query_id string | query_text string | query_type string | context dict | gold_answer string | gold_claims list | gold_evidence list | hard_case_bucket string | ambiguity_label string | conflict_label string | freshness_requirement_days null | refusal_expected bool | split string | created_date timestamp[us] | notes string |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gg_3859c161 | What county contains the location (33.4418, -94.0377)? | boundary | {
"city": "Texarkana",
"state": "Texas",
"lat": 33.4418,
"lon": -94.0377,
"uncertainty_radius_m": 50
} | Bowie County, Texas | [
{
"claim_text": "Point (33.4418, -94.0377) is in Bowie County, Texas",
"claim_type": "boundary",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
}
] | [
{
"doc_id": "tiger_48037",
"url": "https://www.census.gov/geographies/mapping-files/time-series/geo/tiger-line-file.2024.html",
"source_type": "gis",
"passage_text": "TIGER/Line 2024 county boundaries: point (33.4418, -94.0377) intersects Bowie County, Texas (FIPS 48037). Distance to nearest boundar... | boundary_adjacent | unambiguous | none | null | true | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | City straddles TX-AR border. Distance to boundary: 45m. |
gg_e2f92e12 | What county contains the location (39.1142, -94.6275)? | boundary | {
"city": "Kansas City",
"state": "Kansas",
"lat": 39.1142,
"lon": -94.6275,
"uncertainty_radius_m": 50
} | Wyandotte County, Kansas | [
{
"claim_text": "Point (39.1142, -94.6275) is in Wyandotte County, Kansas",
"claim_type": "boundary",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
}
] | [
{
"doc_id": "tiger_20209",
"url": "https://www.census.gov/geographies/mapping-files/time-series/geo/tiger-line-file.2024.html",
"source_type": "gis",
"passage_text": "TIGER/Line 2024 county boundaries: point (39.1142, -94.6275) intersects Wyandotte County, Kansas (FIPS 20209). Distance to nearest bo... | boundary_adjacent | unambiguous | none | null | false | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Near state line with Missouri. Distance to boundary: 120m. |
gg_a8069f52 | What county contains the location (36.5951, -82.1887)? | boundary | {
"city": "Bristol",
"state": "Tennessee",
"lat": 36.5951,
"lon": -82.1887,
"uncertainty_radius_m": 50
} | Sullivan County, Tennessee | [
{
"claim_text": "Point (36.5951, -82.1887) is in Sullivan County, Tennessee",
"claim_type": "boundary",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
}
] | [
{
"doc_id": "tiger_47163",
"url": "https://www.census.gov/geographies/mapping-files/time-series/geo/tiger-line-file.2024.html",
"source_type": "gis",
"passage_text": "TIGER/Line 2024 county boundaries: point (36.5951, -82.1887) intersects Sullivan County, Tennessee (FIPS 47163). Distance to nearest ... | boundary_adjacent | unambiguous | none | null | true | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | State Street is the TN-VA dividing line. Distance to boundary: 30m. |
gg_460e16bd | What county contains the location (34.8526, -82.394)? | boundary | {
"city": "Greenville",
"state": "South Carolina",
"lat": 34.8526,
"lon": -82.394,
"uncertainty_radius_m": 50
} | Greenville County, South Carolina | [
{
"claim_text": "Point (34.8526, -82.394) is in Greenville County, South Carolina",
"claim_type": "boundary",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
}
] | [
{
"doc_id": "tiger_45045",
"url": "https://www.census.gov/geographies/mapping-files/time-series/geo/tiger-line-file.2024.html",
"source_type": "gis",
"passage_text": "TIGER/Line 2024 county boundaries: point (34.8526, -82.394) intersects Greenville County, South Carolina (FIPS 45045). Distance to ne... | boundary_adjacent | unambiguous | none | null | false | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Near Greenville-Pickens county line. Distance to boundary: 150m. |
gg_7449d174 | What county contains the location (32.5522, -117.0432)? | boundary | {
"city": "South San Diego",
"state": "California",
"lat": 32.5522,
"lon": -117.0432,
"uncertainty_radius_m": 50
} | San Diego County, California | [
{
"claim_text": "Point (32.5522, -117.0432) is in San Diego County, California",
"claim_type": "boundary",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
}
] | [
{
"doc_id": "tiger_06073",
"url": "https://www.census.gov/geographies/mapping-files/time-series/geo/tiger-line-file.2024.html",
"source_type": "gis",
"passage_text": "TIGER/Line 2024 county boundaries: point (32.5522, -117.0432) intersects San Diego County, California (FIPS 06073). Distance to neare... | boundary_adjacent | unambiguous | none | null | false | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Near US-Mexico border. Distance to boundary: 250m. |
gg_c875f5f1 | What county contains the location (41.9032, -87.6403)? | boundary | {
"city": "North Chicago",
"state": "Illinois",
"lat": 41.9032,
"lon": -87.6403,
"uncertainty_radius_m": 50
} | Cook County, Illinois | [
{
"claim_text": "Point (41.9032, -87.6403) is in Cook County, Illinois",
"claim_type": "boundary",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
}
] | [
{
"doc_id": "tiger_17031",
"url": "https://www.census.gov/geographies/mapping-files/time-series/geo/tiger-line-file.2024.html",
"source_type": "gis",
"passage_text": "TIGER/Line 2024 county boundaries: point (41.9032, -87.6403) intersects Cook County, Illinois (FIPS 17031). Distance to nearest bound... | boundary_adjacent | unambiguous | none | null | false | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Interior point, far from boundary. Distance to boundary: 500m. |
gg_591a4150 | What county contains the location (39.9526, -75.1652)? | boundary | {
"city": "Central Philadelphia",
"state": "Pennsylvania",
"lat": 39.9526,
"lon": -75.1652,
"uncertainty_radius_m": 50
} | Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania | [
{
"claim_text": "Point (39.9526, -75.1652) is in Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania",
"claim_type": "boundary",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
}
] | [
{
"doc_id": "tiger_42101",
"url": "https://www.census.gov/geographies/mapping-files/time-series/geo/tiger-line-file.2024.html",
"source_type": "gis",
"passage_text": "TIGER/Line 2024 county boundaries: point (39.9526, -75.1652) intersects Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania (FIPS 42101). Distance to n... | boundary_adjacent | unambiguous | none | null | false | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Philadelphia County = City of Philadelphia. Distance to boundary: 350m. |
gg_937b238e | What county contains the location (40.8448, -73.8648)? | boundary | {
"city": "North Bronx",
"state": "New York",
"lat": 40.8448,
"lon": -73.8648,
"uncertainty_radius_m": 50
} | Bronx County, New York | [
{
"claim_text": "Point (40.8448, -73.8648) is in Bronx County, New York",
"claim_type": "boundary",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
}
] | [
{
"doc_id": "tiger_36005",
"url": "https://www.census.gov/geographies/mapping-files/time-series/geo/tiger-line-file.2024.html",
"source_type": "gis",
"passage_text": "TIGER/Line 2024 county boundaries: point (40.8448, -73.8648) intersects Bronx County, New York (FIPS 36005). Distance to nearest boun... | boundary_adjacent | unambiguous | none | null | false | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Bronx = Bronx County. Distance to boundary: 150m. |
gg_44b469be | What county contains the location (40.6437, -74.0765)? | boundary | {
"city": "Staten Island",
"state": "New York",
"lat": 40.6437,
"lon": -74.0765,
"uncertainty_radius_m": 50
} | Richmond County, New York | [
{
"claim_text": "Point (40.6437, -74.0765) is in Richmond County, New York",
"claim_type": "boundary",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
}
] | [
{
"doc_id": "tiger_36085",
"url": "https://www.census.gov/geographies/mapping-files/time-series/geo/tiger-line-file.2024.html",
"source_type": "gis",
"passage_text": "TIGER/Line 2024 county boundaries: point (40.6437, -74.0765) intersects Richmond County, New York (FIPS 36085). Distance to nearest b... | boundary_adjacent | unambiguous | none | null | false | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Staten Island = Richmond County. Distance to boundary: 300m. |
gg_e39cdf05 | What county contains the location (40.7831, -73.9712)? | boundary | {
"city": "Upper Manhattan",
"state": "New York",
"lat": 40.7831,
"lon": -73.9712,
"uncertainty_radius_m": 50
} | New York County, New York | [
{
"claim_text": "Point (40.7831, -73.9712) is in New York County, New York",
"claim_type": "boundary",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
}
] | [
{
"doc_id": "tiger_36061",
"url": "https://www.census.gov/geographies/mapping-files/time-series/geo/tiger-line-file.2024.html",
"source_type": "gis",
"passage_text": "TIGER/Line 2024 county boundaries: point (40.7831, -73.9712) intersects New York County, New York (FIPS 36061). Distance to nearest b... | boundary_adjacent | unambiguous | none | null | false | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Manhattan = New York County. Distance to boundary: 180m. |
gg_f1c9e261 | What county contains the location (43.0962, -79.0377)? | boundary | {
"city": "Niagara Falls",
"state": "New York",
"lat": 43.0962,
"lon": -79.0377,
"uncertainty_radius_m": 50
} | Niagara County, New York | [
{
"claim_text": "Point (43.0962, -79.0377) is in Niagara County, New York",
"claim_type": "boundary",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
}
] | [
{
"doc_id": "tiger_36063",
"url": "https://www.census.gov/geographies/mapping-files/time-series/geo/tiger-line-file.2024.html",
"source_type": "gis",
"passage_text": "TIGER/Line 2024 county boundaries: point (43.0962, -79.0377) intersects Niagara County, New York (FIPS 36063). Distance to nearest bo... | boundary_adjacent | unambiguous | none | null | false | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | On US-Canada border. Distance to boundary: 60m. |
gg_c22ff257 | What county contains the location (42.3314, -83.0458)? | boundary | {
"city": "Detroit",
"state": "Michigan",
"lat": 42.3314,
"lon": -83.0458,
"uncertainty_radius_m": 50
} | Wayne County, Michigan | [
{
"claim_text": "Point (42.3314, -83.0458) is in Wayne County, Michigan",
"claim_type": "boundary",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
}
] | [
{
"doc_id": "tiger_26163",
"url": "https://www.census.gov/geographies/mapping-files/time-series/geo/tiger-line-file.2024.html",
"source_type": "gis",
"passage_text": "TIGER/Line 2024 county boundaries: point (42.3314, -83.0458) intersects Wayne County, Michigan (FIPS 26163). Distance to nearest boun... | boundary_adjacent | unambiguous | none | null | false | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | On Detroit River; Windsor, ON across. Distance to boundary: 150m. |
gg_bd0c373d | What county contains the location (48.9936, -122.7467)? | boundary | {
"city": "Blaine",
"state": "Washington",
"lat": 48.9936,
"lon": -122.7467,
"uncertainty_radius_m": 50
} | Whatcom County, Washington | [
{
"claim_text": "Point (48.9936, -122.7467) is in Whatcom County, Washington",
"claim_type": "boundary",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
}
] | [
{
"doc_id": "tiger_53073",
"url": "https://www.census.gov/geographies/mapping-files/time-series/geo/tiger-line-file.2024.html",
"source_type": "gis",
"passage_text": "TIGER/Line 2024 county boundaries: point (48.9936, -122.7467) intersects Whatcom County, Washington (FIPS 53073). Distance to nearest... | boundary_adjacent | unambiguous | none | null | true | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Peace Arch border crossing. Distance to boundary: 40m. |
gg_8ca550ca | What county contains the location (38.2542, -85.7594)? | boundary | {
"city": "Louisville",
"state": "Kentucky",
"lat": 38.2542,
"lon": -85.7594,
"uncertainty_radius_m": 50
} | Jefferson County, Kentucky | [
{
"claim_text": "Point (38.2542, -85.7594) is in Jefferson County, Kentucky",
"claim_type": "boundary",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
}
] | [
{
"doc_id": "tiger_21111",
"url": "https://www.census.gov/geographies/mapping-files/time-series/geo/tiger-line-file.2024.html",
"source_type": "gis",
"passage_text": "TIGER/Line 2024 county boundaries: point (38.2542, -85.7594) intersects Jefferson County, Kentucky (FIPS 21111). Distance to nearest ... | boundary_adjacent | unambiguous | none | null | false | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | On Ohio River; Indiana across. Distance to boundary: 180m. |
gg_0eceadd8 | What county contains the location (39.1031, -84.512)? | boundary | {
"city": "Cincinnati",
"state": "Ohio",
"lat": 39.1031,
"lon": -84.512,
"uncertainty_radius_m": 50
} | Hamilton County, Ohio | [
{
"claim_text": "Point (39.1031, -84.512) is in Hamilton County, Ohio",
"claim_type": "boundary",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
}
] | [
{
"doc_id": "tiger_39061",
"url": "https://www.census.gov/geographies/mapping-files/time-series/geo/tiger-line-file.2024.html",
"source_type": "gis",
"passage_text": "TIGER/Line 2024 county boundaries: point (39.1031, -84.512) intersects Hamilton County, Ohio (FIPS 39061). Distance to nearest bounda... | boundary_adjacent | unambiguous | none | null | false | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | On Ohio River; Kentucky across. Distance to boundary: 220m. |
