom of the thing, this question must be asked. The notions on this point are full of confusion, owing to jumbled concepts. Riches, by definition, are either a being or a having. If I conceive of them as a being, it is obvious that I am rich not because I have much – rather, all having is dependent upon the riches of my nature. So conceived, riches are not something which alight upon man or fly away from him; they are an endowment of nature, subject to neither will nor effort. They are original wealth, an added measure of freedom which blossoms forth in certain human beings. For riches and freedom are inseparably joined together, so intimately that riches of any kind can be appraised by the measure of freedom they contain. Riches in this sense may even be identical with poverty; a rich being is consistent with a not-having, with a lack of material possessions. Homer means just this when he calls the beggar a king. Only such riches as are mine by nature can I fully command and enjoy. Where riches consist in having, the capacity for enjoying them does not necessarily go with them. It may be lacking – a frequent case. Where riches are one with rank, they also have that strength that is subject neither to change nor chance. They are as lasting and stable as are
those treasures that cannot be spent nor consumed by time. But riches that are a mere having may be taken from me at any moment. Most men, it is true, believe that riches are created by one's enriching himself – a delusion they have in common with all the rabble on earth. Only poverty can enrich itself. Poverty, by analogy with riches, is either a not-being or a not-having. Where it is not-being, it cannot be conceived as identical with riches which are being. Where it is not-having, it may be identical with riches: when a material not-having coincides with a rich being. In all Indo-Germanic languages, riches are conceived as a being. In German, "rich" (reich) and "realm" (Reich) are of the same root. For "rich" here means no less than mighty, noble, regal, as one finds it in the Latin regius. And Reich is the same as the Latin rex, and the Sanskrit rajan, meaning king. Thus, riches in the original meaning are nothing else than the ruling, regal power and force in man. This original significance has been buried, particularly by the jargon of the economists who equate riches with economic having. But no one sensing the truth of the deeper meaning would want to accept so vulgar a conception. Possession of money, the sheer having of money, is contemptible, and it always becomes contemptible if it falls into the hands of that poverty which denotes a not-being. Unfailingly, the mark of riches is that they lavish abundance like the Nile. Riches are the regal nature in man which goes through him like veins of gold. Riches can never be created by him who is born only to eat up – the mere consumer. Can I become rich at all, by work or any other means? I can if I conceive riches as a having. What I do not have, I may have at some future time. What I do not have, I may have had in the past. The most ingenious definition of riches as a having is that of Aristotle. He defines riches as an abundance of tools. It is worth noting that he gives a technical definition and not an economic one. But to get back to our subject: Is technology identical with an abundance of tools? True, there is no lack of tools, although not of the kind Aristotle means in his definition, for he has neither mechanisms nor machinery in mind. By definition, technology is really nothing but a rationalization of the work process.1 But when have riches ever been created by rationalization? Is rationalization a sign of riches at all? Does it stem
from abundance? Is its aim abundance? Or is it not rather a method which is used wherever a lack is felt, wherever want is suffered? At what moment does it occur to the working human being to rationalize his work process? At the moment when he wants to save labor, when he becomes aware that he can get the fruits of his work in a quicker, easier, cheaper way. But how can the endeavor to cheapen things create riches? By raising the work performance and producing more goods, it will be answered. Indeed, just such an answer can be expected from the shallow mentality of the economist. If the result could be achieved as cheaply as that, we who are heirs to the pioneering work of generations should literally be swimming in riches of every kind. If we could get riches by raising production, by increasing the output of labor, we should have got them long ago, for the amount of mechanical and manual labor we are performing has been on the increase for a long time. If it were so, the signs of wealth would be apparent everywhere: greater freedom, greater happiness, greater abundance. But there is no trace of this. The fact that technical progress has enriched a small and not always pleasant group of industrialists, entrepreneurs, and inventors must not mislead us to the conclusion that it has created riches. It would be just as wrong for us to harbor the foolish notion that some exceptionally noble race of men had created our technology, or that scientists, scholars, and inventors were charitable by nature, for they are not. Their knowledge has nothing to do with riches, and therein lies the difference between all merely erudite knowledge and the knowledge of the wise. In the words of Pindar, wise is he who knows by nature much, in contrast to him who has accumulated much learning on the surface. Where increased production and increased work are the consequences of a scarcity that had to be relieved, where they are due to an increase in consumption, they obviously cannot create riches. Every rationalization is the consequence of scarcity. The expansion and constant perfection of the technical apparatus are not merely the result of the technician's urge for power; they are just as much the result of want. This is why the human situation characteristic of our machine world is poverty. And this poverty
cannot be overcome by any technological efforts; it is inherent in technology itself; it has marched in step with the industrial age and it will do so to the end. It marches on in the shape of the proletarian, brings the man who has no homestead and grows no ear of corn, who has nothing but his bare working capacity, and who is tied to technical progress for better or worse. Therefore, it makes no difference whether the technical apparatus is controlled by the capitalist, or by the proletarian, or run directly by the state. Poverty remains because it is in the nature of the thing, because it is the infallible by-product of technical thinking, which is completely rationalist. True, there has always been and always will be poverty, because the poverty which by definition is a not-being cannot be resolved and by its very nature will always be with us. But the poverty produced by technological progress has something specific about it which sets it apart . It can never be conquered by an unfolding of rational thought, nor by attaining the ultimate in rational work organization.
IV - THE DISTRIBUTION OF POVERTY The belief that technical organization can create something beyond its technical objectives needs reexamination. We must discover the role which illusion plays in this context. Today, faith in the magic power of technical organization is more widely held than ever, and there is no lack of eulogists who extol it as a cure-all. But every process of organization has two sides, and if we want to count its cost, we must first understand its double-edged nature. There is no need to deny the advantages of technical organization, or the extension of power it brings, but it will be well to recognize clearly the limits of its effectiveness. We are using here the concept "organization" in the definite and limited sense it has in the vocabulary of technical progress. It comprises all the influences which the development of the machine exerts upon man. If we look at a large automaton such as a 30,000-ton liner powered with Diesel engines, we find that the ship's crew is subordinate to an organization which is a functioning of the ship's mechanism and is determined by that mechanism's size, structure, and technical equipment. This relationship between the technical apparatus and the organization of human labor is a ubiquitous feature; we shall come back to it shortly. To find the limits of technical organization, the question must be asked: What is its object? It will not do to answer: Man, and all the resources at his disposal. A distinction needs to be made between what is organized already and those things which have not been organized because, so far, the technical organization has not absorbed them fully, or not at all. Obviously, the object of the organization cannot be what is already organized; the organization must necessarily seize upon the things as yet unorganized, for only they offer the means to keep the organization alive. If I manufacture nuts and bolts, the material I am using will not be finished nuts and bolts but iron melted from crude ore. But here a peculiar and compelling law governs. Where there is plenty of unorganized material, organization is slight. Where material dwindles, organization begins to extend and intensify itself. Clearly one cannot forbid ocean fishing, because the ocean is so big and full of fish that an organization placing ocean fishing under definite regulations would
make poor sense. Wherever such regulations exist, as in the international agreements on whaling and sealing, they are due to an anticipation of scarcity, the fear that ruthless and excessive hunting might reduce or wipe out the stock of game. The purpose of such organization is obvious. Its salient feature is not that it increases riches, but that it distributes poverty. But when poverty is distributed something occurs that cannot be prevented: it spreads. Thus it has to be distributed constantly anew; it has to be distributed continually, and so it spreads ever wider. Unorganized material decreases in proportion until the point is reached where the organization collapses, because nothing is left to be distributed, for when the number of whales has been reduced by ruthless whaling to the point where the hunt no longer makes sense, whaling stops. It is not at all certain that whales will become extinct in just this fashion – but if they do not, it will not be due to any merit of the whaling organization, whose technical equipment approaches perfection in the same ratio as the number of whales dwindles. This exact proportion applies to all organizations which are based on exploitation, whether they are concerned with whales, ore, oil, guano, or what-have-you. We have chosen the example of whaling simply because it is a singularly revolting case, for it is revolting that man chases these great sea mammals, embodiments of the might, the abundance, the loveliness of their element, thinking only of turning them into train-oil and soap. No one would consider rationing wealth and plenty, but scarcity and want immediately call forth regulation. The mark of these scarcity organizations is that they neither produce nor increase anything. They only mine the wealth already existing, and they do it all the better, the more rationally they are contrived. There is no clearer, no more infallible sign of poverty than the progressive rationalization of organization, the comprehensive administration and management of man by a bureaucracy of experts especially trained for the task. Speaking in the technician's terms, the best organization is that which is most rationalized – that is, the one which exploits to the fullest extent. For the more rational it is, the more inexorably it mines available resources. In an economy based upon the exhaustion of
resources, the organization alone survives intact and unimpaired – its power grows as poverty spreads. The relation is reciprocal – unorganized materials vanish as the organization extends. And as poverty spreads, the pressure of the organization upon man increases, for it becomes more urgent to squeeze the last drop from him too. This mercilessness is characteristic of all moments of human distress. Beleaguered towns, blockaded countries, ships whose food and water are running low show like conditions. Technical progress – and we shall have occasion to return to this point – is coupled with a growth of organization, with a mushrooming bureaucracy. It requires an enormous personnel, a personnel which is wholly unproductive, yet increasing
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ici görünüyor, ancak modaya uygun fiyasko herkese olur.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>وزارت خارجه روسیه به طرف انگلیسی توصیه کرده، بجای متهم کردن بی پایه و اساس، به تحقیقات واقعی درباره حوادث رخ داده در این کشور بپردازد. در این بیانیه آمده است: «شما قصد ندارید به موضوع جدیدی پرداخته و نسبت به اتفاقات رخ داده در داخل کشور خود، تحقیقات واقعی انجام دهید!»
پیش از این وزیر دفاع انگلیس روسیه را متهم به دست داشتن در قتل یک شهروند انگلیس متهم کرد. وی گفته بود: «واقعیت این است که روسیه به خاک انگلیس حمله کرده و این حمله منجر به کشته شدن یک شهروند بریتالنیایی شده است.» وی برای ثابت کردن این ادعای خود، هیچ دلیلی ارائه نکرد.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>●原只水果的膳食纤维可延缓碳水化合物吸收，有助降低餐后血糖
●香蕉葡萄有助健康人预防糖尿病，但糖友却不宜多吃
日前，《英国医学会杂志》刊登了一项大型前瞻性队列研究的报道。在这项研究中，美国研究者发现，蓝莓、西梅、苹果和雪梨等水果的摄入与2型糖尿病发病风险显著下降有关，但换算为等量的果汁后，却增加了风险。专家分析，这种差异与原只水果中丰富的膳食纤维有关。
但是，香蕉、葡萄等水果，在研究中被发现可助健康人降低糖尿病风险，另一边却又不适宜糖尿病患者。专家解释，这是因为对于糖代谢正常人群，水果中的植物化合物对糖尿病的预防起了主要作用；但对于糖尿病患者，水果中的碳水化合物对血糖的影响更大，建议糖尿病患者血糖控制不好时，可用青瓜、西红柿来代替水果，并最好到营养科看看，由营养科医生制定个性化的食谱。
文/记者伍仞 通讯员陈建伟、魏星
医学指导/广州市武警医院营养科主任曾晶、广州市第一人民医院内分泌科主任陈定宇、广州医学院荔湾医院大内科主任兼内分泌科主任罗宏斌
研究：每周三份原只水果可降低糖尿病发病风险
该项研究共对187382名参与者进行了18~24年的跟踪随访。在纳入研究前，这些参与者都没有重大慢性病，随访期间共有12198人最终患上糖尿病。研究者综合其他因素后发现，以“1”表示一般患2型糖尿病的风险值，无论吃的是哪种水果，每周吃三份水果，患2型糖尿病的风险为0.98。按不同类型的水果分类，有部分水果和2型糖尿病风险显著下降有关，分别为：蓝莓0.74、葡萄和葡萄干0.88、西梅0.89、苹果和雪梨0.93、香蕉0.95、西柚0.95、李子桃子和杏子0.97、橙子0.99。
不过，以上都有一个前提——这些水果是原只吃的。因为把水果换成等量果汁后，2型糖尿病的综合风险比为1.08。
分析：原只水果富含膳食纤维
看过该研究的报道后，广州市武警医院营养科主任曾晶分析，原只水果中的膳食纤维是使糖尿病风险降低的一个原因。水果中的纤维主要分为两种，一种是香蕉、桃、西瓜等水果中的水溶性膳食纤维，另一种是苹果、雪梨、橙等水果中的纤维素和半纤维素。前一种要做水果汁时往往不用榨，只需要搅拌即可，做成果汁时果肉中的纤维会断裂、被破坏；而后一种做成水果汁通常需要靠榨，并且榨汁后会剩下果肉“渣”，人们在喝果汁时一般是不吃“渣”的，纤维素的摄入就更少了。
膳食纤维的好处在于，能增加人的饱腹感、延缓胃排空，无形中使人胃口变小、避免过食。水溶性膳食纤维在胃肠道内和淀粉等碳水化合物交织在一起，延缓碳水化合物的吸收，可以降低餐后血糖。纤维素对人体的作用首先在于促进胃肠道蠕动，加快食物通过胃肠道，减少吸收，从而降低血糖、血脂。除此以外，纤维吸附在胃肠道壁上，也能从物理上相对隔绝食物，减少或延缓糖和脂肪酸的吸收。因此，有研究显示，同样的营养成分，以固体和液体的形式摄入，摄入固体后除了饱腹感更强以外，血糖、血脂升高的幅度较液体小。
广州医学院荔湾医院大内科主任兼内分泌科主任罗宏斌认为，水果汁比原只水果更快被人体消化吸收，使血糖在短时间内迅速升高。血糖反复升高，会造成胰岛细胞损伤，如此一来便增加了2型糖尿病的风险。而自己动口去咀嚼、消化纤维会动用更多能量，也更利于降低糖尿病风险。
建议：血糖控制不好 可用青瓜西红柿代替水果
细心的读者，尤其是糖尿病患者会发现，研究中所发现的能降低糖尿病风险的几种水果中，包括香蕉、葡萄这些升糖指数较高的水果。为何同一种水果，健康人吃了能降低糖尿病风险，但对于已经患上糖尿病的人来说，却不宜多吃呢？
“要注意的是，相关水果使糖代谢正常人群糖尿病风险降低的作用机制，和使糖尿病患者血糖升高的作用机制，是不一样的，所以在两种不同人群上可能有不同作用。”曾晶表示。
正常人群，均衡饮食、适当多吃蔬菜水果有利于健康，而糖尿病患者要控制碳水化合物摄入。日常饮食中碳水化合物主要来自主食、根茎类食物(玉米、土豆等)和水果。“我还能不能吃水果、能吃什么水果”是不少糖尿病患者关注的问题。
广州市第一人民医院内分泌科主任陈定宇介绍，能否吃水果首先要看患者的血糖控制水平，“如果血糖控制得不好，高到十几二十，就应该避免吃水果了。”另外，水果应该在两餐之间作为加餐，有利于血糖稳定，不适合在饭后马上吃。他表示，杨桃、番石榴属于含糖较低的水果，橙子、雪梨、桃子等属中等，西瓜、苹果、香蕉的糖含量较高，至于榴莲、葡萄、龙眼、荔枝等，糖尿病患者就不适宜吃了。
曾晶则介绍，如果血糖控制得不好，就可能要用青瓜、西红柿、柚子等来代替。另外，同一种水果之间也有不同。比如西红柿应选择大西红柿，而非圣女果，因为后者容易使血糖升高；而苹果中，青苹果就比蛇果好，因为苹果成熟的过程中不断合成淀粉，熟的苹果吃起来就更“粉”，也易升血糖。
曾晶提醒，糖尿病讲究综合治疗，饮食治疗有相当积极的作用，建议糖尿病患者最好到营养科向医生咨询。医生会根据患者的身高、体重、日常活动量、食物喜好等个体情况，给出一个总的建议摄入量，而且因为营养科医生更清楚每一种食物的营养成分含量，还可以分析每天每类食物应该吃什么、吃多少，制定个性化的糖尿病食谱。<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>A WICKED PACK OF CARDS: CULTURAL ALLUSIONS AND INTERTEXTUALITY IN ‘THE WASTE LAND’
Eliot once wrote that all literature had a simultaneous existence no matter where or when it was originally composed. He argued that no poet had his complete meaning alone and that ‘his appreciation is the appreciation of his relation to the dead poets’. He wrote this in his essay ‘Tradition and the Individual Talent’ and his poem, ‘The Waste Land’, illustrates this idea. An artistic patchwork that unites the traditions, myths, and beliefs of the East and West with its multitude of cultural allusions and various intertextual references, Eliot had to provide additional notes for some of his poem because it was so rich with literary and anthropological references. It’s a typical modernist poem in being such a collage, but it’s amazing just how much ‘The Waste Land’ depends on the work of other writers, and an understanding of other cultures, to make much sense at all.
THE WISEST WOMAN IN EUROPE
Take Madame Sosostris, for example. The poem clearly indicates she’s a mystic, a clairvoyant who can read Tarot cards, but a fuller appreciation of her role emerges when you realise she’s an allusion to Aldous Huxley’s novel Crome Yellow. Crome Yellow focuses on the disenchantment of an age that had seen The Great War and its aftermath, so referencing such a work adds to the mood Eliot is to build upon throughout ‘The Waste Land’. Additionally, in Crome Yellow, Sesostris is a man dressed as fortune teller woman, so now the character of ‘The Waste Land’ is also sexually ambiguous by association.
Ambiguity and ideas of transformation are key to Eliot’s poem: we have Philomel’s transformation into a bird; the use of Tiresias who changed sex; Actaeon’s transformation into a stag. There is also ambiguity in the role of narrator for it transforms several times throughout the various sections; rather than a consistent narrator figure there is a merging of voices, a fluidity of identity that crosses boundaries and knows no restriction of age, race, or gender. Madame Sosostris’s card of the Phoenician Sailor readies the reader for this as those ‘pearls that were his eyes’ alludes to Shakespeare’s The Tempest, the line featuring in Ariel’s song which is one of transformation ‘into something rich and strange’. In using so many cultural references, ‘The Waste Land’ does exactly that, making something rich and strange from its different sources.
HURRY UP PLEASE IT’S TIME
The concept of change is closely related to that of time. Eliot’s interest in this is emphasised by the repeated cry of ‘HURRY UP PLEASE IT’S TIME’, the pub call for last orders strikingly out of place alongside the various historical references within ‘The Waste Land’. The Sibyl, aging beyond normal mortality; Tiresias, resurrected from the dead to foresee the future; Philomel, living eternally as the nightingale: each of these figures embodies time. Madame Sosostris, too, is a similar figure for she is foretelling the future via her ‘wicked pack of cards’. She is a prophet figure like the Sibyl and Tiresias, and as her cards reveal the future, so do they foreshadow elements of the poem. The ‘drowned Phoenician Sailor’ appears later and ‘fear death by water’ warns of this forth section of the poem, whereas the ‘one-eyed merchant’ recurs as ‘Mr. Eugenides, the Smyrna merchant’ of part three. Eliot associates the ‘Hanged Man’ with the hooded figure of part five and the ‘crowds of people’ are met again flowing over London Bridge. Such internal allusions serve to create a sense of unity within an otherwise fragmented poem, developing themes and concerns which are highlighted as timeless by the historical allusions. It’s a particularly effective way to emphasise one theme of the poem: regeneration.
I DO NOT FIND THE HANGED MAN
In being self-referential and repetitive, and in employing allusions to previous works and myths to resurrect sources of the past, ‘The Waste Land’ is itself an act of regeneration. Figures emphasising this include ‘The Hanged Man’ of Madame Sosostris’s pack, associated in Eliot’s mind with the Hanged God of Frazer’s well-known book, The Golden Bough. This Norse god, Odin, drank from a well of knowledge, but he had to trade one of his eyes to do so, making him similar to the one-eyed merchant of line 52. The hanged god reference, however, comes from the time he speared himself and hung as a corpse, again in a desire for secret knowledge; after nine days and nights he was able to cast off death and thus become a figure of regeneration.
Yet despite these references to regeneration, there seems to be a contradictory desire for finality in the poem. Again, various allusions emphasise this. Sybil laments ‘I want to die’ in the epigraph and we are shown fear in the ‘handful of dust’ that is her longevity. References to Cleopatra, Dido, and Ophelia remind us of suicide, whilst the ‘shanti shanti shanti’ of the final line directly mimics the formal ending of Hindu literature. However, any possibility of an ending to ‘The Waste Land’ is denied entirely because of such references: allusions that flit back and forth across time mean the poem can’t finish.
Cultural references to regeneration and fertility make an otherwise bleak poem rather optimistic. The Fisher King of Arthurian legend, indicated here by the ‘man with three staves’, had a sickness that was reflected in the state of the country, his own weakness and sterility making it a barren waste land. He and his realm were one. Many have read Eliot’s poem as an expression of the disillusionment of a generation or a criticism of contemporary society and its effect on the individual, and it has become something of a cliché, but this allusion to The Fisher King also represents hope, for to cure the individual is to cure the land, and vice versa. The Fisher King also adds to the poem’s mythological feel, and in being without precise history, myth can explain past, present, and future, reminding the reader of Eliot’s views regarding literature and simultaneous existence. ‘The Waste Land’ is regenerative. It ‘breeds lilacs out of the dead land’ that is the past, ‘stirring dull roots with spring rain’ whilst at the same time using the past to interpret the present and future.
THERE ARE ONLY YOU AND I TOGETHER
Myth does more than extend the poem’s span across time or emphasise its significance; it creates a poem that is impersonal. There is no clear definition of the poet within ‘The Waste Land’ and the multicultural references, together with the fragmented structure, forces our attention to the content and deliberately makes identifying a singular poetic voice difficult. By employing the words and phrases of other poets before him, Eliot is able to keep his distance; he’s there, but he’s ‘the third who walks always beside you’, glimpsed but never really seen. ‘The Waste Land’ is less about writing and more about reading. Even Madame Sosostris, who may be considered a poet figure inasmuch as she reveals truth, is really primarily a reader for she finds her truths in cards which demand interpretation. But even she is forbidden to see the blank card which the merchant carries, suggesting that full interpretation will always be elusive.
THINKING OF THE KEY, EACH CONFIRMS A PRISON
Eliot’s poem defies any definitive reading, and he acknowledges this via figures like the Sibyl, Tiresias, and Madame Sosostris, figures associated with riddles. Considering the complexity of the poem, such references are very apt. But do you have to understand all of the puzzle to enjoy the poem? Certainly not; simply reading it aloud is enough for that. A deeper appreciation of ‘The Waste Land’ may come from understanding each allusion, but the use of so many that are obscure seems to mark a deliberate attempt to reintroduce an element of mystery to poetry, the intertextual references teasing with additional depths of meaning rather than simply validating the work by indirectly namedropping Ovid, Dante, Wagner, Milton, Shakespeare. There is barely a single line within the poem that does not refer to another source, be it another poem, the Bible, Greek, Roman, or Germanic myth, Eastern mantra or Australian army ballad, and readings of ‘The Waste Land’ are just as numerous and varied. The cultural references of the poem are rather like the cards of Madame Sosostris, each depending upon individual interpretation, for anything else would be too restrictive. Rather than existing independently in an apparently fragmented structure, and far from making a ‘sprawling chaotic poem’ as Eliot claimed, the allusions and intertextual references in ‘The Waste Land’ coexist to bind it into a unified pack that can be dealt and read again in different ways. It’s up to the reader just how ‘wicked’ they allow the pack to be.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>by Nick Engler
Wood is a cantankerous substance; there’s no two ways about it. Its virtues, of course, are legendary. It’s attractive, abundant and easy to work. Pound for pound, it’s stronger than steel. If properly finished and cared for it will last indefinitely. But none of that makes up for the fact that it’s a complex and often perplexing building material.Unlike metals and plastics, whose properties are fairly consistent, wood is wholly inconsistent. It expands and contracts in all directions, but not at the same rate
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the female while the male stands sentinel. The family stays very close to cover for several weeks, getting bolder as the young develop.
The family group pictured below has been visiting my yard recently. You can see two adult males, one in the middle and one on the right side of the screen and an adult female running up to the foraging group from the cover at the edge of the yard. You can see that they forage much like chickens, eating seeds, leaves, and flowers from grasses, shrubs, and trees as well as insects.
Looking at this photo of the chicks I took just four days before the video, it appears that they are going through their prebasic molt, making them at least seven weeks old. Note the down still on the head being replaced by feathers around the eye of the chick in the foreground.
In the group photo taken four days later of the family in the video, the chicks are completely feathered, leading me to believe it is a different family.
Two or more families of quail sometimes merge their young into aggregate groups which include the chicks and their parents2. On my way home tonight I saw three separate family groups, each with at least four adult birds and several young. These could be the beginning of the formation of coveys, post breeding season flocks that form when the chicks become independent at about three months old.
These coveys usually range is size from 27 to 73 individuals but researchers have suggested that in arid areas, larger groups are drawn to the same water source, thereby producing large, stable coveys2.
California Quail will chose to run from danger rather than fly but they will flush if forced and take flight to the nearest cover. When a large number of quail are flushed from a location unknown to you, it can be alarming. The sound, like an explosion, of all those wings flapping, can give you quite a scare.
The birds scatter, sometimes in different directions. This phenomenon can lead to an “assembly or rally call” which is often given when individuals become separated. During non-breeding season the call initiates the covey’s departure from the roosting site. In spring, the male seeking a mate will give a single note “advertisement call” as in the beginning of the recording linked above.
California Quail, being ground nesting game birds, have many predators which are assumed to be the primary cause of the specie’s mortality. Their main aerial predators are the Cooper’s Hawk and Sharp-shinned Hawk, but they are also taken by Red-tailed Hawks, Northern Harriers, Prairie Falcons and American Kestrels.
In addition to these aerial predators, their eggs and young are often taken by squirrels, gray foxes, house cats, coyotes, gopher snakes, rattlesnakes, raccoons, American Crows and Western Scrub-Jays. Let us also not forget the two-legged predator with a shotgun.
The quail’s only defenses consist of sentinel behavior by the male, alarm calls and retreat into the brush.
This is the reason that you will almost always find the male California Quail standing guard, usually perched atop a rock or other high vantage point, watching over his family or covey.
1 Baicich, Paul J. and Harrison, Colin J. O. (2005), Nests, Eggs, and Nestlings of North American Birds, Princeton: Princeton University Press
2 Birds of North America Online<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>24 Febbraio 1920
Il programma del Partito dei Lavoratori Tedeschi è epocale:
1. Noi chiediamo la riunificazione di tutti i tedeschi in una Grande Germania, nel rispetto del principio dell’autodeterminazione dei popoli.
2. Noi chiediamo che il popolo tedesco abbia gli stessi diritti di quelli di altre nazioni e che i Trattati di Pace di Versailles e di St. Germain vengano abrogati.
3. Noi chiediamo territori (colonie) per il sostentamento del nostro popolo e per garantire spazio vitale alla popolazione eccedente.
4. Solo coloro che sono nostri compatrioti possono diventare cittadini tedeschi. Solo coloro che hanno il sangue tedesco, indipendentemente dal credo religioso che professano, possono essere nostri compatrioti. Per questi motivi nessun Ebreo può essere considerato un compatriota.
5. Coloro i quali non sono cittadini tedeschi possono vivere in Germania come stranieri e devono essere soggetti alle leggi sugli stranieri.
6. Il diritto di scegliere il governo e di stabilire le leggi dello Stato apparterrà solo ai cittadini Tedeschi. Chiediamo quindi che nessun ufficio pubblico, sia nel governo centrale, provinciale o comunale, possa essere gestito da chi non è un cittadino tedesco. Noi ci consideriamo in guerra contro l’attuale sistema parlamentare corrotto, dove le cariche pubbliche vengono assegnate dai Partiti a persone di favore che non posseggono le necessarie capacità e idoneità a ricoprirle.
7. Noi chiediamo che lo Stato si impegni soprattutto ad assicurare ad ogni cittadino la possibilità di vivere decentemente, guadagnando quanto necessario al proprio sostentamento. Qualora non fosse possibile raggiungere questo obbiettivo per tutti, gli stranieri (cioè i non Tedeschi) dovranno essere espulsi dal Reich.
8. Qualsiasi ulteriore immigrazione di non-Tedeschi dovrà essere bloccata. Noi chiediamo che a tutti i non-Tedeschi entrati in Germania dal 2 agosto 1914 in poi, venga imposto di lasciare immediatamente il Reich.
9. Tutti i cittadini devono avere uguali diritti e uguali doveri.
10. Il primo dovere di ogni cittadino deve essere quello di lavorare con le braccia o con la mente. Nessun individuo svolgerà lavori che non siano nell'interesse della collettività.
Chiediamo pertanto:
11. Che tutte le rendite e i redditi non derivanti da lavoro, vengano aboliti e che venga eliminata la Schiavitù dell'Interesse.
12. Poiché ogni guerra impone al popolo tremendi sacrifici economici e di sangue, tutto il profitto individuale derivante da essa dovrà essere considerato un tradimento nei confronti del popolo stesso. Chiediamo pertanto la confisca totale di tali profitti.
13. Chiediamo la nazionalizzazione di tutti i monopoli.
14. Chiediamo la compartecipazione agli utili delle grandi industrie.
15. Chiediamo un generoso aumento delle pensioni di vecchiaia.
16. Chiediamo la creazione e il mantenimento di un sano ceto medio, l'affidamento immediato alle comunità locali di grandi negozi da dare in affitto a basso costo ai piccoli commercianti che dovranno però garantire la fornitura degli approvvigionamenti necessari allo Stato, alle Province e ai Comuni.
17. Chiediamo una riforma agraria che sia conforme alle esigenze Nazionali e la promulgazione di una legge che consenta di espropriare le terre necessarie al bene comune, senza alcuna compensazione economica per i proprietari. Chiediamo inoltre l'abolizione dei canoni d'affitto sui terreni e il divieto di speculare sulla terra.
18. Chiediamo di intraprendere una guerra spietata nei confronti di coloro che operano contro il bene comune. Traditori, usurai, profittatori, ecc….. dovranno essere puniti con la morte, indipendentemente dalla razza alla quale appartengono o dal credo religioso che professano.
19. Chiediamo che il Diritto Romano, che tende a sviluppare l’ordinamento del mondo in senso materialistico, sia sostituito dal Diritto Comune Tedesco.
20. Per rendere possibile ad ogni tedesco capace ed attivo, di ricevere la più elevata istruzione ed avere quindi l'opportunità di raggiungere posizioni di comando, è necessario che lo Stato si assuma la responsabilità di organizzare il sistema culturale della Nazione. I programmi di studio di tutti gli istituti didattici saranno adattati alle esigenze della vita reale. Il concetto di Stato dovrà essere insegnato nelle scuole sin dai primi anni. Chiediamo che i bambini particolarmente dotati e figli di genitori poveri, indipendentemente dalla professione che questi ultimi svolgono, vengano istruiti a spese dello Stato.
