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1-hop neighbor's text information: whens the next big sale? lol so glad i woke up and checked out prices this morning. $7.49! for a dual pack!? i HAD to stock up. didn't get as many as i wanted tho but 7 is just fine lol just got my film, same day delivery is awesome!
Target text information: Awesome Great product!
I provide the content of the target node and its neighbors' information. The relation between the target node and its 1-hop neighbors is 'co-purchase'. Question: Which of the following types does this photo item belong to? Here are the 12 categories:
0: Video Surveillance
1: Accessories
2: Binoculars & Scopes
3: Video
4: Lighting & Studio
5: Bags & Cases
6: Tripods & Monopods
7: Flashes
8: Digital Cameras
9: Film Photography
10: Lenses
11: Underwater Photography
Question: Based on the content of the target and neighbors' photo item, predict the category ID (0 to 11) for the target node.
| 9
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Film Photography
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photo
| 35,184
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test
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1-hop neighbor's text information: More features, Less money, in a Rugged Body. If you are interested in this camera, I assume you are either motivated to not buy Nikon or Canon, or at minimum you are not opposed to the idea of being a little different. For the cost of explaining to you friends that Pentax does still make very good cameras, you get a feature set that above and beyond what the "Big Two" offer at this price. Along that line, this is Pentax's current flagship camera. That means they held nothing back. There are no capabilities reserved for more expensive cameras in the line, and that should eliminate any buyers remorse. If you enjoy using manual focus, a Pentax Camera is a no brainer. Their DSLRs use the classic Pentax K mount. This allows you to mount (without an adapter) an arsenal of great old lenses. Did I mention in-body image stabilization? Not only can you build a small library of lenses, but utilize modern (and very effective) image stabilization on every one. In the K-3 Pentax dedicated a servo to its image stabilization. As for the K-3... I also own a K-30 and purchased the K-3 to be a primary body, with the K-30 serving backup, in order to start taking on portrait contracts. Do not let the APS-C sensor size steer you away. Many pros are now shooting Fujifilm (APS-C) and Olympus (m4/3). The focus peaking is very accurate and easy to use. The dual SD card slots is a nice pro feature. However, if you were hoping for WiFi, this is only achieved via SD card. Considering the trend towards connected cameras, this is unfortunate. But if you shoot RAW and dedicate your time to a post-processing workflow, than WiFi may be unnecessary. The IQ is brilliant and the colors and WB are the best I have seen from Pentax. The shutter/mirror sound is very quiet and precise sounding. And if you are interested in video capabilities, Pentax has finally taken you into consideration with the K-3. The camera is very customizable if you take the time to explore the labyrinth of menu screens. Overall, this camera is a leap forward for the company. PS. A firmware update was just released so any issues you may read about prior to Dec. 19th may have been addressed in the new firmware.
1-hop neighbor's text information: Very Nice piece of glass Impressive how Sigma make lenses with such quality at very low price. This lens can easily be used as first choice to shoot indoors, wide angles , ceremonial events, weddings ,etc. it gives you a very nice bouquet in the portraits and is fast enough to shoot at low light ambient. Yes,it's true! The lens hood use to fall down due to a error on the hood construction , but I don't care course I still having a sharp and perfect shots with this lens.
1-hop neighbor's text information: Pentax D-LI90E - well worth the initial higher cost Yes, you can find compatible batteries for half the price. You get what you pay for. I have purchased several third party batteries for my Pentax cameras and all were great - for the first few months. After a while they all seemed to lose power faster than they should but my Pentax branded batteries operate like new, even after several YEARS. Now I don't waste my money or time with the third part ones. I recently purchased a new Pentax DSLR with a battery grip, put the OEM battery in the body and got this D-LI90E for the grip. I have two other Pentax DSLRs and those have D-LI90s in them as well. I won't use any batteries other than the Pentax ones.
Target text information: I do not trust this battery. The original Pentax ... I do not trust this battery. The original Pentax battery is 7.2 V/1800mAh and this battery is 7.4V/2800mAh. The repacement battery may damage the camera as the voltage and/or power may be too much. Just concerned.
I provide the content of the target node and its neighbors' information. The relation between the target node and its 1-hop neighbors is 'co-purchase'. Question: Which of the following types does this photo item belong to? Here are the 12 categories:
0: Video Surveillance
1: Accessories
2: Binoculars & Scopes
3: Video
4: Lighting & Studio
5: Bags & Cases
6: Tripods & Monopods
7: Flashes
8: Digital Cameras
9: Film Photography
10: Lenses
11: Underwater Photography
Question: Based on the content of the target and neighbors' photo item, predict the category ID (0 to 11) for the target node.
| 1
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Accessories
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photo
| 27,321
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test
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1-hop neighbor's text information: I like it very much I like it very much. I plan to go to the big bend national park in next week. Hopeful I can shoot a lot of beautiful picture.
1-hop neighbor's text information: Sharp, capable, compact, prime lens It took me a while to learn how to shoot with the Fuji 27mm lens on the X-M1 camera, especially in low light, after being "spoiled" by the fantastic in-body image stabilization (IBIS) on my Olympus OM-D EM5 camera. With the OM-D and 17mm F2.8 pancake, I can manage a sharp handheld shot at 1/4 second exposure, sometimes even as low as 1/2 second. Due to the lack of optical image stabilization on Fuji prime lenses, I typically need a minimum of 1/30 second exposure on my X-M1 and 27mm lens to get an image of similar sharpness. Once I got the hang of using the Fuji 27mm lens on my X-M1 (with Auto ISO set at 200-6400 and 1/60 minimum shutter), I have become pretty impressed with the quality of images this lens is able to produce. Given that this is a pancake lens, it is not intended for professional work. Yet it seems to do many things remarkably well, from casual portraiture, to street photography, to landscapes. The build quality and feel of this lens is good, on par with the Olympus 17mm F2.8 pancake. The fact that the Fuji 27mm lens lacks an aperture dial does not bother me as it apparently does to some Fuji X veterans. While I generally prefer a slightly wider field of view, ideally 35mm equivalent, the 41mm equivalent field of view of the Fuji 27mm lens is still reasonably wide enough for street photography. It can also double as a "normal" lens, since it is not too far off from the 50mm field of view. And I now am appreciating the usefulness of this lens. This lens is quite sharp at F2.8 in the center, with only slight corner softness. It is certainly sharp enough for portraits, where corner softness should not matter as much. The sweet spot seems to be between F5.6 and F8, where it is tack sharp in the center and has much improved corner sharpness (although still not on par with my Panasonic-Leica 25mm lens). But this works great for daytime street and landscape photography, because the aperture can be set at F5.6 and you are good to go. The contrast on the Fuji 27mm lens is slightly better than on my Olympus 17mm pancake, and it also does not suffer from the chromatic aberration of the Olympus. Skin tones and micro contrast is quite good, about as good as that on the Olympus 17mm pancake, but not nearly at the same level of my Panasonic-Leica 25mm lens. Lens flare on the Fuji 27mm is better controlled than on my Olympus 17mm pancake. Bokeh (a subjective thing) on this lens is pretty decent, but slightly edged out by both my Olympus 17mm pancake and Panasonic Leica 25mm in terms of "dreaminess", er, "creaminess" that bokeh aficionados rant about. (NOTE: I don't have any other Fuji prime lenses to compare bokeh with). On the downside, the minimum focus distance is about 14", which makes the lens unusable for macro work. The lens is also noisier and slightly slower to focus than my Olympus 17mm pancake, especially in low light. For night street photography, I still prefer taking my Olympus OM-D with either the 17mm F2.8 or the 25mm F1.4, due to the OM-D's IBIS. (And this is no fault of the Fuji 27mm lens itself, which is a good match for the Olympus 17mm F2.8 in terms of image quality). For portraiture, I prefer my PL 25mm. For "one size fits all" solution, though, the Fuji 27mm and the X-M1 seems to be more my preferred choice because I can count on the generally excellent image quality this combination can deliver. In summary I think this lens achieves what it has been designed to do, to be a sharp, capable, "go anywhere", compact prime lens with excellent image quality. The Fuji 27mm lens with the X-M1 camera is an excellent compact package for family, landscape and street photography. Please see my comment in this review for a link to my recent pictures taken with this lens, mostly under less than ideal lighting conditions.
1-hop neighbor's text information: Has certain advantages. Compared to Fuji 18-55mm: Advantages are --smaller, significantly lighter, wider (24mm equiv vs 28mm equiv) and substantially less expensive. Disadvantages are may be less sturdy/durable, i8mage quality very slightly poorer but fclkose enough you might not notice. Compared to non-Fuji (Nikon 18-55 VRII - collapsible with push button). Nearly the same size and weight as the VRII but without the push button hassle. Significantly lighter than the older (non-pushbutton) Nikon 18-55mm's. If published test scores are valid image Fuji quality is better.
Target text information: Bright Sun, Fear Not. For those times when the bright sunlight is making your LCD hard to see, this solves the problems. Remarkably compact, remarkably accurate in the framing lines, way more accurate than the X20 for example. This gives you more than 100% FOV with frame lines, just like a rangefinder should. My personal problem is that I wear eyeglasses, and this does not give me a high enough focus point. I am unable to wear glasses and see the framing lines sufficiently.
I provide the content of the target node and its neighbors' information. The relation between the target node and its 1-hop neighbors is 'co-purchase'. Question: Which of the following types does this photo item belong to? Here are the 12 categories:
0: Video Surveillance
1: Accessories
2: Binoculars & Scopes
3: Video
4: Lighting & Studio
5: Bags & Cases
6: Tripods & Monopods
7: Flashes
8: Digital Cameras
9: Film Photography
10: Lenses
11: Underwater Photography
Question: Based on the content of the target and neighbors' photo item, predict the category ID (0 to 11) for the target node.
| 1
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Accessories
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photo
| 26,677
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test
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1-hop neighbor's text information: Nice for the price I purchased two sets of these for a recent trip to the new Nationals' stadium to watch the Nationals vs. Marlins game. They worked much better than I had expected, given the price. Yes, they're not the greatest binoculars in the world, but they worked just fine for a trip to the stadium. They come with a carrying case, a strap that's already attached, instructions (that aren't really needed, but come in seven different languages), and a very nice cleaning cloth. The binoculars are also very light. I would definitely purchase them again.
1-hop neighbor's text information: A Dog at Any Price; Just try alternatives side by side After years of suffering with dark, weak, wobbly binoculars (thank you, Magnacraft), I found myself needing two types: the best quality I could find (1) at any weight but under $250 for use within a drive of home (home binocs), and (2) under 10 oz, easy to travel with in tour groups, simple for impatient family members, and ideal for night concerts and day baseball games (travel binocs). After studying reviews and comments thoroughly, I concluded there are brilliant experts commenting regularly on Amazon - much more insightful than the professional reviewers who focus on expensive, heavy devices purchased by others of their ilk. From my fellow consumers' insights, I purchased 11 binoculars with at least 70% five-star ratings that fit my general specifications for home or travel. GENERAL CONCLUSIONS. After exhaustive examination - reading a DVD box at 46 feet, finding individual cattle from a moving minivan, and watching stars and planets in my backyard - I concluded the essential attributes for binoculars across categories are: (A) Plenty of Light brought to your eye. Light is determined by the diameter of the light-gathering lens divided by the magnification. In other words, an 8x42 pair has a ratio of 5.25 and produces LOTS of light, while a 10x21 pair has a ratio of 2.1 and always appear dark. Conclusion: About 3.0 is adequate and the best available for compact binoculars. (B) Good Stability of View. View stability depends on (i) the degrees of field of vision (can you find what you are looking for), (ii) the depth of visibility (do you have to refocus for every few feet of depth), and (iii) wobble (which is itself determined by (i) and (ii)). Conclusion: field of vision is rarely as broad as advertised, depth of visibility depends on the lens quality and you just have to check it out, and any binoc with a magnification of 10 or higher proved to have poor stability of view without a tripod, at least for me. There is a big difference between 8x and 10x, particularly below a 42 lens diameter. SPECIFIC CONCLUSIONS. (Home Binoculars) The best Home Binoc was the Nikon Monarch ATM 8x42, and it outperformed all other 10 by a wide margin. I could read a DVD box at 46 feet, keep a broad and stable view to find the cow with three white spots while bouncing in a minivan, and find and watch Mars. At 24 oz, it's too big for constant lugging, but oh what a treat. At $230, it was comparable in price to the Vixen 14502 Foresta 8x42 and the Bushnell Ultra HD 8x42, but it performed noticeably better, particularly on view stability. Several cheaper, heavy models under $100 had cloudy lens. (Travel Binoculars) The Pentax 8x25 UCF XII and the Olympus 8x25 PCI were best in class, although the Pentax had less wobble, more clarity while the Olympus provided more light and more accurate color tones, but a smaller field of vision. (Forget finding the cow, but if you found it, you could count its ear hairs at dusk). Both were 10 oz, and about $65; the Pentax, which gets slightly better overall reviews, is larger but felt better in my hand. Small hands, viewing at dusk, standing still = Olympus. Larger hands, viewing in daylight, on a bus = Pentax. Lastly, the itty bitty Olympus 7x21 PC III at 7 oz in metallic blue is adorable and $24 (refurbished), with fantastic clarity and ease of use, but a very narrow field of vision, despite its 7.5% claim. So what did we do? I decided to travel with the heavy Nikon Monarch, but kept the Pentax 8x25 in reserve. Different members of my family preferred the Pentax 8x25, the Olympus 8x25, and the Olympus 7x21, each predictably on the basis of the decision maker's age, size, and goals. None showed any interest in the other six binocs. As a final note, Beware of imperfection and non-Amazon sellers. Two of the 11 binocs arrived with lens imperfections. The heavy Bushnell Falcon (7x36) at $30 had a cloudy lens, and Amazon accepted the return promptly. The lightweight but expensive Nikon Travelite 10x25, already with little light and a small field of vision, had a defective lens, making it darker. The vendor wanted me to pay shipping in both directions plus a restocking fee to return the defective item. Good luck with your decision. I hope my odyssey was helpful to you.
1-hop neighbor's text information: Do Not Buy These, they are not as asdvetised I realize these CS-430 are cheap, but Vivitar misrepresented their binoculars. You say they have porro prisms, they have non. You say they have a diopter adj. there is none. You also say these binoculars have eyecups that fold back, can't do that either. These are Galilean opera glasses not what's advertised. If you want cheap opera glasses they are fine, but they are not prismatic binoculars, not even cheap ones.
Target text information: Very good for the money Had there been a 4.5-star rating, that would have been my choice. These binoculars are well-made and perhaps a little better than I expected in terms of optical quality for $19.90. They fold into a very compact shape and the belt-attachable carry case is a nice bonus. They're a bit difficult to use until you try them - frequently - before your event or whatever the purpose you bought them. There's almost no eye relief and even long eyelashes will interfere with your view, so practice with them and you'll eventually be pleased. And remember, they were only $19.90... UPDATE: After using these to watch the wildlife in our yard, I used them at the Joe Bonamassa concert in Saint Louis (11/03/2012). They performed very well; highly recommended for the purpose!
I provide the content of the target node and its neighbors' information. The relation between the target node and its 1-hop neighbors is 'co-purchase'. Question: Which of the following types does this photo item belong to? Here are the 12 categories:
0: Video Surveillance
1: Accessories
2: Binoculars & Scopes
3: Video
4: Lighting & Studio
5: Bags & Cases
6: Tripods & Monopods
7: Flashes
8: Digital Cameras
9: Film Photography
10: Lenses
11: Underwater Photography
Question: Based on the content of the target and neighbors' photo item, predict the category ID (0 to 11) for the target node.