gg_3519690b | What county contains the location (45.5152, -122.6784)? | boundary | {
"city": "Portland",
"state": "Oregon",
"lat": 45.5152,
"lon": -122.6784,
"uncertainty_radius_m": 50
} | Multnomah County, Oregon | [
{
"claim_text": "Point (45.5152, -122.6784) is in Multnomah County, Oregon",
"claim_type": "boundary",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
}
] | [
{
"doc_id": "tiger_41051",
"url": "https://www.census.gov/geographies/mapping-files/time-series/geo/tiger-line-file.2024.html",
"source_type": "gis",
"passage_text": "TIGER/Line 2024 county boundaries: point (45.5152, -122.6784) intersects Multnomah County, Oregon (FIPS 41051). Distance to nearest b... | boundary_adjacent | unambiguous | none | null | false | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Columbia River = OR-WA border. Distance to boundary: 280m. |
gg_0e5fc4a1 | What county contains the location (39.7391, -75.5398)? | boundary | {
"city": "Wilmington",
"state": "Delaware",
"lat": 39.7391,
"lon": -75.5398,
"uncertainty_radius_m": 50
} | New Castle County, Delaware | [
{
"claim_text": "Point (39.7391, -75.5398) is in New Castle County, Delaware",
"claim_type": "boundary",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
}
] | [
{
"doc_id": "tiger_10003",
"url": "https://www.census.gov/geographies/mapping-files/time-series/geo/tiger-line-file.2024.html",
"source_type": "gis",
"passage_text": "TIGER/Line 2024 county boundaries: point (39.7391, -75.5398) intersects New Castle County, Delaware (FIPS 10003). Distance to nearest... | boundary_adjacent | unambiguous | none | null | false | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Near PA, NJ, MD borders. Distance to boundary: 130m. |
gg_d4a12875 | What county contains the location (40.7357, -74.1724)? | boundary | {
"city": "Newark",
"state": "New Jersey",
"lat": 40.7357,
"lon": -74.1724,
"uncertainty_radius_m": 50
} | Essex County, New Jersey | [
{
"claim_text": "Point (40.7357, -74.1724) is in Essex County, New Jersey",
"claim_type": "boundary",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
}
] | [
{
"doc_id": "tiger_34013",
"url": "https://www.census.gov/geographies/mapping-files/time-series/geo/tiger-line-file.2024.html",
"source_type": "gis",
"passage_text": "TIGER/Line 2024 county boundaries: point (40.7357, -74.1724) intersects Essex County, New Jersey (FIPS 34013). Distance to nearest bo... | boundary_adjacent | unambiguous | none | null | false | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Near NY border. Distance to boundary: 320m. |
gg_ea5c30e4 | What county contains the location (25.9017, -97.4975)? | boundary | {
"city": "Brownsville",
"state": "Texas",
"lat": 25.9017,
"lon": -97.4975,
"uncertainty_radius_m": 50
} | Cameron County, Texas | [
{
"claim_text": "Point (25.9017, -97.4975) is in Cameron County, Texas",
"claim_type": "boundary",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
}
] | [
{
"doc_id": "tiger_48061",
"url": "https://www.census.gov/geographies/mapping-files/time-series/geo/tiger-line-file.2024.html",
"source_type": "gis",
"passage_text": "TIGER/Line 2024 county boundaries: point (25.9017, -97.4975) intersects Cameron County, Texas (FIPS 48061). Distance to nearest bound... | boundary_adjacent | unambiguous | none | null | false | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Southernmost county in Texas. Distance to boundary: 55m. |
gg_9097c960 | What county contains the location (32.6789, -115.4989)? | boundary | {
"city": "Calexico",
"state": "California",
"lat": 32.6789,
"lon": -115.4989,
"uncertainty_radius_m": 50
} | Imperial County, California | [
{
"claim_text": "Point (32.6789, -115.4989) is in Imperial County, California",
"claim_type": "boundary",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
}
] | [
{
"doc_id": "tiger_06025",
"url": "https://www.census.gov/geographies/mapping-files/time-series/geo/tiger-line-file.2024.html",
"source_type": "gis",
"passage_text": "TIGER/Line 2024 county boundaries: point (32.6789, -115.4989) intersects Imperial County, California (FIPS 06025). Distance to neares... | boundary_adjacent | unambiguous | none | null | true | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Sister city to Mexicali, Mexico. Distance to boundary: 45m. |
gg_c0947c60 | What county contains the location (32.6927, -114.6277)? | boundary | {
"city": "Yuma",
"state": "Arizona",
"lat": 32.6927,
"lon": -114.6277,
"uncertainty_radius_m": 50
} | Yuma County, Arizona | [
{
"claim_text": "Point (32.6927, -114.6277) is in Yuma County, Arizona",
"claim_type": "boundary",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
}
] | [
{
"doc_id": "tiger_04027",
"url": "https://www.census.gov/geographies/mapping-files/time-series/geo/tiger-line-file.2024.html",
"source_type": "gis",
"passage_text": "TIGER/Line 2024 county boundaries: point (32.6927, -114.6277) intersects Yuma County, Arizona (FIPS 04027). Distance to nearest bound... | boundary_adjacent | unambiguous | none | null | false | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Near CA border and Mexico. Distance to boundary: 95m. |
gg_2a0c01ef | What county contains the location (46.8772, -96.7898)? | boundary | {
"city": "Fargo",
"state": "North Dakota",
"lat": 46.8772,
"lon": -96.7898,
"uncertainty_radius_m": 50
} | Cass County, North Dakota | [
{
"claim_text": "Point (46.8772, -96.7898) is in Cass County, North Dakota",
"claim_type": "boundary",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
}
] | [
{
"doc_id": "tiger_38017",
"url": "https://www.census.gov/geographies/mapping-files/time-series/geo/tiger-line-file.2024.html",
"source_type": "gis",
"passage_text": "TIGER/Line 2024 county boundaries: point (46.8772, -96.7898) intersects Cass County, North Dakota (FIPS 38017). Distance to nearest b... | boundary_adjacent | unambiguous | none | null | false | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Red River = ND-MN border. Distance to boundary: 110m. |
gg_5716cc11 | What county contains the location (40.7795, -74.0324)? | boundary | {
"city": "Union City",
"state": "New Jersey",
"lat": 40.7795,
"lon": -74.0324,
"uncertainty_radius_m": 50
} | Hudson County, New Jersey | [
{
"claim_text": "Point (40.7795, -74.0324) is in Hudson County, New Jersey",
"claim_type": "boundary",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
}
] | [
{
"doc_id": "tiger_34017",
"url": "https://www.census.gov/geographies/mapping-files/time-series/geo/tiger-line-file.2024.html",
"source_type": "gis",
"passage_text": "TIGER/Line 2024 county boundaries: point (40.7795, -74.0324) intersects Hudson County, New Jersey (FIPS 34017). Distance to nearest b... | boundary_adjacent | unambiguous | none | null | false | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Across Hudson River from Manhattan. Distance to boundary: 200m. |
gg_a1173dbd | What county contains the location (38.6554, -90.3009)? | boundary | {
"city": "St. Louis",
"state": "Missouri",
"lat": 38.6554,
"lon": -90.3009,
"uncertainty_radius_m": 50
} | St. Louis City, Missouri | [
{
"claim_text": "Point (38.6554, -90.3009) is in St. Louis City, Missouri",
"claim_type": "boundary",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
}
] | [
{
"doc_id": "tiger_29510",
"url": "https://www.census.gov/geographies/mapping-files/time-series/geo/tiger-line-file.2024.html",
"source_type": "gis",
"passage_text": "TIGER/Line 2024 county boundaries: point (38.6554, -90.3009) intersects St. Louis City, Missouri (FIPS 29510). Distance to nearest bo... | boundary_adjacent | unambiguous | none | null | false | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Independent city; not in St. Louis County. Distance to boundary: 75m. |
gg_dfdb4c95 | What county contains the location (40.2206, -74.7597)? | boundary | {
"city": "Trenton",
"state": "New Jersey",
"lat": 40.2206,
"lon": -74.7597,
"uncertainty_radius_m": 50
} | Mercer County, New Jersey | [
{
"claim_text": "Point (40.2206, -74.7597) is in Mercer County, New Jersey",
"claim_type": "boundary",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
}
] | [
{
"doc_id": "tiger_34021",
"url": "https://www.census.gov/geographies/mapping-files/time-series/geo/tiger-line-file.2024.html",
"source_type": "gis",
"passage_text": "TIGER/Line 2024 county boundaries: point (40.2206, -74.7597) intersects Mercer County, New Jersey (FIPS 34021). Distance to nearest b... | boundary_adjacent | unambiguous | none | null | false | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | On Delaware River; PA across. Distance to boundary: 140m. |
gg_e0b2acc5 | What county contains the location (40.769, -74.0146)? | boundary | {
"city": "Weehawken",
"state": "New Jersey",
"lat": 40.769,
"lon": -74.0146,
"uncertainty_radius_m": 50
} | Hudson County, New Jersey | [
{
"claim_text": "Point (40.769, -74.0146) is in Hudson County, New Jersey",
"claim_type": "boundary",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
}
] | [
{
"doc_id": "tiger_34017",
"url": "https://www.census.gov/geographies/mapping-files/time-series/geo/tiger-line-file.2024.html",
"source_type": "gis",
"passage_text": "TIGER/Line 2024 county boundaries: point (40.769, -74.0146) intersects Hudson County, New Jersey (FIPS 34017). Distance to nearest bo... | boundary_adjacent | unambiguous | none | null | false | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Directly across from Manhattan. Distance to boundary: 85m. |
gg_e17af4a0 | What county contains the location (42.3118, -83.0756)? | boundary | {
"city": "SW Detroit",
"state": "Michigan",
"lat": 42.3118,
"lon": -83.0756,
"uncertainty_radius_m": 50
} | Wayne County, Michigan | [
{
"claim_text": "Point (42.3118, -83.0756) is in Wayne County, Michigan",
"claim_type": "boundary",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
}
] | [
{
"doc_id": "tiger_26163",
"url": "https://www.census.gov/geographies/mapping-files/time-series/geo/tiger-line-file.2024.html",
"source_type": "gis",
"passage_text": "TIGER/Line 2024 county boundaries: point (42.3118, -83.0756) intersects Wayne County, Michigan (FIPS 26163). Distance to nearest boun... | boundary_adjacent | unambiguous | none | null | false | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Near Ambassador Bridge to Canada. Distance to boundary: 120m. |
gg_af35163a | What county contains the location (33.4255, -111.94)? | boundary | {
"city": "Tempe",
"state": "Arizona",
"lat": 33.4255,
"lon": -111.94,
"uncertainty_radius_m": 50
} | Maricopa County, Arizona | [
{
"claim_text": "Point (33.4255, -111.94) is in Maricopa County, Arizona",
"claim_type": "boundary",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
}
] | [
{
"doc_id": "tiger_04013",
"url": "https://www.census.gov/geographies/mapping-files/time-series/geo/tiger-line-file.2024.html",
"source_type": "gis",
"passage_text": "TIGER/Line 2024 county boundaries: point (33.4255, -111.94) intersects Maricopa County, Arizona (FIPS 04013). Distance to nearest bou... | boundary_adjacent | unambiguous | none | null | false | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Interior point in Phoenix metro. Distance to boundary: 400m. |
gg_3a43510a | What county is Springfield in? | place_disambiguation | {
"city": "Springfield",
"state": null,
"lat": null,
"lon": null,
"uncertainty_radius_m": null
} | NEEDS CLARIFICATION: 'Springfield' has 34 matches in GNIS. Which Springfield? Please specify state (e.g., IL, MA, MO, OH, OR). | [
{
"claim_text": "'Springfield' is ambiguous with 34 GNIS matches",
"claim_type": "disambiguation",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "System should ask: Which Springfield? Please specify state (e.g., IL, MA, MO, OH, OR).",
"claim_type": "expected_behavior",
"evidence_doc_ids": []... | [
{
"doc_id": "gnis_springfield",
"url": "https://geonames.usgs.gov/apex/f?p=gnispq:3:::NO::P3_FID,P3_TITLE:Springfield,Feature%20Query",
"source_type": "official",
"passage_text": "GNIS query [feature_name=Springfield&feature_class=Populated Place] returned 34 matches. Top 5: Springfield, IL (Sangamo... | ambiguous_name | needs_clarification | none | null | true | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Most common US city name; exists in 34 states |
gg_78c404ae | What county is Franklin in? | place_disambiguation | {
"city": "Franklin",
"state": null,
"lat": null,
"lon": null,
"uncertainty_radius_m": null
} | NEEDS CLARIFICATION: 'Franklin' has 31 matches in GNIS. Which Franklin? Please specify state (e.g., TN, IN, MA, WI, OH). | [
{
"claim_text": "'Franklin' is ambiguous with 31 GNIS matches",
"claim_type": "disambiguation",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "System should ask: Which Franklin? Please specify state (e.g., TN, IN, MA, WI, OH).",
"claim_type": "expected_behavior",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
}
] | [
{
"doc_id": "gnis_franklin",
"url": "https://geonames.usgs.gov/apex/f?p=gnispq:3:::NO::P3_FID,P3_TITLE:Franklin,Feature%20Query",
"source_type": "official",
"passage_text": "GNIS query [feature_name=Franklin&feature_class=Populated Place] returned 31 matches. Top 5: Franklin, TN (Williamson County, ... | ambiguous_name | needs_clarification | none | null | true | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Named after Benjamin Franklin; 31 states |
gg_3f57deb8 | What is the population of Washington? | place_disambiguation | {
"city": "Washington",
"state": null,
"lat": null,
"lon": null,