21. Lo Stato ha il dovere di migliorare il livello sanitario nazionale creando centri di assistenza alla maternità, vietando il lavoro minorile, sviluppando l'attività fisica attraverso l'introduzione di giochi e ginnastica obbligatori e sostenendo l'attività di associazioni che si occupano dell'educazione fisica dei giovani.
22. Chiediamo la creazione di un esercito nazionale popolare.
23. Chiediamo che venga intrapresa un’azione giudiziaria contro coloro che propagandano deliberatamente menzogne politiche diffondendole attraverso la stampa. Per rendere possibile la creazione di una stampa tedesca, noi chiediamo che:
(a) Tutti i direttori di quotidiani pubblicati in lingua tedesca e i loro collaboratori, siano cittadini tedeschi.
(b) I Quotidiani non tedeschi siano pubblicati solo dietro espressa autorizzazione dello Stato, ma non in lingua tedesca.
(c) Tutti gli interessi finanziari che per qualsiasi motivo possano influenzare i quotidiani tedeschi, siano proibiti per legge ai non-Tedeschi e chiediamo che la pena per la violazione di questa legge sia la soppressione immediata del quotidiano e l'espulsione dei colpevoli dal Reich.
Chiediamo che vengano soppressi i quotidiani che agiscono contro il bene comune. Chiediamo un'azione giudiziaria contro quelle tendenze che nell'arte e nella letteratura hanno un'influenza negativa sulla vita del nostro Popolo e che ogni organizzazione che operi od agisca in contrasto con le sopra elencate richieste venga sciolta.
24. Chiediamo libertà di culto per tutte le fedi religiose, in quanto esse non mettono in pericolo l'esistenza dello Stato e non offendono il senso morale ed etico della razza tedesca. Il Partito in quanto tale, rappresenta il punto di vista di una positiva Cristianità senza peraltro legarsi a nessuna particolare confessione religiosa. Esso combatte contro lo spirito materialista degli Ebrei ed è convinto che una ripresa economica duratura del nostro Paese possa realizzarsi nel rispetto del principio:
"Il Bene Comune al di sopra dell'Interesse Individuale"
25. Per portare a compimento questo programma, chiediamo la creazione di una forte autorità centrale nello Stato e l'incondizionata autorità dello Stato e delle sue Organizzazioni sul Parlamento.
Chiediamo la creazione di commissioni in rappresentanza delle varie professioni e strati sociali del Reich per assicurare che le leggi promulgate dall'autorità centrale siano rispettate e fatte rispettare dagli stati federati.
I leader del Partito si impegnano a realizzare gli obbiettivi sopraelencati ad ogni costo sacrificando, qualora fosse necessario, anche la propria vita.
Fonte del documento originale:
© 1996 The Avalon Project
Traduzione di UGO PERSIANI
Copyright © Triboo Media s.r.l. Leonardo.it è testata giornalistica di proprietà di Triboo Media s.r.l. (società a socio unico) - Viale Sarca 336 - Edificio 16 20126 Milano (MI)
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CAP. SOC. EURO 28.740.210 I.V. - P.IVA 02387250307 - COD. FISC. e numero iscrizione al registro delle imprese CCIAA MI : 02387250307<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>سازمان بیمه سلامت فقط کسانی را میتواند رایگان بیمه کند که وزارت رفاه به صورت رسمی اعلام کند که در دهک یک تا سه قرار دارند.مدیرعامل سازمان بیمه سلامت
طاهر موهبتی، درباره همکاری وزارت رفاه برای انجام ارزیابی وسع گفت: بر اساس آیین نامه، وزارت رفاه باید بر اساس اطلاعات ثبت شده در پایگاه اطلاعات ایرانیان ظرف یک ماه ارزیابی وسع را انجام داده و به بیمه سلامت اعلام کند.
وی عنوان کرد: فقط پوشش بیمه اجباری سلامت بر عهده سازمان بیمه سلامت است. اگر کسی میخواهد از یارانه دولت استفاده کند باید فرم مربوطه را پر کند و این فرم برای وزارت رفاه ارسال میشود. اگر وزارت رفاه دهک فرد را یک تا سه اعلام کرد، همه حق بیمه توسط دولت پرداخت میشود.
موهبتی افزود: اگر وزارت رفاه ظرف یک ماه اعلام نظر نکرد، فرد بیمه رایگان نمیشود. با این حال سازمان بیمه سلامت فقط کسی را میتواند رایگان بیمه کند که وزارت رفاه به صورت رسمی اعلام کند که در دهک یک تا سه قرار داشته باشد. ۵۰ درصد حق بیمه کسی توسط دولت پرداخت میشود که بر اساس اعلام وزارت رفاه، فرد در دهک چهار قرار داشته باشد.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Qt Canberra
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富丽堂皇的堪培拉Qt酒店提供禁烟的房间，那些房间紧靠Andes山脉和Burley Griffin湖壮观的景观。
酒店坐落于很好的位置，距离堪培拉中心，格里贝公园及坎培拉博物館暨美術館共550米。 堪培拉城市中心和酒店之间的距离是3公里。
酒店离公园和丘陵不远，所以客人可享受自然的美丽。
堪培拉Qt酒店距离坎培拉國際機場机场仅10分钟。
堪培拉Qt酒店所有的房间设有咖啡/茶设施，遮光窗帘，无线网络上网，熨烫设施和分开的洗手间。 堪培拉Qt酒店提供山脉风景的客房。 客房提供标准的装修及地毯的地板。
每天综合的早餐在餐厅提供。 在24小时餐厅客人可以享用海鲜菜肴。 Walls Of This Historical酒吧邀请客人来放轻松并享受饮料。 附近有提供各种各样饭菜的Locanda Italian Steakhouse及Hog's Breath Cafe，只需5分钟的步行。
一日之计在於晨，享受一顿AUD 26 每人每晚的自助餐早餐，开始您美好的一天。
欢迎堪培拉Qt酒店的住客使用会议室和复印机。
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客房数量： 205.
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地址: 1 London Circuit电话： +61 2 6247 1488
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客人回顾是我们的用户在酒店逗留后提交的意见 堪培拉Qt酒店
地理位置很好 室内很干净 服务很好
床铺太小 入住通知单应该改为 “街名+门牌号” 而不是经纬度 上网应该免费 入住的客人应该免存车费<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>HydroCAD® Stormwater Modeling - Since 1986
Modeling a roof or roof drains
To model a roof requires consideration of two separate issues: The runoff from rainfall, and in the case of a flat roof, the possible storage and retention of water.
For all roofs, the runoff should be modeled using a subcatchment of suitable area, curve number, and time-of-concentration. A curve number of 98 is commonly used for imp
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about in the UK Database of Uncertainties about the Effects of Treatments (DUETs).
The main aim of DUETs is to help people decide which of the unanswered questions are most important, such as how prostate cancer should be managed.
DUETs identifies the need for future research using guidelines from the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) and other publications which highlight gaps in knowledge. Researchers also have increasing interest in the questions that matter to people who are ill, their families, and others who care for them.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>
◎ 一个有雪的早晨 (阅读2908次)|
一个有雪的早晨，
我将手探出窗外。
我将触到黑暗之灵的柔软肉身，白色
比太阳更早地升起。
我可能在窗后饮酒，忽而清醒如水，
见流年的月覆着细路隐去。
我知道早晨如何被开启。
让白色在我手中变为一张纸；
它可以坚硬如金
折射我握笔的手指
已故事般弯曲。
我要安慰我的朋友。
几时我们在水边绕着圈，
枝头的鸟飞走后
倒流的水注满那个季节，
我们即将相握的手也记下同样的印痕。
有时候我口中发出叹息。
秋天的树也将穿过冬天，
落叶满地
像是长长的金黄的袍子，
披在什么人的身上。
2006-2-8<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Mentre i padroni dei cani li portano a passeggio, io, non avendo cani nè guinzagli, porto a spasso me stessa, di corsa e senza guinzagli.
La differenza tra me e i cani, è che loro fanno la cacca dove capita, io invece aspetto di essere a casa sul vater.
Il che implica che, quando porto a spasso me stessa, giacché sono anche un po' scassata nelle giunture e devo correre nei prati, devo fare la gimcana tra le cacche dei cani. Non è così male, è una specie di percorso a ostacoli.
Però, qui a Torino, ci sono un sacco di persone con i guantini e i sacchettini di nylon, che recuperano tutti i prodotti dei loro fedeli amici a quattrozampe. Quindi la gimcana segue un percorso abbastanza umano.
A Nizza, il problema era più pesante. Quando correvo, non solo nei prati, ma anche sui marciapiedi, a volte era dura trovare un buco tra gli escrementi in cui infilare la punta del piede. Immaginate uno skateboarder a Nizza. Parte da casa che lui + lo skate sono alti una cosa come 1m90. Quando torna superano i 2m30. Per le cacche che si sono arrotolate intorno alle ruote.
Ma sorto il problema trovata la soluzione.
Una bella raccolta cacche, ché le raccolte a premi piacciono sempre.
Hai raccolto 100 cacche? Vinci un collare pulcioso.
Ne hai raccolte 500? Vinci un collare antipulci.
1000 cacche? Una bella sabbiera.
E così via.
Rimane da decidere chi si occuperà di convogliare le cacche raccolte e di verificarne l'originalità.
...
Ché non vorrei che poi qualcuno barasse.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Mersin'de, Türkiye Sualtı Sporları Federasyonu'nun (TSSF) 2016 yılı faaliyet programlarından olan TSSF Paletli Yüzme Kulüplerarası Büyükler Türkiye Şampiyonası yarışmalarında performanslarıyla göz dolduran sporcular 18 Türkiye rekoruna imza attı. Mersin Gençlik Hizmetleri ve Spor İl Müdürlüğü Olimpik Yüzme Havuzu'nda gerçekleştirilen şampiyonluk yarışmalarında 23 spor kulübünden sporcuların yanı sıra bireysel olarak da 22 paletli yüzme sporcusu kıyasıya mücadele etti.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Each new astronomical discovery points out just how mysterious our universe truly is. While conclusive proof of the existence of dark matter has yet to be found, several new astronomical developments this year continue to hint at the presence of so-called “dark” matter and the mysterious role it plays in the universe.
To add to this mystery, an international team of astronomers led by researchers at Tohoku University in Japan have recently detected the presence of a mysterious dwarf galaxy orbiting our own Milky Way. If confirmed, this discovery could help shed light on the “missing satellite problem,” which argues that the universe should contain many more galaxies than are currently observable and suggests the widespread presence of dark matter throughout the cosmos.
This new dwarf galaxy has been named Virgo I, and measures roughly 248 light-years across, as opposed to the Milky Way which is estimated to be between 100,000 and 180,000 light-years in diameter. Virgo I lies around 280,000 light-years from our Sun in the direction of the Virgo constellation.
The discovery was made using the massive Subaru Telescope in Hawai’i. Lead researcher Masashi Chiba believes this discovery could shed light on some of the more enduring mysteries surrounding our galactic home and its creation:
This discovery implies hundreds of faint dwarf satellites waiting to be discovered in the halo of the Milky Way. How many satellites are indeed there and what properties they have, will give us an important clue of understanding how the Milky Way formed and how dark matter contributed to it.
If the researchers’ published data is confirmed, this new galaxy will be recorded as the faintest known galaxy in the observable universe, meaning this find could potentially confirm some long-held theories about the presence of dark matter or other so-called “dark” galaxies throughout the cosmos. The announcement of this new galaxy comes on the heels of the discovery of two other dark galaxies earlier this year, made possible by improvements in telescopic imaging technology.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Warning: this is not for the squeamish.
A Vietnamese woman went to the hospital with a pain in her ear.
The doctor was surprised to see a live cockroach burrowing into her ear canal. The bug was stuck because it’s body was too big to fit.
You can watch as the insect is removed . . . in pieces.
We wondered how often this happens – turns out it’s all the time! Check out this on the termites blog.
Can a Cockroach get in your ear? The answer is YES, they do! The Cockroaches are known for crawling into the ears of people quite often. According to a study that was done between 2001 and 2003, cockroaches do this more than most other bugs.
Cockroaches are not crawling in ears because they want to hurt you. They are just looking for a nice place to settle. Cockroaches like to squeeze into tiny spaces in order to retreat. They particularly like dark places to explore at night, which gives them the perfect opportunity to crawl into the ears of humans while they’re sleeping on their beds.
Symptoms of Cockroach in The Ear
When you have a strange object in the ear canal, like a cockroach, then it will certainly feel uncomfortable. You may also have trouble hearing things out of that ear too. If the cockroach injures the eardrum or ear canal, you will feel pain in that ear as well. Sometimes the outer ear canal may even get infected, causing a ringing in that ear or a dry cough that is ongoing. If you are awake when the cockroach enters your ear canal, you should hear a buzzing and feel some kind of tickling sensation. But this tickle won’t last long because a bite or stinging feeling in the ear canal may follow.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Cashews are not only a delicious and versatile nut, but they also offer many health benefits. Here’s why you should incorporate them into your diet this fall.
Cashews fight the winter blues.
Many of us find it difficult to catch up. With the start of the school year and the resumption of work, prepare to switch to winter time. All of these factors can lead to feelings of sadness, loneliness and fatigue. However, there may be a simple way to beat the winter blues: eat cashews. Cashews are a good source of tryptophan, an amino acid that helps the body produce serotonin. This neurotransmitter that helps regulate mood and stimulate well-being. In addition to tryptophan, cashews are also a good source of magnesium, another nutrient that has been linked to improved mood.
Cashews promote weight loss.
Cashews are often touted as a healthy snack option, and for good reason. Besides being a good source of protein and fiber, cashews are also low in calories and fat. Studies have shown that eating a handful of cashews daily can support weight loss. One study found that women who ate a diet high in monounsaturated fats, such as those found in cashews, lost more weight than those who ate a diet high in saturated fat. Cashews are also a good source of magnesium, which has been shown to boost metabolism and promote fat burning.
Cashew nuts fight seasonal pathologies.
They are not only a delicious snack, but they also have surprising health benefits. For example, studies have shown that cashews can help fight seasonal illnesses such as colds and flu. Walnuts contain a substance called anacardic acid, which has antiviral and antibacterial properties. Also, cashews are a good source of zinc, a mineral that helps boost the immune system. So the next time you feel bad, grab a handful of cashews instead of a sweet treat. You may find that they give you the boost you need to get better.
Cashews improve oral health.
Cashews are well known for their creamy texture and nutty taste, but they also offer a variety of health benefits. In particular, cashews can help improve oral health. Since they contain high levels of zinc. This mineral helps fight bacteria and keep gums healthy. Additionally, the oils in cashews can help reduce plaque buildup and keep teeth clean. And because they are a source of vitamin C, cashews can also help prevent gum disease.
Cashews promote relaxation.
Did you know that a handful of cashews could help you fall asleep easily? Eh yes ! It looks like cashews won’t stop impressing us. Indeed, it is tryptophans that contribute to the production of serotonin. This stimulates our sense of well-being. The neurotransmitter serotonin regulates our mood and favors our relaxation. Also, its richness in magnesium plays an important role in improving the quality of sleep. This may also be important to remember for those who suffer from sleep disorders or nocturnal awakenings. Always have cashews at home and eat them when you can for a good night’s sleep.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Everybody wants to own the end of the world.
Don De Lillo, Zero K
04/04/2020
Quanto è banale abbozzare un intervento critico sulla pandemia, nel pieno della quarantena imposta per mitigare l’evento? M’interpella così la sindrome dell’impostore mentre batto sulla tastiera le prime parole di questo testo, che vorrebbe riflettere intorno a quello che mi appare come un fatto: non esiste un’immagine simbolo della pandemia.
Permettetemi un paragone con l’unico evento di portata storica comparabile che mi sia stato dato possibile vivere: l’undicesimo giorno di settembre dell’anno 2001. Prodotte e riprodotte incessantemente nei giorni mesi e anni successivi dall’apparato mediatico, le immagini del secondo schianto ci sono state imposte come epitome di quel giorno, l’alpha e l’omega di un momento epocale. “Nulla sarà mai più come prima”. Ecco come suonava la dichiarazione che faceva da didascalia al disintegrarsi del velivolo; al suo vaporizzarsi in una nuvola di fuoco nell’istante del contatto con quel fragile costrutto di cemento e acciaio che fu la seconda torre del World Trade Center.
Esistono immagini di tale portata, di magnitudo così elevata per raccontare ciò che stiamo vivendo? Più mi trovo a compulsare gli hub della distribuzione cognitiva globale e più mi convinco che manca un’immagine che possa chiudere il ventaglio di possibili esiti apertosi con il diffondersi del Coronavirus lungo le catene logistiche mondiali. Venezia svuotata è impressionante? Lo sono anche New York, Wuhan, Parigi, Londra. Qualsiasi città è impressionante se svuotata dei suoi abitanti. I cittadini indiani che abbandonano le metropoli per tornare nelle aree rurali fanno scalpore? Lo stesso hanno fatto coloro che fuggivano dalla Lombardia nelle ore precedenti l’imposizione del lockdown. Branchi di scimmie si riappropriano di una città in Thailandia? Ma così hanno fatto anche i delfini nel porto di Cagliari o i cinghiali a Roma o i cervi sul litorale toscano.
Nessuna di queste immagini possiede la forza necessaria per annullare ogni altra possibile alternativa e chiudere la sequenza con un concatenamento di montaggio capace di far procedere la narrazione. Nemmeno l’impressionante immagine di Papa Francesco in una piazza San Pietro costituita come spazio visivo dalla presenza dello sguardo divino possiede quell’universalità necessaria per imporsi come immagine unica, definitiva, della pandemia.
La cosa che più si avvicina a questa immagine sono le visualizzazioni di dati. Curve esponenziali e logaritmiche, mappe di calore, diagrammi, bolle, rette, intervalli, scalini. Il virus e i suoi effetti rappresentati soprattutto in forma di astrazione. Eppure, mai come in questa situazione, in cui gli apparati di produzione dei dati variano da regione a regione e da nazione a nazione, siamo consapevoli della loro natura non oggettiva e, di conseguenza, della natura puramente rappresentativa, configurata e tutto sommato illusoria di queste visualizzazioni. Il massimo dell’astrazione, che dovrebbe coincidere con l’apice della chiarezza, diventa qui solo un altro segmento di quella costruzione frammentata e soggettiva della realtà che dovremmo cominciare ad adottare come approccio mentale predefinito al nostro stare nel mondo. Quantomeno, se l’obiettivo comune è abitarlo con l’ambizione di poter agire su di esso e sui suoi meccanismi. Un’ambizione che l’apertura operata dal virus contribuisce a rafforzare, a corroborare. Il tempo sospeso della quarantena è anche il tempo in cui si pronuncia l’indicibile e si progetta il futuro.
All’arte - e alla critica che ne espande il discorso, gettando ponti tra le diverse aree della produzione e riproduzione culturale e sociale - spetta pertanto un compito, uno solo e cruciale. Impedire che una sola immagine prevalga chiudendo il circuito. Tra il massimo di concretezza incorporato nella visione soggettiva e il massimo d’astrazione della visione oggettiva, chi produce e socializza le immagini ha, adesso, il dovere etico e politico di mantenere aperto uno spazio tra esse. Un interstizio in cui poterci collocare tutti per immaginare un futuro che sappia andare oltre il realismo che ha dominato il mondo fino a pochi istanti fa, quello del capitale.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>We've watched as a "pocket-sized drone dubbed the Nano Hummingbird" flitted around.
Now, here's another tiny robot flier, but this one mimics the movements of a jellyfish. New Scientist says it just may be "more stable in the air than insect-like machines."
The little machine was created by researchers at New York University. According to New Scientist, "the design should be especially useful for making centimeter-scale robots that drift through the air."
The Washington Post's Innovations blog writes that:
"Leif Ristroph wanted to build the 'simplest possible' flying machine. The applied mathematician at New York University glued together several tubes of carbon fiber to build this: a sphere with four wings attached to it that propels it as a jellyfish swims.
"The flyer is only about eight centimeters in diameter — small enough to fit in the palm of your hand — and its mass is only about two grams, the equivalent of two paper clips."
According to New Scientist, the prototype's jellyfish-like shape "allows it to fly upright with little effort, without requiring sensors or intelligence to adjust its wings." It's thought that little machines such as this might be useful someday for taking air measurements and other scientific endeavors. Check out the video.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Breeding Ecology of the Mangrove Warbler
January 1, 2008 by Javier Salgado-Ortiz
Avian ecologists have long been interested in understanding the mechanisms that drive differences in life history traits, such as clutch size, between temperate and tropical birds.
Until now, however, advancing our understanding of these mechanisms has proceeded slowly, largely because we lack information on the demography and breeding ecology of tropical species.
Moreover, comparisons between tropical to temperate trends in life history traits typically fail to control for phylogenetic influences. In other words, we don't know whether similarities among birds living in either habitat are due to the birds being related or due to their sharing similar habitats.
Yellow Warbler, Ideal Study Species
The yellow warbler (Dendroica petechia) is an ideal species in which to tease this apart. Among the several yellow warbler subspecies are forms that are tropical residents and other forms that are long-distance migrants that breed in the temperate zone and winter in the tropics.
For my Ph. D. dissertation, I studied the breeding biology of the mangrove warbler (Dendroica petechia bryanti), a tropical subspecies of yellow warbler from southern Mexico.
My main objective was to describe the life history traits of the mangrove warbler and examine how they differ from those of its temperate relative, the yellow warbler.
Second, I examined how factors such as rainfall, food abundance, nest depredation, and habitat influence reproduction and patterns of habitat occupancy in the mangrove warbler.
I conducted my research over three consecutive years (2001-2003)
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رفتاری که برای اصلاح ریتم صدا و هماهنگ ساختن تکلم کودک موثر است، استفاده از مترونوم می باشد. پس از آنکه تکلم کودک منظم گردید، استفاده از دستگاه نیز به تدریج کاهش می یابد.
8-گفتار درمانی: گفتار درمانگر در ابتدا با مشاهده و تحلیل وضعیت گفتاری کودک و محیط خانواده سعی در فراهم کردن محیطی ایده آل برای رفع گرفتگی زبان کودک می کند.
اگر کودک در هماهنگی گفتار و تنفس مشکل داشت با آموزش تمریناتی به او در این زمینه کمک می کند. سپس سعی در آموزش شیوه ای می کند که کودک در آن کمترین گرفتگی را داشته باشد. تکنیک های بسیار متفاوتی برای روان و راحت حرف زدن وجود دارند. اینکه چه تکنیکی و چه شیو ه ای برای کودک مفید است، توسط گفتار درمانگر مشخص می شود. گفتار درمانی مانع از تبدیل لکنت به یک معضل می شود. پس اگر کودکی دارید که تازه علائم لکنت در او پدیدار شده است حتما به یک پاتولوژیست گفتار مراجعه کنید.
لیستی از معمول ترین تکنیک های گفتار درمانی:
- (کاهش سرعت گفتار از طریق تکنیک های گفتار در مانی)Slow rate
- (تماس ملایم، تکنیک حرفه ای که آسیب شناس گفتاربه کودک آموزش می دهد.) Light contact
- (شروع آسان، بخصوص برای کودکانی که در شروع کلمات مشکل دارند مفید است).Easy start
- (مکث، یک تکنیک موثر برای برخی از انواع گرفتگی زبان مفید است.)Pausing
- (برخی از کودکان، بخصوص در شروع درمان نیازمند استفاده از آن برای روانی گفتارند.)stretch
راهکارهایی برای کم کردن لکنت زبان کودکان:
- صحبت کردن هماهنگ با یک گوینده دیگر(گفتار گروهی)
- کپی کردن گفتار یک گوینده دیگر ( گفتار سایه)
- گفتار گروهی و گفتار سایه به علت شنیدن صدای خود فرد یا صدای دیگران و یا با شنیدن سیگنال های گفتاری خودش به یک شکل دیگر و یا یک لهجه دیگر، صحبت کردن را برای فرد روان می کند.
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گفتار نجواگونه:
تارهای صوتی در گفتار نجوا گونه به هم نزدیک می شوند اما مرتعش نمی شوند و تمام صداها به صورت unvoice بیان می شود.
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هنگام آواز خواندن یا سرود
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هنگام صحبت با یک عروسک یا بچه های کوچک:
زیرا کمتر از زبان پیچیده و الگو های آهنگین متغیر استفاده می کنیم و روانی گفتار کمتر نوسان پیدا می کند.
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روانی گفتار،
وقتی کودک کوچکتر با عروسک ها و یا با خود صحبت می کند ناشی از این است که لکنت با گفتار دو سویه همراه نیست. پس اگر گفتار یک سویه باشد و کودک منتظر پاسخ از شنونده نباشد، کشمکشی اتفاق نمی افتد و گفتار بسیار روان است.
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هنگام صحبت کردن بلند با خود:
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روش دو جانبه یا مکمل:
در این روش به باز پروری پرورش جنبه های دو گانه فکری و زبان اهمیت فراوانی داده می شود. این روش بیشتر در مورد کودکان 3 تا 7 ساله استفاده می شود و معمولا نتایج ثمر بخشی دارد. هدف این روش، پرورش دو گانه ای از قدرت و صحت تفکر و قدرت و صحت بیان است. به عنوان مثال برای رسیدن به این هدف به کودک می آموزند که افکار خود را صحیح و روشن دریابد، فقط افکار واضح و روشن خود را به زبان جاری نماید و کلمات و جملات را دقیق و رسا باز گو نماید.
چه زمانی از متخصص باید کمک گرفت؟
- زمان لکنت شدیدتر و به دفعات بیشتر رخ می دهد.
- زمان لکنت با حرکات خاص بدن یا صورت همراه است.
- وقتی صحبت کردن به شکل مشخص سخت و تصنعی است.
- وقتی کودک از موقعیتهایی که مستلزم حرف زدن است . اجتناب می کند.
- تنش در صدا. که نتیجه اوج گرفتن تن صدا هنگام صحبت کردن است.
- وقتی لکنت پس از 5 سالگی کودک همچنان ادامه پیدا می کند.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>简介：一个男人因为凶杀案含冤入狱，而真正的凶手则逍遥法外。凶手是一位文人，对祖国接连不断发生的背叛事件和人...
2013年导演拉夫·迪亚兹携手“97MSKJEsv”等主创团队发布了《历史的终结》的首映会，与此同时在菲律宾上映了历史的终结的菲律宾语版高清视频！ xaMLb7XWtmii表示：“历史的终结是一部精彩绝伦的电影，从一开邀请安吉莉·芭雅妮,锡德·卢塞罗,索利曼·克鲁兹等演员加盟我就隐约觉得这必将是一部佳作！”
当然历史的终结的成功离不开“lishidezhongjie”的后期剪辑团队72570个多小时的匠心打磨，接下来我们来看看这部剧情类的电影详细剧情吧！
一个男人因为凶杀案含冤入狱，而真正的凶手则逍遥法外。凶手是一位文人，对祖国接连不断发生的背叛事件和人心冷漠而感到心寒。身陷囹圄的男人在遇到一些奇怪神秘的事件后，感到牢狱生活似乎不再那么难以忍受。
历史的终结影评
历史纪年表 这个问题我以前答过了你自己找 烟草的历史起源 烟草起源于美洲大洋洲和南太平洋的一些岛屿。4000年前，墨西哥的玛雅人已经开始吸食烟草。那个时候还不叫做香烟。世界上第1根烟是由。西班牙探险... 小学有没有历史 目前应该没有在小学设立历史课程，毕竟有些深奥，现在只有科学课程（我们那是的）。祝楼主好运！ 茶叶的历史文化？ 茶叶在茶叶史研究上，茶的发现和利用始于原史母亲氏族社会，上古时代的神农以茶解毒，迄今已有5 历史文化的魂宝与历史文化的瑰宝有啥区别? 瑰宝是指稀世之珍宝；魂宝在游戏里出现过，但毕竟不是一个词
511美剧网免费提供历史的终结菲律宾语版下载，剧情用户还搜索了<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Amerikan Dışişleri Bakanı Antony Blinken, "İran'la çatışma peşinde olmadığını. Biz bu savaşın daha çok genişlemesini istemiyoruz.
İran ya da vekilleri herhangi bir yerde Amerikan personeline saldırı yaparsa bizde işte o zaman mecburen, halkımızı savunacağız, güvenliğimizi de en hızlı ve kararlı bir şekilde alacağız."
Amerika’nın New York kentinde İsrail-Filistin gündemiyle toplanan Birleşmiş Milletler Güvenlik Konseyi’nde konuşan Amerikan Dışişleri Bakanı Antony Blinken, Orta Doğu’da yaşanan son gelişmelere değinerek Blinken, "Amerika, İran'la çatışma peşinde değil. Biz bu savaşın daha çok genişlemesini istemiyoruz.
İran ya da vekilleri herhangi bir yerde Amerikan personeline saldırırsa bizde ozaman, halkımızı mecburen savunacağız, güvenliğimizi hızlı ve kararlı bir şekilde alacağız”
BM'YE SESLENDİ, YANGINA KÖRÜKLE GİTMEYİN
Birleşmiş Milletlere üye devletlere seslenen Blinken, "Bu yaşanan sıcak çatışmada İsrail'e karşı yeni bir cephe açmayı düşünen ya da Amerika dahil İsrail'in ortaklarını hedef alabilecek herhangi bir devlet ya da devlet dışı aktöre kesin ve birleşik bir mesaj göndermeye çağırıyoruz. Yapmayın. Ateşe körükle gitmeyin” uyarısında bulundu.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Roshandel, Parto .
Na+ entrance into rice genotypes: By-pass flow or transporters?
Salinity damage in rice and other salt-sensitive species is due to excessive transport of NaCl through the root system to the leaves and consequently low salt transport to the shoot can be a major trait determining salt resistance. Since the rapid uptake of sodium ions is such a crucial part of the response of rice to salinity, physiological experiments were carried out to compare by-pass flow in two genotypes of rice (IR4630 & IR15324) differing in salt tolerance, because it has been suggested that an apoplastic pathway, by-pass flow, is a major contributory pathway for Na+ entrance into rice plants. Experiments on the youngest fully expanded photosynthetic leaf (the third), using PTS as a tracer for apoplastic movement and Philaenus spumarius as a means to sample the xylem sap, did not demonstrate any apparent difference in by-pass flow between the two lines. The similarity of Na+ concentration in the xylem sap of both genotypes paralleled the results of PTS measurements. Despite the similarity of Na+ concentration in the xylem sap of the third leaves, Na+ concentration in the bulk of these leaves of IR15324 plants (the sensitive line) was about twice that of IR4630 (the tolerant one). Measurements of transpiration over 8 days of salinisation showed the similarity of rates in both lines providing evidence that the greater accumulation of NaCl in IR15324 than IR4630 plants was unlikely to be due to a difference in the delivery of salt to the leaves by an apoplastic route. Results of the current work suggest that the difference in salt tolerance might be a consequence of a difference in the selectivity of transporters and channels to Na+: IR15324 conducts more Na+ and less K+ into its roots upon salinisation than IR4630. The data on Na+/K+ selectivity in the third leaves as well as those in the whole plants of both lines plus the values of Na+ influx were evidence for this suggestion. The lower selectivity of K+ transportation of IR15234 in comparison to IR4630 resulted in a higher Na+ influx from the medium into roots and also caused a higher concentration of Na+ in the photosynthetic tissues of leaves of IR15324. Key words: Rice, Na+ influx, by-pass flow, transporters, salt stress.