| 2
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Binoculars & Scopes
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photo
| 9,490
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val
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1-hop neighbor's text information: branch_predictor.branch predictor computer architecture branch predictor digital circuit tries guess way branch e.g if–then–else structure go known definitively purpose branch predictor improve flow instruction pipeline branch predictors play critical role achieving high effective performance many modern pipelined microprocessor architectures x86 two-way branching usually implemented conditional jump instruction conditional jump either taken continue execution first branch code follows immediately conditional jump taken jump different place program memory second branch code stored known certain whether conditional jump taken taken condition calculated conditional jump passed execution stage instruction pipeline see fig 1 without branch prediction processor would wait conditional jump instruction passed execute stage next instruction enter fetch stage pipeline branch predictor attempts avoid waste time trying guess whether conditional jump likely taken taken branch guessed likely fetched speculatively executed later detected guess wrong speculatively executed partially executed instructions discarded pipeline starts correct branch incurring delay time wasted case branch misprediction equal number stages pipeline fetch stage execute stage modern microprocessors tend quite long pipelines misprediction delay 10 20 clock cycles result making pipeline longer increases need advanced branch predictor first time conditional jump instruction encountered much information base prediction branch predictor keeps records whether branches taken taken encounters conditional jump seen several times base prediction history branch predictor may example recognize conditional jump taken often taken every second time branch prediction branch target prediction branch prediction attempts guess whether conditional jump taken branch target prediction attempts guess target taken conditional unconditional jump computed decoding executing instruction branch prediction branch target prediction often combined circuitry static prediction simplest branch prediction technique rely information dynamic history code executing instead predicts outcome branch based solely branch instruction early implementations sparc mips two first commercial risc architectures used single-direction static branch prediction always predict conditional jump taken always fetch next sequential instruction branch jump evaluated found taken instruction pointer get set non-sequential address cpus evaluate branches decode stage single cycle instruction fetch result branch target recurrence two cycles long machine always fetches instruction immediately taken branch architectures define branch delay slots order utilize fetched instructions advanced form static prediction presumes backward branches taken forward branches backward branch one target address lower address technique help prediction accuracy loops usually backward-pointing branches taken often taken processors allow branch prediction hints inserted code tell whether static prediction taken taken intel pentium 4 accepts branch prediction hints feature abandoned later intel processors static prediction used fall-back technique processors dynamic branch prediction dynamic predictors sufficient information use motorola mpc7450 g4e intel pentium 4 use technique fall-back static prediction decisions made compile time execution program dynamic branch prediction uses information taken taken branches gathered run-time predict outcome branch using random pseudorandom bit pure guess would guarantee every branch 50 correct prediction rate improved worsened reordering instructions simplest static prediction assume take compilers reorder instructions get better 50 correct prediction also would make timing much nondeterministic superscalar processors mips r8000 alpha 21264 alpha 21464 ev8 fetch line instructions pointer next line next-line predictor handles branch target prediction well branch direction prediction next-line predictor points aligned groups 2 4 8 instructions branch target usually first instruction fetched initial instructions fetched wasted assuming simplicity uniform distribution branch targets 0.5 1.5 3.5 instructions fetched discarded respectively since branch generally last instruction aligned group instructions taken branch delay slot discarded assuming uniform distribution branch instruction placements 0.5 1.5 3.5 instructions fetched discarded discarded instructions branch destination lines add nearly complete fetch cycle even single-cycle next-line predictor 1-bit saturating counter essentially flip-flop records last outcome branch simple version dynamic branch predictor possible although accurate 2-bit saturating counter state machine four states branch evaluated corresponding state machine updated branches evaluated taken change state toward strongly taken branches evaluated taken change state toward strongly taken advantage two-bit counter scheme one-bit scheme conditional jump deviate twice done past prediction changes example loop-closing conditional jump mispredicted rather twice original non-mmx intel pentium processor uses saturating counter though imperfect implementation spec'89 benchmarks large bimodal predictors saturate 93.5 correct every branch maps unique counter predictor table indexed instruction address bits processor fetch prediction every instruction instruction decoded two-level branch predictor also referred correlation-based branch predictor uses two-dimensional table counters also called pattern history table table entries two-bit counters codice_1 statement executed three times decision made third execution might depend upon whether previous two taken scenarios two-level adaptive predictor works efficiently saturation counter conditional jumps taken every second time regularly recurring pattern predicted well saturating counter two-level adaptive predictor remembers history last n occurrences branch uses one saturating counter possible 2 history patterns method illustrated figure 3 consider example n 2 means last two occurrences branch stored two-bit shift register branch history register four different binary values 00 01 10 11 zero means taken one means taken pattern history table contains four entries per branch one 2 4 possible branch histories entry table contains two-bit saturating counter type figure 2 branch branch history register used choosing four saturating counters use history 00 first counter used history 11 last four counters used assume example conditional jump taken every third time branch sequence 001001001 ... case entry number 00 pattern history table go state strongly taken indicating two zeroes comes one entry number 01 go state strongly taken indicating 01 comes zero case entry number 10 entry number 11 never used never two consecutive ones general rule two-level adaptive predictor n-bit history predict repetitive sequence period n-bit sub-sequences different advantage two-level adaptive predictor quickly learn predict arbitrary repetitive pattern method invented t.-y yeh yale patt university michigan since initial publication 1991 method become popular variants prediction method used modern microprocessors local branch predictor separate history buffer conditional jump instruction may use two-level adaptive predictor history buffer separate conditional jump instruction pattern history table may separate well may shared conditional jumps intel pentium mmx pentium ii pentium iii local branch predictors local 4-bit history local pattern history table 16 entries conditional jump spec'89 benchmarks large local predictors saturate 97.1 correct global branch predictor keep separate history record conditional jump instead keeps shared history conditional jumps advantage shared history correlation different conditional jumps part making predictions disadvantage history diluted irrelevant information different conditional jumps uncorrelated history buffer may include bits branch many branches may use two-level adaptive predictor scheme better saturating counter scheme large table sizes rarely good local prediction history buffer must longer order make good prediction size pattern history table grows exponentially size history buffer hence big pattern history table must shared among conditional jumps two-level adaptive predictor globally shared history buffer pattern history table called gshare predictor xors global history branch pc gselect concatenates global branch prediction used amd processors intel pentium core core 2 silvermont-based atom processors alloyed branch predictor combines local global prediction principles concatenating local global branch histories possibly bits program counter well tests indicate via nano processor may using technique agree predictor two-level adaptive predictor globally shared history buffer pattern history table additional local saturating counter outputs local global predictors xored give final prediction purpose reduce contentions pattern history table two branches opposite prediction happen share entry pattern history table agree predictor used first version intel pentium 4 later abandoned hybrid predictor also called combined predictor implements one prediction mechanism final prediction based either meta-predictor remembers predictors made best predictions past majority vote function based odd number different predictors scott mcfarling proposed combined branch prediction 1993 paper spec'89 benchmarks predictor good local predictor predictors like gshare use multiple table entries track behavior particular branch multiplication entries makes much likely two branches map table entry situation called aliasing turn makes much likely prediction accuracy suffer branches multiple predictors beneficial arrange predictor different aliasing patterns likely least one predictor aliasing combined predictors different indexing functions different predictors called gskew predictors analogous skewed associative caches used data instruction caching conditional jump controls loop best predicted special loop predictor conditional jump bottom loop repeats n times taken n-1 times taken conditional jump placed top loop taken n-1 times taken conditional jump goes many times one way way detected loop behavior conditional jump predicted easily simple counter loop predictor part hybrid predictor meta-predictor detects whether conditional jump loop behavior indirect jump instruction choose among two branches processors specialized indirect branch predictors newer processors intel amd predict indirect branches using two-level adaptive predictor kind instruction contributes one bit history buffer zec12 later z/architecture processors ibm support instruction preload branch predictor entry given instruction branch target address constructed adding contents general-purpose register immediate displacement value processors without mechanism simply predict indirect jump go target last time function normally return called return instruction indirect jump reads target address call stack many microprocessors separate prediction mechanism return instructions mechanism based so-called return stack buffer local mirror call stack size return stack buffer typically 4 16 entries trade-off fast branch prediction good branch prediction sometimes dealt two branch predictors first branch predictor fast simple second branch predictor slower complicated bigger tables override possibly wrong prediction made first predictor alpha 21264 alpha ev8 microprocessors used fast single-cycle next-line predictor handle branch target recurrence provide simple fast branch prediction next-line predictor inaccurate branch resolution recurrence takes long cores two-cycle secondary branch predictors override prediction next-line predictor cost single lost fetch cycle intel core i7 two branch target buffers possibly two branch predictors machine learning branch prediction using lvq multi-layer perceptrons called neural branch prediction proposed lucian vintan lucian blaga university sibiu one year later developed perceptron branch predictor neural branch predictor research developed much daniel jimenez 2001 first perceptron predictor presented feasible implement hardware first commercial implementation perceptron branch predictor amd piledriver microarchitecture main advantage neural predictor ability exploit long histories requiring linear resource growth classical predictors require exponential resource growth jimenez reports global improvement 5.7 mcfarling-style hybrid predictor also used gshare/perceptron overriding hybrid predictors main disadvantage perceptron predictor high latency even taking advantage high-speed arithmetic tricks computation latency relatively high compared clock period many modern microarchitectures order reduce prediction latency jimenez proposed 2003 fast-path neural predictor perceptron predictor chooses weights according current branch path rather according branch pc many researchers developed concept a. seznec m. monchiero d. tarjan k. skadron v. desmet akkary et al. k. aasaraai michael black etc state-of-the-art branch predictors using perceptron predictor see intel championship branch prediction competition intel already implements idea one ia-64 simulators 2003 amd ryzen multi-core processor infinity fabric samsung exynos processor include perceptron based neural branch predictor ibm 7030 stretch designed late 1950s pre-executes unconditional branches conditional branches depended index registers conditional branches first two production models implemented predict untaken subsequent models changed implement predictions based current values indicator bits corresponding today condition codes stretch designers considered static hint bits branch instructions early project decided misprediction recovery provided lookahead unit stretch part stretch reputation less-than-stellar performance blamed time required misprediction recovery subsequent ibm large computer designs use branch prediction speculative execution ibm 3090 1985 two-bit predictors introduced tom mcwilliams curt widdoes 1977 lawrence livermore national lab s-1 supercomputer independently jim smith 1979 cdc microprogrammed processors popular 1960s 1980s beyond took multiple cycles per instruction generally require branch prediction however addition ibm 3090 several examples microprogrammed designs incorporated branch prediction burroughs b4900 microprogrammed cobol machine released around 1982 pipelined used branch prediction b4900 branch prediction history state stored back in-memory instructions program execution b4900 implements 4-state branch prediction using 4 semantically equivalent branch opcodes represent branch operator type opcode used indicated history particular branch instruction hardware determines branch prediction state particular branch needs updated rewrites opcode semantically equivalent opcode hinted proper history scheme obtains 93 hit rate others granted scheme vax 9000 announced 1989 microprogrammed pipelined performs branch prediction first commercial risc processors mips r2000 r3000 earlier sparc processors trivial not-taken branch prediction use branch delay slots fetched one instruction per cycle execute in-order performance loss later r4000 uses trivial not-taken branch prediction loses two cycles taken branch branch resolution recurrence four cycles long branch prediction became important introduction pipelined superscalar processors like intel pentium dec alpha 21064 mips r8000 ibm power series processors rely one-bit simple bimodal predictors dec alpha 21264 ev6 uses next-line predictor overridden combined local predictor global predictor combining choice made bimodal predictor amd k8 combined bimodal global predictor combining choice another bimodal predictor processor caches base choice bimodal predictor counters bits l2 cache otherwise used ecc result effectively large base choice predictor tables parity rather ecc instructions l2 cache parity design sufficient since instruction suffering parity error invalidated refetched memory alpha 21464 ev8 cancelled late design minimum branch misprediction penalty 14 cycles use complex fast next-line predictor overridden combined bimodal majority-voting predictor majority vote bimodal two gskew predictors 2018 catastrophic security vulnerability called spectre made public google project zero researchers affecting virtually modern cpus vulnerability involves extracting private data leftover data caches branch mispredictions
1-hop neighbor's text information: mmx_(instruction_set).mmx instruction set mmx single instruction multiple data simd instruction set designed intel introduced 1997 p5-based pentium line microprocessors designated pentium mmx technology developed similar unit introduced intel i860 earlier intel i750 video pixel processor mmx processor supplementary capability supported recent ia-32 processors intel vendors new york times described initial push including super bowl ads focused new generation glitzy multimedia products including videophones 3-d video games mmx subsequently extended several programs intel others 3dnow streaming simd extensions sse ongoing revisions advanced vector extensions avx mmx officially meaningless initialism trademarked intel unofficially initials variously explained standing newsweek described 57 new 'instructions etched microscopically onto face chip amd one numerous court battles intel produced marketing material intel indicating mmx stood matrix math extensions since initialism trademarked attempt invalidate intel trademark 1995 intel filed suit amd cyrix corp. misuse trademark mmx amd intel settled amd acknowledging mmx trademark owned intel intel granting amd rights use mmx trademark technology name processor name mmx defines eight registers called mm0 mm7 operations operate register 64 bits wide used hold either 64-bit integers multiple smaller integers packed format single instruction applied two 32-bit integers four 16-bit integers eight 8-bit integers mmx provides integer operations originally developed intel i860 use integer math made sense 2d 3d calculations required graphics cards much became common integer simd cpu became somewhat redundant graphical applications hand saturation arithmetic operations mmx could significantly speed digital signal processing applications avoid compatibility problems context switch mechanisms existing operating systems mmx registers aliases existing x87 fpu registers context switches would already save restore unlike x87 registers behave like stack mmx registers directly addressable random access operation involving floating point stack might also affect mmx registers vice versa aliasing makes difficult work floating point simd operations application maximize performance programmers often used processor exclusively one mode deferring relatively slow switch long possible 64-bit mmx register corresponds mantissa part 80-bit x87 register upper 16 bits x87 registers thus go unused mmx bits set ones making nans infinities floating point representation used applications decide whether particular register content intended floating point simd data software support mmx slow coming intel c compiler related development tools obtained intrinsics invoking mmx instructions intel released libraries common vectorized algorithms using mmx intel metrowerks attempted automatic vectorization compilers operations c programming language mapped poorly onto mmx instruction set custom algorithms 2000 typically still written assembly amd competing x86 microprocessor vendor enhanced intel mmx 3dnow instruction set 3dnow best known adding single-precision 32-bit floating-point support simd instruction-set among integer general enhancements following mmx intel next major x86 extension sse introduced pentium-iii family 1999 roughly year amd 3dnow introduced sse addressed core shortcomings mmx inability mix integer-simd ops floating-point ops creating new 128-bit wide register file xmm0–xmm7 new simd instructions like 3dnow sse focused exclusively single-precision floating-point operations 32-bit integer simd operations still performed using mmx register instruction set however new xmm register-file allowed sse simd-operations freely mixed either mmx x87 fpu ops sse2 introduced pentium 4 extended x86 simd instruction set integer 8/16/32 bit double-precision floating-point data support xmm register file sse2 also allowed mmx opcodes use xmm register operands extended even wider ymm zmm registers later sse revisions intel marvell xscale microprocessor core starting pxa270 include simd instruction set extension arm core called iwmmxt whose functions similar ia-32 mmx extension iwmmxt stands intel wireless mmx technology provides arithmetic logic operations 64-bit integer numbers software may choose instead perform two 32-bit four 16-bit eight 8-bit operations single instruction extension contains 16 data registers 64-bits eight control registers 32-bits registers accessed standard arm architecture coprocessor mapping mechanism iwmmxt occupies coprocessors 0 1 space opcodes clash opcodes earlier floating-point extension fpa later versions marvell arm processors supports wmmx wireless mmx wmmx2 wireless mmx2 support
1-hop neighbor's text information: comparison_of_cpu_microarchitectures.comparison cpu microarchitectures following comparison cpu microarchitectures
Target text information: transmeta_efficeon.transmeta efficeon efficeon processor transmeta second-generation 256-bit vliw design released 2004 employs software engine code morphing software aka cms convert code written x86 processors native instruction set chip like predecessor transmeta crusoe 128-bit vliw architecture efficeon stresses computational efficiency low power consumption low thermal footprint efficeon closely mirrors feature set intel pentium 4 processors although like amd opteron processors supports fully integrated memory controller hypertransport io bus nx bit no-execute x86 extension pae mode nx bit support available starting cms version 6.0.4 efficeon computational performance relative mobile cpus like intel pentium thought lower although little appears published relative performance competing processors efficeon came two package types 783- 592-contact ball grid array power consumption moderate consuming little 3 watts 1 ghz 7 watts 1.5 ghz passively cooled two generations chip produced first generation tm8600 manufactured using tsmc 0.13 micrometre process produced speeds 1.2 ghz second generation tm8800 tm8820 manufactured using fujitsu 90 nm process produced speeds ranging 1 ghz 1.7 ghz internally efficeon two arithmetic logic units two load/store/add units two execute units two floating-point/mmx/sse/sse2 units one branch prediction unit one alias unit one control unit vliw core execute 256-bit vliw instruction per cycle called molecule room store eight 32-bit instructions called atoms per cycle efficeon 128 kb l1 instruction cache 64 kb l1 data cache 1 mb l2 cache caches die additionally efficeon cms code morphing software reserves small portion main memory typically 32 mb translation cache dynamically translated x86 instructions
I provide the content of the target node and its neighbors' information. The relation between the target node and its 1-hop neighbors is 'citation'. The 10 categories are:
0: Computational Linguistics
1: Databases
2: Operating Systems
3: Computer Architecture
4: Computer Security
5: Internet Protocols
6: Computer File Systems
7: Distributed Computing Architecture
8: Web Technology
9: Programming Language Topics
Question: Based on the content of the target and neighbors' Wikipedia page, predict the category ID (0 to 9) for the target node.
| 3
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Computer Architecture
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wikics
| 725
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val
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1-hop neighbor's text information: Very reliable, up to 2x speed These TDK 8 cm (3 in.) DVD-R blanks are to be used mostly in DVD camcorders from Panasonic, Sony and Hitachi. I use them in my beloved Panasonic VDR-D300 3CCD DVD camcorder (see my review of the camcorder on Amazon). These DVD-R blanks are pre-formatted so all I need to do is pop one into my Panasonic and start shooting. I shoot at the highest quality setting (called "XP" on the Panasonic) which gives me about 18 minutes of recording time. After I'm done with one disk, I finalize it on the Panasonic which makes it playable in all DVD players as well as most computer DVD-ROM drives. (The only DVD drives not compatible with 8 cm discs are those that suck the disc in. These small discs must be used in tray-loading or cartridge-loading drives. Very few people, other than some Apple computer owners, have those sucking drives.) The TDK discs, manufactured by a Taiwanese company for TDK, are quite reliable. I've gone through two dozen and have not encoutnered any problems. The only unknown is shelf life of these discs. I make backup copies of my videos both on hard drives and on a regular DVD-R. Because your own home video recordings are not encrypted, you can simply copy the files on the TDK disc to a blank regular-sized DVD-R via Windows Explorer. It's really simple. Of course, since these are R discs, they can be used only once. If you want a rewritable RW blank, check out the TDK Camcorder DVD-RW 3-pack.
Target text information: Only way to record memories! This is top of the line to create home movies and memories! No chance of recording over. Best way to go.
I provide the content of the target node and its neighbors' information. The relation between the target node and its 1-hop neighbors is 'co-purchase'. Question: Which of the following types does this photo item belong to? Here are the 12 categories:
0: Video Surveillance
1: Accessories
2: Binoculars & Scopes
3: Video
4: Lighting & Studio
5: Bags & Cases
6: Tripods & Monopods
7: Flashes
8: Digital Cameras
9: Film Photography
10: Lenses
11: Underwater Photography
Question: Based on the content of the target and neighbors' photo item, predict the category ID (0 to 11) for the target node.
| 1
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Accessories
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photo
| 8,513
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test
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1-hop neighbor's text information: Five Stars Works great. Just as stated.
1-hop neighbor's text information: Better--and worse-- than expected The charger is excellent and charges these batteries faster than I expected. On a recent trip I found that I could charge both batteries in about three to fours after use (slightly less than 2 hours per battery for the full charge). I would shoot 300 to 450 pictures a day, constantly edit and delete photos, use the zoom alot and shoot at various focal lenths and shutter speeds with my Nikon P520. all of which consume battery power. But that leads to what I was slightly disappointed in. The Nikon battery is expected to shoot about 240 photos but of course that is without editing and using other features of the camera that draw on battery power. I estimate that battery gave me about 200 to 220 shots. The Wasabi batteries, which claim an extended life and more power, gave me an estimated 150 to 200 shots per battery, considerably less than expected. However, I did notice that the life of the charge lasted a bit longer with each battery discharge and recharge. Would I buy this kit again? Yes. Overall for generics at about a third of the price as the name brands, this purchase was a very good buy.
1-hop neighbor's text information: Works well. Good value. Arrived quickly and in perfect condition. Both chargers and batteries work well. The car cigarette lighter attachment is very useful when travelling. Good value.
Target text information: Nikon Coolpix Battery Replacement for P520 Very satisfied...fully charged
I provide the content of the target node and its neighbors' information. The relation between the target node and its 1-hop neighbors is 'co-purchase'. Question: Which of the following types does this photo item belong to? Here are the 12 categories:
0: Video Surveillance
1: Accessories
2: Binoculars & Scopes
3: Video
4: Lighting & Studio
5: Bags & Cases
6: Tripods & Monopods
7: Flashes
8: Digital Cameras
9: Film Photography
10: Lenses
11: Underwater Photography
Question: Based on the content of the target and neighbors' photo item, predict the category ID (0 to 11) for the target node.
| 1
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Accessories
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photo
| 36,488
|
test
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1-hop neighbor's text information: Title: Induction of diabetes is influenced by the infectious virus and local expression of MHC class I and tumor necrosis factor-alpha.
Abstract: To study self reactivity, a transgenic mouse model has been established in which the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) glycoprotein (gp) is expressed in the beta-islet cells of the pancreas (rat insulin promoter (RIP)-gp). These mice (H-2b) do not spontaneously develop diabetes; however, infection with the LCMV strain WE rapidly induces hyperglycemia. In this study, comparative analysis of H-2k RIP-gp-transgenic animals demonstrated that the haplotype influences the incidence and kinetics of diabetes and alters the requirement for the CD4+ T cell subset. This study also showed that the properties of the virus expressing the self target Ag determined whether hyperglycemia occurred in RIP-gp-transgenic mice. Various LCMV strains were able to induce diabetes in RIP-gp-transgenic animals, whereas infection with a recombinant vaccinia virus expressing LCMV-gp (vacc-gp) did not induce diabetes. However, vacc-gp could induce diabetes in double (RIP-gp/TCR)-transgenic mice, where the majority of CD8+ T cells expressed a receptor specific for LCMV-gp, suggesting that a critical number of self-reactive T cells must be activated to induce disease. Notably, histologic analysis of pancreata taken various days after LCMV or vacc-gp infections indicated that induction of diabetes coincided with an increase in MHC class I expression on the islets of Langerhans. Additional studies with vacc-gp were done to determine other factors that possibly enhance autoimmune attack. Transgenic mice expressing both LCMV-gp and TNF-alpha under the control of the RIP were infected with vacc-gp, and 50% of RIP-gp/TNF-alpha-transgenic animals became hyperglycemic. These data suggest that the increased local lymphocyte traffic as a result of TNF-alpha expression attracts activated gp-specific T cells, enhancing the possibility of hyperglycemia. Collectively, these results demonstrate that the induction of diabetes in this model is influenced by the MHC haplotype, the infectious agent, TNF-alpha expression, the level of MHC class I expression, and the induction of a threshold number of self-reactive CTL.