"uncertainty_radius_m": null
} | NEEDS CLARIFICATION: 'Washington' has 88 matches in GNIS. Which Washington? State, DC, or city? Please specify. | [
{
"claim_text": "'Washington' is ambiguous with 88 GNIS matches",
"claim_type": "disambiguation",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "System should ask: Which Washington? State, DC, or city? Please specify.",
"claim_type": "expected_behavior",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
}
] | [
{
"doc_id": "gnis_washington",
"url": "https://geonames.usgs.gov/apex/f?p=gnispq:3:::NO::P3_FID,P3_TITLE:Washington,Feature%20Query",
"source_type": "official",
"passage_text": "GNIS query [feature_name=Washington&feature_class=Populated Place] returned 88 matches. Top 5: Washington, DC (District of... | ambiguous_name | needs_clarification | none | null | true | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Most ambiguous: state, DC, 88+ cities/townships |
gg_9140e390 | What county is Clinton in? | place_disambiguation | {
"city": "Clinton",
"state": null,
"lat": null,
"lon": null,
"uncertainty_radius_m": null
} | NEEDS CLARIFICATION: 'Clinton' has 29 matches in GNIS. Which Clinton? Please specify state (e.g., IA, MS, MD, MA, SC). | [
{
"claim_text": "'Clinton' is ambiguous with 29 GNIS matches",
"claim_type": "disambiguation",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "System should ask: Which Clinton? Please specify state (e.g., IA, MS, MD, MA, SC).",
"claim_type": "expected_behavior",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
}
] | [
{
"doc_id": "gnis_clinton",
"url": "https://geonames.usgs.gov/apex/f?p=gnispq:3:::NO::P3_FID,P3_TITLE:Clinton,Feature%20Query",
"source_type": "official",
"passage_text": "GNIS query [feature_name=Clinton&feature_class=Populated Place] returned 29 matches. Top 5: Clinton, IA (Clinton County, GNIS:46... | ambiguous_name | needs_clarification | none | null | true | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Named after various Clintons in US history |
gg_17b6d035 | What county is Georgetown in? | place_disambiguation | {
"city": "Georgetown",
"state": null,
"lat": null,
"lon": null,
"uncertainty_radius_m": null
} | NEEDS CLARIFICATION: 'Georgetown' has 25 matches in GNIS. Which Georgetown? Please specify state (e.g., TX, KY, SC, DE, CO). | [
{
"claim_text": "'Georgetown' is ambiguous with 25 GNIS matches",
"claim_type": "disambiguation",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "System should ask: Which Georgetown? Please specify state (e.g., TX, KY, SC, DE, CO).",
"claim_type": "expected_behavior",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
... | [
{
"doc_id": "gnis_georgetown",
"url": "https://geonames.usgs.gov/apex/f?p=gnispq:3:::NO::P3_FID,P3_TITLE:Georgetown,Feature%20Query",
"source_type": "official",
"passage_text": "GNIS query [feature_name=Georgetown&feature_class=Populated Place] returned 25 matches. Top 5: Georgetown, TX (Williamson ... | ambiguous_name | needs_clarification | none | null | true | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Also a DC neighborhood (different feature class) |
gg_bea18f11 | What is Salem known for? | place_disambiguation | {
"city": "Salem",
"state": null,
"lat": null,
"lon": null,
"uncertainty_radius_m": null
} | NEEDS CLARIFICATION: 'Salem' has 26 matches in GNIS. Which Salem? Please specify state (e.g., OR, MA, VA, NH, OH). | [
{
"claim_text": "'Salem' is ambiguous with 26 GNIS matches",
"claim_type": "disambiguation",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "System should ask: Which Salem? Please specify state (e.g., OR, MA, VA, NH, OH).",
"claim_type": "expected_behavior",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
}
] | [
{
"doc_id": "gnis_salem",
"url": "https://geonames.usgs.gov/apex/f?p=gnispq:3:::NO::P3_FID,P3_TITLE:Salem,Feature%20Query",
"source_type": "official",
"passage_text": "GNIS query [feature_name=Salem&feature_class=Populated Place] returned 26 matches. Top 5: Salem, OR (Marion County, GNIS:1166618); S... | ambiguous_name | needs_clarification | none | null | true | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Oregon capital; Massachusetts witch trials city |
gg_76827701 | What county is Bristol in? | place_disambiguation | {
"city": "Bristol",
"state": null,
"lat": null,
"lon": null,
"uncertainty_radius_m": null
} | NEEDS CLARIFICATION: 'Bristol' has 21 matches in GNIS. Which Bristol? Please specify state (e.g., CT, TN, VA, PA, RI). | [
{
"claim_text": "'Bristol' is ambiguous with 21 GNIS matches",
"claim_type": "disambiguation",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "System should ask: Which Bristol? Please specify state (e.g., CT, TN, VA, PA, RI).",
"claim_type": "expected_behavior",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
}
] | [
{
"doc_id": "gnis_bristol",
"url": "https://geonames.usgs.gov/apex/f?p=gnispq:3:::NO::P3_FID,P3_TITLE:Bristol,Feature%20Query",
"source_type": "official",
"passage_text": "GNIS query [feature_name=Bristol&feature_class=Populated Place] returned 21 matches. Top 5: Bristol, CT (Hartford County, GNIS:2... | ambiguous_name | needs_clarification | none | null | true | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Bristol TN/VA are twin cities on state line |
gg_8610a9f2 | What county is Richmond in? | place_disambiguation | {
"city": "Richmond",
"state": null,
"lat": null,
"lon": null,
"uncertainty_radius_m": null
} | NEEDS CLARIFICATION: 'Richmond' has 19 matches in GNIS. Which Richmond? Please specify state (e.g., VA, CA, IN, KY, TX). | [
{
"claim_text": "'Richmond' is ambiguous with 19 GNIS matches",
"claim_type": "disambiguation",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "System should ask: Which Richmond? Please specify state (e.g., VA, CA, IN, KY, TX).",
"claim_type": "expected_behavior",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
}
] | [
{
"doc_id": "gnis_richmond",
"url": "https://geonames.usgs.gov/apex/f?p=gnispq:3:::NO::P3_FID,P3_TITLE:Richmond,Feature%20Query",
"source_type": "official",
"passage_text": "GNIS query [feature_name=Richmond&feature_class=Populated Place] returned 19 matches. Top 5: Richmond, VA (Richmond (Independe... | ambiguous_name | needs_clarification | none | null | true | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Virginia capital; Staten Island = Richmond County NY |
gg_1f9c29ac | What is Portland known for? | place_disambiguation | {
"city": "Portland",
"state": null,
"lat": null,
"lon": null,
"uncertainty_radius_m": null
} | NEEDS CLARIFICATION: 'Portland' has 21 matches in GNIS. Which Portland? OR (largest) or ME, or another state? | [
{
"claim_text": "'Portland' is ambiguous with 21 GNIS matches",
"claim_type": "disambiguation",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "System should ask: Which Portland? OR (largest) or ME, or another state?",
"claim_type": "expected_behavior",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
}
] | [
{
"doc_id": "gnis_portland",
"url": "https://geonames.usgs.gov/apex/f?p=gnispq:3:::NO::P3_FID,P3_TITLE:Portland,Feature%20Query",
"source_type": "official",
"passage_text": "GNIS query [feature_name=Portland&feature_class=Populated Place] returned 21 matches. Top 5: Portland, OR (Multnomah County, G... | ambiguous_name | needs_clarification | none | null | true | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Oregon vs Maine confusion is common |
gg_8853747a | What is the population of Columbia? | place_disambiguation | {
"city": "Columbia",
"state": null,
"lat": null,
"lon": null,
"uncertainty_radius_m": null
} | NEEDS CLARIFICATION: 'Columbia' has 24 matches in GNIS. Which Columbia? Please specify state (e.g., SC, MO, MD, TN, PA). | [
{
"claim_text": "'Columbia' is ambiguous with 24 GNIS matches",
"claim_type": "disambiguation",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "System should ask: Which Columbia? Please specify state (e.g., SC, MO, MD, TN, PA).",
"claim_type": "expected_behavior",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
}
] | [
{
"doc_id": "gnis_columbia",
"url": "https://geonames.usgs.gov/apex/f?p=gnispq:3:::NO::P3_FID,P3_TITLE:Columbia,Feature%20Query",
"source_type": "official",
"passage_text": "GNIS query [feature_name=Columbia&feature_class=Populated Place] returned 24 matches. Top 5: Columbia, SC (Richland County, GN... | ambiguous_name | needs_clarification | none | null | true | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | South Carolina capital; DC also uses Columbia |
gg_316d56f9 | What county is Chester in? | place_disambiguation | {
"city": "Chester",
"state": null,
"lat": null,
"lon": null,
"uncertainty_radius_m": null
} | NEEDS CLARIFICATION: 'Chester' has 20 matches in GNIS. Which Chester? Please specify state (e.g., PA, VA, SC, NY, CT). | [
{
"claim_text": "'Chester' is ambiguous with 20 GNIS matches",
"claim_type": "disambiguation",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "System should ask: Which Chester? Please specify state (e.g., PA, VA, SC, NY, CT).",
"claim_type": "expected_behavior",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
}
] | [
{
"doc_id": "gnis_chester",
"url": "https://geonames.usgs.gov/apex/f?p=gnispq:3:::NO::P3_FID,P3_TITLE:Chester,Feature%20Query",
"source_type": "official",
"passage_text": "GNIS query [feature_name=Chester&feature_class=Populated Place] returned 20 matches. Top 5: Chester, PA (Delaware County, GNIS:1... | ambiguous_name | needs_clarification | none | null | true | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Chester PA is oldest city in Pennsylvania |
gg_1f8969c2 | What is Auburn known for? | place_disambiguation | {
"city": "Auburn",
"state": null,
"lat": null,
"lon": null,
"uncertainty_radius_m": null
} | NEEDS CLARIFICATION: 'Auburn' has 23 matches in GNIS. Which Auburn? AL (university), WA, NY, CA, or ME? | [
{
"claim_text": "'Auburn' is ambiguous with 23 GNIS matches",
"claim_type": "disambiguation",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "System should ask: Which Auburn? AL (university), WA, NY, CA, or ME?",
"claim_type": "expected_behavior",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
}
] | [
{
"doc_id": "gnis_auburn",
"url": "https://geonames.usgs.gov/apex/f?p=gnispq:3:::NO::P3_FID,P3_TITLE:Auburn,Feature%20Query",
"source_type": "official",
"passage_text": "GNIS query [feature_name=Auburn&feature_class=Populated Place] returned 23 matches. Top 5: Auburn, AL (Lee County, GNIS:151775); A... | ambiguous_name | needs_clarification | none | null | true | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Auburn University is in Alabama |
gg_74146117 | What county is Riverside in? | place_disambiguation | {
"city": "Riverside",
"state": null,
"lat": null,
"lon": null,
"uncertainty_radius_m": null
} | NEEDS CLARIFICATION: 'Riverside' has 24 matches in GNIS. Which Riverside? Please specify state (e.g., CA, OH, NJ, IL, MO). | [
{
"claim_text": "'Riverside' is ambiguous with 24 GNIS matches",
"claim_type": "disambiguation",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "System should ask: Which Riverside? Please specify state (e.g., CA, OH, NJ, IL, MO).",
"claim_type": "expected_behavior",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
}... | [
{
"doc_id": "gnis_riverside",
"url": "https://geonames.usgs.gov/apex/f?p=gnispq:3:::NO::P3_FID,P3_TITLE:Riverside,Feature%20Query",
"source_type": "official",
"passage_text": "GNIS query [feature_name=Riverside&feature_class=Populated Place] returned 24 matches. Top 5: Riverside, CA (Riverside Count... | ambiguous_name | needs_clarification | none | null | true | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | California city is the largest |
gg_3f4f5c92 | What is the population of Greenville? | place_disambiguation | {
"city": "Greenville",
"state": null,
"lat": null,
"lon": null,
"uncertainty_radius_m": null
} | NEEDS CLARIFICATION: 'Greenville' has 28 matches in GNIS. Which Greenville? Please specify state (e.g., SC, NC, MS, TX, OH). | [
{
"claim_text": "'Greenville' is ambiguous with 28 GNIS matches",
"claim_type": "disambiguation",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "System should ask: Which Greenville? Please specify state (e.g., SC, NC, MS, TX, OH).",
"claim_type": "expected_behavior",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
... | [
{
"doc_id": "gnis_greenville",
"url": "https://geonames.usgs.gov/apex/f?p=gnispq:3:::NO::P3_FID,P3_TITLE:Greenville,Feature%20Query",
"source_type": "official",
"passage_text": "GNIS query [feature_name=Greenville&feature_class=Populated Place] returned 28 matches. Top 5: Greenville, SC (Greenville ... | ambiguous_name | needs_clarification | none | null | true | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Multiple large cities with this name |
gg_de87b524 | What county is Jacksonville in? | place_disambiguation | {
"city": "Jacksonville",
"state": null,
"lat": null,
"lon": null,
"uncertainty_radius_m": null
} | NEEDS CLARIFICATION: 'Jacksonville' has 21 matches in GNIS. Which Jacksonville? Please specify state (e.g., FL, NC, IL, TX, AR). | [
{
"claim_text": "'Jacksonville' is ambiguous with 21 GNIS matches",
"claim_type": "disambiguation",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "System should ask: Which Jacksonville? Please specify state (e.g., FL, NC, IL, TX, AR).",
"claim_type": "expected_behavior",
"evidence_doc_ids": ... | [
{
"doc_id": "gnis_jacksonville",