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1 - Sussex University, Biology, Biology departmnet, JMS building, The school of life Science, Sussex Uni., Falmer, BN1 9QG, Brighton, Esat Sussex, BN1 9QG, UK
Presentation Type: Plant Biology Abstract
Location: Exhibit Hall (Northeast, Southwest & Southeast)/Hilton
Date: Sunday, July 8th, 2007
Time: 8:00 AM<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>trasgressione estiva
oggi ho bevuto idrolitina
pensateci bene ,da quando non avete bevuto l'idrolitina?
Polverina solubile per rendere l'acqua effervescente. La preparazione è semplice, una confezione contiene 20 bustine di preparato, ogni bustina vale per un litro d'acqua. Si riempie una bottiglia possibilmente di vetro con tappo ermetico, e si versa una bustina di Idrolitina nella bottiglia che deve essere subito chiusa. Dopo un paio di minuti l'acqua assume un sapore frizzante leggermente salato, decisamente diverso dalla moderna acqua effervescente naturale.
Sulla scatola erano presenti questi versi:
diceva l’oste al vino/tu mi diventi vecchio/ ti voglio maritare/ con l’acqua del mio secchio/rispose il vino all’oste/fai le pubblicazioni/sposo l’idrolitina/del cavalier gazzoni!
La diretta concorrente di Idrolitina era probabilmente la polverina "Cristallina"<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>The motion calls for Metro creating an implementation plan for using electric buses on the Orange Line by 2020 and a study to determine the feasibility of using electric buses on the Silver Line. A friendly amendment calls for studying adding electric bus infrastructure to El Monte Station — which serves as one terminus of the Silver Line.
Board Vice Chair Eric Garcetti said that another benefit of going electric would be to eliminate noise pollution — buses powered by compressed natural gas (CNG), he pointed out. Metro’s bus fleet that the agency directly operates is entirely powered by CNG.
Metro Board Member Sheila Kuehl said that she wants Metro to provide more information about the sources of electricity (is it renewable or not) and how batteries would be recycled or disposed. “It’s not enough to say that we’re all electric when we don’t know all the effects of that,” she said. “It doesn’t mean we won’t convert to these vehicles, it means we’ll be prepared.”
Said Board Member Diane DuBois: “I want to know what the carbon footprint is of creation of the batteries,” along with many other questions, including potential medical care for Metro employees who handle the batteries. She said she commends the effort but wanted to ensure the agency covered all its bases.
Garcetti said that he wants to explore all those questions but it’s also important to consider how natural gas is mined and collected (i.e. fracking).
The big caveat is that a funding source will need to be found to purchase the electric buses.
There was also tons of public testimony on this item. A brief synopsis: the environmental community likes the motion, the natural gas industry folks…not so much.
On the bus front this week:
•The agency received a $10.5-million federal grant for the purchase of 30 near-zero emission CNG buses. CNG is compressed natural gas that burns cleaner than the diesel buses of old.
•The agency received a $1.875-million state MSRC grant to install near-zero emission CNG engines in 125 buses as part of their mid-life overhauls.
•The agency received the 900th and final New Flyer CNG-powered bus on its current order.
Here’s a snazzy electric bus in London:<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>When our immune system detects any foreign agent or allergens as a potential harm- such as parasites or bacteria present in the environment, it triggers the formation of Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. These antibodies, in turn, generate a chemical histamine to prevent the infection from spreading in the body.
This abrupt behavior is then visible in the form of symptoms like sneezing, runny nose, nausea, coughing, vomiting, hay fever, etc as well. Some common allergens that can create these symptoms include dust mites, pollen, soy, milk, seafood, mould, etc.
The immune system carries out all these tasks by creating an immunological memory.
In many scenarios, you can develop the sensitivity for agents that may have no effect on you earlier. Why? As our immune system may take time to remember the allergen for which it is not reacting now. Then over time, it develops sensitivity for this allergen and starts triggering antibodies to neutralize its effects. This process is known as sensitization.
So, if you let your kids play in the mud, or keep pets, don’t follow extreme hygienic regimen- you are doing great.With previous exposure to the allergens present in the environment, they become more immune to deal with most of the known allergies in future.
In fact, this is the number one reason why the developing countries have a low rate of asthma and allergy cases.
How an immune system know which allergens are harmful?
Simply, by remembering which antibodies were created on its previous exposure.
This is why vaccines are so effective in raising our immunity for certain kind of diseases even before coming in contact with the actual allergen.
Anyone of the forms such as a weak microbe, or a slightly similar form, its killed forms or its surface proteins is introduced into the body to create an immunological memory and hence antibodies in advance for a particular disease .
Now, in future when your body meets the actual allergen of this disease, the immune system starts producing a more appropriate antibody response.
The other function of our immune system is to discard the antibodies that are autoimmune to self. This process occurs efficiently but certain times it not and can attack the body back causing various autoimmune disorders.
This deformed behavior can also respond to the non-harmful allergens present in the environment as well such as pollen, dust, mold, etc.
Allergy treatment in homeopathy
The conventional treatments work by reducing the effect of allergens by prescribing drugs containing antihistamines, steroids, and decongestants which are obviously harmful as they are just treating the outer symptoms and can also harm your immune system.
As all allergies like hay fever or allergic rhinitis stem from a disturbed immune system. Homeopathy will try to reduce the allergic effect by studying the underlying cause and taking the immune system into consideration.
Allergy treatment in homeopathy tries to calm down the hypersensitive effect of the immune system by not just treating the sensitivity to the allergen but also raising the inner immunity.
Some common homeopathic remedies for allergies which can be taken subject to consultation with the homeopath are as Apis Mellifica:, Arsenic Album: Natrum Mur and Sulphur.
Many a time two patients with similar illness may require entirely different homeopathic remedy. Therefore, self medication is not recommended as the best symptom specific remedy, right frequency, improvisations as and when necessary can be well performed by an experienced homeopath.
If you still have any doubt or concerns, please feel free to drop me a message at [email protected] and I will get back to you soon.
Note: Do not self-medicate any of the remedies listed above . Consult a qualified homeopath<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>上篇说到汉武帝在改革币制上取得了成功，同时还实施了“告缗法”来打击偷税漏税隐瞒财富的不法富商。但是告缗法毕竟不能从根本上解决财政问题。于是汉武帝决定将盐和铁的经营收归国有。
元狩四年（前119年），汉武帝采取非常之举，任用齐地大盐商东郭咸阳、南阳大冶铁商孔仅，让两人和桑弘羊共同谋划将盐铁业从富商大贾手中收归国家经营。
据《汉书‧食货志》记载，第二年，孔仅和东郭咸阳提出方案，建议由盐官招募贫困
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to perform Friday prayers in parks, the security forces attacked them.
4. Economic discrimination against the Sunnis of Iran
99% of the Iranian businesses are under the control of the Shia population of Iran while 30% of Iranian population is Sunni. The government creates every barrier for the Sunnis to stop them from starting or developing their businesses. The major import and export licences are allocated to the Shia business. Even in the main cities of Sunnis, all the facilities of business are given to the Shias to deliberately impoverish the Sunni population of Iran. 70% to 80% of Sunnis are unemployed.
Shia inclusions in political and economics sources in Sunni dominated countries
While Iran is applying all kinds of discriminations against the Sunnis, the Sunni governments are quite generous towards their Shia population. It is a paradox that a regime that is fighting for the rights of the Shias in different countries discriminates more than any other country against the Sunnis in Iran. The Sunni governments are usually inclined to include the Shias in political and economic powers. These are some examples:
Everybody knows Bhtto family in Pakistan. They are a Shia family but they have governed Pakistan three times. There have been other Shia presidents and prime ministers in Pakistan. The Shias in Pakistan enjoy complete equality in a Sunni dominated country. There have been many Shia ministers in all governments of Pakistan from the beginning of Pakistan up to now. There are Shia army generals, there are Shia ambassadors and diplomats and there are big Shia businessmen. They have their own mosques. There are Shias in different levels of civil service too.
There are several Shia ministers in Afghan government. There have been always Shia ministers in various Afghan regimes. There are Shia governors in Afghanistan. There are Shia army generals in Afghanistan. There are very rich Shia businessmen in Afghanistan too.
There are two Shia ministers in Kuwait. There are many Shia generals in Kuwait army. There are many Shia diplomats in the Foreign Ministry. There are many Shia businessmen in Kuwait. They have their mosques and they are free to perform their prayers.
4. The state of Qatar
There are dozens of Shia ministers, army generals, ambassadors, businessmen and high officials in Qatar and other Arab countries.
While we see that there are so many Shia high officials in Islamic and Arab world, why there is not even one single high official from the Sunnis in Iran? Why there is so much discrimination against the Sunnis in a regime that claims to embody Islamic justice, Islamic equality and brotherhood? And why there is so much silence about the exclusions of Sunnis from all sources of power in Iran? If the Shia government of Iran is fighting for the rights of Shias everywhere, why the Sunni governments of the world are not fighting for the rights of Sunnis in Iran?
Practically the Shias have had secured their supremacy in Iran at the cost of 30% of its Sunni population. Now they are seeking supremacy in other countries. For them the idea of equal rights is not a value of considerable importance when it comes to getting their own supremacy but when they do not have equal rights in other countries, they make a great issue of it.
What is disturbing everybody is not the quest of the Shias for their equal rights but their desire for supremacy. That has generated considerable resistance everywhere. Iran as the main Shia country must accept the value of equal rights for all its citizens inside Iran and then make its case for the equality of rights of the Shias in other countries. Nobody believes in Iranian campaign for the equal rights of the Shias in the Islamic countries if the Iranian regime does not believe in the equal rights of Sunnis in Iran. The Iranian regime must make itself first a believable example and must establish a model system which is a model of equality.
Iran has challenged other Islamic countries that they were not following the Islamic principles of brotherhood, equality and justice. If the government believes in these principles it must implement them fully and completely in Iran first. Once Iran is the embodiment of equality and justice, many other people and governments would follow it voluntarily. The Iranian regime can bring more credibility to its own system and to its own religion if it carries out what it preaches.
Nobody is ready to accept the supremacy of the Shias. It is a delusion that may initially grab some points but finally as the quest for supremacy is conducted recklessly, as it is done by the present regime of Iran, it will backfire and would result in the suppression of Shias in different countries.
30% of Iranian population is Sunni. Eight of its provinces are dominated by the Sunnis. Yet there has not been even single minister, army general, ambassador or a top official in the last 28 years in the Islamic Republic of Iran. The situation is clear. There is no the idea of equal rights in the minds of the Shia population of Iran and specifically the rulers of Iran. The other amazing thing is the complete silence of the ordinary Shia people over the suppression of the Sunnis. Even more amazing is the complete silence of the Iranian politicians, intellectuals, journalists and political activists over the total exclusion of Sunnis from all sources of power. The systematic discrimination that has been carried out against the Sunnis of Iran has not been criticised by any Iranian Shia politician. It seems that there is a total consensus among all Shia groups of Iran about the exclusion of Sunnis from all sources and centres of political and economic powers while all of them collectively protest strongly against the discrimination carried out against the Shias in Sunni dominated countries.
The Shia groups of different political tendencies have differences but these differences are all about who has the power and who must have it. All governments of Iran have taken over the power with great promises of equality of rights and equality of opportunity but as soon as they got established, they adapted the same old policies of oppression and suppression of different classes and groups and specifically the Sunnis.
Discrimination by Iranian media and journalists against the Sunnis
The Iranian media of the Shia opposition groups follow the same policy of discrimination against Sunnis. They publish everyday hundreds of articles and news on every aspect of life in Iran but they refuse to publish the news of hanging of the Sunnis of Baluchistan by Iranian regime. If a Shia journalist gets arrested, they follow every movement of his family and report every thing about him to maintain his presence in the media. If ten Sunnis get killed in Baluchistan, the opposition media of Iran refuse to publish the news that even have been published by the Iranian regime. The Iranian media publish hundreds of articles about the Shia political prisoners in other countries and refuse to publish any article on the political prisoners of Sunni community of Iran.
Even those security forces of Iran who have defected to the West reveal the secrets of serial killings of the Shia intellectuals and journalists but they refuse to disclose the serial killings of the Sunni leaders and intellectuals. All the Shia politicians and journalists of Iran seem to agree with the present government in its policies of genocide and complete exclusion of the Sunnis.
The same media that applied discrimination against the Sunnis publish widely any news about the persecution of the Shias in the Sunni countries. They report widely the news of Hezbollah and the Shia demonstration in Bahrain. They portray the Hezbollah as the hero of the Arab world and the Shias of Bahrain as the oppressed people who have been persecuted by Bahrain authorities but they refuse to publish the news of executions and persecutions of the Sunnis in Iran.
These are not only the Shias of Iran who have dominated other religions; the Shias of Iraq are perusing the same path. If the Shias in Iraq are not seeking supremacy why did they dissolve the Iraqi army, civil service and Iraqi secret services? If those establishments were allowed to function, today the situation would have been much better. Cleansing the Sunnis from the sensitive cities and areas in Iraq is seeking Shias supremacy. The same could be true about Lebanon. If the Hezbollah is not looking for supremacy why it is seeking the toppling of an elected government which has been elected democratically and freely according to the Lebanese constitution?
It is right for the Hezbollah to have its appropriate share in Lebanese government but it is also the right for the Sunnis in Iran to fight for their fair share of power. The Sunnis of Iraq have the same rights that the Shias have in Iran and Lebanon.
As evidence demonstrates it seems that wherever the Shias are in power the Sunnis are completely excluded. Is there a deep-rooted discriminatory belief in Shia mind?
Reza Hossein Borr is a leadership consultant and the creator of 150 CDs.
He is also the author of Manual Success, Manual of Coaching and Mentoring, Motivational Stories that Can Change Your Life, and a New Vision for the Islamic World. He can be contacted by email: [email protected]
©Copyright, Reza Hossein Borr, 2006, London, UK<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>بوی سرطان چیست؟
بوی سرطان می تواند در تشخیص هر چه زودتر خود سرطان موثر باشد. این در حالی است که کارشناسان سعی دارند از سگ ها در تشخیص بوی سرطان در انسان ها استفاده کنند. هر چه سرطان زودتر شناسایی و درمان شود، پیش آگهی بیماری بهتر است. محققان همیشه در تلاش هستند تا راه هایی برای تشخیص سرطان در مراحل اولیه پیدا کنند. با این حال، تشخیص زودهنگام تا حدودی هم می تواند چالش برانگیز باشد زیرا برخی از سرطان ها فقط در مراحل بسیار پیشرفته، علائم خودشان را بروز می دهند.
وقتی صحبت از سرطان به میان می آید، تشخیص زودهنگام می تواند جان انسان ها را نجات دهد. به همین دلیل است که محققان در سراسر جهان در تلاش هستند تا راههای جدیدی را برای تشخیص سرطان قبل از اینکه شانس انتشار پیدا کنند، بیابند. یکی از روش های جالب تحقیقات مربوط به بوهای مرتبط با سرطان است که بینی انسان لزوما نمی تواند آنها را تشخیص دهد. محققان در حال حاضر در حال بررسی امکان تشخیص بوی سرطان هستند.
ما در این این مقاله از دلگرم سعی کرده ایم به بررسی این موضوع می پردازد که چرا سرطان بو دارد و چگونه می توان آن را تشخیص داد. همچنین تأثیر تغییرات در بوی بدن ناشی از درمان سرطان را مورد بحث قرار خواهیم داد.
دانشمندان هنوز در تلاشند تا مشخص کنند دقیقاً چه چیزی باعث بوی بد سرطان می شود. سرطان، اساساً فرآیندی است که در آن سلول ها به درستی تقسیم نمی شوند (سلول ها خیلی سریع تکثیر می شوند و زمانی که قرار باشد نمی میرند). این فرآیند غیرطبیعی می تواند منجر به مرگ سایر سلول های سالم و تغییراتی در بدن شود که ممکن است VOC تولید کنند.
این VOC ها را می توان در نمونه های تنفس و ادرار افراد مبتلا به سرطان و همچنین در سایر مایعات بدن شناسایی کرد. یک مطالعه نشان داد که بسیاری از VOCها در سطوح مختلف برای انواع سرطان ها از جمله سرطان پستان، سرطان پروستات، ریه و مثانه وجود دارند.
در این مطالعه، سطوح خاصی از VOCهای موجود در افراد مبتلا به سرطان بیشتر از افراد بدون سرطان بود.
توجه به این نکته مهم است که هیچ روش استانداردی برای آزمایش VOCs و همچنین مزایای بالینی ثابت شده ای برای انجام چنین آزمایشاتی وجود ندارد.
یکی از VOCهایی که ممکن است بو را تولید کند پلی آمین است. این ترکیب اغلب در سطوح بالاتری در سلول هایی که به سرعت در حال تقسیم هستند تولید می شود که سلول های سرطانی این کار را انجام می دهند. پلی آمین ها را می توان در خون و ادرار افراد مبتلا به سرطان تشخیص داد.
اگر سرطان نزدیک به سطح پوست و باعث ایجاد توده زخمی شده باشد، میتواند به یک بستر مناسبی برای رشد باکتریها تبدیل شود. سپس عفونت حاصل می تواند باعث ایجاد بوی بد شود.
آیا سگ ها بوی سرطان را تشخیص می دهند؟
به خوبی شناخته شده است که سگ ها حس بویایی باورنکردنی دارند. سالهاست که انسانها سگها را برای حس بویایی قویشان بهکار میگیرند تا مواد مخدر و اسلحه را استشمام کنند و به جستجوی افراد گمشده کمک کنند. محققان اکنون به این فکر می کنند که آیا سگ ها نیز می توانند بوی سرطان را در انسان ها حس کنند.
مطالعات نشان داده است که سگ ها پتانسیل بوییدن ترکیبات آلی فرار (VOCs) را به طور قابل توجهی بهتر از انسان ها دارند. VOCها محصولات جانبی برخی از فرآیندهای بیولوژیکی در بدن هستند. چیزهایی مانند عفونت، التهاب و حتی سرطان می توانند VOC تولید کنند که می تواند در تنفس یا ادرار حس شود.
در این مطالعات، سگ ها برای تشخیص بوی سرطان، اغلب با استفاده از نمونه های تنفسی یا ادرار، آموزش دیدند. اگرچه دقیقاً مشخص نیست که سگها کدام VOC در سرطان را میبویند، اما آنها در تشخیص سرطان موفق بودهاند.
در یک مطالعه، نمونههای ادرار و تنفس انسان ها به سگها داده شد. سگهایی که به نمونههای ادرار و تنفس دسترسی داشتند، توانستند سرطان را در ۹۸ درصد نمونهها به درستی تشخیص دهند. اما سگ هایی که به نمونه ادرار دسترسی داشتند به تنهایی توانستند ۸۷ درصد نمونه های مبتلا به سرطان را به درستی شناسایی کنند و سگ هایی که فقط به نمونه های تنفسی دسترسی داشتند، سرطان را در ۷۸ درصد از نمونه ها به درستی شناسایی کردند.
با این حال، توجه به این نکته مهم است که این مطالعه اشاره ای نمی کند که آیا سگ VOCs را در افراد بدون سرطان شناسایی کرده است یا خیر.
آیا انسان ها می توانند بوی سرطان را تشخیص دهند؟
افراد مبتلا به سرطان احتمال دارد در هنگام دریافت درمان سرطان متوجه تغییراتی در بوی مایعات بدن شوند. حس بویایی ممکن است برای افرادی که تحت درمان سرطان قرار می گیرند حساس تر باشد. بوی تند، مانند بوهای موجود در غذاها، به ویژه آزاردهنده است. گاهی اوقات افراد آنقدر به بو حساس هستند که به راحتی دچار حالت تهوع می شوند. اما با این حال افراد معمولی قادر به تشخیص بوی سرطان نیستند.
انسان ها نمی توانند بوی سرطان را حس کنند، اما شما می توانید برخی از علائم مرتبط با سرطان را استشمام کنید.
یک مثال می تواند یک تومور زخمی است. اگر چه تومورهای زخمی به ندرت رخ می دهند. اما اگر در صورت ابتلا به یکی از این موارد، کاملاً ممکن است بوی نامطبوعی را حس کنید. این بو نتیجه بافت مرده یا نکروزه یا باکتری داخل زخم است.
اگر بوی بد، ناشی از یک تومور زخمی دارید، به پزشک خود مراجعه کنید. ممکن است یک دوره آنتی بیوتیک بتواند آن را از بین ببرد. همچنین ممکن است مجبور شوند بافت مرده را از ناحیه خارج کنند. مهم است که منطقه را تا حد امکان تمیز نگه دارید.
آیا درمان های سرطان می توانند باعث ایجاد بو شوند؟
سگ ها ممکن است قادر به تشخیص بوهای خاص مرتبط با سرطان باشند، اما انسان می تواند برخی از بوها را نیز تشخیص دهد. معمولاً این بوها ارتباط کمتری با سرطان دارند و بیشتر مربوط به درمان سرطان هستند.
داروهای شیمی درمانی قوی می توانند به ادرار شما بوی قوی یا نامطبوعی بدهند. اگر کم آبی داشته باشید ممکن است حتی بدتر شود. بوی بد و ادرار تیره رنگ می تواند به این معنی باشد که شما دچار عفونت دستگاه ادراری (UTI) هستید.
یکی دیگر از عوارض شیمی درمانی خشکی دهان است. داروهای شیمی درمانی قدرتمند می توانند باعث تغییراتی در سلول های لثه، زبان و داخل گونه های شما شوند. این می تواند باعث زخم های دهان، خونریزی لثه و تحریک زبان شود. همه این موارد می تواند منجر به بوی بد دهان شود.
همچنین ممکن است به دلیل تهوع و استفراغ مرتبط با شیمی درمانی دچار بوی بد دهان شوید.
چگونه با عوارض بویایی سرطان مقابله کنیم؟
عوارض جانبی شیمی درمانی می تواند منجر به تغییر در حواس چشایی و بویایی بیماران مبتلا به سرطان شود. این یک عارضه جانبی رایج بسیاری از داروها و رژیم های شیمی درمانی است که برای درمان بسیاری از انواع سرطان استفاده می شود.
همانطور که شیمی درمانی در سراسر بدن پردازش می شود، ممکن است بوهای مختلفی را تولید کند که می تواند از طریق پوست، ادرار، مدفوع یا عرق منعکس شود.
برخی از عوارض جانبی شیمی درمانی و سایر درمان های سرطان اجتناب ناپذیر است. با این حال، اقداماتی وجود دارد که می توانید برای کمک به حفظ آرامش تا حد امکان انجام دهید.
اگر حس بویایی شما حساس شده و احتمالاً باعث تهوع می شود، اجتناب از قرار گرفتن در اطراف بوهایی که به آنها حساس هستید می تواند مفید باشد. درمان سرطان می تواند باعث ایجاد بوی نامطبوع در شما می شود.
داروهای ضد سرطان : معرفی بهترین قرص های ضد سرطان
راهکارهای مقابله با عوارض بویایی سرطان را در نظر بگیرید:
غذاهای خنک با درجه حرارت بخورید.
در اتاق هایی که خیلی گرم هستند، غذا نخورید.
غذاهایی را امتحان کنید که می توان آنها را به صورت خام مصرف کرد.
از مصرف غذاهایی که بوی تند دارند مانند ماهی یا پیاز خودداری کنید.
اگر عفونت ادراری دارید، پزشک احتمالاً آنتی بیوتیک تجویز می کند. آنها را مطابق دستور مصرف کنید.
ملحفه ها و پتوهای خود را اغلب عوض کنید. بوی بد آنها از تعریق، لوسیون ها و داروها شروع می شود.
میوه ها و سبزیجات بخورید تا به سم زدایی بدن کمک کند. فیبر همچنین به منظم نگه داشتن اجابت مزاج کمک می کند.
بر اساس میزان ورزش مناسب که پزشکتان می گوید ورزش کنید. یک تمرین خوب که باعث تولید عرق می شود، یکی از راه های خروج سموم از بدن شما است.
مقدار زیادی آب بنوشید تا رنگ ادرار شما روشن باشد. هیدراتاسیون بوی قوی هنگام ادرار را به حداقل می رساند، به هضم غذا کمک می کند و پس از تعریق مایعات را دوباره پر می کند.
در طول شیمی درمانی مراقب بهداشت دهان باشید تا از بوی بد دهان جلوگیری کنید. مسواک زدن و نخ دندان کشیدن به طور منظم بسیار مهم است، اما اگر لثه های شما خونریزی کرد، به راحتی نخ دندان بکشید.
اگر مکرر
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好处。火灾发生时，纵火犯可能就在几英里之外。”““格雷尔！“威尔·特雷梅恩说。“他做到了！他总是恨我。
Keraal试图站直,但束缚不允许——手和脚之间的链长度迫使他预感。链慌乱的他开始动摇。Haruuc什么也没说,但只有用杖示意向树。Dagii接手Keraal的手臂,带着他站在石头树枝,Vanii旁边的棺材,然后拿回几个快速步骤。Keraal独处,抬头看着这棵树。李和石墙杰克逊骑他们的坐骑。战争持续了四年的血腥;这个将会结束,不管怎样,在几周内。战争却有一个共同点:都是关于所有人的权利是免费的。当他开车,他的广播新闻。有选举通常的废话,和一个故事关于一个登山运动员失去了两天,和------”三个男人与化学炸药藏在他们随身携带的行李今天被逮捕在伊斯坦布尔的阿塔图尔克国际机场登机前757年前往雅典,”男性新闻广播员说。”的男人,每个人都有很长的历史愤怒的在线帖子反对土耳其所谓的世俗的伊斯兰社会,被认为是计划炸毁飞机在飞行中。
6。当血橙浸泡，把土豆切成1英寸厚的薄片。把切片放在一个小平底锅里，用冷水盖上。每夸脱水加1茶匙盐。把土豆煮沸，煨至熟透，4到5分钟。排水。Webmind,”大会的礼仪官说到他的电话。”你想把一只猴子到联合国大会厅?””我回答说,”流浪汉不是猴子,郑大世小姐;他是一个模仿。但是,是的,这就是我想做的事。”””为什么?””我考虑几个可能的答案,包括“因为它痒我的幻想,””因为,作为一个非人类,流浪汉不需要他人侵入背景调查完成之前被允许进入安全区域,”和“因为他是我的朋友,”所有这一切是真的,但是我给的声音是:“因为,有现在看着数以百万计的照片在网上,我已经学了意象形象的价值。这将是一个具有历史意义的时刻,3月在华盛顿,在月球上的第一步,柏林墙的推倒,我希望它是视觉独特,所有的时间,人们会立刻认出照片从这个事件。
他犹豫了一会儿,然后低声说回来,”杖。””她觉得她耳朵上升和恐慌了。”Haruuc发现了它的权力?”””还没有。有浓郁的贻贝味，蛋黄酱是介于贻贝和烤辣椒之间的很好的嗅觉桥梁。这道菜的所有主要成分——烤胡椒，清蒸贻贝，番红花蛋黄酱可以提前24小时制作并冷藏。上菜前准备切碎的装饰品。
母亲的挽歌,”Senen轻轻地说。”他会去做。他将开始一场战争。”加入红辣椒片，如果需要的话。2。在烤架上准备热火。
把蛤蜊放到一个足够大的碗里，当蛤蜊吃完后，可以盛在碗里。盖上并保持温暖。6。把猴鱼和土豆放入锅中煮2到3分钟。当土豆变热时，僧鱼会做完饭。他们，只有他们，知道手稿在比菲的公寓里。然而，他们似乎都不太可能拿走它。过了一会儿，朱庇睡着了。
用盐和胡椒调味，加入两汤匙切碎的欧芹。冷却到室温。三。在烤架上准备热火。烤架是热的，当你的手在烤架表面附近握的时间不超过2时，你就必须把它拉开。莱恩马铃薯罗勒酱烤条鲈莱恩·萨穆特是奥贝格拉菲尼埃餐厅的厨师老板，卢马林的一家不寻常的餐厅，在普罗旺斯。她慷慨地允许我在她的厨房里工作一天，几年后，当她作为法国文化交流的一部分来到这个国家时，我很高兴在里亚托接待她。三个晚上，我们提供了一份特价品尝菜单，以她的普罗旺斯特色菜为特色。鱼丸是罗吉（一种从法国飞来的欧洲鲻鱼）加在马铃薯罗勒酱上。我通常认为土豆泥是寒冷天气的食物，但这道菜，用罗勒和橄榄油，夏天的味道似乎很浓。
“我知道他问那个问题时真正在说什么。他在说他以为我放火了！好，保险金当然会到我这里来。我负责出版社的所有财务事务。但即使我的股票收入下降了……““UncleWill你有麻烦吗？“Beffy问。“只是现金有点短缺，“威尔·特雷梅恩说。“你不是已经是布拉德利·温斯顿的导师了吗？“杰里米·霍普金斯是亚历杭德罗的导师，所以把杰里米和帕奇配对是合乎逻辑的。查尔斯笑了。“布拉德利做得很好。我也不确定杰里米是否能够胜任这个挑战。他现在正忙着和阿纳斯塔西亚一起做的艺术项目。”
服侍，在四个盘子中间各放一个鱼片。每块鱼片旁边放一匙酸奶酱。将石榴糖蜜淋在鱼上，然后撒上石榴籽。立即上桌。罗姆斯科酱烤金枪鱼Romesco是一种加泰罗尼亚酱，传统上与烤鱼一起食用，家禽，或蔬菜。基本食谱要求烤红辣椒，大蒜，杏树，醋，橄榄油，虽然我见过包括西红柿在内的变种，面包，还有辣椒。其他成分之间保持着互补而又相互尊重的距离。使4人进入服务犹太盐两只1-1磅的龙虾（见181页）1茶匙葱末_杯新榨酸橙汁_茶匙第戎芥末_杯子外加2汤匙特纯橄榄油cupcrmeFrache1茶匙碎石灰皮新磨黑胡椒2汤匙两汤匙蜂蜜2个血橙，去皮去膜，用碗切成小段并储存在自己的果汁中（如果血橙不可用，使用其他甜橙）_磅重的鱼种或小红薯，擦洗2汤匙切碎的新鲜龙蒿3汤匙切碎的新鲜樱桃2汤匙鲜韭菜碎12樱桃番茄或其他小甜番茄，一分为二4小串小青菜，如豆瓣菜或麦片，洗涤和干燥1石灰，切成4块提前做好：食谱可以在步骤4之前一天准备好。如果你做这个沙拉是为了吃剩菜，不要穿你不愿提供的衣服。1。把1英寸的盐水倒进一个大锅里，把锅里的漏斗倒过来，然后煮沸。
5。用两汤匙橄榄油把山茶花拌匀，然后把它均匀地铺在平底锅上。烤到意大利面变成金黄色，然后烤，大约20分钟。在烘烤过程中将意大利面团捣碎几次，以确保烤面包均匀。搁置一边。乔治不仅想到他可能是在愚弄自己，还想到他可能在大卫·西蒙兹观看的时候就这样做了。“爸爸？”凯蒂说，乔治在坐着和站着之间僵住了。他看上去很自满，那么健康，如此血腥的舞蹈。画面开始重现。
节第四章:热心的忏悔的心。在轶事第五章:热心的忏悔的心。”高跟鞋””第六章:Smerdyakov第七章:争论第八章:白兰地第九章:好色者第十章:两个在一起第十一章:一个毁了名声第二部分书4:菌株第一章:父亲Ferapont第二章:在父亲的第三章:他参与了男生的事情第四章:Khokhlakovs”第五章:在客厅里第六章:应变在一间小屋里第七章:和新鲜的空气《V:PRO和反第一章:订婚第二章:Smerdyakov吉他第三章:兄弟了解:第四章:叛乱第五章:大检察官第六章:一个默默无闻第七章:“它总是有趣和聪明的人””《六世:俄罗斯的和尚第1章:老Zosima和他的游客第二章:从Zosima老人祭司僧侣的生活,,第三章第三部分书八世:MITYA第一章:KuzmaSamsonov第二章:Lyagavy第三章:金矿第四章:在黑暗中第五章:一个突然的决定第六章:我来了!!第七章:前者,无可争辩的第八章:精神错乱第一章:官方Perkhotin的职业生涯的开始第二章:报警第三章:通过折磨灵魂的旅程。盖上盖子，冷藏至上桌。5。服侍，在四个盘子里各放一个胡椒，用盐和胡椒调味。分发贻贝，在他们的半壳里，在胡椒里和周围。在辣椒旁边放一匙蛋黄酱。把黄瓜撒在盘子上，红洋葱，橄榄，还有欧芹叶。
把番茄罐头和番茄汁一起加进去，还有茄子。把火放慢炖，直到茄子变软。用盐和胡椒调味，加入两汤匙切碎的欧芹。冷却到室温。尼克小心翼翼地点点头问好。“我注意到，除了菲比·道林，今晚每个人都在场，劳伦·莫蒂默，还有萨迪斯·约翰逊。你知道他们的下落吗？““尼克摇了摇头。<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>【丙申年生人,大运壬寅年啥意思】
是天克地冲，也就是说天干壬水， 克丙火，地支寅木冲申金。这就是天克地冲。
【丙申和壬寅冲谁受伤】
壬寅。
如果身旺，寅是忌神，是不怕冲的，会越冲越好。身弱的话要注意，如果身弱，寅又是用神就更要注意。
壬寅为干支之一，顺序为第39个。前一位是辛丑，后一位是癸卯。论阴阳五行，天干之壬属阳之水，地支之寅属阳之木，是水生木相生。
【大运壬寅,时柱还是壬寅,今年遇丙申年,大运流年天冲地克,,会有啥不好...】
公历是是1965年2月21日星座是按公历算的
所以是双鱼座
【流年和日柱时柱同时伏吟,壬寅日壬寅时遇到壬寅流年,身弱,会应什么...】
壬寅流年还早，你担心过头了。最好提供你的八字
【请问老师日柱壬寅,逢流年壬寅会有困扰吗?八字丁卯丙午壬寅癸卯】
不会
【请大师看看这个八字排盘 详细解释一下】
命主主要是想问感情和财运的吧<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>For millennia, men and women have studied birds, bats, and beetles, observing and experimenting, attempting to determine what humans must do to fly by flapping.