1-hop neighbor's text information: Title: Absence of T cell tolerance to pancreatic islet cells.
Abstract: To examine whether the lack of self-tolerance to beta cells is responsible for the development of type I diabetes in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice, we attempted to induce T cell responses to cells from the islets of Langerhans. The data show that all NOD mice, irrespective of age, sex, and disease progression, possess islet cell-specific CD4+, MHC class II-restricted T cells. Both primary and secondary proliferative responses to islet cells were readily induced. The activation of T cells required presentation of islet cell Ag by APC in the responding lymph node cell population. Cells from other tissues, e.g., salivary gland, adrenal gland, and spleen, failed to activate autologous T lymphocytes. T cells specific for other Ag did not respond to islet cells, indicating that the proliferation is not the result of nonspecific stimulation by islet cell products. The presence of islet cell-reactive T cells is, however, not unique to NOD mice, because similar T cell reactivity was also demonstrated in non-diabetes-prone mouse strains. Hence, self-tolerance to islet cells appears to be absent. The results indicate a normal occurrence of islet cell-reactive T cells in both diabetes-prone as well as non-diabetes-prone mice. Thus, the lack of tolerance cannot be the initial cause of diabetes, but the activation of such autoreactive T cells may be important for the development of the disease.
1-hop neighbor's text information: Title: Costimulator B7-1 confers antigen-presenting-cell function to parenchymal tissue and in conjunction with tumor necrosis factor alpha leads to autoimmunity in transgenic mice.
Abstract: Tolerance to peripheral antigens is thought to result from the inability of parenchymal tissue to stimulate T cells--an inability that is believed to relate to the lack of expression of the costimulatory signal(s) required for T-cell activation. To test this model, we generated transgenic mice expressing costimulatory molecule B7-1 on the B cells of the pancreas. We find that islets from these transgenic mice are immunogenic for naive T cells in vitro and in vivo. Nonetheless, mice expressing the costimulator B7-1 specifically on beta cells do not develop diabetes, suggesting that expression of the B7-1 costimulator is not sufficient to abrogate the tolerance to peripheral antigens. We have reported that tumor necrosis factor alpha subunit (TNF-alpha) expressed by beta cells leads to a local inflammation but no islet destruction. Strikingly, however, the combination of a local inflammation due to the expression of the cytokine TNF-alpha and the expression of B7-1 results in tissue destruction and diabetes.
Target text information: Title: Mice expressing both B7-1 and viral glycoprotein on pancreatic beta cells along with glycoprotein-specific transgenic T cells develop diabetes due to a breakdown of T-lymphocyte unresponsiveness.
Abstract: T lymphocytes have been implicated in the onset of many autoimmune diseases; however, the mechanisms underlying T-cell activation toward self antigens are poorly understood. To study whether T-lymphocyte costimulation can overcome the immunologic unresponsiveness observed in an in vivo model, we have created transgenic mice expressing the costimulatory mouse molecule B7-1, a ligand for the CD28 receptor, on pancreatic beta cells. We now report that triple-transgenic mice expressing both B7-1 and a viral glycoprotein on their beta cells, along with T cells expressing the viral-glycoprotein-specific transgenic T-cell receptor, all develop insulitis (lymphocytic infiltration of the pancreatic islets) and diabetes. In striking contrast, the T cells in double-transgenic mice expressing the same viral glycoprotein (but no B7) on their pancreatic beta cells and the transgenic T-cell receptor on their T cells, reported earlier, remain indifferent to the glycoprotein-expressing beta cells. In fact, all three transgenes are required to initiate immune-mediated destruction of the beta cells. Mice expressing any of the transgenes alone, or any two in combination, maintain normal islet architecture and never spontaneously develop insulitis or diabetes. Our results show that aberrant B7 expression on peripheral tissues may play an important role in the activation of self-reactive T cells and further suggest that abnormal expression of costimulatory receptors may be involved in various T-cell-mediated autoimmune diseases.
I provide the content of the target node and its neighbors' information. The relation between the target node and its 1-hop neighbors is 'citation'. The 3 categories are:
0: Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental
1: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1
2: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
Question: Based on the content of the target and neighbors' scientific publication, predict the category ID (0 to 2) for the target node.
| 0
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Experimental
|
pubmed
| 5,985
|
val
|
1-hop neighbor's text information: Amazing sharp lens This lens is super sharp and shoots amazing photos, it's a little heavy but I've shot flying birds, portraits, indoor concerts, insects, etc.
1-hop neighbor's text information: Better than the Tamron 150-600 I purchased and returned two copies of the Tamron 150-600 because I was unable to obtain sharp handheld images on any consistent level, particularly above 500mm. I'm honestly not sure what the issue/s were, maybe the Vibration Compensation, maybe the AF, maybe the glass, maybe a combination of issues...but, all I know is that this Sigma 150-600 C was consistently tack sharp as a handheld right out of the box! The Optical Stabilization is fast, solid and dependable, and when coupled with the compact size and relative light weight, it becomes an exceptional handheld super telephoto lens...the best I have ever used. At f/8, this lens truly competes with the image quality of much more expensive lenses. Sigma has found a way to offer nature photographers excellence in form, function and price! Here's a completely unedited crop of one of the first images I took from my back porch while testing the lens. Here's some photos I've taken so far with this lens. It's coupled with a Canon 70D and all shots are handheld except for the moon.
1-hop neighbor's text information: Nikon Reflex 500mm F8 N This is one of the sharpest 500mm F8 Reflex lens that I have ever use other than my Nikon 500mm F4 VR2 AF-S . Its fast and Bright in Focusing with the Nikon D3S and Nikon D300s. Its donut background give me the different kind of feeling and different approach in a more artistic way rather then what a lot Professional rate it as "Messy Background ". Landscape and Birding Photos taken were Jaw Drop that is comparable to any High End Optical Telephoto lens . Focusing distance between objects and lens were superbly close . Contrast and sharpest were stunning . No regrets buying this piece of Jewel that is No longer made by Nikon . In time to come ,this Reflex lens is going be highly collectable and the price may shoot up to sky high . Here I rest assure that a lot Pro and Amateur that have use this piece of Jewel will agreed with me in terms of the price and quality built(Built like a Tank ). The Best of all Mirror Reflex 500m F8 lens ever built by Nikon in the late 80's.
Target text information: Great lens I just received this lens today and I have only had a chance to take a few test shots, indoors and in low light. If the shots I took are an indication of things to come, then, I am totaly in love. The images I got were sharp, even though they were handheld at 1/60th sec. The lens is heavy and better suited to use with a sturdy tripod, but is suprisingly easy to use handheld. I will update when I have had sufficent time to put it through the test, but, as of now, I am pretty sure this is a winner! UPDATE: After having this lens for a little over a week, and having a chance to use it in a few different situations, I must say, this is an extremely nice lens. There is virtually no chromatic abboration, very little distortion, it produces a very nice bokeh, the shots are crisp, you can focus at around 10 ft. to infinity. The focus is fairly fast, and with the addition on the Sigma dock, it is easily customized to your own shooting prefrences. I also love the fact that the front of the lens does not rotate when focusing, which allows you to use a circular polarizer, or graduated nd filter with no problems. It is a rather heavy lens, and very large (if you want to draw attention, this will do it). Also, you do need t to remember to change settings when going from a close-up to a long shot, as it really makes a differnce when focusing. Bottom line, this is a fantastic lens at a great price!
I provide the content of the target node and its neighbors' information. The relation between the target node and its 1-hop neighbors is 'co-purchase'. Question: Which of the following types does this photo item belong to? Here are the 12 categories:
0: Video Surveillance
1: Accessories
2: Binoculars & Scopes
3: Video
4: Lighting & Studio
5: Bags & Cases
6: Tripods & Monopods
7: Flashes
8: Digital Cameras
9: Film Photography
10: Lenses
11: Underwater Photography
Question: Based on the content of the target and neighbors' photo item, predict the category ID (0 to 11) for the target node.
| 10
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Lenses
|
photo
| 27,079
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test
|
1-hop neighbor's text information: Perfect for the serious video hobbyist and my Canon Vixia HF G10 I've been searching for a long time for a tripod and video head combo to serve my needs as a dedicated video hobbyist. I ended up pairing this head with a Manfrotto MT190XPRO3 tripod, which I also love. The tripod will be a separate review, but let it suffice to say that if you're in the same quandary trying to find a video head and tripod to work well together, give this a serious look. I'm not a pro, nor anything close, but I do have serious amateur needs for video that sometimes approach (semi-)professional. When I do pans and tilts they need to be smooth and controlled. I had looked at heads such as the Manfrotto 502HD, but I'm using a Canon Vixia HF-G10 and it needed a head for a lighter camcorder. Everything seemed like overkill. I was willing to spend the money, but I wasn't using a 10 lb. video cam. And as you probably already know, finding a good match of head to the camcorder size/weight is important. First of all, don't pair this head with too lightweight of a tripod. Other reviewers have complained that when panning this head will lift the tripod right off the floor. Well, its possible. The fluid motion is stiff, but thats what makes it work so well. You cant make accidental sudden jerky movements. You need to push from side to side (or up and down), and it needs something to push against. A lightweight tripod just won't do the trick. I like to grip the rubber grip on the Manfrotto tripod when doing a pan or tilt to make sure that everything stays solid. Learn to do it and you won't have a problem. The fluid motion is gorgeous, especially for its price range. The pan and tilt adjustments can be tweaked, and locked down completely, but it won't allow you to adjust so loosely that you lose the effectiveness of the fluidity. This is NOT the head that you want if you're going to be trying to video fast sports action, but its perfect for following a speaker, panning nature shots, or the kids at play. For a camcorder the size of my G10, the two-position tilt fluidity selector knob doesn't have a lot of effect. Changing the selection does make a difference, but not dramatically so. But if you were using a DSLR with a longer, heavier lens I'm sure it would be an important adjustment. I use the "short lens" position. The included bubble level is a must, although its a little difficult to see. Pack a penlight for low-light situations, or be prepared to use your cell phone's light. When mated with the tripod, the tripods level and the head's level were pretty close in agreement, but not exactly. This indicated to me that there may have been some minor machining tolerance matchup problems between the tripod plate and head. However, it was certainly nothing to cause a problem. When setting up, I use the tripod level for gross adjustment (it's easier to see) and then tweak the tripod for final adjustment with the level on the head. There is no level adjustment on the head itself. Dont pay any attention to the reviewers who say that this head is made of cheap plastic. Manfrotto doesnt make cheap. The material in question is a polymer. Look it up - its much tougher than plastic. No, its not a $1000 head, but its good quality and with a little common sense will hold up just fine. And the parts that need to be are made of aluminum. You'll appreciate the weight difference. One small complaint is that to adjust the handle position the handle adjustment knob has to be backed off until the meshed teeth disengage completely, and then tightened back down. The teeth lock the handle in place once adjusted, and thats good. But I leave the head attached to the tripod, so when I go to put it away in the bag I have to loosen and swivel the handle down each time. A quick-release system for the handle would have been nice but I can live with it, and its not enough of an issue to deduct points. Theres a quick release plate for the camcorder/camera which I love! I attached the plate to my camcorder and it stays attached. Its not large at all, in fact it's small. With a couple of minutes of practice you can then learn to hold the camcorder with one or both hands and it just pops into place on the head and locks with a spring action. So smooth! Just be sure to have the latch set in the released position before you go to insert the camcorder/plate. To unlock, press down the spring-loaded safety with the thumb and move the locking release lever with the index finger. Lift out with the other hand, or use two hands. Its a two-second process. Great job on this one, Manfrotto! Note that most Manfrotto tripods have a set screw under the mounting plate that you can tighten after mounting the head to help assure that the head doesnt come loose. If you're going to be leaving the head attached be sure to tighten the set screw to avoid headaches later, since the head just screws onto the inch mount. It could come loose during use. While it wouldnt be likely to just fall off, it would cause serious wobble that might ruin a shot. To sum up, you can put less into a cheap head, but you get what you pay for. You can certainly pay a lot more for semi-pro or pro heads, but if you have a small camcorder and don't have pro needs, this may be the head for you. It would also work well for video taken with DSLRs.
1-hop neighbor's text information: Replaces 3130 head & works well w/ Bogen/Manfrotto tripods I have the same head with the older model designation of 3130 (which uses the older non-notched quick-release plates as well as the newer notched 'N' plate). This head is heavier than similar-sized heads in the model lineup but holds a 9 lb. camera well and the heft dampens vibration from below better than the lighter models (a plus for working with on-camera mic in certain environments). The fluid action is smooth and improves substantially with use. The overall quality of fit and finish is high. When used with a Manfotto tripod the base attaches firmly with the use of the tripod's base set-screws (which secure via an inner ring of recessed beveled surfaces on the underside of this head). With that proviso, there is no problem with the head loosening as mentioned in the previous review. The size of the 3/8 inch mounting with beveled surface ring is a match for Manfrotto tripods and this unit is best used with that brand of tripod. Considering the overall quality and modest price it is a good bet for medium-sized cameras (up to 10 lbs. or so). For smaller cameras, I switch to the Manfrotto 700RC2 which is well suiting to the new generation of "pop-can"-sized cameras (like Canon's Vixia/Ivis series). Both heads are low-cost, simple units.
1-hop neighbor's text information: Cheap price but awesome product! I was very indecisive about buying this product after reading reviews about how it's poorly made. I was afraid it wouldn't be able to hold my canon t3i, but for the price I said why not and so far I'm loving it! I also love the fact that it comes with its own bag. Does the job, it's nothing fancy(which I didn't really care for anyways). Definitely would recommend this to my friends!!
Target text information: Good deal Exactly what I needed and at a fair price. The item was delivered as described and well packaged. Would do business again.
I provide the content of the target node and its neighbors' information. The relation between the target node and its 1-hop neighbors is 'co-purchase'. Question: Which of the following types does this photo item belong to? Here are the 12 categories:
0: Video Surveillance
1: Accessories
2: Binoculars & Scopes
3: Video
4: Lighting & Studio
5: Bags & Cases
6: Tripods & Monopods
7: Flashes
8: Digital Cameras
9: Film Photography
10: Lenses
11: Underwater Photography
Question: Based on the content of the target and neighbors' photo item, predict the category ID (0 to 11) for the target node.
| 6
|
Tripods & Monopods
|
photo
| 35,017
|
test
|
1-hop neighbor's text information: Title: Association between variations in the TLR4 gene and incident type 2 diabetes is modified by the ratio of total cholesterol to HDL-cholesterol.
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), the signaling receptor for lipopolysaccharides, is an important member of the innate immunity system. Since several studies have suggested that type 2 diabetes might be associated with changes in the innate immune response, we sought to investigate the association between genetic variants in the TLR4 gene and incident type 2 diabetes. METHODS: A case-cohort study was conducted in initially healthy, middle-aged subjects from the MONICA/KORA Augsburg studies including 498 individuals with incident type 2 diabetes and 1,569 non-cases. Seven SNPs were systematically selected in the TLR4 gene and haplotypes were reconstructed. RESULTS: The effect of TLR4 SNPs on incident type 2 diabetes was modified by the ratio of total cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TC/HDL-C). In men, four out of seven TLR4 variants showed significant interaction with TC/HDL-C after correction for multiple testing (p < 0.01). The influence of the minor alleles of those variants on the incidence of type 2 diabetes was observed particularly for male patients with high values of TC/HDL-C. Consistent with these findings, haplotype-based analyses also revealed that the effect of two haplotypes on incident type 2 diabetes was modified by TC/HDL-C in men (p < 10-3). However, none of the investigated variants or haplotypes was associated with type 2 diabetes in main effect models without assessment of effect modifications. CONCLUSION: We conclude that minor alleles of several TLR4 variants, although not directly associated with type 2 diabetes might increase the risk for type 2 diabetes in subjects with high TC/HDL-C. Additionally, our results confirm previous studies reporting sex-related dissimilarities in the development of type 2 diabetes.
Target text information: Title: Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile genotypes of the TLR4 gene are associated with a reduced prevalence of diabetic neuropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To establish whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile) of the toll-like receptor 4 have an association with late diabetic complications. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: The study was conducted in 246 type 1 and 530 type 2 diabetic patients. The alleles of both polymorphisms were detected using PCR and subsequent cleavage by NcoI and HinfI restriction endonucleases. RESULTS: No difference was found between type 1 and type 2 diabetic patients in the prevalence of alleles of the Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile polymorphisms. In most cases, the alleles Gly299 and Ile399 occurred in a co-segregatory manner. The prevalence of the Gly299/Ile399 haplotype was 10.6 and 12.1% in type 1 and type 2 diabetic patients, respectively (P = 0.63). No association with diabetic nephropathy or diabetic neuropathy was found in type 1 diabetic patients. In type 2 diabetic patients, however, heterozygote carriers of the Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile genotypes had a significantly reduced prevalence of diabetic neuropathy (odds ratio 0.35 [95% CI 0.19-0.61]; P = 0.0002); no association with diabetic nephropathy was found. CONCLUSIONS: Our data indicate that Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile genotypes of the TLR4 gene are associated with reduced prevalence of diabetic neuropathy in type 2, but not in type 1, diabetes. Thus different mechanisms may be involved in the pathophysiology of diabetic neuropathy in type 1 and type 2 diabetes.
I provide the content of the target node and its neighbors' information. The relation between the target node and its 1-hop neighbors is 'citation'. The 3 categories are:
0: Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental
1: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1
2: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
Question: Based on the content of the target and neighbors' scientific publication, predict the category ID (0 to 2) for the target node.
| 2
|
Diabetes Mellitus Type 2
|
pubmed
| 4,288
|
test
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1-hop neighbor's text information: Perhaps this design is a better fit for the a6300 The case itself has a quality appearance and texture; however, it does not fit my Sony a6000 properly (gaps in front and on the side). Perhaps this design is a better fit for the a6300, but the product description is inaccurate as it claims it fits the a6000. This is unfortunate, as I would have really liked this case had it fit.
1-hop neighbor's text information: Fits with access to ports and battery, and eye cup attached I was looking for a case for the a6000 that will offer protection when I want to bring just one lens attached to the camera and that will also store easily within my larger case. This fits the bill well. It also provides access to all ports and the battery. Added bonus is that it will fit around the eye cup.
1-hop neighbor's text information: GREAT BANK FOR YOUR BUCK!! This lens is awesome, I have a sony a6300 and have been looking to buy a lens to unlock its beauty. Don't get me wrong stock lens is great but this lens allow you to live the camera. It has an amazingly low aperture at 1.7 The only thing I would say is it takes getting used to since it is completely manual lens, NO AUTOFOCUS. But as soon as you get the hang of it you will be taking pro pictures in no time. I would consider myself an amateur photographer and I would say the pictures I took with this look very very professional, that's my opinion. At $83 this is a complete steal since Sony lens goes between $200-400 for something of this caliber. I attached some pictures I took with it. Also, fantastic prime lens for portrait pics! PS This is MY review I did NOT receive this product at a discounted rate, even though I really wish I did.
Target text information: Nice looking protection Does a nice job protecting camera base and looks pretty cool. I was skepticle about the sturdiness it would have when mounted but its completely secure and snugly fit.
I provide the content of the target node and its neighbors' information. The relation between the target node and its 1-hop neighbors is 'co-purchase'. Question: Which of the following types does this photo item belong to? Here are the 12 categories:
0: Video Surveillance
1: Accessories
2: Binoculars & Scopes
3: Video
4: Lighting & Studio
5: Bags & Cases
6: Tripods & Monopods
7: Flashes
8: Digital Cameras
9: Film Photography
10: Lenses
11: Underwater Photography
Question: Based on the content of the target and neighbors' photo item, predict the category ID (0 to 11) for the target node.
| 5
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Bags & Cases
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photo
| 37,539
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test
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1-hop neighbor's text information: Good camera, could use some updates. Bought this camera since i lost my canon powershot sd900. I only buy canon products but since nikon has been advertising the heck out of their products i thought i give it a chance. Overall this camera takes awesome photos. The in camera features are great as well. My only problem is that in order to review your photos you have to turn on the camera you just can't press the review button. When you do take a photo it takes forever for the preview to disappear. You can either have it on or off. With canon it gave you the option of 1,2 or 3 second preview. The last thing is that the flash is in an awkward place but as i was looking at the canon website every company is going to that format. I would recommend this camera to someone though. Rcubed.