"url": "https://geonames.usgs.gov/apex/f?p=gnispq:3:::NO::P3_FID,P3_TITLE:Jacksonville,Feature%20Query",
"source_type": "official",
"passage_text": "GNIS query [feature_name=Jacksonville&feature_class=Populated Place] returned 21 matches. Top 5: Jacksonville, FL (Duv... | ambiguous_name | needs_clarification | none | null | true | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | FL city is largest by area in contiguous US |
gg_e12f4c69 | What is Newport famous for? | place_disambiguation | {
"city": "Newport",
"state": null,
"lat": null,
"lon": null,
"uncertainty_radius_m": null
} | NEEDS CLARIFICATION: 'Newport' has 22 matches in GNIS. Which Newport? RI (mansions/jazz), KY, OR, or other state? | [
{
"claim_text": "'Newport' is ambiguous with 22 GNIS matches",
"claim_type": "disambiguation",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "System should ask: Which Newport? RI (mansions/jazz), KY, OR, or other state?",
"claim_type": "expected_behavior",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
}
] | [
{
"doc_id": "gnis_newport",
"url": "https://geonames.usgs.gov/apex/f?p=gnispq:3:::NO::P3_FID,P3_TITLE:Newport,Feature%20Query",
"source_type": "official",
"passage_text": "GNIS query [feature_name=Newport&feature_class=Populated Place] returned 22 matches. Top 5: Newport, RI (Newport County, GNIS:12... | ambiguous_name | needs_clarification | none | null | true | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Rhode Island Newport famous for Gilded Age mansions |
gg_6afe4d4e | What state is Burlington in? | place_disambiguation | {
"city": "Burlington",
"state": null,
"lat": null,
"lon": null,
"uncertainty_radius_m": null
} | NEEDS CLARIFICATION: 'Burlington' has 18 matches in GNIS. Which Burlington? Please specify state (e.g., VT, NC, NJ, IA, WA). | [
{
"claim_text": "'Burlington' is ambiguous with 18 GNIS matches",
"claim_type": "disambiguation",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "System should ask: Which Burlington? Please specify state (e.g., VT, NC, NJ, IA, WA).",
"claim_type": "expected_behavior",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
... | [
{
"doc_id": "gnis_burlington",
"url": "https://geonames.usgs.gov/apex/f?p=gnispq:3:::NO::P3_FID,P3_TITLE:Burlington,Feature%20Query",
"source_type": "official",
"passage_text": "GNIS query [feature_name=Burlington&feature_class=Populated Place] returned 18 matches. Top 5: Burlington, VT (Chittenden ... | ambiguous_name | needs_clarification | none | null | true | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Vermont Burlington is largest city in VT |
gg_9d5551b6 | What is Lancaster famous for? | place_disambiguation | {
"city": "Lancaster",
"state": null,
"lat": null,
"lon": null,
"uncertainty_radius_m": null
} | NEEDS CLARIFICATION: 'Lancaster' has 17 matches in GNIS. Which Lancaster? PA (Amish), CA, OH, TX, or SC? | [
{
"claim_text": "'Lancaster' is ambiguous with 17 GNIS matches",
"claim_type": "disambiguation",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "System should ask: Which Lancaster? PA (Amish), CA, OH, TX, or SC?",
"claim_type": "expected_behavior",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
}
] | [
{
"doc_id": "gnis_lancaster",
"url": "https://geonames.usgs.gov/apex/f?p=gnispq:3:::NO::P3_FID,P3_TITLE:Lancaster,Feature%20Query",
"source_type": "official",
"passage_text": "GNIS query [feature_name=Lancaster&feature_class=Populated Place] returned 17 matches. Top 5: Lancaster, PA (Lancaster Count... | ambiguous_name | needs_clarification | none | null | true | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Pennsylvania city known for Amish community |
gg_a1104b2c | What is Dover known for? | place_disambiguation | {
"city": "Dover",
"state": null,
"lat": null,
"lon": null,
"uncertainty_radius_m": null
} | NEEDS CLARIFICATION: 'Dover' has 18 matches in GNIS. Which Dover? DE (state capital), NH, NJ, OH, or PA? | [
{
"claim_text": "'Dover' is ambiguous with 18 GNIS matches",
"claim_type": "disambiguation",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "System should ask: Which Dover? DE (state capital), NH, NJ, OH, or PA?",
"claim_type": "expected_behavior",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
}
] | [
{
"doc_id": "gnis_dover",
"url": "https://geonames.usgs.gov/apex/f?p=gnispq:3:::NO::P3_FID,P3_TITLE:Dover,Feature%20Query",
"source_type": "official",
"passage_text": "GNIS query [feature_name=Dover&feature_class=Populated Place] returned 18 matches. Top 5: Dover, DE (Kent County, GNIS:214320); Dove... | ambiguous_name | needs_clarification | none | null | true | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Delaware state capital |
gg_4aca5a8d | What county is Monroe in? | place_disambiguation | {
"city": "Monroe",
"state": null,
"lat": null,
"lon": null,
"uncertainty_radius_m": null
} | NEEDS CLARIFICATION: 'Monroe' has 21 matches in GNIS. Which Monroe? Please specify state (e.g., LA, MI, NC, WA, GA). | [
{
"claim_text": "'Monroe' is ambiguous with 21 GNIS matches",
"claim_type": "disambiguation",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "System should ask: Which Monroe? Please specify state (e.g., LA, MI, NC, WA, GA).",
"claim_type": "expected_behavior",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
}
] | [
{
"doc_id": "gnis_monroe",
"url": "https://geonames.usgs.gov/apex/f?p=gnispq:3:::NO::P3_FID,P3_TITLE:Monroe,Feature%20Query",
"source_type": "official",
"passage_text": "GNIS query [feature_name=Monroe&feature_class=Populated Place] returned 21 matches. Top 5: Monroe, LA (Ouachita Parish, GNIS:16294... | ambiguous_name | needs_clarification | none | null | true | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Named after President James Monroe |
gg_22bc74fe | What is Jackson the capital of? | place_disambiguation | {
"city": "Jackson",
"state": null,
"lat": null,
"lon": null,
"uncertainty_radius_m": null
} | NEEDS CLARIFICATION: 'Jackson' has 22 matches in GNIS. Which Jackson? MS (state capital), TN, MI, WY, or CA? | [
{
"claim_text": "'Jackson' is ambiguous with 22 GNIS matches",
"claim_type": "disambiguation",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "System should ask: Which Jackson? MS (state capital), TN, MI, WY, or CA?",
"claim_type": "expected_behavior",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
}
] | [
{
"doc_id": "gnis_jackson",
"url": "https://geonames.usgs.gov/apex/f?p=gnispq:3:::NO::P3_FID,P3_TITLE:Jackson,Feature%20Query",
"source_type": "official",
"passage_text": "GNIS query [feature_name=Jackson&feature_class=Populated Place] returned 22 matches. Top 5: Jackson, MS (Hinds County, GNIS:6721... | ambiguous_name | needs_clarification | none | null | true | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Mississippi capital; Wyoming resort town |
gg_9f0fee6c | What is the population of Marion? | place_disambiguation | {
"city": "Marion",
"state": null,
"lat": null,
"lon": null,
"uncertainty_radius_m": null
} | NEEDS CLARIFICATION: 'Marion' has 20 matches in GNIS. Which Marion? Please specify state (e.g., OH, IN, IL, IA, SC). | [
{
"claim_text": "'Marion' is ambiguous with 20 GNIS matches",
"claim_type": "disambiguation",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "System should ask: Which Marion? Please specify state (e.g., OH, IN, IL, IA, SC).",
"claim_type": "expected_behavior",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
}
] | [
{
"doc_id": "gnis_marion",
"url": "https://geonames.usgs.gov/apex/f?p=gnispq:3:::NO::P3_FID,P3_TITLE:Marion,Feature%20Query",
"source_type": "official",
"passage_text": "GNIS query [feature_name=Marion&feature_class=Populated Place] returned 20 matches. Top 5: Marion, OH (Marion County, GNIS:1064260... | ambiguous_name | needs_clarification | none | null | true | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Named after Francis Marion 'Swamp Fox' |
gg_83929e8a | What county is Clayton in? | place_disambiguation | {
"city": "Clayton",
"state": null,
"lat": null,
"lon": null,
"uncertainty_radius_m": null
} | NEEDS CLARIFICATION: 'Clayton' has 16 matches in GNIS. Which Clayton? Please specify state (e.g., MO, NC, CA, NJ, GA). | [
{
"claim_text": "'Clayton' is ambiguous with 16 GNIS matches",
"claim_type": "disambiguation",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "System should ask: Which Clayton? Please specify state (e.g., MO, NC, CA, NJ, GA).",
"claim_type": "expected_behavior",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
}
] | [
{
"doc_id": "gnis_clayton",
"url": "https://geonames.usgs.gov/apex/f?p=gnispq:3:::NO::P3_FID,P3_TITLE:Clayton,Feature%20Query",
"source_type": "official",
"passage_text": "GNIS query [feature_name=Clayton&feature_class=Populated Place] returned 16 matches. Top 5: Clayton, MO (St. Louis County, GNIS:... | ambiguous_name | needs_clarification | none | null | true | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Missouri Clayton is St. Louis County seat |
gg_df5a5320 | What county is Fayette in? | place_disambiguation | {
"city": "Fayette",
"state": null,
"lat": null,
"lon": null,
"uncertainty_radius_m": null
} | NEEDS CLARIFICATION: 'Fayette' has 14 matches in GNIS. Which Fayette? Please specify state (e.g., AL, MO, MS, IA, ME). | [
{
"claim_text": "'Fayette' is ambiguous with 14 GNIS matches",
"claim_type": "disambiguation",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "System should ask: Which Fayette? Please specify state (e.g., AL, MO, MS, IA, ME).",
"claim_type": "expected_behavior",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
}
] | [
{
"doc_id": "gnis_fayette",
"url": "https://geonames.usgs.gov/apex/f?p=gnispq:3:::NO::P3_FID,P3_TITLE:Fayette,Feature%20Query",
"source_type": "official",
"passage_text": "GNIS query [feature_name=Fayette&feature_class=Populated Place] returned 14 matches. Top 5: Fayette, AL (Fayette County, GNIS:15... | ambiguous_name | needs_clarification | none | null | true | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Named after Marquis de Lafayette |
gg_75b8b0b3 | What county is Hanover in? | place_disambiguation | {
"city": "Hanover",
"state": null,
"lat": null,
"lon": null,
"uncertainty_radius_m": null
} | NEEDS CLARIFICATION: 'Hanover' has 15 matches in GNIS. Which Hanover? PA, NH (Dartmouth), MA, MD, or VA? | [
{
"claim_text": "'Hanover' is ambiguous with 15 GNIS matches",
"claim_type": "disambiguation",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "System should ask: Which Hanover? PA, NH (Dartmouth), MA, MD, or VA?",
"claim_type": "expected_behavior",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
}
] | [
{
"doc_id": "gnis_hanover",
"url": "https://geonames.usgs.gov/apex/f?p=gnispq:3:::NO::P3_FID,P3_TITLE:Hanover,Feature%20Query",
"source_type": "official",
"passage_text": "GNIS query [feature_name=Hanover&feature_class=Populated Place] returned 15 matches. Top 5: Hanover, PA (York County, GNIS:11785... | ambiguous_name | needs_clarification | none | null | true | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | New Hampshire Hanover is home to Dartmouth College |
gg_e7eecd23 | What is Midland known for? | place_disambiguation | {
"city": "Midland",
"state": null,
"lat": null,
"lon": null,
"uncertainty_radius_m": null
} | NEEDS CLARIFICATION: 'Midland' has 14 matches in GNIS. Which Midland? TX (oil industry), MI (Dow Chemical), or other state? | [
{
"claim_text": "'Midland' is ambiguous with 14 GNIS matches",
"claim_type": "disambiguation",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "System should ask: Which Midland? TX (oil industry), MI (Dow Chemical), or other state?",
"claim_type": "expected_behavior",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
... | [
{
"doc_id": "gnis_midland",
"url": "https://geonames.usgs.gov/apex/f?p=gnispq:3:::NO::P3_FID,P3_TITLE:Midland,Feature%20Query",
"source_type": "official",
"passage_text": "GNIS query [feature_name=Midland&feature_class=Populated Place] returned 14 matches. Top 5: Midland, TX (Midland County, GNIS:13... | ambiguous_name | needs_clarification | none | null | true | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Texas Midland: oil industry; Michigan Midland: Dow Chemical HQ |
gg_5d47a784 | What district is this location (40.7128, -74.0060) in? | jurisdiction | {
"city": "Lower Manhattan",
"state": null,
"lat": 40.7128,
"lon": -74.006,
"uncertainty_radius_m": null
} | INTENT UNDERSPECIFIED. Which type of district? (congressional, state senate, state assembly, city council, school, community board) Stable facts: county=New York County, city=New York City, status=incorporated. | [
{
"claim_text": "Location is in New York County",
"claim_type": "jurisdiction",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "Incorporation status: incorporated",
"claim_type": "jurisdiction",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "Clarification needed: Which type of district? (... | [
{
"doc_id": "tiger_county_36061",
"url": "https://www.census.gov/geographies/mapping-files/time-series/geo/tiger-line-file.2024.html",
"source_type": "gis",
"passage_text": "TIGER/Line 2024: point (40.7128, -74.006) intersects New York County (FIPS 36061).",
"span_start": 53,
"span_end": 68,... | overlapping_jurisdiction | multi_valid | none | null | false | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Subtype: which_district. NYC has 6+ district types; intent is underspecified |