But people can’t fly by flapping: not with wings covering their arms; not with pedaled, chain-driven wings; and, so far, not with internal-combustion engines, either. Nonetheless, the concept of manned ornithopters continues to hover on the periphery of aeronautical engineering. This project shows you how to build a small, rubber band-powered ornithopter we call Orly.
There are many types of ornithopter designs. Orly is a simple monoplane, meaning there is a single wing mounted above the motor-stick, and its motion is similar to a bird in flight.
How do ornithopters fly? According to Nathan Chronister of the online Ornithopter Zone, “The ornithopter wing is attached to the body at a slight angle, which is called the angle of attack. The downward stroke of the wing deflects air down- ward and backward, generating lift and thrust.
“Also, the wing surface is flexible. This causes the wing to flex to the correct angle of attack we need in order to produce the forces that we want to achieve flight.”
The mechanics of flapping flight are far more complicated than that of fixed-wing flight. For an aircraft with fixed wings, only forward motion is necessary to induce aerodynamic lift. But for flapping flight, the wing not only has to have a forward motion, but also must travel up and down. This additional dimension means the wing constantly changes shape during flight.
Without doubt, even the earliest humans watched birds fly past and felt, well, rather envious. Thus when Thag, a Pleistocene caveman, looked up and saw flocks of ducks and geese soaring above, he might have gathered together a few palm fronds, lashed them around his arms with a vine, and leapt off a tree. Poor Thag never got airborne, or at least he didn’t live to record the episode in petroglyphs on his cave wall.
Later, from ancient Greece, comes the legend of Daedalus and Icarus. Daedalus was a skilled engineer who angered King Minos. Minos ordered him imprisoned in a tower.
According to Bulfinch’s Mythology, “Daedalus contrived to make his escape from his prison, but could not leave the island by sea, as the king kept strict watch on all the vessels.
“So he set to work to fabricate wings for himself and his young son Icarus. He wrought feathers together, beginning with the smallest and adding larger, so as to form an increasing surface. The larger ones he secured with thread and the smaller with wax, and gave the whole a gentle curvature like the wings of a bird.”
Unfortunately for Daedalus, the attempt at flight didn’t entirely work. His son, Icarus, flew too near the sun, melting the wax that held the wings together. Icarus fell out of the sky and drowned in the ocean.
To a large extent, that’s been the typical outcome of human flapping flight experiments, right up to modern times.
The New York Times has run many stories over the years:
Around 1490, Leonardo da Vinci was carefully studying the mechanics of avian flight. From his bird-watching came perhaps the first blueprint for a human-carrying ornithopter. More of a theoretician than a true maker, Leonardo never got his flying machine off the paper in his notebooks. Had it been built, it likely would not have flown. Still, experts say his design is clever, and embodies modern aerodynamic principles developed hundreds of years later.
Interest in flapping flight took off again in the 1870s. Building model ornithopters became fashionable in Europe, and a number of enthusiasts — among them Alphonse Penaud, Hureau de Villeneuve, and Gustave Trouvé — built internally powered birds that soared over the fields of France and Flanders. Soon, ornithopters powered by rubber bands, gasoline, electricity, and even gunpowder were flapping away, but as scale models, not people-carrying aircraft.
Since then, many people have tried to build a manned ornithopter, but none have yet succeeded. There are unconfirmed reports that the Germans made one during World War II and that the Soviets flew one during the Cold War, but solid evidence is lacking. Today the University of Toronto is making a game attempt.
Why bother with ornithopters at all? Because flappers can do things other aircraft cannot. They probably have the best maneuverability of any aircraft. Unlike fixed-wing drones, ornithopters, at least in theory, can stop and hover like a humming- bird, which makes them extremely versatile, and they need less space to maneuver than a helicopter. Couple all that with their ability to fly at very slow speeds, and ornithopters may be the perfect surveillance vehicles. The military applications for unmanned ornithopters are numerous.
Ornithopters have practical applications in civilian life, as well. For instance, the Colorado Division of Wildlife uses an ornithopter to research a hard-to-capture endangered species called the Gunnison sage grouse. This skittish bird flies away at the first sign of danger but will stay on the
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che il nostro cammino di fede e la pratica dei sacramenti riguardassero la
nostra minuscola salvezza personale, mentre la salvezza di milioni di vite
riguarda organizzazioni internazionali, politici, e al massimo si manda un
assegno per beneficenza o per elemosinaÂ…..
Proprio
perché siamo nell'era della comunicazione e l'essere credenti è innanzitutto
COMUNE UNIONE DI VALORI REALIZZATI IN COMUNE UNITA', cioè è comunione e
comunità , siamo obbligati a dire i nostri "sì" e i nostri
"no". Oggi possiamo saper che cosa facciamo quando rispondiamo
affermativamente a un progetto economico, pubblicitario, politico finanziario,.
E, se è il caso, dobbiamo saper dire: "NO, grazie!" e fare, come ai cristiani è consigliato fin dalla loro origine, una
sana obiezione di coscienza:
·
al consumo
di quel prodotto
·
a quella
pratica di distruzione
·
a quel
progetto di morte
·
al servizio
militare e alle armi
·
alle lacrime
e al sangue versato dai nostri fratelli afflitti
·
all'ingiustizia
dilagante e all'assoluta indifferenza
·
alla
produzione, commercio delle armi e alle guerre
·
alle
tangentopoli grandi e piccole, "legali" e illegali
Per
ritornare alla dimensione cristiana del "sì,sì, no no" !!
All'assoluta coerenza fra ciò che si pensa e ciò che si fa. E' urgente! Non
possiamo più continuare con i consueti ritmi tiepidi né con le mezze risposte
o un impegno a metà tempo. Per mettersi la coscienza a posto!!
Anche
Ezechiele Ramin come tanti testimoni ha cominciato dai piccoli passi, dalle
piccole scelte per poi innamorarsi di un "popolo", di una causa, di
volti di poveri che avevano un nome, una storia, una vita, dei sogni.
Ma
soprattutto si sono innamorati del Dio Vivente.
E'
Dio che continua a chiamare e a mandare, che sbarra la strada, come a Mosè, che
chiama proprio te per nome e t'invita ai fratelli che oggi gemono nella schiavitù…..
Forse,
come Mosè e come Ezechiele, ti senti povero, incapace. Non avere paura; è Lui
che ti manda, è Lui che ti darà la forza per affrontare il tuo faraone.
Se
nella tua vita sperimenterai il Dio che in Cristo Gesù ci ha liberato da tutte
le schiavitù, allora sentirai anche l'urgenza di andare da ogni uomo e da ogni
popolo che vive in schiavitù per essere fermento di liberazione.
PERMETTIMI,
SIGNORE
Permettimi, Signore, un'intenzione speciale per il mio popolo, il mondo senza voce.
Ci sono migliaia e migliaia di creature umane senza diritto di alzare la loro voce,
senza possibilità di reclamare, di protestare:
i senza casa, i senza cibo, gli ignudiÂ….
Se noi che crediamo in Te avessimo aiutato i nostri fratelli ricchi, i privilegiati,
aprendo loro gli occhi, ridestando le loro coscienze,
gli ingiusti non sarebbero avanzati, la distanza tra ricchi e poveri
non sarebbe così stridente, non solo fra individui ma anche tra continenti.
Fa, o Signore,
ciò che noi non abbiamo saputo fare e ciò che non sappiamo fare.
Com'è difficile superare la barriera degli aiuti, dei doni, dell'assistenza,
e raggiungere il dominio della giustizia!
I privilegiati si irritano, si credono malgiudicati; scoprono la ribellione e il comunismo
nei gesti più democratici, più umani, più cristiani.
L'errore, per lo meno in parte, è nostro. Se le chiese riuscissero a dare testimonianza
della volontà di liberarsi dagli ingranaggi del denaro!
Padre, manda il tuo Spirito perché Lui solo può rinnovare la faccia della terra!
Lui solo potrà cancellare gli egoismi, condizione indispensabile
perché siano superate le strutture ingiuste che tengono milioni di esseri in schiavitù.
Lui solo potrà aiutarci a costruire un mondo più umano e più cristiano.
Dom Helder Camara - La voce del mondo senza voce, EMI<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>她是改变中国速滑历史的人，曾带领美国夺冠后拒唱国歌被喷
李琰是前中国短道速滑运动员，1966年出生于大连，12岁的时候，李琰就跟着当地的速滑队开始接受正统的速滑训练，天赋极高的李琰很快就在地方队崭露头角，并且后来加入了国家队。在1988年冬奥会的比赛中，李琰拿到了短道速滑的一金二银，还打破了1000米和1500米的世界纪录。
退役后的李琰为了培养更多优秀的短道速滑选手，起身去往欧洲，先后在斯诺伐克、奥地利、美国许多速滑俱乐部当了一段时间的教练，而且她的学生也非常争气。1999年，在李琰的带领下，斯诺伐克速滑队在欧锦赛创造了历史最好成绩。第二年担任奥地利速滑教练，也帮助奥地利国家队创造了许多好成绩。
2003年，李琰受邀成为美国速滑国家队主教练，这一当就是三年，在2006年都灵冬奥会的比赛中，李琰和爱徒阿波罗拿下男子短道速滑500米的金牌，创造了速滑历史，也让韩国速滑王安贤洙的四金梦破灭。但就在这个时候，美国观众发现奏国歌的时候，身为教练的李琰居然没有跟着唱，这让李琰遭到了许多美国媒体的无情谩骂，而李琰只是表示说：“我的学生夺冠我很高兴，但是我不会去唱美国国歌的，我看到五星红旗的时候眼眶里会有泪水在打转，我只唱中国国歌。”<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>موزه طراحی لندن
این پروژه ها تصویری روشن از وضعیت فعلی جهان را نشان می دهد که چندین نمونه از آنها مربوط به پناهندگان و بحران سیاسی سال گذشته است.
مقاله مرتبط: هنر وصنایع دستی
تمرکز بر روی طرح های اجتماعی محور نیز مشهود است. از این موارد می توان پروژه های Calais Builds یا Francis kere برای یک دبیرستان در بورکینا فاسو، و همچنین،Pussyhat، که تبدیل به یک نماد اعتراضی در برابر سخنان تبعیض گرایانه جنسیتی دونالد ترامپ شده است را نام برد.
البته، این موزه شامل طرح های خلاقانه ای نیز می شود، مانند واقعیت افزوده بازی Pokemon Go در سال گذشته، و یا یک رابط کاربری جدید برای نام تجاری تلویزیون لیگ برتر، توسط DixonBaxi. فن آوری های جدید نیز در این لیست، به عنوان یک استفاده خلاقانه از مصالح و مواد، مانند نیمکت قابل بازیافت مکس لیمب، و یا مبلمان لاوای gt2Pاستودیو شیلی است.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>di Denis Lavinski Nel giugno del 2008, quattro organizzazioni nazionaliste tennero una conferenza all’hotel Kosmos di Mosca. La conferenza era intitolata “Un nuovo nazionalismo politico”. Sul palco era appeso uno striscione con un ragazzo russo biondo dalla pelle chiara contro un cielo blu. Appeso in alto c’era una striscione con lo slogan: “Il futuro ci appartiene!”. Il design era grezzo e rudimentale come il punto che gli organizzatori cercavano di stabilire. Un piccolo assaggio del passato di Alexey Navalny. Molto lontano dal personaggio patinato e con ottime strategie di marketing che vediamo oggi. Nella foto di allora, Navalny è in piedi con le braccia alzate, trionfante, accanto a tre figure dell’estrema destra e del nazionalismo russo. Sono: il presidente del partito Grande Russia, Andrey Savelyev; il presidente del Movimento sociale russo (ROD), Konstantin Krylov; e il leader del Movimento contro l’immigrazione illegale (DPNI), Alexander Potkin alias Belov. Navalny partecipava alla conferenza come principale rappresentante dell’organizzazione NAROD, o Movimento di liberazione nazionale russo (il testo completo del Manifesto di NAROD si può leggere qui).
Navalny riassunse gli eventi e gli obiettivi della conferenza in una post del suo Live Journal del 9 giugno: “Abbiamo discusso di tante cose ma tutti hanno ribadito il punto fondamentale: il nazionalismo deve essere una vera forza politica; i principi della democrazia e dei diritti umani sono organici per il movimento; il nostro primo ordine del giorno è liberarci da elementi di discredito, hitleriani, teppisti e pseudo-patrioti antiquati; dobbiamo sfuggire al nostro ghetto di cricca marginalizzata e generare sostegno all’interno delle classi urbane istruite. Il coordinatore del DPNI di Tver lo ha detto ancor meglio: “Gli skinhead nel nostro movimento non ci servono. Abbiamo bisogno di avvocati, economisti e giornalisti”.
La conferenza fu descritta in alcune pubblicazioni dell’epoca. Il momento clou arrivò quando alcuni provocatori attaccarono il palco brandendo dei dildo di plastica mentre il leader del DPNI Alexander Belov iniziava a parlare. Provocazione attribuita a un gruppo di giovani sostenuto dal Cremlino, per rovinare l’evento. Al termine della conferenza, gli organizzatori firmarono un patto per confermare l’intenzione di unire le forze del nazionalismo. Era intitolato “Il patto dell’8 giugno” ed era accompagnato da una dichiarazione politica (la versione completa della dichiarazione si può leggere qui).
Ecco un passaggio che fornisce una sintesi dei principi discussi alla conferenza e sostenuti dai suoi organizzatori: “La democratizzazione della politica russa è necessaria, ma da sola non basta. La democrazia funziona solo nel quadro di uno Stato-nazione, che si fonda sull’unità storica e culturale della popolazione del Paese. La nazione da sola lega coloro che detengono il potere alla loro popolazione con vincoli di solidarietà e obbligo reciproco e definisce i cittadini come proprietari del proprio Paese. La nazione che ha creato il nostro Paese è la nazione russa. La Russia sarà uno Stato nazionale russo o sarà la vittima impotente di clan oligarchici, burocratici e criminali”.
Questo è un buon riassunto della filosofia politica alla base degli elementi del movimento del nazionalismo russo in quel momento. Gli organizzatori della conferenza si autodefinivano National Democrats o Natsdems. La visione è molto chiara: la Russia deve diventare uno Stato-nazione in cui i russi etnici vengono prima di chiunque altro. La Federazione russa plurinazionale è un’impresa criminale corrotta che sopprime il popolo russo e favorisce le minoranze etniche a scapito dei russi etnici e della cultura russa. Ai loro occhi la democrazia in Russia significherebbe il governo della maggioranza e l’etnia russa potrebbe finalmente diventare “padrone a casa propria”.
Questo è un filone della più ampia ideologia del nazionalismo russo che animava l’annuale Marcia Russa e quello che veniva generalmente chiamato Movimento Russo. Tutti e quattro i leader sopra menzionati erano coinvolti nell’organizzazione delle marce. Oltre ai gruppi “moderati” che erano presenti conferenza, il Movimento Russo comprendeva e comprende tutti i tipi di estremisti di estrema destra, dai neo-nazisti pagani ai monarchici ultraortodossi.
Questa settimana, il New Yorker ha pubblicato un articolo di Masha Gessen teso ad affrontare il tema del nazionalismo di Navalny. Si può leggere l’articolo e convincersi che il coinvolgimento di Navalny con gli elementi tossici dell’estrema destra russa fosse solo un flirt passeggero. Il messaggio implicito dell’articolo è: “Quando ha capito di non poter tenere a freno i nazionalisti, di non poterli usare per i suoi nobili obiettivi liberali, Navalny si è arreso e se n’è lavato le mani”. Gessen rassicura i lettori che “nel tipo di Russia per cui lui ei suoi sostenitori stanno combattendo, una società libera e democratica, la Marcia Russa sarà un evento festivo come la parata del giorno di San Patrizio”. Si fa anche in quattro per evidenziare i sostenitori e i conoscenti di etnia ebraica e non russa di Navalny. Tuttavia, il vero problema dell’articolo della Gessen è che travisa la profondità dei legami di Navalny con il movimento del nazionalismo russo.
Questo è il motivo per cui ricordo quella conferenza. Tutto sommato, la conferenza e il “Patto dell’8 giugno” sono poco più di una nota a piè di pagina nella storia. Ma è chiaro con chi si associava Navalny all’epoca e che cosa significa quando viene definito nazionalista. All’epoca della conferenza, alcuni esponenti del movimento russo volevano trasformarsi in una forza politica ed elettorale vitale. Come modello guardavano ai partiti del nazionalismo anti-immigrati di destra in Europa e in America. Il Front National di Marine Le Pen, la Lega Nord in Italia e, più recentemente, Alternative For Deutschland in Germania. Fondamentalmente, invidiavano la portata della retorica nazionalista, xenofoba e anti-immigrati di tali partiti sulla scena politica degli Stati europei sviluppati e democratici.
Gli organizzatori della conferenza esprimevano le stesse ansie per le orde di stranieri che si notavano in Europa e in America. Nei suoi discorsi Belov citava regolarmente la banlieu di Parigi come un esempio. Navalny giustificava spesso la sua retorica anti-immigrati indicando l’esempio del Partito Repubblicano negli Stati Uniti. Perché politici americani rispettabili possono usare slogan come “Build The Wall” e noi i russi no?
In uno dei suoi saggi Konstantin Krylov articola questo aspetto della loro comune visione del mondo e del suo significato per la Russia: “Esiste una connessione difficile da comprendere, ma molto reale, tra le persone e la terra in cui vivono. Prendiamo ad esempio la Francia: cacciate via tutti i francesi, o anche solo rendeteli subordinati alle forze straniere. La Francia che tutti amano non esisterà più. Lo stesso vale per qualsiasi altra cultura storica”.
Pertanto, la Russia può essere concepita solo come un Paese russo. La Russia è stata creata per i russi, solo i russi possono lavorare questa terra e farla fiorire. Riconoscere questo non diminuisce in alcun modo i meriti degli altri popoli, che hanno svolto un loro ruolo nel nostro patrimonio comune, e nessuno può toglierglielo. Ma fondare la Russia come un insieme unitario è compito che possiamo realizzare no russi, e solo noi.
La questione della migrazione economica dalle ex repubbliche sovietiche dell’Asia centrale era un tema fondamentale per questo gruppo. Ovviamente era la questione principale per Alexander Belov e il suo “Movimento contro l’immigrazione illegale”. L’istituzione di un regime dei visti e la rigida regolamentazione della migrazione da Stati non europei è ancora oggi una parte fondamentale della piattaforma politica di Alexey Navalny. Questa posizione vede i migranti delle ex repubbliche sovietiche come invasori stranieri. Anche se prima del 1991 i cittadini delle repubbliche dell’Asia centrale e i russi erano compatrioti nell’URSS.
L’odio e il sosp
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Striscia di fondazione
- Le fondamenta sono state progettate - i suoi contorni di design sono trasferiti sul sito con l'aiuto di tondo per cemento armato e spago.
- Pale per scavare una fossa alla profondità del nastro più 20 cm sotto il letto di tenuta;
- Sul fondo della trincea si forma uno strato di sabbia di 10 cm di spessore, sopra uno strato di pietrisco di simile spessore. La biancheria da letto è completamente compattata da rincalzatura.
- Le casseforme al di fuori della trincea sono fatte di tavole spesse 1-2 cm, che formeranno la parte a terra del nastro. La struttura è rinforzata con paletti e montanti. Le pareti delle trincee e delle casseforme sono ricoperte da materiale impermeabilizzante.
- Il rinforzo della fondazione viene eseguito da una struttura a doppio circuito di rinforzo con un diametro di 12-16 mm. Le zone superiore e inferiore del seminterrato sono collegate da ponticelli verticali con un gradino di 40 cm. È estremamente importante rinforzare correttamente gli angoli del nastro: il telaio non deve essere unito con un giunto a croce, ma con aste ricurve ad angolo retto.
- Una volta completato il rinforzo e installato il telaio assemblato nella cassaforma, la fondazione superficiale viene cementata con il calcestruzzo del marchio M200-M300.
Lo smantellamento della cassaforma viene effettuato 2 settimane dopo la colata, dopodiché è possibile dotare il pavimento e alzare le pareti della struttura. Il pavimento dovrà essere riscaldato per eliminare la perdita di calore del bagno attraverso il soffitto. Se si effettua un pavimento in ritardo, l'isolamento (lana minerale, schiuma o EPS) viene inserito tra i registri e rivestito con pannelli facciali.
L'impermeabilizzazione dell'isolamento è importante - dovrebbe essere coperta su entrambi i lati con una membrana in PVC che impedisce al materiale di marcire sotto l'influenza di umidità elevata. L'impermeabilizzazione si trova anche sul contorno superiore del nastro, che ospita il bagno del soffitto della cantina.
Fondazione per edilizia (video)
Fondazione pilastro
È razionale fare un fondamento colonnare per un bagno con tubi di amianto ristretti, approfonditi al di sotto del livello di congelamento del terreno con le proprie mani - in questo caso, il telaio sarà protetto dal sollevamento. Il legame delle colonne viene eseguito da una griglia da una barra o da un canale.
Considera come versare la fondazione sotto il bagno:
- I contorni della fondazione sono contrassegnati sul sito e vengono indicati i punti di fissaggio dei supporti.
- Con l'aiuto di uno strumento di perforazione portatile, vengono sviluppati pozzi per l'installazione di pilastri (il diametro ottimale dei tubi di amianto è di 25-30 cm, la profondità della fondazione è di 2 m).
- I tubi sono montati nel pozzo, sono rinforzati con 4 aste di rinforzo del 10 ° diametro (le aste sono conficcate nel terreno).
- Il calcestruzzo M300 viene versato nei tubi fino a quando la miscela non si è indurita, un perno di acciaio (barra lunga 40-50 cm con filettatura) viene inserito al centro del pilastro sotto il supporto per grill. Il perno dovrebbe sporgere attraverso lo spessore della griglia e penetrare nel calcestruzzo di almeno 20 cm.
- Il pilastro è rifinito con una graticola di un legno con una sezione di 15 × 20 cm, la barra viene tagliata a misura, i giunti scanalati vengono tagliati sulle parti di unione, dopo di che le tubazioni vengono posate sui supporti. Nei punti di unione tra i montanti nel legno viene praticato un foro passante per il prigioniero e un nido di atterraggio per il dado di fissaggio (utilizzando una punta a penna).
La fondazione delle gomme per il bagno
Prima di posare il grilletto, è necessario eseguire l'impermeabilizzazione dei pilastri - il materiale di copertura o lo stekloizol viene posato sulla parte terminale sotto la trave.
Fondazioni di pneumatici
La tecnologia di disporre di un seminterrato di pneumatici per una piccola capanna o una vasca da bagno leggera è estremamente semplice nel design: qui non sono necessari né rinforzi né impermeabilizzazione. Per lavoro, hai bisogno di 10-15 pneumatici da una macchina (diametro 60-70 cm).
La distribuzione dei pneumatici è la seguente: uno alla volta negli angoli del tronco e uniformemente, con incrementi di 1 m lungo il perimetro delle sue mura. Inizialmente, è necessario fare un buco su tutta l'area del bagno con una profondità di 15-20 cm, riempirlo con le macerie, livellare e compattare strettamente la lettiera.
Quindi, segna i contorni del telaio e pioli indicano la posizione dei pneumatici. Dopo aver centrato le gomme sui pioli, posare il fondo con geotessile e riempire di macerie, non raggiungendo i 5 cm in cima. Rammenti schiacciati e lo spazio rimanente è riempito con malta di cemento e sabbia.
Per evitare la distruzione di pneumatici durante il funzionamento a causa del sole cocente, devono essere chiusi con isolamento in vetro, dopo di che è possibile procedere alla posa del rivestimento inferiore e alzando le pareti.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>جلسه راهبری راهاندازی سامانه تخصصی پژوهشگران باشگاه پژوهشگران جوان و نخبگان با حضور رئیس دانشگاه آزاد برگزار شد.
به گزارش نبض بیمه ، جلسه راهبری راه اندازی سامانه تخصصی پژوهشگران باشگاه پژوهشگران جوان و نخبگان صبح امروز (چهارشنبه، 28 آبان) با حضور دکتر محمدمهدی طهرانچی، رئیس دانشگاه آزاد و دکتر بابک نگاهداری، مسئول باشگاه پژوهشگران جوان و نخبگان برگزار شد.
طهرانچی در این جلسه با تأکید بر لزوم وجود یک محیط تعاملی و رشد یابنده در سامانه تخصصی پژوهشگران باشگاه پژوهشگران جوان و نخبگان، گفت: لازم است با ایجاد ارزش افزوده های فراوان در این سامانه فرصتی فراهم شود تا پژوهشگران زندگی علمی روان تری در این سامانه داشته باشند.
وی با اشاره به افزایش تعداد دانشجویان دانشگاه آزاد در سال تحصیلی جدید، اظهار کرد: این امر نشان دهنده تلاش شبانه روزی مجموعه دانشگاه و کار درست و با کیفیت در این زمینه است. راه اندازی سامانه های تخصصی در دانشگاه نیز می تواند به افزایش دانشجو و نشاط و سرزندگی در دانشگاه کمک کند.
در این جلسه موضوعاتی از جمله جزئیات سامانه تخصصی، فعالیت های انجام شده، نکات کلیدی راه اندازی سامانه، ساختار عملیاتی، ایجاد اتاق گفت وگو، اتاق اختصاصی پایان نامه، مخزن محتوای مشترک، شبکه پژوهشگران و … مورد بررسی قرار گرفت.
بنا بر اعلام روابط عمومی دانشگاه آزاد، همچنین مقرر شد رویداد نوآفرین با محوریت سامانه شبکه سازی و تعامل پژوهشی توسط باشگاه پژوهشگران جوان و نخبگان دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد یادگار امام (ره) به صورت مجازی در آینده نزدیک برگزار شود.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>为了提高油井管的使用寿命,降低成本,油田都要求油井管能够反复使用多次,这就对油管提出了良好的抗粘扣性能的要求。因为如果油管发生粘扣, 螺纹连接的完整性便遭到破坏,继续使用可能导致螺纹连接处的泄漏、连接强度降低,严重的可能发生脱落掉井等事故,给油田造成巨大的经济损失。
API 标准要求油管在使用时能够上卸扣6次不粘扣。虽然各油田的井况都不相同 , 油管下井时的上扣条件 ( 上扣手段、上扣扭矩与转速的控制等)也不尽相同，对油管上卸扣次数的要求不同，但各油田基本上都要求油管的上卸扣次数能达到 10 次以上，有些油田甚至要求能达到 30 次以上。<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Qui si batte la fiacca.