1-hop neighbor's text information: This model is a good camera for the money Purchased the L340 after my Nikon Coolpix L120 stopped working because of a small "fall". It never gave me any issues and I always liked the way it worked and handled. So when I was looking for a new one I went right back to Nikon. After looking at several models I set a price range and ended up going with the L340. So far it does everything I liked in my L120 and it does it better. The picture quality is great and the zoom, while not the best on the market at this time, it is pretty damn good. The one thing I did not like about my L120 is that it ate batteries. With the L340, after several outings and a couple hundred pictures I am still on the first set of batteries. Which still show as relatively full. I am very happy with this camera so far. Of course if you spend more you can get better but I think this model is a good camera for the money.
1-hop neighbor's text information: Excellent little pocket camera with an impressive feature set I've been looking for a good quality point-and-shoot light-weight camera that fits in my pocket, has a long zoom, has a good viewfinder, one that travels easily, and not too costly. Turns out there aren't many choices that fit all these criteria. I enjoy photography, am a highly experienced photographer although not a pro, and have a really good camera with interchangeable lenses, etc. which I use when I want to get top quality pics and need to have a lot of control over focus, depth of field, mounted flash, etc. However, when traveling by air, hauling all that equipment around, taking up space in carry-on luggage, etc. tends to make me leave the really good camera at home. With pocket cameras I've used, I really miss having a viewfinder. I find them awkward to hold steady, and difficult to see on the backside LCD panel exactly what I'm getting in bright light or when I need to follow and catch fast moving objects (e.g., flying birds), particularly when the zoom is extended. I've been frustrated when I can't get the pics I want with those pocket cameras. So I went out on a limb, spent a little more than I had intended, and got the new Panasonic Lumix ZS50, which I preordered. I seldom buy new models of anything when they first come out, so for me this was a bit of a gamble. However, I have been pleasantly surprised so far with this little camera. It has an amazing feature set for something that really does fit in my pocket, has a good viewfinder and plenty of zoom. I have not given it a true test yet, taking thousands of pics under a wide range of lighting and distance conditions, so I will have to report back later. What I like so far: - camera takes good pictures in the auto mode under most conditions - viewfinder works well in bright light conditions, and switches on automatically when you hold it up to your eye - zoom and focusing are relatively quick and quiet - the steady shot feature works well, especially in shooting video - flexibility and control in non-auto modes (e.g., program mode when I want more control over depth of field, etc.) - several different focusing and exposure methods - ability to save images in RAW format as well as JPEG - the right hand grip feels fairly secure for such a small camera What I don't like so far: - viewfinder is off-center when holding the camera, compared with what I'm used to with larger cameras, so I can't grip it as securely with my left hand (because my nose is in the way) BUT I love having that viewfinder anyway! - lots of MODES in the menu system for settings (I eventually found that I needed to switch to program mode in order to find settings I was looking for, e.g., to save pics in RAW format, change focusing methods). Can be confusing at times, a bit of a learning curve. - the LCD display sometimes suddenly turns off and then back on, which had me baffled initially when playing back pics. Turns out I had moved a finger too close the the viewfinder, which fooled the camera into auto-switching to the viewfinder. - when taking flash pictures, it's too easy to partially block the flash somewhat on the right side, which casts a shadow--just something I'll need to get used to by gripping a little differently on the right side (I've had this problem with other pocket cameras that don't have pop-up flashes). Works fine when I move my fingers down on the right-side grip a little. - when doing the wi-fi setup, I could not enter user names or passwords that had spaces in them--I am stumped on this, and cannot understand why Panasonic would not allow selection of the 'space' character!!! - wi-fi will not transfer pics in RAW format, so have to use cable or take out memory card and plug into my computer--again, why? Granted 15 Mb per pic will take a lot longer to transfer than smaller JPEGs. - cannot charge battery outside of camera and must use Panasonic's cable - not sure yet whether 12 megapixel sensor will be enough resolution for severely cropped pics, printed at 8x10 in. or larger All in all, this is hands-down the best pocket camera I've owned and used. Why not 5 stars? I'll need to really give it the "road" test by taking thousands of pics under a wide range of conditions. Haven't had time to do this yet, and plan to edit this review later when I have. Added Comments: April 26, 2015 I've changed my rating to 5 stars now, after taking several hundred pictures under varying conditions. Here are my further observations: - Indoor pictures with flash turn out fairly well. There are still sharp background shadows from objects illuminated by the flash, but that is to be expected with a direct flash (compared to one with indirect lighting, e.g., by bouncing light off the ceiling). - outdoor pictures are quite good on the whole. The 30x zoom certainly provides some additional flexibility, and I have not had issues with camera shake when the zoom is extended. - the one very challenging condition I was somewhat disappointed with was photographing fast flying pelicans at a distance on a very windy, overcast day. Many of the photos of the birds were taken at distances of several hundred yards up to half a mile, using the zoom extended out to 30x. I WAS able to track the birds relatively easily using the viewfinder. When later viewing the images with significant cropping on a flat screen HDTV, clarity of the images left something to be desired--a bit fuzzy on the edges of the birds against the cloudy sky. This is a very challenging set of circumstances--even with a good DSLR camera with a long telephoto lens, it would be challenging to get high quality pics. All in all, the Panasonic ZS50 did a remarkable job, considering the distance involved, with background of a cloudy sky, the speed of the flying flock of birds, and the fast panning required. The severely cropped images of the high flying birds still allowed my wife to identify them as white pelicans by comparing with pictures in her bird book. - I took some pics of blossoms and flowers with the camera just a few inches away, using the close-up focus setting on a sunny and very windy day. These came out exceptionally well. I was very pleased with the results. The pictures were quite stunning on a flat screen TV. All in all, I am quite impressed with this pocket camera, and enjoy taking pictures with it, since it is so light, has a decent viewfinder, and takes good photos. I use the Program mode mostly, rather than the Auto mode. Of course, I can get great pics with my really good camera, but I've invested roughly 4x as much for the body, lenses and external flash unit. On the other hand, this Panasonic ZS50 fits in my pocket, is easy to use, and costs a lot less.
Target text information: Excellent Camera for the Investment Folks, this purchase came after 3 solid days of research using everything from Amazon, CNet, Infosyncworld, to YouTube. You are here, reading reviews, as I was at the beginning of my search for a great quality digital camera that was neither high-end nor cheap. Let me begin by saying that I just purchased this camera and have not gone over extensive testing myself, but rest assured that you should NOT take Amazon.com reviews for digital cameras (and a lot of other things for that matter) as the gospel. Why? Because too many people come on here, bashing good equipment when the vast majority of the time it is user error. Please, do yourself a favor and do research using professional analysis by people that test these things out and that take pictures and video that you can see for YOURSELF. I ignored all of the reviews that didn't specifically point towards any sort of systematic malfunction and that solely complained about image quality or other things that are easily altered and messed up using settings. And also reviews that complained about their camera breaking -- yeah I don't care HOW far you think you dropped it from...dropping electronics and it breaking then giving it a negative review is absurd. After narrowing my search down to the Canon S95, the Canon SX230, the Nikon s8100 and the Nikon s9100, I chose the Nikon S9100. WHAT I WAS LOOKING FOR: 1. a compact camera...not too small, not too big 2. advanced enough to get my feet wet in the world of digital photography 3. offers 1080 HD video 4. optical zoom of at LEAST 10X 5. Under $450 - as I'm not ready to purchase a dSLR 6. utmost picture quality offered by a point & shoot (to include low-light performance) WHAT MY RESEARCH TOLD ME: 1. professional review websites, not amazon reviewers, know what they are talking about when it comes to digital camera picture/video quality and they back it up with samples 2. not to rely on a handful of negative reviews to sway my decision 3. Nikon and Canon were the 2 most reliable brands offering products that met my requirements 4. cameras are going to offer stuff I don't need, won't use 5. pretty much all of the cameras are battery hogs 6. the memory card can influence camera performance/speed (wonder how many negative reviewers trashed the Nikon for their lack of putting a quality card in it eh) MY FINAL 2 CHOICES: 1. Nikon s9100 Why over the s8100? -well, the image quality is virtually identical DESPITE what some of the Amazon reviewers are saying because they pretty much use the same imaging system. -s9100 has slight upgrades to scene modes, video, etc... -s9100 is the newer model and has just dropped to a reasonable price as compared to the s8100 2. Canon sx230 Why over the S95? -the s95 didn't shoot 1080 video (it is a 2010 model) -the s95 had a lot of manual controls I am not ready for at this point and that I'd probably not use (this is a PRO for a lot of people) -the s95 would likely be upgraded in the near future with a 2011 model -the s95 cost roughly $50 more and didn't really give me anything the sx230 wouldn't at my usage level So, How'd I decide on the Nikon S9100 over the Canon SX230: Menu System: Canon - I really liked the canon menu system and it was really fast to navigate. However, the Nikon menu was just as fast, just not as fancy or "pretty" as the Canon. Image Quality: Tie; I found pictures taken at the store to be the same, and reviews online touted both cameras as being excellent in both low-light and bright light. Video Quality: Tie Picture/Video Stabilization: Picture: Tie; Video: Canon Zoom: Nikon Effects: Tie - however the Nikon approaches some of the effects a little bit different. Canon does offer a few effects the Nikon didn't like a miniature video effect. Audio: Tie - however you will hear the zoom in your videos if you use it while recording. Form Factor: Canon - the Canon was more sleek and curvy Comfortability: Nikon - the Nikon just fit my hand better Price: Nikon - the Nikon was roughly $40 less. In the end I REALLY liked both cameras. I'm no pro photographer, but I didn't want a battery operated purse toy either. So I don't think I would have gone wrong either way, however I just couldn't justify spending $40 more for the Canon when it really didn't offer me anything more features (that I'd use) over the Nikon. I wouldn't use the GPS function on the Canon...it is a battery hog anyway, EVEN when the camera is off unless you turn the feature off. I wouldn't really use a few of the extra effects the Canon had, and the Nikon had the better zoom. Despite Nikon's menus not being as pretty, nor the back of the camera being as pretty. I liked it's LCD screen better and was able to understand the menus just fine. In the end it was the price point and the fact the Canon had features I didn't want that led me to purchasing the Nikon. So there it is folks (if you made it this far). Please do research and compare yourself before making a purchase based on consumer reviews. I would take a lot of these reviews with a grain of salt unless you see systematic issues EVERYONE is having with mechanical failures or hardware issues. Check out the resources I listed at the top of this article and you can't go wrong. But if you do, just be aware of the return policy and take comfort in knowing you can return. *********************************** UPDATE 5/26/11 *********************************** Now that I've owned the camera for a little bit longer I thought I'd post another update to answer a few more questions folks might have or like to know about. I initially gave this 5 starts without owning it very long based on my initial experience with the camera and the feature set it had based on what I needed/wanted and the price point. My review is still excellent, but now I'd give it 4.5 stars due to the way it chargers and the necessity to purchase additional equip for the type of functionality I'm used to. I've been an exclusive Canon owner in the past, but this Nikon is a gem. 1. Picture Quality: Crystal clear. I have no issues with blur. Make sure you take good care of the camera and keep the lens clean. 2. Zoom: Incredible. Such a high zoom for the price point. Probably the best zoom you will find on a point & shoot. 3. Battery: Battery life is as expected. You will need to purchase at least 1 more EN12 battery as backup. 4. Charging: This camera charges with the battery inside. You charge the camera via USB into your computer or into a wall outlet. If you want to charge the battery separately you will need to purchase a separate wall mount battery charger (~$25-35 bucks). This is one reason I am lowering my review to 4.5 stars is because I feel the battery charger should have come with the camera. Charging is a big deal and we all like to be able to charge a battery AND still use the camera. You can't do that with this camera unless you buy a separate battery and the wall mount charger. That being said, it IS nice to be able to charge this camera via USB into your computer. 5. Compatibility: I have a MAC and I have zero issues. You can use iPhoto, or Picasa (from Google) or whatever else and it works fine. Also, it uses the same batteries as the S8100 and a few other models so if you are upgrading you can use your same batteries. 6. Flash: The flash works great. It has plenty of power and turns any photos in a completely dark area into a crisp colorful bright photo. 7. Size: The size is just about right. For a point & shoot, this is just about as big as you get before entering the DSLR realm. It is not pocket friendly, but is purse/bag friendly. The reason this camera is a bit bigger is to accommodate the awesome zoom as well as the larger LCD screen and flash. 8. LCD Screen: Perfect size LCD screen to view. Consider investing ~7-8 bucks into a plastic screen protector so it won't get scratched. 9. Controls: As I previously reviewed, the back of the Nikon is not as sleek or ergonomic as the Canon model(s), but nevertheless the design works fine for my hands (medium sized male hands). I am able to cleanly press all buttons and functions with no problem and I don't feel them to be cheap or to be faulty in any way. 10. Video: Great video, but stabilization will be an issue, especially at high zooms. But I knew this going in. Consider getting a tripod for serious video shooting, or prepare to film at a low zoom. 11. Effects/Modes: I love the effects and modes in this camera. You can create a lot of artistic effects without needing to use Photoshop or other expensive programs. IE. black and white photos that specifically highlight/target a single color palette illuminating a single color in your shot resulting in dramatic and beautiful shots. (by far my fav effect). All-in-all, I'm very happy with my purchase. I just noticed the price dropped again making this camera even more of a great value. If you are looking for a small ultra portable purse camera for dinner and whatnot, look elsewhere. This one is inbetween the small point & shoots and the DSLRs. If you are looking for a high quality, yet compact enough to carry around and produce amazing shots, this is your camera. I'd say for the best review check out Infosyncworld's video review on their website or on YouTube for a closer look at it's size and capabilities.
I provide the content of the target node and its neighbors' information. The relation between the target node and its 1-hop neighbors is 'co-purchase'. Question: Which of the following types does this photo item belong to? Here are the 12 categories:
0: Video Surveillance
1: Accessories
2: Binoculars & Scopes
3: Video
4: Lighting & Studio
5: Bags & Cases
6: Tripods & Monopods
7: Flashes
8: Digital Cameras
9: Film Photography
10: Lenses
11: Underwater Photography
Question: Based on the content of the target and neighbors' photo item, predict the category ID (0 to 11) for the target node.
| 8
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Digital Cameras
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photo
| 7,649
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test
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1-hop neighbor's text information: G-Algorithm for Extraction of Robust Decision Rules-Children's Postoperative Intra-Atrial Arrhythmia Case Study Clinical medicine is facing a challenge of knowledge discovery from the growing volume of data. In this paper, a data mining algorithm (G-algorithm) is proposed for extraction of robust rules that can be used in clinical practice for better understanding and prevention of unwanted medical events. The G-algorithm is applied to the data set obtained for children born with a malformation of the heart (univentricular heart). As the result of the Fontan surgical procedure, designed to palliate the children, 10%--35% of patients postoperatively develop an arrhythmia known as the intra-atrial reentrant tachycardia. There is an obvious need to identify the children that may develop the tachycardia before the surgery is performed. Prior attempts to identify such children with statistical techniques have been unrewarding. The G-algorithm discussed in this paper shows that there exists an unambiguous relationship between measurable features and the tachycardia. The data set used in this study shows that, for 78.08% of infants, the occurrence of tachycardia can be accurately predicted. The authors' prior computational experience with diverse medical data sets indicates that the percentage of accurate predictions may become even higher if data on additional features is collected for a larger data set.
Target text information: A Comparison of Prediction Accuracy, Complexity, and Training Time of Thirty-three Old and New Classification Algorithms Twenty-two decision tree, nine statistical, and two neural network algorithms are compared on thirty-two datasets in terms of classification accuracy, training time, and (in the case of trees) number of leaves. Classification accuracy is measured by mean error rate and mean rank of error rate. Both criteria place a statistical, spline-based, algorithm called POLYCLASS at the top, although it is not statistically significantly different from twenty other algorithms. Another statistical algorithm, logistic regression, is second and third with respect to the two accuracy criteria. The most accurate decision tree algorithm is QUEST with linear splits, which ranks fourth and fifth, respectively. Although spline-based statistical algorithms tend to have good accuracy, they also require relatively long training times. POLYCLASS, for example, is third last in terms of median training time. It often requires hours of training compared to seconds for other algorithms. The QUEST and logistic re...
I provide the content of the target node and its neighbors' information. The relation between the target node and its 1-hop neighbors is 'citation'. The 6 categories are:
0: Agents
1: ML (Machine Learning)
2: IR (Information Retrieval)
3: DB (Databases)
4: HCI (Human-Computer Interaction)
5: AI (Artificial Intelligence)
Question: Based on the content of the target and neighbors' scientific publication, predict the category ID (0 to 5) for the target node.
| 1
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ML (Machine Learning)
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citeseer
| 2,655
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test
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1-hop neighbor's text information: Title: Renal tubular proteinuria and microalbuminuria in diabetic patients.
Abstract: The urinary extraction of albumin, retinol binding protein, and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase were studied in 60 children with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus and in 45 normal children to find out whether the renal tubules played a part in causing the early increase in urinary excretion of albumin that occurs in diabetes mellitus. Two overnight urine samples were collected and the protein excretion measured and expressed as the geometric mean of the protein to creatinine ratio (urinary albumin:creatinine ratio, urinary retinol binding protein:creatinine ratio, and urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase:creatinine ratio, respectively). The excretion of all three proteins was significantly higher in the diabetic children with 15 (25%) of urinary albumin:creatinine ratio, 16 (27%) of urinary retinol binding protein:creatinine ratio, and 43 (72%) of urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase:creatinine ratio values being above the normal range. Significant correlations were observed between urinary albumin:creatinine ratio and urinary retinol binding protein:creatinine ratio, urinary albumin:creatinine ratio and urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase:creatinine ratio, and urinary retinol binding protein:creatinine ratio and urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase:creatinine ratio. There were also significant correlations between glycated haemoglobin 1c (HbA1c) and these proteins, especially N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase. No correlations were observed with the fractional excretion of sodium, flow rate of urine, glomerular filtration rate, or blood pressure. These data show that tubular abnormalities are present early in the course of insulin dependent diabetes mellitus and suggest that the early increase in urinary excretion of albumin may be at least partly tubular in origin, and that glycaemic control may influence this aspect of proximal tubular function.
1-hop neighbor's text information: Title: Region-specific alterations of adenosine receptors expression level in kidney of diabetic rat.
Abstract: Pathological alterations of renal function in insulin-dependent diabetes have been attributed to numerous factors, including adenosine. This study examined the expression levels of adenosine receptors (ARs) in the kidney of the streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat. In the diabetic kidney A1-AR mRNA levels increased 1.7- and 2.8-fold in cortex and medulla, respectively. This was accompanied by increased A1-AR protein levels in membranes of kidney cortex (1.5-fold) and medulla (threefold). A1-AR immunoreactivity increased strongly along medullar tubules especially in the collecting duct. The levels of A2a-AR mRNA increased twofold in diabetic kidney cortex but remained unchanged in medulla; however, A2a-AR protein levels increased more than threefold in cortex. Immunohistochemistry showed increased A2a-AR immunoreactivity in luminal membranes of cortical collecting ducts and in epithelial cells of preglomerular vessels. There were no significant changes in A2b-AR expression in diabetic kidney except in medullar membranes, where the receptor protein content decreased by 60%. A3-AR mRNA levels in diabetic kidney remained unchanged, but membrane-associated A3-AR protein levels increased by 70% in diabetic kidney cortex and decreased by 80% in medulla. These changes in ARs genes expression, receptor protein content, and cellular and tissue distribution, correspond to abnormalities characteristic of the diabetic kidney, suggesting involvement in pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy.