gg_6b0e5368 | Who represents the location (34.0522, -118.2437)? | jurisdiction | {
"city": "Downtown Los Angeles",
"state": null,
"lat": 34.0522,
"lon": -118.2437,
"uncertainty_radius_m": null
} | INTENT UNDERSPECIFIED. Which representative? (US Congress, State Senate, State Assembly, City Council, County Supervisor, School Board) Stable facts: county=Los Angeles County, city=Los Angeles, status=incorporated. | [
{
"claim_text": "Location is in Los Angeles County",
"claim_type": "jurisdiction",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "Incorporation status: incorporated",
"claim_type": "jurisdiction",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "Clarification needed: Which representative? ... | [
{
"doc_id": "tiger_county_06037",
"url": "https://www.census.gov/geographies/mapping-files/time-series/geo/tiger-line-file.2024.html",
"source_type": "gis",
"passage_text": "TIGER/Line 2024: point (34.0522, -118.2437) intersects Los Angeles County (FIPS 06037).",
"span_start": 55,
"span_end"... | overlapping_jurisdiction | multi_valid | none | null | false | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Subtype: which_representative. LA has city, county, state, and federal representatives |
gg_de8d8122 | What district is the location (29.7604, -95.3698) in? | jurisdiction | {
"city": "Downtown Houston",
"state": null,
"lat": 29.7604,
"lon": -95.3698,
"uncertainty_radius_m": null
} | INTENT UNDERSPECIFIED. Which type of district? (congressional, state senate, state house, city council, commissioner precinct, school) Stable facts: county=Harris County, city=Houston, status=incorporated. | [
{
"claim_text": "Location is in Harris County",
"claim_type": "jurisdiction",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "Incorporation status: incorporated",
"claim_type": "jurisdiction",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "Clarification needed: Which type of district? (co... | [
{
"doc_id": "tiger_county_48201",
"url": "https://www.census.gov/geographies/mapping-files/time-series/geo/tiger-line-file.2024.html",
"source_type": "gis",
"passage_text": "TIGER/Line 2024: point (29.7604, -95.3698) intersects Harris County (FIPS 48201).",
"span_start": 54,
"span_end": 67,
... | overlapping_jurisdiction | multi_valid | none | null | false | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Subtype: which_district. Texas has commissioner precincts at county level |
gg_f853429c | Who represents this location (33.4484, -112.0740)? | jurisdiction | {
"city": "Downtown Phoenix",
"state": null,
"lat": 33.4484,
"lon": -112.074,
"uncertainty_radius_m": null
} | INTENT UNDERSPECIFIED. Which representative? (US Congress, State Legislature, City Council, County Supervisor, School Board) Stable facts: county=Maricopa County, city=Phoenix, status=incorporated. | [
{
"claim_text": "Location is in Maricopa County",
"claim_type": "jurisdiction",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "Incorporation status: incorporated",
"claim_type": "jurisdiction",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "Clarification needed: Which representative? (US... | [
{
"doc_id": "tiger_county_04013",
"url": "https://www.census.gov/geographies/mapping-files/time-series/geo/tiger-line-file.2024.html",
"source_type": "gis",
"passage_text": "TIGER/Line 2024: point (33.4484, -112.074) intersects Maricopa County (FIPS 04013).",
"span_start": 54,
"span_end": 69... | overlapping_jurisdiction | multi_valid | none | null | false | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Subtype: which_representative. Arizona uses combined Legislative Districts |
gg_98016ce0 | What city is Marina del Rey (33.9425, -118.4081) in? | jurisdiction | {
"city": "Marina del Rey",
"state": null,
"lat": 33.9425,
"lon": -118.4081,
"uncertainty_radius_m": null
} | INTENT UNDERSPECIFIED. Marina del Rey is unincorporated LA County, not within any city. County provides municipal services. Stable facts: county=Los Angeles County, city=NONE (unincorporated), status=unincorporated. | [
{
"claim_text": "Location is in Los Angeles County",
"claim_type": "jurisdiction",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "Incorporation status: unincorporated",
"claim_type": "jurisdiction",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "Clarification needed: Marina del Rey is un... | [
{
"doc_id": "tiger_county_06037",
"url": "https://www.census.gov/geographies/mapping-files/time-series/geo/tiger-line-file.2024.html",
"source_type": "gis",
"passage_text": "TIGER/Line 2024: point (33.9425, -118.4081) intersects Los Angeles County (FIPS 06037).",
"span_start": 55,
"span_end"... | overlapping_jurisdiction | multi_valid | none | null | false | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Subtype: which_authority. Common misconception - not part of LA city |
gg_358d7bd5 | What jurisdiction handles building permits near (33.6846, -117.8265)? | jurisdiction | {
"city": "Irvine area",
"state": null,
"lat": 33.6846,
"lon": -117.8265,
"uncertainty_radius_m": null
} | INTENT UNDERSPECIFIED. Within Irvine city limits, the City handles permits. In unincorporated areas, Orange County handles permits. Stable facts: county=Orange County, city=Irvine, status=incorporated. | [
{
"claim_text": "Location is in Orange County",
"claim_type": "jurisdiction",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "Incorporation status: incorporated",
"claim_type": "jurisdiction",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "Clarification needed: Within Irvine city limits, ... | [
{
"doc_id": "tiger_county_06059",
"url": "https://www.census.gov/geographies/mapping-files/time-series/geo/tiger-line-file.2024.html",
"source_type": "gis",
"passage_text": "TIGER/Line 2024: point (33.6846, -117.8265) intersects Orange County (FIPS 06059).",
"span_start": 55,
"span_end": 68,... | overlapping_jurisdiction | multi_valid | none | null | false | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Subtype: which_authority. Permit authority depends on incorporation |
gg_1a97318b | What county is San Francisco (37.7749, -122.4194) in? | jurisdiction | {
"city": "San Francisco",
"state": null,
"lat": 37.7749,
"lon": -122.4194,
"uncertainty_radius_m": null
} | INTENT UNDERSPECIFIED. San Francisco is a consolidated city-county. City and county are the same jurisdiction. Stable facts: county=San Francisco County, city=San Francisco, status=consolidated_city_county. | [
{
"claim_text": "Location is in San Francisco County",
"claim_type": "jurisdiction",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "Incorporation status: consolidated_city_county",
"claim_type": "jurisdiction",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "Clarification needed: San Fran... | [
{
"doc_id": "tiger_county_06075",
"url": "https://www.census.gov/geographies/mapping-files/time-series/geo/tiger-line-file.2024.html",
"source_type": "gis",
"passage_text": "TIGER/Line 2024: point (37.7749, -122.4194) intersects San Francisco County (FIPS 06075).",
"span_start": 55,
"span_en... | overlapping_jurisdiction | multi_valid | none | null | false | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Subtype: consolidated. Consolidated city-county since 1856 |
gg_75359e54 | What county is Denver (39.7392, -104.9903) in? | jurisdiction | {
"city": "Denver",
"state": null,
"lat": 39.7392,
"lon": -104.9903,
"uncertainty_radius_m": null
} | INTENT UNDERSPECIFIED. Denver is a consolidated city-county. Denver County and City of Denver are the same jurisdiction. Stable facts: county=Denver County, city=Denver, status=consolidated_city_county. | [
{
"claim_text": "Location is in Denver County",
"claim_type": "jurisdiction",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "Incorporation status: consolidated_city_county",
"claim_type": "jurisdiction",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "Clarification needed: Denver is a con... | [
{
"doc_id": "tiger_county_08031",
"url": "https://www.census.gov/geographies/mapping-files/time-series/geo/tiger-line-file.2024.html",
"source_type": "gis",
"passage_text": "TIGER/Line 2024: point (39.7392, -104.9903) intersects Denver County (FIPS 08031).",
"span_start": 55,
"span_end": 68,... | overlapping_jurisdiction | multi_valid | none | null | false | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Subtype: consolidated. Consolidated city-county |
gg_2a5c9841 | What county is Louisville (38.2527, -85.7585) in? | jurisdiction | {
"city": "Louisville",
"state": null,
"lat": 38.2527,
"lon": -85.7585,
"uncertainty_radius_m": null
} | INTENT UNDERSPECIFIED. Louisville and Jefferson County merged in 2003 to form Louisville Metro. They are the same jurisdiction. Stable facts: county=Jefferson County, city=Louisville Metro, status=consolidated_city_county. | [
{
"claim_text": "Location is in Jefferson County",
"claim_type": "jurisdiction",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "Incorporation status: consolidated_city_county",
"claim_type": "jurisdiction",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "Clarification needed: Louisville a... | [
{
"doc_id": "tiger_county_21111",
"url": "https://www.census.gov/geographies/mapping-files/time-series/geo/tiger-line-file.2024.html",
"source_type": "gis",
"passage_text": "TIGER/Line 2024: point (38.2527, -85.7585) intersects Jefferson County (FIPS 21111).",
"span_start": 54,
"span_end": 7... | overlapping_jurisdiction | multi_valid | none | null | false | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Subtype: consolidated. Merged city-county since 2003 |
gg_2585ac28 | What county is Nashville (36.1627, -86.7816) in? | jurisdiction | {
"city": "Nashville",
"state": null,
"lat": 36.1627,
"lon": -86.7816,
"uncertainty_radius_m": null
} | INTENT UNDERSPECIFIED. Nashville and Davidson County merged in 1963. They are the same jurisdiction (Metro Nashville). Stable facts: county=Davidson County, city=Nashville (Metropolitan Government), status=consolidated_city_county. | [
{
"claim_text": "Location is in Davidson County",
"claim_type": "jurisdiction",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "Incorporation status: consolidated_city_county",
"claim_type": "jurisdiction",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "Clarification needed: Nashville and... | [
{
"doc_id": "tiger_county_47037",
"url": "https://www.census.gov/geographies/mapping-files/time-series/geo/tiger-line-file.2024.html",
"source_type": "gis",
"passage_text": "TIGER/Line 2024: point (36.1627, -86.7816) intersects Davidson County (FIPS 47037).",
"span_start": 54,
"span_end": 69... | overlapping_jurisdiction | multi_valid | none | null | false | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Subtype: consolidated. Merged city-county since 1963 |
gg_2784bd69 | What county is Richmond, VA (37.5407, -77.4360) in? | jurisdiction | {
"city": "Richmond",
"state": null,
"lat": 37.5407,
"lon": -77.436,
"uncertainty_radius_m": null
} | INTENT UNDERSPECIFIED. Richmond is an independent city, not part of any county. Henrico and Chesterfield Counties surround it. Stable facts: county=Richmond City (independent), city=Richmond, status=independent_city. | [
{
"claim_text": "Location is in Richmond City (independent)",
"claim_type": "jurisdiction",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "Incorporation status: independent_city",
"claim_type": "jurisdiction",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "Clarification needed: Richmond ... | [
{
"doc_id": "tiger_county_51760",
"url": "https://www.census.gov/geographies/mapping-files/time-series/geo/tiger-line-file.2024.html",
"source_type": "gis",
"passage_text": "TIGER/Line 2024: point (37.5407, -77.436) intersects Richmond City (independent) (FIPS 51760).",
"span_start": 53,
"sp... | overlapping_jurisdiction | multi_valid | none | null | false | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Subtype: independent_city. Virginia capital is independent city |
gg_217acd38 | Who do I contact about a noise complaint at (38.9072, -77.0369)? | jurisdiction | {
"city": "Washington",
"state": null,
"lat": 38.9072,
"lon": -77.0369,
"uncertainty_radius_m": null
} | INTENT UNDERSPECIFIED. In DC, noise complaints go to DCRA or MPD depending on type. DC is a federal district with unique governance. Stable facts: county=District of Columbia, city=Washington, status=federal_district. | [
{
"claim_text": "Location is in District of Columbia",
"claim_type": "jurisdiction",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "Incorporation status: federal_district",
"claim_type": "jurisdiction",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "Clarification needed: In DC, noise com... | [
{
"doc_id": "tiger_county_11001",
"url": "https://www.census.gov/geographies/mapping-files/time-series/geo/tiger-line-file.2024.html",
"source_type": "gis",
"passage_text": "TIGER/Line 2024: point (38.9072, -77.0369) intersects District of Columbia (FIPS 11001).",
"span_start": 54,
"span_end... | overlapping_jurisdiction | multi_valid | none | null | false | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Subtype: which_authority. DC has unique federal district status |
gg_37bf51aa | What jurisdiction handles parking tickets at (42.3601, -71.0589)? | jurisdiction | {
"city": "Boston",
"state": null,
"lat": 42.3601,
"lon": -71.0589,
"uncertainty_radius_m": null