Il problema è che è arrivata l'estate.
"Qualche mese fa il problema era che era arrivata la primavera", qualcuno potrebbe osservare, ricordando certe mie geremiadi.
E a ragione.
"Forse il problema è che tu hai molti problemi con molte cose diverse", potrebbe dire qualcun altro, e anche lui a ragione.
E comunque.
La primavera mi fa dormire, più o meno ovunque, e mi fa venire un po' di malinconia e di paturnie.
L'estate, invece, mi spossa.
E mi fa venire voglia solo di leggere, ascoltare Paolo Conte e giocare a videogiochi (al momento Rise of Atlantis, una roba che dà vera dipendenza). Insomma, come direbbe mia madre, mi riduce ad una piaga d'Egitto fatta e finita.
Per fortuna, tra i suoi effetti collaterali l'estate non mi toglie la fame, per cui in questa casa si mangia, come al solito.
Ma si sperimenta poco. E quando lo si fa, raramente si ha voglia di fare qualche scatto (non che faccia una grande differenza, data la media qualità delle mie foto!).
Ma questa torta - che non è certo né una novità né una ricetta particolarmente esotica - è davvero buona e piace molto alla Spia, e non solo.
Qualche giorno fa, l'avevo appena fatta e l'avevo lasciata su una gratella, sul tavolo.
Dopo di che, un piccione particolarmente audace - o goloso, chi sa - è entrato dal balcone in cucina, è salito sul tavolo e si è abbondantemente servito della torta.
Quando la Spia, presentendo qualche disgrazia, è entrato in cucina, ha avuto una delle visioni più raccapriccianti della sua vita: un piccione - animale da lui sommamente detestato - che mangiava la SUA torta.
Ripresosi dal trauma, la Spia l'ha cacciato via a male parole e il piccione, poveretto, è volato via come un fulmine e per la paura ha dato una sonora capocciata alla porta finestra.
Poi la Spia ha inveito contro le due gatte, che sono sempre in giro a cacciare moscerini e farfalle (mai una zanzara che sia una, mai, accidenti a loro!) e quando c'è bisogno davvero di loro che cosa fanno? Dormono. "Vi mando a lavorare!" l'ho sentito urlare, la Spia, che è una personcina educata e parla sempre come se fosse dentro un confessionale - e quanto mi piace questa cosa di lui, benché a volte faccia una fatica del diavolo a capire che cosa dice e che cosa vuole (ma ho notato che dire "Sì, caro" risolve gran parte delle situazioni).
Insomma, non credo sia nella lista dei primi 100 motivi per cui si consiglia di fare una torta, ma nel caso voleste compiacere un piccione, sappiate che con questa potreste riuscirci con facilità.
Una parola ancora sulla ricetta, che è presa da I love cake di Trish Deseine di cui ho parlato già qui.
Ho fatto questa torta diverse volte e a parte la prima ho sempre modificato la procedura (sul libro ce n'è una a mio parere piuttosto inusuale) e anche le quantità di burro, zucchero e ricotta. Forse la versione più equilibrata è questa di cui vi do le quantità, ma tra parentesi metto l'ultimo "modello", in cui ho aumentato considerevolmente la ricotta e ridotto ulteriormente il burro. Ovviamente tutte queste modifiche comportano variazioni nel tempo di cottura e nella consistenza della torta, che diventa più morbida, quasi fondente. Non è una torta ariosa, sappiatelo, ma umida.
Torta di ricotta da I love cake di Trish Deseine
(per una tortiera di 20 cm di diametro)
80 gr di uvetta
100 ml di Marsala
125 gr di burro (80 gr)
125 gr di zucchero
3 uova, separate
1 cucchiaino di estratto di vaniglia
250 gr di ricotta (300)
175 gr di farina
1 cucchiaino e mezzo di lievito per dolci
Preriscaldate il forno a 180°.
In un pentolino scaldate appena il Marsala, poi metteteci l'uvetta e lasciatela riposare per circa 20'.
Nel frattempo lavorate il burro con lo zucchero fino ad avere un composto soffice.
Aggiungete i rossi delle uova, poi l'estratto di vaniglia, la ricotta e le uvette CON il Marsala (secondo la ricetta originale il Marsala si butta; orrore e abominio!, al limite lo si beve, ma buttarlo...), la farina e il lievito (entrambi setacciati).
Montate le chiare e unitele al composto che poi verserete nella teglia imburrata e infarinata.
Fate cuocere per circa 40-50' (nel mio forno più 50' che 40').
Sfornate, mettete su una gratella e lasciate raffreddare - eventualmente vigilando che nessun piccione ne approfitti per assaggiare il risultato delle vostre fatiche (si fa per dire, è facilissima!).
Servite eventualmente con zucchero a velo - cosa di cui io e la Spia non abbiamo mai sentito il bisogno: la torta è ottima anche così, nature.
Enjoy!<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>As audiologists, we know that early detection and intervention for permanent, sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is critical for language development, academic achievement, and social and emotional well-being.
The authors of this study investigated 53,711 children with hearing loss and a mean age of 7 years 3 months. The children were both male and female, Asian, Black, Hispanic, and White.
Their goal was to further understand how patient and clinician factors influenced variations in the diagnostic workup and management. The associations of age, sex, SNHL laterality, clinician type, race/ethnicity, and household income with diagnostic workup and intervention use were measured in multivariable analyses.
The results were less than optimal. Of all patients, 32,200 (60.0 percent) were seen by general otolaryngologists, while 7,573 (14.10 percent) were seen by pediatric otolaryngologists.
Diagnostic workup (electrocardiogram, testing for cytomegalovirus, magnetic resonance imaging, computerized tomography, genetics) was received by only 14,647 patients (27.3 percent), while only 13,482 (25.1 percent) received intervention (speech-language therapy, hearing aids, cochlear implants).
Children who were seen by pediatric otolaryngologists and geneticists had the highest odds of receiving workup and intervention. Additionally, racial/ethnic and economic disparities were observed in the use of most modalities of diagnostic workup and intervention.
“Since hearing loss has profound effects on children’s language development and learning, making sure that your children get the appropriate workup and treatment is critical,” said Cheng, chief of pediatric otolaryngology at Stanford University School of Medicine.
Both the diagnostic workup and treatment of children with hearing loss can vary, which can lead to different patient outcomes,” Cheng said.
There obviously remains a great need for increased education and standardization in the management of childhood SNHL.
Qian ZJ, Chang KW, Ahmad IN, Tribble MS, Cheng AG. (2020) Use of diagnostic testing and intervention for sensorineural hearing loss in US children from 2008 to 2018. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. Published online December 30, 2020.
“Huh?” is used in at least 31 languages around the world! A version of the word can be found in nearly every language on Earth (Dingemanse et al, 2013). This research concluded that all languages studied included a word similar, in both sound and function, to the English “huh?” Regardless of language, the word is…
If you have a dog or cat, you’ve probably seen their ears moving toward an interesting or startling sound. For professional equestrians, watching the ears of their horse allows them to gauge their shifting attention. Humans still have these same muscles, and even more interesting is their relationship to our brain and how we pay attention. …
Tai Chi is not just for increasing balance; it may also help improve
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a ne olur? Çevrimdışı işlevselliği iyileşmiş olsa da bu, Chrome OS ile ilgili en büyük şikayetlerden biridir.
Chromebook, bu yaklaşımı deneyen ilk ürün değil. Yerel depolamadan yoksun olan ve yerel bir sunucuya veya ana bilgisayara bağlanan "aptal terminaller" olarak adlandırılanlar, onlarca yıl öncesine dayanmaktadır. Yalnızca internete yönelik ilk ürün denemeleri arasında eski NIC (Yeni İnternet Bilgisayarı), Netpliance iOpener ve felaketle sonuçlanan 3Com Ergo Audrey yer aldı. Hepsinin zamanından çok önce çıkış yaptığını iddia edebilirsiniz; 1990'ların çevirmeli bağlantı hızları, günümüzün hızlandırılmış geniş bant internet bağlantılarına kıyasla eğitim çarklarına sahipti.
Bu yüzden çoğu kişi bulut bilişimin işe yaradığını iddia eder. İnternete bağlantı, sabit sürücüye bağlantı kadar hızlıdır. En azından bazılarımız için.
Bulutun Dezavantajları
What if? dergisinin 2013 yılındaki bir sayısında Xkcd-karikatüristi (ve eski NASA robotisti) Randall Monroe, "İnternetin bant genişliğinin ne zaman -eğer olursa- FedEx'inkini geçeceği sorusunu yanıtlamaya çalışmıştır?" (Monroe, yanıtın 2040 yılı olduğu sonucuna vardı.) Bazı uzmanlar bunu bulut bilişimin üstü kapalı bir eleştirisi olarak aldı. Çünkü yerel depolamanın hızı ve maliyeti, bir telekom şirketi (ISS'niz) tarafından kontrol edilen geniş alanlı bir ağ bağlantısı kullanarak daha fazladır.
ISP'ler, telekomünikasyon şirketleri ve medya şirketleri erişiminizi kontrol eder. Tüm inancınızı buluta koymak, tüm inancınızı sürekli, sınırsız erişime de koymanız anlamına gelir. Alabilirsin ama sana pahalıya patlar. Ne kadar çok bant genişliği kullanırsanız, maliyeti o kadar artar.
Belki o şirketlere güveniyorsundur. Sorun değil, ancak buluta bütün bir veriyle girmeye karşı birçok başka argüman var. Çökme potansiyelini düşünün. Amazon gibi Netflix ve Pinterest gibi büyük şirketlere bulut altyapısı sağlayan bir şirkette sorun olduğunda tüm bu hizmetleri devre dışı bırakabiliyor. Ve daha fazlası: Amazon'un S3 depolama hizmeti 2017'de yanlış yapılandırıldığında, tüm internetin büyük bir bölümü zarar gördü. Aralık 2021'de belirli bölgelerde tekrar meydana geldi. Sorunlar genellikle yalnızca saatlerce sürer, ancak bu pek iyi bir teselli sayılmaz.
Dürüst olmak gerekirse, önemli değil. Bulut bilişim biraz Vahşi Batı gibi olabilir, burada kurallar siz ilerledikçe yapılır ve en iyisini umarsınız, ancak Bulut Bilişim hep bizimle var olacaktır.
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- Bu Ayarları Değiştirerek Apple Watch'ınızdan En İyi Şekilde Yararlanın<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>رییس دفتر رییس جمهور از افزایش ٢٥ برابری ظرفیت نگهداری و درمان معتادان استان تهران نسبت به چهار سال قبل خبر داد.
دیده بان ایران - محمد نهاوندیان در حاشیه افتتاح فاز سه مرکز نگهداری و درمان اخوان و در گفتگو با خبرنگاران اظهار کرد: ظرفیت نگهداری و درمان معتادان در استان تهران نسبت به چهار سال قبل ٢٥ برابر شده است.
وی افزود: در بازدیدی که سه ماه قبل از این منطقه انجام شد، برای افزایش ظرفیت نگهداری معتادان در مرکز تصمیم گیری شد.
رییس دفتر رییس جمهور از اقدام فوری برای افزایش ۴۰ درصدی مرکز اخوان خبر داد و گفت: اجرای سه فاز بعدی نیز پیگیری خواهد شد و در آینده این مجموعه کل نیاز غرب استان تهران را می تواند پاسخگو باشد.
نهاوندیان ادامه داد: خوشبختانه با اقدام فوری نیروی انتظامی، منطقه گورستان نصیرآباد که محل فروش و توزیع مواد مخدر بود، پاکسازی شده و امنیت و آرامشی در آنجا برای مردم بوجود آمده است.
وی خاطر نشان کرد: در سالی که به نام اقدام و عمل نامگذاری شده بود، این اقدامات نمونه خوبی از اقدام و عمل بود و امیدواریم در سال ٩٦ نیز که سال تولید و اشتغال است، در راستای ایجاد فرصتهای شغلی برای جوانان تلاش خوبی انجام شود و مطمئنا جوان بانشاط و دارای شغل هرگز به سمت اعتیاد و مواد مخدر نخواهد رفت.
کانال رسمی دیدبان ایران در تلگرام<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Gli Stati Uniti rischiano di andare in default, andando oltre il tetto del debito pubblico fissato dal Congresso USA, e provocando conseguenze economiche catastrofiche. Cosa significa tutto questo per l'economia globale? Scopriamo le cause principali della situazione che si sta vivendo negli USA e quali potrebbero essere le possibili ripercussioni a livello mondiale.
Di cosa parla questo articolo...
- Il rischio di default degli Stati Uniti
- Le conseguenze economiche catastrofiche del default
- Il tetto del debito Usa
- Le cause principali della crisi degli Stati Uniti
- Le ripercussioni globali di una crisi economica americana
Rischio default per gli Stati Uniti: Cosa rischia l'economia mondiale
Il rischio di default degli Stati Uniti è un tema molto dibattuto nel mondo finanziario. Il Congresso Usa ha fissato il tetto massimo del debito pubblico per evitare il collasso dell'economia americana. Tuttavia, se questo tetto verrà superato, si potrebbero avere conseguenze economiche catastrofiche a livello globale.
Secondo la Casa Bianca, il superamento del tetto del debito porterebbe alla perdita di 8 milioni di posti di lavoro e a tagli drastici alla spesa pubblica. Janet Yellen, ministro del Tesoro USA, ha anche avvertito che "un default degli Stati Uniti minaccerebbe i guadagni per i quali abbiamo lavorato così duramente negli ultimi anni per riprenderci dalla pandemia e scatenerebbe una recessione globale che ci riporterebbe molto indietro".
Il tetto del debito Usa viene stabilito dal Congresso ed è stato introdotto nel 1917. Non è la prima volta che il tetto rischia di essere superato, ma questa volta la situazione potrebbe avere conseguenze molto gravi.
Cause della crisi economica degli Stati Uniti
La crisi economica degli Stati Uniti è stata causata da diversi fattori. Uno dei principali è la forte disuguaglianza economica e sociale che affligge il Paese. La classe media è in declino e molte persone lottano per arrivare a fine mese.
Inoltre, la politica fiscale degli Stati Uniti ha favorito soprattutto le grandi aziende e i ricchi, a discapito della classe media e dei poveri. Questo ha portato a un aumento della disuguaglianza e a un calo della domanda interna.
Infine, la politica estera degli Stati Uniti ha spesso portato a conflitti e guerre costose, che hanno contribuito ad aumentare il debito pubblico.
Una crisi economica degli Stati uniti potrebbe avere forti ripercussioni per tutti gli Stati mondiali. Gli Stati Uniti sono infatti il Paese più potente del mondo e contribuiscono notevolmente al sostegno del commercio globale. Un tale collasso dell’economica americana scatenerebbe quindi una serie di conseguenze su tutti i mercati del mondo. Tuttavia, è importante sottolineare che queste informazioni potrebbero essere solo rumors e che è necessario verificare le fonti.
“La speculazione finanziaria, il male assoluto” disse Papa Francesco nel 2013, riferendosi alla necessità di una globalizzazione dell’economia basata sulla giustizia, la solidarietà e la pace. La situazione degli Stati Uniti oggi sembra andare esattamente in direzione opposta, con la possibile crisi del debito pubblico e le conseguenze catastrofiche che ne deriverebbero a livello mondiale. Questa crisi potrebbe essere il risultato di una politica economica che ha privilegiato la speculazione anziché il benessere dei cittadini. Serve una revisione profonda del modo in cui vengono gestiti i soldi pubblici e un maggiore impegno per una globalizzazione equa e sostenibile.
Rischio default USA: il tetto del debito pubblico potrebbe superarsi, conseguenze economiche disastrose in arrivo
La situazione attuale degli Stati Uniti, con il rischio che il tetto del debito venga superato, è senz'altro preoccupante e richiede una soluzione urgente. Le conseguenze economiche e sociali sarebbero gravi non solo per gli americani, ma per tutto il mondo. La politica dovrebbe lavorare insieme per trovare una soluzione sostenibile a lungo termine, evitando il default e promuovendo la ripresa economica. A tal proposito, quale pensa sia la migliore strategia per evitare il default e garantire la stabilità economica a livello globale?<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Humans have a broad spectrum of emotions that govern their actions, and everyone has a bad day from time to time. Even Charles Darwin wrote to a friend once that he was “doing very poorly today, and very stupid, and hate[d] everyone and everything.”
Teachers, like most people, are also susceptible to the effects of stress, but most handle it professionally and move forward. Yet, in some instances, teachers don't manage stress appropriately and take it out on their students. A bad day for a professor may manifest as excessive irritation or anger, affecting their better judgment.
Some professors may develop implicit biases against students unconsciously as a byproduct of their stress and anger. Unbeknownst to a student, even being in the wrong place at the wrong time can mean suspension, even if the student did not commit a serious offense.
More Pressure, More Bias
Although most people would like to think that educators are always fair, it is mostly emotion, not logic, that governs human behavior. Research shows a direct correlation between high teacher stress levels and an increased risk of student suspension. If you are the student, that suspension factors into your permanent record and may affect your education.
Educators are under a considerable amount of pressure to perform, and burnout is the main reason why they quit their jobs. When an educator is having a rough day, taking it out on the students may not be their intention, but it still happens without them noticing. In their wake, they leave their students wondering what they did wrong and not understanding how to defend themselves.
How Overburdened Teachers Affect Students
Overburdened educators change their behavior in obvious and subtle ways within the classroom (even the digital one). Some of the ways that they unfairly target students is by:
- Consciously or unconsciously stereotyping students
- Increasing their negative feedback
- Taking harsh disciplinary measures against minimally disruptive behavior
- Having less tolerance for genuine mistakes
- Promoting a tense and hostile learning environment
No student is immune to the adverse effects of an educator who is having a bad day. One example of how a professor can harm a student is by accusing them of fraud or cheating if they received an unexpected good grade on a test or essay.
Defending Yourself Against an Educator
If you are innocent of a charge that a disgruntled professor brings against you, the odds are not in your favor. Unless you have a solid track record, evidence, and impeccable behavior, it can be challenging to defend yourself against a college panel.
Attorney-advisor Joseph D. Lento knows how intimidating it can be to face a panel when it's your word against a professor. When you work with Advisor Lento, you're getting the advice and legal expertise of a professional who specializes in defending students against complicated cases involving their professors.
The Lento Law Firm helps you prove your innocence by building a robust defense strategy and gathering the right evidence to present to your panel. You don't have to face the consequences of a professor's bad day and short temper. Call Lento Law Firm today to discuss your options at (888) 535-3686.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>停车区
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Xihe Liuhua是3星级酒店，距大鉴禅寺，韶关森林公园及海豚水上世界仅1.6千米。
韶关市中心距离 酒店2公里。 风采楼正好位于距离酒店只有1500米的位置。
在酒店可以享用中国菜肴。
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138 Xin Hua North Road Shaoguan ,
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点击酒店 到酒店主页。
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与我们分享您的经验。<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>该LED箭头指示垫采用的LED的使用寿命为100000小时（相当于10年）。LED的发光效率高，采用两个可以替换的AA电池驱动，连续使用时间可以达到48小时。（购买时电池不包含在内）采用这款指示垫作为作为安全照明指示将是一个可靠的选择，除了作为安全指示它还可以被用作警示灯，路面绕道导航灯和路边应急照明等。
这些LED箭头指示垫配置了8个磁铁，使得它们能够很容易的安装在金属表面上。长度为35英寸，高为19.3英寸。采用的制作材料为柔软的尼龙材料。每个指示垫上带有4个具备反射性的箭头，每个箭头采用了9个LED，使用的LED总数为36个，总亮度为4000~5000尺烛光。
LED的固态设计给LED以优越的抗撞击，抗震动和能够频繁启动的性能。LED的平均使用寿命可以达到100000小时以上（相当于11年），是普通灯具的20倍以上，而且运行稳定，无须保养。运行所节约的保养成本完全可以弥补原始投资。LED几乎不发热，消耗的功率仅为传统灯具的10% - 20%，这也使得它们更加环保，符合用户的照明预算。
LEDtronics公司成立于1983年，是一家领先的集LED设计，生产和封装于一体的大型企业，公司的产品满足了世界市场不断变化的照明需求。提供的产品系列包括各种可以直接替代白炽灯具的LED，低成本吸入式可替换的面板安装LED，高亮度LED，PCB LED电路板状态指示灯，表面安装SMT LED，全光谱彩虹三基色LED和红外光LED。<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>1963年陈中伟、钱允庆等在世界医学史上首先报告一例右腕上2.5cm完全离断肢体再植成功，该患者康复治疗后右手功能恢复良好。Malt和Mckhann 1964年也报告了他们在1962年5月对一例12岁男孩上臂部再植成活。1965年Kleinert手指血管吻合成功，同年Harry Buncke成功地进行了兔耳再植和猴拇再植的实验研究。1967年，陈中伟、Komatsa、Tamai等相继报告断指再植成功。断肢再植成功的经验表明，人体部分组织和器官离断后，在一定条件下利用显微外科技术重建其血供从而使它回归机体，这是一个重要的医学概念突破。自从1963年我国第一例断肢再植成功以来已近40年，我国在断肢(指)再植领域始终保持着世界先进水平。<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>داده های برگزار شده توسط شرکت ها و دولت ها برای دسترسی به محققان دشوار است.
در ماه مه 2014، آژانس امنیت ملی ایالات متحده یک مرکز داده در روستای یوتا با یک نام ناخوشایند، مرکز اطلاعات جامع ملی امنیت سایبری جامعه اطلاعاتی را باز کرد. با این حال، این مرکز داده، که به عنوان مرکز داده یوتا شناخته می شود، گزارش شده است که توانایی های شگفت انگیزی دارد. یک گزارش ادعا می کند که می تواند تمام اشکال ارتباطی را ذخیره و پردازش کند، از جمله "محتوای کامل ایمیل های خصوصی، تماس های تلفنی و جستجوهای Google، و همچنین انواع مسیرهای اطلاعات شخصی - هزینه های پارکینگ، برنامه های سفر، خرید کتابفروشی ، و دیگر بستر جیب دیجیتال دیجیتال (Bamford 2012) . علاوه بر بالا بردن نگرانی در مورد ماهیت حساس بسیاری از اطلاعات گرفته شده در داده های بزرگ، که در زیر شرح داده شده است، مرکز داده یوتا نمونه ای شدید از یک منبع داده غنی است که دسترسی به محققان غیرممکن است. به طور کلی، بسیاری از منابع داده های بزرگ که مفید می باشند، توسط دولت ها کنترل و محدود می شوند (مانند داده های مالیاتی و داده های آموزشی) یا شرکت ها (به عنوان مثال، پرس و جو به موتورهای جستجو و متا داده های تماس تلفنی). بنابراین، هر چند این منابع داده وجود دارد، آنها برای اهداف تحقیق اجتماعی بی فایده هستند، زیرا
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این مصوبه، بیان داشت:
بر اساس تحلیل های متعارف اقتصادی مدیریت عرضه و تقاضا مهمترین ابزار برای تعیین قیمت است یعنی برای هرکاری بهتر است از ابزارهایی که برای مدیریت در اختیارمان هست استفاده کنیم.
یکی از مهمترین ابزارهای مدیریت عرضه و تقاضا، ابزارهای مالیاتی هستند که یکی ار آن ها معافیت مالیاتی است.
در واقع موقعی که برای ورود ارز به کشور، معافیت قائل می شویم، موجب تشویق کسانی می شویم که این کار را انجام می دهند.
موقعی که ورود ارز تسهیل شود شرایط برای افزایش ارز در داخل بیشتر است و این افزایش ارز از سمتی می تواند حتی کاهش قیمت ارز را به دنبال داشته باشد و در بدبینانه ترین حالت افزایش قیمت ارز با نرخ فعلی را کمی سختتر می کند.
*** افزایش سرمایهگذاری با اجرای معافیت مالیاتی ارز وارداتی
وی در ادامه با بیان اینکه تاثیر اجرای این امر به سایر عوامل نیز بستگی دارد، افزود:
این معافیت مالیاتی به شدت می تواند سرمایهگذاری را افزایش دهد از این جهت که منشأ ارز هم واکاوی نمی شود.
میزان مجاز برای ورود ارز به کشور نیاز به یک مدلسازی و اطلاعات پایه دارد.
*** ضرورت همکاری گمرک با سازمان امور مالیاتی
به گزارش صنایع، رییس مرکز آموزش و پژوهش سازمان امور مالیاتی در پایان، تاکید کرد:
اگر گمرک شرایط را برای ثبت میزان ارز محیا کند عملا هیچ مشکلی برای ادامه کار حداقل از جهت امور مالیاتی نداریم.
نکته:
در پایان، میتوانید ویدئو گفتگو رئیس مرکز آموزش و پژوهش سازمان مالیاتی با رسانه ملی را مشاهده نمایید:
انتهای پیام///<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>How Ocean Science Saves Money by Hitching a Ride
Posted: March 13, 2013 | By: Jessica Morrison [Boing Boing]
Science funding in the U.S. fluctuates with the whims of Congress, and losing research dollars can mean shuttering a lab for good. So clever ocean scientists have found ways to save money (and time) by outsourcing basic data collection to commercial ships and recreational boats.
Notably, a group of Japanese researchers used these ships, known as Ships of Opportunity, to scour the Pacific Ocean for traces of radioactivity after the March 2011 accidents at Fukushima Dai-Ichi.
Avast! What exactly are these aptly named vessels of high-seas research lore?
“Ships of opportunity go back to basically as long as ships have been at sea,” said Carrie Wolfe, coordinator for NOAA’s Pacific Southwest Ships of Opportunity Program. For instance, 17th and 18th century European explorers collected information about the weather at sea and astronomical phenomena around the globe, , and they carried that valuable, difficult-to-obtain data back to scientists.
to read more.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>خرداد: دادگاهی در آمریکا با ادعای نقش داشتن ایران در انفجار رخ داده در برج های الخبر عربستان سعودی، ایران را به پرداخت غرامت محکوم کرد.
به گزارش خرداد به نقل از ایسنا، روزنامه آسوشیتدپرس گزارش داد که طبق گفته شرکت حقوقی MM~LAW LLC، یک دادگاه فدرال در آمریکا با ادعای این که حامیان ایران در حمله انجام شده به برج های خبر(khobar) در عربستان سعودی در سال ۱۹۹۶ در الظهران عربستان سعودی که نظامیان آمریکایی در آنجا استقرار داشتند، نقش داشته داشته اند، ایران را به پرداخت ۸۷۹ میلیون دلار محکوم کرد.
این دادگاه آمریکایی مدعی شده است که برخی حامیان ایران با هدایت و حمایت حزب الله لبنان بمبی ۵هزار پوندی را درون برج های خبر منفجر و باعث کشته شدن ۱۹ تن از نظامیان نیروی هوایی آمریکا و مجروح شدن بیش از ۴۰۰ تن شدند.
بر اساس این گزارش، ادعای این دادگاه در حالی مطرح می شود که هیچ مدرکی که نشان دهد ایران در این انفجار نقش داشته است، ارائه نشده است.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>In the monastery of Heidenheim in the diocese of Eichstätt, Germany, St. Walburga, Virgin. She was the daughter of St. Richard, King of the English, and sister of St. Willibald, Bishop of Eichstätt – Roman Martyrology for February 25
Most images of St. Walburga are like the one at right – with a crozier, Benedictine habit, flask or cruet, book, and sometimes a crown. The crozier and habit refer to her role as abbess of a monastery in Heidenhamm, Germany, in the 8th century. The crown refers to her father, Richard the Pilgrim, one of the kings then ruling in England.
The flask or cruet is often placed atop the book. It refers to a remarkable phenomenon at Walburga's tomb in Eichstätt. According to an account by the Bishop of Eichstätt in the early 14th century, a miraculous oil flowed from her body that cured the illnesses of countless pilgrims.1 The more sober-sided Catholic Encyclopedia of 1917 says that the oil has flowed "from that day to this," that it is "probably due to natural causes," and that "the fact that it came in contact with the relics of the saint justifies the practice of using it as a remedy."2
The book is a common attribute for abbesses, but in Walburga's case it may have the additional function of referring to her erudition. Butler (315) says she was "said to have studied and practiced medicine," although I did not find any such claim in her hagiographies. These are replete with stories of cures she effected by prayer rather than medical intervention. She did write two books on the life of her brother, St. Willibald, and in one image, a 12th-century German antependium, a hanging for the front of an altar she is actually reading the book in her hand and is about to turn the page.3
In the earliest known image of Walburga (second picture at right) there is no book or flask and her attribute is a sheaf of wheat. This association with corn Not the American term for maize but the British word for grains in general arises from the coincidence that the eve of one of her feast days, May 1, was once the occasion for pagan celebrations of the coming of spring and the emergence of corn.4 These rites are referred to in Goethe's Faust, where the witches celebrate the night before May 1 as Walpurgisnacht, "Walburga's night":
Now to the Brocken the witches ride;
As late as the 14th century, a window in Regensburg Cathedral has a panel in which St. Walburga holds a sheaf of green wheat instead of the usual book, flask, and crozier.
There are few narrative images of Walburga. Perhaps the most notable is the Rubens painting of the saint praying during a storm at sea. According to Philip of Eichstätt's 14th-century vita the devil raised a violent storm in the English Channel as Walburga and her brothers were starting on a pilgrimage. She prostrated herself and prayed for divine assistance, and immediately the storm subsided. (However, an 8th-century work by an associate of Walburga's brother says the ship was "happily favoured by winds" all the way to Rouen.5)
Prepared in 2018 by Richard Stracke, Emeritus Professor of English, Augusta University.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>مجلس ایران به صالحی امیری رأی اعتماد نداد
مجلس ایران به رضا صالحی امیری، وزیر پیشنهادی وزارت ورزش و جوانان رأی اعتماد نداد، اما علی اصغر فانی و رضا فرجی دانا برای وزارتخانه های آموزش و پرورش و علوم رأی اعتماد گرفتند.
به گزارش خبرگزاری خانه ملت، در جلسه امروز مجلس آقای صالحی امیری ۱۰۷ رای موافق، ۱۴۱ رای مخالف و ۱۳ رای ممتنع گرفت. این در حالی است که آقای فانی ۱۸۵ رای مثبت، ۵۳ رای منفی و ۲۴ رای ممتنع به دست آورد و تعداد آرای مثبت، منفق و ممتنع آقای فرجی دانا نیز، به ترتیب ۱۵۹، ۷۰ و ۳۲ بود.
در پی رای نیاوردن رضا صالحی امیری، محمدحسن فرهنگی عضو هیات رئیسه مجلس گفت که چهارشنبه هفته جاری مهلت سه ماهه تعیین شده در قانون برای سرپرستی وزاتخانه های بدون وزیر پایان می یابد.