Target text information: Title: Dysfunction of tubular phosphate reabsorption related to glomerular filtration and blood glucose control in diabetic children.
Abstract: The renal handling of inorganic phosphate was studied by measuring the urinary excretion rate of phosphate (UPO4V), phosphate-(Cr51) EDTA clearance ratio (CPO4/GFR) and maximal tubular reabsorption of phosphate per litre glomerular filtrate (TmPO4/GFR) during fasting in 26 ambulatory Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetic children without clinical signs of microangiopathy (age: 7-14 years; duration of disease: 3-14 years). Similar measurements were made in 28 healthy schoolchildren (age: 8-14 years). UPO4 V and CPO4/GFR were significantly enhanced in the diabetic children (p less than 0.001) and correlated with the degree of hyperglycaemia (p less than 0.005). TmPO4/GFR was significantly suppressed in the diabetic children (1.23 versus 1.73 mmol/l, p less than 0.001). This disturbance was neither related to changes in serum parathyroid hormone nor to growth hormone concentrations but was inversely correlated with the degree of hyperglycaemia (r = -0.61, p less than 0.001) and with tubular reabsorption of glucose (r = -0.53, p less than 0.01). In spite of the markedly lowered TmPO4/GFR in the diabetic subjects, the mean maximal (TmPO4) and absolute tubular phosphate reabsorption rates were equal to those of the 28 healthy subjects. Both in the diabetic and healthy subjects, these parameters were positively correlated with glomerular filtration rate which was significantly elevated in the diabetic children (138 versus 109 ml/min per 1.73 m2, p less than 0.01). The study demonstrates a dysfunction in tubular phosphate reabsorption in diabetic children which is related to glycaemic regulation.
I provide the content of the target node and its neighbors' information. The relation between the target node and its 1-hop neighbors is 'citation'. The 3 categories are:
0: Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental
1: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1
2: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
Question: Based on the content of the target and neighbors' scientific publication, predict the category ID (0 to 2) for the target node.
| 1
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Diabetes Mellitus Type 1
|
pubmed
| 3,068
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test
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1-hop neighbor's text information: Title: Propagation of the cardiac impulse in the diabetic rat heart: reduced conduction reserve.
Abstract: Diabetes mellitus is a growing epidemic with severe cardiovascular complications. Although much is known about mechanical and electrical cardiac dysfunction in diabetes, few studies have investigated propagation of the electrical signal in the diabetic heart and the associated changes in intercellular gap junctions. This study was designed to investigate these issues, using hearts from control and diabetic rats. Diabetic conditions were induced by streptozotocin (STZ), given i.v. 7-14 days before experiments. Optical mapping with the voltage-sensitive dye di-4-ANEPPS, using hearts perfused on a Langendorff apparatus, showed little change in baseline conduction velocity in diabetic hearts, reflecting the large reserve of function. However, both the gap junction uncoupler heptanol (0.5-1 mM) and elevated potassium (9 mM, to reduce cell excitability) produced a significantly greater slowing of impulse propagation in diabetic hearts than in controls. The maximal action potential upstroke velocity (an index of the sodium current) and resting potential was similar in single ventricular myocytes from control and diabetic rats, suggesting similar electrical excitability. Immunoblotting of connexin 43 (Cx43), a major gap junction component, showed no change in total expression. However, immunofluorescence labelling of Cx43 showed a significant redistribution, apparent as enhanced Cx43 lateralization. This was quantified and found to be significantly larger than in control myocytes. Labelling of two other gap junction proteins, N-cadherin and beta-catenin, showed a (partial) loss of co-localization with Cx43, indicating that enhancement of lateralized Cx43 is associated with non-functional gap junctions. In conclusion, conduction reserve is smaller in the diabetic heart, priming it for impaired conduction upon further challenges. This can desynchronize contraction and contribute to arrhythmogenesis.
Target text information: Title: Signal-averaging electrocardiogram in patients with diabetes mellitus.
Abstract: In order to detect silent impairment of the heart due to diabetes mellitus, the signal-averaging electrocardiograms (ECG) of 21 healthy subjects and 22 diabetic patients without ventricular tachycardia were compared. The QRS duration in the signal-averaging ECG was longer in diabetic patients than in the normal subjects (87.3 ms vs. 114.5 ms, p less than 0.01). Moreover, late potentials in the terminal portion of the QRS complex were observed in 7 diabetic patients (32%), but in only one normal subject (5%, p less than 0.01). These findings suggested that patients with diabetes mellitus frequently have intraventricular conduction disturbances, presumably due to diabetic microangiopathy.
I provide the content of the target node and its neighbors' information. The relation between the target node and its 1-hop neighbors is 'citation'. The 3 categories are:
0: Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental
1: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1
2: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
Question: Based on the content of the target and neighbors' scientific publication, predict the category ID (0 to 2) for the target node.
| 2
|
Diabetes Mellitus Type 2
|
pubmed
| 8,646
|
test
|
1-hop neighbor's text information: Cheap price but awesome product! I was very indecisive about buying this product after reading reviews about how it's poorly made. I was afraid it wouldn't be able to hold my canon t3i, but for the price I said why not and so far I'm loving it! I also love the fact that it comes with its own bag. Does the job, it's nothing fancy(which I didn't really care for anyways). Definitely would recommend this to my friends!!
Target text information: Good enough. I can't tell if this is cheap or just very lightweight. When you have the legs extended all the way if you put any pressure on them at all they bend... a lot. Everything is made out of very thin plastic or aluminum. I carry it in a backpack and use it while hiking, so being thin and light is ok with me. But if you're tough on things or plan on banging it around, I wouldn't be surprised if this broke very quickly.
I provide the content of the target node and its neighbors' information. The relation between the target node and its 1-hop neighbors is 'co-purchase'. Question: Which of the following types does this photo item belong to? Here are the 12 categories:
0: Video Surveillance
1: Accessories
2: Binoculars & Scopes
3: Video
4: Lighting & Studio
5: Bags & Cases
6: Tripods & Monopods
7: Flashes
8: Digital Cameras
9: Film Photography
10: Lenses
11: Underwater Photography
Question: Based on the content of the target and neighbors' photo item, predict the category ID (0 to 11) for the target node.
| 6
|
Tripods & Monopods
|
photo
| 28,118
|
test
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1-hop neighbor's text information: industry_standard_architecture.industry standard architecture industry standard architecture isa 16-bit internal bus ibm pc/at similar computers based intel 80286 immediate successors 1980s bus largely backward compatible 8-bit bus 8088-based ibm pc including ibm pc/xt well ibm pc compatibles originally referred pc/at-bus also termed i/o channel ibm isa term coined retronym competing pc-clone manufacturers late 1980s early 1990s reaction ibm attempts replace at-bus new incompatible micro channel architecture 16-bit isa bus also used 32-bit processors several years attempt extend 32 bits called extended industry standard architecture eisa successful however later buses vesa local bus pci used instead often along isa slots mainboard derivatives bus structure still used ata/ide pcmcia standard compact flash pc/104 bus internally within super i/o chips isa bus developed team led mark dean ibm part ibm pc project 1981 compaq created term industry standard architecture isa replace pc compatible isa originated 8-bit system 16-bit version ibm bus introduced release ibm pc/at 1984 1988 32-bit extended industry standard architecture eisa standard proposed gang nine group pc-compatible manufacturers included compaq process retroactively renamed bus isa avoid infringing ibm trademark pc/at computer ibm designed 8-bit version buffered interface motherboard buses intel 8088 16/8 bit cpu ibm pc pc/xt 16-bit version upgrade motherboard buses intel 80286 cpu used ibm isa bus therefore synchronous cpu clock sophisticated buffering methods implemented chipsets interface isa much faster cpus isa designed connect peripheral cards motherboard allows bus mastering first 16 mb main memory addressable original 8-bit bus ran 4.77 mhz clock 8088 cpu ibm pc pc/xt original 16-bit bus ran cpu clock 80286 ibm pc/at computers 6 mhz first models 8 mhz later models ibm rt pc also used 16-bit bus isa also used non-ibm compatible machines motorola 68k-based apollo 68020 amiga 3000 68030 workstations short-lived hobbit later powerpc-based bebox companies like dell improved bus performance 1987 ibm replaced bus proprietary micro channel architecture mca mca overcame many limitations apparent isa also effort ibm regain control pc architecture pc market mca far advanced isa many features would later appear pci however mca also closed standard whereas ibm released full specifications circuit schematics isa computer manufacturers responded mca developing extended industry standard architecture eisa later vesa local bus vlb vlb used electronic parts originally intended mca component manufacturers already equipped manufacture eisa vlb backwards-compatible expansions isa bus users isa-based machines know special information hardware adding system handful devices essentially plug-n-play rare users frequently configure parameters adding new device irq line i/o address dma channel mca done away complication pci actually incorporated many ideas first explored mca though directly descended eisa trouble configuration eventually led creation isa pnp plug-n-play system used combination modifications hardware system bios operating system software automatically manage resource allocations reality isa pnp could troublesome become well-supported architecture final days pci slots first physically-incompatible expansion ports directly squeeze isa motherboard first motherboards largely isa including pci slots mid-1990s two slot types roughly balanced isa slots soon minority consumer systems microsoft pc 99 specification recommended isa slots removed entirely though system architecture still required isa present vestigial way internally handle floppy drive serial ports etc. software compatible lpc bus created isa slots remained years towards turn century common see systems accelerated graphics port agp sitting near central processing unit array pci slots one two isa slots near end late 2008 even floppy disk drives serial ports disappearing extinction vestigial isa lpc bus chipsets horizon pci slots rotated compared isa counterparts—pci cards essentially inserted upside-down allowing isa pci connectors squeeze together motherboard one two connectors used slot time allowed greater flexibility attachment ata hard disk interface directly descended 16-bit isa pc/at ata origins hardcards integrated hard disk drive hdd hard disk controller hdc onto one card best awkward worst damaging motherboard isa slots designed support heavy devices hdds next generation integrated drive electronics drives moved drive controller drive bay used ribbon cable simple interface board connect isa slot ata basically standardization arrangement plus uniform command structure software interface hdc within drive ata since separated isa bus connected directly local bus usually integration chipset much higher clock rates data throughput isa could support ata clear characteristics 16-bit isa 16-bit transfer size signal timing pio modes interrupt dma mechanisms pc/xt-bus eight-bit isa bus used intel 8086 intel 8088 systems ibm pc ibm pc xt 1980s among 62 pins demultiplexed electrically buffered versions 8 data 20 address lines 8088 processor along power lines clocks read/write strobes interrupt lines etc power lines included −5 v ±12 v order directly support pmos enhancement mode nmos circuits dynamic rams among things xt bus architecture uses single intel 8259 pic giving eight vectorized prioritized interrupt lines four dma channels originally provided intel 8237 3 dma channels brought xt bus expansion slots 2 normally already allocated machine functions diskette drive hard disk controller pc/at-bus 16-bit 80286- version pc/xt bus introduced ibm pc/at bus officially termed i/o channel ibm extends xt-bus adding second shorter edge connector in-line eight-bit xt-bus connector unchanged retaining compatibility 8-bit cards second connector adds four additional address lines total 24 8 additional data lines total 16 also adds new interrupt lines connected second 8259 pic connected one lines first 4 × 16-bit dma channels well control lines select 8- 16-bit transfers 16-bit bus slot originally used two standard edge connector sockets early ibm pc/at machines however popularity at-architecture 16-bit isa bus manufacturers introduced specialized 98-pin connectors integrated two sockets one unit found almost every at-class pc manufactured mid-1980s isa slot connector typically black distinguishing brown eisa connectors white pci connectors motherboard devices dedicated irqs present slots 16-bit devices use either pc-bus pc/at-bus irqs therefore possible connect 6 devices use one 8-bit irq 5 devices use one 16-bit irq time 4 devices may use one 8-bit dma channel 3 devices use one 16-bit dma channel originally bus clock synchronous cpu clock resulting varying bus clock frequencies among many different ibm clones market sometimes high 16 20 mhz leading software electrical timing problems certain isa cards bus speeds designed later motherboards integrated chipsets used separate clock generator clock divider either fixed isa bus frequency 4 6 8 mhz allowed user adjust frequency via bios setup used higher bus frequency isa cards certain hercules-compatible video cards instance could show significant performance improvements memory address decoding selection 8 16-bit transfer mode limited 128 kib sections leading problems mixing 8- 16-bit cards could co-exist 128 kib area memcs16 line required set based value la17-23 isa still used today specialized industrial purposes 2008 iei technologies released modern motherboard intel core 2 duo processors addition special i/o features equipped two isa slots marketed industrial military users invested expensive specialized isa bus adaptors available pci bus versions similarly adek industrial computers releasing motherboard early 2013 intel core i3/i5/i7 processors contains one non-dma isa slot pc/104 bus used industrial embedded applications derivative isa bus utilizing signal lines different connectors lpc bus replaced isa bus connection legacy i/o devices recent motherboards physically quite different lpc looks like isa software peculiarities isa 16 mib dma limit corresponds full address space intel 80286 cpu used original ibm likely stick around explained history section isa basis development ata interface used ata a.k.a ide recently serial ata sata hard disks physically ata essentially simple subset isa 16 data bits support exactly one irq one dma channel 3 address bits isa subset ata adds two ide address select chip select lines unique signal lines specific ata/ide hard disks cable select/spindle sync line addition physical interface channel ata goes beyond far outside scope isa also specifying set physical device registers implemented every ata ide drive full set protocols device commands controlling fixed disk drives using registers ata device registers accessed using address bits address select signals ata physical interface channel operations ata hard disks performed using ata-specified protocols ata command set earliest versions ata standard featured simple protocols basic command set comparable command sets mfm rll controllers preceded ata controllers latest ata standards much complex protocols instruction sets include optional commands protocols providing advanced optional-use features sizable hidden system storage areas password security locking programmable geometry translation deviation isa ata isa bus remained locked single standard clock rate backward hardware compatibility ata interface offered many different speed modes could select among match maximum speed supported attached drives kept adding faster speeds later versions ata standard 133 mb/s ata-6 latest forms ata ran much faster isa provided connected directly local bus faster isa bus 16-bit ata/ide interface 8-bit xt-ide also known xta interface hard disks nearly popular ata become xt-ide hardware fairly hard find xt-ide adapters available 8-bit isa cards xta sockets also present motherboards amstrad later xt clones well short-lived line philips units xta pinout similar ata eight data lines two address lines used physical device registers completely different meanings hard drives seagate st351a/x could support either type interface selected jumper many later successor motherboards integrated hard drive interface relied separate hard drive interface plugged isa/eisa/vlb slot even 80486 based units shipped mfm/rll interfaces drives instead increasingly common at-ide commodore built xt-ide based peripheral hard drive memory expansion unit a590 amiga 500 500+ computers also supported scsi drive at-ide type interfaces entered keyboard-cased amiga line upon introduction a600 a1200 integrated interface 44 pin connector many owners removed 2,5 inch bracket installed 3,5 inch drive adapter cable pcmcia specification seen superset ata standard pcmcia hard disk interfaces included pcmcia flash drives allows mutual configuration port drive ata mode de facto extension pcmcia flash drives additionally allow simple ata mode enabled pulling single pin low pcmcia hardware firmware unnecessary use ata drive connected ata port pcmcia flash drive ata adapters thus simple inexpensive guaranteed work every standard pcmcia flash drive adapters used generic pcmcia ports pcmcia interface much complex ata although modern computers physical isa buses ibm compatible computers — x86 x86-64 non-mainframe non-embedded — isa buses allocated physical address space embedded controller chips southbridge cpus provide services temperature monitoring voltage readings buses isa devices ieee started standardization isa bus 1985 called p996 specification however despite even books published p996 specification never officially progressed past draft status still existing user base old computers isa cards still manufactured e.g usb ports complete single board computers based modern processors usb 3.0 sata
1-hop neighbor's text information: wintel.wintel wintel partnership microsoft windows intel producing personal computers using intel x86-compatible processors running microsoft windows word wintel blend windows intel early 1980s chaos incompatibility rife early microcomputer market given way smaller number de facto industry standards including s-100 bus cp/m apple ii microsoft basic read-only memory rom inch floppy drive single firm controlled industry fierce competition ensured innovation hardware software rule rather exception microsoft windows intel processors gained ascendance ongoing alliance gave market dominance intel claimed partnership enabled two companies give customers benefit seemingly unending spiral falling prices rising performance addition claim history innovation shared vision flexible computing agile business 1981 ibm entered microcomputer market ibm pc created small subdivision firm unusual ibm product largely sourced outside component suppliers intended run third-party operating systems software ibm published technical specifications schematics pc allowed third-party companies produce compatible hardware so-called open architecture ibm pc became one successful computers time key feature ibm pc ibm enormous public respect behind accident history ibm pc happened intel cpu instead technically superior motorola 68000 tipped ibm in-house design shipped ibm pc dos licensed version microsoft ms-dos rather cp/m-86 operating system accidents enormous significance later years ibm pc ibm product ibm badge personal computers became respectable became easier business justify buying microcomputer even year two easiest justify buying ibm personal computer since pc architecture well documented ibm manuals pc dos designed similar earlier cp/m operating system pc soon thousands different third-party add-in cards software packages available made pc preferred option many since pc supported hardware software needed industry competitors took one several approaches changing market apple amiga atari acorn persevered independent quite different systems systems apple macintosh one remaining market macintoshes since december 2006 fact wintel-compatible hardware level least others digital world second-largest computer company hewlett-packard apricot concentrated making similar technically superior models early market leaders tandy-radio shack texas instruments stayed outdated architectures proprietary operating systems time belatedly realizing way market trends going switching successful long-term business strategy build machine duplicated ibm pc closely possible sell slightly lower price higher performance given conservative engineering early ibm personal computers higher average prices terribly difficult task first bar great technical challenge crafting bios duplicated function ibm bios exactly infringe copyrights two early leaders last strategy start-up companies columbia data products compaq first achieve reputations close compatibility ibm machines meant could run software written ibm machine without recompilation long ibm best-selling personal computer world least two next-best sellers practical purposes identical software industry effect profound first meant rational write ibm pc clones high priority port versions less common systems leisure second even importantly software writer pre-ibm days careful use plain subset possible techniques practicable able run hardware ran cp/m major part market using exact hardware similar clone practical take advantage every hardware-specific feature offered ibm independent bios companies like award chips technologies phoenix began market clean room bios 100 compatible ibm time competent computer manufacturer could achieve ibm compatibility matter routine around 1984 market fast growing relatively stable yet sign win half wintel though microsoft achieving enormous revenues dos sales ibm ever-growing list manufacturers agreed buy ms-dos license every machine made even shipped competing products intel every pc made either intel processor one made second source supplier license intel intel microsoft enormous revenues compaq many makers made far machines ibm power decide shape personal computer rested firmly ibm hands 1987 ibm introduced ps/2 computer line although open architecture pc successors great success biggest single manufacturer market buying faster cheaper ibm-compatible machines made firms ps/2s remained software compatible hardware quite different introduced technically superior micro channel architecture bus higher speed communication within system failed maintain open bus later called isa bus meant none millions existing add-in cards would function words new ibm machines ibm-compatible ibm planned ps/2 way technical legal reasons would difficult clone instead ibm offered sell ps/2 licence anyone could afford royalty would require royalty every ps/2-compatible machine sold also payment every ibm-compatible machine particular maker ever made past many pc manufacturers signed ps/2 licensees apricot lost badly persevering better pc ibm strategy time one many others many others decided hold committing major manufacturers known gang nine decided group together decide bus type would open manufacturers fast faster ibm microchannel yet still retain backward