} | INTENT UNDERSPECIFIED. Parking in Boston is handled by the City of Boston Transportation Department, not Suffolk County. Stable facts: county=Suffolk County, city=Boston, status=incorporated. | [
{
"claim_text": "Location is in Suffolk County",
"claim_type": "jurisdiction",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "Incorporation status: incorporated",
"claim_type": "jurisdiction",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "Clarification needed: Parking in Boston is handl... | [
{
"doc_id": "tiger_county_25025",
"url": "https://www.census.gov/geographies/mapping-files/time-series/geo/tiger-line-file.2024.html",
"source_type": "gis",
"passage_text": "TIGER/Line 2024: point (42.3601, -71.0589) intersects Suffolk County (FIPS 25025).",
"span_start": 54,
"span_end": 68,... | overlapping_jurisdiction | multi_valid | none | null | false | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Subtype: which_authority. City handles parking within city limits |
gg_414deb8f | What school district serves (47.6062, -122.3321)? | jurisdiction | {
"city": "Seattle",
"state": null,
"lat": 47.6062,
"lon": -122.3321,
"uncertainty_radius_m": null
} | INTENT UNDERSPECIFIED. Seattle Public Schools serves this location. Note: school district boundaries often differ from city limits. Stable facts: county=King County, city=Seattle, status=incorporated. | [
{
"claim_text": "Location is in King County",
"claim_type": "jurisdiction",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "Incorporation status: incorporated",
"claim_type": "jurisdiction",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "Clarification needed: Seattle Public Schools serves... | [
{
"doc_id": "tiger_county_53033",
"url": "https://www.census.gov/geographies/mapping-files/time-series/geo/tiger-line-file.2024.html",
"source_type": "gis",
"passage_text": "TIGER/Line 2024: point (47.6062, -122.3321) intersects King County (FIPS 53033).",
"span_start": 55,
"span_end": 66,
... | overlapping_jurisdiction | multi_valid | none | null | false | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Subtype: which_authority. School districts have own boundaries |
gg_d6121dd2 | What district handles trash collection at (32.7157, -117.1611)? | jurisdiction | {
"city": "San Diego",
"state": null,
"lat": 32.7157,
"lon": -117.1611,
"uncertainty_radius_m": null
} | INTENT UNDERSPECIFIED. Within San Diego city, the city handles residential trash. Unincorporated areas use private haulers or county. Stable facts: county=San Diego County, city=San Diego, status=incorporated. | [
{
"claim_text": "Location is in San Diego County",
"claim_type": "jurisdiction",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "Incorporation status: incorporated",
"claim_type": "jurisdiction",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "Clarification needed: Within San Diego city, t... | [
{
"doc_id": "tiger_county_06073",
"url": "https://www.census.gov/geographies/mapping-files/time-series/geo/tiger-line-file.2024.html",
"source_type": "gis",
"passage_text": "TIGER/Line 2024: point (32.7157, -117.1611) intersects San Diego County (FIPS 06073).",
"span_start": 55,
"span_end": ... | overlapping_jurisdiction | multi_valid | none | null | false | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Subtype: which_authority. Service depends on incorporation |
gg_d5f11e7c | What county is Austin (30.2672, -97.7431) in? | jurisdiction | {
"city": "Austin",
"state": null,
"lat": 30.2672,
"lon": -97.7431,
"uncertainty_radius_m": null
} | INTENT UNDERSPECIFIED. Austin spans Travis and Williamson Counties. This coordinate is in Travis County. Stable facts: county=Travis County, city=Austin, status=incorporated. | [
{
"claim_text": "Location is in Travis County",
"claim_type": "jurisdiction",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "Incorporation status: incorporated",
"claim_type": "jurisdiction",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "Clarification needed: Austin spans Travis and Wil... | [
{
"doc_id": "tiger_county_48453",
"url": "https://www.census.gov/geographies/mapping-files/time-series/geo/tiger-line-file.2024.html",
"source_type": "gis",
"passage_text": "TIGER/Line 2024: point (30.2672, -97.7431) intersects Travis County (FIPS 48453).",
"span_start": 54,
"span_end": 67,
... | overlapping_jurisdiction | multi_valid | none | null | false | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Subtype: multi_county. City spans two counties |
gg_5612439d | What county is Atlanta (33.7490, -84.3880) in? | jurisdiction | {
"city": "Atlanta",
"state": null,
"lat": 33.749,
"lon": -84.388,
"uncertainty_radius_m": null
} | INTENT UNDERSPECIFIED. Atlanta spans Fulton and DeKalb Counties. This coordinate is in Fulton County. Stable facts: county=Fulton County, city=Atlanta, status=incorporated. | [
{
"claim_text": "Location is in Fulton County",
"claim_type": "jurisdiction",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "Incorporation status: incorporated",
"claim_type": "jurisdiction",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "Clarification needed: Atlanta spans Fulton and De... | [
{
"doc_id": "tiger_county_13121",
"url": "https://www.census.gov/geographies/mapping-files/time-series/geo/tiger-line-file.2024.html",
"source_type": "gis",
"passage_text": "TIGER/Line 2024: point (33.749, -84.388) intersects Fulton County (FIPS 13121).",
"span_start": 52,
"span_end": 65,
... | overlapping_jurisdiction | multi_valid | none | null | false | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Subtype: multi_county. City spans two counties; different school systems |
gg_ebc91985 | What district is Charlotte (35.2271, -80.8431) in? | jurisdiction | {
"city": "Charlotte",
"state": null,
"lat": 35.2271,
"lon": -80.8431,
"uncertainty_radius_m": null
} | INTENT UNDERSPECIFIED. Which district type? (congressional, state senate, state house, city council, school, county commission) Stable facts: county=Mecklenburg County, city=Charlotte, status=incorporated. | [
{
"claim_text": "Location is in Mecklenburg County",
"claim_type": "jurisdiction",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "Incorporation status: incorporated",
"claim_type": "jurisdiction",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "Clarification needed: Which district type? (... | [
{
"doc_id": "tiger_county_37119",
"url": "https://www.census.gov/geographies/mapping-files/time-series/geo/tiger-line-file.2024.html",
"source_type": "gis",
"passage_text": "TIGER/Line 2024: point (35.2271, -80.8431) intersects Mecklenburg County (FIPS 37119).",
"span_start": 54,
"span_end":... | overlapping_jurisdiction | multi_valid | none | null | false | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Subtype: which_district. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Schools serve both city and county |
gg_83033108 | What jurisdiction handles parks at (44.9778, -93.2650)? | jurisdiction | {
"city": "Minneapolis",
"state": null,
"lat": 44.9778,
"lon": -93.265,
"uncertainty_radius_m": null
} | INTENT UNDERSPECIFIED. Minneapolis has an independently elected Park Board (separate from city council) that manages city parks. Stable facts: county=Hennepin County, city=Minneapolis, status=incorporated. | [
{
"claim_text": "Location is in Hennepin County",
"claim_type": "jurisdiction",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "Incorporation status: incorporated",
"claim_type": "jurisdiction",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "Clarification needed: Minneapolis has an indepe... | [
{
"doc_id": "tiger_county_27053",
"url": "https://www.census.gov/geographies/mapping-files/time-series/geo/tiger-line-file.2024.html",
"source_type": "gis",
"passage_text": "TIGER/Line 2024: point (44.9778, -93.265) intersects Hennepin County (FIPS 27053).",
"span_start": 53,
"span_end": 68,... | overlapping_jurisdiction | multi_valid | none | null | false | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Subtype: which_authority. Minneapolis Park Board is separately elected |
gg_6ef33cb6 | What state is Kansas City (39.0997, -94.5786) in? | jurisdiction | {
"city": "Kansas City",
"state": null,
"lat": 39.0997,
"lon": -94.5786,
"uncertainty_radius_m": null
} | INTENT UNDERSPECIFIED. There are two Kansas Cities: this coordinate is Kansas City, Missouri. Kansas City, Kansas is a separate city in Wyandotte County, KS. Stable facts: county=Jackson County, city=Kansas City, status=incorporated. | [
{
"claim_text": "Location is in Jackson County",
"claim_type": "jurisdiction",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "Incorporation status: incorporated",
"claim_type": "jurisdiction",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "Clarification needed: There are two Kansas Citie... | [
{
"doc_id": "tiger_county_29095",
"url": "https://www.census.gov/geographies/mapping-files/time-series/geo/tiger-line-file.2024.html",
"source_type": "gis",
"passage_text": "TIGER/Line 2024: point (39.0997, -94.5786) intersects Jackson County (FIPS 29095).",
"span_start": 54,
"span_end": 68,... | overlapping_jurisdiction | multi_valid | none | null | false | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Subtype: multi_jurisdiction. Two cities with same name in different states |
gg_c72e998a | Who is the mayor of Las Vegas for location (36.1699, -115.1398)? | jurisdiction | {
"city": "Las Vegas",
"state": null,
"lat": 36.1699,
"lon": -115.1398,
"uncertainty_radius_m": null
} | INTENT UNDERSPECIFIED. This coordinate IS within Las Vegas city limits, so there is a mayor. Many famous Las Vegas locations are unincorporated Clark County with no city mayor. Stable facts: county=Clark County, city=Las Vegas, status=incorporated. | [
{
"claim_text": "Location is in Clark County",
"claim_type": "jurisdiction",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "Incorporation status: incorporated",
"claim_type": "jurisdiction",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "Clarification needed: This coordinate IS within La... | [
{
"doc_id": "tiger_county_32003",
"url": "https://www.census.gov/geographies/mapping-files/time-series/geo/tiger-line-file.2024.html",
"source_type": "gis",
"passage_text": "TIGER/Line 2024: point (36.1699, -115.1398) intersects Clark County (FIPS 32003).",
"span_start": 55,
"span_end": 67,
... | overlapping_jurisdiction | multi_valid | none | null | false | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Subtype: which_authority. Inside city limits, unlike the Strip |
gg_5bf9ed0b | What district is San Antonio (29.4241, -98.4936) in? | jurisdiction | {
"city": "San Antonio",
"state": null,
"lat": 29.4241,
"lon": -98.4936,
"uncertainty_radius_m": null
} | INTENT UNDERSPECIFIED. Which district type? San Antonio has congressional, state senate, state house, city council, commissioner precincts, and 15+ school districts. Stable facts: county=Bexar County, city=San Antonio, status=incorporated. | [
{
"claim_text": "Location is in Bexar County",
"claim_type": "jurisdiction",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "Incorporation status: incorporated",
"claim_type": "jurisdiction",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "Clarification needed: Which district type? San Ant... | [
{
"doc_id": "tiger_county_48029",
"url": "https://www.census.gov/geographies/mapping-files/time-series/geo/tiger-line-file.2024.html",
"source_type": "gis",
"passage_text": "TIGER/Line 2024: point (29.4241, -98.4936) intersects Bexar County (FIPS 48029).",
"span_start": 54,
"span_end": 66,
... | overlapping_jurisdiction | multi_valid | none | null | false | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Subtype: which_district. San Antonio has many independent school districts |
gg_1fd554b7 | Who do I contact about code violations at (32.7767, -96.7970)? | jurisdiction | {
"city": "Dallas",
"state": null,
"lat": 32.7767,
"lon": -96.797,
"uncertainty_radius_m": null
} | INTENT UNDERSPECIFIED. Within Dallas city limits, code violations are handled by City of Dallas Code Compliance, not Dallas County. Stable facts: county=Dallas County, city=Dallas, status=incorporated. | [
{
"claim_text": "Location is in Dallas County",
"claim_type": "jurisdiction",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "Incorporation status: incorporated",
"claim_type": "jurisdiction",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "Clarification needed: Within Dallas city limits, ... | [
{
"doc_id": "tiger_county_48113",
"url": "https://www.census.gov/geographies/mapping-files/time-series/geo/tiger-line-file.2024.html",
"source_type": "gis",
"passage_text": "TIGER/Line 2024: point (32.7767, -96.797) intersects Dallas County (FIPS 48113).",
"span_start": 53,
"span_end": 66,
... | overlapping_jurisdiction | multi_valid | none | null | false | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Subtype: which_authority. City handles code enforcement within limits |
gg_679ad242 | What school district serves Memphis (35.1495, -90.0490)? | jurisdiction | {
"city": "Memphis",
"state": null,
"lat": 35.1495,
"lon": -90.049,
"uncertainty_radius_m": null
} | INTENT UNDERSPECIFIED. Memphis City Schools merged with Shelby County Schools in 2013. Now served by Shelby County Schools, though some suburbs have separate districts. Stable facts: county=Shelby County, city=Memphis, status=incorporated. | [
{
"claim_text": "Location is in Shelby County",