وی افزود: "نظر شورای نگهبان هم این است که مهلت سه ماهه سرپرستی برای یک بار است، بنابراین هفته جاری آخرین زمان دولت برای معرفی وزیر پیشنهادی وزرش و جوانان است."
الیاس نادران، نماینده مجلس ایران در جلسه رأی اعتماد به سه وزیر پیشنهادی دولت حسن روحانی، در حملهای کم سابقه به رضا صالحی امیری، وزیر پیشنهادی ورزش و جوانان، او را به دریافت رشوه، صدور دستور شکنجه، دست داشتن در قاچاق و نقش داشتن در اعتراضات انتخاباتی سال ۱۳۸۸ متهم کرد. اتهاماتی که توسط وزیر پیشنهادی ورزش تکذیب شدند.
اقای نادران در جلسه عصر امروز یکشنبه ۵ آبان (۲۷ اکتبر) مجلس ایران گفت که آقای صالحی امیری از متهمان پرونده فساد مالی در شرکت بیمه ایران است و به گفته یکی از متهمان این پرونده، ۳۰۰ میلیون تومان رشوه گرفته و در سال ۱۳۸۹ برای او حکم جلب صادر شده است.
آقای نادران همچنین گفت که در زمانی که آقای صالحی امیری مدیرکل وزارت اطلاعات در خوزستان بوده است، به دستور او تعدادی از "رزمندگان با گرایش چپ" را بدون دلیل به اتهام دست داشتن در انفجار لوله های گاز دستگیر و چنان با آنها بدرفتاری می کنند که یکی از آنها خودکشی می کند.
به گفته آقای نادران، دفتر بازرسی بیت آیت الله خامنه ای، رهبر ایران از موضوع مطلع شد و پس از بررسی دستور داد که آقای صالحی امیری توبیخ شود، از متهمان اعاده حیثیت شود و آقای صالحی امیری رضایت متهمان را جلب کند.
آقای نادران همچنین گفت که آقای صالحی امیری در زمان تصدی اداره کل اطلاعات خوزستان، به همراه تعدادی از دوستانش در قاچاق نقش داشته است و این امر به تأیید جانشین او رسیده است.
نماینده تهران در مجلس گفت که آقای صالحی امیری در جریان اعتراضات انتخاباتی سال ۱۳۸۸ با معترضان همکاری کرده، اما بعدا گفته است که "از طرف نظام مأموریت داشتم و گزارش می دادم".
آقای نادران گفت که آقای صالحی امیری مدام تغییر موضع سیاسی داده است.
پاسخ صالحی امیری
رضا صالحی امیری، وزیر پیشنهادی ورزش و جوانان در پاسخ به اتهامات آقای نادران گفت که از ابتدای انقلاب در خدمت حکومت اسلامی و ولایت فقیه بوده است.
او گفت که سینه اش پر از "اسرار نظام" است و اگر بنا به "پرده دری" باشد، خیلی حرف ها برای گفتن دارد، اما بنا ندارد کسی را تخریب کند.
آقای صالحی امیری گفت که در دوران حضور در وزارت اطلاعات هیچ فعالیت اقتصادی نداشته است و در دوران وزارت علی یونسی، به همراه او، در جمع کردن فعالیت اقتصادی از این وزارتخانه نقش داشت.
او گفت: "بنده روحم از قاچاق کالا و سوخت خبر نداشت و هر کس چنین تخلفی کرده باید مجازات شود."
آقای صالحی امیری گفت که در دوره تصدی اداره کل اطلاعات خوزستان "بیشترین خدمات" را کرده است و افزود که نمی تواند بگوید در مورد انفجار لوله های گاز "چه اتفاقی افتاد".
او با این حال تأکید کرد که "اگر یک کارمند من در شهرستان تخلفی کرده و توبیخ شده، من نباید بعد از بیست سال جواب بدهم."
آقای صالحی امیری گفت که پرونده تهیه شده توسط دفتر بازرسی رهبری به سازمان قضایی نیروهای مسلح رفته و در آنجا برای او قرار منع تعقیب صادر شده است.
وزیر پیشنهادی ورزش و جوانان اتهامات آقای نادران به خود در مورد نقش داشتن در پرونده بیمه ایران را هم "ناصحیح، ناصواب و تهمت" خواند و آن را تکذیب کرد.
ماجرای پخش تلویزیونی
مجلس ایران از صبح امروزجلسه رأی اعتماد به علی اصغر فانی، رضا فرجی دانا و رضا صالحی امیری، وزیران پیشنهادی "آموزش و پرورش"، "علوم و تحقیقات و فناوری" و "ورزش و جوانان" را آغاز کرد.
شبکه خبر تلویزیون ایران قرار بود این جلسه را مستقیما پخش کند، اما صبح امروز این تصمیم را تغییر داد.
مهدی کوچک زاده، نماینده مجلس ایران در اعتراض به عدم پخش جلسه از تلویزیون ایران، خطاب به رئیس مجلس گفت: "گویا آقای رئیس جمهور به شما فرموده بودند که صلاح نمیدانند این جلسه مستقیما پخش شود."
او دولت آقای روحانی را متهم کرد که در مواردی چون مذاکرات اتمی و جلسه رأی اعتماد، مردم را "نامحرم" میداند.
رئیس مجلس در پاسخ به آقای کوچک زاده، دخالت دولت و هیئت رئیسه مجلس را در عدم پخش مستقیم جلسه از تلویزیون تکذیب کرد.
محمدرضا صادق، مشاور رئیس جمهور هم گفت که "روز گذشته به مدیر شبکه خبر و رئیس سازمان صدا و سیما گفتیم که تقاضایی درباره پخش نداریم."
او گفت که عدم پخش مستقیم تلویزیونی این جلسه ظاهرا با نظر هیئت رئیسه مجلس بوده است، اما مدیرکل روابط عمومی مجلس این موضوع را که عدم پخش تلویزیونی جلسه به درخواست مجلس بوده است را با قاطعیت تکذیب کرد.
این جلسه مطابق معمول مذاکرات مجلس، به طور مستقیم از رادیو پخش میشود.
الیاس نادران، از نمایندگان اصولگرای مجلس چند روز پیش هشدار داده بود که اگر آقای صالحی امیری به عنوان وزیر ورزش و جوانان به مجلس معرفی شود، نمایندگان ناچار خواهند بود به "پرونده های او مربوط به دوران حضور در وزارت اطلاعات" اشاره کنند که "به مصلحت کشور نیست".
جواد کریمی قدوسی، عضو کمیسیون امنیت ملی مجلس هم گفته است که آقای صالحی امیری از متهمان پرونده "مفاسد اقتصادی در بیمه ایران" است.
به گفته بعضی از نمایندگان مجلس، امروز متنی مکتوب بین نمایندگان توزیع شده که بخش عمده آن به آقای صالحی امیری مربوط می شده و اتهاماتی علیه او در آن مطرح شده است.
آقای روحانی در سخنان خود در جلسه صبح گفت که دولت به دنبال "حاشیه پردازی" نیست و از نمایندگان مجلس خواست که از این سیاست حمایت کنند.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Its construction is the most advanced among the South American country’s three new mega observatories and it is expected to start operating in 2020.
Towering on the Cerro Pachón ridge, close to the well-known Cerro Tololo telescope, a giant bursts among the hills surrounding the Elqui valley, about 500 kilometers from Santiago. This is the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST), or large mapping telescope, being built in Chile through an international collaboration led by the United States.
The main building is almost finished while construction of the dome will be complete in a few weeks. In the middle of next month the telescope’s vacuum tank will arrive, an instrument that is used to coat the mirrors with a thin layer of aluminum, making the surface reflective.
It will have to be transported to the LSST site at night to minimize its impact on the roads, which will take about five days. With its nine-meter width, it is an engineering challenge. “The road to the hill will have to be widened a little to be able to take it up,” says Leonor Opazo, responsible for Education and Diffusion at Cerro Tololo.
Once installed, the next step will be to bring the mounts for the mirrors from Spain, where they are already ready. This will take place in the first half of next year, he says. Then the mirrors will be delivered from Arizona, United States.
If installation goes at the planned pace, the 8.2-meter mirror will be able to make its first observations around 2020.
When it is fully operational, the telescope will be able to map the complete sky every four days with a 3.2 gigapixel digital camera, providing an unprecedented volume of information which will be available on the internet at almost real time.
The other giant already in full construction is the European Southern Observatory’s (ESO) Extra Large Telescope or Extremely Large Telescope (ELT). Once complete, it will the world’s largest telescope with a 39-meter segmented mirror.
The structure began to be built last year atop Cerro Armazones, south of Antofagasta and next to Cerro Paranal.
"The excavation for the foundations is 80% complete," says Jimmy Arancibia, an engineer in charge of construction. He estimates this will be finished by the end of this year.
Throughout 2019 the concrete wall will be built, reaching a height of 12 meters, and then the metal dome will be installed; an Italian company is in charge of its design and construction. That will take approximately another year.
While civil works advance in Chile, the 798 hexagonal segments that will make up the main mirror are being manufactured in the installations of the company Schott in Mainz, Germany. Each piece is 1.4 meters wide and 5 centimeters thick. It will be delivered at the beginning of the next decade.
The third colossus is the Giant Magellan Telescope (GMTO) that is being built by an international consortium, led by the Carnegie Institution for Science, on Cerro Las Campanas on the border of Atacama and Coquimbo regions. Last August, excavation of the rock began for the foundations and the concrete structure, which should be complete at the beginning of next year.
The instrument is also being developed. “As a whole, the project is 40-45% complete; five of its seven 8.5-meter mirrors are in different stages of manufacture, the designs of the frame that will support the mirrors is very advanced and by the end of this year the company that will build it will be selected,” says astronomer Miguel Roth, GMTO representative in Chile.
It is estimated that this telescope could make its first observations between 2023 and 2024. And if it finishes before the ELT, it will temporarily hold the title of the world’s largest telescope.
Would you like to know more about Chile’s contribution to world astronomy? Read this article.
Source: El Mercurio<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Madrid. Günümüz. Raimunda sıkı çalışan genç ve güzel bir annedir. Kocası işsizdir, ergenlik çağında bir kızı vardır. Ailenin mali
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two musical styles that birthed the new, purely American musical genres of ragtime, the blues, and jazz. These styles, combining the classical harmonies of Europe with the melodic complexities of Africa, would not have been possible had these two peoples not been so suddenly and haphazardly thrust together.
These are only the most notable examples of our melting pot at work. America’s musical voice also owes influence to, among others, the Orient, South & Central America, and the numerous Native American tribes who first called this continent home. All of their contributions to our musical culture are betrayed by an anthem that only celebrates an English heritage.
But that musical diversity has been reflected in the works of America’s best and brightest.
But that musical diversity has been reflected in the works of America’s best and brightest.
The mid-1800s saw the rise of perhaps America’s greatest songwriter Stephen Foster, who was responsible for the internationally recognized tunes “Oh! Susanna,” “Camptown Races,” and “My Old Kentucky Home;” these are some of the first identifiably American works to enter the public consciousness. In the late 1800s, the two wholly American genres of ragtime and jazz were taking the nation by storm, largely thanks to the pioneering music of Scott Joplin and James Reese Europe, and were among the first to catch the attention and admiration of the international music community. And by the early 20th century, composers like Charles Ives, John Philip Sousa, George Gershwin, Aaron Copland, and Duke Ellington had irrevocably solidified the United States’ reputation as not just a distinctly national musical voice, but as a leading figure in the classical music world—one that attracted the likes of Gustav Mahler, Béla Bartók, and Igor Stravinsky to our shores.
Therefor, given this voluminous and rich musical history, it seems a national embarrassment that we should continue to sing the words of a contentious anti-abolitionist set to the notes of an English pub tune.
Really, the only strong defense that can be mounted for “The Star-Spangled Banner” is one of nostalgia: nostalgia for every military event, every 4th of July celebration, and every child’s baseball game at which it has been played. It no doubt sits deep in the heart of every self-described patriot born on our soil. But this kind of ankle-deep patriotism, despite being a force to be reckoned with, has never been particularly based on reason. If it were, perhaps more would see that our national anthem betrays one of America’s biggest artistic accomplishments.
So I’ll continue to be a good sport and stand with my hand over my heart whenever it’s performed, but that won’t stop me from rolling my eyes at its ostentatious musicality, wincing with each new hapless public rendition, or from silently asking myself, “Can’t we do better than this?” Because the answer is yes, yes we can. And we should.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>درود
قانون کپی دقیقا برای همین ایجاد شده که جلوی اینگونه فروش های غیر قانونی رو بگیره. تمامی محصولات خارجی که در ژاکت یا امسال این وب سایت ها به فروش می رسد ۱۰۰٪ غیر قانونی می باشد و بدون اجازه طراح و نویسنده این ابزار ها در حال انتشار (فروش) هست. جالب تر از همه اینه که تو ایران بعد از فروش آیتمی که از لحاظ قانونی مالکیتی بر روی اون ندارن، روش لایسنس هم میزارن تا کسای دیگه نتونن بیشتر از یکبار از این آیتم ها استفاده کنن.
برای اینکه لایسنس GPL رو بهتر درک کنید، در سایت خود Envato که در این باره توضیح داده که چگونه از این قانون آیتم های به فروش رسانده در شبکه خود رو لایسنس گذاری می کنن.
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قانون GPL که Envato در پی کار خود دارد
هیچ قانونی هیچ اجازه ای به هیچ شخصی نمی دهد که آیتم ها را بازسازی و به فروش برسانند. حتی اگر محصولات آن را ویرایش کنند، بازسازی کنند و یا تغییر در آن ایجاد کنند، هیچ اجازه ای برای فروش آن ندارند. قانون GPL که Envato اون رو دنبال می کنه، اجازه ویرایش و بازسازی رو به کاربر میده اما نه حق انتشار و فروش آن.
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در ضمن، شما تنها زمانی می تونید بگید که یه آیتم GPL لایسنس هست به شرطی که در صفحه محصول حتما مورد زیر رو ببینید:
اطلاعات بیشتر درباره نحوه GPL و انتخابی بودن آن توسط فروشنده:<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>仿真恐龙电动车详细参数：
|驱动方式||后轮无刷电动机直接驱动|
|电源供电||可选12V20Ah或12V32Ah天能或超威电池供电|
|标准配置||眼睛五彩闪烁、投币启动、遥控启动、两种速度可调、启动次数统计、单次运行时间可调、自定义背景音乐播放等|
|最大承载重量||最大承载重量约90公斤，一个成人和一个儿童可同时乘坐|
|转弯结构||
两种转弯结构，一种为颈部随转弯一起转动，另一种为把手转弯时颈部不动，仅前轮转动，用户可根据实际情况选择
扩展阅读：
1795年，一支法国军队包围了荷兰一座小镇附近的建筑物，一位将军望着这座房子，心里七上八下。其实，法国人一顿炮火就可以炸平它。但是，他却要保住这座房子。原来，这座房子里藏着一件无价之宝，法国将军准备把它献给法兰西共和国。
这件宝物不是别的，原来是一件巨大的下颌骨化石，上面长满了短剑般的牙齿，可怕极了，没有人知道这是什么动物的骨头，但整个欧洲都知道它。这件长一米半的大骨头，变成了你争我夺的无价之宝。
后来，这块骨头作为战利品，运到了巴黎，年轻的古生物学家居维叶，开始研究这块化石。他把骨头与大象对比，觉得差别很大。但和一种生活在热带的巨蜥相似。居维叶认为，越古老的动物，与今天的动物越不•一样，因此，这块化石，很可能属于遥远过去的一•种爬行动物的颌骨。这时候，一位名叫科尼贝尔的牧师，给这种动物起了个名字，“沧龙”。而另一位牧师推测，这居维•叶是一名虔诚的基督徒，相信上帝创世和圣经上“摩西洪水”的说法，因此，他虽然看出了动物的古老性，但无法解释它们的来龙去脉。<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Drug overdose deaths may peak in 2017, experts at Columbia University predict.
By 2034 the overdose rate could fall back to rates last seen in the early 1980s, they say.
The experts predict the projected drug overdose death rate will peak in 2017 at 16.1 deaths per 100,000 population, The Wall Street Journal reports.
They note that from 1980–2011, annual drug overdose deaths increased from 2.7 to 13.2 deaths per 100,000 population. In 2035, the death rate would reach 1.9 deaths per 100,000 population, the researchers write in Injury Epidemiology.
The Columbia professors made the predictions based on a theory called Farr's Law, which states that an epidemic usually follows a symmetrical curve that rises before subsiding. The curve has been applied to mapping the AIDS epidemic, smallpox outbreaks and cattle disease, with mixed results, the authors say.
They note that when access to prescription medication becomes more difficult with enforcement of prescription drug monitoring programs, there is a danger that people will shift to alternative substances such as heroin. "To avoid this substitution effect would require multifaceted interventions such as the expansion of prescription limits, increased drug screening, requiring pain contracts, and the distribution of naloxone to first responders," they wrote.
If the overdose epidemic does decrease as they predict, it will add to evidence that efforts such as enhanced prescription drug monitoring are working and should be continued, they noted.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Article by John Miller
What is a Neck Sprain?
Neck sprain or its aliases: neck spasms, neck muscle strain or simply neck muscle pain, is very common.
In fact, neck sprain is the probably the most common source of neck pain. The good news is, that it is also one of the quickest neck problems to heal and rehabilitate.
What Causes Neck Sprain?
Most causes of neck sprain are muscle, ligament or joint related. Commonly, these neck injuries are caused by neck muscular strains, ligament sprains and/or neck joint dysfunction, particularly when pain arises suddenly during or following physical loading of your neck. Muscle fatigue (poor posture sitting or sleeping eg wry neck), excessive loads (lifting heavy items), or high-speed injuries (eg whiplash, concussions) are the most common causes.
The causes of neck pain are numerous but roughly fall into the following categories.
Neck Muscle Strain
Neck muscle pain is the most common source of neck pain. Muscle fatigue, excessive loads or poor lifting or sitting postures are the most common problems.
Inefficient, weak, or neck muscles that lack endurance can lead to poor neck joint stabilisation and subsequent injury to your neck muscles, ligaments, joints or even spinal discs.
Poor posture when sitting, standing and lifting at work, can place unnecessary stress upon your neck and spine. With muscle fatigue or overstretching, your ligaments and discs can stretch and this places spinal joint muscles and nerves under pain-causing pressure or strain, that results in neck or back pain.
Neck Ligament Sprains
Ligaments are the strong fibrous bands that limit the amount of movement at available at each spinal level. Stretching ligaments too far or too quickly will tear them with subsequent bleeding into the surrounding tissues, causing swelling, muscular spasm and pain.
Awkward lifting, sports injuries (concussion or collisions) and motor vehicle accidents (whiplash) are very common causes. Just as in other regions of the body, physiotherapy hastens ligament healing and relieves pain so that you can enjoy life again as soon as possible.
What are Symptoms of Neck Sprain?
Neck muscle pain symptoms may range from a mild ache, stiff neck, neck spasms, muscle knots to sudden debilitating neck pain or even shoulder and shoulder blade pain.
Typical neck sprain symptoms include:
You will usually feel better when resting or supporting your neck, and may find that a change of neck position painful eg look down, up or sideways, rolling in bed, lift your head or quick neck movements.
Warning Signs of a More Serious Neck Injury?
In these instances, or you have constant and severe neck pain, you may have a more severe injury such as a disc bulge or pinched nerve in your neck. These can affect your upper limb and lower limb function. Very severe cases can even affect your bodily function such as your bladder or bowel control. If this is the case, please urgently consult your nearest hospital, doctor or physiotherapist.
How is Neck Sprain Diagnosed?
Differentiating a neck muscle strain from a ligament sprain can be difficult, as both injuries will show similar symptoms. However, an experienced healthcare practitioner such as a musculoskeletal physiotherapist is highly trained to specifically assess your muscles, ligaments, joints, discs and any potential nerve compromise. Please seek their professional opinion since neck treatments can vary considerably depending on your diagnosis.
What about Investigative Studies?
X-rays do not identify muscle or ligament injury but will identify arthritic changes and bone injuries such as fractures. MRI scan is probably the thorough diagnostic test to specifically identify disc, bone, muscle or ligament structures are injured and to what extent. CT scans are also very good. However, they are static images and do not identify locked joints or hypermobile joints without ligament rupture.
What is Neck Sprain Treatment?
Seek a Professional Diagnosis!
All neck pain sufferers should be thoroughly examined by a spinal health practitioner eg physiotherapist. Neck pain is designed to notify you to protect your neck injury and resolution of your pain may not restore you to normal neck joint range, muscle length and strength to prevent a future recurrence. Your physiotherapist has some nifty tricks for quickly relieving your neck sprain pain so that you can enjoy life again as soon as possible.
Neck Sprain Treatment Aims
PHASE I - Pain Relief & Protection
Managing your neck pain is the main reason that you seek treatment for neck sprain. In truth, the pain was actually the final symptom that you developed and should be the first symptom to improve.
Your physiotherapist will use an array of treatment tools to protect your neck sprain and reduce your pain and inflammation. These may include ice, electrotherapy eg tens, acupuncture, taping techniques, soft tissue massage, back braces, dry needling etc. Your doctor may also recommend a course of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as ibuprofen.
PHASE II - Restoring Normal ROM, Strength
As your neck pain and inflammation settle, your physiotherapist will turn their attention to restoring your normal neck motion, muscle lengths and resting muscle tension, muscle strength and endurance, proprioception and joint position sense.
Your physiotherapist will commence you on a neck muscle stability program to facilitate your important muscles that dynamically control and stabilise your neck. Your physiotherapist will assess your muscle recruitment pattern and prescribe the best exercises for you specific to your needs.
PHASE III - Restoring Full Function
Depending on your chosen sport, work or activities of daily living, your physiotherapist will aim to restore your function to safely allow you to return to your desired activities. Everyone has different demands for their necks that will determine what specific treatment goals you need to achieve. Your physiotherapist will tailor your rehabilitation to help you achieve your own functional goals.
PHASE IV - Preventing a Neck Pain Recurrence
Recurrence of neck pain can and does regularly occur. The main reason it is thought to recur is due to insufficient rehabilitation. In particular, poor deep neck flexor muscle exercises have been shown to render your neck more vulnerable to instability and therefore re-injury.
To prevent a recurrence, you should continue a regular series of these exercises a few times per week. Think of your exercises as your anti-neck pain pill! Your physiotherapist will assist you in identifying the best exercises for you.
Neck Pain Treatment Options
There are many treatment options that your Physiotherapist will discuss with you in the treatment of your pain. Treatment varies based on the source of your individual symptoms.
Acupuncture or Dry Needling
Acupuncture has been an effective source of pain relief for over 5000 years. While we do not fully understand how it works, acupuncture can assist your neck pain relief. Ask your physiotherapist for advice as most of our PhysioWorks physiotherapists have acupuncture training. More info: Acupuncture
Massage always feels wonderful, plus it has wonderful muscle relaxation benefits. Neck massage is particularly useful when muscle spasm or chronic muscle tension is present. Regular remedial massage is also a very handy low back pain prevention strategy. More info: Massage
TENS machines are an electronic pain relieving device that will reduce your neck pain and your need for pain relieving drugs. More info: Tens Machine
Common Neck Pain Treatments
What Recovery Can You Expect?
Neck pain has many causes and EARLY diagnosis and treatment is the best way to recover quickly.
Simple neck muscle pain can usually improve within a week or two of injury if you manage your injury properly. However, muscular pain or spasm lasting more than a few days is normally protective spasm overlying a more significant neck injury, which should be professionally investigated. It may not be just a simple neck muscle strain!
Most sufferers of neck pain will recover within 4 to 6 weeks. However, this time can vary greatly as it depends on both the nature of your injury and the treatment plan that you develop with your physiotherapist.
How Can You Prevent Recurring Neck Pain?
If you have suffered neck pain in the past, you are unfortunately more likely to suffer in the future and worsening bouts. The most common cause of recurrent neck pain is insufficient rehabilitation.
Follow the advice of your physiotherapist, who will establish a treatment plan to help you achieve your short-term goals and help prevent a recurrence.
While there are no guarantees, it is well known that active individuals who exercise and adopt safe lifting and postures at home and at work are at a reduced risk of developing neck pain.
Discuss with your physiotherapist the specific postures and activities that you perform on a daily basis. They will aim to help you to understand how to position yourself and move with the lowest risk of injury based on your injury type and potential weaknesses.
FAQs about Neck Muscle Strains & Ligament Sprains
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Enter Details Below to Signup:<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>نهاد آمریکاییِ «پیشگیری از خودکشی وابسته به پنتاگون» در تازهترین آمار اعلامی خود، شمار خودکشی میان نظامیان آمریکایی در سال ۲۰۲۱ را در ۸۳ سال گذشته بیسابقه دانسته و گفت که این آمار به بالاترین حد پس از جنگ جهانی دوم رسیده است.
همچنین این آمار نشان میدهد که آمار کل خودکشیها در میان نظامیان آمریکا در ۲۰ سال گذشته بالاترین میزان خود بوده است، ارتش آمریکا در سال ۲۰۲۱ میزان خودکشی را ۱۷۶ مورد میان نظامیان آمریکا تأیید کرد، در سال ۲۰۲۰ این میزان ۱۷۴ مورد بود و در سال ۲۰۱۹ نیز ۱۴۵ نفر با خودکشی جان خود را از دست دادند.
از طرفی کل میزان خودکشی در سال ۲۰۲۱، نشان دهنده مرگ ۳۶.۱۷ نفر از هر ۱۰۰ هزار نظامی بود، پژوهشی که مجله انجمن پزشکی آمریکا آن را منتشر کرد این آمار را بالاترین از سال ۱۹۳۸ (آغاز جنگ جهانی دوم) دانسته است.
همچنین بخش ذخیره و شاهد گارد ملی آمریکا ۴۵ خودکشی را در سال ۲۰۲۱ تأیید کرد و ۱۰۱ مورد خودکشی هم در گارد ملی گزارش شده است، که نسبت به سال پیشین آن اندکی کاهش را نشان میدهد.
پروژه هزینه جنگ دانشگاه براون نیز میگوید در ۲۱ سال گذشته ۳۰ هزار و ۱۷۷ سرباز آمریکایی خودکشی کردهاند. در سال ۲۰۲۰ نیز
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scrive che uno di questi, Abel Tasman, il marinaio olandese che avrebbe poi dato il suo nome alla Tasmania, nel 1644 riferisce di aver rilevato “fuoco e fumi lungo tutta la costa (australiana)”. Un’incisione di C.A. Lesueur del 1802 illustra un’analoga visione delle coste della Tasmania. Essa è riprodotta dall’etnografo R. Jones, il quale meticolosamente documenta che gli aborigeni ancora oggi incendiano la boscaglia durante la stagione secca. In tal modo vengono eliminate tutta la vegetazione non resistente al fuoco e le spoglie morte come cortecce e rami, mentre gli alberi, gli eucalipti, si abbrustoliscono soltanto. Infatti questi subito dopo, e più efficacemente durante la stagione delle piogge, emettono nuove foglie e germogli. Analogamente, poiché l’incendio divampa rapidamente e in breve tempo si estingue, i semi delle erbe annuali sfuggono alla combustione e le radici di quelle poliennali non vengono danneggiate, cosicché, dopo le piogge, come gli eucalipti, rigermogliano, mentre i semi delle erbe annuali germinano: tra queste, anche quelle dotate di foglie commestibili, tenere, di gusto gradevole, che noi chiamiamo insalate. Con il passare del tempo si sono formati anche estesi pascoli in cui predominano le Poacee e proliferano gli animali erbivori, i canguri in particolare. È presumibile che tali radure si siano costituite anche dove la vegetazione originaria non era composta da piante adattate al fuoco, per esempio quella in cui predominava il sottogenere Nothofagus. Quindi gli aborigeni, dopo le piogge, su queste aree in cui, dopo l’incendio, si sviluppava una florida vegetazione, molto appetibile anche per la selvaggina erbivora, potevano cacciare e catturare animali, con facilità e in abbondanza. Sia R. Jones sia S. Hallam ritengono che questa simbiosi tra uomo, erba, eucalipti e canguri, basata sugli incendi periodici, risalga ad almeno trentamila anni fa; epoca che secondo Vittorio Maconi, oltre ai succitati autori, le datazioni al radiocarbonio indicano come quella dell’arrivo dell’uomo in Australia. Non bisogna concludere che detta simbiosi sia frutto di una geniale trovata delle prime genti immigrate: senza dubbio, a parte la presenza umana, essa era già in parte preesistente in quel subcontinente, come sottolinea un altro paleontologo, il Goudsblom, per la presenza degli incendi spontanei, provocati dai fulmini o dall’autocombustione. L’uomo non ha fatto altro che inserirsi in questa situazione, potenziando e accentuando, e poi riproducendo artificialmente, il processo naturale. Una realtà analoga a quella australiana si è verificata ovviamente, ha scritto il mio grande maestro J. Harlan, negli altipiani del Vicino Oriente, oltre che in America. I primi pionieri europei in questo continente trovarono nel New England un paesaggio a parco: alberi molto radi su prati pressoché privi di sottobosco, o addirittura praterie sterminate abitate da mandrie di bufali; paesaggio dovuto alla pratica degli Indiani di appiccare il fuoco due volte all’anno, per aumentare la produzione non solo di insalate e altre erbe alimentari, ma anche del foraggio allo scopo di incrementare la popolazione bufalina. Dopotutto i moderni cowboys non fanno altro che continuare ad applicare questa tecnica di allevamento brado estensivo, sostituendo ai bisonti i bovini.