compatibility isa crucial turning point industry whole longer content let ibm make major decisions technical direction event new eisa bus commercial failure beyond high end time cost implementing eisa reduced extent would implemented desktop pcs much cheaper vesa local bus removed need desktop pcs though remained common servers due example possibility data corruption hard disk drives attached vlb controllers intel pci bus around corner although eisa systems sold achieved purpose ibm longer controlled computer industry ibm would belatedly amend ps/2 series ps/valuepoint line tracked features emerging ad hoc platform around time end 1980s beginning 1990s microsoft windows operating environment started become popular microsoft competitor digital research started recover share dos press dos market dr-dos ibm planned replace dos vastly superior os/2 originally ibm/microsoft joint venture unlike ps/2 hardware highly backward compatible microsoft preferred push industry direction product windows ibm suffering greatest ever public humiliation wake ps/2 disaster massive financial losses marked lack company unity direction microsoft combination soft marketing voice big financial stick effective windows became de facto standard competing computer manufacturers large small common factors provide joint technical leadership operating software microsoft cpus intel following years firms wintel partnership would attempt extend monopolies intel made successful major push motherboard chipset markets—becoming largest motherboard manufacturer world one stage almost chipset manufacturer—but badly fumbled attempt move graphics chip market 1991 faced sharp competition core cpu territory amd cyrix via transmeta microsoft fared better 1990 microsoft two competitors core market digital research ibm intel none 1996 intel two competitors core market cpus microsoft none microsoft pursued policy insisting per-processor royalties thus making competing operating systems unattractive computer manufacturers provoking regulatory scrutiny european commission us authorities leading undertaking microsoft cease practices however integration dos windows 95 masterstroke operating system vendors frozen microsoft could require computer manufacturers comply demands pain higher prices required ibm stop actively marketing os/2 else pay twice much windows 95 competitor compaq withholding designed windows 95 endorsement regarded essential hardware marketing tool microsoft also able require free publicity given hardware makers example windows key advertising symbols nearly modern keyboards strict license restrictions may may displayed system boot windows desktop also microsoft able take networking market formerly domain artisoft lantastic novell*s netware windows nt business application market formerly led lotus wordperfect microsoft office although microsoft far dominant player wintel partnership intel continuing influence underestimated intel microsoft closest partners operated uneasy distance one another since first major dispute intel heavy investment 32-bit optimized pentium pro microsoft delivery unexpectedly high proportion 16-bit code windows 95 firms talk one another competitors time time notably microsoft close relationship amd development windows xp professional x64 edition utilizing amd-designed 64-bit extensions x86 architecture intel decision sell processors apple inc wintel platform still dominant desktop laptop computer architecture opinions microsoft windows natural software bloat eaten much hardware progress intel processors gave wintel platform via moore law rise smartphones netbooks media outlets speculated predicting possible end wintel dominance cheap devices employing technologies intel investing linux microsoft ported windows arm architecture windows 8 strictest sense wintel refers computers run windows intel processor however wintel commonly used refer system running modern microsoft operating system modern x86 compatible cpu manufactured either intel amd pc applications run x86 intel processor usually run x86 amd processor mid-october 2017 microsoft announced windows 10 qualcomm snapdragon final stage testing would considered wintel systems running microsoft operating system using intel processor based itanium arm architecture despite fact processor manufactured intel also considered wintel system
1-hop neighbor's text information: nettop.nettop nettop miniature pc mini pc smart micro pc small-sized inexpensive low-power legacy-free desktop computer designed basic tasks web browsing accessing web-based applications document processing audio/video playback word nettop portmanteau network desktop desktop counterpart netbook compared ordinary desktop computers nettops smaller cheaper also consume much less power example compulab fit-pc2 consumes 8 watts power whereas typical desktop would easily consume 100 watts power consequently nettops require significantly less cooling may even completely fanless optical disk drive use solid state drive making completely silent tradeoff hardware specifications processing power usually reduced hence make nettops less appropriate running complex resource-intensive applications nettops mini pcs could considered unusual history first wave devices occurred mid late 2000s commonly referred nettops included devices acer aspirerevo seen commonly considered kind temporary substitute pc lower cost users needing second pc use developing countries another commonly held view time use stepping stone towards thin client-based always online computer would replace inefficient pcs demand devices quickly waned industry responded addressing chief complaint devices would better portable devices new form laptop result netbook device considered true future nettop however prevailing attitudes economic issues 2008 onward made popular due low cost portability along then-expanding feature-set august 2009 reports reviewers netbook time traditional laptop price otherwise identical implications price standard notebooks dropped financial liability due huge unsold inventories standard laptops retail chains unfavorable market unload meant cannibalisation laptop sales netbooks would financially undesirable industry clearance sale also option conditions especially among multiple retail chains online shopping sites factors along desire keep netbook sales going recoup r design manufacturing costs likely contributing factors industry-wide effort sabotage netbooks purposefully limited devices could sold cheaply acting form social engineering towards discrediting netbook devices direct lineage nettops netbooks meant concept net- prefix considered failed idea devices chromebooks tablet pcs ultrabooks devices responded branding different type device chrome os exclusively pure web client proposal ultrabook succeeded compensating lighter weight otherwise equal-performance parts higher price tag 2015 revival concept came likely unrelated source technological form convergent evolution via likely-observed success stick pc idea combining system chip single-board computer led continuation nettop original product goals mini pcs minix z83-4 azulle access plus exclusively referred mini pcs despite identical near-identical paper nettop architecture three platforms primarily intended nettops netbooks nettops also adopted system-on-a-chip designs although many major parts chipsets video cards storage devices also found desktops cpus put inside nettops fundamental component differentiate normal desktops list contains range hardware components typical nettop may assembled intel atom processor adopted several hardware manufacturers asus msi sony nettops nvidia also released first generation ion platform puts geforce 9400m motherboard gpu alongside atom processor provide better high definition video playback ability lower power consumption addition nvidia announced support via cpus year reduce manufacturing cost improve power efficiency many manufacturers start-up companies chosen use cpus originally targeted embedded computing devices amd geode arm cortex-based cpus many net-top models x86-processor-based capable running standard pc oses also operating systems designed specifically nettops machines performance class high-end nettops capable running windows 10 google android linux distribution another option although google android originally designed smartphones also taken seat nettop market another linux system ubuntu nettops fell intel category basic pc usually cost 100 299 intel described nettops large potential market time nettops said able serve affordable first computer people developing countries environmentally friendly choice secondary computer people developed countries however stated primary flaw average consumer far useful portable system led development netbooks midst economic crisis netbooks seen hurting sales traditional laptops likely collaborative effort destroy demand hence original source computer class died marketplace result successes stick pcs linux mint-based nettop-like computers well continued success mac mini idea possibly unintentionally revived mini pcs continue sold online retailers august 2017
Target text information: legacy-free_pc.legacy-free pc legacy-free pc type personal computer lacks floppy drive legacy ports industry standard architecture isa bus sometimes internal expansion bus according microsoft basic goal requirements operating system devices end users detect presence following isa slots devices legacy floppy disk controller fdc ps/2 serial parallel game ports legacy ports usually replaced universal serial bus usb ports usb adapter may used older device must connected pc lacking ports according 2001 edition microsoft pc system design guide legacy-free pc must able boot usb device away older usually bulky ports devices allows legacy-free pc much compact earlier systems many fall nettop one form factor netbooks ultrabooks could also considered portable form legacy-free pc legacy-free pcs difficult upgrade traditional beige box pc typically expected replaced completely become obsolete many legacy-free pcs include modern devices may used replace ones omitted memory card reader replacing floppy drive first decade 21st century progressed legacy-free pc went mainstream legacy ports removed commonly available computer systems form factors however ps/2 keyboard connector still retains use offer uses e.g implementation n-key rollover offered usb apple imac g3 first example legacy-free pc drawing much criticism lack legacy peripherals floppy drive apple desktop bus adb connector however success popularized usb november 1999 july 2000 dell webpc early less-successful wintel legacy-free pc legacy-free pcs introduced around 2000 prevalence usb broadband internet made many older ports devices obsolete largely took form low-end consumer systems motivation making computers less expensive easier use stable manageable dell studio hybrid asus eee box msi wind pc examples later more-successful intel-based legacy-free pcs apple introduced apple modem october 12 2005 removed internal 56k modem new computers macbook air introduced january 29 2008 also omits built-in superdrive wired ethernet connectivity available mac computers sold time superdrive would later removed macs end 2016 wired ethernet would later removed macbook models relaunched macbook 2015 dropped features magsafe charging port secure digital sd memory card reader kept two types ports 3.5mm audio jack usb 3.1 type-c port configuration later found way macbook pro 2016 difference two four usb ports included instead one addition macbook pro except entry-level model replaced function keys touch bar changes led criticism many users utilised features apple removed
I provide the content of the target node and its neighbors' information. The relation between the target node and its 1-hop neighbors is 'citation'. The 10 categories are:
0: Computational Linguistics
1: Databases
2: Operating Systems
3: Computer Architecture
4: Computer Security
5: Internet Protocols
6: Computer File Systems
7: Distributed Computing Architecture
8: Web Technology
9: Programming Language Topics
Question: Based on the content of the target and neighbors' Wikipedia page, predict the category ID (0 to 9) for the target node.
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Distributed Computing Architecture
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wikics
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test
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1-hop neighbor's text information: Title: Predictive power of sequential measures of albuminuria for progression to ESRD or death in Pima Indians with type 2 diabetes.
Abstract: BACKGROUND: To determine whether historic albuminuria measurements provide additional predictive value for diabetic end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and natural mortality over the most recent measurement, ie, whether "regression" from high albuminuria has a different prognosis than stability at the lower level. STUDY DESIGN: Observational longitudinal study. SETTING & PARTICIPANTS: Pima Indians 15 years or older with type 2 diabetes and at least 2 consecutive measurements of urinary albumin-creatinine ratio (ACR) within 6 years. PREDICTORS: Sequential measurements of urinary ACR. OUTCOMES & MEASUREMENTS: Proportional hazards analyses were used to estimate the risk of ESRD and natural death associated with the first and second ACR measurement. The ability of these highly correlated variables to predict outcome was compared with receiver operating characteristic curves calculated by means of the generalized c statistic. RESULTS: In 983 subjects, 136 developed ESRD and 180 died of natural causes during a maximum follow-up of 12.6 years. Each doubling in the second ACR was associated with a 1.71-fold greater incidence of ESRD (95% confidence interval, 1.54 to 1.89) and 1.16-fold greater natural mortality (95% confidence interval, 1.07 to 1.27) adjusted for age, sex, diabetes duration, and antihypertensive medication. The addition of the first ACR measurement to the model did not add to the predictive value for ESRD or mortality. In pairwise comparisons of c statistics, the second ACR was a significantly better predictor of ESRD than the first ACR. LIMITATIONS: The predictive value of ACR measurements is decreased to the extent that its precision is based on a single measure. CONCLUSION: The predictive power of the latest ACR for ESRD and natural mortality in patients with diabetes is not enhanced by knowledge of the preceding ACR. Therefore, ACR changes over time, ie, regression or progression, add minimal predictive value beyond the latest measurement in the series.
Target text information: Title: Remission of nephrotic-range albuminuria reduces risk of end-stage renal disease and improves survival in type 2 diabetic patients.
Abstract: AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: We evaluated the impact of remission of nephrotic-range albuminuria (>2500 mg/24 h) (NRA) on end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and mortality in type 2 diabetic patients with nephropathy. METHODS: This was a follow-up observational study involving all 79 patients (35%; 62 men, 17 women) with NRA from a cohort of type 2 diabetic patients with nephropathy that was followed for at least 3 years at the Steno Diabetes Center (n=227). Patients were followed from the onset of NRA until death or January 2005. The mean age (+/-SD) was 60+/-8 years and known diabetes duration was 14+/-7 years. Remission of NRA was defined as sustained albuminuria <600 mg/24 h for at least 1 year. RESULTS: The duration of follow-up after onset of NRA was 6.5 years (range 2-20 years). Remission was induced in 20 (25%) of the patients, all treated with ACE inhibitors or angiotensin-II receptor blockers. Remission lasted 4.1 years (range 1-10 years) and only three patients relapsed. At the end of follow-up, only 30% (two ESRD and four deaths) of the 20 patients with remission had reached the composite endpoint of ESRD or death, in contrast to 66% (16 ESRD and 23 deaths) of the 59 patients without remission (p<0.01). Cox regression analysis revealed that remission was associated with a risk reduction of 67% (95% CI 10-87) for reaching the composite endpoint of ESRD or death and of 69% (95% CI 21-88%) for death alone. Male sex, greater age and systolic blood pressure at onset of NRA were also independently associated with an increased risk of ESRD and death. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: Aggressive antihypertensive treatment can lead to long-term remission of NRA in a sizeable proportion of patients with type 2 diabetes. Such remission is associated with a slower progression of nephropathy and substantially improved survival.
I provide the content of the target node and its neighbors' information. The relation between the target node and its 1-hop neighbors is 'citation'. The 3 categories are:
0: Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental
1: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1
2: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
Question: Based on the content of the target and neighbors' scientific publication, predict the category ID (0 to 2) for the target node.
| 2
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Diabetes Mellitus Type 2
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pubmed
| 8,177
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test
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1-hop neighbor's text information: Title: Prognostic value of the insertion/deletion polymorphism of the ACE gene in type 2 diabetic subjects: results from the Non-insulin-dependent Diabetes, Hypertension, Microalbuminuria or Proteinuria, Cardiovascular Events, and Ramipril (DIABHYCAR), Diabete de type 2, Nephropathie et Genetique (DIAB2NEPHROGENE), and Survie, Diabete de type 2 et Genetique (SURDIAGENE) studies.
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: We tested whether determination of the ACE insertion/deletion polymorphism is useful for renal and cardiovascular prognoses of type 2 diabetic subjects. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: The French participants (3,126 of 4,912) in the Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes, Hypertension, Microalbuminuria or Proteinuria, Cardiovascular Events, and Ramipril (DIABHYCAR) trial were studied for their prognosis over 4 years according to their ACE insertion/deletion polymorphism. We used two cohorts of French type 2 diabetic patients for replication: a 3-year follow-up study (n = 917; Survie, Diabete de type 2 et Genetique [SURDIAGENE] study) and a case-control study on diabetic nephropathy (n = 1,277; Diabete de type 2, Nephropathie et Genetique [DIAB2NEPHROGENE] study). We investigated the effect of the insertion/deletion polymorphism on the primary outcome in the DIABHYCAR trial (defined as the first of the following events to occur: cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, stroke, heart failure leading to hospital admission, or end-stage renal failure) and its components. RESULTS: In DIABHYCAR, the primary outcome and most of its components were not affected by the ACE insertion/deletion genotype. Only renal outcome was favored by the I allele (P = 0.03). The risk of myocardial infarction was not affected by ACE genotype, but the probability of fatal outcome increased with the number of D alleles (P < 0.03). In SURDIAGENE, the association between the ACE I allele and renal outcome was not replicated. In DIAB2NEPHROGENE, no association was found with nephropathy. CONCLUSIONS: We were not able to demonstrate the manifest usefulness of the ACE insertion/deletion polymorphism for the prognosis of type 2 diabetic subjects.
1-hop neighbor's text information: Title: Glomerular structural changes in type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus: causes, consequences, and prevention.
Abstract: Diabetic nephropathy is caused primarily by advanced glomerulopathy, the renal expression of diabetic microangiopathy. With stereological methods a quantitative description of the structural changes is achieved. The glomerulopathy is characterized by an increase in basement membrane material: thickening of the capillary wall and an increase in mesangial volume relative to glomerular volume, comprising increase in matrix. Among groups of patients conformity between renal function stage and structure exists. The parameters measuring glomerulopathy are normal at the onset of diabetes; patients with normoalbuminuria may show slight basement membrane thickening, or normal parameters; the microalbuminuric group shows a measurable, but moderate glomerulopathy; patients with overt nephropathy have advanced lesions; at this stage heterogeneity among glomeruli makes the estimates weaker. Recent data indicate that the changes in peripheral basement membrane and in mesangial matrix develop in concert and both contribute to the early stage of glomerulopathy in patients with microalbuminuria. As to the consequences of the structural changes the mechanism of albuminuria is not clear. It is suggested that the early glomerulopathy entails other structural modifications, including formation of new vessels which may be the site of leakage. The marked deviations in glomerular filtration rate correspond well with estimates of filtration surface area: in the early hyperfunction state it is increased; in advanced nephropathy it is decreased, due to advanced glomerulopathy in conjunction with glomerular occlusion. The diabetic state is the necessary condition for the glomerulopathy. In relating structural changes to presumed contributing causes no supporting evidence of a relationship with glomerular hyperfunction or hypertrophy was observed. The structural parameters may be useful tools in clinical trials aiming at arresting the development of glomerulopathy, and thereby providing a prevention of diabetic nephropathy.
1-hop neighbor's text information: Title: Prognostic value of angiotensin-I converting enzyme I/D polymorphism for nephropathy in type 1 diabetes mellitus: a prospective study.
Abstract: Angiotensin-I converting enzyme (ACE) regulates renal hemodynamics. Its insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism, which determines most of ACE interindividual variance, was proposed as a genetic marker for diabetic nephropathy. A substitution (M235T) polymorphism in angiotensinogen (AGT) may interact with ACE I/D polymorphism for the risk of diabetic nephropathy, but their prognostic values have to be established by follow-up studies. A total of 310 type 1 diabetes mellitus patients who attended the diabetic clinic in Angers (France) took part in a prospective, observational, follow-up study. Glycohemoglobin, BP, plasma creatinine, and urinary albumin excretion were determined periodically. Nephropathy was classified as absent, incipient (microalbuminuria), established (proteinuria), advanced (plasma creatinine > or = 150 micromol/L), and terminal (renal replacement therapy). The main end point was the occurrence of a renal event defined as the progression to a higher stage of diabetic nephropathy. At baseline, 251 (81%) patients had no nephropathy, 35 (11%) had incipient nephropathy, 18 (6%) had established nephropathy, and 6 (2%) had advanced nephropathy. The ACE I/D and M235T AGT polymorphisms were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in the patients. The median duration of follow-up was 6 yr (range, 2 to 9 yr). The occurrence of renal events was significantly influenced by ACE genotype (log-rank II versus ID versus DD, P < 0.03) with a dominant deleterious effect of the D allele: ID or DD versus II (adjusted hazard ratio, 5.0; 95% confidence interval, 1.5 to 16.6). Other contributors were high glycohemoglobin and systolic BP. In the patients who initially were free of nephropathy, baseline plasma ACE concentration was higher in patients who progressed to microalbuminuria (571 +/- 231 versus 466 +/- 181 microg/L; P = 0.0032); the D allele independently favored the occurrence of incipient nephropathy (adjusted hazard ratio, 4.5; 95% confidence interval, 1.1 to 19.4); other contributors were male gender, baseline systolic BP, and urinary albumin excretion. The AGT M235T polymorphism was not associated with renal events. The D allele of the ACE I/D polymorphism is an independent risk factor for both the onset and the progression of diabetic nephropathy in type 1 diabetes mellitus patients.
Target text information: Title: Genetically increased angiotensin I-converting enzyme level and renal complications in the diabetic mouse.