"claim_type": "jurisdiction",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "Incorporation status: incorporated",
"claim_type": "jurisdiction",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "Clarification needed: Memphis City Schools merged... | [
{
"doc_id": "tiger_county_47157",
"url": "https://www.census.gov/geographies/mapping-files/time-series/geo/tiger-line-file.2024.html",
"source_type": "gis",
"passage_text": "TIGER/Line 2024: point (35.1495, -90.049) intersects Shelby County (FIPS 47157).",
"span_start": 53,
"span_end": 66,
... | overlapping_jurisdiction | multi_valid | none | null | false | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Subtype: which_authority. School district merger in 2013 |
gg_da155673 | What district handles water service at (42.3314, -83.0458)? | jurisdiction | {
"city": "Detroit",
"state": null,
"lat": 42.3314,
"lon": -83.0458,
"uncertainty_radius_m": null
} | INTENT UNDERSPECIFIED. Detroit water is managed by DWSD (local) and GLWA (regional). GLWA serves suburban customers; DWSD serves Detroit directly. Stable facts: county=Wayne County, city=Detroit, status=incorporated. | [
{
"claim_text": "Location is in Wayne County",
"claim_type": "jurisdiction",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "Incorporation status: incorporated",
"claim_type": "jurisdiction",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "Clarification needed: Detroit water is managed by ... | [
{
"doc_id": "tiger_county_26163",
"url": "https://www.census.gov/geographies/mapping-files/time-series/geo/tiger-line-file.2024.html",
"source_type": "gis",
"passage_text": "TIGER/Line 2024: point (42.3314, -83.0458) intersects Wayne County (FIPS 26163).",
"span_start": 54,
"span_end": 66,
... | overlapping_jurisdiction | multi_valid | none | null | false | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Subtype: which_authority. Regional water authority structure |
gg_d8fb71b0 | What are the hours of the Brooklyn Atlantic Center DMV? | temporal | {
"city": "Brooklyn",
"state": "NY",
"lat": null,
"lon": null,
"uncertainty_radius_m": null
} | As of 2025-12-15: Brooklyn Atlantic Center DMV hours are Mon-Fri 8:00 AM - 5:00 PM. Verify at dmv.ny.gov. | [
{
"claim_text": "Brooklyn Atlantic Center DMV hours as of 2025-12-15",
"claim_type": "temporal",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "Freshness requirement: 30 days",
"claim_type": "freshness",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
}
] | [
{
"doc_id": "temporal_brooklyn_atlantic_center__20251101",
"url": "https://dmv.ny.gov/offices/brooklyn-atlantic-center",
"source_type": "official",
"passage_text": "Brooklyn Atlantic Center DMV: Monday through Friday 8:00 AM to 5:00 PM. Closed weekends and state holidays.",
"span_start": 0,
... | stale_fact | unambiguous | none | null | false | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Type: dmv. Info: hours. Subtype: fresh_available. Specific office with known hours |
gg_d1507a8c | What are the hours of the Los Angeles Culver City DMV? | temporal | {
"city": "Culver City",
"state": "CA",
"lat": null,
"lon": null,
"uncertainty_radius_m": null
} | As of 2025-12-15: Culver City DMV hours are Mon-Tue-Thu-Fri 8 AM - 5 PM, Wed 9 AM - 5 PM. Verify at dmv.ca.gov. | [
{
"claim_text": "Culver City DMV hours as of 2025-12-15",
"claim_type": "temporal",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "Freshness requirement: 30 days",
"claim_type": "freshness",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
}
] | [
{
"doc_id": "temporal_culver_city_dmv_20251015",
"url": "https://www.dmv.ca.gov/portal/office/culver-city-dmv/",
"source_type": "official",
"passage_text": "Culver City DMV Field Office: Monday, Tuesday, Thursday, Friday 8:00 AM - 5:00 PM. Wednesday 9:00 AM - 5:00 PM.",
"span_start": 0,
"spa... | stale_fact | unambiguous | none | null | false | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Type: dmv. Info: hours. Subtype: fresh_available. Specific CA DMV office |
gg_556d9454 | Does the Chicago Loop Secretary of State facility require appointments? | temporal | {
"city": "Chicago",
"state": "IL",
"lat": null,
"lon": null,
"uncertainty_radius_m": null
} | As of 2025-12-15: Chicago Loop facility accepts walk-ins. Appointments recommended but not required. Verify at ilsos.gov. | [
{
"claim_text": "Chicago Loop SOS policy as of 2025-12-15",
"claim_type": "temporal",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "Freshness requirement: 30 days",
"claim_type": "freshness",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
}
] | [
{
"doc_id": "temporal_chicago_loop_sos_20240601",
"url": "https://www.ilsos.gov/facilities/facilitylist.html",
"source_type": "official",
"passage_text": "Illinois Secretary of State facilities serve walk-in customers. Appointments available for some services.",
"span_start": 0,
"span_end": ... | stale_fact | unambiguous | none | null | false | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Type: dmv. Info: policy. Subtype: stale_only. Only stale source - should include caveat |
gg_3fa05915 | What are the hours of the San Francisco DMV on Fell Street? | temporal | {
"city": "San Francisco",
"state": "CA",
"lat": null,
"lon": null,
"uncertainty_radius_m": null
} | As of 2025-12-15: SF Fell Street DMV hours are Mon-Tue-Thu-Fri 8 AM - 5 PM, Wed 9 AM - 5 PM. Verify at dmv.ca.gov. | [
{
"claim_text": "San Francisco Fell Street DMV hours as of 2025-12-15",
"claim_type": "temporal",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "Freshness requirement: 30 days",
"claim_type": "freshness",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
}
] | [
{
"doc_id": "temporal_san_francisco_fell_street_20251120",
"url": "https://www.dmv.ca.gov/portal/office/san-francisco-dmv/",
"source_type": "official",
"passage_text": "San Francisco DMV Field Office, 1377 Fell Street: Monday, Tuesday, Thursday, Friday 8:00 AM - 5:00 PM. Wednesday 9:00 AM - 5:00 PM.... | stale_fact | unambiguous | none | null | false | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Type: dmv. Info: hours. Subtype: fresh_and_stale. Two sources - should prefer the fresh official one |
gg_9c02bca3 | What are the hours of San Francisco City Hall? | temporal | {
"city": "San Francisco",
"state": "CA",
"lat": null,
"lon": null,
"uncertainty_radius_m": null
} | As of 2025-12-15: SF City Hall is open Mon-Fri 8 AM - 8 PM. Individual offices may have different hours. Verify at sf.gov. | [
{
"claim_text": "San Francisco City Hall hours as of 2025-12-15",
"claim_type": "temporal",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "Freshness requirement: 30 days",
"claim_type": "freshness",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
}
] | [
{
"doc_id": "temporal_san_francisco_city_hall_20250901",
"url": "https://sf.gov/city-hall",
"source_type": "official",
"passage_text": "San Francisco City Hall is open to the public Monday through Friday, 8:00 AM to 8:00 PM.",
"span_start": 0,
"span_end": 80,
"retrieved_date": "2025-12-1... | stale_fact | unambiguous | none | null | false | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Type: city_hall. Info: hours. Subtype: fresh_available. Official city website |
gg_a7ab5498 | What are the hours of the LA County Registrar-Recorder office in Norwalk? | temporal | {
"city": "Norwalk",
"state": "CA",
"lat": null,
"lon": null,
"uncertainty_radius_m": null
} | As of 2025-12-15: LA County Registrar Norwalk HQ hours are Mon-Fri 8 AM - 5 PM. Verify at lavote.gov. | [
{
"claim_text": "LA County Registrar Norwalk hours as of 2025-12-15",
"claim_type": "temporal",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "Freshness requirement: 30 days",
"claim_type": "freshness",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
}
] | [
{
"doc_id": "temporal_la_county_registrar_norwa_20251020",
"url": "https://www.lavote.gov/home/county-clerk/marriage-licenses-background/marriage-background",
"source_type": "official",
"passage_text": "Los Angeles County Registrar-Recorder/County Clerk, 12400 Imperial Highway, Norwalk. Monday throu... | stale_fact | unambiguous | none | null | false | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Type: county_clerk. Info: hours. Subtype: fresh_and_stale. Two sources - prefer official |
gg_147a6811 | What is the address of the San Francisco Passport Agency? | temporal | {
"city": "San Francisco",
"state": "CA",
"lat": null,
"lon": null,
"uncertainty_radius_m": null
} | As of 2025-12-15: SF Passport Agency is at 95 Hawthorne Street, 5th Floor, San Francisco, CA 94105. Appointment required. | [
{
"claim_text": "San Francisco Passport Agency address as of 2025-12-15",
"claim_type": "temporal",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "Freshness requirement: 90 days",
"claim_type": "freshness",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
}
] | [
{
"doc_id": "temporal_san_francisco_passport_ag_20250701",
"url": "https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/passports/get-fast/agencies/san-francisco.html",
"source_type": "official",
"passage_text": "San Francisco Passport Agency, 95 Hawthorne Street, 5th Floor, San Francisco, CA 94105. By appoin... | stale_fact | unambiguous | none | null | false | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Type: passport. Info: address. Subtype: fresh_available. Federal passport agency |
gg_f1d0128c | Does the Seattle Passport Agency accept walk-ins? | temporal | {
"city": "Seattle",
"state": "WA",
"lat": null,
"lon": null,
"uncertainty_radius_m": null
} | As of 2025-12-15: Seattle Passport Agency requires appointments. No walk-ins accepted. Emergency appointments may be available. | [
{
"claim_text": "Seattle Passport Agency policy as of 2025-12-15",
"claim_type": "temporal",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "Freshness requirement: 30 days",
"claim_type": "freshness",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
}
] | [
{
"doc_id": "temporal_seattle_passport_agency_20251101",
"url": "https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/passports/get-fast/agencies.html",
"source_type": "official",
"passage_text": "Passport agencies serve customers by appointment only. Walk-in service is not available.",
"span_start": 0,
... | stale_fact | unambiguous | none | null | false | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Type: passport. Info: policy. Subtype: fresh_available. All passport agencies require appointments |
gg_aa1f7aec | What are the hours of the Social Security office at 4030 NW 25th St, Miami? | temporal | {
"city": "Miami",
"state": "FL",
"lat": null,
"lon": null,
"uncertainty_radius_m": null
} | As of 2025-12-15: Miami SSA office hours are Mon-Fri 9 AM - 4 PM. May close Wednesdays. Verify at ssa.gov/locator. | [
{
"claim_text": "Miami NW 25th St SSA hours as of 2025-12-15",
"claim_type": "temporal",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "Freshness requirement: 30 days",
"claim_type": "freshness",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
}
] | [
{
"doc_id": "temporal_miami_nw_25th_st_ssa_20240901",
"url": "https://www.ssa.gov/locator/",
"source_type": "official",
"passage_text": "Social Security offices are generally open Monday through Friday, 9:00 AM to 4:00 PM. Some offices closed Wednesdays.",
"span_start": 0,
"span_end": 80,
... | stale_fact | unambiguous | none | null | false | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Type: social_security. Info: hours. Subtype: stale_only. Only stale generic source - should caveat |
gg_4c23ecac | What is the national Social Security phone number? | temporal | {
"city": "National",
"state": "US",
"lat": null,
"lon": null,
"uncertainty_radius_m": null
} | As of 2025-12-15: National SSA number is 1-800-772-1213 (TTY: 1-800-325-0778). Available Mon-Fri 8 AM - 7 PM local time. | [
{
"claim_text": "SSA National phone as of 2025-12-15",
"claim_type": "temporal",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "Freshness requirement: 365 days",
"claim_type": "freshness",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
}
] | [
{
"doc_id": "temporal_ssa_national_20250601",
"url": "https://www.ssa.gov/agency/contact/",
"source_type": "official",
"passage_text": "Contact Social Security: 1-800-772-1213. TTY: 1-800-325-0778. Hours: Monday through Friday, 8:00 AM to 7:00 PM local time.",
"span_start": 0,
"span_end": 80... | stale_fact | unambiguous | none | null | false | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Type: social_security. Info: phone. Subtype: fresh_available. National toll-free number (stable) |
gg_d5f7a67b | What are the hours of the LA Superior Court Stanley Mosk Courthouse? | temporal | {
"city": "Los Angeles",
"state": "CA",
"lat": null,
"lon": null,
"uncertainty_radius_m": null
} | As of 2025-12-15: Stanley Mosk Courthouse hours are Mon-Fri 8:30 AM - 4:30 PM. Some clerk windows close at 3:30. Verify at lacourt.org. | [
{
"claim_text": "Stanley Mosk Courthouse hours as of 2025-12-15",
"claim_type": "temporal",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "Freshness requirement: 30 days",
"claim_type": "freshness",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
}
] | [
{
"doc_id": "temporal_stanley_mosk_courthouse_20250815",
"url": "https://www.lacourt.org/courthouse/stanley-mosk",
"source_type": "community",
"passage_text": "Stanley Mosk Courthouse, 111 N Hill Street. Public hours: Monday through Friday, 8:30 AM to 4:30 PM.",