A questo punto possiamo trarre una prima fondamentale conclusione: il fuoco, da strumento naturale, spontaneo, di sviluppo dei vegetali, in particolare di quelli erbacei (insalate), è diventato strumento artificiale, cioè incendio provocato appositamente dall’uomo per ottenere i medesimi effetti. Chiamiamo questo modo antichissimo (è il più antico) di coltivazione ignicoltivazione o, più brevemente, ignicoltura (dal latino ignis, fuoco). La mancata omologazione della preistoria recente dei popoli prelitterati con quella dei popoli letterati ha sempre creato distinzioni parzialmente false e generato una scarsa chiarezza concettuale, in particolare a proposito dell’origine ed evoluzione della coltivazione. È il caso, per esempio, della distinzione tra il semplice bruciare e il bruciare seguito dal seminare; sono entrambe operazioni d’ignicoltura, e quindi di coltivazione con il fuoco, ma la prima consiste semplicemente nel dare fuoco a una determinata area di bosco o boscaglia, al fine di produrre insalate, che crescono poi spontaneamente, per l’uomo e foraggio per gli animali erbivori. L’equivalente francese è il termine brûlis, mentre in italiano la pratica dovrebbe corrispondere grosso modo all’abbruciare (e quindi, con l’aggettivo sostantivato, ad [area] abbruciata) del classico dizionario agricolo cinqucentesco di Camillo Tarello, da lui intitolato Ricordo di agricoltura (Venezia, 1567). Invece, nel secondo tipo di coltivazione, innanzitutto il bruciare è accompagnato spesso dal taglio della vegetazione arborea, per una sua più completa eliminazione. Per usare termini tecnici internazionali, si tratta del generico swiddening, detto anche, con maggior precisione, slash and burn, ossia “taglia e brucia”: due operazioni cui segue la semina, preceduta da una lavorazione almeno rudimentale per omogeneizzare il suolo, effettuata con erpici. Distinzione profondissima e netta, non solo sul piano tecnologico (la prima si limita a incendiare, la seconda aggiunge il seminare), ma soprattutto temporale. L’abbruciata ha il suo polo d’origine nella preistoria più lontana, nel Paleolitico, la tecnica slash and burn nella preistoria più recente e nella storia. Cronologicamente infatti si connette con l’epoca degli strumenti da taglio, inizialmente di pietra, e quindi sostanzialmente prende origine nel Neolitico. Ma le motivazioni più significative per spiegare questo quadro concettualmente confuso sono state espresse da Guilaine. Questo autore, nelle prime righe dell’introduzione al volume collettaneo Pour une archéologie agraire, ha sottolineato il fatto che la forma mentis degli archeologi, essendosi foggiata sull’archeologia del “sito”, del “costruito” (capanna, tomba, ponte ecc.), stenta ad affrontare le difficoltà peraltro reali di un’archeologia di tipo territoriale, fuori del “sito”, come quella dell’agricoltura. Le considerazioni di Guilaine sono tanto più valide per l’ambito italiano, ove da sempre si tende a identificare l’archeologia (anche preistorica) con l’arte. Torniamo all’abbruciare preistorico, vale a dire alla coltivazione embrionale delle insalate. Sauer, Jones, Hallam e, soprattutto, Harlan evidenziano che questo tipo di attività, di economia, si è protratto per decine e, più verosimilmente, per centinaia di migliaia di anni, ancor prima del Neolitico, e prescindeva, come si è detto, dalla semina e dalla lavorazione del terreno. Ci si limitava, bruciando la boscaglia, a creare radure in cui i cespi delle erbe spontanee poliennali commestibili (insalate) e le insalate annuali, come pure i cereali selvatici spontanei, dopo le prime piogge, si riproducevano e si moltiplicavano in abbondanza. Qui occorre aggiungere che l’ignicoltura senza semina è compatibile solo con particolari situazioni: d’ambiente innanzitutto, per esempio aree ove non solo insalate e cereali crescono spontanei, quindi in climi adatti, ma la densità della popolazione umana è minima. Situazioni che si protrassero, come si è detto, anche per decine o addirittura centinaia di millenni e che, come ha sottolineato Harlan, si verificarono quasi esclusivamente nella preistoria. Questo avvenne per motivi diversi: oltre all’incremento demografico, alle variazioni climatiche, al progresso tecnico (si è ormai nel Neolitico, caratterizzato dalla pietra levigata), si verifica lo sbocco in un’orticoltura in cui l’incendio è ancora la fase di partenza della coltivazione, e quindi si rimane pur sempre nell’ambito dell’ignicoltura, ma il terreno disboscato viene, almeno in forma rudimentale, lavorato alla zappa (e più tardi all’aratro) e poi seminato. Come si è visto, questo tipo di agricoltura è chiamato a livello internazionale slash and burn (taglia e brucia) o swidden (radurare), anche perché i Paesi dell’Europa settentrionale e centrale e del versante settentrionale delle Alpi, dove sono ubicate le università presso le quali in prevalenza sono state teorizzate l’archeologia, l’etnografia, le scienze preistoriche a impostazione moderna, sono prossime ai territori in cui l’agricoltura basata sul taglia e brucia è stata praticata sino a epoca recente: Paesi a clima fresco e umido in cui per disboscare era necessario, appunto per via dell’umidità, tagliare le fronde e lasciarle essiccare per poterle bruciare. Questa operazione invece non è necessaria nei Paesi aridi o semiaridi, come per esempio molti di quelli mediterranei. Nel Neolitico, il taglio veniva effettuato anche nell’Europa centrale e settentrionale, con accette di selce, ma è probabile che fosse spesso limitato all’incisione della corteccia, per impedire il flusso della linfa e provocare il conseguente disseccamento della fronda, che in tal modo diventava più facilmente incendiabile. Tale pratica è documentata già in Palladio (De re rustica, XII, 15) e ampiamente in diversi paleoagronomi quali E. Sereni e A. Steensberg. Sovente poi si seminava e si coltivava tra gli alberi disseccati e non abbattuti. Di queste fasi arcaiche di coltivazione con il fuoco permangono relitti glottologici di estrema importanza. Occorre infatti ricordare che addirittura i nomi di due grandi Paesi europei, Svizzera e Svezia, costituiscono il documento linguistico fossile dell’impiego del fuoco per radurare boschi, boscaglie, brughiere, ginestreti, ericeti, al fine di produrre, in modo temporaneo, solitamente periodico, dal Mesolitico-Neolitico, innanzitutto insalate o foraggio per gli animali, e poi, via via, con la lavorazione rudimentale del suolo, seminare e raccogliere cereali rustici (segale, farro, panico ecc.). Schweiz (Svizzera) e Schweden (Svezia) sono infatti i nomi che, semanticamente, corrispondono alla parola italiana fratta, derivata dal latino frango, cioè bosco “rotto”, “fratto” con il fuoco, per potervi praticare le coltivazioni temporanee, periodiche, di tipo ignicolo cui si è già accennato. Ciò è confermato dalla definizione di swidden data da Izikovitz, che ha introdotto questo termine in ambito accademico: “coltivazione di un appezzamento disboscato con il fuoco”. Storici, linguisti, paleoagronomi, quali Schneiter e Sigaut, oltre ad altri specialisti (etnografi, paleobotanici ecc.) hanno infatti posto in evidenza la derivazione del nome “Svizzera” (in tedesco Schwiz, Schweiz) dal gotico svith, poi suedan e Schwenden. Allo stesso modo “Svezia” (Schweden) deriva da svedja, termine a sua volta apparentato con il dialettale schwenden, e l’antico anglosassone swidden. Ovviamente, mentre gli uomini degli altipiani steppici circummesopotamici, durante la preistoria, praticavano gli incendi su grandi spazi, lo swiddening in Europa era effettuato anche su appezzamenti più circoscritti, ma le foto e i dipinti pubblicati da Steensberg, relativi all’ambito scandinavo e a quello alpino, offrono l’impressione di estensioni senza limiti apparenti. Trattandosi di disboscamenti con il fuoco, spesso seguiti da semine, ovviamente erano necessari attrezzi tipo erpice (paraerpici, erpicoidi ecc.) per pareggiare il terreno. Steensberg li chiama twig-harrows, cioè “ramo-erpici”, “erpici-bastone”. Nei miei scritti sull’argomento li ho indicati anche con il termine di “proto-erpici”. Riferendosi in particolare alla documentazione alpino-stiriana, Steensberg aggiunge che è “affascinante l’immensa varietà di modelli di questi proto-erpici”. È opportuno precisare che necessariamente anche le genti preistoriche del Vicino Oriente che praticavano questa ignierpicecoltura (con semina), studiata in modo pionieristico e geniale da Lewis, dovevano usare questi proto-erpici. Dato che ovviamente erano di legno e il legno non si conserva nei climi aridi, ciò è bastato perché alcuni studiosi di preistoria, in genere avversi all’applicazione dei principi dell’etnoarcheologia, negassero l’esistenza sia di questi strumenti, sia di questa forma di economia di base nel Mesolitico-Neolitico del Vicino Oriente e non tenessero in alcun conto l’opera di Lewis, accusandola di mancanza o scarsità di documentazione. La Boserup, nella sua classica opera, scrive che il massimo di produttività per ora di lavoro impiegata nella messa a coltura si ottiene con il “taglia e brucia”. Bisogna tener presente infatti che l’incendio dell’appezzamento è un’operazione relativamente rapida, elimina preventivamente le erbe infestanti e utilizza l’accumulo di fertilità (residui di humus, oltre alle ceneri di quello combusto) di più di un decennio di bosco. L’agricoltura delle epoche neolitica, del rame e del bronzo dei trattati di preistoria, con la sua espansione, cui fanno riferimento Cavalli Sforza e collaboratori (in particolare Ammermann, ma anche, basandosi su schemi diversi di trasmissione culturale, Alinei) è ancorata a questo tipo di coltivazione.
Il processo di genesi della coltivazione delle insalate, per la natura stessa di tutti i processi di genesi, è inevitabilmente polivalente: ciò significa che quando si impiega il fuoco come unico strumento di coltivazione e all’incendio non si fa seguire la semina – come (sottolinea Harlan) si è continuato a fare per molte decine di millenni, prima che si sviluppasse un’agricoltura nel senso completo del termine –, le erbe che si sviluppano spontaneamente dopo le piogge sono miste: insalate, cereali selvatici, erbe da foraggio ecc. Quindi orticoltura, cerealicoltura, foraggicoltura insieme. Non si tratta di una semplice attività di raccolta, perché questa prescinde da ogni altra operazione che abbia per fine l’incentivazione della produzione, mentre qui si incendia per produrre, per sviluppare diversi tipi di vegetali. L
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,"Erkeğimi olduğu gibi istiyorum, ölü ya da diri" yazmış.
Kadın suçlu bulunduğu takdirde iki yıla kadar hapis cezası alacak.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Dewey Clayton Professor of Political Science, University of Louisville :
No, that formulation makes no sense whatsoever. People appear to have lost sight of the constitutional role of the Court. The framers of the U.S. Constitution purposely created an independent judiciary so that each time a justice made a decision, she did not have to look over her shoulder to make sure that the president who appointed her approved of her vote. Throughout the history of the Court, Supreme Court justices have ruled differently than the presidents who appointed them. For instance, in 1953 when Chief Justice Fred Vinson died of a heart attack, President Dwight Eisenhower, a Republican, appointed Earl Warren, a Republican, as the new chief justice. Warren immediately took command and forged a unanimous Supreme Court decision in the famous public school integration case Brown v. Board of Education (1954). President Eisenhower later remarked that it was “the biggest damn-fool mistake I ever made.”
But that is a good thing: our nation needs an independent judiciary. Chief Justice Roberts has always stated that he felt one of his roles as chief justice was to act as an umpire. When individuals are appointed to the court, they should lose their political labels and replace them with one label: Supreme Court justices.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>星期二，他们在周二离开他们搁浅的休闲车寻求帮助后，首先发现了两名父母。 然后救援人员找到了RV和其他四个人，包括两个孩子。
所有六人于周二下午在俄勒冈州格伦代尔重聚。
彼得Stivers和Marlo Hill-Stivers跑到一辆面包车，因为它带着两个孩子和Stivers的母亲和继父，Becky和亚利桑那州的Elbert Higginbotham进入城镇。
“我爱你，宝贝，”Marlo Hill-Stivers告诉她的女儿，Gabrayell，8岁。
“我也爱你，妈妈，”她回答道。
Peter Stivers双手放在他9岁的儿子Sabastyan的肩膀上。
“他玩得很开心。他们喜欢它，”Peter Stivers说道。 “他们不知道我们遇到了麻烦。”
然而，对于成年人 - 以及他们担心的亲人 - 显然是一场折磨。
3月4日，六人离开俄勒冈州阿什兰，前往海岸 - 这次旅行通常需要几个小时穿过山脉。
但是他们迷路了，最终他们被困在大约3,800英尺的大约4英尺高的雪中，在一条冒险的山路上。
“我们以为我们会选择风景优美的路线，”Elbert Higginbotham说。 “每当我们走弯道时，似乎我们走错了角落。”
RV一度滑下了路。 这家人试图手工挖掘房车，但不能。
埃尔伯特希金波坦说，这个家庭在积雪和脱水食物上自行维持旅行。 他们有足够的丙烷来保持RV加热。<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>1.瑞典商标法令最早于1961年1月1日生效实施。1993年1月1日被经修改后的商标法令取代。现行的瑞典商标法是于1995年1月再次经过修改的。
2.瑞典商标法律规定，最先提出商标申请者将获准注册，并享有该商标的专用权。同时又规定，经过长期而广泛的使用已确立了良好信誉的未注册商标的个人或企业，也可以享有使用该商标的专用权。因此，瑞典对商标的保护是实行注册和使用兼顾的原则。
3..瑞典接受对商品商标、服务商标、标准商标(含集体商标)的注册申请。
4.在瑞典，商标的指定商品和服务的分类采用商品和服务国际分类法。
5.瑞典是《保护工业产权巴黎公约》、《商标国际注册马德里协定》、《商标国际注册马德里议定书》以及《商标注册用商品和服务国际分类尼斯协定》的成员国。同时也是世界知识产权组织的成员，于1995年12月1日加入马德里议定书，属纯议定书成员国。
6. 国家英文缩写：SE
7、官方语言为瑞典语。
8、多类别制度
瑞典商标注册证书样本
我内部公司活动及部分客户之间往来合影留念<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>By Briana Kim
Social Media Specialist
It’s difficult to turn on the news and not read about a natural disaster occurring somewhere in the country. It’s unexpected and always comes when we least expect it. It’s even more difficult to hear about the animals that are affected—especially people’s pets.
Preparation is key when it comes to making sure your pets are safe if a natural disaster occurs: This can range from a flood or a fire to an earthquake or even a tornado. With Mother Nature, anything is possible. Below are some tips to make sure you and your pet are prepared in case a natural disaster hits:
Have copies of your pet’s veterinarian records- If your pet needs to get treated, it’s good for the veterinarian to have a copy of your pets medical history, in case they’re not able to electronically access his records. In addition to this, if you have to take your pet to a shelter, some shelters may require to see your pets veterinary records to make sure he’s up-to-date on his shots before being allowed to stay.
Make sure your pet has identification on them at all times-Meaning, make sure he’s wearing a collar with your contact information, and all are current. It’s also great to make sure he is microchipped, and that is up-to-date as well. If they happen to get separated from you, this will increase his chances that he will make his way back home to you.
Pack five days worth of food and water, for yourself and your pet and have an evacuation pack ready to go –According to the Humane Society of the United States, pet parents should pack enough food and water for at least five days. Along with food and water, you want to pack pet feeding dishes and bowels, an extra leash, dish soap, paper towels, an extra blanket, a flashlight, and toys for your pets. If it’s a cat, make sure to pack a pillow. Packing an emergency kit for the humans in your family is also important.
Arrange a designated caregiver ahead of time to care for your pet- If you have to evacuate and cannot take your pet with you, leave them with a person you trust that you’ve made arrangements ahead of time to care for your pet. If you happen not to be home, make sure the person has a copy of your house key so they can go into your house and rescue your pet. With that said, not all shelters accept pets so it’s best to call your local veterinarian to see if they have kennels available where you can house your pup or if they have a list of kennels they recommend for boarding. You can also research hotels ahead of time to see which ones accept pets and what their pet policy is.
Click here for more information on how to prepare your pets in light of a natural disaster.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>This section provides a short description of all the major objects in the book. This can be printed out as a study guide for students, used as a "key" for leading a class discussion, or you can jump to the quiz/homework section to find worksheets that incorporate these descriptions into a variety of question formats.
Briny Beach - This place is one of the Baudelaire children's favorite places to hang out, but only when it is cloudy. On cloudy days, they have this place to themselves. This is where the children learn about the tragedy that has changed their lives.
Baudelaire Mansion - This place is briefly described as being quite grand. The children visit it after the fire and everything has been destroyed.
Mr. Poe's House - The Baudelaires briefly stay here until Mr. Poe finds them a guardian. It is described as having a...
This section contains 358 words
(approx. 2 pages at 300 words per page)<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>به گزارش ایسکانیوز، فلوریس شاپ ظهر امروز با حضور در دفتر باشگاه خونه به خونه مازندران رسماً قرارداد خود را با این تیم امضا کرد تا کار خود را از امروز به عنوان دستیار اول علیرضا مرزبان آغاز کند.
گفتنی است، قرارداد این مربی که سابقه مربیگری در تیم های پرتقالی، اماراتی و چینی را در کارنامه خود دارد تا پایان این فصل می باشد.
این مربی فوتبال اهل هلند می باشد ولی ملیتی پرتغالی نیز دارد. وی به عنوان مدافع بازی هایش را در نوجوانی در تیم کاتویک آغاز کرد و با تیم آماتور ریجترز بلیک ادامه داد. فلوریس شاپ برای اولین بار دو فصل برای اولهاننس کلوب و سپس سه فصل برای پروتیموننز کلوب توپ زد و در ۱۰۳ بازی حضور داشت. وی بین سالهای ۱۹۹۱ و ۱۹۹۳ برای تروننس و فارنس بازی کرد و پس از آن در فصل ۱۹۹۵-۱۹۹۶ او برای اسپورتینگ براگا بازی و سپس کار خود را در سال ۱۹۹۸ را در اولهاننس کلوب به پایان رساند. این مربی کار خود را در تیم اولهاننس کلوب به عنوان دستیار سرمربی آغاز کرد و سپس به سرمربیگری این تیم نیز دست یافت. پس از آن فعالیت مربیگری خود را در تیم های شارجه امارات و چینگهای چین پشت سر گذاشت. گفتنی است، فلوریس شاپ مربیگری تیم جوانان اولهاننس و معاون مدیرعامل در بخش جوانان این باشگاه را نیز در کارنامه خود دارد.
۶۰۴/۶۰۲<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>|当前位置>:首页 > 白癜风治疗|
食物可以对疾病的治疗起到有益的作用，日常生活中也可以有搭配合理的相关饮食食谱。比如白癜风患者可以多吃一些“黑色食物”，里面含有白癜风患者需要或缺乏的物质。那么，黑芝麻对白癜风的治疗有什么作用呢?
1.什么是“黑色”食物?黑色素可以补充吗?
所谓的“黑色”食物，不仅外表是黑色的，还含有可以帮助黑色素合成的物质。白癜风患者可以多吃一些“黑色”食物，如黑豆、黑芝麻和黑木耳。
它们含有黑色素、花青素等物质，可以捕捉人体产生的一些有害化合物，改善白癜风患者的睡眠，提高人体免疫力，增强抵抗力。因此，白癜风患者可以通过吃黑芝麻来补充黑色素，但这种增加是为了促进体内黑色素的合成，有利于辅助治疗白癜风，而不能依靠吃黑芝麻来治愈白癜风。
2.黑芝麻有助于补充氨基酸
氨基酸是人体需要的物质。黑芝麻含有多种氨基酸，在体内维生素B1和维生素E的配合下，可以促进白癜风患者的新陈代谢。氨基酸可以帮助人体消化吸收蛋白质，为人体提供能量，更重要的是促进激素和酶的产生。
3.黑芝麻有助于补充酪氨酸和酪氨酸酶
白癜风是由于黑色素流失引起的，这意味着需要黑色素。那么黑色素是怎么来的呢?它可以通过食物或身体传播。推荐阅读：白癜风的治疗需要做什么呢?
黑芝麻对白癜风的治疗有什么作用呢?白癜风患者吃黑芝麻含有酪氨酸酶和酪氨酸，可以促进黑色素的合成，而这正是白癜风患者所缺乏的，所以多吃黑芝麻就好。<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Alt ekstremitelerde varis sık görülen bir hastalıktır, özellikle yaşlı kadınlar arasında. Varis tedavisinde kapsamlı olmalıdır. Bunun önemli bileşenlerinden biri uygun olarak tüm kuralları ile gerçekleştirilmesi gereken varis ile egzersiz. Daha yakından bakın. Ama önce hastalık hakkında biraz söylemek gerekir.
Yeterince parlak varis belirtileri ve teşhis etmek kolaydır. Ana belirtileri şunlardır:
Eğer bu belirtilerden sadece bir alarm için neden. Varis sadece bacaklarda rahatsızlık nedenleri — geniş varis, dolaşım bozukluğu, tromboz ve tromboflebit neden olabilir. Eğer hastalığı tedavi etmezseniz, şişmiş kan damarları patladı ve kanamaya neden olabilir. Özellikle varis ilerlemiş vakalarda kanama nedeniyle ölüm vakaları bile var.
Genellikle tedavi kapsamlı olmalı ve aşağıdaki yöntemleri içerir:
Tedavinin temel amacı kan damarlarının iyileşiyor. Sağlıklı kan damarları ve varis, ve diğer hastalıklar ile ilgili sorunları bir dizi önlemeye yardımcı olur.
Alt ekstremitelerde varis ile egzersiz kan ve lenf dolaşımının sağlanmasına yardımcı olacak. Ayaklarda birikir ve sıvı durgun ateşkes sağlamak. Bu damarlar üzerindeki baskıyı azaltır ve durumlarını düzenler.
Ayrıca arteryel kan akımı, alt ekstremitelerde kan uyarılması gemi sesi bir restorasyon. Damarlar kaybettiği esnekliği ve canlandırır bulabilirsiniz. Varis ile jimnastik venöz damarlar ortadan kaldırmak için yardımcı olur ve etkilenen doku yıldız. Gelişmiş periferik dolaşım durumunu iyileştirmek için yardımcı olur, bir bütün olarak alt ekstremite ve gövde.
Böylece, bacaklar varis için egzersizler yapılması, bu önerileri izleyin:
İlk varis doktor tedavi önerir hakkında konuşmak. Eklemler, kinesitherapy denilen damarlar ve omurganın çeşitli hastalıkların tedavisi için kendine özgü bir teknik yarattı. Hangi geleneksel tedavi kötü işleyebilir ile birçok patoloji kurtulmak için izin verir.
Sınıflar Bubnovsky yöntemi özel olarak geliştirilmiş ekipman üzerinde yapılır. Egzersizleri yapmak, bu makine bu kadar yüke uygun olacak şekilde tasarlanmıştır beri aşırı korkmayın.
Egzersiz karmaşık tek tek her durumda seçilir. Zorluk seviyesi büyük ölçüde hastanın yaşına bağlıdır. Yaşlı insanlar genç daha basit egzersiz tavsiye edilir. Henüz etkili herhangi bir olay tekniği.
Eğer özel bir spor salonu katılmak için hiçbir fırsatı varsa, doktor tavsiyesi için alt ekstremite varis ile jimnastik evde iş, ek ekipman kullanımı da olabilir.
Egzersiz aşağıdaki gibi olacaktır:
Bu egzersizleri oldukça etkilidir, ancak geleneksel Tedavi Tedbirleri, kısa yürüyüşler, Bisiklet, iyi bir dinlenme ve doğru beslenme ile birleştirmek varsa olumlu sonuçlar elde edebilirsiniz.
Alt ekstremitelerde varis için başlar egzersiz yataktan bile değil. Ayak sonraki ani hareketler olduğundan emin olun:
Her egzersizi birkaç kez. Eğer sadece jimnastik başladı, en uygun sayısı 4-5 kez tekrarlar. Daha sonra 10'a artırılabilir. Rahatsızlık vermeden ayağa mümkün olacak gemiler için böyle basit bir şarj için teşekkürler. Eğer bu aşama başarıyla geçildi, doğrudan spor salonuna devam edebilirsiniz.
Fizyoterapi yukarıdan aşağı çalıştırmak için tavsiye edilir. Vücuttaki tüm kas gruplarını dahil etmek çok önemlidir, ama yavaş yavaş yap:
Genel egzersizlerden sonra alt ekstremitelerde varis bacaklar için egzersizler başlar. Aşağıdaki egzersizleri içerebilir:
Sonra yerde yatarken egzersizleri yapabilirsiniz. Onlar için özel bir top kullanılması tavsiye edilir. Yere yat bacak topu önünde döndürmek dökme. Bu egzersiz gemilerin sesi oldukça hafif bir formudur geri yüklemek için yardımcı olacaktır.
Topu yokluğunda tanıdık egzersiz "Bisiklet" ve "makas kazanmak" olabilir. Bacak asansörler yüzüstü çevirdi. Her iki ayak ile aynı anda mı yoksa teker teker kaldırın.
Egzersiz sonunda, nazik germe. Düzgün ve dikkatli bir şekilde yapın, çok fazla çaba olmadan. Karmaşık boyunca, ve nefes almaya devam edin. Bir ön koşuldur.
Varis için egzersiz dahil olamaz egzersizleri unutmayın. Bunlar şunlardır:
Ayrıca yorgun ayakları rahatlatmak yardımcı olacak egzersizler vardır. Çok yaygın bir belirtisidir) çünkü önlenmesinde bu varis tedavisinde önemli. Aşağıdaki yönergeleri dikkate alın:
Alt ekstremitelerde varis ile düzgün bir şekilde yapılan egzersiz önemli ölçüde durumlarını iyileştirmek ve bir takım sorunlar hakkında unutmak.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>A positive attitude is something you can learn. Even when things are though, or the world seems bleak, or you’re worried about something, there is a way to hold on to hope.
Finding a different point of view
It’s normal to feel negative emotions – they can actually help you be more rational – but they should not dominate your self-talk. Do you find yourself putting yourself down? Do you often feel like you’re not enough? Any negative beliefs you might have of yourself are not facts. If you feel like you are unlovable, it does not mean that you are unlovable. If you’ve told yourself these things for years, it can be difficult to break the pattern – but not impossible.
Negative self-talk makes it hard for you to see the good things about yourself or your life. If you are in recovery, or receiving any number of behavioral health services, holding these negative beliefs can make your challenges seem even harder – causing you to lose motivation. The good news is, you can start cultivating a positive attitude and learn to love yourself.
You can train yourself to have a more positive outlook
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olarak yetişmişti ve Bentham’ın bunda etkisi büyüktü. Mill ailesi, her yaz Bentham’ın Surrey kırsalındaki evinde kalırdı. Her ne kadar Mill, Bentham’ın doğru eylem her zaman en fazla mutluluğu üretir fikrine katılsa da hocasının haz olarak mutluluk açıklamasının çok ham olduğuna inanıyordu. Bu nedenle genç adam, teoriye ilişkin kendi versiyonunu geliştirdi ve yüksek ve aşağı hazlar arasında bir ayrım yaptı.
Seçme şansı verildiğinde, çamurlu ağılında yuvarlanıp yem kabındaki yiyecekleri midesine indiren hoşnut bir domuz mu, yoksa mutsuz bir insan mı olmak isterdiniz? Mill, mutlu bir domuz yerine üzgün bir insan olmayı seçeceğimizin açık olduğunu düşündü. Fakat bu, Bentham’ın düşündüğü şeye tersti. Bildiğimiz üzere Bentham önemli olan tek şeyin haz verebilen deneyimler olduğunu söylüyordu, bunların nasıl oluştuğu önemsizdi. Mill buna katılmıyordu. Farklı türde hazlara sahip olabileceğimizi ve bazılarının diğerlerinden çok daha iyi olduğunu düşünüyordu. Öyle ki aşağı hazzın miktarı ne kadar büyük olursa olsun, yüksek bir hazzın en ufak miktarıyla boy ölçüşemezdi. Aşağı düzeyde hazlar, örneğin bir hayvanın deneyimleyebileceği hazlar, kitap okumak ya da bir konser dinlemek gibi daha yüksek, zihinsel hazlarla asla karşılaştırılamazdı.
Mill daha da ileri gitti ve memnun bir aptal olmaktansa, memnuniyetsiz bir Sokrates olmanın daha iyi olduğunu söyledi. Bunun nedeni filozof Sokrates’in düşünmekle, bir aptalın elde edebileceğinden çok daha incelikli hazlara ulaşabilmesiydi. Mill’e neden inanalım? Buna cevabı, hem aşağı hem de yüksek hazları deneyimlemiş birinin, daha yüksek olanları tercih edeceği olmuştu. Domuz, okuyamaz ya da klasik müzik dinleyemez; dolayısıyla onun bu konu hakkındaki fikri hesaba katılmaz. Eğer domuz okuyabilseydi, çamurda yuvarlanmak yerine okumayı tercih ederdi. Mill’in düşündüğü şey buydu. Ancak bazı insanlar, Mill’in, herkesin çamurda yuvarlanmak yerine onun gibi kitap okumayı tercih edeceğini varsaydığını söylüyordu. Daha da kötüsü, Mill farklı mutluluk niteliklerinden (yüksek ve aşağı) ve bunların farklı niceliklerinden bahsettiği için, ne yapacağınızı nasıl hesaplayacağınızı bilmek çok daha zorlaşıyordu. Bentham’ın yaklaşımının en büyük erdemlerinden biri basitliğiydi, her türlü hazzın ve acının aynı değerle ölçülmesiydi. Mill, yüksek ve aşağı hazların farklı değerlerini hesaplamak için bir değişim oranı ortaya koymamıştı. Mill, kendi faydacı düşüncesini hayatın her alanına uygulamıştı. İnsanın, biraz da ağaçlara benzediğini düşünüyordu. Eğer bir ağaca büyüyebilmesi için yeterince yer vermezseniz, eğri büğrü ve zayıf olur. Fakat doğru bir yerde potansiyeline ulaşabilir, uzayabilir ve yayılabilir. Benzer şekilde, doğru koşullar altında insanlar da büyür ve bu sadece söz konusu birey için değil, tüm toplum için iyi sonuçlara neden olur – mutluluğu en yüksek dereceye çıkarır. 1859 yılında yayımladığı kısa, ama büyüleyici kitabında, her insana, uygun gördüğü gibi gelişebilmesi için bir yer vermenin, toplumu düzenlemenin en iyi yolu olduğu görüşünü savundu. Kitabın adı “Özgürlük Üzerine”dir ve bugün hâlâ yaygın şekilde okunmaktadır.
Paternalizm, baba anlamına gelen Latince kelime paterden gelir; birini, kendi iyiliği için bir şey yapmaya zorlamak anlamını taşır (gerçi anne anlamındaki Latince mater kelimesinden gelen maternalizm de olabilirdi pekâlâ.). Eğer çocukken size sebze yedirilmişse, bunun ne olduğunu çok iyi bilirsiniz. Yeşil sebze yemek bir çocuk için çoğu zaman hoş değildir, ama aileniz bunun sizin iyiliğiniz için olduğunu söyler. Mill, paternalizmin çocuğa uygulandığı zaman iyi olduğunu düşünüyordu: Çocukların korunması ve çeşitli yollarla davranışlarının kontrol edilmesi gerekir. Bununla birlikte, uygar toplumlarda yetişkinlere yönelik bir paternalizm kabul edilemezdi. Bunun için tek mazeret, bir yetişkinin kendi eylemleriyle başka birine zarar verme tehlikesi taşıması ya da ciddi psikiyatrik sorunlarının olmasıdır. Mill’in mesajı basitti. Bu, Zarar İlkesi olarak bilinir. Her yetişkin, kendisini memnun eden şekilde yaşama özgürlüğüne sahip olmalıdır, ancak bu süreçte başkası zarar görmemelidir.