Abstract: Diabetic nephropathy is a major risk factor for end-stage renal disease and cardiovascular diseases and has a marked genetic component. A common variant (D allele) of the angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) gene, determining higher enzyme levels, has been associated with diabetic nephropathy. To address causality underlying this association, we induced diabetes in mice having one, two, or three copies of the gene, normal blood pressure, and an enzyme level range (65-162% of wild type) comparable to that seen in humans. Twelve weeks later, the three-copy diabetic mice had increased blood pressures and overt proteinuria. Proteinuria was correlated to plasma ACE level in the three-copy diabetic mice. Thus, a modest genetic increase in ACE levels is sufficient to cause nephropathy in diabetic mice.
I provide the content of the target node and its neighbors' information. The relation between the target node and its 1-hop neighbors is 'citation'. The 3 categories are:
0: Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental
1: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1
2: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
Question: Based on the content of the target and neighbors' scientific publication, predict the category ID (0 to 2) for the target node.
| 0
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Experimental
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pubmed
| 9,437
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test
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1-hop neighbor's text information: Best camera for the money, hands down. You can't buy a better camera for $20. I replaced one of my zmodo kit cameras with this, and it puts the rest of them to shame. Something to note: the viewing angle is significantly wider than my original cameras, if you're looking for a zoom camera this is not it. See the picture below, the 2 cameras are mounted in the exact same location.
1-hop neighbor's text information: Must have if you have trespassers. Paired up fast with my Phoenixm2 system. Great cameras for keeping an eye on your property. Records sound as well. Got video and conversation of high school kids that insist on sitting under my porch while waiting for the school bus. I now have evidence of these dumb kids trespassing on my property. Nothing worse than finding complete strangers sitting on your porch. I will be showing the video to the school to get the bus stop moved. I had to buy this system to get proof of them trespassing and touching my property. They sit on my trucks bumpers and have wrote things on my car windows. These cameras are good quality with good picture resolutions and clear sound.
1-hop neighbor's text information: Great camera capable of a nice wide angle I purchased this to replace a similar style camera that did not have a variable lens. I installed this about 1 foot up and to the right of my front door and adjusted it to give me the maximum wide angle view. It works quite well for viewing all the way up to my front door which is nice in case someone is leaning up against it or a package was left outside. Image quality seems very nice and the adjustments such as focus work well. Focus is extremely sensitive so it can take a bit of tweaking but the wide range and sensitivity is very nice. Night vision is good although I'd prefer it to be less focused. This seems to be a common issue with these types of camera liking to have their LEDs spotlight rather than flood as much as I'd like. I'm uploading a picture as well of my front door view although it's through the iPhone app so is of lower quality than the actual image the DVR sees. All in all I like it and will probably get one for my back door too for the wider angle view. If this had been available when I upgraded my other cameras I would have gotten this over the non-adjustable ones for several locations. I'm hoping the infrared LEDs last as a lot of other brands of these types of cameras seem to have their nightvision LEDs burn out over time... time will tell. Build quality is very nice. The matte grey paint seems high quality and looks expensive. I like it better than my other glossy black cameras.
Target text information: Four Stars worked fine
I provide the content of the target node and its neighbors' information. The relation between the target node and its 1-hop neighbors is 'co-purchase'. Question: Which of the following types does this photo item belong to? Here are the 12 categories:
0: Video Surveillance
1: Accessories
2: Binoculars & Scopes
3: Video
4: Lighting & Studio
5: Bags & Cases
6: Tripods & Monopods
7: Flashes
8: Digital Cameras
9: Film Photography
10: Lenses
11: Underwater Photography
Question: Based on the content of the target and neighbors' photo item, predict the category ID (0 to 11) for the target node.
| 0
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Video Surveillance
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photo
| 42,660
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test
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1-hop neighbor's text information: Panasonic good I had two of these. They came with my Panasonic camcorders back in the 90's and early 2000's. I can not find them in my garage, so I came looking here. I am surprised by the price. I was expecting them to be maybe 10 dollars. But if these are original Panasonic they will last indefinitely. Just do not leave the battery in them to corrode if you store it.
1-hop neighbor's text information: This is by far the best gift I have given anyone This is by far the best gift I have given anyone. I gave this to my boyfriend's family for Christmas and as soon as I figured out how to use the cassettes inside, we popped it into the VCR and i immediately choked with tear while I watched his parents start their family 30 years ago. Loved it.
1-hop neighbor's text information: GREAT The VHS-C Cassette Adapter worked great in the VCR. Played all the old (20 year +) tapes. I then attached the VCR (no TV needed) to the computer and dumped to DVD. Great purchase!
Target text information: VHS adapter Have many unplayed tapes and had lost the original adapter. This one works great and helping me to convert to DVD's
I provide the content of the target node and its neighbors' information. The relation between the target node and its 1-hop neighbors is 'co-purchase'. Question: Which of the following types does this photo item belong to? Here are the 12 categories:
0: Video Surveillance
1: Accessories
2: Binoculars & Scopes
3: Video
4: Lighting & Studio
5: Bags & Cases
6: Tripods & Monopods
7: Flashes
8: Digital Cameras
9: Film Photography
10: Lenses
11: Underwater Photography
Question: Based on the content of the target and neighbors' photo item, predict the category ID (0 to 11) for the target node.
| 1
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Accessories
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photo
| 15,081
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test
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1-hop neighbor's text information: Five Stars Good!... My daughter has it now!
Target text information: Four Stars As expected
I provide the content of the target node and its neighbors' information. The relation between the target node and its 1-hop neighbors is 'co-purchase'. Question: Which of the following types does this photo item belong to? Here are the 12 categories:
0: Video Surveillance
1: Accessories
2: Binoculars & Scopes
3: Video
4: Lighting & Studio
5: Bags & Cases
6: Tripods & Monopods
7: Flashes
8: Digital Cameras
9: Film Photography
10: Lenses
11: Underwater Photography
Question: Based on the content of the target and neighbors' photo item, predict the category ID (0 to 11) for the target node.
| 1
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Accessories
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photo
| 33,724
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train
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1-hop neighbor's text information: Great Stuff - Here are a few tips... I bought this adhesive in the 16" x 50' roll for mounting large photos and posters to foam board for framing. Basically it's like a giant roll of double-sided tape, except the stickiness seems more like a super-heavy-duty post-it-note adhesive. The one thing you need to watch out for is the sticky little rolly-balls of adhesive that form in the process of cutting this stuff (it gets on your scissor edges, blades etc). It's easy for these sticky balls of rubbery glue to stick to your fingers and other surfaces and get transferred to your art. You can remove them, but they're tenacious so it's best to use avoidance techniques like wiping your cutting utensils with rubbing alcohol and checking your work space for these glue-balls if you're doing multiple projects. That said it's not a big deal, just keep an eye out for them. So far this adhesive has worked great for my projects and is so much easier and less messy than spray adhesive. Spray adhesive can end up all over the place and you find yourself wondering how many years you're taking off your life breathing in tiny particles of chemical adhesive. The basic directions are: Roll out the adhesive paper--it's sticky on the inner side of the roll. Place your artwork onto the sticky surface and cut exactly around the edge of your art using scissors or a blade and straightedge--this is the point where you need to watch for the pesky sticky balls. Turn your artwork face down and use the provided burnishing tool (looks like the end of a plastic spatula) rubbing it back and forth across the adhesive backing paper to get the sticky material on the paper to transfer to your print. Slowly lift the backing paper up, peeling it away from your artwork. As you're peeling, if you notice a spot where the adhesive hasn't transferred and is still holding onto the backing paper, stop and burnish that spot a little more--so far that's all I've needed to do to get it to release. Once you've removed the backing paper, you're almost done. Carefully position your sticky-backed artwork onto the foam board (get a helper for this step, it's easier with two sets of hands). Then use the burnishing tool again rubbing it across every inch of the artwork so the adhesive will form a strong bond between your art and the foam board (a special piece of non-stick paper is provided to place over your art to protect it during the burnishing steps). Last step, cut your foam board exactly to size and you're done. It's pretty easy. For mounting a 24 x 30 image, I placed the first piece of adhesive on the back of the print, then abutted a second piece right next to the first, (no overlapping) it was easy to do--no evidence of a line--simple. As mentioned, it's helpful to have a second pair of hands when you reach the point of positioning your sticky-backed artwork onto the foam board--this is especially important for mounting a large piece. Also, don't cut your foam board to the exact size until AFTER you've adhered your work as it's about impossible to place your art just exactly in the right spot when you've already cut the foam board to the finished size. Save yourself the aggravation and stress and cut your foam a little larger, then trim the excess afterwards. What's particularly gratifying is the simplicity. The first time I tried this adhesive paper, I was unsure of what to expect so started by mounting a 4x6 snapshot to foam board. I highly recommend this step as you'll feel more confident about tackling a larger and more important piece of art. After the test-run I mounted a 22 x 28 image I'd made into a poster. It was easy and turned out great. In the past I've tried spray adhesive but (likely due to inexperience) the artwork eventually developed several bubbles of trapped air between the print and foam board and of course looked terrible. I can't see this issue occurring with mounting paper as it's a perfectly even coat of adhesive--there's no guess work as to whether you've sprayed enough adhesive where it's needed. At first glance this product may seem like an expensive choice compared to buying a can of spray--BUT when compared to having your work professionally mounted, it's worth it. Bite the bullet and you will find it pays for itself after a couple of projects and is SO much easier and cleaner to use--resulting in an infinitely more satisfying finished product than spray adhesive.
Target text information: 3M COLD MOUNT ADHENSIVE This product is tremendous with paper and so very easy to use! I have not yet tried it with fabric or 3 dimensional items.
I provide the content of the target node and its neighbors' information. The relation between the target node and its 1-hop neighbors is 'co-purchase'. Question: Which of the following types does this photo item belong to? Here are the 12 categories:
0: Video Surveillance
1: Accessories
2: Binoculars & Scopes
3: Video
4: Lighting & Studio
5: Bags & Cases
6: Tripods & Monopods
7: Flashes
8: Digital Cameras
9: Film Photography
10: Lenses
11: Underwater Photography
Question: Based on the content of the target and neighbors' photo item, predict the category ID (0 to 11) for the target node.
| 4
|
Lighting & Studio
|
photo
| 9,929
|
test
|
1-hop neighbor's text information: dnsbl.dnsbl domain name system-based blackhole list dnsbl real-time blackhole list rbl effort stop email spamming blacklist locations internet reputed send email spam locations consist ip addresses often used publish addresses computers networks linked spamming mail server software configured reject flag messages sent site listed one lists term blackhole list sometimes interchanged term blacklist blocklist dnsbl software mechanism rather specific list policy dozens dnsbls existence use wide array criteria listing delisting addresses may include listing addresses zombie computers machines used send spam internet service providers isps willingly host spammers sent spam honeypot system since creation first dnsbl 1998 operation policies lists frequently controversial internet advocacy occasionally lawsuits many email systems operators users consider dnsbls valuable tool share information sources spam others including prominent internet activists objected form censorship addition small number dnsbl operators target lawsuits filed spammers seeking lists shut first dnsbl real-time blackhole list rbl created 1997 first border gateway protocol bgp feed paul vixie dnsbl eric ziegast part vixie mail abuse prevention system maps dave rand abovenet first subscriber first version rbl published dnsbl rather list networks transmitted via bgp routers owned subscribers network operators could drop tcp/ip traffic machines used send spam host spam supporting services website inventor technique later commonly called dnsbl eric ziegast employed vixie enterprises term blackhole refers networking black hole expression link network drops incoming traffic instead forwarding normally intent rbl sites using would refuse traffic sites supported spam — whether actively sending spam ways address would listed rbl volunteers maps staff would attempt repeatedly contact persons responsible get problems corrected effort considered important blackholing network traffic also meant spammers spam supporting isps could delay put rbl long periods discussions went later rbl also released dnsbl form paul vixie encouraged authors sendmail mail software implement rbl support clients allowed mail software query rbl reject mail listed sites per-mail-server basis instead blackholing traffic soon advent rbl others started developing lists different policies one first alan brown open relay behavior-modification system orbs used automated testing discover list mail servers running open mail relays—exploitable spammers carry spam orbs controversial time many people felt running open relay acceptable scanning internet open mail servers could abusive 2003 number dnsbls came denial-of-service attacks dos since party admitted attacks discovered responsible purpose matter speculation however many observers believe attacks perpetrated spammers order interfere dnsbls operation hound shutting august 2003 firm osirusoft operator several dnsbls including one based spews data set shut lists suffering weeks near-continuous attack technical specifications dnsbls came relatively late rfc5782 uniform resource identifier uri dnsbl dnsbl lists domain names sometimes also ip addresses found clickable links contained body spams generally found inside legitimate messages uri dnsbls created determined much spam made past spam filters short time frame first use spam-sending ip address point sending ip address first listed major sending-ip-based dnsbls many cases elusive spams contain links domain names ip addresses collectively referred uris uri already spotted previously caught spam uri found non-spam e-mail therefore spam filter extracts uris message checks uri dnsbl spam blocked even sending ip spam yet listed sending ip dnsbl three major uri dnsbls oldest popular surbl surbl created volunteers surbl started second major uri dnsbl uribl 2008 another long-time surbl volunteer started another uri dnsbl ivmuri spamhaus project provides spamhaus domain block list dbl describe domains found spam messages dbl intended uribl rhsbl checked domains message envelope headers domains urls message bodies unlike uribls dbl lists domain names ip addresses since spamhaus provides lists ip addresses uri dnsbls often confused rhsbls right hand side bls different uri dnsbl lists domain names ips found body message rhsbl lists domain names used reply-to e-mail address rhsbls debatable effectiveness since many spams either use forged addresses use addresses containing popular freemail domain names gmail.com yahoo.com hotmail.com uri dnsbls widely used rhsbls effective used majority spam filters operate dnsbl requires three things domain host nameserver domain list addresses publish possible serve dnsbl using general-purpose dns server software however typically inefficient zones containing large numbers addresses particularly dnsbls list entire classless inter-domain routing netblocks large resource consumption using software designed role domain name server role-specific software applications designed specifically servers role dns blacklist hard part operating dnsbl populating addresses dnsbls intended public use usually specific published policies listing means must operated accordingly attain sustain public confidence mail server receives connection client wishes check client dnsbl let say dnsbl.example.net less following looking address dnsbl thus similar looking reverse-dns differences dnsbl lookup uses rather ptr record type uses forward domain dnsbl.example.net rather special reverse domain in-addr.arpa informal protocol addresses returned dnsbl queries match dnsbls return address 127.0.0.0/8 ip loopback network address 127.0.0.2 indicates generic listing addresses block may indicate something specific listing—that indicates open relay proxy spammer-owned host etc details see rfc 5782 uri dnsbl query rhsbl query fairly straightforward domain name query prepended dns list host follows dnslist.example.com dns list host example.net queried domain generally record returned name listed different dnsbls different policies dnsbl policies differ one another three fronts addition different types listed entities ip addresses traditional dnsbls host domain names rhsbls uris uribls wide range semantic variations lists listing means list maintainers divided issues whether listings seen statements objective fact subjective opinion lists best used result definitive taxonomy dnsbls names defined e.g yellow nobl varieties widespread use names widespread use recognized many spam control specialists end-users organizations concerns regarding concept dnsbls specifics created used criticisms include despite criticisms people object principle mail-receiving sites able reject undesired mail systematically one person john gilmore deliberately operates open mail relay gilmore accuses dnsbl operators violating antitrust law number parties electronic frontier foundation peacefire raised concerns use dnsbls isps one joint statement issued group including eff peacefire addressed stealth blocking isps use dnsbls spam-blocking techniques without informing clients spammers pursued lawsuits dnsbl operators similar grounds
1-hop neighbor's text information: open_proxy.open proxy open proxy proxy server accessible internet user generally proxy server allows users within network group i.e closed proxy store forward internet services dns web pages reduce control bandwidth used group open proxy however user internet able use forwarding service anonymous open proxy useful seeking online anonymity privacy help users hide ip address web servers since server requests appear originate proxy server makes harder reveal identity thereby helps preserve perceived security browsing web using internet services real anonymity extensive internet security might achieved measure alone website operators use client-side scripts determine browser real ip address open proxy may keeping logs connections public vpns work open proxies possible computer run open proxy server without computer owner knowing result misconfiguration proxy software running computer infection malware viruses trojans worms designed purpose caused malware infected computer known zombie computer open proxies often implicated abuse number methods developed detect refuse service irc networks strict usage policies automatically test client systems known types open proxies likewise mail server may configured automatically test mail senders open proxies using software codice_1 groups irc electronic mail operators run dnsbls publishing lists ip addresses known open proxies ahbl cbl njabl till 2013 sorbs since 2002
Target text information: not_just_another_bogus_list.another bogus list another bogus list njabl dns blacklist njabl maintained list known potential spam sources open mail relays open proxies open form mail http gateways dynamic ip pools direct spammers purpose able tag refuse e-mail thereby block spam certain sources njabl automatically retests listed open relays every 90 days open proxy ips portion njabl data used spamhaus xbl list njabl dynamic ip list originally came dynablock maintained independently since dynablock stopped updating december 2003 sorbs dynamic ip list also development dynablock aggressively inclusive njabl version march 1 2013 njabl process shut dnsbl zones emptied internet time remove njabl server configs ns pointed unallocated space 192.0.2.0/24 test-net-1 hopefully make shutdown obvious slower notice april 29 above-mentioned pointing dnsbl ns 192.0.2.0/24 done jan 02/2019 domain name njabl.org set expire dns servers switched tucows autorenew servers would cause lookups servers still removed configuration rejections
I provide the content of the target node and its neighbors' information. The relation between the target node and its 1-hop neighbors is 'citation'. The 10 categories are:
0: Computational Linguistics
1: Databases
2: Operating Systems
3: Computer Architecture
4: Computer Security
5: Internet Protocols
6: Computer File Systems
7: Distributed Computing Architecture
8: Web Technology
9: Programming Language Topics
Question: Based on the content of the target and neighbors' Wikipedia page, predict the category ID (0 to 9) for the target node.
| 4
|
Computer Security
|
wikics
| 761
|
test
|
1-hop neighbor's text information: Awesome As good as the name brand battery at half the cost. Will buy Wasabi again and again.
1-hop neighbor's text information: Works but without capacity indication The batteries work well and seem to last a bit longer than the Nikon. The batteries don't report strength properly to my Nikon J4 though, so without notice it will go from showing full strength on the battery gauge to too low to turn on. This caused a minor problem for me at Disney on one ride.
Target text information: Works for me Good Battery at a good price. Fully compatible with my camera and lasted just as long as the original battery (which wasn't very long). That is probably the cameras fault more than the battery. I'm happy with this battery.