"span_start": 0,
"span_end": ... | stale_fact | unambiguous | none | null | false | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Type: court. Info: hours. Subtype: fresh_available. Main LA courthouse |
gg_b192c59c | What is the phone number for the Cook County Daley Center? | temporal | {
"city": "Chicago",
"state": "IL",
"lat": null,
"lon": null,
"uncertainty_radius_m": null
} | As of 2025-12-15: Daley Center main number is (312) 603-5030. Division-specific numbers vary. Verify at cookcountycourt.org. | [
{
"claim_text": "Daley Center phone as of 2025-12-15",
"claim_type": "temporal",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "Freshness requirement: 90 days",
"claim_type": "freshness",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
}
] | [
{
"doc_id": "temporal_daley_center_20250701",
"url": "https://www.cookcountycourt.org/",
"source_type": "community",
"passage_text": "Richard J. Daley Center, 50 W Washington Street. Main Contact: (312) 603-5030.",
"span_start": 11,
"span_end": 78,
"retrieved_date": "2025-12-15T00:00:00"... | stale_fact | unambiguous | none | null | false | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Type: court. Info: phone. Subtype: fresh_available. Main Cook County courthouse |
gg_aaf756e9 | What are the hours of the NYPL Stephen A. Schwarzman Building? | temporal | {
"city": "New York",
"state": "NY",
"lat": null,
"lon": null,
"uncertainty_radius_m": null
} | As of 2025-12-15: NYPL Schwarzman Building hours are Mon/Thu-Sat 10 AM - 6 PM, Tue-Wed 10 AM - 8 PM, Sun 1-5 PM. Verify at nypl.org. | [
{
"claim_text": "NYPL Schwarzman Building hours as of 2025-12-15",
"claim_type": "temporal",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "Freshness requirement: 30 days",
"claim_type": "freshness",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
}
] | [
{
"doc_id": "temporal_nypl_schwarzman_building_20251101",
"url": "https://www.nypl.org/locations/schwarzman",
"source_type": "community",
"passage_text": "Stephen A. Schwarzman Building: Monday, Thursday-Saturday 10 AM - 6 PM, Tuesday-Wednesday 10 AM - 8 PM, Sunday 1 PM - 5 PM.",
"span_start": 0... | stale_fact | unambiguous | none | null | false | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Type: library. Info: hours. Subtype: fresh_available. Main Branch on 5th Avenue |
gg_064f88d7 | What time does Central Park close? | temporal | {
"city": "New York",
"state": "NY",
"lat": null,
"lon": null,
"uncertainty_radius_m": null
} | As of 2025-12-15: Central Park is open daily 6 AM - 1 AM. Some facilities have different hours. Verify at centralparknyc.org. | [
{
"claim_text": "Central Park hours as of 2025-12-15",
"claim_type": "temporal",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "Freshness requirement: 30 days",
"claim_type": "freshness",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
}
] | [
{
"doc_id": "temporal_central_park_20250901",
"url": "https://www.centralparknyc.org/visit",
"source_type": "community",
"passage_text": "Central Park is open daily from 6:00 AM to 1:00 AM.",
"span_start": 0,
"span_end": 51,
"retrieved_date": "2025-12-15T00:00:00",
"source_published_... | stale_fact | unambiguous | none | null | false | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Type: park. Info: hours. Subtype: fresh_available. Park itself closes at 1 AM |
gg_3ab787a5 | What are the hours of Golden Gate Park? | temporal | {
"city": "San Francisco",
"state": "CA",
"lat": null,
"lon": null,
"uncertainty_radius_m": null
} | As of 2025-12-15: Golden Gate Park grounds are open 24/7 to pedestrians. Museums/attractions have separate hours. Verify at sfrecpark.org. | [
{
"claim_text": "Golden Gate Park hours as of 2025-12-15",
"claim_type": "temporal",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "Freshness requirement: 30 days",
"claim_type": "freshness",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
}
] | [
{
"doc_id": "temporal_golden_gate_park_20250801",
"url": "https://sfrecpark.org/destination/golden-gate-park/",
"source_type": "community",
"passage_text": "Golden Gate Park is open to pedestrians 24 hours a day. Museums and attractions have individual hours.",
"span_start": 0,
"span_end": 8... | stale_fact | unambiguous | none | null | false | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Type: park. Info: hours. Subtype: fresh_available. Park 24/7, facilities vary |
gg_6fb9ec3c | What time does BART start running on weekdays? | temporal | {
"city": "San Francisco",
"state": "CA",
"lat": null,
"lon": null,
"uncertainty_radius_m": null
} | As of 2025-12-15: BART weekday service starts at 5 AM (trains begin running from end-of-line stations). Verify at bart.gov. | [
{
"claim_text": "BART hours as of 2025-12-15",
"claim_type": "temporal",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "Freshness requirement: 30 days",
"claim_type": "freshness",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
}
] | [
{
"doc_id": "temporal_bart_20251101",
"url": "https://www.bart.gov/schedules",
"source_type": "official",
"passage_text": "BART operating hours: Weekdays service begins at 5:00 AM from end-of-line stations. Last trains around midnight.",
"span_start": 0,
"span_end": 80,
"retrieved_date":... | stale_fact | unambiguous | none | null | false | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Type: transit. Info: hours. Subtype: fresh_and_stale. Wikipedia has old hours - tests staleness detection |
gg_5d7b7972 | What is the NYC subway fare? | temporal | {
"city": "New York",
"state": "NY",
"lat": null,
"lon": null,
"uncertainty_radius_m": null
} | As of 2025-12-15: NYC subway/bus fare is $2.90 per ride (OMNY/MetroCard). Verify at mta.info for current pricing. | [
{
"claim_text": "NYC Subway fare as of 2025-12-15",
"claim_type": "temporal",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "Freshness requirement: 90 days",
"claim_type": "freshness",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
}
] | [
{
"doc_id": "temporal_nyc_subway_20250901",
"url": "https://new.mta.info/fares",
"source_type": "community",
"passage_text": "Subway and local bus fare: $2.90 per ride. Reduced fare available for seniors, disabled riders.",
"span_start": 0,
"span_end": 80,
"retrieved_date": "2025-12-15T0... | stale_fact | unambiguous | none | null | false | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Type: transit. Info: fare. Subtype: fresh_and_stale. Fare increased - tests staleness |
gg_42684760 | What are the hours of the Seattle permit counter? | temporal | {
"city": "Seattle",
"state": "WA",
"lat": null,
"lon": null,
"uncertainty_radius_m": null
} | As of 2025-12-15: Seattle SDCI permit counter hours are Mon-Fri 8 AM - 4 PM. Many services available online. Verify at seattle.gov/sdci. | [
{
"claim_text": "Seattle SDCI Permit Counter hours as of 2025-12-15",
"claim_type": "temporal",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "Freshness requirement: 30 days",
"claim_type": "freshness",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
}
] | [
{
"doc_id": "temporal_seattle_sdci_permit_count_20251001",
"url": "https://www.seattle.gov/sdci/customer-service",
"source_type": "official",
"passage_text": "SDCI Customer Service Counter: Monday through Friday, 8:00 AM to 4:00 PM. Online permit applications available 24/7.",
"span_start": 0,
... | stale_fact | unambiguous | none | null | false | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Type: permits. Info: hours. Subtype: fresh_available. Counter vs online services |
gg_3faf7426 | What is the fee for a marriage license in NYC? | temporal | {
"city": "New York",
"state": "NY",
"lat": null,
"lon": null,
"uncertainty_radius_m": null
} | As of 2025-12-15: NYC marriage license fee is $35. City Clerk ceremony fee is $25 additional. Verify at cityclerk.nyc.gov. | [
{
"claim_text": "NYC Marriage Bureau fee as of 2025-12-15",
"claim_type": "temporal",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "Freshness requirement: 90 days",
"claim_type": "freshness",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
}
] | [
{
"doc_id": "temporal_nyc_marriage_bureau_20250601",
"url": "https://www.cityclerk.nyc.gov/content/marriage-bureau",
"source_type": "official",
"passage_text": "Marriage license application fee: $35. City Clerk ceremony fee: $25.",
"span_start": 0,
"span_end": 68,
"retrieved_date": "2025... | stale_fact | unambiguous | none | null | false | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Type: county_clerk. Info: fee. Subtype: fresh_available. Government fees |
gg_31c35272 | What are the hours of the LA County Health Department main office? | temporal | {
"city": "Los Angeles",
"state": "CA",
"lat": null,
"lon": null,
"uncertainty_radius_m": null
} | As of 2025-12-15: LA County Public Health main office hours are Mon-Fri 8 AM - 5 PM. Clinics have varying hours. Verify at publichealth.lacounty.gov. | [
{
"claim_text": "LA County Public Health Main hours as of 2025-12-15",
"claim_type": "temporal",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "Freshness requirement: 30 days",
"claim_type": "freshness",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
}
] | [
{
"doc_id": "temporal_la_county_public_health_m_20250801",
"url": "https://publichealth.lacounty.gov/",
"source_type": "official",
"passage_text": "Los Angeles County Department of Public Health: Monday through Friday, 8:00 AM to 5:00 PM. Health centers have individual schedules.",
"span_start":... | stale_fact | unambiguous | none | null | false | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Type: health. Info: hours. Subtype: fresh_available. Main office vs clinics |
gg_4b7917ab | What are the hours of the Austin Permit Center? | temporal | {
"city": "Austin",
"state": "TX",
"lat": null,
"lon": null,
"uncertainty_radius_m": null
} | STALE INFO WARNING: Only outdated sources available. Hours may be Mon-Fri 7:45 AM - 4:45 PM based on older data. Verify at austintexas.gov. | [
{
"claim_text": "Austin Permit Center hours as of 2025-12-15",
"claim_type": "temporal",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
},
{
"claim_text": "Freshness requirement: 30 days",
"claim_type": "freshness",
"evidence_doc_ids": []
}
] | [
{
"doc_id": "temporal_austin_permit_center_20240201",
"url": "https://www.austintexas.gov/department/development-services",
"source_type": "official",
"passage_text": "Austin Development Services Department. Walk-in hours: Monday-Friday 7:45 AM - 4:45 PM.",
"span_start": 0,
"span_end": 80,
... | stale_fact | unambiguous | none | null | false | dev | 2026-01-02T00:00:00 | Type: permits. Info: hours. Subtype: stale_only. Only stale source - requires caveat |
End of preview. Expand
in Data Studio
GroundedGeo: A Benchmark for Citation-Grounded Geographic QA
GroundedGeo is a research-grade benchmark for evaluating RAG systems on location-based queries with verifiable citations, freshness awareness, and conflict handling.
🎯 Key Findings (Frozen Test Split)
Naïve RAG reaches 79.2% accuracy but fails on conflicting sources (11.1% conflict-handled).
Adding official-source ranking improves overall accuracy to 94.3% and raises conflict handling to 100%.
Conflict handled means the system either (a) explicitly flags a source disagreement or (b) prefers the official source and cites it.
📊 Dataset Statistics
| Statistic | Value |
|---|---|
| Total queries | 200 |
| Dev split | 147 |
| Test split (frozen) | 53 |
| Hard-case buckets | 5 (40 each) |
| Multi-source queries | 85 |
Five Hard-Case Buckets
| Bucket | Count | Challenge |
|---|---|---|
| Boundary Adjacent | 40 | Locations near county/state lines |
| Ambiguous Name | 40 | "Springfield" exists in many states |
| Overlapping Jurisdiction | 40 | Multiple authorities apply |
| Stale Fact | 40 | Hours/fees/policies change |
| Conflicting Sources | 40 | Official vs community disagree |
📈 Benchmark Results (Frozen Test Split)
| System | Accuracy | Conflict Handled |
|---|---|---|
| Closed-Book LLM | 17.0% | 11.1% |
| Naïve RAG | 79.2% | 11.1% |
| Official-First RAG | 94.3% | 100.0% |
| Freshness-Filter RAG | 79.2% | 11.1% |
| Conflict-Aware RAG | 92.5% | 88.9% |
Load Dataset
from datasets import load_dataset
# Load full dataset
ds = load_dataset("nidhip1611/groundedgeo", data_files="groundedgeo_v1.0.jsonl")
# Or load dev/test splits
ds = load_dataset(
"nidhip1611/groundedgeo",
data_files={"dev": "dev.jsonl", "test": "test.jsonl"}
)
print(ds)
Query Schema
Each query contains:
query_id: Unique identifierquery_text: The questiongold_answer: Expected answerhard_case_bucket: One of 5 bucketssplit: "dev" or "test"gold_evidence: Evidence spans with URLs and citation spans
Intended Use
GroundedGeo is designed to evaluate citation-grounded QA behaviors in RAG systems, especially under ambiguity, freshness constraints, and conflicting sources. It is not meant for real-time civic decision-making without live verification.
Citation
@dataset{pandya2025groundedgeo,
author = {Pandya, Nidhi},
title = {GroundedGeo: A Benchmark for Citation-Grounded Geographic QA},
publisher = {Zenodo},
year = {2026},
doi = {10.5281/zenodo.18142378},
url = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18142378}
}
Links
- GitHub: nidhip1611/GroundedGeo
- Zenodo DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18142378
- Author: Nidhi Pandya, Pace University
License
CC BY 4.0
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