Pek çok insanın, devletin görevlerinden birinin insanlara iyi ahlaki değerler benimsetmek olduğunu varsaydığı Victoria dönemi İngiltere’sinde bu meydan okuyan bir düşünceydi. Mill bu görüşe katılmıyordu. Daha büyük mutluluğun, nasıl davranacakları konusunda daha büyük bir özgürlüğe sahip insanlardan geleceğini düşünüyordu. Mill’in tek endişesi devletin insanlara ne yapacaklarını söylemesi değildi. “Çoğunluğun tiranlığı” dediği şeyden, toplumsal baskıların pek çok insanın olmak ya da yapmak istediği şeyin önüne engel koymasından da nefret ediyordu. Başkaları, sizi neyin mutlu edeceğini bildiklerini düşünebilir. Ama genelde yanılırlar. Kendi hayatınızla ne yapmak istediğinizi en iyi kendiniz bilirsiniz. Bilmiyorsanız bile tek bir yaşam biçimine uymaya zorlanmak yerine, kendi hatalarınızı yapmanın daha iyi olduğunu düşünüyordu Mili. Bireysel özgürlüğün artmasının kısıtlanmasından daha fazla mutluluk yaratacağına inandığı için bu fikir, onun faydacılığıyla tutarlıydı.
Mill, ahlâki failin eylemlerini haz ve acının yönlendirdiğini düşünmektedir.
Buna göre ahlâki fail doğası gereği, haz veren eylemlere yönelirken, acı veren eylemlerden ise uzaklaşmaktadır. Mill’e göre burada ahlâki failin amacı hazca zengin bir yaşama ulaşıp mutlu olmaktır. Mill, hazlar arasında bir ayrıma gitmektedir. O, hazların sadece nicelik olarak değil, nitelik olarak da birbirinden ayrılabileceğini savunmaktadır. Zira ona göre diğer bütün şeylerin değeri nicelikleri yanında nitelikleri de göz önüne alınarak değerlendirilirken, hazların bu durumdan muaf olduklarının iddia edilmesi saçmalıktır.
Bu düşünceden hareketle Mill, hazları “yüksek hazlar” ve “alçak hazlar” olmak üzere ikiye ayırmaktadır. Ona göre alçak hazlar, yüksek hazlara nispeten daha az zihinsel çaba gerektiren hazlardır. Bu açıdan, güneş banyosu yapmak, pizza yemek, futbol oynamak, vb. eylemlerden alınan hazlar alçak hazlar içersinde yer alırken; Kant okumak, Mozart dinlemek, şiir okumak gibi eylemlerden alınan hazlar ise yüksek hazlar içersinde ele alınmaktadır.
Mill, yüksek hazların, alçak hazlardan üstünlüğünün, hazların daha devamlı olması, daha emniyetli olması, daha ucuz olması, vb. gibi içsel doğalarından kaynaklanan özelliklerinden ileri geldiğini savunmaktadır. Ona göre hazların bu içsel doğalarındaki farklılık hazlara nitelik olarak yansımaktadır. Bu nedenle yüksek hazlar ahlâki faile daha fazla ve nitelikli bir tatmin sağlarken, alçak hazlar için aynı şeyi söylemek mümkün olmamaktadır. Bu nedenle Mill, ahlâki fail için nihai hedef olarak belirlediği mutluluğa ancak nitelikli hazlarla ulaşılabileceğini savunmaktadır.
Bazı hazların, diğerlerinden daha kıymetli, daha arzuya değer olduklarının iddia edilmesinin faydacılık ilkesiyle de son derece uyumlu olduğunu düşünen Mill’in hazların niteliğine yaptığı bu vurgunun iki temel nedeni olduğunu düşünüyoruz. Bunlardan ilki, faydacılığın bencillik ve çıkar düşkünlüğü felsefesi olduğu düşüncesinden hareketle, muarızları tarafından faydacılığa yapılan “domuzlara layık bir felsefe” eleştirisinin önüne geçmektir. Ona göre bu eleştiri tamamen faydacılığın yanlış anlaşılmasından ileri gelmektedir. Çünkü, bir insana hayvanlara ait en mükemmel hazlar vaat edilse bile, bu insan bu hazları kabul etmeyecektir. Zira Mill, hiçbir zeki adamın aptal olmayı, hiçbir aydının cahil olmayı, yüksek ruhlu ve vicdanlı olan hiç kimsenin bayağı ve bencil olmayı kabul etmeyeceğini iddia etmektedir.
Ayrıca yüksek yetilere sahip olan insanların mutlu olmak için daha fazla şeye ihtiyaç duysalar da, daha fazla acı çekseler de hiçbir zaman daha aşağı bir varlık olmayı arzulamayacaklarını iddia eden Mill, bu konuyla alakalı olarak şu meşhur sözünü söylemiştir: “Tatmin edilmiş bir domuz olmaktansa, tatmin edilmemiş bir insan olmayı; tatmin edilmiş bir aptal olmaktansa, tatmin edilmemiş bir Sokrates olmayı tercih ederim” İkinci temel neden ise, değer teorisinde ortaya koymuş olduğu, mutluluğa götüren araç değerlerden alınan hazların ahlâki faili gerçekten mutlu edemeyeceğine dair yapmış olduğu açıklamaya mantıksal bir zemin oluşturma çabasıdır. Bir başka ifadeyle mutlu olmak için parayı araç değer olarak görmekten vazgeçip, paraya sahip olmayı bizatihi amaç haline getiren ahlâki failin, paraya sahip olmaktan aldığı hazzın alçak hazlardan olduğunu ve bu nedenle ahlâki failin bu hazla mutluluğa ulaşamayacağına dair yaptığı açıklamanın mantıksal açıdan tutarlı hale getirilmesidir.
Mill’in hazları bu şekilde yüksek ve alçak hazlar olarak ayırması, ahlâki fail açısından yeni bir problem ortaya çıkarmaktadır. Buna göre alternatif iki eylem arasında kalan ahlâki fail, hangi eylemden nasıl bir haz alacağına nasıl karar verecektir? Mill, böyle bir durumda kalmış olan ahlâki faile iki çıkış yolu önermektedir.
İlki, eğer iki hazdan biri, bunları tadanların hepsi ya da hemen hemen tamamı tarafından, hiçbir ahlâki sorumluluk duygusuna bağlı kalmaksızın tercih ediliyorsa, Mill’e göre bu haz diğerinden daha fazla tercih edilmeye layık olandır.
İkincisi ise, bir nevi birincinin devamı olan bir bilene, uzmana danışma şeklinde karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Mill, ahlâki failin danışacağı uzmanlara “ehil yargıçlar (competent judges)” adını vermektedir. Buna göre iki alternatif eylem arasında kalmış olan fail doğru kararı vermek için bu ehil yargıçlara danışmalıdır. Mill, ahlâki failin danışacağı bu ehil yargıçların iki özelliğinden bahsetmektedir. Bunların ilk özellikleri, alternatif iki eylemden ortaya çıkacak olan her iki hazzı da tatmış olmalarıdır. Çünkü ona göre ancak her iki hazzı tatmış biri bu konuda doğru bir değerlendirme yapabilecektir. İkinci özelikleri, bu ehil yargıçlar hazlar konusunda tek karar merciidirler. Bir başka ifadeyle hazlar konusunda tek değerlendirme yetkisi bu ehil yargıçlardadır. Mill, bu yetkili yargıçların yaptıkları değerlendirmede görüş ayrılıklarının olabileceğini, böyle bir durumda ahlâki failin, onlar arasında çoğunluğun kararına uyulabileceğini belirtmektedir. Ayrıca düşünürümüz, her iki hazzı tatmış olan bu yetkili yargıçların karakterlerinin asilliği nedeniyle daha mutlu olabileceğinin tartışmalı bir durum olduğunu kabul etmekle birlikte, bu yargıçların toplumu daha fazla mutlu edebileceği noktasının tartışmasız kabul edilmesi gerektiğini iddia etmektedir. Aslına bakılırsa Mill, ehil yargıçların kabulünü faydacı olmanın bir şartı olarak görmemektedir. Bu nedenle o, ahlâki faile ehil yargıçları bir danışman ve bir ideal tip niteliğinde sunmaktadır. Dolayısıyla ona göre her ne kadar ehil yargıçlar hazlar konusunda tek karar mercii olsalar da, onların kararları ahlâki faili, ahlâki yükümlülük bağlamında bir sorumluluk altına sokmaz. Bu nedenle karar yine ahlâki failin kendisine bırakılmıştır. Çünkü ehil yargıçların asıl işlevleri bireyden çok toplumun mutluluğunun sağlanması noktasında karşımıza çıkmaktadır.
Hazırlayan: Sosyolog Ömer YILDIRIM
Kaynak: Ömer YILDIRIM’ın Kişisel Ders Notları. Atatürk Üniversitesi Sosyoloji Bölümü 1. Sınıf “Felsefeye Giriş” ve 2., 3., 4. Sınıf “Felsefe Tarihi” Dersleri Ders Notları (Ömer YILDIRIM); Açık Öğretim Felsefe Ders Kitabı; Sakarya Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, Cilt: XV, Sayı: 28 (2013/2)<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Welcome Jane Austen fans, including visitors from the Austen Blog and Austen-tatious.
Jane Austen -- my favorite author -- cared about words and money. Money, marriage and society are major themes in Jane Austen novels such as Pride and Prejudice, Emma and Sense and Sensibility. Earlier I wrote about Five Frugal Lessons From Pride and Prejudice.
Beyond the world of fiction, Jane Austen was savvy about money and as a financial writer, I continue to learn about money management from the Great Jane. In the notes about Emma (Penguin Classic version), critic Ronald Blythe comments about Jane Austen and finance:
Here are some lessons I learned from his essay on Jane Austen.
1. It's possible to have a full life on limited means:
"[Jane Austen] is a realist and as a person who managed to live a very full life on very small means, she could scarcely be expected to depict a society which lived on air." (P. 468). --Ronald Blythe
2. Money is a tool that allows us to measure other areas of our life.
"There is a hard fiscal outline to Emma; the references to money are frequent and telling....But her use of income is a device to anchor her society and in Emma it is also used as a moral test."
(p. 468 )--Ronald Blythe
3. Money matters. We should all carefully monitor our financial profiles. As a writer, Jane Austen carefully tracked her book profits. She pushed for better financial arrangements with her publishers and ultimately landed a profit-sharing arrangement for the publication of Emma.
"...towards the end of her life, Jane Austen made a note of the profits of her first three novels...When she described herself as a 'mercenary' author, in this respect, she had good reason to."-- Ronald Blythe
4. Keep the Faith. Jane Austen kept writing. She continued to create characters and pages of text, despite the initial lukewarm reaction from publishers.
"None of her publishers was generous to her or showed real faith in her." --Ronald Blythe
5. Marry for love. Despite her emphasis on the financial security, Jane Austen's main characters all marry for love, albeit to either wealthy or comfortable partners.
"In her own life, the unmarried Austen decided against a practical marriage based on money alone....."Her attitude is consistent: "Marriage without love is wrong. In 1802, she herself suffered a great agitation through accepting a proposal of marriage from a well-to-do man and then the next day withdrawing her acceptance."
-- notes from D.W. Harding in the Penguin Classics edition of Persuasion by Jane Austen.
The Frugal Duchess Booktique
The Frugal Duchess of Beauty Store
Book Shop of Fear
The Poetry & Drama Queen
Frugal Jazz & Blues
Frugal Comic Book Connection<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>The development of laser (an acronym for light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation) technology is widely considered to be one of the most important scientific breakthroughs of the 20th century. A year after the first functioning laser was unveiled at the Hughes Research Laboratories in California, in 1960, Tingye Li and Fox published a paper, Resonant modes in a Maser Interferometer, in which they provided a mathematical model for how lasers focus light energy into a single beam, as photons bounce back and forth, or resonate, between two mirrors inside the laser. They also demonstrated how it is possible to predict the shape and intensity of laser beams.
The paper provided a “tool kit” which has been used by scientists developing laser applications in fields ranging from medicine to space travel. Tingye Li himself made numerous contributions in the related field of optical fibres, which have been central to the development of high-speed internet connections.
Tingye Li was born in Nanking, China, on July 7 1931. His father was a Chinese diplomat and his mother, one of the first generation of Chinese women to receive a university education, was a campaigner for women’s rights.
As his father travelled from posting to posting, Tingye Li received his schooling in Vancouver, Canada, then attended Witwatersrand University in South Africa, where he graduated in Chemical Engineering. He took a PhD in Electrical Engineering at Northwestern University, Illinois.
He joined the Bell Telephone Laboratories (later AT&T Bell Laboratories) in 1957 and worked there until his retirement in 1998. During this time he wrote or co-wrote more than 100 papers and books. In recent years he often returned to China to help the country develop fibre-optic telecommunications and became the first scientist to be elected a foreign member of the Chinese Academy of Engineering.
In 2009 he was presented with the Edison Medal of the American Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
Tingye Li is survived by his wife, Edith, and by their two daughters. In a ceremony to mark his
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برای نوزادتان برای مدتی مشخص، متوجه خواهید شد که کودکتان نسبت به تن صدای شما با حرکات دست ها و پاهایش پاسخ می دهد. او می گوید " با کتاب خواندن برای کودکان، به آنها کمک کنید آنچه در اطرافشان رخ می دهد را ببینند و بشنوند و بتوانند به آنها به نوعی پاسخ دهند."
5- احساسات را معرفی می کند
کودک شما از طریق صداهای مختلفی که در هنگام خواندن کتاب استفاده می کنید در معرض احساسات مختلف قرار می گیرد، به خصوص زمانی که صدای یک شخص خاص را تقلید و یا آنچه در کتاب اتفاق می افتد را توصیف می کنید. دکتر آبرامز توضیح می دهد: "شما نمی توانید این احساسات را در موسیقی یا از طریق تماشای تلویزیون درک کنید. وقتی کلمات توسط شخص شما بیان می شوند این ایده را بیان می کنند که کلمات معنای خاصی دارند و صداهای خاصی به معنی چیزهای خاصی هستند."
6- آنها را با تصاویر مواجه می کنند
از ابتدای تولد تا 3 ماهگی، فرزند شما تمرکز چشم خود را بر روی الگوهای ساده در صفحات شروع خواهد کرد. خواندن کتاب های مصور برای کودکان در این سن آنها را با شکلها، رنگها و حروف مختلف آشنا می کند.
7- به آنها نشان می دهد که کتاب خواندن سرگرم کننده است
اینکه کتاب خوانی را به عنوان بخشی از برنامه روزانه معمول خانواده قرار دهید به کودکتان کمک می کند تا بیاموزد کتاب خوانی امری لذت بخش است و نه کاری که باید برای مدرسه انجام شود. این نگرش، عشق به خواندن را در زمان مدرسه و در دوران بزرگسالی برای آنها ایجاد می کند.
8- پاداش: شما می توانید هر آنچه را که می خواهید بخوانید!
کتاب های کودکان شما را بی حوصله می کند؟ نگران نباشید - از آنجایی که نوزادان هنوز نمی توانند کلمات شما را درک کنند، شما می توانید هر کتابی را که مایل هستید انتخاب کنید و بخوانید. یک مقاله روزنامه، یک رمان خنده دار و یا حتی یک کتاب علمی را انتخاب کنید. تا زمانی که به خواندن برای کودکتان ادامه می دهید، مهم نیست که در حال خواندن چه چیزی باشید؛ فقط این کار را ادامه دهید!
برای دریافت اصل مقاله به اینجا مراجعه کنید.
برای کسب اطلاعات بیشتر در مورد نحوه ارتباط برقرار کردن با کودکان و آموزش او برای تقویت و توسعه زبانی می توانید از راهنمایی های دکتر هلاکویی بهره ببرید. مجموعه کامل سخنرانی های دکتر هلاکویی را می توانید از اینجا خریداری کنید. همچنین با کلیک برروی عکس می توانید جزئیات این محصول را مشاهده فرمایید.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>نقد و بررسی اجمالی موس سیم دار DELTA M-03
ماوس دستگاهی شبیه به موش است که جزو تجهیزات ورودی رایانه به حساب می آید. ماوس ها ، همانند صفحه کلید، یک واسط کاربر سخت افزاری محسوب می شود. این وسیله معمولاً سه دکمه دارد و با کابل به رایانه وصل می شود. در نرم افزارهای کنونی ماوس ها بخش عمدهای از وظایف صفحه کلید را عهدهدار هستند.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Understanding Nutrient Density
The first thing to consider about any food you eat is its proportions of nutrients to calories, or how nutrient dense it is. Ideally there should be an abundance of nutrients in your diet and enough calories to get you through your day. Nutrients are essential substances like vitamins and minerals, fats (fatty acids) and proteins (amino acids), bioflavonoids and anti-oxidants. Calories come from all of your foods, but are much more abundant in high-carbohydrate foods like roots, grains breads, pasta and of course junk food, which is why it is called junk or “not so useful”.
Your body can use many nutrients as fuel. You gain calories by breaking down fats and oils into fatty acids and proteins into amino acids. You get the fuel from large carbohydrates such as starches and plants by breaking them down into glucose, a simple carbohydrate, which is the primary fuel for your brain and muscles.
In general, the more natural and fresh a food is the more nutrient dense it is and the more processed a food is the more anti-nutrient and calorie intense it is. I think most of us can agree that a fresh berry smoothie with healthy oil, hemp hearts, raw cacao, greens powder and yogurt is a more nutrient dense breakfast than a bowl of processed and sweetened breakfast cereal with pasteurized milk and extra sugar to boot. If you recall my simple advice about sticking to the wall of your grocery store you are well on your way to a nutrient-dense diet. Below is a list of nutrient-dense foods. It is not in any precise order and I have focused primarily on foods that are readily available in North America.
Examples of Nutrient Foods:
|Plants||Roots||Fruits||Fats and Oils||Proteins|
|Kale||Carrots||Goji Berries||Cod Liver Oil||Eggs|
|Spinach||Beets||Blueberries||Hemp Oil||Wild Game|
|Seaweeds||Grass Fed Butter||Free Range Chicken|
|Grass Fed Beef/Bison|
The challenge, for most of us, is to limit (or eliminate) the calorie intense “foods” like sugar, chips, pasta, bread and processed foods like cereals and frozen meals. Substances like soft drinks and alcohol are obviously not foods. The common link among all of these “foods” is they are primarily carbohydrates and contain very little nutrients. We have all heard that carbs are bad and are aware that most people are trying low carb diets. Well, here is why…
Calorie Intense Foods
Starches like bread and pasta are made of two kinds of carbohydrates: amylose and a very calorie intense molecule called amylopectin. Amylose burns slowly and is not very high in glucose, while amylopectin is a very dense starch molecule is actually made of 160,000 glucose molecules. Again, glucose is a fuel and is very useful but is not so healthy by itself. In terms of molecules a high starch meal is not a lot different than a bowl of sugar, except that the calories from starch just move into your bloodstream slower. Then there is sugar or sucrose. Sucrose is a disaccharide, or a double glucose molecule. It is difficult to get into this without getting technical, but think of sugar as something that makes your body more and more sensitive and addictive to every other carbohydrate that you eat. The more sugar you eat, the more your body will addict to these foods and the worse your body will respond to starches like flour, pasta and chips.
The rate at which the glucose from any food enters you bloodstream is described as its Glycemic Index. Below is a table of the Glycemic Index of some common foods. The Glycemic Index is a rating from 0-100, glucose having a rating or index of 100. The higher the Glycemic Index (GI) of a food, the faster the carbohydrates break down to glucose and enter your blood stream. More importantly, the higher the GI index, the more irritating and addicting it is to your body. Also, the higher the GI, the more likely it is to be a factor in high blood pressure, weight gain, kidney disease and diabetes.
Glycemic Index of Common Foods
A low GI rating is from 0 – 55, a moderate GI is from 55-70 and a high GI is anything above 70. If you are focused on your health or on weight loss it is best to choose foods that are below 70. If you like the odd parsnip or other high glycemic food, mix it with other foods that have a GI that is as low as possible and some healthy fats or oils.
|Apricots, dried||25||Cabbage||10||Kidney Beans||28|
|Pear, fresh||38||Mushrooms||10||Yellow Split Peas||32|
|Strawberries||39||Red Peppers||10||Long grain, White||44|
|Orange||40||Bean Sprouts||25||Potato Chips||54|
|Fresh Grapes||46||Green Peas||48||Brown Rice||55|
|Apricots, fresh||57||White Bread||73|
|Cantaloupe||65||Instant White Rice||85|
|Pineapple, fresh||66||Baked Potato||93|
Other factors on Glycemic Index
Depending on how you prepare your foods, you may make the Glycemic Index better or worse. For example a boiled potato has a GI of 56 and a baked potato has a GI of 93. Starches that are cooked in fats and oils typically reduce their GI by 10 or more points because they are absorbed much slower. Refined flour foods like white bread have GI over 70 and whole grain sourdough dough breads have a GI under 52. Also most processed cereals have a GI over 80 while most natural kinds of porridge are under 55.
There is another scale for Glycemic Index that uses a range from 0 – 140, with white bread measuring in at 100. As confusing as this can be, just make sure which scale is being used when researching the GI of a particular food.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>HTTPS 会变成跟踪功能，落后的 IE 反而幸免
现代浏览器的一项本来是为了保护隐私的安全功能有可能反而成为一种超级的跟踪器，除非你改用IE。
HTTP Strict Transport Security（HSTS）是帮助网站将用户从不安全的HTTP版本重定向到安全的HTTPS版本的一种机制。如果你访问的网站启用了HSTS，那么浏览器将会记住这一标记，确保你在未来每次访问该网站都会自动使用HTTPS连接。自动重定向功能能保护你的连接在访问期间不会被人拦截，但也可能会被恶意网站滥用，储存一个独一无二的数据跟踪你的浏览器。即使使用隐私模式，HSTS标记也会在网站之间共享。
在Google Chrome、Firefox 和Opera上，这个问题不那么严重，因为清空cookies会同时清空HSTS标记，但苹果设备则没有方法清空HSTS标记。
IE则不存在这个问题，因为它不支持HSTS。<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>وزارت دفاع آمريکا می گوید ۳۴۹ نفر از نظاميان آمريکا در سال ۲۰۱۲ ميلادی خودکشی کرده اند که اين رقم بيش از تعداد سربازان کشته شده در جنگ است.
۳۰۱ نظامی در سال ۲۰۱۱ ميلادی دست به خودکشی زدند. برخی از کارشناسان پیش بینی می کنند که اين تعداد حتی در سال جاری ميلادی بالاتر رود.
لئون پانتا، وزیر دفاع آمريکا، خودکشی در نیروهای مسلح را یک بیماری همه گیر نامیده است، روندی که وزارت دفاع آمريکا به طور کامل آنرا درک نمی کند و به نظر می رسد که قادر به کنترل آن نیست.
رهبران نظامی آمريکا پیشگیری از خودکشی را یکی از اولویت های خود قرار داده اند.
کارشناسان تا حدودی فشار و استفاده از الکل را عامل خودکشی می دانند. همچنین گفته می شود که بسیاری از سربازان، ملوانان و تفنگداران دریایی با آينده نامشخصی پس از پایان جنگ عراق و خروج از افغانستان در سال آینده روبرو هستند.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>هجدهمین مانور زلزله همزمان با سراسر کشور در مدارس شهرستان سامان با عنوان «مدرسه ایمن، جامعه تاب آور» برگزار شد.
به گزارش خبرنگار سامانِ بـرتـر، رئیس آموزش و پرورش شهرستان سامان روز دوشنبه در این آیین گفت: مانور زلزله همه ساله با هدف ترویج فرهنگ ایمنی و ارتقای توانمندی دانش آموزان برای مواجهه با بلایای طبیعی برگزار می شود.
محمد دهقانی در آیین برگزاری این مانور در هنرستان شهید ذبیحی سامان افزود: ترویج فرهنگ مقاوم سازی، افزایش ایمنی و کاهش تلفات و خسارت ناشی از زلزله و ایجاد آمادگی برای واکنش صحیح و سریع در برابر زلزله از اهداف این مانور است.
وی بیان کرد: آمادگی، آرامش، پناه گیری مناسب و خروج صحیح از مهمترین ارکان برای مقابله با حوادث در مواقع زلزله و بحران است.
رئیس آموزش و پرورش شهرستان سامان گفت: در این مانور راه های در امان ماندن از آسیب ها، نحوه مدیریت در زمان بحران، نحوه کمک رسانی به مصدومان و اقداماتی که قبل، بعد و پس از زلزله باید انجام شود با همکاری آموزش و پرورش، مدیریت فوریت های پزشکی، جمعیت هلال احمر، آتش نشانی و سازمان دانش آموزی به دانش آموزان آموزش داده می شود.
به گزارش سامانِ بـرتـر، مانور سراسری زلزله به صورت همزمان در 2 هزار و 400 مدرسه استان چهارمحال و بختیاری برگزار شد.
انتهای پیام/<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>Okul Servis Kontrolden Çıkıp Eve Girdi
ABD’nin Pennsylvania eyeletinde meydana gelen kaza ile ilgili polis geniş çaplı bir soruşturma başlattı. Saint Helena ilk okulunun 5 İle 12 yaş arası öğrencilerini taşıya n otobüsün nasıl eve girdiği konusu henüz aydınlığa kavuşmadı. Hafif yaralı olan öğrenci servisinin 58 yaşındaki kadın şöförü yakındaki bir hastaneye kaldırıldı.<|end_of_text|><|begin_of_text|>رژیم صهیونیستی را به رسمیت شناخته ..............کی ؟
با توجه به این که ایران یک مرتبه قبل از پیروزی انقلاب اسلامی، رژیم صهیونیستی را به رسمیت شناخته و شناسایی کرده است، آیا پس از آن می تواند ادعا کند که آن را به رسمیت نمی شناسد؟
پاسخ:
به عنوان مقدمه لازم است با فضایی که در آن فضا، شناسایی رژیم صهیونیستی از سوی ایران)قبل ازانقلاب) صورت پذیرفته است، آشنا شویم.
روابط خارجی ایران با کشورهای منطقه و خارج از منطقه، از جمله اعراب و اسرائیل قبل از انقلاب، متأثر از خط مشی کلی سیاست خارجی آمریکا و هم سو با آن بوده است. حتّی در مواردی که این روابط با ژئوپلتیک(1) ایران در تضاد بود، باز هم آن چه نقش تعیین کننده داشت، تأمین نظر آمریکا بود.
«قرابت جغرافیایی ایران با کشورهای عربی و وحدت عقیدتی بین مسلمین، ایجاب می کرد که ایران روابط خود را با کشورهای عربی مستحکم کند،(اما) برعکس، غیر از روابط نسبتاً خوب با عربستان ـ که ناشی از نظریه دو ستونی نیکسون و بر مبنای نظم دلخواه ایالات متحده بود، دولت ایران با کشورهای عربی، روابط چندان مساعدی برقرار نکرد.اما با اسرائیل که رژیمی معارض با این کشورها بود، روابطی دوستانه داشت. ایران در دی ماه 1328 : ژانویه ی 1950 : دولت اسرائیل را به صورت «دوفاکتو» به رسمیّت شناخت و به جز مقطع زمانی کوتاهِ زمام داری مصدق که کنسول گری ایران را در بیت المقدس منحل کرد، روابط ایران و اسرائیل روندی رو به رشد داشت.ایران در تحریم نفتی اعراب علیه رژیم صهیونیستی امکانات زیادی و از جمله فرودگاه های خود در خوزستان را در اختیار آمریکا قرار داد.
همکاری های اطلاعاتی سیا، موساد و ساواک، به عنوان مثلثی بود که محدوده خاورمیانه به ویژه کشورهای مصر، عراق و سوریه را پوشش می داد. تأثیرپذیری روابط ایران و اسرائیل از آمریکا به گونه ای بود که نوسان روابط آمریکا و رژیم صهیونیستی در اثر اجرای طرح راجرز که مبتنی بر باز پس گیری سرزمین های اشغالی اعراب در جنگ 1967م بود، بر روابط ایران و رژیم صهیونیستی نیز تأثیر گذاشت و با پذیرش این طرح از جانب ایران، روابط دو کشور تنزّل کرد. اما به طور کلی، روابط ایران و رژیم صهیونیستی به گونه ای بود که این کشور در سال 1979م در تهران سفارت خانه داشت».(2)
با سقوط رژیم پهلوی در بهمن 1375 : فوریه ی 1979 و پیروزی انقلاب اسلامی، سیاست تأثیرپذیری سیاستِ خارجی ایران از قدرت های بیگانه به خصوص آمریکا، جای خود را به سیاست نه شرقی و نه غربی داد.به طوری که در جریان انقلاب، مردم و رهبری ایران، آن طور که در سخنان و شعارهای خود منعکس می کردند، مشکلات داخلی کشور را ناشی از اعمال نفوذ خارجی، به ویژه ایالات متحده آمریکا می دانستند. پس از پیروزی انقلاب، شعارهایی نظیر «استقلال، آزادی، جمهوری اسلامی » جنبه عمل به خود گرفت و سیاست اعتراضی، به عنوان یک مشی سیاست خارجی به مرحله اجرا گذاشته شد. امام خمینی(ره) به عنوان رهبری انقلاب و بانی این سیاست در مصاحبه با هفته نامه آمریکایی «تایم»، در نهم آذر 1358، در تشریح این سیاست فرمودند:
«ما معادله جهانی و معیارهای اجتماعی و سیاسی که تا به حال به واسطه آن تمام مسائل جهان سنجیده می شده است را شکسته ایم. ما خود، چهارچوب جدیدی ساخته ایم که در آن، عدل را ملاک دفاع، و ظلم را ملاک حمله گرفته ایم. از هر عادلی دفاع می کنیم و بر هر ظالمی می تازیم... . ما این سنگ را بنا خواهیم گذاشت. امید است کسانی پیدا شوند که ساختمان بزرگ سازمان ملل و شورای امنیت و سایر سازمان ها و شوراها را بر این پایه بنا کنند».(3)
اکنون پس از ذکر مطالب مقدماتی، می توان در ردّ یا عدم شناسایی رژیم صهیونیستی از سوی جمهوری اسلامی ایران دلائل زیر ار بیان داشت:
1) پیروزی انقلاب اسلامی ایران، مطابق بند 2 ماده ی 1 و ماده ی 55 منشور ملل متحد، از مصادیق «اصل حق مردم در تعیین سرنوشت خود» می باشد که با توجه به آن، هر چند ایران قبل از انقلاب رژیم صهیونیستی را به رسمیت شناخته باشد
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