I provide the content of the target node and its neighbors' information. The relation between the target node and its 1-hop neighbors is 'co-purchase'. Question: Which of the following types does this photo item belong to? Here are the 12 categories:
0: Video Surveillance
1: Accessories
2: Binoculars & Scopes
3: Video
4: Lighting & Studio
5: Bags & Cases
6: Tripods & Monopods
7: Flashes
8: Digital Cameras
9: Film Photography
10: Lenses
11: Underwater Photography
Question: Based on the content of the target and neighbors' photo item, predict the category ID (0 to 11) for the target node.
| 1
|
Accessories
|
photo
| 32,907
|
test
|
1-hop neighbor's text information: Very happy with the purchase!! I bought this kit for my wife who is still an amateur but learning fast. I also bought a Canon version of this kit for myself, which are the same products but in a different size. This review is a mix of both our opinions. I had my eye on this lens set for a week before I decided to go ahead and give it a shot. I had my doubts after reading some of the reviews left by others but after testing out all the included parts I can say without a doubt this was definitely a great buy. I highly recommend this kit for beginners as well as more advanced photographers in citations where they just want to have fun with their camera or don't want to carry a heavy or super expensive lens, such as when traveling aboard or hiking in the woods. LENSES: The lenses are MUCH better than I would have expected. The wide angle itself is worth the cost of the kit alone. Nobody is saying these are the same quality as $400 brand name professional lenses, but as an advanced photographer that doesn't have the money to spend on professional equipment I am more than satisfied with the results. Lenses were well built, high quality looking and even came in protective pouches. I used the wide angle to get some great group shots of the family and was very pleased with the results. I was able to fit almost twice as much into my shot compared to no wide angle. The telephoto zoom added a nice little effect, not too much, but for the price it was still nice to have. FILTERS: Filters fit perfectly and worked as advertised. Very satisfied! MACRO FILTER KIT: These filters looked and felt like quality products. The wide angle lens also came with a detachable macro lens that allows for amazing close up macro photos. I will post some of my wife's photos here this weekend. These macro filters work more like magnifying lenses and can be stacked one on top of the other to take high detail shots of flowers, insects, stamps, etc. LENS HOOD: No surprises here. I've owned plenty of lens hoods in my time. Not original Nikon brand but well made, sturdy, and gets the job done. I would not pay for a name brand hood which I will probably lose anyway and costs $20. CLEANING SUPPLIES: Like others said, a nice little bonus. I was pleasantly surprised by the microfibers. I use them to clean the fingerprints and smudges off my lens and tablet. My wife uses this on her iphone and loves it. RING ADAPTERS: This kit fit fine on my wife's camera and the rings were not needed but are nice to have in a pinch. They are made of metal and are lightweight. All in all, my wife and I are very happy with our purchase. I was not looking to spend too much money and for less than $100, this was a bargain by any standard. The entire ordering process was a breeze. I received my package in 3 business days and it even included a hand signed note from the owner of the company guaranteeing 100% satisfaction. Nice products, exceptional service, and a very reasonable price. I will repeat here what I said in another lens set review I gave: I think it's very unhelpful and unfair of other reviewers to review this set without taking into account that you are paying less than $100. If you want professional level items, go pay for them. These items are awesome for the price and I think will be more than sufficient for 95% of the photographers I come in contact with. In this context I absolutely give this kit 5 stars. Hope this helps!
1-hop neighbor's text information: Makes me Happy :) I bought this lens to replace my kit lens. I had accumulated variety of lenses. I did not think I would really need the original kit lens, so I gave it away. I found that the range on that kit lens was desirable for many shooting situations plus it was short and compact (hmm Quandary). The old kit lens was not a good close focus lens. Also, using a lens hood caused vignetting at 18mm. I always had to back it off a touch. This new version really lets you focus down to about 6 inches. Also, there is no problem with the vignette affect at the widest focal length. So its Win Win. So now I can travel light with confidence. I keep it mostly on my D5100 for light casual shooting but occasionally use it on my D300s and my D600 in DX mode. I found it a great general purpose lens on all. Small (nice), Light (nice), VR (nice). When you close the lens (all the way down) it locks. You have to unlock and set the focal length before you shoot. I must say it took me a while to get use to this (my cameras would report no lens attached) duh! Once I did I even loved that. My results are good. I love it. I would love to have a full frame version that maintained this size and weight. I did buy this lens off the used list so I saved some money there. I have not gone wrong with the Like New lenses I have bought in the past. A surprise this copy was refurbished and like new. Win again. I recommend getting this lens even if you think you don't need it. Oh one more comment, this lens extends a little further than the old kit lens. So if you use the on camera flash to when you close focus you may get a shadow you don't want. To keep it light I tend to use my SB400 instead of the on camera flash. You can bounce it or use a reflector. Hope this helps yall.
1-hop neighbor's text information: Great Lens minus a Pretty Box I was a little concerned when I saw this listed at about 60% of the advertised list price. If you want a lens in a pretty Nikon box, you won't get it. If you want brand new latest VR II 18-55mm lens that works perfect on Nikons such as my (old) D40 and (New) D7000 this is a great way to go.
Target text information: Five Stars Good product!
I provide the content of the target node and its neighbors' information. The relation between the target node and its 1-hop neighbors is 'co-purchase'. Question: Which of the following types does this photo item belong to? Here are the 12 categories:
0: Video Surveillance
1: Accessories
2: Binoculars & Scopes
3: Video
4: Lighting & Studio
5: Bags & Cases
6: Tripods & Monopods
7: Flashes
8: Digital Cameras
9: Film Photography
10: Lenses
11: Underwater Photography
Question: Based on the content of the target and neighbors' photo item, predict the category ID (0 to 11) for the target node.
| 5
|
Bags & Cases
|
photo
| 44,432
|
test
|
1-hop neighbor's text information: Brilliant! <div id="video-block-R2W3H3ECW27E51" class="a-section a-spacing-small a-spacing-top-mini video-block"></div><input type="hidden" name="" value="https://images-na.ssl-images-amazon.com/images/I/B1%2BtLPNJMRS.mp4" class="video-url"><input type="hidden" name="" value="https://images-na.ssl-images-amazon.com/images/I/81xCwncZE6S.png" class="video-slate-img-url"> This base turns a Manfrotto 679, 680, 681 monopod into a tripod. Very cool. Works great on my Kodak Zi6. It would also work with my Nokia N95 and DT-22 tripod head.
Target text information: The legs fold up nice and tight to the monopod This is one solid base. It is heavy enough to keep the monopod steady but not too heavy for carrying around. The legs fold up nice and tight to the monopod. There are no sharp edges. For those of you who are wondering what size the screw mount is on this thing, it is 3/8" Am using this on my Sirui P-326 monopod. In order to use this base I had to do some creative thinking. What I ended up doing was taking a hacksaw and cutting the foot off the monopod. Then bought a 5-6 inch piece of 3/8" allthread and a 3/8" coupler. I screwed the coupler part way on to the allthread. Using epoxy putty I a bunch on the allthread just enough so I could slide it into the but I had cut the foot off. After it had cured for a while I took the coupler off and packed in the remaining spaces with epoxy putty. I then let it cure overnight. Using the coupler on my monopod and using it to attach the base works awesome and it is solid. I went as far as to paint the coupler flat black with some spray primer. It works and looks great.
I provide the content of the target node and its neighbors' information. The relation between the target node and its 1-hop neighbors is 'co-purchase'. Question: Which of the following types does this photo item belong to? Here are the 12 categories:
0: Video Surveillance
1: Accessories
2: Binoculars & Scopes
3: Video
4: Lighting & Studio
5: Bags & Cases
6: Tripods & Monopods
7: Flashes
8: Digital Cameras
9: Film Photography
10: Lenses
11: Underwater Photography
Question: Based on the content of the target and neighbors' photo item, predict the category ID (0 to 11) for the target node.
| 6
|
Tripods & Monopods
|
photo
| 23,620
|
test
|
1-hop neighbor's text information: Five Stars Great quality, nice and solid piece
1-hop neighbor's text information: A versatile accessory for the videographer <div id="video-block-R2X3JXMWKU9BFL" class="a-section a-spacing-small a-spacing-top-mini video-block"></div><input type="hidden" name="" value="https://images-na.ssl-images-amazon.com/images/I/E1nnVrKKvGS.mp4" class="video-url"><input type="hidden" name="" value="https://images-na.ssl-images-amazon.com/images/I/21LlmxUCtTS.png" class="video-slate-img-url"> Works perfectly once you understand the mechanics. Stays in place and easily supports a 7" external monitor with a heavy battery pack. The clamp makes mounting it to a variety of surfaces easy. The knob at the "elbow" joint tighten and loosens ALL the joints, so it's important to loosen it before making any adjustments to the arm. I shoot a lot of seminars and live events, and mounting the external monitor on this arm really makes my life easier. No more looking up at the LCD screen.
1-hop neighbor's text information: Works well and is made well for the money I bought the multi-function Double Ball Adapter with Bottom Clamp to connect a 7" Ultra HD video monitor to my DJI Ronin-M. After a couple weeks of use I feel the product deserves a 4 star rating. I feel the product is made well and works well but is not perfect. I would recommend for the money.
Target text information: Gooooooooo!!!!!! <div id="video-block-R30IBTVZ5GAEU1" class="a-section a-spacing-small a-spacing-top-mini video-block"></div><input type="hidden" name="" value="https://images-na.ssl-images-amazon.com/images/I/C1MD2RyKLkS.mp4" class="video-url"><input type="hidden" name="" value="https://images-na.ssl-images-amazon.com/images/I/912WV-VN%2BdS.png" class="video-slate-img-url"> It says GoPro!? But the mount it comes with doesn't fit any GoPro mounts that I have. I had to modify it so it was flat and use a sticky GoPro mount. With that said. It worked well when all mounted up.
I provide the content of the target node and its neighbors' information. The relation between the target node and its 1-hop neighbors is 'co-purchase'. Question: Which of the following types does this photo item belong to? Here are the 12 categories:
0: Video Surveillance
1: Accessories
2: Binoculars & Scopes
3: Video
4: Lighting & Studio
5: Bags & Cases
6: Tripods & Monopods
7: Flashes
8: Digital Cameras
9: Film Photography
10: Lenses
11: Underwater Photography
Question: Based on the content of the target and neighbors' photo item, predict the category ID (0 to 11) for the target node.
| 1
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Accessories
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photo
| 42,996
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test
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1-hop neighbor's text information: For the price, I wasn't expecting an all aluminum design and spring loaded loading plate. Surprisingly large but that is a good thing. The length measures around 4 3/4" and weighs 7oz which should mount perfect my (soon to arrive) Manfrotto 128LP. I was able to mount my joby grip plate on it, arca-swiss compatible, with zero issues. For the price, I wasn't expecting an all aluminum design and spring loaded loading plate. It even has a tool to remove the included 3x 1/4 to 3/8 adapters. And lets not forget the level...
1-hop neighbor's text information: Disappointed in the engineering of this clamp Disappointed in the engineering of this clamp. The screw side of the clamp sits at an angle when opened. If I unscrew this clamp enough to drop-in my arca style plate from the top the springs can pop out. The previous Neewer clamp I had purchased was very nicely made. I had hoped this would be as well, but it looks entirely different.... rougher finish, cheaper knob, sharper edges and corners.... looks like it was made by a different company.
Target text information: Five Stars Very good
I provide the content of the target node and its neighbors' information. The relation between the target node and its 1-hop neighbors is 'co-purchase'. Question: Which of the following types does this photo item belong to? Here are the 12 categories:
0: Video Surveillance
1: Accessories
2: Binoculars & Scopes
3: Video
4: Lighting & Studio
5: Bags & Cases
6: Tripods & Monopods
7: Flashes
8: Digital Cameras
9: Film Photography
10: Lenses
11: Underwater Photography
Question: Based on the content of the target and neighbors' photo item, predict the category ID (0 to 11) for the target node.
| 1
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Accessories
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photo
| 42,666
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test
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1-hop neighbor's text information: Outstanding lens! I have never bought a non-Canon lens because I just love the look, feel, and optical quality of the Canon line particularly the L series lenses. But I kept reading glowing reviews about this lens. On multiple websites. So, I went out and took a look. First impression: the build quality is not as good as a Canon L series lens. Duh! It costs about 1/4 as much for goodness sake. This is a plastic lens - not metal. But I must admit that the build quality was pretty darn good. Better, I think, than the Sigma lenses I've seen. Fit and finish was very nice and tight. I'd give the build quality a 4/5. Not bad. I figured I could live with it. Next, I put the lens on my camera. I'd read reviews complaining about the speed of the focusing. It may not be quite as quick as my 200 f2.8 L series lens but it was pretty darn good and for my purposes, plenty fast. A 4.5/5 I'd read reviews complaining about the noise and the fact that the AF was not USM. I thought the AF worked very quietly. Not at all distracting and barely discernable. Noise - not an issue. Then, I took pictures with the lens and I was absolutely floored! How in the world did Tamron manage to produce a lens that performed so well optically for such a reasonable price?! Beautiful contrast, excellent resolution, gorgeous colors, and extremely sharp, particularly above f2.8. But, f2.8 is very good as well. Obviously the first comparison that comes to mind is between this lens and the Canon 24-70 f2.8 L. I would say, I kid you not, that this lens is in every respect optically the equal of the Canon or better than the Canon. I could not believe it. I tested this lens directly against a brand new copy of the Canon 24-70 f2.8L. Method: I tested both lenses on a tripod @ F 2.8 and 8.0 @ 28mm 50mm and 70mm. Target limestone wall 9.5 feet parallel to the sensor plane. Remote release employed. No mirror lockup. Center and all four corners were evaluated to my naked eye on a monitor using 100% crops. Both lenses were new copies received within the last 7 days. The limestone wall lent itself perfectly to evaluating sharpness and subtle contrast and color rendition. There was enormous detail present in the wall with subtle colorations present. Findings: 28MM F8: Tamron definitely sharper in the center and corners 28MM F2.8: Tamron definitely sharper in the center and corners 50MM F8: Tamron slightly sharper in the center and very slightly sharper in corners 50MM F2.8: Tamron slightly sharper in center and equal in corners. 70MM F2.8: Canon sharper in center and at corners. Incidentally noted was inability of Tamron to focus as sharply as I was able to achieve with manual focusing. 70MM F8: Tamron sharper in center with Canon slightly sharper in corners. Some have said that there is less flare with the Canon, but if you use the lens hood that should not be a problem. I didn't notice excessive flare in my copy. Admittedly there is significant copy to copy variation in both the Canon and the Tamron, but my findings convinced me that at 1/4 the price, and with the Tamron weighing 1 pound less than the Canon that the Tamron was the lens for me. Optically 5/5!! I cannot recommend this lens highly enough. It is the first non-Canon lens I have owned and I am thrilled.
1-hop neighbor's text information: Decent hood, but NOT an exact replacement for a Canon EW-73B I own (2) Canon lenses which both use the EW-73B lens hood. I own a OEM Canon hood, so am able to make a direct comparison with the Altura product. The Altura "EW-73B" is made of similar quality black plastic and appears to be as thick and as strong as the OEM hood. However, the bayonet opening is slightly smaller than the Canon part which, makes it a very tight fit on both of the lenses I have. The hood must be positioned carefully and pressed firmly to insure that both of the bayonet flanges are properly engaged. Compared to the OEM hood, it takes considerably more force to rotate this hood into the correct, locked position. It also takes MUCH more force to remove the hood from the lens. It doesn't make any difference if the hood is being installed in it's normal operating position, or reversed for storage. It still is hard to engage both flanges at the same time. The inside diameter of the bayonet opening ring is clearly somewhat smaller than the OEM Canon hood which goes on & off any 67 mm Canon lenses easily. Otherwise it's fully functional and provides the same degree of (minimal) sun shielding as a real Canon EW-73B. If you are not in a hurry to install or remove this hood, it's "tightness" will probably not be an issue. If you need to work fast, a real Canon EW-73B may be worth it at triple the cost of the Altura since it installs easily with no "issues". Please keep in mind that the EW-73B is a very short "petal" hood and is really only minimally effective when your lens is at the wide angle end of it's zoom range. An effective hood for the telephoto range of the intended lenses would be much deeper and would probably be a simple round cylinder, not a "petal" design. However, any lens shielding is probably better than none at all.
1-hop neighbor's text information: Good idea but I have had several better lens hoods ... Good idea but I have had several better lens hoods that lasted longer. The rubber separated from the metal ring within a month, and there is no way to attach a lens cap while this hood is attached as I can with a different flexible lens hood I have for a smaller lens.
Target text information: So so. Not for wide angle lens Vingrette anything under 14mm. Disappointed
I provide the content of the target node and its neighbors' information. The relation between the target node and its 1-hop neighbors is 'co-purchase'. Question: Which of the following types does this photo item belong to? Here are the 12 categories:
0: Video Surveillance
1: Accessories
2: Binoculars & Scopes
3: Video
4: Lighting & Studio
5: Bags & Cases
6: Tripods & Monopods
7: Flashes
8: Digital Cameras
9: Film Photography
10: Lenses
11: Underwater Photography
Question: Based on the content of the target and neighbors' photo item, predict the category ID (0 to 11) for the target node.
| 1
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Accessories
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photo
| 42,100
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test
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1-hop neighbor's text information: Not as advertized - Not Lithiuim and not 2100mah I bought this for Xmas to replace my orgional BN-V11U because it said it was Lithium and was rated at 2100mah vs the orgional manufacturer 1100mah NiCad. I have a Lithium battery charger so I was not worried about charging it. Well, that was not going to be an issue because it was NiMH with NO Rating on the battery (said 6v by not mah stated on the battery). None the lesss, I thought I would just charge it and give it a try. At full charge it lasted 20 min which did cover the 30 min tape in the camcorder. This is not a "Premium Quality" battery. BTW: It did come in charged, so it was not like it was shipped dead from being on the shelf. It's not a quality product. I haven't tried returning it yet under it's 3 year warranty. Interresting to see how that goes.
1-hop neighbor's text information: Five Stars Exact tha one I need it
1-hop neighbor's text information: Five Stars Excellent product
Target text information: JVC Camcorder battery Battery is Brand new, It charged up fully perfectly. Not only was it far less expensive, and very easy to locate on Amazon, it was a double size battery to the one I was replacing. I especially like the way Amazon displays the order of the products, and the new and used irems available. Ed
I provide the content of the target node and its neighbors' information. The relation between the target node and its 1-hop neighbors is 'co-purchase'. Question: Which of the following types does this photo item belong to? Here are the 12 categories:
0: Video Surveillance
1: Accessories
2: Binoculars & Scopes
3: Video
4: Lighting & Studio
5: Bags & Cases
6: Tripods & Monopods
7: Flashes
8: Digital Cameras
9: Film Photography
10: Lenses
11: Underwater Photography
Question: Based on the content of the target and neighbors' photo item, predict the category ID (0 to 11) for the target node.
| 1
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Accessories
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photo
| 4,510
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test
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1-hop neighbor's text information: Evaluating Functional Joins Along Nested Reference Sets in Object-Relational and Object-Oriented Databases Previous work on functional joins was constrained in two ways: (1) all approaches we know assume references being implemented as physical object identifiers (OIDs) and (2) most approaches are, in addition, limited to single-valued reference attributes. Both are severe limitations since most object-relational and all object-oriented database systems do support nested reference sets and many object systems do implement references as location-independent (logical) OIDs. In this work, we develop a new functional join algorithm that can be used for any realization form for OIDs (physical or logical) and is particularly geared towards supporting functional joins along nested reference sets. The algorithm can be applied to evaluate joins along arbitrarily long path expressions which may include one or more reference sets. The new algorithm generalizes previously proposed partition-based pointer joins by repeatedly applying partitioning with interleaved re-merging before evaluating the next fu...
Target text information: Functional Join Processing . Inter-object references are one of the key concepts of object-relational and object-oriented database systems. In this work, we investigate alternative techniques to implement inter-object references and make the best use of them in query processing, i.e., in evaluating functional joins. We will give a comprehensive overview and performance evaluation of all known techniques for simple (singlevalued) as well as multi-valued functional joins. Furthermore, we will describe special order-preserving functionaljoin techniques that are particularly attractive for decision support queries that require ordered results. While most of the presentation of this paper is focused on object-relational and object-oriented database systems, some of the results can also be applied to plain relational databases because index nested-loop joins along key/foreign-key relationships, as they are frequently found in relational databases, are just one particular way to execute a functional join. Key words: O...
I provide the content of the target node and its neighbors' information. The relation between the target node and its 1-hop neighbors is 'citation'. The 6 categories are:
0: Agents
1: ML (Machine Learning)
2: IR (Information Retrieval)
3: DB (Databases)
4: HCI (Human-Computer Interaction)
5: AI (Artificial Intelligence)
Question: Based on the content of the target and neighbors' scientific publication, predict the category ID (0 to 5) for the target node.
| 3
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DB (Databases)
|
citeseer
| 280
|
test
|
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